山东省部分市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：七选五专题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 山东省部分市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：七选五专题（含答案） |  | |
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山东省部分市
2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五专题
山东省临沂市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As much as 80 percent of early heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. ___16___ But others may not have crossed your mind. Actually, a small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run.
Get eight hours of sleep. When we are not rested, everything that happens in our life is a lot more stressful. If we don't have enough sleep, our bodies will have difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation（炎症）and glucose levels（血糖水平）. ___17___
Laugh. A study found a lower incidence（发生率）of heart disease in those who reported laughing every day. For one thing, laughter reduces stress and depression. For another, it may also serve as a mini-workout, helping blood circulation and protecting our heart.
___18___ Research showed that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health. By participating in voluntary activities, we can get out of the house and create a social network, thus decreasing feelings of loneliness and naturally preventing heart disease.
Treat depression. ___19___ Not only are we more likely to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise, there are also physiological effects of this condition on the body, such as higher levels of blood sugar, which can be associated with poor heart health.
Have breakfast. A recent study found that healthy people who didn't have breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who had breakfast regularly. ___20___ Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruits.
A. Reduce risks.
B. Engage in volunteer work.
C. Depression can affect the way we behave.
D. Depression is a serious cause of heart disease.
E. These factors can all have an impact on our heart health.
F. So we need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.
G. Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末统考英语试
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people have a dependency on an afternoon nap. ___16___ It can also help them feel more alert（机敏的）for the afternoon ahead. Even Boris Johnson supposedly favors a power nap during his work day. Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers.
Napping is a great way to feel more rested and alert-and some research shows it car benefit our cognitive function. ___17___ If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended.
While short naps are great for increasing energy, longer naps are more beneficial for learning. According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. ___18___
___19___ It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing（诱导睡眠的）waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, and that they refill the brain's energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, hence preventing instability in the brain's networks.
Although napping has many positive short-term effects, they are not recommended for people who suffer from insomnia（失眠症）. Because naps decrease sleepiness, they may make it harder to fall asleep when going to bed in the evening. ___20___ For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, as it may take some time to fully wake up.
A. But many more prefer not to
B. It is to catch up on lost sleep.
C. How has napping become so popular
D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations
E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood
F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.
G. A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities.
山东省枣庄滕州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How long does a year last？Children might say that a year lasts forever while your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”. ____16____
According to scientists, our brains degrade (退化) and change over time.____17____
Babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they’re processing images at a faster rate. They take in a lot of information and do many things in a single day. This makes them feel like a single day lasts for a long time.____18____
Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people. This causes things to seem as though they’re happening more quickly.
In additions, people may also “feel” time differently according to their own feelings. People may measure time by the number of memorable events that can be recalled within a certain period. Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, ete. ), they seem to be in slow motion？That’s because when something is a “first”, there are many exciting things to remember.____19____
____20____ When they look back, they might feel like there are not many new things to remember. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.
A. For many adults, life is routine.
B. The different influence makes it hard to identify.
C. Why does time seem to pass faster as we get older？
D. Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.
E. Besides, people will tend to remember something that happened later.
F. However, over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time.
G. That causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline
山东省滨州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How long does a year last？Children might say that a year lasts forever while your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”. ____16____
According to scientists, our brains degrade (退化) and change over time.____17____
Babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they’re processing images at a faster rate. They take in a lot of information and do many things in a single day. This makes them feel like a single day lasts for a long time.____18____
Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people. This causes things to seem as though they’re happening more quickly.
In additions, people may also “feel” time differently according to their own feelings. People may measure time by the number of memorable events that can be recalled within a certain period. Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, ete. ), they seem to be in slow motion？That’s because when something is a “first”, there are many exciting things to remember.____19____
____20____ When they look back, they might feel like there are not many new things to remember. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.
A. For many adults, life is routine.
B. The different influence makes it hard to identify.
C. Why does time seem to pass faster as we get older？
D. Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.
E. Besides, people will tend to remember something that happened later.
F. However, over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time.
G. That causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline.
山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people in America love Chinese food, but perhaps nobody can match David R Chan, Mr Chan is a 72-year-old former lawyer in Los Angeles, 36 If you visit one Chinese restaurant per day, it would take more than 20 years to reach his current count—7,812 restaurants.
Chinese food was cooked in the US for the first time by Chinese immigrants during the California Gold Rush in the mid 19th century. However, as a descendant(后裔) of Chinese grandparents who immigrated to California, Mr. Chan did not eat Chinese food as a child. 37
38 As a new law removed restrictions on immigration from Asia, the US began to receive an increasing number of immigrants from China, including Hong Kong and Taiwan, bringing a variety of regional cuisines from across China.
In the 1970s, Mr. Chan’s interests in the history of American-Chinese began to grow. 39 “At the beginning, it was just a search for identity,” Mr. Chan said. He saw what it was like to be Chinese in different parts of the country.
Mr. Chan previously had no idea how varied it was, and in the following years, he tasted various Chinese food throughout the US. 40 Now, Mr. Chan has been a really keen fan of Chinese cuisines, and has witnessed the development of the Chinese food in the US.
A. But things started to change in the late 1960s.
B. American-Chinese food tends to be localized.
C. He started to dine at Chinese restaurants across the US.
D. When he first tried Chinese food, he was not impressed at all.
E. He dined at nearly 8,000 Chinese restaurants across the US.
F. He learned about the diversity of the Chinese food.
G. Immigrants from China began to introduce Chinese food.
答案：
山东省临沂市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了早期心脏病可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防，介绍了一些健康的预防早期心脏病的有效方式
【16题详解】
上文“As much as 80 percent of early heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.( 多达80%的早期心脏病是可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防的。)”说明很多早期心脏病可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防，G项中的“Some strategies”呼应上文提到的specific lifestyle choices，故G项“一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，都是众所周知的。”符合语境，列举了一些健康的生活方式，some…others…“一些……另一些……”，讲述相对的两个方面。说明一些健康的生活方式是众所周知的，其它的或许你不会想到。故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“When we are not rested, everything that happens in our life is a lot more stressful. If we don't have enough sleep, our bodies will have difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation（炎症）and glucose levels（血糖水平）.( 当我们没有休息的时候，我们生活中发生的每件事会是更有压力的。如果我们没有足够的睡眠，我们的身体将难以控制血压，炎症和血糖水平。)”说明没有充足的睡眠会导致心理和身体健康问题。E项中的“These factors”指代这些问题，E项“这些因素都会对我们的心脏健康产生影响。”符合语境，说明没有充足的睡眠会导致心脏健康问题。故选E。
【18题详解】
空格处是段落小标题。根据下文“Research showed that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health. By participating in voluntary activities, we can get out of the house and create a social network, thus decreasing feelings of loneliness and naturally preventing heart disease.( 研究表明，孤独是心脏健康的一个风险因素。通过参加志愿活动，我们可以走出家门，建立一个社交网络，从而减少孤独感，自然地预防心脏病。)”说明参加志愿者活动，可以减少孤独感，从而预防心脏病的发生。因此推断B项“参与志愿者工作”为最佳标题。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据段落标题“Treat depression.(正视抑郁)”可知，本段建议要正确面对抑郁。下文“Not only are we more likely to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise, there are also physiological effects of this condition on the body, such as higher levels of blood sugar, which can be associated with poor heart health.( 我们不仅更有可能喝太多酒，不锻炼，而且这种情况还会对身体产生生理影响，比如血糖水平升高，这可能与心脏健康状况不佳有关。)”说明抑郁会导致不健康的生活方式，从而对心脏健康不利，C项中的“Depression”与语境相符，“the way we behave”呼应下文的“to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise”这些生活方式，因此推断C项“抑郁会影响我们的行为方式。”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
下文“Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruits.( 选择全谷物，低脂的早餐，包括水果。)”讲述健康早餐食物，F项中的“to eat a balanced diet”与之呼应，F项“所以我们需要吃均衡的饮食作为健康生活方式的一部分。”符合语境，与上文“A recent study found that healthy people who didn't have breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who had breakfast regularly.( 最近的一项研究发现，不吃早餐的健康的人，六年后患心脏病的可能性几乎是那些经常吃早餐的人的三倍。)”是因果关系，说明不吃早餐容易患心脏病，因此要吃健康的早餐，选择健康的早餐食物。故选F。
山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末统考英语试
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打盹的好处。
【16题详解】
根据下句“It can also help them feel more alert（机敏的）for the afternoon ahead.(午休也有助于人们下午感觉更加机敏)”可知空格处是在讲午休的一个好处。根据相似结构可知B.It is to catch up on lost sleep.(它能补上失去的睡眠)符合语境,故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下句“If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended. (如果你醒来后需要变得机敏，你最好休息10到30分钟)”可知，空格处将补充休息时间。F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.(然而你可能要考虑你打盹的时间长短)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上句“According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. (研究表明：它们都能改善大脑中的学习和记忆区域)”可知，选项承接上文说明打盹对记忆力和学习的益处。故G.A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities. (1到2个小时的午休对人的学习技能和记忆力都有好处)”符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下句“It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing（诱导睡眠的）waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, (它们可能帮助大脑清理抑制大脑活动的诱导睡眠的废物)”可知此处分析打盹有好处的可能性原因，因此推知本段句首会提出疑问。因此E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood(为什么短时间打盹如此有益还不清楚) 符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下句“For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, (如果表演马上开始，此时不要打盹）”可知在有些情况下，打盹是不合适的。因此D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations(在有些情况下，打盹应该被避免) 符合语境。故选D。
山东省枣庄滕州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了根据科学家的说法，我们的大脑会随着时间的推移而退化和改变，这将导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降。
【16题详解】
上文“Children might say that a year lasts forever while your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”.”（孩子们可能会说，一年是永恒的，而你的父母可能会说，一年可以在眨眼之间过去）讲孩子和父母对时间的感受不一样，孩子觉得时间漫长，而父母觉得时间过得很快，C项“为什么随着年龄的增长，时间似乎过得更快？”就这一现象提出问题，引出本文话题，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【17题详解】
上文“According to scientists, our brains degrade (退化) and change over time”（根据科学家的说法，我们的大脑会随着时间的推移而退化和改变）讲大脑会随着时间的推移而退化和改变，G项“That causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline”（这导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降）与上文构成因果关系，大脑的退化和改变导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people.”（因此，老年人一天中得到信息比年轻人少）中Therefore可知，设空句和下文有因果关系，F项“However, over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time. ”（然而，随着时间的推移，在相同的时间内处理的图像越来越少）正是老年人得到的信息比年轻人少的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, ete. ), they seem to be in slow motion？That’s because when something is a “first ”, there are many exciting things to remember.”（你有没有注意到，当你回忆你的第一天时(上学的第一天，第一次家庭假期，第一次生日派对，等等)，他们似乎是在慢动作回放 这是因为当某件事是“第一次”的时候，有很多令人兴奋的事情要记住）说明当回忆第一次发生的事的时候，会感到时间很慢。D项“Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.”（回忆这些记忆会让你觉得它们花了很长时间）是对上文的进一步阐述，与上文语意一致，且句中these memories与上文recall your firsts相照应。故选D项。
【20题详解】
由下文“When they look back, they might feel like there are not many new things to remember. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.”（当他们回首往事时，他们可能会觉得没有多少新东西要记住。因此，对他们来说，时间似乎过得更快了）可知，成年人的生活没有new things to remember，A项“For many adults, life is routine.”（对许多成年人来说，生活只是例行公事）表达了相同的意思，其中routine意为“惯例；生活乏味”，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
山东省滨州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开始一个新工作的一些方法。
【16题详解】
上文“You are supposed to ask the manager of the Human Resources or your supervisor any questions.(你应该向人力资源部经理或你的主管询问任何问题)”说明你在开始新工作之前一定要了解清楚，就是要多问问，与选项F. If you’re not sure who to ask, check with the person who offered you the job.(如果你不确定该问谁，请咨询为你提供工作的人)相一致。故选F。
【17题详解】
下文“Make sure what they see on your page is suitable for public consumption.(确保他们在你的页面上看到的内容适合公众使用”)说明要确保他们在你的主页上看到的是适合的内容，这里的“they”就是你的新老板或者你的新同事，与选项G. It’s likely that some of your new workmates or even your new boss want to be your Facebook friend(你的一些新同事甚至你的新老板很可能想成为你的Facebook好友)相一致。故选G。
【18题详解】
下文“Go to try it out to see how long it takes, giving yourself a cushion for traffic or other delays.(去试试看需要多长时间，给自己一个缓冲交通或其他延误)”说明你要给交通或者其他的延迟给缓冲的余地，也就是你要提前知道交通工具和路线，与选项E. Try to figure out the means of transportation and where you are going.(试着弄清楚交通工具和你要去的地方)相一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
上文“It’s essential for you to ask for feedback when you’re starting a job.(在开始工作时征求反馈意见对你来说至关重要)”说明你应该从上级或老板那里取得对你工作的评价及反馈，与选项A. Ask your supervisor about your performance.(向你的主管询问你的表现)相一致。故选A。
【20题详解】
上文“No one is expected to learn everything at once.(没有人期望一下子学会所有东西)”说明没人能一下子学会所有事情，在新的工作中一切都是新的，所以要慢慢来，与选项C. Everything in the new job is fresh to you, and it will take time.(新工作中的一切对你来说都是新鲜的，这需要时间)相一致。故选C。
山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
36. E 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. F
2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编
七选五专题
山东省临沂市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As much as 80 percent of early heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices. ___16___ But others may not have crossed your mind. Actually, a small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run.
Get eight hours of sleep. When we are not rested, everything that happens in our life is a lot more stressful. If we don't have enough sleep, our bodies will have difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation（炎症）and glucose levels（血糖水平）. ___17___
Laugh. A study found a lower incidence（发生率）of heart disease in those who reported laughing every day. For one thing, laughter reduces stress and depression. For another, it may also serve as a mini-workout, helping blood circulation and protecting our heart.
___18___ Research showed that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health. By participating in voluntary activities, we can get out of the house and create a social network, thus decreasing feelings of loneliness and naturally preventing heart disease.
Treat depression. ___19___ Not only are we more likely to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise, there are also physiological effects of this condition on the body, such as higher levels of blood sugar, which can be associated with poor heart health.
Have breakfast. A recent study found that healthy people who didn't have breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who had breakfast regularly. ___20___ Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruits.
A. Reduce risks.
B. Engage in volunteer work.
C. Depression can affect the way we behave.
D. Depression is a serious cause of heart disease.
E. These factors can all have an impact on our heart health.
F. So we need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.
G. Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末统考英语试
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people have a dependency on an afternoon nap. ___16___ It can also help them feel more alert（机敏的）for the afternoon ahead. Even Boris Johnson supposedly favors a power nap during his work day. Winston Churchill, Albert Einstein, and Leonardo Da Vinci were all famous nappers.
Napping is a great way to feel more rested and alert-and some research shows it car benefit our cognitive function. ___17___ If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended.
While short naps are great for increasing energy, longer naps are more beneficial for learning. According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. ___18___
___19___ It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing（诱导睡眠的）waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, and that they refill the brain's energy stores. Short naps may also help improve your attention by letting particularly sleepy areas of the brain recover, hence preventing instability in the brain's networks.
Although napping has many positive short-term effects, they are not recommended for people who suffer from insomnia（失眠症）. Because naps decrease sleepiness, they may make it harder to fall asleep when going to bed in the evening. ___20___ For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, as it may take some time to fully wake up.
A. But many more prefer not to
B. It is to catch up on lost sleep.
C. How has napping become so popular
D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations
E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood
F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.
G. A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities.
山东省枣庄滕州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How long does a year last？Children might say that a year lasts forever while your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”. ____16____
According to scientists, our brains degrade (退化) and change over time.____17____
Babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they’re processing images at a faster rate. They take in a lot of information and do many things in a single day. This makes them feel like a single day lasts for a long time.____18____
Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people. This causes things to seem as though they’re happening more quickly.
In additions, people may also “feel” time differently according to their own feelings. People may measure time by the number of memorable events that can be recalled within a certain period. Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, ete. ), they seem to be in slow motion？That’s because when something is a “first”, there are many exciting things to remember.____19____
____20____ When they look back, they might feel like there are not many new things to remember. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.
A. For many adults, life is routine.
B. The different influence makes it hard to identify.
C. Why does time seem to pass faster as we get older？
D. Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.
E. Besides, people will tend to remember something that happened later.
F. However, over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time.
G. That causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline
山东省滨州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How long does a year last？Children might say that a year lasts forever while your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”. ____16____
According to scientists, our brains degrade (退化) and change over time.____17____
Babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they’re processing images at a faster rate. They take in a lot of information and do many things in a single day. This makes them feel like a single day lasts for a long time.____18____
Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people. This causes things to seem as though they’re happening more quickly.
In additions, people may also “feel” time differently according to their own feelings. People may measure time by the number of memorable events that can be recalled within a certain period. Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, ete. ), they seem to be in slow motion？That’s because when something is a “first”, there are many exciting things to remember.____19____
____20____ When they look back, they might feel like there are not many new things to remember. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.
A. For many adults, life is routine.
B. The different influence makes it hard to identify.
C. Why does time seem to pass faster as we get older？
D. Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.
E. Besides, people will tend to remember something that happened later.
F. However, over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time.
G. That causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline.
山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people in America love Chinese food, but perhaps nobody can match David R Chan, Mr Chan is a 72-year-old former lawyer in Los Angeles, 36 If you visit one Chinese restaurant per day, it would take more than 20 years to reach his current count—7,812 restaurants.
Chinese food was cooked in the US for the first time by Chinese immigrants during the California Gold Rush in the mid 19th century. However, as a descendant(后裔) of Chinese grandparents who immigrated to California, Mr. Chan did not eat Chinese food as a child. 37
38 As a new law removed restrictions on immigration from Asia, the US began to receive an increasing number of immigrants from China, including Hong Kong and Taiwan, bringing a variety of regional cuisines from across China.
In the 1970s, Mr. Chan’s interests in the history of American-Chinese began to grow. 39 “At the beginning, it was just a search for identity,” Mr. Chan said. He saw what it was like to be Chinese in different parts of the country.
Mr. Chan previously had no idea how varied it was, and in the following years, he tasted various Chinese food throughout the US. 40 Now, Mr. Chan has been a really keen fan of Chinese cuisines, and has witnessed the development of the Chinese food in the US.
A. But things started to change in the late 1960s.
B. American-Chinese food tends to be localized.
C. He started to dine at Chinese restaurants across the US.
D. When he first tried Chinese food, he was not impressed at all.
E. He dined at nearly 8,000 Chinese restaurants across the US.
F. He learned about the diversity of the Chinese food.
G. Immigrants from China began to introduce Chinese food.
答案：
山东省临沂市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了早期心脏病可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防，介绍了一些健康的预防早期心脏病的有效方式
【16题详解】
上文“As much as 80 percent of early heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.( 多达80%的早期心脏病是可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防的。)”说明很多早期心脏病可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防，G项中的“Some strategies”呼应上文提到的specific lifestyle choices，故G项“一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，都是众所周知的。”符合语境，列举了一些健康的生活方式，some…others…“一些……另一些……”，讲述相对的两个方面。说明一些健康的生活方式是众所周知的，其它的或许你不会想到。故选G。
【17题详解】
上文“When we are not rested, everything that happens in our life is a lot more stressful. If we don't have enough sleep, our bodies will have difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation（炎症）and glucose levels（血糖水平）.( 当我们没有休息的时候，我们生活中发生的每件事会是更有压力的。如果我们没有足够的睡眠，我们的身体将难以控制血压，炎症和血糖水平。)”说明没有充足的睡眠会导致心理和身体健康问题。E项中的“These factors”指代这些问题，E项“这些因素都会对我们的心脏健康产生影响。”符合语境，说明没有充足的睡眠会导致心脏健康问题。故选E。
【18题详解】
空格处是段落小标题。根据下文“Research showed that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health. By participating in voluntary activities, we can get out of the house and create a social network, thus decreasing feelings of loneliness and naturally preventing heart disease.( 研究表明，孤独是心脏健康的一个风险因素。通过参加志愿活动，我们可以走出家门，建立一个社交网络，从而减少孤独感，自然地预防心脏病。)”说明参加志愿者活动，可以减少孤独感，从而预防心脏病的发生。因此推断B项“参与志愿者工作”为最佳标题。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据段落标题“Treat depression.(正视抑郁)”可知，本段建议要正确面对抑郁。下文“Not only are we more likely to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise, there are also physiological effects of this condition on the body, such as higher levels of blood sugar, which can be associated with poor heart health.( 我们不仅更有可能喝太多酒，不锻炼，而且这种情况还会对身体产生生理影响，比如血糖水平升高，这可能与心脏健康状况不佳有关。)”说明抑郁会导致不健康的生活方式，从而对心脏健康不利，C项中的“Depression”与语境相符，“the way we behave”呼应下文的“to drink too much alcohol and to avoid exercise”这些生活方式，因此推断C项“抑郁会影响我们的行为方式。”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
下文“Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruits.( 选择全谷物，低脂的早餐，包括水果。)”讲述健康早餐食物，F项中的“to eat a balanced diet”与之呼应，F项“所以我们需要吃均衡的饮食作为健康生活方式的一部分。”符合语境，与上文“A recent study found that healthy people who didn't have breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who had breakfast regularly.( 最近的一项研究发现，不吃早餐的健康的人，六年后患心脏病的可能性几乎是那些经常吃早餐的人的三倍。)”是因果关系，说明不吃早餐容易患心脏病，因此要吃健康的早餐，选择健康的早餐食物。故选F。
山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末统考英语试
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打盹的好处。
【16题详解】
根据下句“It can also help them feel more alert（机敏的）for the afternoon ahead.(午休也有助于人们下午感觉更加机敏)”可知空格处是在讲午休的一个好处。根据相似结构可知B.It is to catch up on lost sleep.(它能补上失去的睡眠)符合语境,故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下句“If you need to be alert right after waking up, so-called "power naps" of 10-30 minutes are recommended. (如果你醒来后需要变得机敏，你最好休息10到30分钟)”可知，空格处将补充休息时间。F. However, you may want to consider how long you have to nap.(然而你可能要考虑你打盹的时间长短)符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上句“According to the research, they improve activation of the hippocampus—an area of the brain important for learning and memory. (研究表明：它们都能改善大脑中的学习和记忆区域)”可知，选项承接上文说明打盹对记忆力和学习的益处。故G.A one-to-two-hour nap benefits both motor skills and memory abilities. (1到2个小时的午休对人的学习技能和记忆力都有好处)”符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下句“It's possible that they help the brain clean up sleep-inducing（诱导睡眠的）waste products that would otherwise hold up brain activity, (它们可能帮助大脑清理抑制大脑活动的诱导睡眠的废物)”可知此处分析打盹有好处的可能性原因，因此推知本段句首会提出疑问。因此E. Why short naps are so beneficial is not well understood(为什么短时间打盹如此有益还不清楚) 符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据下句“For instance, if the best performance is needed instantly afterwards, don't nap, (如果表演马上开始，此时不要打盹）”可知在有些情况下，打盹是不合适的。因此D. Naps should also be avoided in some situations(在有些情况下，打盹应该被避免) 符合语境。故选D。
山东省枣庄滕州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了根据科学家的说法，我们的大脑会随着时间的推移而退化和改变，这将导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降。
【16题详解】
上文“Children might say that a year lasts forever while your parents might say that a whole year can pass “in the blink of an eye”.”（孩子们可能会说，一年是永恒的，而你的父母可能会说，一年可以在眨眼之间过去）讲孩子和父母对时间的感受不一样，孩子觉得时间漫长，而父母觉得时间过得很快，C项“为什么随着年龄的增长，时间似乎过得更快？”就这一现象提出问题，引出本文话题，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【17题详解】
上文“According to scientists, our brains degrade (退化) and change over time”（根据科学家的说法，我们的大脑会随着时间的推移而退化和改变）讲大脑会随着时间的推移而退化和改变，G项“That causes the rate at which we take in and process new information to decline”（这导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降）与上文构成因果关系，大脑的退化和改变导致我们吸收和处理新信息的速度下降，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Therefore, older people receive less information during a day than younger people.”（因此，老年人一天中得到信息比年轻人少）中Therefore可知，设空句和下文有因果关系，F项“However, over time, fewer images are processed in the same amount of time. ”（然而，随着时间的推移，在相同的时间内处理的图像越来越少）正是老年人得到的信息比年轻人少的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“Have you ever noticed that when you recall your firsts (first day of school, first family vacation, first birthday party, ete. ), they seem to be in slow motion？That’s because when something is a “first ”, there are many exciting things to remember.”（你有没有注意到，当你回忆你的第一天时(上学的第一天，第一次家庭假期，第一次生日派对，等等)，他们似乎是在慢动作回放 这是因为当某件事是“第一次”的时候，有很多令人兴奋的事情要记住）说明当回忆第一次发生的事的时候，会感到时间很慢。D项“Recalling these memories makes you feel like they took forever.”（回忆这些记忆会让你觉得它们花了很长时间）是对上文的进一步阐述，与上文语意一致，且句中these memories与上文recall your firsts相照应。故选D项。
【20题详解】
由下文“When they look back, they might feel like there are not many new things to remember. Therefore, time seems to be moving faster to them.”（当他们回首往事时，他们可能会觉得没有多少新东西要记住。因此，对他们来说，时间似乎过得更快了）可知，成年人的生活没有new things to remember，A项“For many adults, life is routine.”（对许多成年人来说，生活只是例行公事）表达了相同的意思，其中routine意为“惯例；生活乏味”，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
山东省滨州市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开始一个新工作的一些方法。
【16题详解】
上文“You are supposed to ask the manager of the Human Resources or your supervisor any questions.(你应该向人力资源部经理或你的主管询问任何问题)”说明你在开始新工作之前一定要了解清楚，就是要多问问，与选项F. If you’re not sure who to ask, check with the person who offered you the job.(如果你不确定该问谁，请咨询为你提供工作的人)相一致。故选F。
【17题详解】
下文“Make sure what they see on your page is suitable for public consumption.(确保他们在你的页面上看到的内容适合公众使用”)说明要确保他们在你的主页上看到的是适合的内容，这里的“they”就是你的新老板或者你的新同事，与选项G. It’s likely that some of your new workmates or even your new boss want to be your Facebook friend(你的一些新同事甚至你的新老板很可能想成为你的Facebook好友)相一致。故选G。
【18题详解】
下文“Go to try it out to see how long it takes, giving yourself a cushion for traffic or other delays.(去试试看需要多长时间，给自己一个缓冲交通或其他延误)”说明你要给交通或者其他的延迟给缓冲的余地，也就是你要提前知道交通工具和路线，与选项E. Try to figure out the means of transportation and where you are going.(试着弄清楚交通工具和你要去的地方)相一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
上文“It’s essential for you to ask for feedback when you’re starting a job.(在开始工作时征求反馈意见对你来说至关重要)”说明你应该从上级或老板那里取得对你工作的评价及反馈，与选项A. Ask your supervisor about your performance.(向你的主管询问你的表现)相一致。故选A。
【20题详解】
上文“No one is expected to learn everything at once.(没有人期望一下子学会所有东西)”说明没人能一下子学会所有事情，在新的工作中一切都是新的，所以要慢慢来，与选项C. Everything in the new job is fresh to you, and it will take time.(新工作中的一切对你来说都是新鲜的，这需要时间)相一致。故选C。
山东省菏泽市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
36. E 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. F