《状元之路》2013-2014学年高中英语人教版必修四单元测评：Unit 5 Theme parks（含解析）

单元测评(五)　Unit 5 Theme parks
(时间：90分钟　满分：110分)
第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节　语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．— Excuse me. ________？
— Go down this street and turn left.
A. How far is the nearest hospital from here
B. Which bus should I take to the hospital
C. How long will it take by taxi
D. Where is the nearest hospital
答案与解析　D　此题涉及“问路”及“指路”的表达法。根据答语可知选D项。A项是询问距离；B项是询问公交车次；C项是询问所需时间，都不符合语境。
2．Although it has been buried underground for over 1,000 years, the ancient queen's body remains well ________.
A. defended B. preserved
C. guarded D. organized
答案与解析　B　根据让步状语从句“尽管已经被埋在地下1,000多年了”可知，B项符合语境。remain well preserved“依然保存完好”。defend“保卫；保护”； guard“警戒；捍卫”； organize“组织”。
3．“They used to pay the rent ________， but they don't even pay on time now，” the lady complained.
A. in advance B. in turn
C. in return D. in detail
答案与解析　A　由题中的they don't even pay on time now及complained可知，“他们过去经常提前(in advance)付房租”。
4．The old temple near the new factory must be saved, ________ the cost is.
A. however B. whichever
C. whatever D. wherever
答案与解析　C　句意：无论代价是什么，新工厂附近的古庙一定要保存下来。whatever引导让步状语从句。注意：whichever指一定范围中的“无论哪一个”。
5．New Yorkers have their own ________ way of celebrating Saint Patrick's Day, which you can't find in other cities.
A. general B. famous
C. strange D. unique
答案与解析　D　根据定语从句“你在其他城市见不到”可知选unique，表示“独特的”方式。
6．My sister used to be very shy, but she has ________ since she joined the club last term.
A. come to life B. come to power
C. come into being D. come to herself
答案与解析　A　根据but可知此处表示与shy相对的状态，故选come to life(变得活跃)。come to power“当权；上台”； come into being“形成；产生”； come to herself“她苏醒过来”。
7．— Nanjing is famous ________ its long history, right?
— That's true. It is also famous ________ the capital city of six dynasties.
A. as; for B. for; as
C. for; for D. as; as
答案与解析　B　be famous for ...“因为……而闻名”； be famous as ...“作为……而闻名”。
8．There are many wonderful theme parks in America, ________ Disneyland in California is my favorite.
A. for which B. with which
C. of which D. in which
答案与解析　C　从句主语Disneyland in California 与先行词theme parks in America之间是所属关系，故用of which引导定语从句。
9．— The 3D cinema provides a brand new experience of ________ space.
— Yes. You can even take ________ journey to the end of the solar system.
A. the; a B. /; a
C. the; the D. /; the
答案与解析　B　space意为“空间；太空”时，其前不用冠词；根据题意可知，journey在此为泛指，故其前用不定冠词。
10．Though ________ after the 18th century European building style, the house also has its own characteristics.
A. modelling B. having modelled
C. being modelled D. modelled
答案与解析　D　be modeled after“根据……模仿；仿造”，这里用过去分词短语作状语，表示被动，前面省略了it was。
11．________ the sun is shining, it is not very warm today.
A. Unless B. When
C. If D. Though
答案与解析　D　前后分句之间是转折关系，故用Though引导让步状语从句。
12．Jack does not get on well with his workmates because his ________ don't agree with his words.
A. deeds B. performances
C. activities D. movements
答案与解析　A　句意：杰克与同事相处得不好是因为他言行不一致。deed“行为；行动”，符合句意。performance“表演；表现”； activity“活动”； movement“动作；活动”。
13．Mr. Smith often climbs mountains on weekends, because he is fond of ________ nature.
A. getting away from B. getting close to
C. getting along with D. getting together with
答案与解析　B　根据句子前半部分“经常周末去爬山”可知，“史密斯先生喜欢亲近大自然”，故选get close to(接近)。get away from“逃开；躲开”； get along with“与……和睦相处；进展”： get together with“与……相聚”。
14．Don't just sit there ________ your legs; come and help me carry the box upstairs.
A. swing B. to swing
C. swinging D. and swinging
答案与解析　C　祈使句的否定省略了主语you，因you与swing构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其动词ing形式作伴随状语。
15．— I worked till 4：00 a．m. to prepare a report for my boss.
— ________ you look very tired.
A. No doubt B. No hurry
C. No wonder D. No need
答案与解析　C　No wonder“难怪”。答语补充完整为：It is no wonder that you look very tired。句意：——为了给老板准备报告，我工作到凌晨四点。——难怪你看起来那么累。No doubt“毫无疑问”； No hurry“不着急”； No need“没必要”。
第二节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I'm an American. Years ago, I traveled to the north of Thailand. I __16__ the heat, the noisy streets, the busy markets and the smell of Thai dishes. I enjoyed my __17__ there very much. However, there is one thing that I wish I hadn't done.
One day, I set off from my hotel to a temple that __18__ me. It was a very __19__ day. As I walked past some buildings, I glanced between two __20__ buildings. There, an old woman in traditional clothing __21__ on the dusty rubble (碎石). The terrible thought crossed my mind that she might be __22__. Feeling quite helpless, I __23__ her. Her face was sunkissed. She looked quite beautiful but very ill. I __24__ reached into my pocket to find some __25__. Then I pushed it into her hand. It was enough for her to __26__ for a few months. At this moment, she opened her large, brown eyes and __27__ the prize I'd given her. I felt like the “__28__stranger”．
__29__ a common language, she looked at me with the wisdom and pity that could burn into a soul. She weakly __30__ the money. She stood up and walked away. I was __31__， with the money in my hand. It took me at least a kilometer of walking to __32__ I was quite the fool. She didn't need money. __33__ she needed shelter, a cup of water or just some comfort. She was the one who taught me a good __34__.
That evening, I sat thinking over my “kindness”. This beautiful woman made me know that not everyone would __35__ someone else's money. We should be kind to others, but we should choose the right way.
16．A. preferred B. loved
C. expected D. disliked
17．A. style B. stay
C. idea D. way
18．A. bored B. scared
C. needed D. interested
19．A. cold B. warm
C. cool D. hot
20．A. beautiful B. unfinished
C. wonderful D. common
21．A. lay B. sat
C. stood D. walked
22．A. hungry B. dead
C. thirsty D. sleepy
23．A. went up to B. looked down up
C. ran away from D. took care of
24．A. strangely B. luckily
C. unwillingly D. immediately
25．A. fruit B. paper
C. money D. food
26．A. live B. work
C. see D. wear
27．A. looked for B. took away
C. went through D. looked at
28．A. careful B. kind
C. exciting D. pretty
29．A. Without B. With
C. Like D. For
30．A. watched out B. threw away
C. put away D. pushed back
31．A. high B. excited
C. happy D. surprised
32．A. show B. remember
C. realize D. tell
33．A. Finally B. Sometimes
C. Usually D. Maybe
34．A. word B. lesson
C. saying D. thought
35．A. accept B. hide
C. consider D. refuse
答案与解析　
语篇解读　在泰国的一次好心行为让作者明白，做好事要用对方法。
16．B　根据后文I enjoyed的语境，可推断前文提到的那些东西作者都喜欢。
17．B　作者是在泰国旅游，故应选B项，表示她在泰国所逗留的那段日子。
18．D　作者应该是去一座让她感兴趣的寺庙。
19．D　根据后文说那位老妇人需要的是荫凉的语境，可知这天很热。
20．B　根据On the dusty rubble的语境，可知这两栋楼都没有完工。
21．A　根据后文语境，可知那位老妇人是躺在碎石上。
22．B　根据上文The terrible thought的语境，可知作者害怕那位老妇人死了。
23．A　根据后文语境，可知作者朝那位老妇人走了过去。
24．D　根据后文语境可知，作者是立即把手伸进口袋里找钱。
25．C　作者把手伸进口袋是为了取出一些钱。
26．A　作者给了那位老妇人一些钱，这些钱在作者看来足够那位老妇人生活好几个月了。
27．D　老妇人接过钱，应该是看着手里的钱。
28．B　作者看见老妇人在看着手里的钱，以为她很感动，故认为自己是一个“好心的陌生人”。
29．A　根据后文she looked at me的语境。可知作者跟那位老妇人并没有言语上的交流，故选A项，表示她们说的不是同一种语言。
30．D　根据后文语境，可知老妇人并没有要作者的钱，故可知她把钱推回到了作者的手里。
31．D　作者并没想到老妇人会拒绝她的钱，故她很惊讶。
32．C　在走了一公里路之后，作者终于意识到自己做错了。
33．D　作者是在揣测，故选D项，表示那位老妇人可能只是需要一个荫凉的地方，一杯水，或只是别人的安慰而已。
34．B　从上文teach一词的语境，可知应选B项，表示老妇人的举动给了作者一个很好的教训。
35．A　作者意识到不是每个人都会接受别人施舍的钱。
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节；满分30分)
第一节　(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every time I lost a tooth I would put it under my pillow at night. The next morning I would wake up to find two coins replacing my tooth. Then I'd wonder about the tooth fairy (牙齿精灵) all day.
“Mom, where do you think the tooth fairy lives? What does she do with the teeth she collects？”
My mom said she didn't know. She only knew that the tooth fairy took the tooth away while we were sleeping and left us some money under our pillow. But I wanted to find out.
So I think it was a good thing that I would lose another tooth. The plan was to stay up all night and question the tooth fairy when she showed up.
That night I lay quietly in my bed, growing sleepy as the night went on. Moments later, I felt that someone was close to me. Through my halfopened eyes, I didn't see any feet, but I knew it was the tooth fairy. I watched her run around and fly right out of my room. She was wearing a shiny green dress.
After she left, I immediately felt under my pillow. There were two coins. I had never even felt my pillow move. I wondered if she used magic.
As I got older, I learned from my teachers that the tooth fairy didn't exist. It was just a mythical figure (神话人物) of early childhood. I kind of thought it was, but how could I see the tooth fairy fly that night?
Then one night my mom came into my room to check on me. The moonlight was bright that night and it shone through my window right on her shiny green nightdress. Right then I knew deep down that my mom was the tooth fairy.
语篇解读　本文是记叙文。作者回忆了小时候一段关于牙齿精灵的趣事。
36．As a young girl, the author ________.
A. was afraid of the tooth fairy
B. was interested in the tooth fairy
C. knew where the tooth fairy lived
D. doubted if the tooth fairy existed
答案与解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then I'd wonder about the tooth fairy all day”可知，作者小时候对牙齿精灵很感兴趣。
37．The author thought it was a good thing for her to lose another tooth because ________.
A. she could get some coins
B. she disliked her baby teeth
C. she wanted to help her mother solve a mystery
D. she believed the tooth fairy would come again
答案与解析　D　推理判断题。根据第四段“So I think it was a good thing ... question the tooth fairy when she showed up”可知，作者计划不睡觉等着牙齿精灵出现，并向她问问题。由此可推断，作者认为又要掉牙是好事，因为她认为牙齿精灵会再次出现。
38．When the author felt someone was close to her, she ________.
A. thought her mother had come
B. believed she was in a dream
C. was only half awake
D. was unable to sleep
答案与解析　C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“growing sleepy as the night went on”和“Through my halfopened eyes”可知，夜越来越深，作者也越来越困，处于半睡半醒的状态。
B
When you are in London, which hotel do you want to stay in? Here are some nice but affordable hotels in London.
55 (￡65)
In this hotel, there's a garden that allows guests to hang around outside with a drink, a Japanese restaurant, and a 24hour bar that serves all sorts of drinks at fair prices.
Arran House Hotel (￡97)
The main attraction here is the social history of this location. But if you're not interested in history, there's always the private rose garden and a DVD library for you to have fun. Generally, the rooms are luxurious (奢侈的) and provide all the necessary tools; however, the history of the place is the main selling point here.
The Hoxton (￡69)
The Hoxton has always been famous for its ￡1perroom offers, but for those who can't get one of those offers it's still affordable. A free small breakfast is provided to all rooms. There is also a nice restaurant next door.
The Pavilion (￡100)
The Pavilion is a place where each of the 30 rooms has a musical theme. Metallica, Honky Tonk Afro, and Casablanca Nights are just some of the themed rooms. The music is very classical and those who are part of the older generation will find staying here to be a very pleasant experience. Faces like Duran Duran and Naomi Campbell have turned up to this hotel before, so it must be good.
语篇解读　本文是应用文。文章介绍了伦敦几家既实惠又舒适的酒店。
39．Who would most probably be interested in staying at Arran House Hotel?
A. Someone who is interested in history.
B. Someone who is fond of Japanese food.
C. Someone who likes visiting a bar for a drink.
D. Someone who likes watching movies in the room.
答案与解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段的“The main attraction here is the social history of this location”以及“however, the history of the place is the main selling point here”可推断，对历史感兴趣的人会选择这家酒店。
40．If you want to stay at a hotel for one night at only ￡1, you should try ________.
A. 55 B. The Hoxton
C. Arran House Hotel D. The Pavilion
答案与解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段的“The Hoxton has always been famous for its ￡1perroom offers”可知B项正确。
41．Duran Duran and Naomi Campbell are mentioned to show the hotel is ________.
A. musicthemed B. luxurious
C. famous D. nice
答案与解析　D　推理判断题。根据第五段的“Faces like Duran Duran and Naomi Campbell have turned up to this hotel before, so it must be good”可推断，作者在这里列举了两个在这家酒店住过的名人，以此来说明这家酒店不错。
42．The author writes the text to ________.
A. compare different hotels in London
B. encourage readers to pay a visit to London
C. tell readers what hotels he has stayed at in London
D. recommend some nice but affordable hotels in London
答案与解析　D　写作目的题。作者主要向我们推荐了伦敦几家实惠而又很不错的酒店，故选D项。
C
Almost all theme park accidents can be prevented. Here, based on theme park safety, are some tips to help you and your family stay safe on your next visit.
Stay_Cool,_and_Don't_Get_Burned
Heat causes more pain and injury at theme parks than all the world's roller coasters (过山车) combined. Water is your best friend in helping prevent heatrelated illnesses in theme parks. Choose water rather than juice and soft drinks whenever you get thirsty. Put on a waterproof sunscreen before you enter the park. A hat or a pair of sunglasses can help, too.
________
On any theme park ride, keep your rear (后部) on the seat, your hands on the grab bar (扶手) and your feet and knees inside the car. If there is no grab bar, keep your hands on your lap (大腿部). If you are riding a “floorless” coaster, relax your legs. Don't kick them out to the side or front. Do not get on or off a ride until you've been given the okay by an attendant to do so.
Help_the_Kids
If you are visiting with children, tell them how they should behave. Meanwhile, parents also should know the following rules, too.
★ Tell them to stay seated, to hold the grab bar or put their hands on their laps.
★ And never put a crying child on a ride. If your child starts to cry, let others pass you in line until your child is calmed. Or, gently exit the queue and find something more relaxing to do.
★ Let them take plenty of breaks.
“Kids get tired，” said TPI reader Matt Johnson, a father of four. “Tired kids make parents even more tired. And tired kids and parents get hurt — physically and emotionally.” He advises that parents plan a midday break, perhaps a swim back at the hotel, to avoid midday heat and crowds.
“You will see many families having a miserable time while you are refreshed and having a great evening.”
语篇解读　本文为人们在游览主题公园时，需要注意的几个安全方面的问题。
43．The subtitle for the third paragraph should be ________.
A. Look After Yourselves
B. Do Not Get On or Off a Ride Alone
C. Relax Your Legs
D. Stay In to Stay Safe
答案与解析　D　主旨大意题。由本段所叙述的内容可知答案为D项。Stay In to Stay Safe可理解为“安全驾驶指南”。其余几项都是具体细节，不能概括本段含义。
44．The best title of the passage would probably be ________.
A. Theme Park Safety Tips
B. How to Protect Yourselves Better
C. Full Preparations before Visiting Theme Parks
D. Theme Park Accidents
答案与解析　A　主旨大意题。第一段中“Here, based on theme park safety, are some tips to help you and your family stay safe on your next visit.”指出了文章要介绍的内容。
45．The underlined word “emotionally” most probably means ________.
A. bodily B. moodily
C. mentally D. materially
答案与解析　C　词义猜测题。bodily“身体上地”； moodily“心情不稳地；易生气地”； mentally“精神上地”； materially“本质上地；物质上地”。由前面的词physically“身体上地”可知emotionally为“精神上地”，故选择C项。
第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to create calm in your daily life
Most of us need some for calm in our lives. A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm. __46__ You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule.
Go walking. Walking is perfect and you can do it well anywhere. Simply walking and taking in the view is stress (压力) reducing. __47__ It makes room for new ideas to take root.
Appreciate nature. When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open, and that's great if you can. __48__ Actually nature is everywhere. Find a park or a small patch (小块地) of green, or just stick your head out of the window! You have many ways to appreciate nature.
Listen to music. Many people listen to music to calm themselves down. Music actually lifts us out of ourselves. Discover what music works for you. __49__
Do some activities. Certain activities like yoga (瑜伽) and t'ai chi need quiet focus. __50__ They are good for the body, mind and spirit. Classes are a good place to begin, but once you learn the skills, you can practice anywhere: home, school or even on the road.
Try out some of these ways and you'll soon be practicing moments of calm.
A. Notice the animals around you.
B. But what if you are in the city?
C. They are perfect for active calming.
D. It's a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head.
E. Music is a way to express the way that they are feeling.
F. With enjoyable music even work can be “music to your ears”．
G. You don't have to find a mountain to sit on, or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours.
答案　46.G　47.D　48.B　49.F　50.C
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(每小题1分，满分10分)
英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文。假设以下短文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
3．必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。
Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me?
答案　
Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test ， but I tried  to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend,  me to let her  copy my answers. After  for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test,  of us were called to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the . We were warned not to cheat again  she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why  she punish me?
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华。请你给笔友Peter写封信，告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机。信中还需说明：
李明：高个子，戴眼镜
航班号：CA985
到达：8月6日上午11：30
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Dear Peter，
How are you doing?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
范文　
Dear_Peter，
How_are_you_doing?
I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference, and I've asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you've asked for before.
Also, I'd like you to do me a favor. Would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the U．S.? Thank you in advance!
His flight number is CA985, and it will arrive at 11：30 am, August 6. My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses. And he will be in a blue jacket.
Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
《从社区看我家》（说课稿）
尊敬的各位专家、同仁：
大家好。我今天说课的题目是《从社区看我家》，共分为六个部分：教材分析、学情分析、教法学法、教学流程、板书设计和设计感悟。
一、教材分析
（一）教材地位和作用
《从社区看我家》一课是人教版七上第一单元第一课“我的家在哪里”的第1课时。作为全书的第一部分，旨在引导学生从认识个人生活的社区环境着眼，从身边熟悉的事物出发，逐步认识我们生活的世界。教材主要通过平面图和地图的方式来说明家在社区中的位置，阅读和使用地图是学生认识社会，以及生活中不可或缺的基础知识和基本技能，也是学习历史与社会课程的必备工具之一。
根据课标要求，结合教材内容和学生实际，我拟定了如下教学目标：
（二）教学目标
1．知识与能力：知道地图的三要素,运用地图确定方向及测定距离。
2．过程与方法：学生在绘制教室平面图等课堂活动中，通过比较、概括等思维过程，形成地图三要素的基本概念，进而学会解决实际问题。
3．情感态度价值观：通过体验性学习，激发学生学习地理问题的热情，同时培养学生的合作精神、让学生享受成功的喜悦。
（三）教学重难点　
在教学目标和教材内容的指引下，结合学生知识储备，我拟定了如下教学重、难点：
重点：地图三要素的学习与运用。
难点：比例尺的学习与运用。
二、学情分析
初中学生好动、好奇、好表现；注意力易分散，爱发表见解，希望得到老师的表扬，所以一方面要创设学生感兴趣的情境，引发学生的兴趣，使他们的注意力始终集中在课堂上。另一方面要创造条件和机会，让学生发表见解，并且及时激励学生，发挥学生学习的主动性。
三、教法学法
我的教学总体构想是“教师搭台，学生唱戏” ，倡导学生主动学习，乐于探究。“教师搭台”是指我设置情景，通过问题的设计扮演好组织者和引路者的角色。 “学生唱戏”是指让学生分组讨论，合作探究读图，通过活动进行体验性学习，让学生真正成为课堂活动的主角。
四、说教学流程
（一）情境创设、导入新课
【课前准备】
即将召开家长会，布置学生预习本节内容，每人画一张学校平面图，帮助家长能准确找到自己的班级。
【设计意图】
通过预习让学生对地图的基本要素有初步的了解，同时也锻炼学生收集地理信息的能力。
上课时，请同学相互展示自己所画的平面图，并相互点评对方所绘平面图的完整性。
【设计意图】
由学生自己所画的平面图引入，会让学生对这部分知识感到亲切。同时通过点评让学生相互去发现对方所绘平面地图的完整性，这样既达到导入新课——地图的三要素的目的又激发学生学习本节课的兴趣。
（二）师生互动、突出重点
选两张学生画的有代表性的学校平面图
1、图例和注记
提问：同样所画是学校平面图，为什么教学楼A楼在两幅图中所画的不一样呢？
学生讨论，引出图例和注记。
图例——地图上用来表示各种地理事物的符号
注记——地图上用来说明符号的文字和数字（选择一幅地图解释哪些属于图例，哪些属于注记）
指导学生读图：观察“常用图例图”，并利用《世界政区图》和《世界地形图》去寻找这些图例，通过学和用，来加深印象。
【设计意图】
这部分知识较为简单，以学生为主体，通过观察法进行学习。以看图分析为主，同时培养学生读图、分析地图的能力。
2、方向
继续提问：同样所画是学校平面图，为什么操场和教学楼在两幅图中的相对位置不一样呢？
学生讨论，引出方向。（因为他们所站的观察角度不同即方向不同，所以两者的相对位置不一样）
一般定向法：学会肯定会说出“上北下南、左西右东”这一方向判定口诀，在学生回答的基础上给出没有任何方向指示的地图，叫学生说出指定的两地的相对方向。然后给出“地平面上八个方向图”。
指向标定向法：再给出一幅带有指向标的地图，指定两地叫学生判断相对方向，学生肯定会忽视指向标，从而回答错误，这时在地图上圈出“指向标”提醒学生，并告知口诀：指向标永远指向北方，然后从新判断两地相对位置。（南京站在中山陵什么方向）
经纬网定向法：给出一幅带有经纬网的地图，指定两地叫学生判断相对方向，因为之前没有学习过有关经纬线知识，所以，经纬网学生也是初次了解，因为在从地球仪上看世界要重点讲解经纬线，所以，本课仅让学生了解“经线指示南北方向，纬线指示东西方向”即可。
一般定向法：上北下南、左西右东
总结：方向的分类 指向标定向法：箭头总是指向北
经纬网定向法：经线指示南北方向、纬线指示东西方向
【设计意图】
这一部分教学主要是通过典型实例分析，让学生在学中练，在练中学，完成三幅地图中方向的判断，掌握
知识点，培养学生的识图、用图的能力。
师说明：因为比例尺的学习既是重点也是难点，所以将比例尺内容放在难点处讲解。
（三）合作探究、突破难点
3、比例尺
再次提问：同样是学校平面图，为什么操场在两幅图中大小不一样呢？
学生讨论，引出比例尺。
比例尺：比例尺表示图上距离比实地距离缩小的程度，地图上的比例尺也简称为“缩尺”。 图上距离
比例尺=
实地距离
合作探究活动：小组合作，量出教室的长和宽，按比例缩小画在纸上，画出教室的平面图，并标出比例尺大小。（分小组测量，共享数据，可以节省时间）
通过活动发现问题。
问题一：比例尺应该用何种形式表示？
学生在作图的过程中，教师通过观察发现，在表示比例尺时，学生有的用线段表示，有的用文字表示，还有的用数字表示。
小结：比例尺的三种表现形式，老师强调比例尺使用时要注意的事项，如数字式比例尺表示的是图上距离与实际距离的倍数关系，使用时两者单位要一致；线段和文字式比例尺须注明数值和单位。
问题二：比例尺大小对比
【课堂练习】：三种比例尺表示方法间的换算和比较。
（对学生进行学法指导：首先一律写成分数形式，其次换算成统一单位，最后比较分母，分母数字大比例尺则小，分母数字小比例尺则大。）
【拓展】：给出浙江省地图和中国地图，注明两幅图图幅大小相同，设计三个问题：
哪一幅地图表示的区域范围大？
杭州在两幅地图中的详细程度是否相同？
为什么会出现这种情况？
指导学生观察地图，解决三个问题，可以得出结论：
在图幅相同的情况下进行比较
比例尺
大
小
表示的范围
小
大
内容详略
详细
简略
【设计意图】
比例尺这部分内容是本节课的一个重难点，虽然学生知道比例尺，但是，对于比例尺中各项具体表示的内容很容易混淆。让学生自己动手测量、绘图，可以加深对比例尺定义的理解及发现因比例尺大小引起实地范围大小及内容详略程度不同。故而，采用活动教学。 从活动中发现问题，再讨论分析问题，最后由学生解决问题，体现学生的主体地位。
（四）拓展延伸、留有余味
作业设计：根据所学地图三要素知识，将自己所画的学校平面图修改完善，然后从班级中选出最好的一幅（图例和注记清楚，比例尺选用得当，方向清楚标明），复印发给每位同学家长，并注明姓名。
五、板书设计
图例和注记：常用图例
地 一般定向法：上北下南、左西右东
图 方向： 指向标定向法：指向标永远指向北方
“ 经纬网定向法：经线指示南北方向、纬线指示东西方向
语
言 公式 数字式
” 三种表示方法 线段式
文字式
比例尺： 比例尺大小对比
比例尺大小、地图实地范围大小、内容详略程度之间关系


六、设计感悟
本课设计与别人不一样，主要体现在以下几方面：
注重学生能力的提升：通过层层问题的设计，对学生进行思维引导，提升学生思考能力；指导学生
读图，培养读图能力等。
2、注重学生情感的升华：通过绘画学校平面图，感受体验性学习，激发学生学习地理知识的热情，通过选择最好的地图在家长会上使用并注明姓名，调动学生积极性，为荣誉而努力。
3、注重学生合作意识的培养：通过小组合作探究活动，增加学生合作意识，共同完成任务。
以上就是我对《从社区看我家》的说课设计，在讲述过程中如有不妥之处，敬请各位专家、同仁批评指正，谢谢大家。