人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 People of Achievement 单词讲解课件-（79张ppt)

(共79张PPT)
UNIT 1　
SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Words and Expression
BOOK4 U1
subscribe to同意;赞同
　Snow subscribed to the second theory. (教材P2)斯诺赞同第二种看法。
情景导学
　　Li Hua thought it was worthwhile to read English articles every day so he sub-
scribed to this newspaper.李华认为每天读英文文章是值得的,所以他订阅了这份
报纸。
用法归纳
subscribe to同意;赞同;　　
订阅
BOOK4 U1
suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(教材P2)斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。
情景导学
　　I don’t trust her—I suspect that she’s a bit two-faced.我不信任她——我觉得她有点言行不一。
The young man ran out of the supermarket in panic, so the police suspected him to be a thief.那个年轻人惊慌失措地跑出了超市,因此警察怀疑他是个小偷。
On his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when (he is) suspected of drug dealing. 在去布哈拉的路上,当(他)被怀疑贩毒时,他体验到了警察的方法。
(2020全国新高考Ⅰ)
BOOK4 U1
suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
用法归纳
①suspect sb.　　 (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事
②suspect+　　 从句 怀疑/觉得……
③suspect sb. to be...　 　　　　
of
that　
怀疑某人是……
BOOK4 U1
blame vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责 n.责备;指责
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(教材P2)斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首
情景导学
The headmaster wanted to find out who was to blame for the fire.校长想要弄清楚谁
对这场火灾负有责任。
The researchers say that if you are not satisfied with the shape of your nose, blame it
on climate, not your parents.研究人员说,如果你对自己鼻子的形状不满意,要怪气
候,不要怪你的父母。
Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation,
you are a loser.一旦你养成把不好的情况归咎于其他人或事物的习惯,你就是一个
失败者。
BOOK4 U1
blame vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责 n.责备;指责
用法归纳
①blame sb./sth. 　 　 sth.把某事归咎于某人/某物
②blame sth. 　　 sb./sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某物
③be to blame (　　 sth.) (对某事)负有责任
④take/accept shoulder the blame for...承担……责任
⑤lay/put the blame on...归咎于……
特别提醒
be to blame (for sth.)意为“(对某事)负有责任”,其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
for
on
for
BOOK4 U1
link n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联
Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the
different water companies in London.(教材P3)此外,斯诺之后还证明了另外几起霍
乱病例与伦敦不同的饮用水公司之间有联系。
情景导学
　　The study tries to explain why there is a link between engaging in the arts and
living longer.这项研究试图解释为什么从事艺术和长寿之间有联系。
When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day,try-
ing to link new experiences to old memories.当你睡觉时,你的大脑会整理白天发生
的一切,试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。(2021北京)
In ancient China, in order to resist aggression, the emperors had different sections of the walls linked up.在中国古代,为了抵御侵略,皇帝让人把城墙的各个部分连接起来。
BOOK4 U1
link n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联
用法归纳
①a link between...and...　　 　 　　
②link 　　 (使)连接;(使)结合
③link...　　 /with...把……与……连接/联系起来
(被动语态：be linked 　　 /with...)
……与……之间的关系/联系
up
to
to
BOOK4 U1
decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低
...the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.(教材P3)…
…世界各地霍乱的威胁大幅降低。
情景导学
There has been a decrease in the number of young people out of work.失业青年人数
已经有所减少。
The number of students going abroad for further study is on the decrease nowadays.
如今出国深造的学生的数量在减少。
The greenhouse gas emissions have decreased by 4% by now. 到目前为止,温室气体
排放量已经减少了4%。
Due to the adoption of appropriate epidemic prevention measures, the number of in-
fected people in this area has decreased (from thirty) to zero.由于采取了恰当的防疫措施,这个区域的被感染人数(从三十)减少到了零。
BOOK4 U1
decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低
用法归纳
①decrease　　 ... 减少/降低了……
②decrease (from...) 　　 ...(从……)减少/降低到……
③　 　 the decrease 在减少;在衰减;在降低
④(a) decrease 　　 ... ……的减少
by
to
on
in
BOOK4 U1
thanks to 幸亏;由于
Fortunately,we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow.
(教材P3)幸运的是,由于约翰·斯诺的努力,我们现在知道如何预防霍乱。
词汇拓展
◆表示“由于;因为”的短语还有:because of、due to、owing to、as a result of、
on account of。
He realized that she was crying because of/on account of what he had said.他意识到
她因为他说过的话在哭。
His illness is due to bad food.他生病是由于(吃了)劣质的食物。
Owing to/As a result of his careless driving, we had a serious accident.由于他粗心驾
驶,我们遭遇了严重的车祸。
BOOK4 U1
break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发
However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932...(教材P7)不过,1932年淞沪会
战爆发后……
词汇拓展
①break away(from...)突然挣脱/脱离/甩掉……
②break down破坏;消除;(机器、车辆等)出故障;(身体等)垮掉;情不自禁地哭起
来;使分解
　　Getting the teenagers together will help to break down the barriers between
them.把青少年聚集起来会有助于消除他们之间的隔阂。
BOOK4 U1
break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发
③break through 取得突破
　　Last year, 50 students participated in the cultural exchange activity.This year we
hope to break through.去年,50名学生参加了文化交流活动。今年我们希望取得突破。 (写作—文化交流)
④break up解散;结束;拆开;粉碎;破碎
　　This rock band broke up in 1993 after playing for seven years.这个摇滚乐队在
演奏了7年后于1993年解散。
BOOK4 U1
defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解
...Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that
China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.(教材P7)
……钱学森意识到中国需要自己的强大的空军来保护和保卫国家,因此他决定改
学航空专业。
情景导学
The movie The Battle at Lake Changjin describes a battle to aid North Korea and de-
fend our country from/against possible danger.电影《长津湖》描述了一场援助朝
鲜,保卫我国免遭可能的危险的战役。
BOOK4 U1
用法归纳
defend...　　 ... 保护……免受……的攻击/伤害;为……辩护/辩解,
反驳……
词汇拓展
①defence/defense n.保卫;辩护;防守
◆in defence/defense of... 为了保卫……;为……辩护(=in sb./sth.defence)
The movie The Sacrifice records the story of ordinary soldiers who sacrificed their
lives in defense of a bridge. 电影《金刚川》记录了为保卫一座桥而牺牲生命的普
通士兵的故事。
②defensive adj.防御的;自卫的;戒备的
defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解
from/against
BOOK4 U1
assistant n.助理;助手 adj.助理的;副的
As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s,
Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion...(教材P7)二十世纪
三十年代担任加州理工学院的研究生助理时,钱学森协助开展了火箭推进方面的
重要研究工作……
词汇拓展
①assist v.帮助;协助;援助
◆assist sb. in doing sth./assist sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals.我
喜欢做家务。我总是在饭后帮父母洗碗。 (2021全国乙)
◆assist (sb.) in/with sth.帮助/协助(某人)某事
BOOK4 U1
assistant n.助理;助手 adj.助理的;副的
②assistance n.帮助;支持;援助
◆with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下
With the assistance of AI, 5G and AR technology, the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics presents dreamlike beauty.在人工智能、5G和增强现实技术
的帮助下,北京冬奥会的开幕式呈现了梦幻之美。
◆be of assistance有帮助;能帮上忙
◆come to one s assistance帮助某人
BOOK4 U1
in charge of 主管;掌管
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.(教材P8)他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎,受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹项目。
词汇拓展
①in charge负责;掌管
If you have any other questions about this English speech contest, please call our of-fice and look for the person in charge.如果你对本次英语演讲比赛有任何其他问题,请致电我们的办公室寻找负责人。 (写作—宣布通知)
BOOK4 U1
in charge of 主管;掌管
②in the charge of...由……负责/掌管
Mr. Wang is ill in hospital. Our class is in the charge of the monitor for the time be-
ing.王老师生病住院了。我们班暂时由班长负责。
③take charge of...接管……;掌管……
Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the programme 你知道琳达
是否愿意接管这个项目吗
④free of charge免费
⑤charge (sb./sth.) for sth.因某物(向某人/某物)收费
⑥charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告/起诉某人(做)某事
特别提醒
in charge of多以人作主语,指“某人负责/掌管某事”; in the charge of多以物作主
语,指“某物由某人负责/掌管”。类似的还有:in possession of, in the possession
of; in control of, in the control of等。
BOOK4 U1
besides prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且; 此外
Besides being brilliant, he was brave...(教材P9)除了才华横溢之外,他还勇敢……
except (用于所言不包括的人或事物前)除……之外,强调所排除的、不包括在内的,一般表示同类之间的关系
except for 除……之外,其后的内容与句子的主语不是同一类的。常对细节加以修正,含有美中不足之意
besides 除……之外(还),除外的部分也包含在整体内;还可作副词,意为“此外”
apart/aside from 具有besides(介词)、except以及except for的用法
in addition 副词短语,用法与副词besides类似
in addition to 除……之外(还),用法与介词besides类似
BOOK4 U1
so...that...“如此……以至于……”,
引导结果状语从句
He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that
more than 500 people died in ten days. (教材P2)他发现在两条特定的街道上霍乱
的暴发如此严重以至于在十天内就有500多人死亡。
情景导学
　　He spoke so fast that none of us could follow him.他讲得太快了,我们没有一
个人能够听明白他的话。
The room was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.这个房间太
小了,我们不得不把行李箱放在走廊里。
BOOK4 U1
so...that...“如此……以至于……”,
引导结果状语从句
用法归纳
so...that...句型中的so是副词,常常用来修饰形容词或副词,常用句式:
①so+ 　　 /　　 +that....
②so+ 　 　　　　　　　 +that...
③so+　　 /few+可数名词复数+that...
④so+much/little+不可数名词+that...
adj.
adj.+a/an+可数名词单数
many
adv.　
BOOK4 U1
结构拓展
①such...that...“如此……以至于……”也可引导结果状语从句,常用句式:
◆such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that...
◆such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that...
　　They are such good students that the teacher likes them very much.他们是如此
好的学生,以至于老师非常喜欢他们。
②so that既可以引导目的状语从句(意为“为了,以便”),又可以引导结果状语从
句(意为“所以;以致”)。
　　I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly.我大声说话以便所有
的学生都能听清楚我说的话。(目的)
I spoke loudly, so that all the students heard me clearly.我说话声音很大,所有学生
都清楚地听到了。(结果)
BOOK4 U1
so...that...“如此……以至于……”,
引导结果状语从句
特别提醒
当名词前有many、much、few、little(意为“少的”,而不是“小的”)等词修饰时,要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。
BOOK4 U1
状语从句的省略
When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles ”, his reply was a determined “Why not ...”(教材P8)当被问到“我们中国人有可能制造出导弹吗 ”,
他的回答十分坚定:“为什么不能呢 ……”
情景导学
Unless(they are) frightened, elephants will not attack you.除非受到惊吓,否则大象不会攻击你。
The president showed that if (it was) necessary, he would do it with his own money.
总统表示如果有必要,他会自己花钱做这件事。
BOOK4 U1
状语从句的省略
While (he was) riding his bike home on a cold night,he came across a sad-looking el-
derly woman wandering the streets by herself.在一个寒冷的夜晚,当(他)骑着自行车回家时,他遇到了一个看起来很难过的老妇人独自在街上游荡。 (2021北京)
用法归纳
当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语是　　 ,且从句的谓语部分
含有be动词时,状语从句可以省略　　　　　 。常见的这类状语从句的引导词
有:　　 、　　 、　　 、　　 、although、though、once、even if/though
等。
it
主语和be动词
when
while
if
unless
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
一、表语从句的定义
在句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句,它位于系动词之后。可以接表语从句的系动
词有be、look、remain、seem等。
二、引导表语从句的从属连词的用法
情景导学
The problem is whether the air pollution can be controlled.问题是空气污染能否被
控制住。
Private jet operators are still needed. That is because the rich are continuing to travel
as much as before.私人喷气式飞机操作员仍然被需要。那是因为富人在继续像
以前一样频繁地旅行。
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
The amazing thing about the hot spring is that the lower the temperature gets, the hotter it is!这个温泉的神奇之处在于,(周围环境的)温度越低,它的温度就越高!
用法归纳
引导表语从句的从属连词的用法:that、whether、because、as if/though这些连词
在从句中不作成分,其中①　　 无词义,但不能省略;because后接表示原因的句
子;whether表示“②　　 ”;as if/though表示“好像”。
that
是否
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
三、引导表语从句的连接代词的用法
情景导学
The puzzle is who got close to the dying patient.问题是谁接近过那个临终的病
人。
This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.这就是他们在大多数银行和快餐店做的事情。
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
用法归纳
引导表语从句的连接代词的用法:连接代词引导表语从句时,除了起连接作用外,
还可以在从句中充当③　　 、④　　 、定语和表语,本身具有词义。常见的
连接代词有what、which、who、whose、whom、whoever、whatever、whichever等。
主语
宾语
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
四、引导表语从句的连接副词的用法
情景导学
The point is when we can find the solution to the problem.关键是我们何时能找出
解决这个问题的方法。
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
用法归纳
表语从句中连接副词的用法:连接副词引导表语从句时,除了起连接作用外,还可
以在从句中充当⑤　　 ,本身具有词义。常见的连接副词有when、where、why、how等。
状语
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
五、表语从句中的虚拟语气
情景导学
She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起来仿佛年轻了十岁。
My suggestion is that we (should) adopt a more flexible approach. 我的建议是我们
应该采用一种更灵活的方法。
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
用法归纳
(1)当主句的主语是advice、suggestion、order、command、request、requirement
等表示建议、命令或要求的名词时,表语从句中常用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用
“⑥　　　　 　 ”的形式,其中should可以省略。
(2)当表语从句的引导词是as if或as though 时,后面的表语从句如果表示假设的情
况,也需使用虚拟语气,对现在的虚拟用⑦　　　　　 ;对过去的虚拟用过去完
成时。如果表示事实或很可能是事实,则不用虚拟语气。
(should+)动词原形
一般过去时
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
六、其他需注意的问题
情景导学
He did not go to the cinema last night. That is because he had to help his sister with
her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是因为他得帮他的妹妹做作业。
Tom overslept this morning, and that is why he was late for work.汤姆今天早晨睡
过了头,那就是他上班迟到的原因。
One of the reasons why he succeeded is that he worked hard enough.他成功的原因
之一是他足够努力。
BOOK4 U1
表语从句
用法归纳
当 reason 作主语时,表语从句要用⑧　　 引导;that’s why后面接表示⑨　　 的内容;that’s because 后面接表示原因的内容。
that
结果
BOOK4 U1
Part 1　Reading and Thinking
BOOK4 U1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.There are many 　　　　(证据) that the athlete will win the gold medal in the competition.
2.Officials say that few citizens are 　　　　 (传染) with the virus owing to effective prevention now.
3.Experts have pointed out that the absence of 　　　　(/s v (r)/)punishment plays a major role in the growing food safety problems.
4.Cheer up! You needn’t feel f　　　at your failure in the exam.
5.Drivers are taught how to h　　　　 emergencies before they receive their driving licenses.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅰ.1.proofs　2.infected　3.severe　4.frustrated 5.handle
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.选词填空
once and for all;subscribe to;thanks to;attend to;give birth
1.　　　　　　 your timely help, we finished the task in time.
2.If you 　　　　　　China Daily,it’ll be delivered to your door every day.
3.In the video, we can see the nurses in Huoshenshan Hospital are busy 　the patients.
4.His wife 　　　　　　 to their baby one year after they got married, which seemed to have brought out his sense of responsibility.
5.We have to take measures to settle plastic pollution 　　　　　　,which is harmful to our environment and our own health.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ. 1.Thanks to　2.subscribe to　3.attending to 4.gave birth　5.once and for all
BOOK4 U1
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.My computer has been linked 　　　　 the Internet in our office.
2.It is a word with 　　　　(multiply) meanings.
3.That girl did the right thing, so we shouldn’t blame the accident
　　　　 her.
4.The number of people riding motorcycles without helmets is
　　　　 the decrease.
5.Origin-tracing of the virus is a 　　　　(pure) scientific matter and should be left in the hands of scientists.
BOOK4 U1
6.Suspecting the traveler 　　　　 carrying drugs, the customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.
7.“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product-making factory　　　　 a product-making power, one driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅲ.1.to/with　考查介词。be linked to/with...意为“连接到……”。故填to或with。
2.multiple　考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰复数名词meanings,故用形容词multiple,意为“多种多样的”。
3.on　考查介词。blame sth. on sb./sth.意为“把某事归咎于某人/某物”,故用介词on。
易错归因：本题容易误填for,注意blame sb./sth. for sth.“把某事归咎于某人/某物”与上面说的blame sth. on sb./sth.的区别,for后接的是所说的事故,on后接的是要责怪的人或物。
4.on　考查介词。 on the decrease意为“在减少”,故填on。
5.purely　考查副词。根据空后的形容词scientific可知,空格处应用副词修饰形容词,故填purely。
6.of　考查介词。suspect sb. of doing sth.意为“怀疑某人做某事”。故填of。
7.into　考查介词。transform...(from...)into...意为“把……(从……)转变为……”。故填into。
BOOK4 U1
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我们还没决定去哪儿过暑假。(疑问词+不定式)
We haven’t decided 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 for our summer holiday.
2.学生们应该积极参加社区活动以便他们能够获得成长经验。(so that)
Students should involve themselves in community activities
actively 　　　　 　　　　 　　　experience of growth.
3.那个男孩从自行车上摔下来弄断了腿,这让他的父母非常难过。 (have sth. done)
The boy fell off the bicycle and 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, which made his parents very sad.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅳ.1.where to go　2.so that they can gain 　3.had his leg broken
BOOK4 U1
Part 2　Learning About Language & Using Language
BOOK4 U1
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Mr. Johnson,what’s your　　　　　(think) on the question put forward at the meeting
2.In the 1960s, a German scientist made a remarkable 　　　　　(find) when observing honeybees.
3.　　　　　(initial), the computer system worked well, but then we met some challenges.
4.It is reported that the house price in some cities has decreased 　　　10% in the past several years.
5.As a matter of fact, you shouldn’t blame others 　　　　　 your failure.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅰ.1.thinking　考查名词。设空处前有形容词性物主代词your,故此处应用名词thinking,表示“见解”。
2.finding　考查名词。由设空处前的a German scientist(主语)和made(谓语)可知设空处作宾语,由前面的不定冠词a可知应填名词finding,意为“发现”。
3.Initially　考查副词。设空处置于句首,在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词Initially,意为“最初”。
4.by　考查介词。此处指某些城市的房价在过去几年里下降了10%,表示“下降了……”,用decrease by...。故填by。
5.for　考查介词。blame sb. for sth.意为“把某事归咎于某人”。故填介词for。此处指你不应该把你的失败归咎于其他人。
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.根据语境翻译短语、判断加黑单词的词性和词义
1.I subscribe to the view that children benefit from being independent.
翻译　　　
2. As a sports fan, I subscribed to several sports channels on TV last year.
翻译　　　
3.Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metres by 2 metres.
词性　　　　词义　　　　
4.As yet, they have no solid/concrete evidence, so they have to release the suspect.
词性　　　　词义　　　　;词性　　　　词义　　　　;
词性　　　　词义　　　　
Ⅱ.1.同意　2.定期订购　3.名词;牢房　4.形容词;可靠的　形容词;确实的,具体的　名词;嫌疑犯
BOOK4 U1
Ⅲ.单句语法专练
1.This is　　　　 my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
2.The best moment for the football star was　　　　 he scored the winning goal.
3.By boat is the only way to get here, which is　　　　 we arrived.
BOOK4 U1
4.The number of snakes had declined. He realized that it was　　　　there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the heat.
5.Chinese New Year is an important celebration. This is　　　　 decorating rooms with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance.
6.Making a full-length clay(黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is　　　　 I intend to do! (2020天津)
7.My first impression of the organization was 　　　　 it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind.(2021北京)
BOOK4 U1
Ⅲ.1.what　　　　 my father has taught me是表语从句,设空处在从句中作taught的直接宾语,且此处表示“父亲教我的道理”,故填what。
2.when　句意:对这个足球明星来说,最好的时刻是他踢进决胜球的时刻。　　　 he scored the winning goal是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处在从句中作时间状语,故填 when。
3.how　句意:乘船是到达这里的唯一途径,这就是我们如何到达 (这里)的。　　　 we arrived是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处在从句中作方式状语,表示“如何”,故填how。
4.because　句意:蛇的数量减少了。他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温的侵袭。　　　 there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the heat是表语从句,结合句意可知此处表示“这是因为……”,故填because。
5.why　句意:中国新年是一个重要的庆祝活动。这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰房间具有特殊意义。　　　 decorating rooms with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance是表语从句,结合句意可知此处表示“这就是为什么……”。故填why。
6.what　　　　 I intend to do是表语从句,且设空处在表语从句中作do的宾语,指“……的事情”,故填what。
7.that　句意:我对该组织的第一印象是,它不会对我心目中的计划产生足够的影响。　　　 it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind是表语从句,从句成分完整,且结合句意可知设空处无词义,故用that引导该表语从句。
BOOK4 U1
Ⅳ.结合本单元语法点完成句子
1.然而,问题是这是不是发展中国家最需要的东西。
However,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 this is what the developing countries need most.
2.她看上去好像对此一无所知。其实不然。
She appeared 　　　　 　　　　 she 　　　　 　　　　 nothing about it. In fact that was not the case.
3.我的建议是,如果你想上你理想的大学,你应该从现在开始努力学习。
My advice is that 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 from now on if you want to go to your ideal university.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅳ.1.the question is whether　2.as if/though;had known
3.you should study hard
BOOK4 U1
Part 3　Using Language, Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
BOOK4 U1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The professor’s 　　　　(/ bstr kt/) theory is hard for us to understand.
2.The girl was tired from standing, so she 　　　　(转换) her weight from one foot to the other.
3.To adapt to the rapid economic development, China has put forward some new development 　　　　(观念).
4.The player’s o　　　　 performance left a deep impression on everyone present.
5.He is outgoing. B　　　, he is kind. He always steps up whenever people need help.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅰ.1.abstract　2.shifted　3.concepts　4.outstanding
5.Besides
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.选词填空
in charge of;above all;break out;come down with
1.I’d like to speak to the person who is　　　　　　 this program.
2.When World War Ⅰ 　　　　　　, he decided to join the army immediately.
3.I have been coughing these days, so I think I have 　　　　　　 the flu.
4.I’m very lucky to have a comfortable life, where there’s always food on the table, heating in the winter, and, 　　　　　　, love in the house.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.1.in charge of　2.broke out　3.come down with
4.above all
BOOK4 U1
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The story of the two young men is described　　　　(vivid) in this novel.
2.It has been argued that 　　　　(gift) children should be grouped in special classes.
3.At the beginning, he asked if I could assist him 　　　　 learning how to use chopsticks.
4.The boy who started work just after graduation was arranged as a teaching 　　　　(assist).
BOOK4 U1
5.It was 9 a.m. The sun shone 　　　　(brilliant). I stood by the lake, waiting for my turn to boat.
6.Body language can give away a lot about your thoughts—for example, standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being 　　　　(defend).
7.At the conference, political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world 　　　　 terrorism and other threats.
BOOK4 U1
Ⅲ.1.vividly　考查副词。设空处修饰过去分词described,应用副词vividly,表示“生动地”。
2.gifted　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词children,应用形容词gifted,意为“有天赋的”。
3.in　考查介词。 assist sb. in doing sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填in。
4.assistant　考查名词。a teaching 　　　作as的宾语,由设空处前面的不定冠词a可知应用名词assistant。teaching assistant表示“助教”。
5.brilliantly　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词shone,作状语,所以用副词brilliantly,表示“灿烂地”。
6.defensive　考查形容词。根据设空处前面的you are being可知此处应用形容词作表语,defensive意为“自卫的”。此处表示双臂交叉着站立表明你在自我保护。
7.from/against　考查介词。 defend...from/against...表示“保护……免受……”。此处指保护世界免受恐怖主义和其他威胁(的侵袭)。故填from或against。
BOOK4 U1
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我相信你足够强大,能应对这些挑战。(be+adj.+enough to do sth.)
I believe you 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 deal with these challenges.
2.当被问到为什么上学迟到时,他保持沉默。后来,老师了解到他爸爸病了。(状语从句的省略)
　　　　 　　　　why he was late for school, he kept silent. Later, the teacher learned that his father was ill.
3.未来,人工智能技术会传播到人们生活的各个方面,使生活更便利。(make+宾语+宾语补足语)
In the future, artificial intelligence technology will spread to all aspects of people’s life and　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　 .
BOOK4 U1
Ⅳ.1.are strong enough to　2.When asked　3.make life more convenient
BOOK4 U1
Part 4　Writing
BOOK4 U1
关于科学精神的写作
写作题目
　　假设你校下个月要举行科技节,现面向全体学生征文,请你用英语写一篇短文,谈谈你对科学精神的见解。要点包括:
1.你认为科学精神包括哪些品质;
2.列举两个相关的科学家;
3.作为学生,我们应该怎样对待科学精神。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
BOOK4 U1
遣词造句
Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词填空
1.　　　　vt.处理;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)
2.　　　　n.导弹
3.　　　　vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;降低
4.　　　　adv.此外;再者
5.　　　　adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的
BOOK4 U1
答案　1.handle　2.missile　3.decrease
4.furthermore　5.vivid
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用
1.完成句子
(1)在我看来,科学精神包括一些基本的品质。
As far as I’m concerned,the scientific spirit includes some 　　　　 　　　　.
(2)没有钱学森在导弹和火箭方面全心全意的努力,中国就不会在短时间内成为世界上一个如此强大的国家。
Without Qian Xuesen’s devoted work on missiles and rockets, China wouldn’t have become 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in the world in a short time.
(3)作为学生,我们应把科学精神应用于我们的学习中,以便我们能够处理我们遇到的困难和问题。
As students, we should apply the scientific spirit to our study, 　　　　 　　　　we can handle the difficulties and problems we meet with.
BOOK4 U1
答案　(1)essential qualities　(2) such a powerful country　(3)so that
BOOK4 U1
2.句式升级
(4)用强调句型改写下面的句子
Similarly, the hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed has decreased the number of the hungry people around the world greatly.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
BOOK4 U1
答案　(4)Similarly, it is the hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed that has decreased the number of the hungry people around the world greatly.
BOOK4 U1
参考范文
As far as I’m concerned,the scientific spirit includes some essential qualities.Scientists should be devoted and creative.Furthermore, they must have a vivid imagination.
For instance,without Qian Xuesen’s devoted work on missiles and rockets, China wouldn’t have become such a powerful country in the world in a short time. Similarly, it is the hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed that has decreased the number of the hungry people around the world greatly.
As students, we should apply the scientific spirit to our study, so that we can handle the difficulties and problems we meet with.
BOOK4 U1
写作积累
1.In my opinion, what made them great scientists are their scientific spirit, such as devotion, diligence, and determination.
在我看来,成就伟大科学家的是他们的科学精神,如专心、勤奋和坚定。
2.There is no doubt that positive attitudes and values are bound to make a big difference to everyone.
毫无疑问,积极的态度和价值观必将对每个人都产生重大影响。
3.These scientists who made excellent contributions to human beings set good examples to us students as well.
这些为人类做出卓越贡献的科学家也为我们学生树立了良好的榜样。
4.Not only should we show respect for the great scientists, but also we should learn the scientific spirit from them.
我们不仅要尊重这些伟大的科学家,而且要学习他们的科学精神。
5.It is because of the scientific spirit that the great scientists have made such outstanding achievements.
正是因为这些科学精神,这些伟大的科学家才取得了如此杰出的成就。
BOOK4 U1
实战演练
(2022重庆万州二中月考,)
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友John发来邮件,提到他对中国取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩,想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件,向他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家,内容包括:
1.简介;
2.主要成就。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.语法填空
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 　1　 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 　2　 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 　3　(person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared and a BMI of between 19 and 25 　4　(consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 　5　 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 　6　(be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 　7　(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 　8　(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 　9　(live) in the countryside, including 　10　(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
BOOK4 U1
词汇积累
1.calculate v.计算
2.divide v.除以
3.narrow v.缩小
1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　
6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　
BOOK4 U1
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标,主要是由于农村地区的体重指数(BMI)增加了,科学家分析了其中的原因。
1.and　考查连词。that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas都是found的宾语,此处指科学家发现世界各地的人越来越重并且大部分增长是由于农村地区的BMI的增加,两个宾语从句之间在语意上是并列的关系,故填and。
2.that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词measurement tool,且在从句中作主语,故填that或which。
3.person’s　考查名词所有格。设空处修饰名词weight,作定语,所以用 person的名词所有格形式person’s。
4.is considered　考查动词的时态和语态。此处指体重指数在19到25之间被认为是健康的。a BMI of between 19 and 25与consider之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故填is considered。
5.by　考查介词。此处指农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by...表示“增加了……”。 故填by。
6.was　考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处所在的句子缺少谓语,根据上句可知此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,主语(the gain)是单数,故填was。
7.studied　考查过去分词。设空处所在的句子已有谓语动词had,所以这里应用非谓语动词。此处指在超过四分之三的被研究的国家中,countries与study之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词studied作后置定语,修饰countries。
8.sharply　考查副词。设空处修饰过去分词narrowed,故用副词sharply。此处表示“大幅度缩小”。
9.living　考查现在分词。设空处所在的句子已有谓语动词,所以这里应用非谓语动词。此处指这可能是由于生活在农村的人的一些不利条件,people与live之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词living,构成现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰people。
10.lower　考查形容词比较级。设空处与后面的higher和fewer构成并列关系,所以此处应填lower。这里是说这些不利条件包括较低的收入和教育水平,较高的健康食品的花费和较少的运动设施。
BOOK4 U1