陕西省部分市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含答案）

陕西省部分市
2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
阅读理解
陕西省咸阳市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What can you expect when you travel across the UK border What must you do if you want to travel to the UK The information here is for all travelers, including the UK Passport holders, residents and short-term visitors.
If you are making a short-term visit to the UK, the sections on visitors’ rights and responsibilities will tell you whether you can do business while you are here, what medical treatment is available to you, and whether you will register with the police.
Section 1: Customs
This section explains what you can bring into the UK, and how to go through customs control at the UK border.
Section 2: Before You Travel
This section explains who needs to apply for permission before travelling to the UK, why we collect information on passengers before they travel to the UK, and the requirements for general airline operators and pilots who want to travel to the UK.
Section 3: Enter the UK
This section explains what happens when you arrive at our border, how to use our IRIS system to enter the UK quickly, and what happens if you are refused to enter it.
Section 4: Transit through the UK
This section explains how you can pass through the UK, when travelling on to another country, describes the “transit without visa” permission and the direct air side visa, and tells you which document you will need.
This page is for visitors to consult and learn about countries around the world. Loads of travel guides can be clicked here!
1. What does Section 1 tell the visitors to the UK
A. British custom and culture.
B. Information about the UK visa.
C. Requests that are made by general pilots.
D. Some items that can be taken with them.
2. Which can you consult if you want to travel to the Republic of Ireland via the UK
A. Section 1. B. Section 2. C. Section 3. D. Section 4.
3. What does the author mainly want to provide for the visitors to the UK
A. Tourist attractions. B. Guidelines.
C. Places to register. D. Ways to get the passport.
B
Some futurists have gone so far as to say that, intelligent machines will replace teachers within 10 years. Not surprisingly, this causes concern among educators. As artificial intelligence (AI) develops, it is playing an increasingly important role in education. But should teachers really be worried
I have been involved in AI in education throughout my career, developed award-winning AI-based products. While I am more excited than ever about the potential of AI to improve the quality and economies of learning, I don’t think educators should worry about being replaced by machines. Instead, AI is more likely to empower teachers: reduce overwork, and make their jobs more rewarding.
Studies show that teachers have more impact on students’ achievement than any other aspect of schooling, and effective teachers have a lasting impact on students’ success. Yet many teachers report that their workload is unmanageable, and much of their time is devoted to activities other than teaching. This is an area where AI can help. For example, by automating the scoring of student work teachers spend less time on grading assignments and data input and management and focus instead on responding to students’ needs.
Teachers with large classes find it stressful to meet the needs of individual students. AI can give these the practice opportunities and individualize feedback that they otherwise might not receive. Teachers have few opportunities to interact with students outside of the classroom. AI-based learning environments can be made available to students anywhere and anytime. Leaning can continue outside of the classroom. This helps every learner to make rapid progress toward mastery of their subjects.
Thus the question should not be whether AI will replace teachers, but how it can support teacher and learners both inside and outside the classroom.
4. According to what futurists say in the first paragraph, we can learn ________.
A. intelligent machines are developing fast
B. teachers are irreplaceable in school
C. the teacher is playing an important role in education
D. Al might be a threat to educators
5. What is the author’s opinion about Al in education
A. AI has the potential to replace teachers.
B. AI is less useful than educators
C. AI can make education very profitable
D. AI can replace teachers
6. According to the author, Al can support teachers by ________.
A. helping teachers organize class activities
B. reducing the time teachers spend on activities other than teaching
C. interacting with students
D. helping teachers check how students are mastering what they have learnt
7. What is the author mainly talking about
A. The development of AI.
B. The impacts that teachers have had on education.
C. The importance of educators in education.
D. The ways that AI can help educators.
C
An exhibition of Song Buyun’s works is now running at the museum of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. The exhibition will run through Feb 27.
These days, a long awaited snowfall in Beijing easily creates a fanfare (轰动) online. One needn’t go outside to feel people’s excitement at a blanket of snow, as a glimpse of the photos and videos uploaded on social media will be enough.
Seventy years ago, however, while snow was common in Beijing, cameras were seldom to be seen; few were able to record the scenery of this historical city. One of the few was Song Buyun, the late oil painter and water-colorist who walked the streets and recorded the beauty of Beijing’s centuries-old architecture.
Cultural landmarks frozen in time are displayed in Song’s Beijing landscape series, picturing the peaceful atmosphere of the city’s historical spots over the course of a year, such as Tiantan. He documented people visiting the Palace Museum, swimming in lakes and clearing snow off the streets.
Dying in 1992, Song didn’t have a chance to show this body of work during his lifetime. It was eight years later that these paintings were made public for the first time at an exhibition held in his memory.
“Song’s paintings show the harmony between architecture and its surroundings” says Fan Di’an, dean of the Central Academy of Fine Arts. “The colors are vivid and arranged tastefully to give a refreshing look to these old bining skills of Chinese and Western art, his works preserve the varied landscape of a city, and under his brushwork, Song injected rich emotions, allowing his work to stand the test of time.”
8. What can we know about Song’s works in the exhibition
A. They were made with the help of cameras.
B. They focus on Beijing’s cultural landmarks.
C. They show people’s hard life in Beijing decades ago.
D. They have drawn wide attention and good comments online.
9. When did the public first see the body of Song’s Beijing landscape series
A. In 1951. B. In 1992. C. In 2000. D. In 2020.
10. What makes Song’s works last long
A. The colors Song used were very special.
B. Some architecture and surroundings don’t exist.
C. They are the only way to record the historic scenery.
D. Song’s skills and emotion make the works valuable.
11. What’s the best title of this test
A. Frozen in Time: an Old Beijing in Song Buyun’s Exhibition
B. Song Buyun: a Great Colour Master Who Painted Mountains
C. A Symphony of Colours: An Exhibition Giving You a Feast of Eyes
D. Landmarks in Beijing: the Harmony Architecture and Culture
D
Burning coal for energy adds planet-warning carbon dioxide (CO2) to Earth’s atmosphere. As the planet heats up, experts warn that simply cutting greenhouse gas emissions (排放) will not be enough to avoid global warming. CO2 must also be removed from the atmosphere.
Existing experimental machines that pull CO2 directly from the air are too expensive to be widely used. But a new effective technology to remove CO2 already exists. It is not expensive and easy. It is forests. Planting trees and watching forests are effective ways to clean the air.
Forests used to cover large areas of the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. In the state of West Virginia, coal mining let the land there bare, without trees. Over the years, coal mining and cutting forests took over 90 percent of the red spruce (云杉) forests.
Chris Barton works for the University of Kentucky. He started a group called Green Forests Work, aiming to put trees back on the roughly 400,000 hectares of land.
However, Barton explains the land has problems. “If you planted trees on these places, they just didn’t grow. The ground was too hard. Water didn’t infiltrate (渗透). The trees can’t root. Oxygen can’t circulate in those environments.” Using heavy equipment, workers tear the ground. In this way, the trees put down roots.
Barton says not everyone believes the solution is a good idea. “We’ve had a lot of doubtful look at us twice from people. But after we do it, there’s no question that it was the right thing to do.” And it has worked. Forests are coming back to the grounds.
Scientists say that, in West Virginia alone, restoring red spruce forests to the area could send what is equal to 56 million barrels (桶) of oil into the ground. But it will take time — a long time. Around the world, experts say, nature offers powerful tools to fight climate change. But patience is needed. Nature works, but slowly, in its own time.
12. What is the economical and effective way to remove CO2 from the air
A. Inventing new and powerful machines.
B. Cutting greenhouse gas emissions.
C. Making use of natural gases instead of coal
D. Planting trees and protecting forests.
13. What does the underlined word“tear” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Destroy. B. Repair. C. Cry. D. Cover.
14. What can we know from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5
A. Oxygen is not enough for trees to grow there.
B. Too many rocks had made it hard to plant trees.
C. Coal mining has spoiled the land through years.
D. There is no water for trees to grow there.
15. The last paragraph tells us that restoring the forest environment there is ________.
A. a painful process B. a slow process
C. a creative process D. a learning process
陕西省榆林市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to the Painting Competition for Woodlands Students
The International Anti-Drug Day this year is coming soon. In order to raise teenagers’ awareness to fight against drug taking, the City Art Council is going to hold a painting competition for the students in our city. Students who want to take part in the competition can hand in their own 2D paintings in either of the following two ways:
Each school will be provided with a box for students to put in their paintings. Boxes will be picked by the City Art Council on Thursday, June 23rd, 2016, before the end of the school day.
Paintings can be also handed in on Friday, June 24th, from 8:00 am to 10:00 am at the Woodlands Art Hall (175 Riverside Street).
All paintings are required to be 60 cm wide by 80 cm long or smaller. Larger sizes will not be accepted. Each student can only hand in one painting. The final decision on the competition results will be made on June 26th, the Anti-Drug Day. The name list of the winners will be made known on the website of the City Art Council on the same day. All winning paintings will be shown to the public at the City Youth Park from June 27th till the end of July.
Prizes:
1st Prize (10 students) ＝$ 300 Gift Card each
2nd Prize (20 students) ＝ $ 200 Gift Card each
3rd Prize (30 students)＝ $ 100 Gift Card each
For further information:
Visit http://www. woodlandsartcouncil. org or call 2569-8632.
1. The size of the paintings like ______ will be accepted.
A. 50 cm wide by 90 cm long B. 70 cm wide by 60 cm long
C. 60 cm wide by 90 cm long D. 60 cm wide by 70 cm long
2. The public can enjoy the winning paintings ______.
A. at the City Youth Park B. at 175 Riverside Street
C. at the Woodlands Art Hall D. at the City Art Council
3. What can we know from the passage
A. Each student can take part in the competition with one 3D painting.
B. Each of the second prize winners in the competition will get 300 dollars.
C. Students can get more information about the competition in two ways.
D. Students must put their paintings in the school box on June 24th.
B
Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and a representative of the High Tang culture, combination of realistic Northern culture represented by Confucian philosophy and romantic Southern culture represented by Taoist philosophy. But he could neither realize his Confucian ideal to serve the country nor find spiritual freedom in Taoism, so he could only chant poetry and drink wine to drown his sorrow as described by Du Fu in Eight Immortal Drinkers.
Here we see the tragedy of a genuine staying lonely on earth like an angel fallen from Heaven. His try is marked by male greatness in the Waterfall in Mount Lu Viewed from Afar, in which we see the mountain cloud from down below and the Silver River, Chinese name for the Milky Way, fall from on high, and heaven and earth seem to merge into one, that is the Chinese way of communion with nature. In his poetry, we can find his love of nature, of freedom, of the people, of his friends, in short, of truth, goo and beauty.
Li Bai is best known for the extraordinary imagination and striking Taoist imagery in his poetry, as well as for his great love for liquor. Like Du Fu, he spent much of his life travelling, although in his case it was because his wealth allowed him to, rather than because his poverty forced him. He is said to have drowned in the Yangtze River, having fallen from his boat while drunkenly trying to embrace the reflection of the moon.
4. According to the passage the statements are about Li Bai EXCEPT ______.
A. he is a representative of the combination of realistic and romantic culture
B. he could not put his ability to good use in serving his country at that time
C. he had a depressed mental state and only drunk wine and chanted poetry
D. he made the poems in which complaints and dissatisfaction could be shown
5. In his poetry Li Bai mainly described ______.
A. relationship between different classes B. criticism of social realism
C. beautiful nature and feelings D. cruelty of the officialdom
6. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Li Bai enjoyed drinking more tea than anything else.
B. Li Bai spent much time on travelling as well as Du Fu.
C. Li Bai had a more extraordinary imagination than Tao.
D. Li Bai had to do that because he was very poor.
7. In which column of the newspaper may the passage appear
A. Literature. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Fashion.
C
Don’t you want to talk less and smile more That seems to be Amazon’s vision for the future of the smart home. According to the company talking to their devices is just a temporary stage. Next, their gadgets (小玩意) will just know what we want and do it for us without a single command. To plot this route, the consumer tech giant showed off a series of new gadgets at its annual hardware event in September, 2020.
This vision of a smart home has been the road map for home automation for decades. A true smart home doesn’t just react to commands, it can foresee what will happen and take action accordingly. This could include lights switching on when you arrive home, heating turning off when the house is empty, or security drones (无人机) activating when somebody breaks in. Amazon says it’s ready for this domestic revolution, even if it’s still a few decades off.
Connectivity is the guarantee of a true smart home. The updated Echo smart speaker line that was recently displayed doesn’t just have a showy new look, it comes with a suite of tech to keep everything connected. This extended network, which will be launched in the US in later 2021, is designed to support expanding the smart home out to the smart garden and the smart driveway and beyond to the smart neighbourhood.
At the event, Amazon also showed off an actual robot. The Ring Always Home Cam ($ 250, coming in 2021) was perhaps the most fancy offering from the event, and certainly raised a fair number of eyebrows. At roughly 13cm high, the Always Home Cam is a drone with a camera. It rises up from its docking station and flies on pre-set paths. If a security event is detected, it will send warnings to your phone.
Ultimately, a true smart home won’t just rely on voice commands or drones. The less aggressive tech such as sensors, computer vision, and AI will work together to respond to our needs without violating our privacy. But, as Limp says, the true smart home “is a long-term vision, and there’s still lots to be done to make that a reality”.
8. According to Amazon’s vision, a true smart home ______.
A. is already available to the consumers last September
B. will be active and predictive
C. will be limited to indoor activities
D. can only act at its owner’s request
9. About the updated Echo smart speaker line, we know ______.
A. it only connects things in one’s own home B. it is necessity for a true smart home
C. it has an attractive new look D. it enjoys great popularity
10. What may the Ring Always Home Cam be unable to do
A. Call the police. B. Detect invaders. C. Send messages D. Take photos.
11. What does the passage focus on
A. Introducing the company of Amazon.
B. Advertising the benefits of the smart home.
C. Talking about how Echo smart speaker line works.
D. What the true smart home is like and some related gadgets.
D
The next time you are tempted to order takeout or buy food and drinks on the go, you might want to hold off. The results of a major new study may be enough to startle you to adjust your consumption habits, as they reveal significant amounts of global plastic litter linked to takeout food products.
The study analyzed 12 million pieces of litter collected from oceans and rivers shorelines, the sea floor, and open waters. Researchers found that 80% of items were plastic, and nearly half (44%) was related to takeout food and drinks—specifically, single-use bags, plastic bottles, food containers, and food wrappers. Other items included plastic caps and lids and disposable cutting tools. Lead study author Dr. Carmen Morales said, “I was shocked to find out that bags, bottles, food containers and cutting tools together with wrappers account for almost half of the human-made objects on a global scale.” Deserted fishing nets and ropes were another problem researchers noted, although more so in the open ocean, not along or near shorelines.
Based on their analysis, the researchers made three suggestions: First, replace takeout food and drink containers with materials that are more readily biodegradable; Second, introduce bans on avoidable plastics; Third, use deposit refund schemes to incentivize reusable products.
Until that day comes, however, it’s up to us as consumers to change the way we choose products in order to avoid unnecessary plastic packaging—and there is a better time to get started than now, as Plastic-Free July kicks off. If you have not yet heard of it, Plastic-Free July is an annual month-long challenge to reduce one’s use of single-use plastic and to discover alternatives to purchasing, consuming and transporting food (among other items). Keeping this new study in mind, here are some practical suggestions for reducing takeout-related single-use plastics in one’s day-to-day life.
12. What does the underlined word “startle” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Stop. B. Prohibit. C. Stimulate. D. Promise.
13. How do the researchers conduct the study
A. By analyzing the data. B. By performing experiments.
C. By doing questionnaires. D. By comparing the impact.
14. What may be talked about in the following paragraph
A. Ways to buy reusable products. B. Things we should do properly.
C. Further study made by researchers. D. The impact of Plastic-Free July.
15. What may be the best title for the text
A. Ordering Takeout Has Become a Trend
B. Thrown Wastes Do Harm to the Ocean
C. We Should Form Right Consumption Habits
D. Plastic Waste from Takeout Is a Big Problem
陕西省宝鸡市金台区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Make Money This Summer with Sunny Libraries!
Do you have too much free time this summer vacation Do you need a summer job to earn extra money Do you want to be involved in your community Sunny Area Library System (SALS) has job opportunities for high school students. These are good chances to get work experience.
Book Theater brings children’s book stories to life. It has shows at all Sunny Libraries. Applicants should enjoy performing in front of an audience and working with young children. Work Hours: Practice: Fridays 4:00 pm — 6:00 pm Performance: Tuesdays 10:00 am Rate of Pay: $16/performance Computer Tutor helps guests to deal with technology problems, involving Internet searches and using the SALS Website to find materials. Applicants should have computer skills. Work Hours: Monday—Friday 9:00 am—5:00 pm Rate of Pay: $ 8/hour
Bookmobile helps the driver find the routes to libraries. The truck you work in is air-conditioned, and the driver is friendly. Applicants must be able to lift heavy boxes. Work Hours: Sunday and Friday 9:00am— 4:00pm Rate of Pay: $10/hour Reader Desk provides service with a smile while checking materials in and out to guests. Friendly attitude and ability to work on library data system required. Work Hours: Monday—Tuesday8:00am—4:00 pm Rate of Pay: $ 7.50/hour
1. How much can you earn if you work as Computer Tutor for one week
A. $64. B. $120. C. $320. D. $140.
2. What are you expected to do if you get the job of “Reader Desk”
A. To repair computers. B. To lift heavy boxes.
C. To work with young children. D. To check materials for guests.
3. If you are interested in acting, what should be your choice
A. Book Theater. B. Computer Tutor.
C. Bookmobile. D. Reader desk.
4. If you get the job of “Bookmobile”, you are expected to________.
A. work with young children B. lift heavy boxes
C check materials D. repair computers
5. What’s the main purpose of the above advertisement
A. To attract students to libraries. B. To raise money for libraries.
C. To introduce new books. D. To provide job opportunities.
B
Country music is one of the most popular kinds of music in the United States today because it is about simple but strong human feelings and events — love, sadness, good times, and bad times. It tells real-life, stories and sounds the way people really talk. As life becomes more complicated (复杂), it is good to hear music about ordinary people.
Country music, sometimes called country-western, comes from two kinds of music. One is the traditional music of the people in the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern Unite States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the west. The singers usually play guitars, and in the 1920s they started using electric guitars. At first city people said country music was low class. It was popular mostly in the South.
But during World War II, thousands of Southerners went to the Northeast and Midwest to work in the factories. They took their music with them. Soldiers from the rest of the country went to army camps (军营) in the South. They learned country music. Slowly it became popular all over the country.
Today country music is also popular everywhere in the United States and Canada — in small towns and in New York City, among black and white, and among educated and uneducated people. About 1, 200 radio stations broadcast country music twenty-four hours a day. English stars sing it in British English, and people in other countries sing it in their own languages. The music that started with cowboys and poor southerners is now popular all over the world.
6. It can be learned from the passage that country music comes from ____.
A. the Northeast and Midwest B. real-life stories in small towns
C. factories and army camps in the South D. the Appalachian Mountains and the West
7. Before World War II country music was popular mainly in _____.
A. the Northeast B. the north C. the Midwest D. the south
8. During World War II many Southerners went to the Northeast and the Mid-west because ___.
A. they wanted to take music with them B. they wanted to work in the factories there
C. they wanted to make country music popular D. they wanted to make other people like country music
9. Country music is one of the most popular kinds of music in the world today because ______.
A. city people said it was low class B. it started with cowboys and poor Southerners
C. people could sing it in many different languages D. it is loved by different kinds of people in the world
10. Which of the following is wrong according to the passage
A. City people didn’t like country music at first.
B. Country music is sung by stars all in English.
C. Country music is about human feelings and events.
D. Country music is popular among city people today.
C
Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when they worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources(资源).
Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short maths tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored(得分) an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved(提高) their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated(不相关的) to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade, of B+, compared to a B- for those who did not.
“What we showed is that for student who are highly test-anxious, who’d done our writing intervention(干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. They were performing just as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these tests.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
11. What do the students start worrying about before an exam
A. Whether they can pass the exams. B. What other students do during the test.
C. Whether they have remembered the materials. D. What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper.
12. What is the solution developed by researchers
A. Making the students focused on the test.
B. Asking the students to sit quietly before the test.
C. Having the students write about their worries about the test.
D. Asking the students to direct the attention away from the test.
13. According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test ______.
A. became less nervous before the test B. were better at controlling their feelings
C. did worse than those who wrote about their feelings D. did better than those who wrote about their feelings
14. We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.
A. writing about our worries before an exam can work a bit
B. we can only write about our worries right before an exam
C. the best place to write about our worries is in the test room
D it doesn’t matter where we write about our worries before an exam
15. In which part of a magazine can we probably read this text
A. Mental health. B. Sports. C. Technology. D. Culture.
陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Journalists are the professionals(专业人士) that are responsible for bringing all up-to-date information to readers from every comer of the world. By delivering their voice, many famous journalists have earned worldwide fame.
Joseph Pulitzer
According to Joseph Pulitzer, if a nation can be seen as a large ship at sea, the journalists are its watchkeepers who report hidden dangers to make sure the safe journey of the ship.He worked for the St.Louis Post-Dispatch and The World. He is known to the world as the “Grandfather of Modern Journalism”.
Margaret Bourke White
Margaret Bourke-White is known as the first female war journalist and a skilled photo-journalist. She did some outstanding work by creating a photographic record of World War and the Great Depression.She was the only photo-journalist who was permitted to work in combat zone by the US army to report the war.
Carl Bernstein
Carl Bernstein is one of the most famous American investigative journalist, and he has proved the saying,“The pen is more powerful than sword”. Carl worked with another great journalist Bob Woodward at The Washington Post.They brought about a revolution in the US by working together on the Watergate scandal(丑闻),which led to President Richard Nixon's resignation.This let The Washington Post receive a Pulitzer Prize for Public Service in1973.
Anna Quindlen
Anna Quindlen's love for journalism gave her a kick-start from her high school where she worked for her high school paper. Later, she went on to write interesting and in demand columns(专栏)like“Hers”,”Public and Private”and many more for The New York Times,which won her the Pulitzer Prize in 1992.This is the reason why she is known as the“Voice of the Baby Boomers”.
21. Who has contributed most to modern journalism
A. Joseph Pulitzer. B. Margaret Bourke-White.
C. Carl Bernstein. D. Anna Quindlen.
22. How many female journalists does the text mention in all
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
23. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear
A. Science. B. Entertainment. C. Figure. D. Service.
B
Students decide to take a job while being in university because of two reasons: on the one hand, they need money; on the other hand, they want to experience something new and they want to see what working means.
But is it good to take a job while you are a university student There are both advantages and disadvantages if we were to answer this question. If we were to think about the advantages, we could mention the ones I have just discussed. Having a job at an early age helps us gain experience, which will be very useful to our later life. We may become financially independent and don’t need to ask our parents for money each time we want to go downtown with our friends, or spend the holiday at the seaside or in the mountains.
However, students who take a job might have problems in spending enough time on their study. If they work during the day, they may have to be absent from their classes, and if they work at night they will feel tired the next day. They may choose to stay at home, resting. What’s worse, some students may even get bored with study.
Well, this fact happens every now and then, but there are cases when well-prepared students take a part-time job but at the same time they make time for study, too. And they have good results. Their case is a good example to follow among the students who decide to work while being in university. Anyway, we need to keep in mind that study is the most important job for a student.
24. The writer believes that some college students work ______.
A. for pleasure B. to learn something practical
C. to support their family D. for further education.
25. What are the benefits for college students who take a job according to the passage
A Prepare them for their future careers
B. Make more friends
C. Win free journeys
D. Have complete independence from their family
26. Taking a job may cause students to ______.
A. be absent from their exams
B. receive punishment from their teachers
C. be in conflict with their roommates
D. lose their interest in their studies
27. In the last paragraph, the writer implies that college students ______ .
A can keep a balance between work and study
B. should not take a job
C had better take a part-time job during vacation
D. should learn by doing
C
Chuvina was 56 when she discovered knife throwing in 2007. She'd landed a simple job in the coat check section of the local pool. One day, two young people came by to discuss the possibility of opening a knife throwing club there. It was the first time that Chuvina had heard of knife throwing, so she decided to have a try and signed up for training. Just a month and a half into her training, she learned that her hometown would soon host a knife throwing competition. She signed up and shocked the audience by winning first place.
Her victory inspired many people, but there were also those who simply called it beginner's luck. Chuvina silenced the latter at the 2007 National Knife Throwing Championship in Moscow, where she beat the best knife throwers in the country. Her very first prize had been a brand-new meat-grinder, but for her win at the nationals, she received a mobile phone and an air mattress. This greatly motivated her to participate in more competitions.
In 2008, Chuvina competed in the World Knife Throwing Championship in Kaliningrad, against 36 of the world's best knife throwers. She was the only retiree among the participants, but she won once again, becoming the world's number one knife thrower.
Throughout her amazing career, Chuvina won 5 national championships, as well as 50 medals and titles. In most countries, she would have been considered a national treasure, but not in Russia. Chuvina got much attention from the press, giving interviews and making appearances on television shows, but she never really received any great support from anyone, including the authorities. Chuvina stopped going to competitions mostly because she couldn't afford to travel.
Chuvina didn't return to her old job at the local pool, and despite getting offers from parents to teach their kids, these offers never materialized. Today, at age 68, she lives in a shabby house and makes ends meet on a monthly pension of 17,000 rubles（$ 220）.
28. Why did Chuvina sign up for knife throwing training at 56
A. Out of curiosity. B. To land a better job.
C. To make more friends. D. Under the persuasion of others.
29. Chuvina's first victory in knife throwing _______.
A. made her a role model B. won her global fame
C. brought about different voices D. resulted from her long hard training
30. What was the main driving force that Chuvina competed against other knife throwers
A. The possibility of becoming well-known.
B. The material rewards offered to winners.
C. The desire of obtaining financial support.
D. The aim to learn from people superior to her.
31. Chuvina's great achievements in knife throwing _______.
A. enabled her to live an easy retirement life
B. helped her to win official recognition
C. did little good to her financial situation
D. made her more popular at her workplace
D
Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists don’t have the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently. The device, which is about as sensitive to light and has sharper vision and a faster reaction time than a real eyeball, may outperform human eyes.
The human eye owes its wide field of view and clear eyesight to the retina(视网膜)—an area at the back of the eyeball covered in light-detecting cells. The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back of the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with Nan scale light sensors(纳米级光感器). Those sensors measure light that passes through the lens(晶状体) at the front of the eye. Wires attached to the back of the retina send signals from those sensors to the processor, similar to the way nerve networks connect the eyeball to the brain.
“In the future, we can use this to replace damaged human eyes,” says the lead designer. In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square centimeter. Besides, the artificial eyeball records changes in lighting faster than human eyes can—within about 30 to 40 milliseconds, rather than 40 to 150 milliseconds. Although its 100-degree field of view isn’t as broad as the150 degrees a human eye can take in, the device can see as well as the human eye in poor light.
Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.
32. Why does Zhiyong Fan develop the artificial eye
A. To replace people’s real eyeballs. B. To gain a sharper vision.
C. To help the blind regain their eyesight. D. To help normal eyes perform better.
33. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The design of the artificial eye.
B. The structure of the human eye.
C. The advantages of the artificial eye.
D. The material used for the artificial eye.
34. What can we learn about the artificial eye and the human eye
A. They have the same structure.
B. The artificial eye may see more clearly.
C. The human eye sees better in weak light.
D. The artificial eye takes in a broader view.
35. Which word best describes Hongrui Jiang’s attitude to the artificial eye
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable. C. Tolerant. D. Ambiguous.
陕西省渭南市临渭区华州区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分满分30分阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The cost of living in countries like the United States, Britain, Australia or France has increased in recent years. But, if you’re willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries having an extremely cheap and low cost of living. So, if you have the flexibility of living wherever you please, and want to live in a country the cost of living is the cheapest in the world, check out there 3 countries when planning you next move.
Cambodia
Cambodia may not be the first country that comes to mind when you think of a tropical paradise, but it’s pretty close. The added bonus is that living here is insanely cheap, unlike some other tropical getaways. A luxury home with four bedrooms and a pool would only cost about $ 600 a month. A decent three-bedroom vacation home can be purchased here for just $ 20,000. And, for only about $ 2,000 a year, you can also hire a gardener and housekeeper to take care of your property.
Ecuador
Ecuador is similar to the United States in may ways, and a result, it has become a popular American getaway. They even use the US Dollar for their currency. In this country, it’s cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on budget in the U.S. You can even buy a property for around 50,000 and hire someone to tend to it while you’re away.
Mexico
Although the country is known for its poverty ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide every amenity you might need. You can live off a mere $ 700 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, amenities, food, and any sights.
1. How much money do you need to pay to look after your property for a year in Cambodia
A. $ 600. B. $ 2,000. C. $ 20,000. D. $ 700.
2. What things will you be unable to enjoy in Mexico
A. Any scenery. B. Amenities. C. A nice place. D. Tropical climate.
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. The cost of living in countries like the United States, Britain, Australia or France has decreased in recent years.
B. Cambodia must be the first country that comes to mind when you think of a tropical paradise
C. The people in Ecuador even use the US Dollar for their currency.
D. Cambodia is known for its poverty ridden streets.
B
In 1867 when Canada was created, a towering Silver Maple tree standing in front of Alexander Muir’s house in Toronto gave him an idea. He would write a poem and a song about the great tree, so common in Canada and so symbolic, to celebrate Canada’s Confederation (联邦).
His song was called The Maple Leaf Forever and it has been the unofficial Canadian anthem (国歌) to this day.
Last July during a major storm, the tree was knocked down. It fell across a house and a street. But because it was an important historic tree, most of the wood was saved rather than being destroyed.
Recently woodworkers at The Evergreen Brick Works in Toronto, a community projects centre, cut the wood into logs and other usable pieces. The pieces were given to artists to create about 150 different projects.
One artist took a piece of tree. On it, he’ll carve a series of historical Canadian views. Another wood carver is making beautiful round wooden bowls. Yet another made an interesting candlestick from the tree’s branches.
Other woodworkers are making wood wig stands for cancer patients who lose their hair. Still others are taking small pieces of wood and making them into pens. And some of the wood was made into gavels (小木槌) to be used by Toronto’ s city councilors (市议员) . Some of the projects will be on public show while some will be personally owned.
The people in Toronto who have lived near the tree for years and try to protect it from harm are very sad to see the old tree go. But they are glad to see that their maple tree will live forever in the hearts and homes of many people.
4. Why did Alexander write The Maple Leaf Forever
A. To express his love for the maple tree.
B. To celebrate the birth of Canada.
C. To go with his poem.
D. To memorize the maple tree.
5. What do we know about the song The Maple Leaf Forever
A. It was inspired by a maple tree.
B. It has been the official anthem in Canada.
C. It was adapted from a poem.
D. It was created before the year 1867.
6. Why was the wood of the tree kept by many people
A. The tree had practical value.
B. They used it to honour Alexander Muir.
C. They thought the tree was publicly owned.
D. The tree was closely tied to Canadian history.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. Maple Tree in Toronto
B. Projects of Maple Tree
C. A Fallen Maple Tree Was Saved
D. Maple Tree Will Live Forever
C
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic (疫情) rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne, Australia, may have the solution.
To recycle the abandoned masks, Jie Li and his team added millions of face masks to road-paving (铺路) materials. They found the polypropylene (聚丙烯)plastic used to make single-use face masks could really increase the flexibility of the road.
The new composite material is a mixture of about 2% masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a material produced from waste concrete and other minerals from buildings pulled down. This recycled material found in the study is ideal for two of the four layers generally required to create roadways. And the final product is more resistant to wear than normal asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper too, if there was a method for collecting masks.
Li and his team did a cost-analysis and found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining materials, and as much as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill (垃圾填埋场). If the percentage of damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with Li’s mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
The team is going to look for industry partners or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.
8. What’s the purpose of the research
A. To reduce burden on the environment.
B. To invent a method for collecting masks.
C. To find a substitute for asphalt.
D To ring the alarm bells.
9. What does the underlined word “composite” in Paragraph 3 means
A. popular. B. combined.
C powerful. D. original
10. What do we know about the new material
A. It is mainly made of masks. B. It is expensive to ship.
C. It has four layers. D. It is money-saving.
11. What will Li’s team probably do next
A. His team will do a cost-analysis.
B. His team will seek for support.
C. His team will increase the flexibility of roads.
D. His team will repair the damaged roads.
D
Until now, robots have carried their pretty weak brains inside them. They've received instructions such as take this, or cany that—and done it. Not only that, but they’ve worked in environments such as factories and warehouses specially designed or adapted for them.
Cloud robotics promises something entirely new: robots with super-brains stored in the online cloud. The thinking is that these robots, with their intellectual impact, will be more flexible in the jobs they do and the places they can work, perhaps even speeding up their arrival in our homes.
Google Cloud and Amazon Cloud both have robot brains that are learning and growing inside them. The dream behind cloud robotics is to create robots that can see, hear, understand natural language and the world around them.
The Fetch Cloud Robotics Platform is a cloud-driven autonomous Mobile Robot(AMR )solution that addresses material handling and data collection for warehouses.
One of the leading players in cloud robotics research is Robo Brain, a project led by researchers at Stanford and Cornell universities in the US. Funded by Google, Microsoft government institutions and universities, the team are building a robot brain on the Amazon cloud, learning how to integrate different software systems and different sources of data.
Another one to watch is the Everyday Robot Project, by X, “the moonshot factory" at Alphabet Google's parent company. The project aims to develop robots intelligent enough to make sense of the places we live and work. They' re making headway too-testing cloud robots in Alphabet offices in Northern California. So far, the tasks are simple, such as sorting the recycling (pretty slowly says X), but it's the shape of robots to come.
12. What's the difference between common robots and cloud robotics
A. They can do entirely different jobs.
B. They are controlled by different instructions
C. Cloud robotics have larger brain than common robots.
D. Cloud robotics can "think" of themselves while common robots can't.
13. What's the author's attitude towards cloud robotics
A. Appreciative B. Negative C. Indifferent D. Disagreeable.
14. What can we know from the passage
A. Nowadays robots can work everywhere.
B. Cloud robotics promises to help people in families.
C. Robo Brain got money from Google, Microsoft and X.
D. Robots by Google Cloud and Amazon Cloud are totally different things.
15. Where can we read this passage
A. a travel brochure B. A literature paper.
C. A science magazine D. A healthy Guide.
答案：
陕西省咸阳市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要为到英国的游客提供指导方针。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Section 1: Customs部分“This section explains what you can bring into the UK, and how to go through customs control at the UK border.”（本节介绍您可以携带什么物品进入英国，以及如何在英国边境通过海关管制。）可知，Section 1在告诉英国游客可以随身携带的物品有什么。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Section 4部分“This section explains how you can pass through the UK, when travelling on to another country, describes the “transit without visa” permission and the direct air side visa, and tells you which document you will need.”（本节介绍了您如何通过英国前往另一个国家，描述了“无签证过境”许可和直接航空签证，并告诉您需要哪些文件。）可知，Section 4介绍了通过英国前往另一个国家时，需要如何做，所以如果你想通过英国前往爱尔兰共和国，你可以咨询Section 4。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“What can you expect when you travel across the UK border What must you do if you want to travel to the UK ”（当你穿越英国边境时，你能期待什么？如果你想去英国旅行，你必须做什么？）以及最后一段“This page is for visitors to consult and learn about countries around the world.”（本页供访问者咨询和了解世界各国。）可知，作者在文章中为到英国的游客提供指导方针。故选B项。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章中作者认为人工智能不但不会威胁到教师这份职业，它还可以帮助教师一起工作，并且具体讲述了人工智能帮助教育工作者的方式。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Some futurists have gone so far as to say that ,intelligent machines will replace teachers within 10 years.”(一些未来学家甚至说，智能机器将在10年内取代教师。)，可知，一些未来学家认为人工智能可能对教育工作者构成威胁。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Instead，AI is more likely to empower teachers: reduce overwork, and make their jobs more rewarding. ”(相反，人工智能更有可能为教师的工作助力：减少过度工作，让他们的工作更有价值。)，可知，作者认为人工智能不但不会威胁到教师这份职业，它还可以帮助老师一起工作。C选项（人工智能可以对教育非常有好处）符合题意。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二三句“Yet many teachers report that their workload is unmanageable，and much of their time is devoted to activities other than teaching. This is an area where AI can help.”(然而，许多教师报告说，他们的工作量难以管理，他们的大部分时间都花在教学之外的活动上。这是人工智能可以帮助的领域。)，可知，人工智能可以通过减少教师在教学以外的活动上花费的时间的方式支持教师。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“Instead，AI is more likely to empower teachers: reduce overwork, and make their jobs more rewarding. ”(相反，人工智能更有可能为教师的工作助力：减少过度工作，让他们的工作更有价值。)及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述人工智能对教育工作者的帮助。D选项 (人工智能帮助教育工作者的方式。)能够概括文章主旨。故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，介绍了已逝画家宋步云的作品正在中央美术学院博物馆里展出，对他的记录老北京的历史景观的作品做了简单介绍，尤其是他的中西方结合的绘画技巧与他融入画中的情感，使他的作品能历经时间的考验。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Cultural landmarks frozen in time are displayed in Song’s Beijing landscape series, picturing the peaceful atmosphere of the city’s historical spots over the course of a year, such as Tiantan. He documented people visiting the Palace Museum, swimming in lakes and clearing snow off the streets. (在宋的《北京景观》系列中，冻结在时间里的文化地标被展示出来，描绘了天坛等城市历史景点一年来的宁静氛围。他记录了人们参观故宫博物院，在湖里游泳，清除街道上的积雪)”可知，他的作品集中于北京的文化地标。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Dying in 1992, Song didn’t have a chance to show this body of work during his lifetime. It was eight years later that these paintings were made public for the first time at an exhibition held in his memory.（逝世于1992年，宋没有机会在他的有生之年里展出他的作品。8年后这些绘画作品才在一个为了纪念他而举办的画展中首次公开）”可知，在2000年公众才首次看到他的作品。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Combining skills of Chinese and Western art, his works preserve(保存) the varied landscape of a city, and under his brushwork, Song injected rich emotions, allowing his work to stand the test of time.（结合了中西方艺术技巧，他的作品保存了各种各样的城市景观，在他的画法里，宋注入了丰富的情感，使他的作品能历经时间的考验）”可知，宋的作品能历经时间考验是因为他作品中的艺术技巧和注入的情感。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了已逝画家宋步云的作品正在中央美术学院博物馆里展出，对他的记录老北京的历史景观的作品做了简单介绍，尤其是他的中西方结合的绘画技巧与他融入画中的情感，使他的作品能历经时间的考验，因此，A项“Frozen in time: an old Beijing in Song Buyun’s exhibition”为本文最佳标题。故选A。
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了抑制全球变暖的方法——植树护林。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But a new effective technology to remove CO2 already exists. It is not expensive and easy. It is forests. Planting trees and watching forests are effective ways to clean the air.(但是一项新的有效的技术已经存在。它不贵而且容易。它是森林。植树造林是净化空气的有效方法)”可知，从空气中去除二氧化碳的经济有效的方法是植树护林。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的“The ground was too hard. Water didn't infiltrate (渗透). The trees can't root.(地面太硬了。水没有渗入。这些树不能生根)”和划线后面的“the trees put down roots(这些树扎根了)”可知，使用了大型设备把地面撕开了，这样树才能扎根。由此推知，划线词tear与destroy(破坏)意思接近 。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Forests used to cover large areas of the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. In the state of West Virginia, coal mining let the land there bare, without trees.(森林曾经覆盖了美国东部阿巴拉契亚山脉的大片地区。在西弗吉尼亚州，煤矿开采让那里的土地光秃秃的，没有树木)”第五段中的“If you planted trees on these places, they just didn't grow. The ground was too hard. Water didn't infiltrate (渗透). The trees can't root. Oxygen can't circulate in those environments. (如果你在这些地方植树，它们就不会生长。地面太硬。水不会渗入。树木不能生根。氧气不能在这些环境中循环)”可推知，煤矿开采把那里的土地毁掉了。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But it will take time — a long time. (但这需要时间——很长时间)”以及“But patience is needed. Nature works, but slowly,in its own time.(但需要耐心。大自然在它自己的时间里工作，但很慢)”可知，恢复森林环境是一个缓慢的过程。 故选B。
陕西省榆林市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告类型的文章。文章介绍了今年的国际禁毒日即将到来，市艺术委员会将为本市学生举办伍德兰学生绘画比赛，文章介绍了其有关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段前两句“All paintings are required to be 60 cm wide by 80 cm long or smaller. Larger sizes will not be accepted.”（所有绘画都要求60厘米宽，80厘米长或更小。不接受较大尺寸。），可知像D选项（60厘米宽，70厘米长）这样的尺寸的画将会被接受。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“All winning paintings will be shown to the public at the City Youth Park from June 27th till the end of July.”（所有获奖作品将于6月27日至7月底在城市青年公园向公众展出。），可知公众可以在城市青年公园欣赏获奖作品。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一个标题及其内容“For further information:Visit http://www. woodlandsartcouncil. org or call 2569-8632.”（有关进一步信息：浏览网站http://www. woodlandsartcouncil.或致电2569-8632。）可知，从这篇文章中我们知道学生可以通过两种方式获得有关比赛的更多信息。故选C。
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人李白的诗歌和生平经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Li Bai is regarded as the greatest romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty and a representative of the High Tang culture, combination of realistic Northern culture represented by Confucian philosophy and romantic Southern culture represented by Taoist philosophy. But he could neither realize his Confucian ideal to serve the country nor find spiritual freedom in Taoism, so he could only chant poetry and drink wine to drown his sorrow as described by Du Fu in Eight Immortal Drinkers.”（李白被认为是唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人，是以儒家哲学为代表的现实主义北方文化与以道家哲学为代表的浪漫主义南方文化相结合的盛唐文化的代表。但他既无法实现儒家的报国理想，也无法在道家中找到精神自由，只能吟诗饮酒，如杜甫在《八仙饮客》中所描述的那样，借以消愁。），可知A选项（他是现实主义和浪漫主义文化结合的代表）B选项（当时他不能很好地利用自己的能力为国家服务）C选项（他情绪低落，只能喝酒和吟诗）都正确；D选项（他创作的诗歌中抱怨和不满能够被展示出来）没有被提及。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In his poetry, we can find his love of nature, of freedom, of the people, of his friends, in short, of truth, goo and beauty.”（在他的诗歌中，我们可以找到他对自然、自由、人民、朋友的热爱，简言之，对真、善、美的热爱。），可知李白在他的诗歌中主要描写了美丽的自然与情感。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Like Du Fu, he spent much of his life travelling, although in his case it was because his wealth allowed him to, rather than because his poverty forced him.”（和杜甫一样，他一生中的大部分时间都在旅行，尽管对他来说，这是因为他的财富允许他旅行，而不是因为贫穷迫使他旅行。），可知从最后一段我们能了解到：李白和杜甫一样花了很多时间在旅行上。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意，文章介绍了唐代最伟大的浪漫主义诗人李白的诗歌和生平，可知这篇文章会出现在报纸的文学专栏。故选A。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊对智能家居未来的愿景和畅想，以及描述了智能家居的一些设备功能。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A true smart home doesn't just react to commands, it can foresee what will happen and take action accordingly.”（一个真正的智能家居不仅仅是对命令作出反应，它可以预见将会发生什么并且有依据的采取措施）可知，一个智能家是积极的并且可预测的。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The updated Echo smart speaker line that was recently displayed doesn't just have a showy new look, it comes with a suit of tech to keep everything connected.”（最近显示更新的Echo智能扬声器不仅具有显眼的新外观，还配备了一套技术来保持所有连接）可推断出，它有一个吸引人的新外表，与选项C一致，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“the Always Home Cam is a drone with a camera. It rises up from its docking station and flies on pre-set paths. If a security event is detected, it will send warnings to your phone.”（这个机器人是一个带相机的无人机，它从对接站升起，按照预先设定的路线飞行。如果检测到安全事件，它会向你的手机发送警告）可推断出，它能够拍照、发送消息以及侦测安全，但不能给警察打电话。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Don't you want to talk less and smile more That seems to be Amazon's vision for the future of the smart home.”（你想说更少的话并笑的更多吗？这似乎是亚马逊对智能家居未来的愿景。）和下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了智能家居的未来是什么样子，并且也描述了机器人，扬声器等小玩意，选项D可以全面概括文章的主旨。故选D。
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了一项研究表明外卖塑料包装成为一个大问题，然后给出了一些建议，呼吁我们立刻行动起来保护环境。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词所在句子“The results of a major new study may be enough to startle you to adjust your consumption habits, as they reveal significant amounts of global plastic litter linked to takeout food products.”（一项新的重大研究结果可能足以startle你来调整你的消费习惯，因为它们揭示了大量与外卖食品相关的全球塑料垃圾。），可知新的研究结果足以激发你去调整你的消费习惯。C选项Stimulate (促进，激发，刺激)符合题意。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一二句“The study analyzed 12 million pieces of litter collected from oceans and rivers, shorelines, the sea floor, and open waters. Researchers found that 80% of items were plastic, and nearly half (44%) was related to takeout food and drinks—specifically, single-use bags, plastic bottles, food containers, and food wrappers. Other items included plastic caps and lids and disposable cutting tools.”（这项研究分析了从海洋、河流、海岸线、海底和开阔水域收集的1200万件垃圾。研究人员发现80%的物品是塑料的，近一半（44%）与外卖食品和饮料有关，特别是一次性包装袋、塑料瓶、食品容器和食品包装。其他物品包括塑料盖和盖子以及一次性切割工具。），可知研究者们是通过分析数据来进行研究的。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Keeping this new study in mind, here are some practical suggestions for reducing takeout-related single-use plastics in one’s day-to-day life.”（记住这项新的研究，以下是一些减少日常生活中与外卖相关的一次性塑料的实用建议。），可知接下来的内容应该是如何去做来减少和外卖一次性塑料包装，也就是我们应该做的正确的事情。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读整篇文章，前两段讲述了外卖包装的一次性塑料包装给我们带来了很大的问题，后面两段提出了三项建议，呼吁我们马上行动起来，在我们的日常生活中减少外卖相关的一次性塑料包装。可知D选项（外卖产生的塑料垃圾是一个大问题）作为标题最合适。故选D。
陕西省宝鸡市金台区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。短文是一则图书馆的广告，给大学生暑假提供工作机会，这样他们既可以赚钱也可以接触社会。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第二个框里的“Work Hours: Monday—Friday 9:00 am—5:00 pm，Rate of Pay: $ 8/hour（工作时间：周一至周五上午9时至下午5时，工资标准：8美元/小时）”可知，如果你做一个星期的计算机家教，你能挣的钱是8*5*8=320美元，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第四个框里的“Reader Desk provides service with a smile while checking materials in and out to guests.（Reader Desk微笑着为客人进出的时候检查材料）”可知，如果你得到“Reader Desk”的工作，你要为客人检查材料。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第一个框里的“Applicants should enjoy performing in front of an audience and working with young children.（申请人应喜欢在观众面前表演，并与儿童一起工作。）”可知，如果你对表演感兴趣，你应该选择Book Theater这份工作，故选A。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第三个框里的“Applicants must be able to lift heavy boxes.（申请人必须能举起重箱子。）”可知，如果你得到了“Bookmobile”的工作，你要能举起重箱子，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Sunny Area Library System (SALS) has job opportunities for high school students. These are good chances to get work experience.（Sunny Area Library System(SALS)为高中学生提供就业机会。这些都是获得工作经验的好机会。）”可知，本文是一则图书馆的广告，目的是提供工作机会。故选D。
【答案】6. D 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乡村音乐的起源与发展。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Country music, sometimes called country-western, comes from two kinds of music. One is the traditional music of the people in the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern Unite States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the west.”(乡村音乐，有时被称为西部乡村音乐，来源于两种音乐。一种是美国东部阿巴拉契亚山脉的传统音乐。另一种是西部传统的牛仔音乐。)可知，乡村音乐来自于阿拉巴契亚山和西部地区，故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At first city people said country music was low class. It was popular mostly in the South.”(起初城里人说乡村音乐是低级的，主要在南方流行。)和第三段中“But during World War II, thousands of Southerners went to the Northeast and Midwest to work in the factories. They took their music with them.”(但在第二次世界大战期间，成千上万的南方人前往东北部和中西部的工厂工作。他们带走了他们的音乐。)可知，二战前乡村音乐主要在南方流行，故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But during World War II, thousands of Southerners went to the Northeast and Midwest to work in the factories.(但在第二次世界大战期间，成千上万的南方人去东北部和中西部的工厂工作)”可知，二战期间，很多南方人去了东北部和中西部的工厂工作，故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Today country music is also popular everywhere in the United States and Canada — in small towns and in New York City, among black and white, and among educated and uneducated people. About 1, 200 radio stations broadcast country music twenty-four hours a day. English stars sing it in British English, and people in other countries sing it in their own languages.”(今天，乡村音乐在美国和加拿大也很流行——在小城镇和纽约市，在黑人和白人之间，在受过教育和没有受过教育的人之间。大约有1200家电台，每天24小时播放乡村音乐。英国明星用英语唱，其他国家的人用他们自己的语言唱。)可推断出，乡村音乐目前成为世界最流行的音乐之一是因为它受到了世界各地人们的喜爱，故选D。
5.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“English stars sing it in British English, and people in other countries sing it in their own languages.”(英国明星用英语唱，其他国家的人用他们自己的语言唱。)可知，明星唱乡村音乐时并不都用英语，所以B选项“Country music is sung by stars all in English.”(明星唱乡村音乐时都用英语。)是错误的，故选B。
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了Beilock教授和另一位研究员Gerardo Ramirez发明了一种能帮助学生在考前缓解焦虑的方法——在考试前学生写下自己的担心。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The students start worrying about the results.”(学生们开始担心考试结果)可知，考试前学生们开始担心他们的考试结果，即他们能否通过考试，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about t