天津市部分区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：单项填空（含解析）
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天津市部分区
2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
单项填空
天津市和平区2021-2022学年高二上学期线上期末质量检测英语试题
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Some species of animals have died out because they could not _____ to a changing environment.
A. adopt B. live C. survive D. adapt
2. The couple were invited to the state banquet, ________was a great honour to them.
A. who B. when
C. which D. where
3. It is really________to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.
A. worthwhile B. worthy
C. workaday D. lifelong
4. 【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling
C. Having traveled D. Traveled
5. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and finally her persistence ________.
A. paid off B. took off C. got off D. called off
6. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are essential in staying________.
A. connecting B. connected
C. being connected D. to connect
7. —Did you hear the noise downstairs this afternoon What was that
—Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine________then.
A. has tested B. had tested
C. was tested D. was being tested
8. —I just love living here in London. I mean, the culture, the parks, the restaurants...
— , it's not the cheapest place to live.
A. To put it another way B. To be fair
C. To put it simply D. To make things worse
9. I didn’t get into the two-hour quarrel; I know how it ______, though.
A. would break out B. has broken out C. was breaking out D. had broken out
10. —What do you think of Tom
—________his brother, he is always considerate in his treatment of others.
A. In terms of B. On account of
C. In agreement with D. In contrast to
天津市河东区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
Ⅱ. 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ----Are you going to take part in the speech contest
----_______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.
A. No problem! B. That’s for sure
C. Why me D. Why bother
2. It’s not an urgent matter. Let’s ______ it ______ for the moment.
A. take...over B. lay...aside C. max...out D. bring...forth
3. ______ the fire broke out all the students were sleeping soundly.
A. Because B. In case C. When D. As long as
4. Shortly afterwards, I noticed to my satisfaction that their work ______.
A. was been improved B. has been improved
C. had been improved D. was being improve
5. His rude behavior was really a ______, which made his friends embarrassed.
A. virtue B. vision C. leisure D. disgrace
6. Please don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I ______ my class then.
A. will have B. will be having C. have had D. was having
7. If you get up early, try not to ______ everyone else.
A. disturb B. approve C. occupy D. expand
8. New teaching equipment is ______ needed for the development of the school.
A. humbly B. nobly C. urgently D. deliberately
9. ______ is becoming more and more important for us to master the skills of computers.
A. It B. That C. This D. What
10. Mr Smith ______ a book which will probably be completed next month.
A. writes B. has written C. will be writing D. has been writing
11. The work he devoted himself to ______ people a lot.
A. benefiting B. benefited C. benefit D. being benefited
12. I ______ at this time last year, and now I’ve been a teacher for a whole year.
A was interviewing B. was being interviewed
C. had been interviewed D. interviewed
13. Be careful with the plate; it’s very ______.
A. delicate B. suitable C. organic D. rewarding
14. He left his hometown for Canada last year ______ a better life.
A. in memory of B. in search of C. in favour of D. in control of
15. — Do you enjoy your present job
— ______. I just do it for a living.
A. Of course B. Not likely C. Quite right D. I hope not
天津市河西区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ______ more patients to be treated.
A. to allow B. allowing C. allowed D. having allowed
2. They may have to widen the road to ______ the increase in traffic.
A. get rid of B. cope with C. consist of D. rely on
3. Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help ______ my colleagues.
A. in terms of B. in common with C. in addition to D. on behalf of
4. ----Could you meet me at the airport
---I’d like to, but I’m afraid I a very important meeting when you return.
A. am attending B. was attending
C will be attending D. will have attended
5. ______ I’m unhappy, my friends always stand by me and cheer me up.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Whoever
6. My grandma ______ her good health ______ her regular exercise.
A. releases...into B. owes...to C. transforms...into D. removes...from
7. I believe ______ no use reading without full understanding.
A. that B. this C. it D. you
8. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. whose C. its D. whom
9. ---Jenny is becoming slimmer and slimmer.
---- It is said that she hired a fitness instructor last year and _____ since.
A. is working out B. worked out C. has been working out D. had worked out
10. In Zhangjiajie’s Zhoushan, all water traffic and tourist attractions ______ by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.
A. has been closed B. were closed C. had been closed D. have closed
天津市红桥区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16. —I’d like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!
—OK, _______.
A. help yourself B. You will certainly make it
C. just do what you like D. I’ll make sure you get one
17. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his book there ever since.
A. has been writing B. wrote
C. had written D. is writing
18. The book won’t be published until next year, ________ is disappointing.
A. which B. when C. why D. that
19. Grandma said she was feeling okay, but I think I could ________ a bit of sadness in the way she was speaking.
A. experience B. detect C. show D. suffer
20. He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
A. approve B. cherish C. devote D. digest
21. Only a quarter of the students were ________ the proposal while a half of them were against it.
A. in need of B. in favour of C. in charge of D. in search of
22. She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years.
A. popped up B. carried on C. set out D. turned over
23. To avoid costly mistakes, we won’t make a decision until everyone ________ at the meeting.
A. makes a mark B. makes a change C. has a quarrel D. has a say
24. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A. will teach B. would teach
C. has taught D. will be teaching
25. I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan ________ in the past two years.
A. would be carried out B. was carried out
C. had been carried out D. is being carried out
天津市部分区（武清区等）2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
1. —Don’t worry Dad. The doctor said it was only the flu.
— ! I will tell your mum there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I don’t care
2. The pilot began a desperate race________ time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel. Fortunately, he made it eventually.
A. over B. against C. for D. with
3. MSF is an independent organization mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflicts, epidemics or disasters.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
4. There was no light in the room and it took me a few seconds to the darkness.
A. lead to B. tend to C. adjust to D. appeal to
5. You have scolded her for her failure. After all, she had tried her best.
A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
6. It’s hard for traditional book stores to with large bookstore chains.
A. compete B. complete C. commit D. consist
7. football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A. Whether B. That C. Why D. How
8. The Natural History Museum has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies to dinosaurs.
A. to range B. ranged C. ranging D. range
9. When I came back home for the summer holiday, I found that my room up.
A. cleaned B. was cleaned C. had cleaned D. had been cleaned
10. Please give us plenty of notice if you have to cancel an ________.
A. argument B. appointment C. assumption D. assistance
11. We will have to rely more on ________ energy, such as solar and wind power.
A. complex B. illegal C. alternative D. financial
12. Mrs. White lives in the flat alone and the dog has been her ______ in the past ten years.
A. combination B. companion C. connection D. consideration
13. Let’s make joint efforts to protect the environment and live ________ nature.
A. in contrast to B. in memory of C. in harmony with D. in control of
14. ________ you’ve set you mind on the goal, you must make every effort to get it achieved in spite of challenges.
A. Now that B. As if C. Unless D. In case
15. —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
答案：
天津市和平区2021-2022学年高二上学期线上期末质量检测英语试题
1. Some species of animals have died out because they could not _____ to a changing environment.
A. adopt B. live C. survive D. adapt
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些动物已经灭绝了，因为它们不能适应不断变化的环境。A. adopt 领养，采纳；B.live 居住；C. survive 生存；D. adapt 适应。 adapt to ...意为“适应......”,，故选D。
2. The couple were invited to the state banquet, ________was a great honour to them.
A. who B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这对夫妇被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。A. who关系代词，指人；B. when关系副词，指时间；C. which关系代词，指物；D. where关系副词，指地点。分析句子可知，前句是主句，空格处引导的句子是定语从句，从句缺主语，用关系代词；又根据句意可知，空格处指代“这对夫妇被邀请参加国宴这件事”，应用关系代词which，故选C项。
3. It is really________to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.
A. worthwhile B. worthy
C. workaday D. lifelong
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在申请之前亲自去他们想去的大学参观是非常值得的。A.worthwhile值得的；B.worthy值得的；C.workaday工作日的；D.lifelong终身的。由“pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying”可知，在申请之前亲自去他们想去的大学参观是非常值得的，it is worthwhile to do是固定短语，意为“值得做”，因此空格处是worthwhile，故选A。
4. 【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling
C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
5. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and finally her persistence ________.
A. paid off B. took off C. got off D. called off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的坚持终于得到了回报。A. paid off 回报，取得成功；B. took off 起飞、脱下；C. got off 下车；D. called off 取消。根据句意可知，Sandra立志成为一名医生，在不懈的努力下她取得了成功，一份耕耘一分收获，努力得到了回报，故选A项。
6. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are essential in staying________.
A. connecting B. connected
C. being connected D. to connect
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些家庭成员远离的人来说，个人电脑和电话是保持联系的必要手段。A. connecting 联系（动名词，现在分词）； B.connected 联系（过去分词作形容词）； C. being connected 与...联系（动名词） D.to connect联系（不定式）。空前stay为系动词，意为：保持...状态。（be) connected with是固定短语，意为"与……保持联系、联络"，其中connected可以看作表示状态的形容词，用作表语。故选B项。
7. —Did you hear the noise downstairs this afternoon What was that
—Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine________then.
A. has tested B. had tested
C. was tested D. was being tested
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语。句意：---你今天下午听到楼下的噪音了吗？那是什么啊？---是的。我忘了告诉你了。一台新机器当时正在被检测。根据句子结构和意思可知，时间状语“then”表示“在那时”，主语“A new machine”和动词“test”是被动关系，所以这里考查过去进行时的被动语态结构，而且be动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
8. —I just love living here in London. I mean, the culture, the parks, the restaurants...
— , it's not the cheapest place to live.
A. To put it another way B. To be fair
C. To put it simply D. To make things worse
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我就是喜欢住在伦敦。我是说，文化、公园、餐馆……——说句公道话，伦敦并不是生活成本最低的城市。A. To put it another way换一种方式；B. To be fair说句公道话；C. To put it simply简单地说；D. To make things worse。更糟糕的是。根据“it's not the cheapest place to live.”可知，伦敦并不是生活成本最低的城市是一句句公道话。故选B项。
9. I didn’t get into the two-hour quarrel; I know how it ______, though.
A. would break out B. has broken out C. was breaking out D. had broken out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我没有卷入两个小时的争吵，但是我知道它是如何爆发的。根据句意，吵架是过去的事情，它发生应该是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故选D。
10. —What do you think of Tom
—________his brother, he is always considerate in his treatment of others.
A. In terms of B. On account of
C. In agreement with D. In contrast to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：与他的兄弟不同，他在处理和别人的关系时总是很周到。A. in terms of就......而言；B. on account of因为，由于；C. in agreement with与......一致；D. in contrast to与……形成对照。由句意可知，此处是将Tom和他的哥哥作比较，应用短语in contrast to。故选D项。
天津市河东区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
1. ----Are you going to take part in the speech contest
----_______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.
A. No problem! B. That’s for sure
C. Why me D. Why bother
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】本题考查情景交际。解题步骤：1. 确定各选项意思：A. No problem! 没问题！ B. That’s for sure.肯定； C. Why me 为什么是我？ D. Why bother 干嘛要费事？2. 确定答案：根据回答中It’s too good an opportunity to miss.可知表示肯定会参加。句意：---你打算要参加演讲比赛吗？---一定参加。这个机会太难得了不容错过。故选B。
2. It’s not an urgent matter. Let’s ______ it ______ for the moment.
A. take...over B. lay...aside C. max...out D. bring...forth
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边。A. take...over接管；B. lay...aside把……放在一边；C. max...out达到最高极限；D. bring...forth生产，产出。根据“not an urgent matter”可知，这件事可以暂时放到一边，lay...aside“把……放在一边”，符合句意。故选B项。
3. ______ the fire broke out, all the students were sleeping soundly.
A. Because B. In case C. When D. As long as
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：当火灾发生时，所有的学生都在熟睡。A. Because因为；B. In case以防；C. When当……时候；D. As long as只要。结合句意可知，这里用when引导的时间状语从句。故选C。
4. Shortly afterwards, I noticed to my satisfaction that their work ______.
A. was been improved B. has been improved
C. had been improved D. was being improve
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：不久之后，我满意地注意到他们的工作有了改进。本句为宾语从句，从句的动作发生在主句过去动作noticed之前，所以用过去完成时。从句主语their work与improve之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
5. His rude behavior was really a ______, which made his friends embarrassed.
A. virtue B. vision C. leisure D. disgrace
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B. vision视力，视觉；C. leisure闲暇；D. disgrace耻辱，丢脸。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassed”可知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。故选D。
6. Please don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I ______ my class then.
A. will have B. will be having C. have had D. was having
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天8点到10点之间请不要给我打电话。那时我正在上课。此处then指带前文的时间状语“between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow.”，由此可知，空处谓语动词需用将来进行时态：will be doing，表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。故选B。
7. If you get up early, try not to ______ everyone else.
A. disturb B. approve C. occupy D. expand
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰到其他人。A.disturb打扰；B.approve批准；C.occupy占据；D.expand扩大。根据常识判断，如果起得早要做到尽量不要打扰到其他人，空格处意“打扰”，故选A。
8. New teaching equipment is ______ needed for the development of the school.
A. humbly B. nobly C. urgently D. deliberately
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校的发展急需新的教学设备。A. humbly恭顺地；B. nobly尊贵地；C. urgently紧急地；D. deliberately故意地。根据“the development of the school”可知，为了学校的发展，新的教学设备是急需的。故选C。
9. ______ is becoming more and more important for us to master the skills of computers.
A. It B. That C. This D. What
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：对我们来说，掌握计算机技能变得越来越重要。It is important for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是……，固定句型，此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。故选A。
10. Mr Smith ______ a book, which will probably be completed next month.
A. writes B. has written C. will be writing D. has been writing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：史密斯先生一直在写一本书，可能下个月就能写完。根据“will probably be completed next month”可知，Mr Smith一直在写这本书，结合选项，应使用现在完成进行时态，表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并还将继续下去。故选D项。
11. The work he devoted himself to ______ people a lot.
A. benefiting B. benefited C. benefit D. being benefited
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他投身的工作使人民受益匪浅。分析句子结构可知，he devoted himself to是定语从句，修饰先行词work，所以空处需用动词benefit“使受益”作谓语；由从句的谓语动词devoted可知，空处主句谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故选B。
12. I ______ at this time last year, and now I’ve been a teacher for a whole year.
A. was interviewing B. was being interviewed
C. had been interviewed D. interviewed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年的这个时候我正在接受面试，现在我已经当了一年的老师了。根据时间状语at this time last year可知，用过去进行时。主语I与interview之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。
13. Be careful with the plate; it’s very ______.
A. delicate B. suitable C. organic D. rewarding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：留意这个盘子。它是易碎的。A. delicate易碎的；B. suitable合适的；C. organic有机的；D. rewarding有益的，值得做的。根据空前“Be careful with the plate”可知，因为盘子易碎，所以要留意。故选A。
14. He left his hometown for Canada last year ______ a better life.
A. in memory of B. in search of C. in favour of D. in control of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：为了寻求更好的生活，他去年离开家乡到加拿大去了。A. in memory of纪念；B.in search of寻找；C.in favour of支持；D.in control of控制。根据空前“He left his hometown for Canada”可知，他离开家乡去加拿大是为了寻求更好的工作，所以空处需用介词短语in search of。故选B。
15. — Do you enjoy your present job
— ______. I just do it for a living.
A. Of course B. Not likely C. Quite right D. I hope not
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：—你喜欢现在的工作吗？—不太可能。我只是以此为生。A.Of course当然；B.Not likely不见得；C.Quite right完全对；D.I hope not我希望不会。由“I just do it for a living”可知，第二个说话人不是真的喜欢工作，因此空格处是“不见得”。故选B。
天津市河西区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ______ more patients to be treated.
A. to allow B. allowing C. allowed D. having allowed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，使更多的病人得到治疗。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为obtain，allow是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the hospital是主动关系，结合句意，“让更多的人得到治疗”是“医院最近获得了新的医疗设备”这件事所产生的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，表主动和情理之中的结果。故选B。
2 They may have to widen the road to ______ the increase in traffic.
A. get rid of B. cope with C. consist of D. rely on
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们或许不得不拓宽这条路，来应对交通车辆的增加。A. get rid of摆脱；B. cope with处理、应对；C. consist of由……组成；D. rely on依靠。根据句意可知，拓宽道路的目的是为了应对车辆的增加，故选B项。
3. Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help ______ my colleagues.
A. in terms of B. in common with C. in addition to D. on behalf of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：请允许我代表我的同事感谢您主动帮忙。A. in terms of根据；B. in common with和……一样；C. in addition to除……外；D. on behalf of代表。根据句意可知，此处应表示“代表”，故选D项。
4. ----Could you meet me at the airport
---I’d like to, but I’m afraid I a very important meeting when you return.
A. am attending B. was attending
C. will be attending D. will have attended
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：你能来机场接我吗？我想去，但恐怕当你回来时我正在开会。分析可知，此处指我在开会的动作和你回来的时间为同一时间，句式：be doing...when...“当做……时正在做……”，结合句中“when you return”，所以空白处用将来进行时。选项C符合题意，故选C项。
5. ______ I’m unhappy, my friends always stand by me and cheer me up.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Whoever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时当我不开心的时候，我的朋友们总是支持我，让我振作起来。A.Whatever 无论什么；B.However无论怎么样； C.Whenever 无论何时；D.Whoever 无论是谁。分析可知，“______ I’m unhappy”在句中为让步状语从句，空白处在从句中作状语，表示“无论什么时候”，选项C符合题意。故选C。
6. My grandma ______ her good health ______ her regular exercise.
A. releases...into B. owes...to C. transforms...into D. removes...from
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我奶奶的健康得益于她的日常锻炼。A.releases...into... 释放；排放； B.owes...to...归因于；归功于； C.transforms...into... 把……转变成……；D.removes...from...从……除去。结合句意，此处指好的健康是由于规律的锻炼。选项B符合题意。故选B。
7. I believe ______ no use reading without full understanding.
A. that B. this C. it D. you
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查it的用法。句意：我认为没有充分的理解，阅读是没有用的。分析可知，空白处及之后的内容作谓语believe的宾语；句式：believe it +名词+动名词，it为形式宾语，指代其后的动名词。本句中it指代“reading without full understanding”，选项C符合题意，故选C。
8. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. whose C. its D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。先行词“the World Food Programme”在非限制性定语从句作定语，修饰名词purpose，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选B项。
9. ---Jenny is becoming slimmer and slimmer.
---- It is said that she hired a fitness instructor last year and _____ since.
A. is working out B. worked out C. has been working out D. had worked out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：—Jenny变得越来越苗条了。—据说她去年雇了一个健身教练，到现在也一直在健身。根据句意可知，此处强调健身从过去到现在一直在进行，应使用现在完成进行时。故C选项正确。
10. In Zhangjiajie’s Zhoushan, all water traffic and tourist attractions ______ by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.
A. has been closed B. were closed C. had been closed D. have closed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在张家界的舟山，由于今年第三次台风即将来临，所有的水上交通和旅游景点在周二之前已经关闭。结合句中“by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way”可知，空白处的时态应用过去完成时；句中“all water traffic and tourist attractions”与动词“close”为动宾关系，所以语态要用被动语态。结合选项，选项C符合题意。故选C。
天津市红桥区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
16. —I’d like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!
—OK, _______.
A. help yourself B. You will certainly make it
C. just do what you like D. I’ll make sure you get one
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：---我愿意在早晨7点有电话把我惊醒。---好吧，我能保证你能接到电话。A.help yourself请自便；B.you will certainly make it你将一定会成功；C.just do what you like做你喜欢的事；D.I’ll make sure you get one我能保证你能接到电话。根据“OK”得知，回答的人愿意让对方接到一个，故选D。
【点睛】
17. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his book there ever since.
A. has been writing B. wrote
C. had written D. is writing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——彼得在哪里？我哪里都找不到他。——他早饭后去了图书馆，从那以后就一直在那里写书。根据ever since（从那之后）可知，句子用现在完成时，且强调从过去开始一直在做某事，用现在完成进行时，主语为He，用has been writing。故选A项。
18. The book won’t be published until next year, ________ is disappointing.
A. which B. when C. why D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本书要到明年才会出版，这很令人失望。分析句子结构可知，设空处考查定语从句的关系代词的运用，逗号前为主句，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，整个主句“这本书要到明年才会出版”为先行词，这件事令人失望，先行词在非限定性定语从句中充当主语，只能用which。故选A项。
19. Grandma said she was feeling okay, but I think I could ________ a bit of sadness in the way she was speaking.
A. experience B. detect C. show D. suffer
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：奶奶说她感觉很好，但我想我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤。A.experience经历；B.detect察觉；C.show展示；D.suffer遭受。由“in the way she was speaking”可知，句子表示“我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤”，空格处意为“察觉”，故选B。
20. He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
A. approve B. cherish C. devote D. digest
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定把他的余生奉献给科学研究。A. approve同意，批准；B. cherish珍视，珍爱；C. devote献身，致力；D. digest理解，消化。句子涉及动词短语devote...to...，意为“将……奉献给……；把……专用于……”，为固定搭配，在句中以动词不定式的形式作谓语动词decide的宾语。故选C项。
21. Only a quarter of the students were ________ the proposal while a half of them were against it.
A. in need of B. in favour of C. in charge of D. in search of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：只有四分之一的学生赞成这项建议，而有一半的学生反对。A. in need of需要；B. in favour of赞成；C. in charge of负责；D. in search of寻找。根据空后的“while a half of them were against it”（而有一半的学生反对）可知与前文形成对比关系。故选B。
22. She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years.
A. popped up B. carried on C. set out D. turned over
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她哥哥突然出现在门口时，她感到非常惊讶，她已经多年没见到他了。A. popped up突然出现；B. carried on 继续；C. set out出发；D. turned over反复考虑。根据空后的“whom she hadn’t seen for years”可知她已经好多年没见到她的哥哥了，说明她惊讶的原因就是又见到她哥哥了。故选A。
23. To avoid costly mistakes, we won’t make a decision until everyone ________ at the meeting.
A. makes a mark B. makes a change C. has a quarrel D. has a say
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了避免代价高昂的错误，我们要等到每个人在会上都有发言权后才作出决定。A.makes a mark做记号；B.makes a change进行改变；C.has a quarrel吵架；D.has a say有发言权。由“we won’t make a decision until everyone ________ at the meeting”可知，句子表示“我们要等到每个人在会上都有发言权后才作出决定”，空格处意为“有发言权”，故选D。
24. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A. will teach B. would teach
C. has taught D. will be teaching
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：简不能参加今天下午3点钟的会议，因为她那个时候在一个班上课。根据句中的时间状语at that time，指代at 3 o’clock this afternoon，表示在将来的某一时刻正在做某事，故用将来完成时。故选D。
【点睛】本题考查时态。将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。分析此题需抓住时间状语，以及that time所代指的时间，再联系所学将来进行时所应用的范围及句意可以选择正确的答案。
25. I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan ________ in the past two years.
A would be carried out B. was carried out
C. had been carried out D. is being carried out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看过去两年的计划是如何实施的。分析句子可知，空处缺少see的宾语从句的谓语，根据in the past two years可知，从句用完成时态，又根据was sent可知，“实施计划”在“被派去”之前完成，用过去完成时，且plan（计划）与carry out（执行）构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故选C项。
天津市部分区（武清区等）2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
1. —Don’t worry, Dad. The doctor said it was only the flu.
— ! I will tell your mum there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I don’t care
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——不要担心，爸爸。医生说这只是一个感冒。——真让人轻松！我会告诉你妈妈没有什么大不了的。A. What a relief真让人轻松；B. Congratulations恭喜你！C. How surprising真让人惊讶；D. I don’t care我不在乎。最后被证实只是一个感冒，爸爸松了一口气，What a relief符合句意。故选A。
2. The pilot began a desperate race________ time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel. Fortunately, he made it eventually.
A. over B. against C. for D. with
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：飞行员开始拼命争分夺秒地赶在飞机耗尽燃料之前着陆。幸运的是，他最终做到了。A. over越过；B. against反对；C. for为了D. with和。根据后文“time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel”指争分夺秒，此处用race against表示“同……赛跑”。故选B。
3. MSF is an independent organization mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflicts, epidemics or disasters.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：无国界医生组织是一个独立的组织，其使命是为受冲突、流行病或灾难影响的人提供医疗服务。此处是定语从句，先行词等于关系词，先行词是an independent organization，与从句主语mission是所属关系，即“an independent organization’s mission”，先行词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose。故选D项。
4. There was no light in the room and it took me a few seconds to the darkness.
A. lead to B. tend to C. adjust to D. appeal to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：房间里没有灯光，我花了几秒钟的时间来适应黑暗。A. lead to导致；B. tend to趋向；C. adjust to调整以适应；D. appeal to呼吁。在黑暗中，人的眼睛要适应一下。故选C。
5. You have scolded her for her failure. After all, she had tried her best.
A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词及虚拟语气。句意：你本不应该因为她的失败斥责她。毕竟，她已经尽力了。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. mustn’t禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据句意、句子结构及时态可知，此句是对过去的虚拟，表示“本不该做，但做了某事”。故选D项。
6. It’s hard for traditional book stores to with large bookstore chains.
A. compete B. complete C. commit D. consist
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统书店很难与大型连锁书店竞争。A. compete竞争；B. complete使完整；C. commit忠于；D. consist 由……组成。固定搭配compete with“与……竞争”，根据句意，traditional book stores与large bookstore chains存在竞争关系。故选A。
7. football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A Whether B. That C. Why D. How
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许是它受欢迎的基础。分析句子结构可知，作主语的是个句子，而且在主语从句里，句子成分完整，that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句里不充当任何成分，但不能省略。故选B。
8. The Natural History Museum has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies to dinosaurs.
A. to range B. ranged C. ranging D. range
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：自然历史博物馆收藏了大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到恐龙都有。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式，动词range和逻辑主语collection之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故选C项。
9. When I came back home for the summer holiday, I found that my room up.
A. cleaned B. was cleaned C. had cleaned D. had been cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：当我回家过暑假时，我发现我的房间已经打扫干净了。分析句子结构可知，固定短语clean up“打扫干净”为动词短语，found后接的that引导的宾语从句里，谓语是“clean up”，因为从句里的谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作发生之前，又因主句的谓语是found是一般过去时，所以从句的谓语应该用过去完成时，以及my room与clean up之间是被动关系，所以此处应该用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done结构。故选D。
10. Please give us plenty of notice if you have to cancel an ________.
A. argument B. appointment C. assumption D. assistance
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你取消一个约会，请及时通知我们。A.argument论证；B.appointment约会；C.assumption假定，设想；D.assistance帮助。由句意可知，应该是取消约会所以要及时通知我们，故选B。
11. We will have to rely more on ________ energy, such as solar and wind power.
A. complex B. illegal C. alternative D. financial
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们将不得不更多地依赖替代能源，比如太阳能和风能。A.complex复杂的；B.illegal非法的；C.alternative可替换的；可代替的；D.financial金融的；财政的。结合句意可知，此处指我们要更多地依赖像风能和太阳能这样的可替换能源。故选C。
12. Mrs. White lives in the flat alone and the dog has been her ______ in the past ten years.
A. combination B. companion C. connection D. consideration
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：怀特太太独自住在公寓里，这条狗在过去十年里一直是她的伴侣。A. combination联合；B. companion同伴；C. connection连接；D. consideration考虑。根据句意可知，此处是指狗狗陪着独居的怀特太太，即它是她的同伴。故选B。
13. Let’s make joint efforts to protect the environment and live ________ nature.
A. in contrast to B. in memory of C. in harmony with D. in control of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：让我们共同努力，保护环境，与自然和谐相处。A. in contrast to与……形成对照；B. in memory of纪念……；C. in harmony with与……协调；D. in control of控制。根据前后文“live ________ nature”指与自然和谐相处，in harmony with符合语境。故选C。
14. ________ you’ve set you mind on the goal, you must make every effort to get it achieved in spite of challenges.
A. Now that B. As if C. Unless D. In case
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：既然你已经下定决心去实现目标，你就必须尽一切努力去实现它，尽管有挑战。A. Now that既然；B. As if好像；C. Unless除非；D. In case万一。引导原因状语从句，表示“既然”应用now that。故选A。
15. —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——只有那些有许多相同之处的人能和睦相处。——恕我不能同意，意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。故选D。
2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
单项填空
天津市和平区2021-2022学年高二上学期线上期末质量检测英语试题
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Some species of animals have died out because they could not _____ to a changing environment.
A. adopt B. live C. survive D. adapt
2. The couple were invited to the state banquet, ________was a great honour to them.
A. who B. when
C. which D. where
3. It is really________to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.
A. worthwhile B. worthy
C. workaday D. lifelong
4. 【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling
C. Having traveled D. Traveled
5. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and finally her persistence ________.
A. paid off B. took off C. got off D. called off
6. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are essential in staying________.
A. connecting B. connected
C. being connected D. to connect
7. —Did you hear the noise downstairs this afternoon What was that
—Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine________then.
A. has tested B. had tested
C. was tested D. was being tested
8. —I just love living here in London. I mean, the culture, the parks, the restaurants...
— , it's not the cheapest place to live.
A. To put it another way B. To be fair
C. To put it simply D. To make things worse
9. I didn’t get into the two-hour quarrel; I know how it ______, though.
A. would break out B. has broken out C. was breaking out D. had broken out
10. —What do you think of Tom
—________his brother, he is always considerate in his treatment of others.
A. In terms of B. On account of
C. In agreement with D. In contrast to
天津市河东区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
Ⅱ. 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ----Are you going to take part in the speech contest
----_______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.
A. No problem! B. That’s for sure
C. Why me D. Why bother
2. It’s not an urgent matter. Let’s ______ it ______ for the moment.
A. take...over B. lay...aside C. max...out D. bring...forth
3. ______ the fire broke out all the students were sleeping soundly.
A. Because B. In case C. When D. As long as
4. Shortly afterwards, I noticed to my satisfaction that their work ______.
A. was been improved B. has been improved
C. had been improved D. was being improve
5. His rude behavior was really a ______, which made his friends embarrassed.
A. virtue B. vision C. leisure D. disgrace
6. Please don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I ______ my class then.
A. will have B. will be having C. have had D. was having
7. If you get up early, try not to ______ everyone else.
A. disturb B. approve C. occupy D. expand
8. New teaching equipment is ______ needed for the development of the school.
A. humbly B. nobly C. urgently D. deliberately
9. ______ is becoming more and more important for us to master the skills of computers.
A. It B. That C. This D. What
10. Mr Smith ______ a book which will probably be completed next month.
A. writes B. has written C. will be writing D. has been writing
11. The work he devoted himself to ______ people a lot.
A. benefiting B. benefited C. benefit D. being benefited
12. I ______ at this time last year, and now I’ve been a teacher for a whole year.
A was interviewing B. was being interviewed
C. had been interviewed D. interviewed
13. Be careful with the plate; it’s very ______.
A. delicate B. suitable C. organic D. rewarding
14. He left his hometown for Canada last year ______ a better life.
A. in memory of B. in search of C. in favour of D. in control of
15. — Do you enjoy your present job
— ______. I just do it for a living.
A. Of course B. Not likely C. Quite right D. I hope not
天津市河西区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ______ more patients to be treated.
A. to allow B. allowing C. allowed D. having allowed
2. They may have to widen the road to ______ the increase in traffic.
A. get rid of B. cope with C. consist of D. rely on
3. Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help ______ my colleagues.
A. in terms of B. in common with C. in addition to D. on behalf of
4. ----Could you meet me at the airport
---I’d like to, but I’m afraid I a very important meeting when you return.
A. am attending B. was attending
C will be attending D. will have attended
5. ______ I’m unhappy, my friends always stand by me and cheer me up.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Whoever
6. My grandma ______ her good health ______ her regular exercise.
A. releases...into B. owes...to C. transforms...into D. removes...from
7. I believe ______ no use reading without full understanding.
A. that B. this C. it D. you
8. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. whose C. its D. whom
9. ---Jenny is becoming slimmer and slimmer.
---- It is said that she hired a fitness instructor last year and _____ since.
A. is working out B. worked out C. has been working out D. had worked out
10. In Zhangjiajie’s Zhoushan, all water traffic and tourist attractions ______ by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.
A. has been closed B. were closed C. had been closed D. have closed
天津市红桥区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16. —I’d like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!
—OK, _______.
A. help yourself B. You will certainly make it
C. just do what you like D. I’ll make sure you get one
17. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his book there ever since.
A. has been writing B. wrote
C. had written D. is writing
18. The book won’t be published until next year, ________ is disappointing.
A. which B. when C. why D. that
19. Grandma said she was feeling okay, but I think I could ________ a bit of sadness in the way she was speaking.
A. experience B. detect C. show D. suffer
20. He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
A. approve B. cherish C. devote D. digest
21. Only a quarter of the students were ________ the proposal while a half of them were against it.
A. in need of B. in favour of C. in charge of D. in search of
22. She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years.
A. popped up B. carried on C. set out D. turned over
23. To avoid costly mistakes, we won’t make a decision until everyone ________ at the meeting.
A. makes a mark B. makes a change C. has a quarrel D. has a say
24. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A. will teach B. would teach
C. has taught D. will be teaching
25. I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan ________ in the past two years.
A. would be carried out B. was carried out
C. had been carried out D. is being carried out
天津市部分区（武清区等）2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
第一节：单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
1. —Don’t worry Dad. The doctor said it was only the flu.
— ! I will tell your mum there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I don’t care
2. The pilot began a desperate race________ time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel. Fortunately, he made it eventually.
A. over B. against C. for D. with
3. MSF is an independent organization mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflicts, epidemics or disasters.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
4. There was no light in the room and it took me a few seconds to the darkness.
A. lead to B. tend to C. adjust to D. appeal to
5. You have scolded her for her failure. After all, she had tried her best.
A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
6. It’s hard for traditional book stores to with large bookstore chains.
A. compete B. complete C. commit D. consist
7. football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A. Whether B. That C. Why D. How
8. The Natural History Museum has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies to dinosaurs.
A. to range B. ranged C. ranging D. range
9. When I came back home for the summer holiday, I found that my room up.
A. cleaned B. was cleaned C. had cleaned D. had been cleaned
10. Please give us plenty of notice if you have to cancel an ________.
A. argument B. appointment C. assumption D. assistance
11. We will have to rely more on ________ energy, such as solar and wind power.
A. complex B. illegal C. alternative D. financial
12. Mrs. White lives in the flat alone and the dog has been her ______ in the past ten years.
A. combination B. companion C. connection D. consideration
13. Let’s make joint efforts to protect the environment and live ________ nature.
A. in contrast to B. in memory of C. in harmony with D. in control of
14. ________ you’ve set you mind on the goal, you must make every effort to get it achieved in spite of challenges.
A. Now that B. As if C. Unless D. In case
15. —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
答案：
天津市和平区2021-2022学年高二上学期线上期末质量检测英语试题
1. Some species of animals have died out because they could not _____ to a changing environment.
A. adopt B. live C. survive D. adapt
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些动物已经灭绝了，因为它们不能适应不断变化的环境。A. adopt 领养，采纳；B.live 居住；C. survive 生存；D. adapt 适应。 adapt to ...意为“适应......”,，故选D。
2. The couple were invited to the state banquet, ________was a great honour to them.
A. who B. when
C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这对夫妇被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。A. who关系代词，指人；B. when关系副词，指时间；C. which关系代词，指物；D. where关系副词，指地点。分析句子可知，前句是主句，空格处引导的句子是定语从句，从句缺主语，用关系代词；又根据句意可知，空格处指代“这对夫妇被邀请参加国宴这件事”，应用关系代词which，故选C项。
3. It is really________to pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying.
A. worthwhile B. worthy
C. workaday D. lifelong
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在申请之前亲自去他们想去的大学参观是非常值得的。A.worthwhile值得的；B.worthy值得的；C.workaday工作日的；D.lifelong终身的。由“pay a visit to their desired colleges personally before applying”可知，在申请之前亲自去他们想去的大学参观是非常值得的，it is worthwhile to do是固定短语，意为“值得做”，因此空格处是worthwhile，故选A。
4. 【2018·北京】_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel B. Traveling
C. Having traveled D. Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
5. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and finally her persistence ________.
A. paid off B. took off C. got off D. called off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的坚持终于得到了回报。A. paid off 回报，取得成功；B. took off 起飞、脱下；C. got off 下车；D. called off 取消。根据句意可知，Sandra立志成为一名医生，在不懈的努力下她取得了成功，一份耕耘一分收获，努力得到了回报，故选A项。
6. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are essential in staying________.
A. connecting B. connected
C. being connected D. to connect
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些家庭成员远离的人来说，个人电脑和电话是保持联系的必要手段。A. connecting 联系（动名词，现在分词）； B.connected 联系（过去分词作形容词）； C. being connected 与...联系（动名词） D.to connect联系（不定式）。空前stay为系动词，意为：保持...状态。（be) connected with是固定短语，意为"与……保持联系、联络"，其中connected可以看作表示状态的形容词，用作表语。故选B项。
7. —Did you hear the noise downstairs this afternoon What was that
—Yes. I forgot to tell you. A new machine________then.
A. has tested B. had tested
C. was tested D. was being tested
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语。句意：---你今天下午听到楼下的噪音了吗？那是什么啊？---是的。我忘了告诉你了。一台新机器当时正在被检测。根据句子结构和意思可知，时间状语“then”表示“在那时”，主语“A new machine”和动词“test”是被动关系，所以这里考查过去进行时的被动语态结构，而且be动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
8. —I just love living here in London. I mean, the culture, the parks, the restaurants...
— , it's not the cheapest place to live.
A. To put it another way B. To be fair
C. To put it simply D. To make things worse
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我就是喜欢住在伦敦。我是说，文化、公园、餐馆……——说句公道话，伦敦并不是生活成本最低的城市。A. To put it another way换一种方式；B. To be fair说句公道话；C. To put it simply简单地说；D. To make things worse。更糟糕的是。根据“it's not the cheapest place to live.”可知，伦敦并不是生活成本最低的城市是一句句公道话。故选B项。
9. I didn’t get into the two-hour quarrel; I know how it ______, though.
A. would break out B. has broken out C. was breaking out D. had broken out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我没有卷入两个小时的争吵，但是我知道它是如何爆发的。根据句意，吵架是过去的事情，它发生应该是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故选D。
10. —What do you think of Tom
—________his brother, he is always considerate in his treatment of others.
A. In terms of B. On account of
C. In agreement with D. In contrast to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：与他的兄弟不同，他在处理和别人的关系时总是很周到。A. in terms of就......而言；B. on account of因为，由于；C. in agreement with与......一致；D. in contrast to与……形成对照。由句意可知，此处是将Tom和他的哥哥作比较，应用短语in contrast to。故选D项。
天津市河东区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
1. ----Are you going to take part in the speech contest
----_______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.
A. No problem! B. That’s for sure
C. Why me D. Why bother
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】本题考查情景交际。解题步骤：1. 确定各选项意思：A. No problem! 没问题！ B. That’s for sure.肯定； C. Why me 为什么是我？ D. Why bother 干嘛要费事？2. 确定答案：根据回答中It’s too good an opportunity to miss.可知表示肯定会参加。句意：---你打算要参加演讲比赛吗？---一定参加。这个机会太难得了不容错过。故选B。
2. It’s not an urgent matter. Let’s ______ it ______ for the moment.
A. take...over B. lay...aside C. max...out D. bring...forth
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是紧急的事情。让我们暂时把它放在一边。A. take...over接管；B. lay...aside把……放在一边；C. max...out达到最高极限；D. bring...forth生产，产出。根据“not an urgent matter”可知，这件事可以暂时放到一边，lay...aside“把……放在一边”，符合句意。故选B项。
3. ______ the fire broke out, all the students were sleeping soundly.
A. Because B. In case C. When D. As long as
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：当火灾发生时，所有的学生都在熟睡。A. Because因为；B. In case以防；C. When当……时候；D. As long as只要。结合句意可知，这里用when引导的时间状语从句。故选C。
4. Shortly afterwards, I noticed to my satisfaction that their work ______.
A. was been improved B. has been improved
C. had been improved D. was being improve
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：不久之后，我满意地注意到他们的工作有了改进。本句为宾语从句，从句的动作发生在主句过去动作noticed之前，所以用过去完成时。从句主语their work与improve之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
5. His rude behavior was really a ______, which made his friends embarrassed.
A. virtue B. vision C. leisure D. disgrace
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B. vision视力，视觉；C. leisure闲暇；D. disgrace耻辱，丢脸。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassed”可知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。故选D。
6. Please don’t call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I ______ my class then.
A. will have B. will be having C. have had D. was having
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天8点到10点之间请不要给我打电话。那时我正在上课。此处then指带前文的时间状语“between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow.”，由此可知，空处谓语动词需用将来进行时态：will be doing，表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。故选B。
7. If you get up early, try not to ______ everyone else.
A. disturb B. approve C. occupy D. expand
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰到其他人。A.disturb打扰；B.approve批准；C.occupy占据；D.expand扩大。根据常识判断，如果起得早要做到尽量不要打扰到其他人，空格处意“打扰”，故选A。
8. New teaching equipment is ______ needed for the development of the school.
A. humbly B. nobly C. urgently D. deliberately
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校的发展急需新的教学设备。A. humbly恭顺地；B. nobly尊贵地；C. urgently紧急地；D. deliberately故意地。根据“the development of the school”可知，为了学校的发展，新的教学设备是急需的。故选C。
9. ______ is becoming more and more important for us to master the skills of computers.
A. It B. That C. This D. What
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：对我们来说，掌握计算机技能变得越来越重要。It is important for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是……，固定句型，此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。故选A。
10. Mr Smith ______ a book, which will probably be completed next month.
A. writes B. has written C. will be writing D. has been writing
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：史密斯先生一直在写一本书，可能下个月就能写完。根据“will probably be completed next month”可知，Mr Smith一直在写这本书，结合选项，应使用现在完成进行时态，表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并还将继续下去。故选D项。
11. The work he devoted himself to ______ people a lot.
A. benefiting B. benefited C. benefit D. being benefited
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他投身的工作使人民受益匪浅。分析句子结构可知，he devoted himself to是定语从句，修饰先行词work，所以空处需用动词benefit“使受益”作谓语；由从句的谓语动词devoted可知，空处主句谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故选B。
12. I ______ at this time last year, and now I’ve been a teacher for a whole year.
A. was interviewing B. was being interviewed
C. had been interviewed D. interviewed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年的这个时候我正在接受面试，现在我已经当了一年的老师了。根据时间状语at this time last year可知，用过去进行时。主语I与interview之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。
13. Be careful with the plate; it’s very ______.
A. delicate B. suitable C. organic D. rewarding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：留意这个盘子。它是易碎的。A. delicate易碎的；B. suitable合适的；C. organic有机的；D. rewarding有益的，值得做的。根据空前“Be careful with the plate”可知，因为盘子易碎，所以要留意。故选A。
14. He left his hometown for Canada last year ______ a better life.
A. in memory of B. in search of C. in favour of D. in control of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：为了寻求更好的生活，他去年离开家乡到加拿大去了。A. in memory of纪念；B.in search of寻找；C.in favour of支持；D.in control of控制。根据空前“He left his hometown for Canada”可知，他离开家乡去加拿大是为了寻求更好的工作，所以空处需用介词短语in search of。故选B。
15. — Do you enjoy your present job
— ______. I just do it for a living.
A. Of course B. Not likely C. Quite right D. I hope not
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：—你喜欢现在的工作吗？—不太可能。我只是以此为生。A.Of course当然；B.Not likely不见得；C.Quite right完全对；D.I hope not我希望不会。由“I just do it for a living”可知，第二个说话人不是真的喜欢工作，因此空格处是“不见得”。故选B。
天津市河西区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ______ more patients to be treated.
A. to allow B. allowing C. allowed D. having allowed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医院最近获得了新的医疗设备，使更多的病人得到治疗。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为obtain，allow是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the hospital是主动关系，结合句意，“让更多的人得到治疗”是“医院最近获得了新的医疗设备”这件事所产生的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，表主动和情理之中的结果。故选B。
2 They may have to widen the road to ______ the increase in traffic.
A. get rid of B. cope with C. consist of D. rely on
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们或许不得不拓宽这条路，来应对交通车辆的增加。A. get rid of摆脱；B. cope with处理、应对；C. consist of由……组成；D. rely on依靠。根据句意可知，拓宽道路的目的是为了应对车辆的增加，故选B项。
3. Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help ______ my colleagues.
A. in terms of B. in common with C. in addition to D. on behalf of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：请允许我代表我的同事感谢您主动帮忙。A. in terms of根据；B. in common with和……一样；C. in addition to除……外；D. on behalf of代表。根据句意可知，此处应表示“代表”，故选D项。
4. ----Could you meet me at the airport
---I’d like to, but I’m afraid I a very important meeting when you return.
A. am attending B. was attending
C. will be attending D. will have attended
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：你能来机场接我吗？我想去，但恐怕当你回来时我正在开会。分析可知，此处指我在开会的动作和你回来的时间为同一时间，句式：be doing...when...“当做……时正在做……”，结合句中“when you return”，所以空白处用将来进行时。选项C符合题意，故选C项。
5. ______ I’m unhappy, my friends always stand by me and cheer me up.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whenever D. Whoever
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时当我不开心的时候，我的朋友们总是支持我，让我振作起来。A.Whatever 无论什么；B.However无论怎么样； C.Whenever 无论何时；D.Whoever 无论是谁。分析可知，“______ I’m unhappy”在句中为让步状语从句，空白处在从句中作状语，表示“无论什么时候”，选项C符合题意。故选C。
6. My grandma ______ her good health ______ her regular exercise.
A. releases...into B. owes...to C. transforms...into D. removes...from
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我奶奶的健康得益于她的日常锻炼。A.releases...into... 释放；排放； B.owes...to...归因于；归功于； C.transforms...into... 把……转变成……；D.removes...from...从……除去。结合句意，此处指好的健康是由于规律的锻炼。选项B符合题意。故选B。
7. I believe ______ no use reading without full understanding.
A. that B. this C. it D. you
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查it的用法。句意：我认为没有充分的理解，阅读是没有用的。分析可知，空白处及之后的内容作谓语believe的宾语；句式：believe it +名词+动名词，it为形式宾语，指代其后的动名词。本句中it指代“reading without full understanding”，选项C符合题意，故选C。
8. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A. which B. whose C. its D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。先行词“the World Food Programme”在非限制性定语从句作定语，修饰名词purpose，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选B项。
9. ---Jenny is becoming slimmer and slimmer.
---- It is said that she hired a fitness instructor last year and _____ since.
A. is working out B. worked out C. has been working out D. had worked out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：—Jenny变得越来越苗条了。—据说她去年雇了一个健身教练，到现在也一直在健身。根据句意可知，此处强调健身从过去到现在一直在进行，应使用现在完成进行时。故C选项正确。
10. In Zhangjiajie’s Zhoushan, all water traffic and tourist attractions ______ by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.
A. has been closed B. were closed C. had been closed D. have closed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在张家界的舟山，由于今年第三次台风即将来临，所有的水上交通和旅游景点在周二之前已经关闭。结合句中“by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way”可知，空白处的时态应用过去完成时；句中“all water traffic and tourist attractions”与动词“close”为动宾关系，所以语态要用被动语态。结合选项，选项C符合题意。故选C。
天津市红桥区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
16. —I’d like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!
—OK, _______.
A. help yourself B. You will certainly make it
C. just do what you like D. I’ll make sure you get one
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：---我愿意在早晨7点有电话把我惊醒。---好吧，我能保证你能接到电话。A.help yourself请自便；B.you will certainly make it你将一定会成功；C.just do what you like做你喜欢的事；D.I’ll make sure you get one我能保证你能接到电话。根据“OK”得知，回答的人愿意让对方接到一个，故选D。
【点睛】
17. —Where is Peter I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his book there ever since.
A. has been writing B. wrote
C. had written D. is writing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——彼得在哪里？我哪里都找不到他。——他早饭后去了图书馆，从那以后就一直在那里写书。根据ever since（从那之后）可知，句子用现在完成时，且强调从过去开始一直在做某事，用现在完成进行时，主语为He，用has been writing。故选A项。
18. The book won’t be published until next year, ________ is disappointing.
A. which B. when C. why D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本书要到明年才会出版，这很令人失望。分析句子结构可知，设空处考查定语从句的关系代词的运用，逗号前为主句，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，整个主句“这本书要到明年才会出版”为先行词，这件事令人失望，先行词在非限定性定语从句中充当主语，只能用which。故选A项。
19. Grandma said she was feeling okay, but I think I could ________ a bit of sadness in the way she was speaking.
A. experience B. detect C. show D. suffer
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：奶奶说她感觉很好，但我想我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤。A.experience经历；B.detect察觉；C.show展示；D.suffer遭受。由“in the way she was speaking”可知，句子表示“我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤”，空格处意为“察觉”，故选B。
20. He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
A. approve B. cherish C. devote D. digest
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定把他的余生奉献给科学研究。A. approve同意，批准；B. cherish珍视，珍爱；C. devote献身，致力；D. digest理解，消化。句子涉及动词短语devote...to...，意为“将……奉献给……；把……专用于……”，为固定搭配，在句中以动词不定式的形式作谓语动词decide的宾语。故选C项。
21. Only a quarter of the students were ________ the proposal while a half of them were against it.
A. in need of B. in favour of C. in charge of D. in search of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：只有四分之一的学生赞成这项建议，而有一半的学生反对。A. in need of需要；B. in favour of赞成；C. in charge of负责；D. in search of寻找。根据空后的“while a half of them were against it”（而有一半的学生反对）可知与前文形成对比关系。故选B。
22. She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years.
A. popped up B. carried on C. set out D. turned over
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她哥哥突然出现在门口时，她感到非常惊讶，她已经多年没见到他了。A. popped up突然出现；B. carried on 继续；C. set out出发；D. turned over反复考虑。根据空后的“whom she hadn’t seen for years”可知她已经好多年没见到她的哥哥了，说明她惊讶的原因就是又见到她哥哥了。故选A。
23. To avoid costly mistakes, we won’t make a decision until everyone ________ at the meeting.
A. makes a mark B. makes a change C. has a quarrel D. has a say
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了避免代价高昂的错误，我们要等到每个人在会上都有发言权后才作出决定。A.makes a mark做记号；B.makes a change进行改变；C.has a quarrel吵架；D.has a say有发言权。由“we won’t make a decision until everyone ________ at the meeting”可知，句子表示“我们要等到每个人在会上都有发言权后才作出决定”，空格处意为“有发言权”，故选D。
24. Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.
A. will teach B. would teach
C. has taught D. will be teaching
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：简不能参加今天下午3点钟的会议，因为她那个时候在一个班上课。根据句中的时间状语at that time，指代at 3 o’clock this afternoon，表示在将来的某一时刻正在做某事，故用将来完成时。故选D。
【点睛】本题考查时态。将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。分析此题需抓住时间状语，以及that time所代指的时间，再联系所学将来进行时所应用的范围及句意可以选择正确的答案。
25. I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan ________ in the past two years.
A would be carried out B. was carried out
C. had been carried out D. is being carried out
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看过去两年的计划是如何实施的。分析句子可知，空处缺少see的宾语从句的谓语，根据in the past two years可知，从句用完成时态，又根据was sent可知，“实施计划”在“被派去”之前完成，用过去完成时，且plan（计划）与carry out（执行）构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故选C项。
天津市部分区（武清区等）2021-2022学年高二上学期期末（下学期期初）考试英语试题
1. —Don’t worry, Dad. The doctor said it was only the flu.
— ! I will tell your mum there is nothing serious.
A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I don’t care
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——不要担心，爸爸。医生说这只是一个感冒。——真让人轻松！我会告诉你妈妈没有什么大不了的。A. What a relief真让人轻松；B. Congratulations恭喜你！C. How surprising真让人惊讶；D. I don’t care我不在乎。最后被证实只是一个感冒，爸爸松了一口气，What a relief符合句意。故选A。
2. The pilot began a desperate race________ time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel. Fortunately, he made it eventually.
A. over B. against C. for D. with
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：飞行员开始拼命争分夺秒地赶在飞机耗尽燃料之前着陆。幸运的是，他最终做到了。A. over越过；B. against反对；C. for为了D. with和。根据后文“time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel”指争分夺秒，此处用race against表示“同……赛跑”。故选B。
3. MSF is an independent organization mission is to provide medical care to those affected by conflicts, epidemics or disasters.
A. which B. when C. where D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：无国界医生组织是一个独立的组织，其使命是为受冲突、流行病或灾难影响的人提供医疗服务。此处是定语从句，先行词等于关系词，先行词是an independent organization，与从句主语mission是所属关系，即“an independent organization’s mission”，先行词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose。故选D项。
4. There was no light in the room and it took me a few seconds to the darkness.
A. lead to B. tend to C. adjust to D. appeal to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：房间里没有灯光，我花了几秒钟的时间来适应黑暗。A. lead to导致；B. tend to趋向；C. adjust to调整以适应；D. appeal to呼吁。在黑暗中，人的眼睛要适应一下。故选C。
5. You have scolded her for her failure. After all, she had tried her best.
A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词及虚拟语气。句意：你本不应该因为她的失败斥责她。毕竟，她已经尽力了。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. mustn’t禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据句意、句子结构及时态可知，此句是对过去的虚拟，表示“本不该做，但做了某事”。故选D项。
6. It’s hard for traditional book stores to with large bookstore chains.
A. compete B. complete C. commit D. consist
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统书店很难与大型连锁书店竞争。A. compete竞争；B. complete使完整；C. commit忠于；D. consist 由……组成。固定搭配compete with“与……竞争”，根据句意，traditional book stores与large bookstore chains存在竞争关系。故选A。
7. football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.
A Whether B. That C. Why D. How
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许是它受欢迎的基础。分析句子结构可知，作主语的是个句子，而且在主语从句里，句子成分完整，that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句里不充当任何成分，但不能省略。故选B。
8. The Natural History Museum has a large collection of wildlife, from butterflies to dinosaurs.
A. to range B. ranged C. ranging D. range
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：自然历史博物馆收藏了大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到恐龙都有。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式，动词range和逻辑主语collection之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故选C项。
9. When I came back home for the summer holiday, I found that my room up.
A. cleaned B. was cleaned C. had cleaned D. had been cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：当我回家过暑假时，我发现我的房间已经打扫干净了。分析句子结构可知，固定短语clean up“打扫干净”为动词短语，found后接的that引导的宾语从句里，谓语是“clean up”，因为从句里的谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作发生之前，又因主句的谓语是found是一般过去时，所以从句的谓语应该用过去完成时，以及my room与clean up之间是被动关系，所以此处应该用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done结构。故选D。
10. Please give us plenty of notice if you have to cancel an ________.
A. argument B. appointment C. assumption D. assistance
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你取消一个约会，请及时通知我们。A.argument论证；B.appointment约会；C.assumption假定，设想；D.assistance帮助。由句意可知，应该是取消约会所以要及时通知我们，故选B。
11. We will have to rely more on ________ energy, such as solar and wind power.
A. complex B. illegal C. alternative D. financial
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们将不得不更多地依赖替代能源，比如太阳能和风能。A.complex复杂的；B.illegal非法的；C.alternative可替换的；可代替的；D.financial金融的；财政的。结合句意可知，此处指我们要更多地依赖像风能和太阳能这样的可替换能源。故选C。
12. Mrs. White lives in the flat alone and the dog has been her ______ in the past ten years.
A. combination B. companion C. connection D. consideration
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：怀特太太独自住在公寓里，这条狗在过去十年里一直是她的伴侣。A. combination联合；B. companion同伴；C. connection连接；D. consideration考虑。根据句意可知，此处是指狗狗陪着独居的怀特太太，即它是她的同伴。故选B。
13. Let’s make joint efforts to protect the environment and live ________ nature.
A. in contrast to B. in memory of C. in harmony with D. in control of
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：让我们共同努力，保护环境，与自然和谐相处。A. in contrast to与……形成对照；B. in memory of纪念……；C. in harmony with与……协调；D. in control of控制。根据前后文“live ________ nature”指与自然和谐相处，in harmony with符合语境。故选C。
14. ________ you’ve set you mind on the goal, you must make every effort to get it achieved in spite of challenges.
A. Now that B. As if C. Unless D. In case
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：既然你已经下定决心去实现目标，你就必须尽一切努力去实现它，尽管有挑战。A. Now that既然；B. As if好像；C. Unless除非；D. In case万一。引导原因状语从句，表示“既然”应用now that。故选A。
15. —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.
—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not B. I think so
C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——只有那些有许多相同之处的人能和睦相处。——恕我不能同意，意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。故选D。