山西省部分市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：七选五（含解析）
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山西省部分市
2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五
山西省2021-2022学年高三上学期期末适应性测试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Save Water During a Drought
The drought is happening because of climate change. California just had its driest year in a century. Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a statewide drought emergency, asking all Californians to save water in every way possible. ___16___ , though you can’t save California on your own
Small things can add up. You’ve probably heard these tips before, but consider this a refresher course: Don’t let the water running while you wash dishes in the sink or washing, brushing or shaving. ___17___ . Water outdoor plants in the morning or evening, so you don’t lose as much water to evaporation in the midday sun.
Replace old appliances. How old is your toilet If it’s from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less. ___18___ . Upgrading your dishwasher and washing machine and any other water-intensive appliance will also pay savings dividends(红利), in both water and energy costs.
___19___ . Keep an eye on your water bill. If it creeps higher than normal without a good reason, investigate whether you have a leak somewhere. Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system, ___20___ .
Consider your overall lifestyle of water usage and do everything within your power to use less water. Individual action can make a big change.
A. Focus on the water bill
B. Individual action matters
C. Find out the potential problem
D. They can save a lot per household per day
E. It’s political action that brings a significant change
F. You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem
G. Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load
山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship. ___16___ Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
___17___ Sure，you and your friends probably have some similar interests，but that’s not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy，go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize activities or sights into“must—see”“want to see”and“would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
·Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travelling—from getting the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplane’s window seat. But sometimes things don’t go as you like. In this case，share your requirements directly with your travel companions. ___18___ Have a conversation when problems arise，for communication is the key.
·Don’t disappear. When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want some alone time. That’s completely fine，but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. ___19___
·Get off your phone. Of course，your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member，or in the event of a work emergency，but other than that，try to stay off your phone. ___20___ After all，the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Give each other some space.
B Include at least one activity for everyone.
C. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
D. At the same time，listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E. Don’t respond to non-urgent work contact or send messages frequently.
F. It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G. So it's important to make sure you and your friend(s)are on the same page.
山西省太原市2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5 小题;每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。答案写在答题卡上。
Having a conversation with a colleague or customer who constantly interrupts you is one of life's most discouraging experiences____16____But there are effective methods you can use to get your own points across.
1.Discourage interruptions before they happen.
If you're about to tell an involved story or make a complex proposal, you may be able to protect yourself from interruptions by making that clear up front. ____17____ By letting the other person know in advance that the opinion will be heard and valued, you're encouraging that person to listen carefully to what you're about to say to provide a worthwhile response
2.Ask the rest of the group for input
____18____ one method is to say something like, "We’ve heard from Sam a few times. Does anyone else have anything to contribute " You're nicely putting the interrupter on notice that he or she has been talking all the time. And it's time to let others speak. You're also encouraging other members of your group to speak up.
3. Ask yourself if the interruption has value.
Some people interrupt because their brains work very fast. They've already grasped the information you're conveying, and they want to speed up the pace of the discussion.____19____ you'll come across as being more interested in the issues than in yourself
While none of these skills is guaranteed to protect you from interrupters, trying one or another or maybe more than one in combination, should help you be heard instead of being interrupted Getting interrupted is always unpleasant, but you don't have to suffer it in silence.____20____
A. It happens all the time
B. Make sure you get to have your say
C. If you want to gain valuable insight
D. When the same person interrupts you repeatedly
E. Only some people have encountered interrupters in their lives
F. Explain that once you're done, you'll want the other person's input
G. If you stop and listen to the interrupter and ask a couple of questions
山西省运城市2021-202学年高三上学期期末英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is good for more than just entertainment.____16____. And the positive effects can be felt at any age: Even before they’ve fully developed their reading skills, kids can benefit from having access to materials and being read to on a regular basis.
Reading can boost intelligence
People who exhibit strong reading skills early in life grow up to be more intelligent. That was the finding of a study published in 2014 that measured the cognitive development of 1, 890 sets of identical twins. When two twins shared the same genes and home environments, early reading skills appeared to be the factor that decided which twin would be better at both verbal tests (like vocabulary( and non-verbal (like reasoning tests). ____17____, the study authors concluded that more emphasis should be placed on teaching strong reading skills to young children.
Reading helps increase empathy
____18____—it can make you a kinder person as well. According to a study published in 2013, people who consume literary fiction have an easier time sensing and relating to emotions in other people. This effect likely has something to do with the way such books are written: Great literature forces readers to steps outside themselves and empathize with the characters they’re reading about. Reading can lower stress
Feel stressed at the end of a long day ____19____. A 2009 study found that reading for just 30 minutes has similar stress-reducing effects to doing 30 minutes of yoga.
____20____
Even after you put down a book, the effects of reading it are still present in your brain. A 2013 study discovered that when people read books, their brains continue to behave differently hours and even days later. The brains of readers show increased connectivity in the left temporal cortex—the region responsible for language receptivity—even hours after they’ve stopped reading. This suggests that reading can train the mind and boost neural function through a process that’s similar to muscle memory.
A. Reading improves your passion
B. Reading may change your brain
C. Since reading is of significance
D. Reading books doesn’t just make you smarter
E. Opening a book is a good way to wind down
F. Because reading ability is something that’s learned
G. Committing part of every day to reading books can make you smarter, kinder, and more relaxed
山西省晋中市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
第二节 （共5小题;每小题3分, 满分15分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能地入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Save Water During a Drought
The drought is happening because of climate change. California just had its driest ear in a century. Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a statewide drought emergency, asking all Californians to save water in every way possible. 36_________, though you can't save California on your own.
Small things can add up. You've probably heard these tips before, but consider this a re-fresher course: Don't let the water running while you wash dishes in the sink or washing, brushing or shaving. 37___________. Water outdoor plants in the morning or evening, so you don't lose as much water to evaporation in the midday sun.
Replace old appliances. How old is your toilet If it's from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less. 38_________. Upgrading your dishwasher and washing machine and any other water-intensive appliance will also pay sayings dividends（红利）, in both water and energy costs.
39_________. Keep an eye on your water bill. If it creeps higher than normal without a good reason, investigate whether you have a leak somewhere. Depending on the type of water meter （仪表）you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whet her anything is still moving through your system. 40__________
Consider your overall lifestyle of water usage and do everything within your power to use less water. Individual action can make a big change.
A. Focus on the water bill
B. Individual act ion matters
C. Find out the potential problem
D. They can save a lot per household per day
E. It's political action that brings a significant change
F. You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there's a problem
G. Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load
答案：
山西省2021-2022学年高三上学期期末适应性测试英语试题
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了早灾发生时如何节约用水。
【16题详解】
设空处后though引导让步状语从句，根据后半句“though you can’t save California on your own（尽管你凭一己之力无法拯救加州）”，虽然不能凭一己之力救加州，但个人的行为也是大有影响的。B项Individual action matters（个人行动很重要）符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Small things can add up（小事情可以积累 ）”，可知设空处与生活中小事的积累可以帮助解决问题有关。G项Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load（只有在洗衣机和洗碗机满载时才开动）生活中的小事，符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文提示“How old is your toilet If it's from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less.（你的厕所用了多久了 如果是1990年以前的，每次冲水要消耗6加仑。 较新的厕所可能只消耗1.28加仑或更少的水）”，可知，新旧坐便器对比，新的能节约水。D项They can save a lot per household per day（它们可以为每户每天节省很多）符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空处为所在段落主旨句，应该用短小精悍的，在A项和C项中选择。再根据该段关键信息“investigate whether you have a leak somewhere（调查一下你是否在什么地方有漏洞）”，可知该段说明要查找是否有漏水现象。C项Find out the potential problem（找出潜在的问题）概括了这一内容，符合题意。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据设空处上一句中“Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system（根据你的水表的类型，你可以在所有的水关闭的情况下监控水表，看看是否有东西仍在通过你的系统）”，推知设空处是另一种检测漏水的方式。F项You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem（一旦出现问题，你也可以使用智能探测器来告诉你）中的also，a smart detector提供了线索，符合题意。故选F。
山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了和朋友快乐出游避免毁掉友谊的几条建议。
【16题详解】
根据空格前Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.得知和朋友旅游可以让这段经历留下一生的回忆也可能会毁掉你和朋友的友情，下一句承上启下，所以一定要和朋友达成共识。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空格后In an effort to keep everyone happy，go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time.得知这一段讲到为了让大家开心 ，提前翻阅一下旅行计划和期望。所以建议一定要至少包括一个大家都能玩的活动。故选B。
【18题详解】
本段建议要和出游同伴彼此沟通，互相尊重，根据空格前In this case，share your requirements directly with your travel companions.得知分享你的需求，同时也要倾听对方的心声。respect 和D项中be respectful of是同义词，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空格前，but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.得知偶尔自己独自出门转转是可以的，为了安全，一定要确保朋友知道你在哪里。尤其是在国外或不熟悉的地方。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据空格前try to stay off your phone.尽量远离手机，得知下面是具体做饭，不要回复不紧急的工作和总是发送信息。故选E。
山西省太原市2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在与不断打断你的同事或客户交谈中有效地阻止对方，使自己能顺利表达自己的观点。
【16题详解】
上文“Having a conversation with a colleague or customer who constantly interrupts you is one of life's most discouraging experiences”可知，与不断打断你的同事或客户交谈，是人生中最令人沮丧的经历之一。A项“It happens all the time”，顺接上句，并引出下文“But there are effective methods you can use to get your own points across. (但是，你可以使用一些有效的方法来表达自己的观点)”，符合上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“If you're about to tell an involved story or make a complex proposal, you may be able to protect yourself from interruptions by making that clear up front (如果你要讲一个复杂的故事或提出一个复杂的提案，你可以事先说清楚，以免被打断)”，F项“Explain that once you're done, you'll want the other person's input (解释一下，一旦你讲完了，你会想要听别人的意见)”，前一句中的“making that clear up”与F项中的“explain”表意相同，而F项中的“want the other person's input”与后一句中“By letting the other person know in advance that the opinion will be heard and valued, you're encouraging that person to listen carefully to what you're about to say to provide a worthwhile response（提前让对方知道他的意见会被倾听和重视，你是在鼓励对方仔细倾听你将要说的话，并给出一个有价值的回答)”的“the opinion will be heard and valued”相呼应，语意连贯。故选F项。
【18题详解】
空后“one method is to say something like, ‘We' ve heard from Sam a few times. Does anyone else have anything to contribute 'You're nicely putting the interrupter on notice that he or she has been talking all the time.( 一种方法是这样说的,“我们已经听Sam说过好几次了，还有谁有什么要说的吗 ”你很好地让打断者注意到，他或她一直在说话)”可知，Sam是说话最多，经常打断对别人说话的人。所以，邀请别人交流，可以有效地阻止这人打断别人说话的行为。D项“When the same person interrupts you repeatedly”与后一句语意顺接，说明发生的语境是什么。故选D项。
【19题详解】
本段中心句为“Ask yourself if the interruption has value (问问自己这种打断是否有价值)”，前句“Some people interrupt because their brains work very fast. They've already grasped the information you're conveying, and they want to speed up the pace of the discussion.”可知，有人打断你说话是因为他知道你正在表达的意思，想要加快讨论的速度。那么这个打断是有利于交流的，是有价值的。所以选项要说明停下来听一下打断你的人说话，你应该怎么做，G项”If you stop and listen to the interrupter and ask a couple of questions (如果你停下来听一下打断你的人说话，问几个问题)”是条件状语从句，后一句“you'll come across as being more interested in the issues than in yourself (你就会给人留下对问题比对自己更感兴趣的印象)”，两者间语意连贯。故选G项。
【20题详解】
空前“Getting interrupted is always unpleasant, but you don't have to suffer it in silence.”可知，被打断总是令人不快的，但你不必默默忍受，你得说出来。B项“Make sure you get to have your say (确保你有发言权)”，与前面的“你不必默默忍受”语意一致。是对上文的总结。故选B项。
【点睛】
山西省运城市2021-202学年高三上学期期末英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了阅读给人们带来的益处。
【16题详解】
上文“Reading is good for more than just entertainment. (阅读的好处不仅仅是娱乐。)”说明阅读的好处不仅仅是娱乐，选项G“每天抽出一部分时间来读书可以让你更聪明、更善良、更放松”承接上文，说明阅读有许多娱乐之外的好处，引出下文“And the positive effects can be felt at any age: Even before they’ve fully developed their reading skills, kids can benefit from having access to materials and being read to on a regular basis. (这种积极的影响在任何年龄都能感受到：即使孩子们还没有完全发展他们的阅读技能，他们也能从接触材料和定期阅读中受益。)”进一步介绍读书对于任何年龄的孩子都有积极的影响。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“When two twins shared the same genes and home environments, early reading skills appeared to be the factor that decided which twin would be better at both verbal tests (like vocabulary) and non-verbal (like reasoning tests). (当两个双胞胎拥有相同的基因和家庭环境时，早期的阅读技能似乎是决定哪一个双胞胎在语言测试(如词汇测试)和非语言测试(如推理测试)中表现更好的因素。)”说明阅读技能在儿童后天发展中起决定作用，选项F“因为阅读能力是后天习得的”承接上文，说明阅读能力是后天习得的，并且选项和下文“the study authors concluded that more emphasis should be placed on teaching strong reading skills to young children. (研究作者得出的结论是，更多的重点应该放在教育儿童强化阅读技能上。)”之间存在因果关系。选项中reading ability和下文中 reading skills 语义相关。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上段首句“People who exhibit strong reading skills early in life grow up to be more intelligent. (早年表现出较强阅读能力的人长大后会更聪明。)”说明阅读能使人更聪明，选项D“读书不只是让你更聪明”承接上一段的意思，对应下文“—it can make you a kinder person as well (——它还可以使你成为一个善良的人。)”，说明读书不只是使人更聪明，还可以使人更善良。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“Feel stressed at the end of a long day (在漫长的一天结束时感到有压力吗？)”说明生活中充满压力，选项E“打开一本书是放松的好方法。”承接问句，说明阅读是减轻压力的好方法。选项中wind down和上文中Feel stressed相对应。故选E项。
【20题详解】
下文“Even after you put down a book, the effects of reading it are still present in your brain. A 2013 study discovered that when people read books, their brains continue to behave differently hours and even days later. The brains of readers show increased connectivity in the left temporal cortex—the region responsible for language receptivity—even hours after they’ve stopped reading. (即使在你放下一本书之后，阅读的效果仍然存在于你的大脑中。2013年的一项研究发现，当人们读书时，他们的大脑在几个小时甚至几天后仍会表现不同。读者的大脑在左颞叶皮层(负责语言接受的区域)显示出增强的连通性，即使在他们停止阅读的几个小时后也是如此。)”说明本段主题是阅读能够改变人的大脑，选项B“阅读可能改变你的大脑”概括了本段主题。故选B项。
山西省晋中市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
语篇解读 本文为说明文, 主题语境为人与自然。文章介绍了旱灾发生时如何节约用水。
36. B 【设空处后 though引导让步状语从句, 全句意为"尽管你不能凭一己之力拯救加州, 但是你的个人的行为有很大影响", 故选 B项。】
37. G【设空处所在的段落主要介绍生活中小事的积累可以帮助解决问题。G 项"只有在洗衣机和洗碗机满载时才开动", 就是讲的生活中的小事, 符合语境, 故选G项。】
38. D「设空处上文说明使用旧坐便器每冲一次消耗高达6加仑水, 使用比较新的坐便器用水量少到1. 28加仑或更少。新旧坐便器对比, 结果就能节省很多水, 故选D项。】
39. C 【设空处为所在段落主旨句, 根据该段关键信息"investigate whether you have a leak some-where"可知该段说明要查找是否有漏水现象, , C 项"Find out the potential problem"概括了这一内容, 故选C项。】
40. F 【根据设空处上一句中"you may be able to monitor. . . ", 可知设空处是另一种检测漏水的方式。F项中的 also, a smart detector提供了线索, 故选F 项。】
2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五
山西省2021-2022学年高三上学期期末适应性测试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Save Water During a Drought
The drought is happening because of climate change. California just had its driest year in a century. Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a statewide drought emergency, asking all Californians to save water in every way possible. ___16___ , though you can’t save California on your own
Small things can add up. You’ve probably heard these tips before, but consider this a refresher course: Don’t let the water running while you wash dishes in the sink or washing, brushing or shaving. ___17___ . Water outdoor plants in the morning or evening, so you don’t lose as much water to evaporation in the midday sun.
Replace old appliances. How old is your toilet If it’s from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less. ___18___ . Upgrading your dishwasher and washing machine and any other water-intensive appliance will also pay savings dividends(红利), in both water and energy costs.
___19___ . Keep an eye on your water bill. If it creeps higher than normal without a good reason, investigate whether you have a leak somewhere. Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system, ___20___ .
Consider your overall lifestyle of water usage and do everything within your power to use less water. Individual action can make a big change.
A. Focus on the water bill
B. Individual action matters
C. Find out the potential problem
D. They can save a lot per household per day
E. It’s political action that brings a significant change
F. You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem
G. Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load
山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship. ___16___ Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
___17___ Sure，you and your friends probably have some similar interests，but that’s not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy，go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize activities or sights into“must—see”“want to see”and“would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
·Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travelling—from getting the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplane’s window seat. But sometimes things don’t go as you like. In this case，share your requirements directly with your travel companions. ___18___ Have a conversation when problems arise，for communication is the key.
·Don’t disappear. When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want some alone time. That’s completely fine，but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. ___19___
·Get off your phone. Of course，your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member，or in the event of a work emergency，but other than that，try to stay off your phone. ___20___ After all，the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Give each other some space.
B Include at least one activity for everyone.
C. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
D. At the same time，listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
E. Don’t respond to non-urgent work contact or send messages frequently.
F. It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
G. So it's important to make sure you and your friend(s)are on the same page.
山西省太原市2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5 小题;每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。答案写在答题卡上。
Having a conversation with a colleague or customer who constantly interrupts you is one of life's most discouraging experiences____16____But there are effective methods you can use to get your own points across.
1.Discourage interruptions before they happen.
If you're about to tell an involved story or make a complex proposal, you may be able to protect yourself from interruptions by making that clear up front. ____17____ By letting the other person know in advance that the opinion will be heard and valued, you're encouraging that person to listen carefully to what you're about to say to provide a worthwhile response
2.Ask the rest of the group for input
____18____ one method is to say something like, "We’ve heard from Sam a few times. Does anyone else have anything to contribute " You're nicely putting the interrupter on notice that he or she has been talking all the time. And it's time to let others speak. You're also encouraging other members of your group to speak up.
3. Ask yourself if the interruption has value.
Some people interrupt because their brains work very fast. They've already grasped the information you're conveying, and they want to speed up the pace of the discussion.____19____ you'll come across as being more interested in the issues than in yourself
While none of these skills is guaranteed to protect you from interrupters, trying one or another or maybe more than one in combination, should help you be heard instead of being interrupted Getting interrupted is always unpleasant, but you don't have to suffer it in silence.____20____
A. It happens all the time
B. Make sure you get to have your say
C. If you want to gain valuable insight
D. When the same person interrupts you repeatedly
E. Only some people have encountered interrupters in their lives
F. Explain that once you're done, you'll want the other person's input
G. If you stop and listen to the interrupter and ask a couple of questions
山西省运城市2021-202学年高三上学期期末英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题3分满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reading is good for more than just entertainment.____16____. And the positive effects can be felt at any age: Even before they’ve fully developed their reading skills, kids can benefit from having access to materials and being read to on a regular basis.
Reading can boost intelligence
People who exhibit strong reading skills early in life grow up to be more intelligent. That was the finding of a study published in 2014 that measured the cognitive development of 1, 890 sets of identical twins. When two twins shared the same genes and home environments, early reading skills appeared to be the factor that decided which twin would be better at both verbal tests (like vocabulary( and non-verbal (like reasoning tests). ____17____, the study authors concluded that more emphasis should be placed on teaching strong reading skills to young children.
Reading helps increase empathy
____18____—it can make you a kinder person as well. According to a study published in 2013, people who consume literary fiction have an easier time sensing and relating to emotions in other people. This effect likely has something to do with the way such books are written: Great literature forces readers to steps outside themselves and empathize with the characters they’re reading about. Reading can lower stress
Feel stressed at the end of a long day ____19____. A 2009 study found that reading for just 30 minutes has similar stress-reducing effects to doing 30 minutes of yoga.
____20____
Even after you put down a book, the effects of reading it are still present in your brain. A 2013 study discovered that when people read books, their brains continue to behave differently hours and even days later. The brains of readers show increased connectivity in the left temporal cortex—the region responsible for language receptivity—even hours after they’ve stopped reading. This suggests that reading can train the mind and boost neural function through a process that’s similar to muscle memory.
A. Reading improves your passion
B. Reading may change your brain
C. Since reading is of significance
D. Reading books doesn’t just make you smarter
E. Opening a book is a good way to wind down
F. Because reading ability is something that’s learned
G. Committing part of every day to reading books can make you smarter, kinder, and more relaxed
山西省晋中市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
第二节 （共5小题;每小题3分, 满分15分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能地入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Save Water During a Drought
The drought is happening because of climate change. California just had its driest ear in a century. Gov. Gavin Newsom has declared a statewide drought emergency, asking all Californians to save water in every way possible. 36_________, though you can't save California on your own.
Small things can add up. You've probably heard these tips before, but consider this a re-fresher course: Don't let the water running while you wash dishes in the sink or washing, brushing or shaving. 37___________. Water outdoor plants in the morning or evening, so you don't lose as much water to evaporation in the midday sun.
Replace old appliances. How old is your toilet If it's from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less. 38_________. Upgrading your dishwasher and washing machine and any other water-intensive appliance will also pay sayings dividends（红利）, in both water and energy costs.
39_________. Keep an eye on your water bill. If it creeps higher than normal without a good reason, investigate whether you have a leak somewhere. Depending on the type of water meter （仪表）you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whet her anything is still moving through your system. 40__________
Consider your overall lifestyle of water usage and do everything within your power to use less water. Individual action can make a big change.
A. Focus on the water bill
B. Individual act ion matters
C. Find out the potential problem
D. They can save a lot per household per day
E. It's political action that brings a significant change
F. You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there's a problem
G. Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load
答案：
山西省2021-2022学年高三上学期期末适应性测试英语试题
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了早灾发生时如何节约用水。
【16题详解】
设空处后though引导让步状语从句，根据后半句“though you can’t save California on your own（尽管你凭一己之力无法拯救加州）”，虽然不能凭一己之力救加州，但个人的行为也是大有影响的。B项Individual action matters（个人行动很重要）符合题意。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Small things can add up（小事情可以积累 ）”，可知设空处与生活中小事的积累可以帮助解决问题有关。G项Only run washing machines and dishwashers when you have a full load（只有在洗衣机和洗碗机满载时才开动）生活中的小事，符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文提示“How old is your toilet If it's from before 1990, it could be using up to 6 gallons per flush. Newer toilets may use as little as 1.28 gallons or less.（你的厕所用了多久了 如果是1990年以前的，每次冲水要消耗6加仑。 较新的厕所可能只消耗1.28加仑或更少的水）”，可知，新旧坐便器对比，新的能节约水。D项They can save a lot per household per day（它们可以为每户每天节省很多）符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
设空处为所在段落主旨句，应该用短小精悍的，在A项和C项中选择。再根据该段关键信息“investigate whether you have a leak somewhere（调查一下你是否在什么地方有漏洞）”，可知该段说明要查找是否有漏水现象。C项Find out the potential problem（找出潜在的问题）概括了这一内容，符合题意。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据设空处上一句中“Depending on the type of water meter(仪表)you have, you may be able to monitor the meter with all your water turned off and see whether anything is still moving through your system（根据你的水表的类型，你可以在所有的水关闭的情况下监控水表，看看是否有东西仍在通过你的系统）”，推知设空处是另一种检测漏水的方式。F项You may also use a smart detector to tell you once there’s a problem（一旦出现问题，你也可以使用智能探测器来告诉你）中的also，a smart detector提供了线索，符合题意。故选F。
山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了和朋友快乐出游避免毁掉友谊的几条建议。
【16题详解】
根据空格前Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.得知和朋友旅游可以让这段经历留下一生的回忆也可能会毁掉你和朋友的友情，下一句承上启下，所以一定要和朋友达成共识。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据空格后In an effort to keep everyone happy，go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time.得知这一段讲到为了让大家开心 ，提前翻阅一下旅行计划和期望。所以建议一定要至少包括一个大家都能玩的活动。故选B。
【18题详解】
本段建议要和出游同伴彼此沟通，互相尊重，根据空格前In this case，share your requirements directly with your travel companions.得知分享你的需求，同时也要倾听对方的心声。respect 和D项中be respectful of是同义词，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空格前，but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.得知偶尔自己独自出门转转是可以的，为了安全，一定要确保朋友知道你在哪里。尤其是在国外或不熟悉的地方。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据空格前try to stay off your phone.尽量远离手机，得知下面是具体做饭，不要回复不紧急的工作和总是发送信息。故选E。
山西省太原市2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在与不断打断你的同事或客户交谈中有效地阻止对方，使自己能顺利表达自己的观点。
【16题详解】
上文“Having a conversation with a colleague or customer who constantly interrupts you is one of life's most discouraging experiences”可知，与不断打断你的同事或客户交谈，是人生中最令人沮丧的经历之一。A项“It happens all the time”，顺接上句，并引出下文“But there are effective methods you can use to get your own points across. (但是，你可以使用一些有效的方法来表达自己的观点)”，符合上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“If you're about to tell an involved story or make a complex proposal, you may be able to protect yourself from interruptions by making that clear up front (如果你要讲一个复杂的故事或提出一个复杂的提案，你可以事先说清楚，以免被打断)”，F项“Explain that once you're done, you'll want the other person's input (解释一下，一旦你讲完了，你会想要听别人的意见)”，前一句中的“making that clear up”与F项中的“explain”表意相同，而F项中的“want the other person's input”与后一句中“By letting the other person know in advance that the opinion will be heard and valued, you're encouraging that person to listen carefully to what you're about to say to provide a worthwhile response（提前让对方知道他的意见会被倾听和重视，你是在鼓励对方仔细倾听你将要说的话，并给出一个有价值的回答)”的“the opinion will be heard and valued”相呼应，语意连贯。故选F项。
【18题详解】
空后“one method is to say something like, ‘We' ve heard from Sam a few times. Does anyone else have anything to contribute 'You're nicely putting the interrupter on notice that he or she has been talking all the time.( 一种方法是这样说的,“我们已经听Sam说过好几次了，还有谁有什么要说的吗 ”你很好地让打断者注意到，他或她一直在说话)”可知，Sam是说话最多，经常打断对别人说话的人。所以，邀请别人交流，可以有效地阻止这人打断别人说话的行为。D项“When the same person interrupts you repeatedly”与后一句语意顺接，说明发生的语境是什么。故选D项。
【19题详解】
本段中心句为“Ask yourself if the interruption has value (问问自己这种打断是否有价值)”，前句“Some people interrupt because their brains work very fast. They've already grasped the information you're conveying, and they want to speed up the pace of the discussion.”可知，有人打断你说话是因为他知道你正在表达的意思，想要加快讨论的速度。那么这个打断是有利于交流的，是有价值的。所以选项要说明停下来听一下打断你的人说话，你应该怎么做，G项”If you stop and listen to the interrupter and ask a couple of questions (如果你停下来听一下打断你的人说话，问几个问题)”是条件状语从句，后一句“you'll come across as being more interested in the issues than in yourself (你就会给人留下对问题比对自己更感兴趣的印象)”，两者间语意连贯。故选G项。
【20题详解】
空前“Getting interrupted is always unpleasant, but you don't have to suffer it in silence.”可知，被打断总是令人不快的，但你不必默默忍受，你得说出来。B项“Make sure you get to have your say (确保你有发言权)”，与前面的“你不必默默忍受”语意一致。是对上文的总结。故选B项。
【点睛】
山西省运城市2021-202学年高三上学期期末英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了阅读给人们带来的益处。
【16题详解】
上文“Reading is good for more than just entertainment. (阅读的好处不仅仅是娱乐。)”说明阅读的好处不仅仅是娱乐，选项G“每天抽出一部分时间来读书可以让你更聪明、更善良、更放松”承接上文，说明阅读有许多娱乐之外的好处，引出下文“And the positive effects can be felt at any age: Even before they’ve fully developed their reading skills, kids can benefit from having access to materials and being read to on a regular basis. (这种积极的影响在任何年龄都能感受到：即使孩子们还没有完全发展他们的阅读技能，他们也能从接触材料和定期阅读中受益。)”进一步介绍读书对于任何年龄的孩子都有积极的影响。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“When two twins shared the same genes and home environments, early reading skills appeared to be the factor that decided which twin would be better at both verbal tests (like vocabulary) and non-verbal (like reasoning tests). (当两个双胞胎拥有相同的基因和家庭环境时，早期的阅读技能似乎是决定哪一个双胞胎在语言测试(如词汇测试)和非语言测试(如推理测试)中表现更好的因素。)”说明阅读技能在儿童后天发展中起决定作用，选项F“因为阅读能力是后天习得的”承接上文，说明阅读能力是后天习得的，并且选项和下文“the study authors concluded that more emphasis should be placed on teaching strong reading skills to young children. (研究作者得出的结论是，更多的重点应该放在教育儿童强化阅读技能上。)”之间存在因果关系。选项中reading ability和下文中 reading skills 语义相关。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上段首句“People who exhibit strong reading skills early in life grow up to be more intelligent. (早年表现出较强阅读能力的人长大后会更聪明。)”说明阅读能使人更聪明，选项D“读书不只是让你更聪明”承接上一段的意思，对应下文“—it can make you a kinder person as well (——它还可以使你成为一个善良的人。)”，说明读书不只是使人更聪明，还可以使人更善良。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“Feel stressed at the end of a long day (在漫长的一天结束时感到有压力吗？)”说明生活中充满压力，选项E“打开一本书是放松的好方法。”承接问句，说明阅读是减轻压力的好方法。选项中wind down和上文中Feel stressed相对应。故选E项。
【20题详解】
下文“Even after you put down a book, the effects of reading it are still present in your brain. A 2013 study discovered that when people read books, their brains continue to behave differently hours and even days later. The brains of readers show increased connectivity in the left temporal cortex—the region responsible for language receptivity—even hours after they’ve stopped reading. (即使在你放下一本书之后，阅读的效果仍然存在于你的大脑中。2013年的一项研究发现，当人们读书时，他们的大脑在几个小时甚至几天后仍会表现不同。读者的大脑在左颞叶皮层(负责语言接受的区域)显示出增强的连通性，即使在他们停止阅读的几个小时后也是如此。)”说明本段主题是阅读能够改变人的大脑，选项B“阅读可能改变你的大脑”概括了本段主题。故选B项。
山西省晋中市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
语篇解读 本文为说明文, 主题语境为人与自然。文章介绍了旱灾发生时如何节约用水。
36. B 【设空处后 though引导让步状语从句, 全句意为"尽管你不能凭一己之力拯救加州, 但是你的个人的行为有很大影响", 故选 B项。】
37. G【设空处所在的段落主要介绍生活中小事的积累可以帮助解决问题。G 项"只有在洗衣机和洗碗机满载时才开动", 就是讲的生活中的小事, 符合语境, 故选G项。】
38. D「设空处上文说明使用旧坐便器每冲一次消耗高达6加仑水, 使用比较新的坐便器用水量少到1. 28加仑或更少。新旧坐便器对比, 结果就能节省很多水, 故选D项。】
39. C 【设空处为所在段落主旨句, 根据该段关键信息"investigate whether you have a leak some-where"可知该段说明要查找是否有漏水现象, , C 项"Find out the potential problem"概括了这一内容, 故选C项。】
40. F 【根据设空处上一句中"you may be able to monitor. . . ", 可知设空处是另一种检测漏水的方式。F项中的 also, a smart detector提供了线索, 故选F 项。】