山西省部分市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

山西省部分市
2021-2022学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
山西省2021-2022学年高三上学期期末适应性测试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Visit Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
With exhibits, artwork, and bird-friendly gardens, the Blair Audubon Visitor Center serves as the gateway to a gentle, primitive wilderness with giant cypress trees that have lived here for nearly 600 years
Timed entry: daily 8am—1pm. The boardwalk closes at 3pm.
Admission Fees
General admission: $17
Full-time college student: $ 10
Children 6 to 14: $6
Children under six: FREE
Friends of Corkscrew members: FREE
Members of the US Military: $14
Enhanced Safety Procedures
Reservation is required for all visitors. No walk-ins will be accepted
Masks are required inside the Blair Audubon Visitor Center.
Social distancing markers are installed. Please follow CDC social distancing guidelines by staying six feet apart.
Temporary closures: Gallery Café, Discovery Center.
The Nature Store is open. You can also visit our online Nature Store!
On-site public programs are not available but virtual programming is offered.
If you are sick, please stay home
Inclement（恶劣的）Weather
Tickets are not refunded for light rain. However, in the event of severe or unsafe weather, the boardwalk may be closed, and programs will be cancelled. In this case, tickets can be refunded or transferred to another day and time. Call 239-348-9151 or email cssnaturestore@audubon.org.
Thank you for visiting Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary!
1. How much should a couple with an 8-year-old boy pay to visit Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
A. $12 B. $23. C. $ 34. D. $ 40.
2. What should visitors do according to safety procedures
A. Book tickets in advance B. Maintain a 5-foot social distance.
C. Watch live public programs. D. Visit the Nature Store despite their illness.
3. What would cause a refund
A. Mild rainfall. B. Heavy storm. C. Cloudy sky. D. Light wind.
B
Twenty-one years ago, Eric Moussambani became the first swimmer from Equatorial Guinea, one of the smallest countries on the African. continent, to compete in the Olympics. He recorded the slowest men's 100m freestyle ever in the Olympics, swimming so slowly that he almost drowned, but he left a deep impression on the audience.
As Moussambani prepared for Sydney, he conducted most of his training in a hotel pool, which was only 13 meters long and fell far short of Olympic level. He spent time in rivers and lakes. Moreover, his coaching came from fishermen, who tried to adjust Moussambani's arm and leg movements to prevent sinking
Upon his arrival in Sydney, Moussambani was struck by the sights of the foreign city and the size of the Olympic Village. But Moussambani was overwhelmed by the Olympic pool, which was surrounded by seating for 17,500 audience. "When I saw the swimming pool for the first time, I was so scared. The pool was so big for me," he said.
Of three swimmers, the other two swimmers were disqualified for starting the race too early, leaving a frightened Moussambani as the only man in his race. Although he maintained a consistent speed during the opening section, he couldn't be in a harmonious breathing pattern. In the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat so much that those on the sidelines（两侧场外区域）considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. Finally, Moussambani touched the wall, stopping the clock in 1：52：72.
Of course, there was no medal awarded to Moussambani. But he was treated as a celebrity for his inspiring swim. "The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but taking part. The essential thing in life is not conquering, but fighting well." The description fits Moussambani perfectly. Anyone can be inspired by what Moussambani achieved because we've all been where he was. On his own, out of his depth, and just trying to stay afloat.
4. What can we know about Moussambani
A. He was the first swimmer from Africa. B. He practiced in standard swimming pools.
C. He set the slowest. time in men's 100m freestyle D. He accepted training from professional coaches.
5. What does the underlined word "overwhelmed" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Amazed. B. Excited C. Embarrassed D. Disappointed.
6. Why did people consider helping him out of the water
A. He broke the rules. B. He was disqualified
C. He seemed nearly drowned D. He kept a consistent speed.
7. Which of the following best describes Moussambani
A Caring and humorous. B. Aggressive and demanding.
C. Generous and hardworking. D. Persevering and determined.
C
Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new white paint that can reflect over 95 percent of sunlight, which can cool the surface even lower than the surrounding temperature. Painted on a building, the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use.
Many different reflective cooling paints have been developed over the years, but they all have their disadvantages. For the new study, the Purdue researchers developed a new method—using calcium carbonate（碳酸钙）fillers, which are much richer, cheaper, and absorb less ultraviolet（紫外线的）light. And the new reflective cooling paint can give off more sunlight—reflecting 95.5 percent of the light that strikes it. That's better than many of the other paints in development, which manage between 80 and 90 percent, although it falls short of the record holder—the Teflon coating, which reflects 98 percent of light.
The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days, and showed that under direct sun- light it remained 1. 7℃ below the surrounding temperature. In another set of tests, the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint, and others with a regular white paint of the same thickness. Using a special camera, they could see the pattern clearly, thanks to the difference in temperature between the two materials.
The team says that the new paint could not only help cool buildings, but prevent outdoor electrical systems from overheating. But to ensure that it is commercially practicable, the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the environment.
"The cost of our paint may be comparable to other commercial paints or even lower than them," says Xiulin Ruan, an author of the study. "The key is to ensure the reliability of the paint so that it is workable in long-term outdoor applications."
8. What's the advantage of the new paint
A. Absorbing enough sunlight. B. Developing new energy
C Lowering cooling costs. D. Improving electrical system
9. How did the researchers study the effect of the new paint
A. By analyzing special pictures. B. By conducting field tests.
C. By collecting temperature data D. By assessing its nature.
10. What can we infer from the result of the research
A. The paint still needs testing B. The paint can be used for long.
C. The paint is incomparable. D. The paint has reliable performance
11. What is the text mainly about
A. A new white paint helps cool building B. Researchers lower the costs of paints
C. A regular paint solves heat consumption. D. Environment-friendly paints come into market.
D
Sales of electric vehicles（EVs）grew by 40 percent last year worldwide. In the US, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to be launched by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lists before this decade is done.
Though some EVs are still eye-wateringly expensive, plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that many states offer additional buying payment if you're switching to an electric vehicle. Some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit of up to $7,500. Then there are the long-term savings. A typical EV owner spends less than a traditional car owner on vehicle services. One reason is that EVs don't have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair.
EVs go without the classic vroom（加速时发出的呜呜声）we expect to hear when we floor it. That quietness can catch pedestrians off guard and strikes some drivers as terrible. That's why several electric automakers have turned to sound designers to copy these desired engine noises.
You can run an electric car through a car wash without worry. The water will not damage any of the electrical components or the battery because these systems are specially sealed to prevent water entry. What you do need to watch out for, however, is extreme cold or heat. Both will affect the battery and reduce an EV's range.
While EVs produce far fewer emissions than conventional cars do, they aren't without environmental influence. Coal is still burned to create the electricity that charges them. And EV production is emission intensive（密集排放型）. So power systems need to become carbon-free and EV batteries need to fully become recyclable before EVs can be truly emission-free.
12. What can we know about EVs from Paragraph 1
A. Their trend is uncertain. B. Their future is promising.
C. Their producers are declining. D. Their purest ones are launched.
13. Which aspect encourages people to buy EVs
A. Lack of expensive parts. B. Long-term free repair fees
C. The government's support. D. The additional buying payment.
14. What should people pay special attention to when driving the EVs
A. Quiet passers-by. B. The water damage.
C. The extreme temperature D. Batteries' short life.
15. What can be a suitable title of the passage
A. Recyclable Electrical Vehicles Win Markets
B. Driving Electrical Vehicles Will Be Common
C. Electrical Vehicles Are Within Reach in the US
D. Keep Current with Facts About Electric Vehicles
山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Breakfast Club
Starred by John Hughes, 1985
Five high school students with nothing in common are forced to spend an entire Saturday together in detention (拘留). At seven am. they had nothing to say, but by four pm, they had bared their souls to each other and became good friends—the Jock, the Brain, the Criminal, the Princess, and the Kook. They were finally able to talk about themselves while they were forced to stay together.
Pretty in Pink.
Starred by Howard Deutch, 1986
Pretty in Pink looks at the central dilemma of adolescence where one's dreams are much larger than one's confidence. Molly Ringwald plays Andie Walsh, a poor girl living with her father and working in a downtown record store. The school she attends is full of wealthy snobs (势利小人) and she likes a rich kid Blane. There is nothing new about the plot—rich boy and poor girl love each other and snobbery nearly destroys the romance.
Clueless
Starred by Amy Heckerling and Alicia Silverstone, 1995
Cher, played by Alicia Silverstone, is one of the most popular girls at Beverly Hills High School where rich kids hang out, talk to each other on cell phones and occasionally attend classes. At 15 going on 16, Cher has it all-a white Jeep, an extensive wardrobe with a computer to help select the perfect dress, and an unbelievable ability to charm, cajole and whine (哄骗和哭诉) until others obey her requests. The dialogue is wiry and entertaining.
1. The Breakfast Club is about ________.
A. a prince and a princess B. several criminals
C. several students D. some tourists
2. Which of the following is starred by Howard Deutch ________
A. The Breakfast Club. B. Pretty in Pink.
C. Clueless. D. Beverly Hill School.
3. We can infer that the Breakfast Club, Pretty in Pink and Clueless are three ________.
A. films about teenagers B. Disney's cartoons about love stories
C. world-famous paintings about religion D. ancient Roman fairy tales
B
Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle.
Michele owns Ex Libris Cafe in Polla，a small town in southern Italy. He said he thought of the recycling program, because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment.
''My goal is to spread the passion and love for books among those people in Italy who do not usually read while at the time helping the environment," Gentile explained.
The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. Working together, the schoolchildren and Gentile collected enough cans to purchase books for an entire classroom. His new program too off from there and has already spread into northern Italy: Gentile's hopes his work will continue to make headlines and become a worldwide initiative.
The free books come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated money to purchase a ''suspended" book. The idea comes from a World War II practice in which customers would buy two Coffees: one for themselves and another for the next person in line. Gentile has been using the extra books as part of his recycling initiative,
While Gentile's program is a great way to recycle and get kids to read, it also brings awareness to the growing problem of plastic waste. Single-use plastics make up around 26 percent of all the plastics in the world, only 14 percent of which are recycled. Plastics that end up in landfills take around 500 years to decompose (分解),is a major concern for environmentalists.
Cutting down on plastic waste is important if we want to better the environment for future generations, and recycling programs like Gentile's book giveaway are a great way to meet that goal.
4. What is the purpose of Gentile's book giveaway
A. To sell more coffee and books. B. To attract more customers.
C. To collect money for a new project. D. To inspire reading and recycling.
5. How did Gentile come up with the idea
A. Working with a school to recycle cans. B. Seeing school kids don't like reading.
C. Donating books for a local school. D. Buying a “suspended” book for a child.
6. Who pay for the books of the project
A. The local government. B. Gentile himself.
C. Some publishers. D. His customers.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. An Italian's Reading Initiative B. Recycling Can Get Kids Free Books
C. Michele's Way of Doing Business D. A New Way to Deal with Plastic Waste
C
A call came into Jimmy Gilleece’s bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at his bar, couldn’t find her wallet. She didn’t care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece, 42, didn’t like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he determined to find the wallet. He spent hours on videos from surveillance (监控) cameras, watching the woman’s every step in the bar. Within minutes, a young man approached the bar, put something in his pocket, and walked off.
Gilleece posted a clip (视频片段) on the bar’s Facebook page to find out who the young man was. Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17-year-old Rivers Prather, who said he’d done it because he hadn’t eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
Gilleece told the teen to meet him at the docks (码头). There they talked a lot and Gilleece knew that Prather was from a poor family. Seeing the teenager’s small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.
Gilleece decided to help the kid. He hired two local divers to search the waters where the wallet had been thrown. More than an hour passed, with no sign of the ring. Gilleece grew worried. And then a diver popped up. In his hand was the wallet, and inside was the ring. When Gilleece called the wallet’s owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring.
8. What did the woman value most in her wallet
A. Her ID. B. Her credit cards.
C. Her money. D. Her wedding ring.
9. What did Prather do after getting the wallet
A. He kept the ring. B. He spent the money in it.
C. He threw it in a dustbin. D. He returned it to the owner.
10. Why did Gilleece help Prather
A. To teach the child a lesson. B. To meet the customer 's demand.
C. To save the forgivable child. D. To win back the reputation of his bar.
11. What would happen to Prather next
A. He would be sent to prison. B. He would not be accused by the woman.
C. He would get a job in Gilleece’s bar. D. He would live a better life ever after.
D
A cheap printed sensor(传感器) could transmit wildfire warnings. Wildfires have recently destroyed the forests across the world, and their gravity is increasing. Hoping to reduce harm, researchers led by Yapei Wang, a Chinese chemist of Renmin University, say they have developed an inexpensive sensor to detect(监测) such fires earlier with less effort.
Current detection methods rely heavily on human watchfulness, which can delay an effective response. Most wildfires are reported by the general public, and other alarms come from routine foot patrols and watchtower observers. Passing planes and satellites also occasionally spot something, but "the fire first appears on the ground," Wang says. "When you see the fire from the sky, it is too late."
The team says its new sensor can be placed near tree trunks' bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is a quick temperature increase. That heat also powers the sensor itself, without replacing batteries. The team printed the substances onto ordinary paper to create a sensor for just $ 0.40.
But improving coordination among the different companies involved in firefighting is even more important to deal with, says Graham Kent, an earthquake expert at the University of Nevada, Reno, who was not part of the study. Kent is director of ALERT Wildfire, a network that uses cameras and crowd sourcing to watch for fires in California, Nevada and Oregon. "The whole way that you respond to a fire until it's put out is like a ballet," he says. "You'd have to choreograph(设计)it just so, with resources accurately used at the right time and place and in the right order from detection to confirmation to assignment to extinguishment(熄灭). Fire detection is just step one."
Wang says his team's next steps are to extend the device's signal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective shield（防护罩） for it. The transmitter's effectiveness, he notes, will also need to be examined in the field ahead.
12. What does the underlined word "gravity" in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Pull. B. Extinction. C. Popularity. D. Seriousness.
13. What do we know about the sensor
A. Its price remains high. B. Its batteries are replaceable.
C. It can detect fires earlier and easier. D. It can reduce firefighters' pain.
14. What does Kent mean in paragraph 4
A. Firefighting is easy but crucial. B. Fire detection resources are rich.
C Putting out a fire is an orderly activity. D. Technology is the key to extinguishing a fire.
15. What's the plan for the new sensor according to Wang
A. Improving and testing it. B. Limiting its use and transmission.
C. Examing and reducing its signal range. D. Getting it on the market ahead of time.
山西省太原市2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。
A
ASTRONAUT CAMP- FLORIDA
Have you ever wanted to step into the shoes of an astronaut and experience rocket flight and cosmic(宇宙的)exploration On this journey to Florida you will come as close as possible to this experience without actually traveling into space.
Part 1-Visit the Planetarium(天文馆)
From traditional star displays and cultural shows that detail the importance of astronomy around the world, to feature presentations that show the depths of outer space, the planetarium has something for curious stargazers of all ages.
Part 2-Take Part in Mission Space
What’s it like to be an astronaut You’ll find out on Mission SPACE! Before you board, you’ll train for your mission on the X-2 Deep Space Shuttle at the International Space Training Center(ISTC).Each member of your 4-cadet(学员)crew will assume an important role: navigator, pilot, commander or engineer.
Part 3-Lunch with an Astronaut
This 90-minute encounter at the Space Center in Cape features a buffet-style lunch along with a personalized presentation from one of celebrated astronauts. At the end of the event, there’s a brief question-and-answer session, plus time for family photos with the astronaut. Astronauts describe what it's like to live in space-eating, exercising, sleeping and training. No topic is off-limits.
Part 4-Experience Rocket Flight
Enter the Shuttle Launch Experience, and recreate the feeling of a space shot in real time, from the launch pad(发射台)to orbit. Adjust before six seconds, the main engines fire up, and as the speakers say“3, 2, 1….” the rocket launches.
1. What does Mission Space include
A. Experiencing a space shot. B. Preparing for a space mission.
C. Learning how to train your crew. D. Seeing the depth of outer space.
2. In which part can you ask astronauts questions
A. At the Planetarium. B. On Mission SPACE.
C. At Lunch with an Astronaut. D. In the Shuttle Launch Experience.
3. What is the purpose of this journey
A. To show people modern star displays. B. To train people to be future astronauts
C. To provide some knowledge of planetarium. D. To help people learn more about space travel.
B
If you’re gathering your teenage kids in the living room to watch “The Falcon and the Winter Soldier” on Disney+, just know there’s a good chance they’d rather be playing “Fortnite”, a popular game.
That could totally be the case according to a new study from a consulting firm in Deloitte, which analyzed the generational divide in at-home entertainment.
The study, based on an online survey of more than 2,000 consumers, showed preferences are changing rapidly between millennials and the younger generation when it comes to how they want to spend their leisure time.
For Gen Z, defined as those born from 1997 to 2007,video - whether movies or television shows - is not a priority, the study found. 26% of Gen Zers in the survey said playing video games as their favorite entertainment activity, compared to 14% for listening to music, 12% for browsing the Internet and 11% for engaging on social media. Only 10% said they would rather watch a movie or TV show at home.
That compares to millennials (born 1983 to 1996),18% of whom chose watching movies and TV shows as their preferred mode of entertainment. Video games were the the entertainment option of choice for 16% of millennials.
“Gen Z would much rather spend time gaming, listening to music or using social media,” Jana Arbanas, entertainment leader at Deloitte, said. “That was a really alarming contrast that we saw relative to the shift that's happening and how Gen Z will impact this industry.”
“Millennials took the behaviors they developed as teenagers, and they've taken them forward into their early 30s, and so if Gen Z is anything like that, their behaviors may change slightly, but I don't see a complete aging out of their behaviors,” said Kevin Westcott, technology, media and telecom leader.
4. What does paragraph 1 tell us about teenagers today
A They are addicted to Fortnite. B. They prefer games to movies.
C. They don't like being told what to do. D. They tend to spend leisure time alone.
5. How will the entertainment industry develop according to Jana Arbanas
A. It will offer fewer games and more music. B. It will see a decline in the use of social media.
C. It will be impacted by the need of millennials. D. It will be influenced by the preference of Gen Zers.
6. What can we infer about Gen Zers from Kevin Westcott’s words
A. They may outgrow their behaviors over time.
B. They’ll stop watching movies and TV shows.
C. They may not change much in their behaviors.
D. They’ll develop the same behaviors as millennials.
7. Where is the text mostly taken from
A. A medical report. B. A shopping website.
C. A popular newspaper. D. An entertainment fiction.
C
If you have a pet, you've probably wished at some point that it could talk to you.Too bad that's impossible...or is it Alexis Devine would tell you that her dog can in a way.
Devine,an artist in Tacoma, has had Bunny, a female Sheepadoodle for a year. And in that time, Devine says she’s introduced Bunny to more than 50 words by teaching her to press buttons that play words out loud. For instance,as seen in videos,Devine has posted on social media,if Bunny wants to go to the park,she’ll press a button that says“park”.Or, if she wants to play, she’ll hit the button for“play”.Those posts on TikTok have become wildly popular with 3.4 million followers.
Devine was inspired after finding Christina Hunger,a speech-language pathologist(病理学家)who teaches her dog, Stella, how to communicate with buttons.“My goal before I got her was that I wanted to have the most connected,engaged relationship possible,”Devine said.“I feel like there's so much potential in animal relationships and I really wanted to make the most of it.”
So how does Bunny learn to use the buttons Devine said a lot of it is from repetition. Normally when Devine adds words, she’s already using the word in conversation with Bunny. The hope, she said, is that Bunny has already built an association with that word. Then, to help her learn the button’s position, Devine will repeat the word and strengthen the behavior after Bunny presses a button.
While Devine and Bunny have fun with the buttons, Devine said they communicate great without them.“I don't want to take away any of her dog-ness,” Devine said.“The buttons are super interesting and they may give us more in-depth insight into what's going on inside a dog's mind, but she already has all the tools she needs to communicate.”
8. What has Bunny learned to do
A. To communicate with buttons. B. To watch videos on social media.
C. To distinguish “park” from “play”. D. To know over 3.4 million followers
9. How did Devine teach Bunny the skill
A. By using words Bunny had already known.
B. By repeatedly associating words with buttons.
C. By turning to a language-speech pathologist.
D. By regularly changing the positions of buttons.
10. What is Devine's intention of training Bunny
A. Having an ideal relationship with her pet.
B. Catching eyes on social media like TikTok.
C. Connecting to as many animals as possible.
D. Inspiring more people to care for special dogs.
11. What does Devine mean by saying “I don't want to take away any of her dog-ness”
A. She won't teach Bunny words in the future. B. She'll continue the study about dogs’mind.
C. She enjoys talking with Bunny in other ways. D. She respects Bunny's way of communicating.
D
My phone beeped as I closed the passenger door. I knew that the text was from my friend. Robin, a poet. And I did not want to read it.
Robin had recently submitted her manuscript to several publishers and she expected a response from one soon. From my view, her writing life was already charmed: work at a celebrated workshop and publication in literary journals. I was waiting to hear back from some book consultants. Three weeks had passed since I sent them some manuscript pages. I'd returned to my state of frustration(挫败)and the familiar misery.
I needed my phone for navigation, so I had no choice but to look at the screen. “I have news.” It was Robin.“Good news…" My insides shook as I sat waiting for my husband. Can we escape
As I longed for some of Robin's magic to wear off on me, I had to figure out how to respond to her text, how to be a friend. "Is it about your manuscript ” "Yes!" she answered." We can talk later but I have a book coming out next year! I'm in shock!!!"" I cried, quietly. I dug deep to find the words friendship called for -"wonderful,""amazing,""extremely talented." But as I reread, each word felt pathetic. This time, jealousy had put a valuable friendship at risk. To overcome it, I had to face that Robin had achieved something I could not. None of my excuses - the demands of motherhood, financial pressure, ""I’m not good at this"- seemed to hold up anymore.
Two days later, I wrote to the consulting company again. They responded:"The writing is really good." I was overjoyed. Robin and I are still stairs apart on the writing-success ladder but all four of our feet are moving upward. After her book was released, she and I met over beers. I asked about her writing process; how did she create her book A clue: it wasn't magic.
12. Why was the author unwilling to read the text
A. Because she was too busy to read it. B. Because she knew Robin's response well.
C. Because she feared Robin's good news. D. Because she didn't know it was from Robin.
13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Robin's achievements in her writing life. B. The huge gap between Robin and the author.
C. Robin's contribution to the author's success. D. The author's feelings about Robin's literature.
14. What does the underlined word "pathetic" in paragraph 4 mean
A Delightful. B. Astonishing. C. Confusing. D. Useless.
15. What can we infer about Robin's book from the last paragraph
A. It is about magic. B. It took great efforts.
C It made the author jealous. D. It was an immediate success.
山西省运城市2021-202学年高三上学期期末英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
A
The best things to do in London
Discover the city with our list of the best things to do and see in London, for visitors and locals alike. From free days out to unmissable restaurants, this is your ultimate London checklist for 2021.
Admire the views from The Shard
What is it Standing 309.6 metres (1,016 feet) high, it is London’s one and only 95-storey skyscraper, and the tallest building in Western Europe.
Why go The Shard has established itself as a timeless London landmark despite being barely a handful of years old. As well as redefining the city skyline, it’s an ideal place from which to get a look at London in all its glory.
Hunt for antiques at Portobello Road Market
What is it The world’s largest antiques market, on a picturesque shopping street in Notting Hill—now traffic-free for socially distanced browsing.
Why go Although home to fruit and veg stalls too, Portobello Market is best known for the antiques and bric-à-brac stalls featuring at the Chepstow Villas end of the road. Don’t be fooled by the fold-out tables—this isn’t cheap tat and there are some serious treasures here. For more secondhand goodies, head further up the road, beyond the Westway.
Eat your way around Borough Market
What is it Dating back to the thirteenth century, London’s oldest food market is a cornucopia of gourmet goodies.
Why go It used to highlight British produce but nowadays you’ll find global traders and street-food vendors: enjoy French confit-duck sandwiches, Ethiopian stews and scotch eggs(elevated, of course).
Visit Hogwarts at the Harry Potter Studio Tour
What is it There are a whole lot of Harry Potter locations in and around London, but the Warner Bros Studio Tour in Watford is the most magical.
Why go The capital is heaving with Harry Potter hotspots. Locations like Diagon Alley were set here and scenes from the world-famous movie franchise were filmed here. There’re walking tours and photo opportunities at the actual Platform 93/4 in King’s Cross. But you can’t beat the Warner Bros Studio Tour: The Making of Harry Potter, just outside of the capital, to get up close with incredible props and sets from all eight of the HP films.
1. What do we know about the Shard
A. It is currently the tallest structure in Europe.
B. It is a 95-storey office block in the sky.
C. It allows visitors to get amazing views of London.
D. It has a long history as one of London’s landmarks.
2. Where can we go for some famous food around the globe
A. The Shard. B. Borough Market.
C. Diagon Alley. D. Portobello Road Market.
3. What features the Warner Bros Studio Tour
A. Bringing people closer to Harry Potter. B. Walking on a picturesque street.
C. Taking photos at the actual Platform 93/4. D. Gathering the majority of magicians.
B
As the Alaskan sky gradually turned dark blue, the commands to my sled dog team broke the silence. I threw a glance over my shoulder as I thundered down the frozen waterway in the sub-zero temperatures. Where was Mike, my guide I wondered if he realized I was miles away.
While out exploring in the early evening, my lead dog smelled something it couldn’t resist. Regardless of my instructions, it instinctively wheeled around and led all the other dogs in the opposite direction at full speed. In my conversations with Mike over the past few days, I’d been told that if I got lost, I would be in big trouble. There weren’t any supplies for me—no extra clothing or shelter, not to mention the firestarter, and we had seen wolf tracks regularly.
It was March the end of the Alaskan winter. A long journey from Australia had brought me to Yukon, Alaska. My hosts’ log cabin was the starting point for my 10-day adventure. Wayne and Scarlett, my hosts, lived a sustainable life. They hunted, fished, and gathered food while consciously minimizing their carbon footprint. Having enjoyed many years of exploring the Alaskan wilderness, the couple chose to help adventurers to experience the same lifestyle.
Driving a team of sled dogs is not as easy as it appears. I’d imagined it would be a very relaxing experience, in which I would ride along with a pleasant smile while gazing at the passing landscape. In reality it turned out much tougher. You must predict where your dogs would go and how the surface ahead might change.
During the journey, we stayed in a different place every night, and took care of our dog teams. These dogs can guarantee our safety and help us escape dangerous situations, so their health and well-being always rank first. After we settled, we started collecting snow for water and cutting firewood.
Luckily, I didn’t end up in the fangs (尖牙) of wolves. Mike found me sometime later. Our dog teams, in the excitement of being reunited, headed straight for each other and got tangled up in the ropes. There’s never a boring moment.
4. Why did the writer get lost
A. The lead dog was misled by Mike.
B. He failed to give instructions in time.
C. The lead dog smelled something irresistible.
D. He had a poor sense of direction in darkness.
5. How did Wayne and Scarlett live in Alaska
A. They led an eco-friendly life.
B. They lived by helping adventurers.
C. They seldom walked out of their log cabin.
D. They worked as guides for exploring Alaska.
6. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Driving a sled dog team is demanding.
B. Adventurers prefer to ride with a smile.
C. Appreciating the landscape is appealing.
D. Adventurers take care of their dog teams.
7. Which of the following can best describe the writer’s exploration in Alaska
A. Wonderful and entertaining. B. Frightening and exhausting.
C. Dangerous and painstaking. D. Adventurous and interesting.
C
Today the paper industry has, like many others, been hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. But the industry is expected to bounce back in 2022, and by 2023, it’s predicted to reach new heights of $1, 031 billion. Here’s how that might happen.
The world was affected by the Great Toilet Paper Shortage of 2020, as people rushed to pile up this bathroom product. In reality, there was never a true shortage. It’s not clear exactly why the mass hysteria occurred.
To nobody’s surprise, today the tissue market is still booming. Demand for toilet paper, tissues and paper towels has been growing for years. As an added bonus, many companies are now branching out into medical tissue papers. Some have temporarily switched to surgical face masks and gowns to meet the demand for personal protection equipment.
But there’s more surprising medical use for paper: rapid tests. The system is widely used for many routine tests, such as to detect pregnancy and HIV. And there are already rapid tests out there that use paper to identify if a person has developed antibodies to Covid-19.
Equally, food hygiene has become more of a concern. There has been a sharp decrease in the number of customers wanting to reach into a pot to fetch spoons, forks or straws for obvious reasons, causing restaurants to use more and more disposable packaging. Meanwhile, schools have started to provide paper lunch boxes so that students don’t need to eat all together in a canteen.
Then there’s art. After months of lockdowns and disruption to social calendar, practical hobbies such as DIY, crafts, art and baking have recently experienced a renaissance. Some paper companies have seen more interest in paper for education, art and design.
Of course, some aspects of paper production have taken more of a hit.
“We supply a lot of paper that ends up in hotel, so we’ve seen a drop in sales,” says Nick Bizzell, the director of London-based Bizzell Paper. But Bizzell is still optimistic. He pointed out that demand for certain types of paper, such as the A4 kind used in offices, has been shrinking for decades, after losing the battle against computers. But overall the paper industry is growing.
Paper is now protecting us from viral infections and boredom, and it will always be a valuable material in our life.
8. What does the underlined phrase “the mass hysteria” probably refer to
A. The mass production of toilet paper in 2020.
B. The true shortage of toilet paper caused by the public.
C. The effect of Covid-19 on the paper industry.
D. The unreasonable storage of toilet paper among the public.
9 Which of the following have witnessed an increasing demand for paper
A. Rapid tests and physical checkup.
B. Surgical face masks and eating tools.
C. Medical protection equipment and food packaging.
D. The treatment of Covid-19 and pregnancy detection.
10. What causes more use of paper in art
A. Being unable to socialize.
B. The promotion of paper companies.
C. Being interested in art education.
D. The marketing strategies of paper companies.
11. What’s the text mainly about
A. Paper industry on the decline.
B. Paper industry in the recovery.
C. The blow of Covid-19 to the paper industry.
D. The effect of medicine on the paper industry.
D
Children aren’t the only ones who can benefit from naps. After hours of working, many adults feel sleepy at noon and find themselves in desperate need of a recharge. But instead of grabbing a cup of coffee, it may be more worthwhile to combat sleepiness with sleep.
A power nap can “provide the refreshment you need if you’re struggling to stay alert or haven’t had a good night’s sleep,” explains Rebecca Robbins, a sleep scientist. A power nap “gives people the chance to rest for a short period of time to boost workplace productivity,” she says, but they are only beneficial when they are done correctly.
How long should a power nap be Sleep experts say that power naps should be quick and refreshing to increase alertness throughout the day. “You don’t have to go to sleep fully.” says James Maas, a former professor and chair of psychology at Cornell University who coined the term “power nap” more than 50 years ago. “It’s an opportunity to shut your eyes, breathe slowly and recharge.” For most people, 15 minutes should be enough to power through the rest of the work day. However, Maas cautions that lengthier naps are counterproductive and even harmful. “Never nap for 60 minutes. If you power nap any time longer than 40 minutes, you’re going to wake up feeling dizzy for another hour or so.”
Shelby Harris, a clinical psychologist, adds that the best time to have your power nap is between 1 p.m. and 3 p.m., because napping any later in the day “can interfere with your sleep at night.”
In contrast to coffee or soda, which is likely to “damage your sleep at night and only offer short term energy for about 30 minutes,” Robbins says a power nap is a healthier alternative to improve workplace performance, strengthen memory and boost creativity. Harris adds naps have long-term health benefits too, such as improving your mood and aiding in stress management. “Power naps can reduce accidents and mistakes while also improving attention, alertness, concentration and performance. They can even be used effectively to combat drowsy driving when a short nap is taken just before getting behind the wheel,” she says.
12. How can we fight sleepiness after hours of working at noon
A. By drinking a cup of coffee. B. By having a power nap.
C. By getting a good night’s sleep. D. By listening to music.
13. Which is the best choice for a power nap
A. 15minutes between 1 a.m. and 3 a.m. B. 40 minutes between 1 a.m. and 3 a.m.
C. 15 minutes between 2 p.m. and 3 p.m. D. 40 minutes between 2 p.m. and 3 p.m.
14. What do Robbions and Harris mainly convey
A. The benefits of power naps. B. The damage coffee and soda do to you.
C. Means of reducing accidents and mistakes. D. Ways to improve workplace performance.
15. What can be the best title for the passage
A. Power naps’ cons B. The benefits of coffee
C. When we should take a power nap D. How to benefit from a power nap
山西省晋中市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
第一节 （（共15小题;每小题3分, 满分45分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Visit Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
With exhibits, artwork, and bird-friendly gardens, the Blair Audubon Visitor Center serves as the gateway to a gentle, primitive wilderness with giant cypress trees that have lived here for nearly 600 years.
Timed entry: daily 8 am.一l pm. The boardwalk closes at 3 pm.
Admission Fees
General admission: $17 Full-time college
student : $10 Children 6 to 14:$6
Children under six: FREE
Friends of Corkscrew members: FREE
Members of the US Military:$14
Enhanced Safety Procedures
Reservation is required for all visitors. No walk-ins will be accepted.
Masks are required inside the Blair A udubon Visitor Center.
Social distancing markers are installed. Please follow CDC social distancing guidelines by staying six feet apart.
Temporary closures: Gallery Café, Discovery Center.
The Nature Store is open. You can also visit our online Nature Store!
On-site public programs are not available but virtual programming is offered.
If you are sick, please stay home.
Inclement（恶劣的）Weather
Tickets are not refunded for light rain. However, in the event of severe or unsafe weather, the boardwalk may be closed, and programs will be cancelled. In this case, tickets can be refunded or transferred to another day and time. Call 239-348-9151 or email cssnaturestore@audubon. org.
Thank you for visiting Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary!
21. How much should a couple with an 8-year-old boy pay to visit Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
A. $17. B. $23. C. $34. D. $40.
22. What should visitors do according to safety procedures
A. Book tickets in advance.
B. Maintain a 5-foot social distance.
C. Watch live public programs.
D. Visit the Nature Store despite their illness.
23. What would cause a ref und
A. Mild rainfall. B. Heavy storm. C. Cloudy sky. D. Light wind.
B
Twenty-one years ago, Eric Moussambani became the first swimmer from Equatorial Guinea, one of the smallest countries on the African continent, to compete in the Olympics. He recorded the slowest men's 100m freestyle ever in the Olympics, swimming so slowly that he almost drowned, but he left a deep impression on the audience.
As Moussambani prepared for Sydney, he conducted most of his training in a hotel pool, which was only 13 meters long and fell far short of Olympic level. He spent time in rivers and lakes. Moreover, his coaching came from fishermen, who tried to adjust Moussambani's arm and leg movements to prevent sinking.
Upon his arrival in Sydney, Moussambani was struck by the sights of the foreign city and the size of the Olympic Village. But Moussambani was overwhelmed by the Olympic pool, which was surrounded by seating for 17, 500 audience. "When I saw the swimming pool for the first time, I was so scared. The pool was so big for me, "he said.
Of three swimmers, the other two swimmers were disqualified for starting the race too early, leaving a frightened Moussambani as the only man in his race. Although he maintained a consistent speed during the opening section, he couldn't be in a harmonious breathing pattern. In the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat so much that those on the sidelines（两侧场外区域）considered jumping in and helping him out of the water. Finally, Moussambani touched the wall, stopping the clock in 1:52:72.
Of course, there was no medal awarded to Moussambani. But he was treated as a celebrity for his inspiring swim. "The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning, but tak-ing part. The essential thing in life is not conquering, but fighting well. "The description fits Moussambani perfectly. Anyone can be inspired by what Moussambani achieved because we've all been where he was. On his own, out of his depth, and just trying to stay afloat.
24. What can we know about Moussambani
A. He was the first swimmer from Africa.
B. He practiced in standard swimming pools.
C. He set the slowest time in men's 100m freestyle.
D. He accepted training from professional coaches.
25. What does the underlined word "overwhelmed" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Amazed. B. Excited. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.
26. Why did people consider helping him out of the water
A. He broke the rules. B. He was disqualified.
C. He seemed nearly drowned. D. He kept a consistent speed.
27. Which of the following best describes Moussambani
A. Caring and humorous. B. Aggressive and demanding.
C. Generous and hardworking. D. Persevering and determined.
C
Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new white paint that can reflect over 95 percent of sunlight, which can cool the surface even lower than the surrounding temperature. Painted on a building, the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use.
Many different reflective cooling paints have been developed over the years, but they all have their disadvantages. For the new study, the Purdue researchers developed a new method—using calcium carbonate（碳酸钙）fillers, which are much richer, cheaper, and absorb less ultraviolet （紫外线的）light. And the new reflective cooling paint can give off more sunlight一reflecting 95. 5 percent of the light that strikes it. That's better than many of the other paints in development, which manage between 80 and 90 percent, although it falls short of the record holder—the Teflon coating, which reflects 98 percent of light.
The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days, and showed that under direct sun-light it remained 1. 7℃ below the surrounding temperature. In another set of tests, the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint, and others with a regular white paint of the same thickness. Using a special camera, they could see the pattern clearly, thanks to the difference in temperature between the two materials.
The team says that the new paint could not only help cool buildings, but prevent outdoor electrical systems from overheating. But to ensure that it is commercially practicable, the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the environment.
"The cost of our paint may be comparable to other commercial paints or even lower than them, "says Xiulin Ruan, an author of the study. "The key is to ensure the reliability of the paint so that it is workable in long-term outdoor applications. "
28. What's the advantage of the new paint
A. Absorbing enough sunlight. B. Developing new energy.
C. Lowering cooling costs. D. Improving electrical system.
29. How did the researchers study the effect of the new paint
A. By analyzing special pictures. B. By conducting field tests.
C. By collecting temperature data. D. By assessing its nature.
30. What can we infer from the result of the research
A. The paint still needs testing. B. The paint can be used for long.
C. The paint is incomparable. D. The paint has reliable performance.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. A new white paint helps cool building.
B. Researchers lower the costs of paints.
C. A regular paint solves heat consumption.
D. Environment-friendly paints come into market.
D
Sales of electric vehicles (EVs) grew by 40 percent last year worldwide. In the US, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to be launched by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lists before this decade is done.
Though some EVs are still eye-wateringly expensive, plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that many states offer additional buying payment if you're switching to an electric vehicle. Some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit of up to $7, 500. Then there are the long-term savings. A typical EV owner spends less than a traditional car owner on vehicle services. One reason is that EVs don't have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair.
EVs go without the classic vroom（加速时发出的呜呜声）we expect to hear when we floor it. That quietness can catch pedestrians off guard and strikes some drivers as terrible. That's why several electric automakers have turned to sound designers to copy these desired engine noises.
You can run an electric car through a car wash without worry. The water will not damage any of the electrical components or the battery because these systems are specially sealed to prevent water entry. What you do need to watch out for, however, is extreme cold or heat. Both will affect the battery and reduce an EV's range.
While EVs produce far fewer emissions than conventional cars do, they aren't without environmental influence. Coal is still burned to create the electricity that charges them. And EV production is emission intensive（密集排放型）. So power systems need to become carbon-free and EV batteries need to fully become recyclable before EVs can be truly emission-free.
32. What can we know about EVs from Paragraph 1
A. Their trend is uncertain. B. Their future is promising.
C. Their producers are declining. D. Their purest ones are launched.
33. Which aspect encourages people to buy EVs
A. Lack of expensive parts. B. Long-term free repair fees.
C. The government's support. D. The additional buying payment.
34. What should people pay special attention to when driving the EVs
A. Quiet passers-by. B. The water damage.
C. The extreme temperature. D. Batteries' short life.
35. What can be a suitable title of the passage
A. Recyclable Electrical Vehicles Win Markets
B. Driving Electrical Vehicles Will Be Common
C. Electrical Vehicles Are Within Reach in the US
D. Keep Current with Facts About Electric Vehicles
答案：
山西省2021-2022学年高三上学期期末适应性测试英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文。文章介绍了参观科克斯洛沼泽保护区的注意事项。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Admission Fees的内容可知，一对夫妇需要支付费用为：17×2=34美元，一个8岁的孩子的费用为6美元，总计费用为：17×2+6=40美元。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Enhanced Safety Procedures中的“Reservation is required for all visitors.（所有访客都需要预订）”，可知，所有游客需提前订票。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Inclement（恶劣的）Weather中的内容“Tickets are not refunded for light rain. However, in the event of severe or unsafe weather, the boardwalk may be closed, and programs will be cancelled. In this case, tickets can be refunded or transferred to another day and time.（小雨不退票。 然而，在恶劣或不安全的天气情况下，木板路可能会关闭，节目将被取消。 在这种情况下，可以退票或转到另一天或另一时间）”，可知，极其恶劣或不安全的天气导致木板路的关闭和节目的取消，这样才能退款，而暴风雨属于恶劣天气，故选B。
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了奥运赛场上游得最慢的人埃里克·穆桑巴尼用自己的毅力和决心完成游泳比赛的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“He recorded the slowest men's 100m freestyle ever in the Olympics（他创造了奥运会男子100米自由泳史上最慢的成绩）”可知，他创造了有史以来男子100米自由泳比赛最慢的速度，故选C项
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段最后一句穆桑巴尼所说的话“When I saw the swimming pool for the first time, I was so scared. The pool was so big for me（当我第一次看到游泳池的时候，我很害怕。游泳池对我来说太大了）”可知，他震惊于奥运泳池的庞大。“overwhelmed”意思是吃惊。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“…he couldn't be in a harmonious breathing pattern. In the final half of the race, he struggled to stay afloat so much that…considered jumping in and helping him out of the water.（他的呼吸模式不和谐。在比赛的后半段，他挣扎着浮在水面上，以至于考虑跳进水里帮助他出水。）”可知，他在水里努力漂浮，大家看到后觉得他可能会有生命危险，他好像快淹死了，所以考虑帮他脱离水面，故选C项
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Twenty-one years ago, Eric Moussambani became the first swimmer from Equatorial Guinea, one of the smallest countries on the African. continent, to compete in the Olympics. He recorded the slowest men's 100m freestyle ever in the Olympics, swimming so slowly that he almost drowned, but he left a deep impression on the audience. （21年前，Eric Moussambani成为来自赤道几内亚的第一位游泳运动员，赤道几内亚是非洲最小的国家之一。为了参加奥运会。他创造了奥运会男子100米自由泳史上最慢的成绩，游得很慢，差点淹死，但他给观众留下了深刻的印象。）”以及最后一段“Anyone can be inspired by what Moussambani achieved because we've all been where he was. On his own, out of his depth, and just trying to stay afloat.（任何人都可以被穆萨巴尼的成就所鼓舞，因为我们都曾经历过他的经历。靠自己，脱离自己的深度，努力保持漂浮状态）”可知文章讲述埃里克·穆桑巴尼虽然没有经过专业的训练参加奥运会，但通过自己的毅力和决心完成比赛的故事，故选D项。
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的油漆，该油漆能有效降低建筑物温度，从而减少成本和能源消耗。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Painted on a building, the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use.( 涂在建筑物上，这种新油漆有助于降低冷却成本和能源使用。)”可知，该油漆可以帮助减少降温成本和能源消耗，故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days, and showed that under direct sun- light it remained 1. 7℃ below the surrounding temperature. In another set of tests, the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint, and others with a regular white paint of the same thickness.( 该小组在户外用了两天的时间测试了这种新涂层，显示在直射阳光下，它仍旧低于周围温度1.7℃。在另一组测试中，研究人员用新油漆绘制了图案的某些部分，而另一些则用相同厚度的普通白色油漆绘制。)”可推断，研究人员做了实地测试来研究该油漆的性能，故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“But to ensure that it is commercially practicable, the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the environment.( 但为了确保它在商业上是可行的，研究人员下一步计划研究它在环境中的持续效果。)”可知，研究人员接下来计划研究该油漆在环境中的持久性，所以该油漆还需要被测试，故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new white paint that can reflect over 95 percent of sunlight, which can cool the surface even lower than the surrounding temperature. Painted on a building, the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use.(普渡大学的研究人员开发了一种新的白色涂料，可以反射超过95%的阳光，它可以冷却表面，甚至低于周围的温度。涂在建筑上,这种新油漆有助于降低冷却成本和能源使用。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型可以给建筑物降温的油漆，故选A项。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了电动汽车的最新情况。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Sales of electric vehicles（EVs）grew by 40 percent last year worldwide.（去年全球电动汽车的销量增长了40%。）”以及“Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to be launched by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lists before this decade is done.（到2024年底，将有近100辆纯电动汽车上市。包括通用汽车(GM)、吉普(Jeep)和沃尔沃(Volvo)在内的许多制造商都承诺在这十年结束前提供完整的电动汽车清单。）”可知，电动汽车去年很畅销，销量增加了40%，目前有很多车企计划十年之内提供全电力的电动汽车，可以说电动汽车是非常有市场前景的，故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that many states offer additional buying payment if you're switching to an electric vehicle. Some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit of up to$7,500.（在评估电动汽车的成本时，请记住，如果你转用电动汽车，许多州会提供额外的购买费用。有些型号甚至可以让你享受最高7500美元的联邦税收抵免）”可知，如果你要换成电动汽车，许多州都会提供额外的购买费用。有些车型甚至可以让你获得高达7500美元的联邦税收抵免。政府的支持在鼓励人们购买电动车方面起了很大作用，故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“What you do need to watch out for, however, is extreme cold or heat. Both will affect the battery and reduce an EV's range.（然而，你需要注意的是极端的寒冷或炎热。这两者都会影响电池，并缩短电动汽车的续航里程）”可知，极冷或者极热都是人们驾驶电动汽车时需要特别注意的地方，故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to be launched by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lists before this decade is done.（到2024年底，将有近100辆纯电动汽车上市。包括通用汽车(GM)、吉普(Jeep)和沃尔沃(Volvo)在内的许多制造商都承诺在这十年结束前提供完整的电动汽车清单。）”说明电动汽车是非常有市场前景的；后文提到了电动汽车市场的受欢迎度，并对目前形势进行了细致的分析，D项：Keep Current with Facts About Electric Vehicles（了解有关电动汽车的最新情况）表示“了解有关电动汽车的最新情况”，更符合文意，故选D项
山西省怀仁市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末调研英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三部电影——《早餐俱乐部》、《红粉佳人》和《独领风骚》。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Breakfast Club部分的“Five high school students with nothing in common are forced to spend an entire Saturday together in detention (拘留).(5名没有共同点的高中生被迫一起度过整整一个星期六)可知，《早餐俱乐部》这部动画片是关于几个学生的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二部分Pretty in Pink. Starred by Howard Deutch, 1986可知，《红粉佳人》是Howard Deutch主演的。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Breakfast Chb部分中的Five high school students , Pretty in Pink部分中的the plot-rich boy and poor girl以及Chueless部分中的one of the most popular girls at Beverly Hills High School 可知, 《早餐俱乐部》、《红粉佳人》和《独领风骚》是三部关于青少年的电影。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。意大利书商Michele Gentile发起了一项“拿瓶换书”的活动，只要孩子们拿一个塑料瓶和一个铝罐就可以跟他换一本书，以此来鼓励孩子们阅读和环保。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的He said he thought of the recycling program, because he wanted to inspire children in the small town to read and pay attention to the environment. (他说他想到了环保的项目，他想启发和鼓励这个小镇的孩子们阅读和关注环保)可知，Michele的目的是鼓励和启发孩子们阅读和环保。D. To inspire reading and recycling. (鼓励阅读和环保)符合以上说法。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. (这个倡议的想法是在和附近的一个中学合作铝回收项目之后产生的)可知，和一所中学合作铝回收的项目让Michele有了这个想法。A. Working with a school to recycle cans. (和一所学校合作铝罐回收)符合以上说法。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段的The free books come from customers in Gentile' s shop who have donated money to purchase a ''suspended" book. (这些免费图书来自于Gentile书店的顾客，他们捐钱买了一本“暂停使用”的书)可知，书店的顾客为图书付了钱。D. His customers. (他的顾客)符合以上说法。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to recycle. (一位名叫Michele Gentile的书商正在为孩子们提供可回收的塑料瓶可以换得的免费书籍)可知，本文主要讲述Michele Gentile让孩子通过可回收利用的塑料瓶来换免费书籍的故事。B. Recycling Can Get Kids Free Books. (可循环的罐子让孩子得到免费书籍)可以作为本文标题。故选B项。
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了Jimmy Gilleece的酒吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。Jimmy Gilleece找到了捡到钱包的年轻人Rivers Prather，但是Rivers Prather拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。Gilleece觉得Prather只是个孩子，于是决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，Prather也被撤销了指控。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中She didn’t care about her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her wedding ring was inside. (她不在乎她的身份证、信用卡或150美元现金——但她的结婚戒指在里面)可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet into the ocean. (他说他看到了戒指，但认为是假的，所以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海)可知Prather得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Seeing the teenager’s small build, Gilleece thought he was more of a kid than a criminal. However, because of the missing ring, Prather could be put into prison.(看到这个少年的小个子，Gilleece觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，Prather可能会被关进监狱)可知Gilleece帮助Prather是因为他认为Prather是个可原谅的孩子。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中When Gilleece called the wallet’s owner, she burst into tears and immediately dropped the charge against Prather for stealing the ring. (当Gilleece打电话给钱包的主人时，她哭了起来，并立即撤销了对Prather偷戒指的指控)可知接下来Prather不会被那个女人指控。故选B。
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了中国人民大学化学家王亚培为首的研究人员表示，他们已经开发出一种廉价的传感器，可以更早地探测火灾。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“Wildfires have recently destroyed the forests across the world”（野火最近摧毁了全世界的森林）可知，野火的严重性正在增加。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“严重性”。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The team says its new sensor can be placed near tree trunks' bases and send a wireless signal to a nearby receiver if there is a quick temperature increase.”（该小组表示，如果气温迅速升高，他们的新传感器可以放置在树干底部附近，并向附近的接收器发送无线信号）由此判断出，传感器可以更早更容易地探测到火灾。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“You'd have to choreograph(设计)it just so, with resources accurately used at the right time and place and in the right order from detection to confirmation to assignment to extinguishment(熄灭).”（你应对火灾直到它被扑灭的整个过程就像一场芭蕾舞。”“你必须精心设计，在正确的时间和地点，以正确的顺序，从探测到确认，到分配到消灭，准确地使用资源）由此可知，Kent认为扑灭火灾是一项有秩序的活动。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wang says his team's next steps are to extend the device's signal range beyond the current 100 meters, which can limit practical use, and to develop a protective shield（防护罩） for it. The transmitter's effectiveness, he notes, will also need to be examined in the field ahead.” （王说，他的团队的下一步是将该设备的信号范围扩展到目前100米以外，这可能会限制实际使用，并为其开发一种保护罩。他指出，发射机的有效性还需要在未来的领域进行检验）由此可知，新传感器的计划是改进和测试。故选A项。
山西省太原市2021-2022 学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了来自佛罗里达的太空营体验项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Part 2-Take Part in Mission Space部分关键句“Before you board, you’ll train for your mission on the X-2 Deep Space Shuttle at the International Space Training Center(ISTC).”（在你登机之前，你将在国际空间训练中心的X-2深空航天飞机上接受任务训练。）可知，Mission Space包括为太空任务做准备。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Part 3-Lunch with an Astronaut部分关键句“At the end of the event, there’s a brief question-and-answer session, plus time for family photos with the astronaut.”（活动结束时，会有一个简短的问答环节，还有与宇航员合影的时间。）可知，Lunch with an Astronaut部分能向宇航员提问。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段关键句“Have you ever wanted to step into the shoes of an astronaut and experience rocket flight and cosmic exploration On this journey to Florida you will come as close as possible to this experience without actually traveling into space.”（你曾经想过成为一名宇航员，体