Unit 12 Life is full of the unppexted 语法精析+学法应用+典题技精炼

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected .
语法精析
过去完成时
定义
表示过去某一时间或动作以前发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是 “过去的过去”
表示发生在过去的动作对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果，用来指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的一个事件。
概述
表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过发生的事对过去的影响与结果（根据语境分析).可以用by, before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句（在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句或一个时间状语从句）来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可通过上下文来表示。
By nine o’clock last night , we had taken 200 pictures.
到昨天晚上9点钟，我们已经拍了200 张图片了。
表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for , since构成的时间状语连用。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
我在车站已经等了20分钟，一辆公共汽车终于来了。
叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去过去完成时。
Mr. Smith died yesterday . He had been a good friend of mine .
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。
I didn’t know a thing about the meeting , for I had no attention it .
我对那个会议一无所知，因为我没有参加过。
在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事， 先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
I returned the book that I had borrowed.
我已归还了我借的的书。
过去完成时常常用在：told , said , knew , heard , thought 等动词后宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before .
我认为我一星期前就吧信寄出去了。
状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，“发生在过去的过去”，用过去完成时，发生在后，用一般过去时。
如：when , before , after . as soon as , till /until 引导的
When I woke up , my mother had finished gone to work
我醒来时妈妈已经去上班了。
She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work .
她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。
注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before 和after 的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确。这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
After he arrived in England , Marx worked hard to improve his English .
马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高她的英语水平。
动词think , want , hope ,mean , plan , intend 等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。
They had wanted to help but could not get there in time .
他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you.
我们本来希望能来看看你。
过去完成时还可用在hardly ... when , no sooner ...than .It was the first (second ,etc) time (that) ...等固定句型中。
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him .
他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again .
他刚到就又走了。
It was the third time that he had been out of work that year
这是他那一年第三次失业了。
3基本结构
主语+had +过去分词（done )
肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他
否定句： 主语+had not +过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+had . 否定回答：No, 主语+hadn’t
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词+其他）
被动语态：主语+had(not) +been +过去分词+其他。
典题精炼
选择填空。
( ) 1. I met Li Lei in the street yesterday . We _____ each other since we left high school
haven’t seen B. hadn’t seen C. didn’t see D. weren’t seeing
( ) 2. When I arrived ,Mr. Smith ______ , so we only had time for a few words.
just left B. was about to leave
C has just left D. had just left
( ) 3. -How long _____ the movie ______ when the students got there
-About 10 minutes .
has ; begun B. had ; begun C . had ; been on D. has ; been on
( ) 4. The pretty lady _____ a knowledgeable man last month . They’re on their honeymoon in Venice now .
married B. got married C . married with D . got married with
( ) 5. By the time I ______home , I realized that I ______ my umbrella in the shop .
got ; forget B. arrived ; left
C got ; had forgotten D. arrived ; had left
( ) 6. The bottle is ______ . Please fill it for me ..
full B . empty C. hot D. hungry
( ) 7. How I wish I could sleep longer ! However , I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock ______ .
ran off B. went off C. took off D . turned off
( ) 8. The plane ____ when we got to airport .
had taken off B. was taken off
C will take off D. is taking off
( ) 9. By the end of last month , I ____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber .
collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected
( ) 10. -I wore sports shoes to the party yesterday evening by mistake .
-Oh, dear , you must be very _______ at the party .
embarrassed B. satisfied C . tired D. surprised
( ) 11. When Li Ming hurried home , he found that his mother ______already ______ to hospital .
has ; been sent B. had ; sent
C has ; sent D. had ; been sent
( ) 12. We ______five English songs by the end of last term .
had learned B. learned
C have learned D. will have learned
( ) 13. Han Mei told me she ______ lunch , so she was very hungry .
has had B. hasn’t have C . have had D hadn’t had
( ) 14. By the end of 1976, many buildings ______ built in the city .
have been B. have C . had been D. will
( ) 15. She _____ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _______ home .
has left ; comes B. had left ; would come
C had left ; came D. left ; had come
( ) 16. He said that it was at least ten years since I _______ a good drink .
had enjoyed B. was enjoyed C. have enjoyed D. have been enjoying
( ) 17. The meeting _____ when Mr. Wang _____ to school .
has begun ; get B. has been on ; get
C had begun ; got D. had been on ; got
用括号中所给单词适当的形式填空。
When I returned home , he ________(leave)
By ten yesterday evening , she _________(finish ) writing .
He ______(study)English for five years before he came here.
It _______(stop) raining when I woke up this morning .
I _______(not read) the book because I had read it before .
She said she ______(be) born in 1992.
When he _______(come) to China two years ago he found people didn’t understand him at all though he ______(learn ) some Chinese in his own country .
I saw Han Mei yesterday . We _______(not see ) each other since I left Beijing .
When I got to his home , he _______(go)to bed.
She asked if Mr. Liu _______already ______(come) back .
学法应用
用所给词的适当形式填空。
We _______(paint ) the house before we _______ (move ) in
That rich old man ______(make )a will before he _______(die)
They _______(study) the map of the country before they _______(leave)
The robbers _______(run away ) before the policeman _______ (arrive )
I _______ (turn off ) all the lights before I ______9go )to bed.
Paul _______(go)out with Jane after he ______(make ) a phone call .
Tom ______(say) he ______(read) the book twice.
Our plan _______(fail ) because we ______(make) a bad mistake .
When the chairman ________(finish ) speaking , he ______ (leave) the hall .
The Reads _______(have) lunch when I ______(get) to their house.
When I _______(arrive) at the station , he ______(leave)
We ______(learn) about 40000 English words by the end of last term.
I waited until he _______(finish ) his homework .
We were surprised at what she _______already _____ (do )
She _________(not go) to Qingdao because she _______(be) there before .
He ________(not tell ) you the news yet.
He said he _______already _________(give) the book to the teacher .
I ______(be) to Shanghai before .
She told me she ________(be) to Sanya three times.
She _______(play) the guitar while her sister _______(sing ) .
句型转换。
I had sold the ticket when she came . (改为否定句）
_______________________________________________
She had sung a song to us before she danced . (改为否定句）
___________________________________________________
They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drink . (改为否定句）
_____________________________________________________
By 10:00 a.m. Ii had been very hungry . (改为一般疑问句）
_______________________________________________________
Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived. (改为一般疑问句）
_________________________________________________________
By the time he got to the airport , the plane had taken off . (给位一般疑问句）
_____________________________________________________________
He had broken his arm when I saw him . (对画线部分提问）
________________________________________________________________
When he had read the note , he ate it . (对画线部分提问）
________________________________________________________________
Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film . (对画线部分提问）
___________________________________________________________________
We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child . (对画线部分提问）
________________________________________________________________
She had written the book by the end of 1960. (对画线部分提问）
____________________________________________________________________
We cooked the dumplings . We ate them up . (用过去完成时连接两句)
_____________________________________________________________________
Jim’s father mended the car . It was broken . (用过去完成时连接两句)
_______________________________________________________________________
We had our tests . Then we had a long holiday . (用过去完成时连接两句）
_______________________________________________________________________
He showed us the pictures . Then he showed us around the house . (用过去完成时连接两句）
_____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
语法精炼
1-5 BBCAD 6-10 BBADA 11-15 DADCC 16-17 AC
1. had left 2. had finished 3. had studied 4. had stopped 5. didn’t read 6. was 7. came ; had learned 8. hadn’t seen 9. had gone 10. had ; come
学法应用
1. had painted ; moved 2. had made ; died 3. had studied ; left 4. had run away ; arrived 5. had turned off; went 6. went ; had made ; 7. said ; had read 8. failed ; had made 9. (had) finished ; left 10. were having /had had ; got 11. arrived ; had left 12. had learned 13. (had) finished 14. had ; given 15. didn’t go ; had been 16. hasn’t told 17. had ; given 18. have been 19. had been 20. was playing ; was singing .
1. I hadn’t sold the ticket wen she came.
2She hadn’t sung a song to us before she danced .
They didn’t begin to climb the mountain after they had bought the food and drink .
Had you been very hungry by 10:00 a.m.
Had Lucy completed the porject when I arrived yet
Had the plane taken off by the time he got to the airport
What had he done when you saw him
What did he do when he had read the note
Why didn’t Jack go to the cinema
How long had you /we had the toys before you /we gave them to the child
What had she written by the end of 1960 /
After we had cooked the dumplings , we ate them up .
Jim’s father mended the car because it had been broken .
After we had had our tests , we had a long holiday .
Before he showed us around the house , he had showed us the picture.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)