《状元之路》2013-2014学年高中英语人教版必修四单元测评：Unit 3 A taste of English humour（含解析）

单元测评(三)　Unit 3 A taste of English humour
(时间：90分钟　满分：110分)
第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节　语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．— Jeff is very good at telling funny stories; he knows how to amuse people.
— Yes, but ________.
A. he often tells me funny things
B. he likes to make people laugh
C. I don't enjoy this very much
D. I think he is the funniest in our class
答案与解析　C　由答语中的but可知，答语者不喜欢杰夫的行为，故选C项。
2．Wearing the pink dress, Kate's aunt looked ________ she and Kate were sisters.
A. as if B. even if
C. though D. unless
答案与解析　A　句意：凯特的姑姑穿着那件粉色的连衣裙看起来和凯特就“好像(as if)”姐妹似的。注意：as if从句用虚拟语气。
3．On festivals, the traffic police worked hard to keep the traffic ________ smoothly.
A. run B. running
C. to run D. being run
答案与解析　B　题中the traffic与run之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词ing形式作宾语补足语。
4．— What do you think of our manager, Mr. Smith?
— He is really ________ success in his career, but in a way he is ________ failure in his family.
A. a; / B. /; a
C. a; a D. /; /
答案与解析　C　题中的success和failure都是抽象名词具体化，前面加不定冠词a。a success/failure在此表示“一个成功/失败的人”。
5．In our football team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions ________ members are uncertain about what to do.
A. whose B. that
C. when D. which
答案与解析　C　occasion“时刻；……的时候”，后跟定语从句，且从句中缺少时间状语，故选when。
6．It is not easy for one to ________ his weakness, so we should have patience and give him enough time.
A. allow B. improve
C. remind D. overcome
答案与解析　D　overcome one's weakness“克服某人的缺点”。
7．— What did Jane say to Sarah in the meeting?
— She spoke in a ________， so I didn't hear.
A. mess B. whisper
C. word D. surprise
答案与解析　B　根据so I didn't hear可知应选whisper。in a whisper“低声地”。
8．People in town reacted in different ways ________ the news: some got angry, but others were wild with joy.
A. with B. to
C. against D. for
答案与解析　B　react to表示“对……做出反应”。
9．My brother can't attend the party ________ at Tom's house at present, because he is preparing for his examination.
A. holding B. to hold
C. to be held D. being held
答案与解析　D　party与hold之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，根据句子结构可知此处用动词的过去分词作后置定语，由时间状语at present可知，晚会正在进行，故选D项。
10．We worked out two plans for the business, ________ of which the manager felt satisfied with, though.
A. either B. both
C. neither D. none
答案与解析　C　根据though引起的转折可知“经理对两个计划都不满意”，故在此用neither表示“两者都不”。
11．I complained to the manager of the hotel about the poor service last week, but so far, I ________ his reply.
A. didn't receive B. haven't received
C. wouldn't receive D. wasn't receiving
答案与解析　B　根据时间状语so far可知应用现在完成时，表示“直到现在，我还没收到他的回复”。
12．— Nancy, will you come with me to the movie on Saturday?
— I'm not sure, Joe. I ________ watch the football match on TV.
A. must B. would
C. might D. should
答案与解析　C　根据I'm not sure可知，答话人也许会看足球比赛。might“也许；可能”，表示不确定的推测。
13．— Your daughter looks too thin for her height.
— Yes. She is too ________ about food. There is no way to gain weight.
A. special B. particular
C. unusual D. especial
答案与解析　B　particular“挑剔的”； be particular about“对……挑剔的”，符合句意。special“特殊的；特别的；专用的”； unusual“不同寻常的；独特的”； especial“特别的；特殊的”。
14．— Excuse me, but where's the manager's office?
— It's on the top floor. His office can be easily ________ from the rest; it has a large red door.
A. picked out B. set out
C. given out D. watched out
答案与解析　A　根据答语it has a large red door可知，经理的办公室很容易被找到，故选picked out。
15．You may find it ________ that Charlie wasn't ________ at the bad news at all.
A. astonishing; astonishing
B. astonished; astonishing
C. astonished; astonished
D. astonishing; astonished
答案与解析　D　astonishing“令人惊讶的”，具有主动意义； astonished“惊讶的”，描述的对象常常是人，也可用来描述与人有关的事物。
第二节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Last Saturday, my 8yearold son, Chase, and I were shopping in a supermarket. Chase was busy __16__ each new bag of vegetables I collected. I __17__ him a bag of tomatoes and he walked over to the scale and waited __18__ in line. Suddenly, an old man walked up behind Chase, and stepped __19__ him, bumping Chase out of the way. Chase looked __20__ and scared. Seeing this I left my __21__ cart and walked over to Chase, saying loudly, “Are you all right, honey? I saw what that man did to you. That was very, very wrong.”
When the man __22__ weighing his bag, he turned around too quickly and all of his onions spilled out of his bag and onto the dirty __23__. The three of us froze for a(n) __24__. Then I got down on my hands and knees and started __25__ onions while the old man accepted them from my __26__ and put them back into his bag.
On the way home, Chase said through __27__， “Mommy, that man cut right in front of me. And we had to help him pick up his onions！”
I said, “Chase, that man seemed to have a very bad __28__ today. We should forgive him. I was also __29__ with that man for treating you __30__. I really wanted to kick him. But doing that doesn't make any __31__. If we hadn't helped that old man, we might have felt good for a moment, but then I bet we would have felt really, really __32__ for a long time. You and I have a lot of love to share. Maybe that man doesn't have much. People who __33__ badly still need love.”
A __34__ smile appeared on Chase's face. It was a smile of a promise __35__. It was the best smile I have ever seen. It was a good moment. It may have been my best mommy moment ever.
16．A. cleaning B. weighing
C. delivering D. cooking
17．A. offered B. bought
C. handed D. lent
18．A. eagerly B. patiently
C. casually D. quickly
19．A. before B. beside
C. behind D. over
20．A. shocked B. excited
C. delighted D. touched
21．A. swimming B. playing
C. riding D. shopping
22．A. enjoyed B. avoided
C. practised D. finished
23．A. scale B. desk
C. floor D. car
24．A. hour B. moment
C. day D. week
25．A. collecting B. selling
C. counting D. buying
26．A. hands B. sons
C. bags D. legs
27．A. fogs B. glasses
C. lights D. tears
28．A. shape B. house
C. voice D. mood
29．A. careful B. popular
C. angry D. strict
30．A. kindly B. easily
C. rudely D. politely
31．A. sense B. progress
C. feeling D. money
32．A. anxious B. sorry
C. famous D. comfortable
33．A. write B. shop
C. drive D. behave
34．A. simple B. serious
C. smart D. cheerful
35．A. kept B. broken
C. created D. shown
答案与解析　
语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。母亲以实际行动教育孩子要以宽大的胸怀和无私的爱心善待那些曾经伤害过自己的人。
16．B 由walked over to the scale可知，Chase忙于称母亲选好的每一袋蔬菜。
17．C 作者递给他一袋西红柿。hand在此用作动词，表示“递，交”。
18．B Chase走到称重处，耐心地排队等待称重。patiently表示“耐心地”。
19．A 由that man cut right in front of me可知，before(在……前面)切题。
20．A 这位老人突然插队，Chase感到震惊和害怕。shocked意为“感到震惊的”，符合语境。excited“感到兴奋的”； delighted“感到高兴的”； touched“感动的”。
21．D 作者当时在超市购物，可见她推着购物车(shopping cart)。
22．D finish doing sth.“做完某事”。
23．C 洋葱掉在了地板(floor)上。
24．B 他们三人愣了一会儿。for a moment表示“一会儿”。
25．A collect在此意为“收集”。
26．A 那个男人从作者手里接过作者从地上拾起来的洋葱。
27．D 孩子受了委屈，故他是眼泪汪汪地说这番话的。
28．D 那个男人似乎今天心情很不好。mood意为“心情”，符合语境。
29．C 由上文可知．作者对那个男人的行为应该感到气愤。
30．C 从19空所在句可以看出那个男人对待小男孩很粗暴。
31．A 作者真想踢他一下，但那样做没有任何意义。make sense“有意义；讲得通”，符合语境。
32．B 如果作者和她的儿子不帮助他，他们当时可能会感到很开心，但以后很长一段时间他们会感到后悔的(sorry)。
33． D behave在此意为“表现”。
34．D 听了作者的这番话，儿子豁然开朗，开心地笑了。cheerful意为“开心的”，符合语境。
35．A keep a promise“信守承诺”， kept作后置定语。
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节；满分30分)
第一节　(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
I have heard having a good sense of humour often helps in breaking the ice. Also people remember you because of your humour. But I think I don't have a very good sense of humour. Could you suggest how to build on this?
— Radha Karnik
This is a great question that is unfortunately difficult to answer. I can only give you my views on this topic, which may or may not be correct. I know that my sense of humour developed over time.
When I was younger I was not funny at all; now I can easily make people laugh. At the same time, sometimes I say things that I think are very funny but others do not. Improving wit and humour, I believe, is an ongoing process.
Now, there are various forms of humour and everyone has their individual style. Overall, I believe being fluent in a language is very important for being witty or funny. The way we play around with words adds the “funny” tag to an otherwise normal sentence.
Also, seeing irony is very important. I think humour is often the link between two unrelated things.
In my experience, laughing frequently and appreciating other people's jokes and wit are very important. Within these, finding humour in everyday normal situations is the key.
I often notice what is going on around me and say funny things in my head and laugh to myself. That serves almost as practice for when I am in a group. I watch comedy shows and movies and I am sure that has some effects on helping me improve my sense of humour. And last, having confidence that you are witty is important. There will always be someone wittier or funnier than you, which is fine. Just work on building your own style.
Remember, if you are trying to be funny and witty in order to break the ice at a business fun_ction, be careful. In those situations, humour has to be mild and politically correct.
Yours，
Brad
语篇解读　本篇是一篇议论文，文章由咨询者的问题引出作者对幽默的看法。作者给咨询者提供了很多好的建议，你看看哪一条对你有帮助。
36．Radha Karnik's problem is that he doesn't ________.
A. have friends
B. know the functions of humour
C. understand others' humour
D. have a good sense of humour
答案与解析　D　细节理解题。由第一段中的“But I think I don't have a very good sense of humour.”可知得出答案。
37．By telling his own experience, Brad tried to make Radha Karnik believe that ________.
A. laughter is the best medicine
B. laughter and humour go handinhand
C. a sense of humour can be developed
D. a sense of humour helps impress others
答案与解析　C　推理判断题。由第二段和第三段可以看出，幽默感是可以提高的。
38．In order to improve our sense of humour, Brad believes that the following is important EXCEPT ________.
A. good language ability B. loyalty
C. learning from life D. confidence
答案与解析　B　推理判断题。文中并没有提及忠诚。
B
Mr Bean is an internationally recognized comedy character on TV and in films. He always gets into awkward and absurd (荒谬的) situations, which greatly amuses audience regardless of their nationality or culture. The humour is always made clear through a series of simple and funny acts that rely simply on body language.
One of my favourite shows is Mr Bean in a restaurant. After being seated at his table, Mr Bean takes out a card, writes a few words on it, seals (密封) it in an envelope and places it on the table. After a moment, he looks back at the envelope but this time he looks surprised, as if he did not know it was there. He opens it to find a birthday card and happily puts it on the table for everyone to see.
When he looks at the menu, a surprised look quickly appears on his face. He takes all the money out of his wallet, counts it and puts it in a saucer (茶托). He then looks from the menu to the money with concern until he finds one thing that makes him smile. Then he orders a dish called “steak tartare”. When the dish arrives, he is shocked to discover that “steak tartare” is actually raw hamburger. He makes an attempt to eat it, but it is clear from the look on his face that he finds the taste truly disgusting. He can't hide his feelings, except when a waiter asks if everything is all right. When this happens, he smiles and nods, showing that everything is fine. When the waiters are not looking, however, he hides the raw meat anywhere he can reach — the sugar bowl, the tiny flower vase, and under a plate. He becomes so desperate (孤注一掷的) in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him and throws some down the trousers of the restaurant's violinist!
I like to watch Mr. Bean on TV, but I wouldn't like to meet someone like him in real life and I certainly wouldn't like to have dinner with him!
39．From the passage, we know Mr. Bean is famous for ________.
A. making films
B. his spoken English
C. playing a role in all kinds of films
D. his funny performances in comedies
答案与解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段可以看出，憨豆先生以其在喜剧里的滑稽表演而出名。
40．Why is Mr Bean famous all over the world?
A. He often has meals in special restaurants.
B. He amuses the audience from different countries.
C. He acts on TV and in films.
D. He acts on body language and spoken language.
答案与解析　B　细节理解题。由第一段第二句可以看出，全世界的观众，不论国籍和文化背景，都会被憨豆先生的表演逗乐，因此他被认为是一名国际公认的喜剧家。
41．Why does Mr Bean pretend to smile in front of the waiter?
A. Because he doesn't want the waiter to feel bad.
B. Because he doesn't want to say bad things.
C. Because he likes to express himself in the opposite way.
D. Because he thinks the waiter dislikes him.
答案与解析　A　推理判断题。当服务员询问时，憨豆先生设法掩盖自己的真实感受，由此可推断，他这样做是不想让服务员感到尴尬。
C
I will always remember my mother's last few days in this world.
On February 14th, 2000, my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school, my teacher told me to go to the headmaster's office. When I got into the office, I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that, we went to the hospital and waited. Time went slowly. Finally, we got to see our mother. It was terrible.
On the next day, the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had got better. How I wished that she had got better! When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me. She started crying, “She's gone. Teresa, mommy's gone. She's dead.” I couldn't believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look back, I still miss my mother very much, but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as living. When someone is asked who their hero is, they usually say someone famous, like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.
42．Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill?
A. On the beach. B. At the hospital.
C. At school. D. At home.
答案与解析　C　细节理解题。由第二段内容可知。
43．Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill?
A. Her sister. B. The headmaster.
C. Her teacher. D. The police officer.
答案与解析　D　细节理解题。由第二段的第六句“The police officer told me what had happened and ...”可知。
44．What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day?
A. Her mother had been very ill.
B. Her mother had been dead.
C. Her mother had got better.
D. Her sister came to see her.
答案与解析　B　推理判断题。由第三段“She's gone. Teresa, mommy's gone. She's dead.”可知。
45．From the last paragraph of the passage we know that ________.
A. the writer is afraid of her mother
B. the writer is proud of her mother
C. the writer feels sad about her mother
D. the writer feels sorry for her mother
答案与解析　B　推理判断题。在最后一段，作者反复提到这样的字眼：a strong mother, had the biggest heart, an angel，字里行间都充满着自豪之情。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Change the world
I want the world to be a better one because I am in it. However, “change the world” isn't easy. Here are some great ways to change it for the better.
Smile At Everyone.
__46__ Smile at people — the folks on the bus, or the receptionist at the office, for instance.
Depending on your culture, you might feel a bit awkward or shy at first. __47__ people would respond brilliantly to a smile.
Take it further: Give out free hugs.
Write a Letter to Someone You Love.
If a letter takes too long, write a card or postcard to your parents, or siblings, or a relative who you don't see often but who you care deeply about. __48__
Take it further: Write to a sick child, or a stranger in trouble. Your letter or card could make his or her day.
__49__
Being creative is a good way. It's not necessarily big things — but your poem, painting, special recipe, blog post, etc, may impress others.
Take it further: Offer your creative skills to a local youth group, school or retirement home. You could play a game, run a class, organize a concert ...
Say “Thank You”．
Saying a heartfelt “thank you” means a huge amount to someone. If you're a manager at work, take time to thank your men for what they do. __50__
Take it further: Write, phone or email someone in your community to thank them for the role they play.
A. Let them know how special they are to you.
B. Keeping writing will surely improve your social skills.
C. Give it a go anyway!
D. In your family, appreciate your partner, parents or kids.
E. It's such a tiny thing, but it really does work.
F. Speak less and do more.
G. Create something unique.
答案　46.E　47.C　48.A　49.G　50.D
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(每小题1分，满分10分)
英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文。假设以下短文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
3．必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。
In order to make use to learning materials, the Students' Union of our school are planning an activity. The schoolleavers are called on to give away our used books, newspapers or magazines to the student in the lower grades. The idea, that is intended to encourage a lowcarbon lifestyle, is praised and supported by the teachers and students. The activity will be hold on the first floor of the school library and so it will last for eleven days, from June 10 to 20. As student, I am strong for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful. I hope this activity would continue every year in the future.
答案　
In order to make use  learning materials, the Students' Union of our school  planning an activity. The schoolleavers are called on to give away  used books, newspapers or magazines to the  in the lower grades. The idea,  is intended to encourage a lowcarbon lifestyle, is praised and supported by the teachers and students. The activity will be  on the first floor of the school library and  it will last for eleven days, from June 10 to 20. As  student, I am  for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful. I hope this activity  continue every year in the future.
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李华，某英文报社公开征集幽默故事。请你根据所提供的信息写一个幽默故事，向该报社投稿。
1．母亲带儿子去拔牙；
2．谈好价格为4美元，拔完牙后却要20美元；
3．牙医解释原因(如小孩的尖叫吓跑其他病人等)。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：牙医 dentist
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范文　
One day, a nineyearold boy was troubled very much by a painful tooth, so his mother took him to the dentist to have the tooth pulled out. The dentist said that he would charge four dollars for the work, and the mother agreed. However, when the work was over, the dentist changed his mind and said that he would charge 20 dollars for pulling the boy's tooth out.
“Twenty dollars! Didn't you say you would charge four dollars？” asked the lady.
“Yes，” answered the dentist, “but your son cried so terribly that he frightened away four other patients.”
《从社区看我家》（说课稿）
尊敬的各位专家、同仁：
大家好。我今天说课的题目是《从社区看我家》，共分为六个部分：教材分析、学情分析、教法学法、教学流程、板书设计和设计感悟。
一、教材分析
（一）教材地位和作用
《从社区看我家》一课是人教版七上第一单元第一课“我的家在哪里”的第1课时。作为全书的第一部分，旨在引导学生从认识个人生活的社区环境着眼，从身边熟悉的事物出发，逐步认识我们生活的世界。教材主要通过平面图和地图的方式来说明家在社区中的位置，阅读和使用地图是学生认识社会，以及生活中不可或缺的基础知识和基本技能，也是学习历史与社会课程的必备工具之一。
根据课标要求，结合教材内容和学生实际，我拟定了如下教学目标：
（二）教学目标
1．知识与能力：知道地图的三要素,运用地图确定方向及测定距离。
2．过程与方法：学生在绘制教室平面图等课堂活动中，通过比较、概括等思维过程，形成地图三要素的基本概念，进而学会解决实际问题。
3．情感态度价值观：通过体验性学习，激发学生学习地理问题的热情，同时培养学生的合作精神、让学生享受成功的喜悦。
（三）教学重难点　
在教学目标和教材内容的指引下，结合学生知识储备，我拟定了如下教学重、难点：
重点：地图三要素的学习与运用。
难点：比例尺的学习与运用。
二、学情分析
初中学生好动、好奇、好表现；注意力易分散，爱发表见解，希望得到老师的表扬，所以一方面要创设学生感兴趣的情境，引发学生的兴趣，使他们的注意力始终集中在课堂上。另一方面要创造条件和机会，让学生发表见解，并且及时激励学生，发挥学生学习的主动性。
三、教法学法
我的教学总体构想是“教师搭台，学生唱戏” ，倡导学生主动学习，乐于探究。“教师搭台”是指我设置情景，通过问题的设计扮演好组织者和引路者的角色。 “学生唱戏”是指让学生分组讨论，合作探究读图，通过活动进行体验性学习，让学生真正成为课堂活动的主角。
四、说教学流程
（一）情境创设、导入新课
【课前准备】
即将召开家长会，布置学生预习本节内容，每人画一张学校平面图，帮助家长能准确找到自己的班级。
【设计意图】
通过预习让学生对地图的基本要素有初步的了解，同时也锻炼学生收集地理信息的能力。
上课时，请同学相互展示自己所画的平面图，并相互点评对方所绘平面图的完整性。
【设计意图】
由学生自己所画的平面图引入，会让学生对这部分知识感到亲切。同时通过点评让学生相互去发现对方所绘平面地图的完整性，这样既达到导入新课——地图的三要素的目的又激发学生学习本节课的兴趣。
（二）师生互动、突出重点
选两张学生画的有代表性的学校平面图
1、图例和注记
提问：同样所画是学校平面图，为什么教学楼A楼在两幅图中所画的不一样呢？
学生讨论，引出图例和注记。
图例——地图上用来表示各种地理事物的符号
注记——地图上用来说明符号的文字和数字（选择一幅地图解释哪些属于图例，哪些属于注记）
指导学生读图：观察“常用图例图”，并利用《世界政区图》和《世界地形图》去寻找这些图例，通过学和用，来加深印象。
【设计意图】
这部分知识较为简单，以学生为主体，通过观察法进行学习。以看图分析为主，同时培养学生读图、分析地图的能力。
2、方向
继续提问：同样所画是学校平面图，为什么操场和教学楼在两幅图中的相对位置不一样呢？
学生讨论，引出方向。（因为他们所站的观察角度不同即方向不同，所以两者的相对位置不一样）
一般定向法：学会肯定会说出“上北下南、左西右东”这一方向判定口诀，在学生回答的基础上给出没有任何方向指示的地图，叫学生说出指定的两地的相对方向。然后给出“地平面上八个方向图”。
指向标定向法：再给出一幅带有指向标的地图，指定两地叫学生判断相对方向，学生肯定会忽视指向标，从而回答错误，这时在地图上圈出“指向标”提醒学生，并告知口诀：指向标永远指向北方，然后从新判断两地相对位置。（南京站在中山陵什么方向）
经纬网定向法：给出一幅带有经纬网的地图，指定两地叫学生判断相对方向，因为之前没有学习过有关经纬线知识，所以，经纬网学生也是初次了解，因为在从地球仪上看世界要重点讲解经纬线，所以，本课仅让学生了解“经线指示南北方向，纬线指示东西方向”即可。
一般定向法：上北下南、左西右东
总结：方向的分类 指向标定向法：箭头总是指向北
经纬网定向法：经线指示南北方向、纬线指示东西方向
【设计意图】
这一部分教学主要是通过典型实例分析，让学生在学中练，在练中学，完成三幅地图中方向的判断，掌握
知识点，培养学生的识图、用图的能力。
师说明：因为比例尺的学习既是重点也是难点，所以将比例尺内容放在难点处讲解。
（三）合作探究、突破难点
3、比例尺
再次提问：同样是学校平面图，为什么操场在两幅图中大小不一样呢？
学生讨论，引出比例尺。
比例尺：比例尺表示图上距离比实地距离缩小的程度，地图上的比例尺也简称为“缩尺”。 图上距离
比例尺=
实地距离
合作探究活动：小组合作，量出教室的长和宽，按比例缩小画在纸上，画出教室的平面图，并标出比例尺大小。（分小组测量，共享数据，可以节省时间）
通过活动发现问题。
问题一：比例尺应该用何种形式表示？
学生在作图的过程中，教师通过观察发现，在表示比例尺时，学生有的用线段表示，有的用文字表示，还有的用数字表示。
小结：比例尺的三种表现形式，老师强调比例尺使用时要注意的事项，如数字式比例尺表示的是图上距离与实际距离的倍数关系，使用时两者单位要一致；线段和文字式比例尺须注明数值和单位。
问题二：比例尺大小对比
【课堂练习】：三种比例尺表示方法间的换算和比较。
（对学生进行学法指导：首先一律写成分数形式，其次换算成统一单位，最后比较分母，分母数字大比例尺则小，分母数字小比例尺则大。）
【拓展】：给出浙江省地图和中国地图，注明两幅图图幅大小相同，设计三个问题：
哪一幅地图表示的区域范围大？
杭州在两幅地图中的详细程度是否相同？
为什么会出现这种情况？
指导学生观察地图，解决三个问题，可以得出结论：
在图幅相同的情况下进行比较
比例尺
大
小
表示的范围
小
大
内容详略
详细
简略
【设计意图】
比例尺这部分内容是本节课的一个重难点，虽然学生知道比例尺，但是，对于比例尺中各项具体表示的内容很容易混淆。让学生自己动手测量、绘图，可以加深对比例尺定义的理解及发现因比例尺大小引起实地范围大小及内容详略程度不同。故而，采用活动教学。 从活动中发现问题，再讨论分析问题，最后由学生解决问题，体现学生的主体地位。
（四）拓展延伸、留有余味
作业设计：根据所学地图三要素知识，将自己所画的学校平面图修改完善，然后从班级中选出最好的一幅（图例和注记清楚，比例尺选用得当，方向清楚标明），复印发给每位同学家长，并注明姓名。
五、板书设计
图例和注记：常用图例
地 一般定向法：上北下南、左西右东
图 方向： 指向标定向法：指向标永远指向北方
“ 经纬网定向法：经线指示南北方向、纬线指示东西方向
语
言 公式 数字式
” 三种表示方法 线段式
文字式
比例尺： 比例尺大小对比
比例尺大小、地图实地范围大小、内容详略程度之间关系


六、设计感悟
本课设计与别人不一样，主要体现在以下几方面：
注重学生能力的提升：通过层层问题的设计，对学生进行思维引导，提升学生思考能力；指导学生
读图，培养读图能力等。
2、注重学生情感的升华：通过绘画学校平面图，感受体验性学习，激发学生学习地理知识的热情，通过选择最好的地图在家长会上使用并注明姓名，调动学生积极性，为荣誉而努力。
3、注重学生合作意识的培养：通过小组合作探究活动，增加学生合作意识，共同完成任务。
以上就是我对《从社区看我家》的说课设计，在讲述过程中如有不妥之处，敬请各位专家、同仁批评指正，谢谢大家。