人教版（2019）必修第三册Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations Section B Discovering Useful Structures 教案

Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations
Section B Discover Useful Structures教学设计
科目：英语 课题：Discover Useful Structures 课时：1课时
Teaching Objects:
(1) Knowledge Objects:
a) Students will learn some words and phrases like
b) Students will master the usage of the -ing forms used as attributes and predicatives through self-study and practice
(2)Ability Objective:
Students can use the -ing forms used as attributes and predicatives to express their ideas.
(3)Emotional Objectives:
Students can foster the interest and desire of learning English grammar.
Key and difficult points:
Key point: Help students identify the usage of the -ing forms used as attributes and predicatives
Difficult points: How to use the the -ing forms used as attributes and predicatives in real situation
Major steps:
Step 1 Presentation
（1）
Look at the following sentences and try to find out the relationships between the v.-ing forms and the subjects of the sentences or the headwords in the noun phrases.Then complete the sentences.
1.We'll have an exam in the coming week.
=We'll have an exam in the week that is coming.
2.He was only able to walk with a walking stick.
=He was only able to walk with a stick that is used for walking.
3.The boy studying in the classroom is our monitor.
=The boy who is studying in the classroom is our monitor.
4.Your activity is cleaning the windows.
=Cleaning the windows is your activity.
5.He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the sleeping baby.
=He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the baby 　　　　　.
6.Last week we bought a new washing machine.
=Last week we bought a new machine 　　　　　.
7.Do you know the boy playing basketball
=Do you know the boy 　　　　　　　　　　　
8.His first delight was going to the Tower.
=　　　　　　　　　　　 was his first delight.
（2）Teacher help to conclude the grammar- the -ing forms used as attributes and predicatives and introduce the usage of the grammar
动词-ing形式作定语和表语
动词ing形式分为动名词和现在分词两类。动名词兼有动词和名词的特征和作用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中作定语、表语、补足语和状语。
1.动词-ing形式作定语
动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。
a.动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于名词+for +doing sth.
Eg: No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room（the room for reading）.
谁都不准在阅览室里大声说话。
b.现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词正在进行的动作相当于一个定语从句。
Eg: The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
=The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
c.过去分词、现在分词以及不定式作定语时的区别
语法 形式 关系
过去分词作定语 done 表示被动、完成
现在分词作定语 doing 表示主动、动作正在进行
being done 表示被动、动作正在进行
不定式作定语 to do 表示主动、动作将要发生
to be done 表示被动、动作将要发生
2.动词ing形式作表语
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
a.现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质说明主语的性质、特征等。
The argument is very convincing.
这个论点很令人信服。
He remained standing beside the table.
他依然站在桌旁.
b.动名词作表语多说明主语的内容，表示笼统的、抽象的概念。主语和表语可以换位。
Her job is teaching you English.
=Teaching you English is her job.
她的工作是教你们英语。
c.与现在事实相反：一般过去时（be动词用were）
d.与过去事实相反：过去完成时(had done)
e.与将来事实相反：过去将来时(would/could/might do)
考情分析：
动词-ing形式作定语和表语是高考语法中的重点，常常出现在阅读理解的长难句中，是语法填空的高频考点，也是打造书面表达中亮点句子的基础。
在2017年高考课标全国卷Ⅲ阅读理解D篇中应用了现在分词短语作后置定语：
For many older people，particularly those living alone or in the country…
语法点睛：
1.许多现在分词是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：
moving、 interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等。这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物，可在句中作表语或定语。
例：
The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if adapted for television, would be a hit.
导演完全相信，这个感人的故事如果被改编成电视剧，将会大受欢迎。
We all have the opinion that the basketball match was encouraging.
我们都有这个看法，就是这场篮球比赛很鼓舞人心。
2、不定式和过去分词也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，过去分词则表示被动、完成的含义。
例：
Her hobby is painting.
她的爱好是画画。（抽象的、习惯性的动作）
His wish is to become an artist.
他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。（将要发生的动作）
The cup was broken.
茶杯被打碎了。（被动、已完成的动作）
（Justification: In this way, teachers introduces the situation in which the grammar can be used. Students will have a better understanding of the grammar and learn it easily.）
Step 2 Practice
Activity 1: Students finish the exercise on PPT. Teacher will ask them to check the right answer on PPT.
Activity 2: Pair work. Students read the dialogue with their partners and then change roles. Teacher will point out some mistakes and explain them carefully.
（Justification: Through this part, students can practice the dialogue in pairs and consolidate the grammar.）
Step 3 Production
Group task: Students will be divided in to several groups to rewrite the sentences by changing the relative clauses into the -ing forms or the past participate phrases. Then share the results with whole class. Students are encouraged to use the grammar when talking.
(1)The little girl who is wearing a Snow White costume is my daughter.
(2)The Rio Carnival is a festival that is held before Lent(大斋期) every year and it is considered the biggest carnival in the world.
(3)Halloween is a festival that is celebrated on the night of 31st October.
(4)At night,they slept in a bag that was used for sleeping.
（Justification: Students will learn to use the grammar in a proper way through those activities.）
Step 4 Summary and homework
1. Summary
Students should act as an assistant to conclude what they have learned in this class, and then the teacher will make a summary together with students.
(Justification: Reviewing the important knowledge in this lesson can deepen students' impression and form good study habits)
2. Homework
Finish the exercise in PPT.
(Justification: Retelling can help students sort out the course content, and the exercise can help students master the grammar better.)
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