教材词汇要记牢(1－8册已学词汇)
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．wildlife n．野生动植物
2．habitat n．栖息地；(动植物的)自然环境
3．threaten vt.& vi.恐吓；威胁
threat(n.)威胁
endanger vt.危害；使受到危险
danger(n.)危险 dangerous(adj.)危险的
5．zone n．地域；地带；地区
6．species n．种类；物种
special(adj.)特别的
7．carpet n．地毯
8．fur n．毛皮；毛；软毛
9．certain adj.确定的；某一；一定
certainly 形近词：curtain窗帘
10．mosquito n．蚊子
11．extinction n．灭绝；消亡
extinct(adj.)消失的
12．dinosaur n．恐龙
13．unexpected adj.没料到的；意外的
expected(adj.)期待的 expect(v.) unexpectedly(adv.)
disappearance n．消失
appear(v.)出现 appearance(n.)外貌，出现 disappear(v.)消失
faithfully adv.忠诚地；忠实地
faith(n.)信仰 faithful(adj.)有信仰的 unfaithful(adj.)不忠诚的
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
wild adj.野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的(n.)自然环境
wilderness(n.)荒野
decrease vi.& vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少
increase(v.)增加
3．loss n．损失；遗失；丧失 lose(v.)-lost-lost at a loss一团糟
4．reserve n．保护区 (v.)保留 reservation(n.)保留，保存
5．laughter n．笑；笑声 laugh(v.)笑 burst out laughing=burst into laughter
6．rub vt.擦；摩擦 rubber=eraser(n.)橡皮擦
7．insect n．昆虫
8．contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍 container(n.)容器
9．powerful adj.强大的；有力的 power(n.)力量 powerless(adj.)没有权力的
10．affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭 effect(n.)效果 effective(adj.)有效的 affection(n.)情感
11．attention n．注意；关注；注意力 attentive(adj.)注意的
12．income n．收入=revenue=wages=salary=pay=laborage
13．bite vt.& vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；刺痛
14．inspect vt.检查；视察 inspection(n.)视察
15．incident n．事件；事变 incidentally(adv.)偶然地=accidentally
16．dust n．灰尘；尘土；尘埃 dusty(adj.)有灰尘的
17．fierce adj.凶猛的；猛烈的 fiercely(adv.)凶猛地
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．protection n．保护→protect vt.保护；防卫 protective(adj.)保护性的
2．respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应→response n．回答；反应；响应
3．distant adj.远的；远处的；疏远的→distance n．距离；远方；疏远
4．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve vt.使减轻；缓解
5．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的；怜悯的 merciless(adj.)残忍的
6．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n．感激；感谢
7．succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地
8．secure adj.安全的；可靠的→security n．安全
9．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员；雇工→employment n．雇用；就业；职业；工作
interview采访 interviewer 采访者 interviewee被采访者
train 训练 trainer训练者 trainee被训练者
address发言 addresser发言者 addressee 听话者
10．harm n．& vt.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
11．ending n．结局；结尾→end v．结束
12．hunt vt.& vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunter n．猎人；猎手
13．importance n．重要(性)→important adj.重要的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．die out灭亡；逐渐消失
2．in peace和平地；和睦地；安详地 反义短语：at war处于交战状态
3．in danger (of)在危险中；垂危
4．in relief如释重负；松了口气
5．burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来=burst out laughing
6．protect...from保护……不受……(危害)=keep ... from..=stop... from...=prevent... from...
7．pay attention to注意=take notice of=keep an eye on=watch out for=concentrate/focus/center on=be careful of
8．do harm to对……有害；损害……=be harmful to
9．come into being/existence形成；产生
10．according to按照；根据……所说
增加词汇来助力(9－10册未学词汇)
1．peck/pek/vt.& vi.啄食
2．cliff/klIf/n.悬崖，峭壁
3．expedition/ ekspI'dI n/n.远征；探险
expeditionary(adj.)探险的 expedite(v.)促进 expeditionist(n.)探险家
4.compulsory/k m'p ls rI/adj.必须做的，必修的
compulsory course必修课 optional course选修课
5．incident/'InsId nt/n.事件，事变
6．departure/dI'pɑ t /n.出发，离开 depart(v.)出发
7．crew/kru /n.(轮船、飞机等上的)工作人员，(工作)队
8．deposit/dI'p zIt/vt.放，(把钱)存入银行
9．dilemma/dI'lem ，daI-/n.进退两难的局面
10．drawback/'dr b k/n.缺点，障碍
经典句式需悟通
1．Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife.
戴茜一直都渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。
2．It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.
这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
3．After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
4．They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.
他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
5．This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left.
这里是红髯猴唯一的家园，但是现在所剩无几了。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．wildlife n．野生动植物
2．zone n．地域；地带；地区
3．species n．种类；物种
4．carpet n．地毯
5．disappearance n．消失
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共14分)
6．decrease vi.& vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少
7．loss n．损失；遗失；丧失
8．laughter n．笑；笑声
9．contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍
10．affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭
11．inspect vt.检查；视察
12．fierce adj.凶猛的；猛烈的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
13．respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应→response n．回答；反应；响应
14．distant adj.远的；远处的；疏远的→distance n．距离；远方；疏远
15．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物→relieve vt.使减轻；缓解
16．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的；怜悯的
17．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n．感激；感谢
18．succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地
19．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员；雇工→employment n．雇用；就业；职业；工作
20．harm n．& vt.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
21．expedition n．远征；探险
22．incident n．事件，事变
23．departure n．出发，离开
24．dilemma n．进退两难的局面
25．drawback n．缺点，障碍
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共20分)
26．die out灭亡；逐渐消失
27．in peace和平地；和睦地；安详地
28．in danger (of)在危险中；垂危
29．in relief如释重负；松了口气
30．burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来
31．protect...from保护……不受……(危害)
32．pay attention to注意
33．do harm to对……有害；损害……
34．come into being/existence形成；产生
35．according to按照；根据……所说
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．The boss in that company is unwilling to employ female workers.
2．This incident(事件) really let me know that I have a long way to go.
3．The building is regularly inspected(检查) by the fire-safety officer.
4．As is known，success(成功) comes to those who never give up.
5．The document is very important and it should be kept in a secure place.
6．Due to the strict traffic regulations on drunk driving，the number of accidents from it has greatly decreased(减少)．
7．From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team.
8．They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.(2018·天津)
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．The hunter agreed to take us to go hunting tomorrow.(hunt)
10．Not all bacteria are harmful to us in life.That is，some bacteria do harm to us.(harm)
11．I would appreciate it if you had appreciation of the difficulties we faced.(appreciate)
12．He succeeded to his father’s estate and eventually became a successful businessman.(succeed)
13．The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary and she hoped to have a talk with her employees before he came to work.(employ)
14．Making a good impression on the important interviewers is of vital importance.(important)
15．To my relief，what the teacher does relieves our stress in the study.(relief)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．一天，他去那里买了一张CD，就像他每天做的那样。(as)
One day，he went there buying a CD as he did every day.
17．为完成这三项历史性的任务，我们中国人要坚定地继续奋斗。(with复合结构)
With the three historic tasks to accomplish，we Chinese should keep on working with great determination.
18．他那样面对困难，我们敬佩他。(the way＋定语从句)
We admired him for the way (that/in which) he faced difficulties.
19．许多人都渴望通过上大学来改变他们自己的命运。(long to do)
Many people long to change their own fate by going to college.
20．快点，我们赶上最后一班车的时间不多了。(there be...left...)
Hurry up，there is little time left for us to catch up with the last bus.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading部分
One day，Daisy dreamed 1.a strange dream.She flew on a wonderful carpet 2.to talk(talk) with an antelope in Tibet（西藏）.The antelope told her they 3.were hunted(hunt) because of their fur which can be used to make 4.sweaters(sweater) for people like her.In three years they may all be 5.gone(go)．Later，she flew to Zimbabwe 6.where she talked with an elephant and got to know the farmers there no 7.longer(long) hunted them.That’s because the government decided to help and the farmers 8.finally(final) made a lot of money from the tourism.At last she 9.arrived(arrive) at the thick rainforest（茂密的雨林） where a monkey told her “No rainforest，no animals，no drugs”.10.Although finally everything was gone，she had learned so much!
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
（百万）trillion万亿 billion十亿 one hundred thousand十万
Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.The 1.most famous of these animals are dinosaurs.They lived on the earth tens of 2.millions of（数千万） years ago，long before humans 3.came into being.Their future seemed secure at that time.There were many different kinds of dinosaur.4.A number of them used to live in China.Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.5.According to a UN report，some 844 animals and plants 6.have disappeared in the last 500 years.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
contain vt.包含；容纳；控制；抑制
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Faced with the dinosaur bones，he was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he)．
(2)Data about the moon’s composition，such as how much ice and other treasures it contains
(contain)，could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
(2020·全国Ⅰ)
(3)The class experiment that day was to show how heating a container(contain) of water would bring air bubbling(冒泡) to the surface.(2020·江苏)
contain oneself克制自己；自制 container n.容器
易混辨析 contain，include
contain通常用来指某容器中盛有某物、装有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某种成分或含有其他物质，指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内。
include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.。
再提能力——完美写作·对比填空/完成句子·背诵
(4)The container contains many kinds of fruits，including a pineapple/a pineapple included.
(contain/include)
(5)饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着幸运钱币的红包，并互相说一些幸运的话语。(应用文之文化传统)
After the meal，a lucky charm and a red pocket which contains lucky money will be given to everyone and some lucky words are said to each other.
affect vt.影响；感动； 疾病 侵袭；使感染
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)But like anyone for whom you feel affection(affect)，customers can also drive you mad.
(2020·全国Ⅲ)
(2)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected(affect)．
(3)Think of the movies，books，teachers，and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.
be affected by受……的影响；被……感动=be moved by=be influenced by be affected with感染……疾病 effect n．作用；影响 have an effect/influence on对……产生影响 affection n．喜爱
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级/一句多译·背诵
(4)(普通表达)The audience was deeply affected by the film，and they couldn’t hold back tears.
(高级表达)Deeply affected by the film，the audience couldn’t hold back tears.(用分词短语作状语改写)
(5)听众被深深地打动了，掌声经久不息。(affect)
①The audience was deeply affected，and they warmly applauded for a long time.
②Deeply affected，the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(分词短语作状语)
③The audience，who was deeply affected，warmly applauded for a long time.(定语从句)
appreciate vt.欣赏，赏识；感激，感谢；理解；意识到
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I would appreciate it if you could pay more attention to this endangered species.
(2)I appreciate being given(give) the opportunity to work for the protection of the wildlife two years ago.
appreciate doing...欣赏/感激做…… I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。 appreciation n．欣赏；感激；理解
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我曾帮助她成功地举办了几次班级英语活动，这得到了老师和同学们的赞赏。
Successfully，I have lent a helping hand=give a hand to=help/aid/assist=do sb a favor to her in several English activities of my class，which has been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.
(4)如果你能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激，我的确希望你们的报纸能对环境保护起到作用。
I’d appreciate it if you could take my tips into account/consideration and I do hope that your paper will make a difference to environmental protection.
a piece of paper纸巾
paper 论文=thesis
用法点拨 appreciate后不接不定式；其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，enjoy，hate，love，take，have等。
succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication，you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture(工作文化).(2020·全国Ⅱ)
(2)He will succeed his father as manager of the reserve.That is，he will take charge of the reserve.
succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事 succeed sb.as接替某人成为…… succeed to继承；继任 successful adj.成功的 be successful in doing sth.成功地做某事=manage to do=do sth in success success n．[U]成功；成就；[C]成功的人或事 successfully adv.成功地
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)这句名言告诉我们，如果我们想取得成功，不仅要仔细计划，还要贯彻实施。
The saying tells us that if we want to succeed in doing something，we should not only plan carefully but also act it out thoroughly.
employ vt.雇用；利用 时间；精力等
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In another，employees(employ)were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants(室内植物).(2020·全国Ⅰ)
(2)They employ an Android to watch(watch) over the gate which can send out signals when an incident arises.
(3)John has been out of employment(employ) for three years and these days he is hunting for寻求=in search of=look for=search for a job to support his family.
employ sb.to do...雇用某人做…… employ...as...雇用……当…… employ oneself in doing sth.从事于……，忙于…… be employed in doing sth.从事于……，忙于……=be occupied/busy in/with=be engaged in=be buried in employment n．雇用；职业；就业 out of employment/work失业 employer n．雇主，老板 employee n．雇工，雇员
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)她忙着给花浇水，因此没有注意到发生的一切。
①She was employed/employed herself in watering the flowers，so she did not notice what was happening.(employ)
②Employed in watering the flowers，she did not notice what was happening.(过去分词短语作状语)
③Employing herself in watering the flowers，she did not notice what was happening.(现在分词短语作状语)
protect...from保护……不受…… 危害
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the dust.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
(2)We set up a wildlife reserve to protect the endangered species from being hunted(hunt)．
keep sb doing让某人一直做某事
protect...against保护……以免…… keep...from doing stop... from doing 阻止……做…… prevent... from doing)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)为了保护中国长江江豚(the finless porpoise)免于灭绝，我们真诚希望你们能采取一些措施。
In order to protect the finless porpoises from extinction，we sincerely hope you can take some measures.
必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。
We should take effective measures...
英语喜欢用被动，汉语喜欢用主动
①Effective measures must be taken to protect the environment from/against pollution.(protect)
②Effective measures must be taken to prevent/keep/stop the environment from being polluted.
(prevent/keep/stop)
用法点拨 表示“阻止……以免……”时，以上短语在被动语态中from均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略。
pay attention to注意；留意
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)All students in Senior 3 took part in it and the purpose of this race was to inspire us students to pay more attention to physical exercise.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文之体育报道)
(2)In order to protect the balance of nature，the professor suggested that we (should) pay attention to improving(improve) people’s environmental awareness.
draw/attract/catch one’s attention引起某人的注意 turn one’s attention to...把注意力转移到…… fix/focus/concentrate one’s attention on...把注意力集中在……
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/单句写作·背诵
(3)我们要积极参加各种体育运动并注重心理健康，它与身体健康同等重要。
We need to be active in all kinds of sports and pay attention to mental health，which is as important as physical health.
(4)他站在那里，专注地看着墙上的通知。
He stood there，his attention fixed/focused/concentrated on the notice on the wall.
the way作先行词的定语从句 (关系代词in which/that/省略)
They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.他们是根据 恐龙 骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)An easy way to bring(bring) all work generations together is with a chat platform.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
(2)According to the wildlife protection expert，the way that/which came up at the meeting was unpractical.
way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。 way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that或which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。 way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。
I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way (that/in which) he speaks English.
(4)你应该记住经常与同班同学交换意见是提高学习的有效方法。
You should keep in mind that exchanging ideas with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve/of improving your study.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．If they run out of certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.(2019·北京)adj.某些
2．I am employed in my lessons now for the College Entrance Examination，which is very important to me.adj.忙于
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Judging by the response of the audience，the performance was quite a success.
2．I would appreciate it if you could help me watch over the artificial production across the street.
3．The specialist employed himself in studying(study) the cause of cancer，which moved everyone.
4．He was a tall man with a smiling face，and he had a great way that/which made his classes lively and interesting.
5．More attention should be paid to improving(improve) the safety of school buses，which has become a big concern of the whole society.
6．With the help of the volunteers，the old designer did all he could to protect the old temple from being damaged(damage)．
7．I feel much affection for my mum，whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
8．Whether the secretary will be fired or not is at the mercy of her boss.
9．After all，fruit juices can be harmful(harm)to children’s teeth，so don’t drink too much.
10.When he opened the schoolbag，he found that it contained(contain) two books，a pen and an eraser.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．诚实地说，我们钦佩他解决那个问题的方法。(the way)
To be honest，we admired the way (in which/that) he solved the problem.
2．我们最好让这些东西原地不动，直到警察到来。(leave；as)
We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
3．许多运动员参加奥运会为的是能为祖国赢得荣誉。(so that)
Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland.
4．听到这个笑话，全班同学突然大笑起来。(burst)
The whole class burst into laughter when they heard the joke.
5．越来越多的动物被猎杀，其中一些正在灭绝。(die out)
More and more animals have been hunted，some of which are dying out.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：现在进行时的被动语态)
According to solid data，many species of animals and insects are in danger of 1.dying out，such as antelopes.These endangered animals are being hunted without 2.mercy for their fur or meat.Habitats in the wild are being destroyed.Accordingly，many animals’ disappearance greatly affects and does unexpected harm to human beings.To our relief，our powerful government has paid attention to the present terrible situation and 3.appreciated the 4.importance of wildlife protection.The government has employed many workers and succeeded in setting up many natural reserves so that wild animals can live in peace in these special zones.Not only can the animals live a secure life but they also can be 5.protected from extinction.When inspecting the reserves，the government leaders are in relief.
练基础——仿照上面加波浪线的句子进行句型转换
According to the study，the government are decreasing the housing prices to the level we can afford.
→According to the study，the housing prices are being decreased to the level we can afford.
技巧一点通 现在进行时的被动语态的基本构成为：am/is/are＋being＋过去分词，表示现在正在被进行的动作。
提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
随着智能手机的出现，其价格在不断下降。各种各样的技术正在被引进，几乎人人都能买到一部。然而，孩子们不应该沉湎于玩手机游戏。
With the smartphones coming into being，the prices of them are being decreased.A variety of technologies are being brought in and nearly everyone is able to buy one.However，the children should not be addicted to playing games on the phone.-I am a student. -So am I.我也是。 -So I am.的确如此。
-I like swimming. -So do I.我也是。 -So I do.的确如此。
-I don’t like swimming. -Nor/Neither do I.我也不。
教材词汇要记牢(1－8册已学词汇)
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
laptop n．手提电脑
PC=personal computer个人电脑
analytical adj.分析的
analyse(v.)分析 analysis(n.)分析 (pl.)analyses
3．sum n．总数；算术题；金额=in total
4．artificial adj.人造的；假的
AI=Artificial Intelligence
designer n．设计师
design(v.)设计
6．chip n．碎片；芯片
7．network n．网络；网状物
8．web n．网
website(n.)网站
9．Mars n．火星
10．supporting adj.支持的；支撑的
support(v.)支持
supporter(n.)支持者
programmer n．程序员；程序师
program(n.)程序
teammate n．同伴；伙伴
classmate roommate deskmate
13．mop n．拖把 vt.用拖把拖；擦
14．naughty adj.顽皮的；淘气的=mischievous
15．niece n．侄女；甥女
16．spoil vt.损坏；宠坏
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
revolution n．革命
revolutionary(adj.)革命性的
辛亥革命 the Revolution of 1911
2．tube n．管；管子；电子管
3．mobile adj.可移动的；机动的
mobile phone=cell phone
4．rocket n．火箭
5．explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究
exploration(n.)探索 explorer(n.)探索家
anyhow adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
somehow 不知怎么地，以某种方式
7．goal n．目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分=aim=objective=target
8．happiness n．幸福；快乐
happy(adj.)快乐的
We hold the truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their with creator certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness. (the Declaration of Independence)
download vt.下载
upload (vt.)上传
10．virus n．病毒
11．signal vi.& vt.发信号 n．信号
sign(n.)标志 (v.)签名
type n．类型 vt.& vi.打字
typewriter(n.)打字机
typist(n.)打字员
13．coach n．教练
14．arise vi.(arose，arisen)出现；发生
15．electronic adj.电子的
16．character n．性格；特点
characteristic(n.)特征=feature=property (adj.)特有的=special=peculiar
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1.universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的→universe n．宇宙→universally adv.普遍地；一致地
2．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简直；只；不过
3．operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员→operate v．操作；做手术→operation n．操作；手术
4．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
illogical(adj.)不合逻辑的
5．technology n．工艺；科技；技术→technological adj.科技的
6．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能→intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的
7．solve vt.解决；解答→solution n．解决办法 the solution to
8．reality n．真实；事实；现实→real adj.真实的 really(adv.)真正地
9．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言；亲自→personality n．个性；人格
10．total adj.总的；整个的 n．总数；合计→totally adv.完全地；整个地
11．application n．应用；用途；申请；申请书→apply v．运用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
12．finance n．金融；财经→financial adj.金融的；财经的→financially adv.经济上；财政上；金融上
13．appearance n．外观；外貌；出现→appear v．出现；到场 disappear(v.)消失
14．calculate vt.计算→calculator n．计算器
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．have something/nothing in common有……共同之处
2．from now/then on从现在/那时起
3．as a result结果
4．by oneself独立地=on one’s own=independently
5．in a way在某种程度上=in some degree=in some sense=to a certain degree=under certain circumstances
6．make up编制，编造；组成；和好
7．after all毕竟；终究
8．with the help/aid/assistance of 在……的帮助下
9．deal with处理；安排；对付
10．watch over看守；监视
增加词汇来助力(9－10册未学词汇)
1．reference/'ref r ns/n.参考
2．precise/prI'saIs/adj.精确的，准确的 concise(adj.)简明的
3．simplify/'sImplIfaI/vt.单一化，简单化
4．portable/'p t bl/adj.轻便的；手提的；便携的 portability(n.)可携带性，便携
5．shortcoming/' t k mI /n.缺点；短处
=weakness=drawback=flaw=disadvantage=setback=deficiency=venerability
6．update/ p'deIt/vt.更新
7．tendency/'tend nsI/n.趋向，倾向 tend(v.)趋于 tend to易于做某事，趋于做某事
8．reliable/rI'laI bl/adj.可靠的，可信赖的 rely(v.)依赖 reliability(n.)可靠性
9．swoop/swu p/vi.突降；猛扑
10．parcel/'pɑ sl/n.小包；包裹
经典句式需悟通
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room，and I wondered if I would grow any larger.
到20世纪40年代，我已经和一间房子一样大，我想知道我是否还会变得更大。
3．As time went（goes） by=With time going by，I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被造得小点了。
4．And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！
5．By the time I was sixteen，my dream had come true.
到我16岁的时候，我的梦想成真了。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．sum n．总数；算术题；金额
2．artificial adj.人造的；假的
3．chip n．碎片；芯片
4．network n．网络；网状物
5．mop n．拖把 vt.用拖把拖；擦
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共14分)
6．revolution n．革命
7．explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究
8．anyhow/anyway adv.无论如何；即使如此
9．download vt.下载
10．signal vi.& vt.发信号 n．信号
11．type n．类型 vt.& vi.打字
12．arise vi.出现；发生
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
13.universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的→universe n．宇宙→universally adv.普遍地；一致地
14．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简直；只；不过
15．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
16．technology n．工艺；科技；技术→technological adj.科技的
17．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能→intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的
18．solve vt.解决；解答→solution n．解决办法
19．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言；亲自→personality n．个性；人格
20．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．运用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
21．reference n．参考
22．precise adj.精确的，准确的
23．portable adj.轻便的；手提的；便携的
24．swoop vi.突降；猛扑
25．parcel n．小包；包裹
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共20分)
26．have...in common有……共同之处
27．from...on从……时起
28．as a result结果
29．by oneself独立地
30．in a way在某种程度上
31．make up编制，编造；组成；和好
32．after all毕竟；终究
33．with the help of 在……的帮助下
34．deal with处理；安排；对付
35．watch over看守；监视
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．The policeman scolded the driver for turning without a signal.
2．I think happiness(幸福) depends on our attitude towards life.
3．It is well known that overpopulation is a universal(普遍的) problem.
4．Her childhood dream became a reality when she broke the world record.
5．The software downloaded(下载) on the Internet must be installed properly.
6．I haven’t calculated(计算；估算) the cost that we will spend in travelling.
7．When the computer is stopped in this way，it can only be restarted by the operator(操作员)．
8．Seeing their favourite star come in，the devoted fans arose(起身) from their seats immediately.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．It appears that we can’t draw information about a person based on his appearance.(appear)
10．The doctor operated on his shoulder and he is recovering from the operation.(operate)
11．After the applicant finished the application form，he left hurriedly.(apply)
12．Personally speaking，we need someone with lots of personality to head the project.(person)
13．Actually，it has been universally(universe) acknowledged that taking part in regular exercise is beneficial to our health.
14．He played an important role in the big company and was financially(financial) secure.
15．She took a complex topic and simplified(simple) it in a way that we could all understand.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．几天以后我就要搬走了，我想知道你能否帮一下忙。(wonder)
I’m moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
17．久而久之，随着人口的增长，人们开始将食物切成小块，这样会熟得更快。(as)
Over time，as the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
18．这次期末考试太重要了，我不能拒绝参加。 (so...that)
The final exam is so important that I can’t refuse to take it.
19．到20世纪90年代，计算机已经在全世界流行起来。(by)
By the 1990s，the computer had become popular in the world.
20．在志愿者的帮助下，仅花了半个月的时间这个问题就彻底解决了。(before)
With the help of the volunteers, it took only half a month before the problem was completely solved.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading部分
1．The history of the computer began in France in 1642.It was first built only as a 2.calculating(calculate) machine，and later as an analytical machine that could “think” 3.logically(logical) and produce an answer quicker 4.than any person.Later，the “universal machine” was built to solve mathematical problems，5.which made the computer huge！As time 6.went(go) by，the computer was made smaller，quicker and 7.cleverer/more clever(clever)．Till now，computers have been connected by network and 8.brought(bring) into common people’s homes to deal with information and help with 9.communication(communicate) between people around the world.Since 10.its(it) birth，the computer has always been designed to serve the human race.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
I’m part of an android football team.On the football team I’m a striker so I have to be able 1.to run very fast.My computer chips help me to move and think like a human.My first football competition was in Japan several years ago.In 2.a way our programmer is like our coach.She programs us with all the possible 3.moves she has seen while 4.watching human games.I would really like to play against a human team，for I have been programmed to act just like them.After all,5.with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything，using my 6.intelligence is what I’m all about!
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
signal n．信号；暗号；信号灯
v．发信号；示意；表明；标志
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)My niece seems to be signalling to us with her arm when I look up.
(2)“It’s not going to fix everything，but adaptive signals(signal) have some benefits for smaller cities，” he says.(2020·浙江)
signal sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事=motion for sb to do sth=give sb the tip to do sth signal sb.that...示意(某人)…… send out a signal发出信号 a traffic signal交通信号
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/句式升级·背诵
(3)士兵一发现敌人的军队就发出了信号。
The soldier sent out a signal the moment he found a troop of(一队) enemies.
(4)(普通表达)A striker stood up and signalled that he was strongly opposed to the plan.
①(高级表达)A striker stood up，signalling that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(用分词短语作状语改写)
②(高级表达)A striker stood up，which signalled that he was strongly opposed to the plan.(用非限制性定语从句改写)
arise vi.出现；产生，发生；起身；起床
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中arise的汉语意思
(1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately.起身
(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future.出现
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.起床
(4)Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the technology revolution？产生
arise from＝arise out of由……引起/产生；从……中产生=come out of=result from=be caused by=spring from=ensue from arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(5)休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。
①At break，our headteacher got down to/start to/settle down to (doing)/begin to (do)/set about (doing)/set out (to do) dealing with the matters arising from his class.(分词短语作定语)
②At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters which/that arose from his class.(定语从句)
用法点拨 arise为不及物动词，表示“出现；发生”时，主语一般为argument，difficulty，misunderstanding，problem，quarrel，trouble等抽象名词，无被动语态。
You can’t be too careful while driving.Accidents often arise from carelessness.
开车时你再小心也不为过。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
as a result结果
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Positive thinking and action result in success.(2019·北京)
(2)Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
(3)As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner’s knee，are uncommon among race walkers.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
as a consequence结果=Consequently as a result/consequence of由于；作为……的结果 result from由……引起+原因 result in导致；造成+结果
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(4)In reality，as a result of his not working hard enough，the operator failed.
①In reality，the operator’s not working hard enough resulted in his failure.
②In reality，the operator’s failure resulted from his not working hard enough.
(5)郑和在海上航行了28年，到过30多个国家。因此，中国经济发展得更快，中国被世界上更多的人所知。
Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries.As a result，China’s economy developed faster and China was known by more people in the world.
用法点拨 表示“造成；导致”的常见短语还有：
bring about，contribute to，lead to，give rise to，be responsible for等。
in a way从某种意义上讲；从某方面来说；在某种程度上
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Though she thought she was helping her mother，she was only in the way.
(2)He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.(2020·浙江)
(3)In a way，the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.
all the way一路上；完全地；自始至终，一直 by way of经由；途经 on the/one’s way to... 在 去……的 路上；在 去…… 的途中 in the way挡路；碍事 in no way决不，一点也不 置于句首时，句子用部分倒装 =Under no circumstance=by no means=at no times=on no account=in no shape=in no sense=in no case in this way用这种方法
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
面对困难时，你决不应该失去信心。
When you are faced with difficulties, you should lose heart in no way.
(否定词/否定短语放在句首：部分倒装)In no way should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.
只有用这种方式他们才能长大独立、真正成功。
(Only+状语：部分倒装)Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.
deal with处理；对付；与……打交道；安排；涉及；和 某人 做生意；解决
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中deal with的汉语意思
(1)The coach is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.与……打交道
(2)Personally，her poems often deal with the subject of finance and reform.涉及；关于
(3)Ordinary soap，used correctly，can deal with bacteria（细菌：复数）bacterium（细菌：单数） effectively.(2018·北京)处理
(4)Most travel agents（代理人） do not deal directly with these companies.和……做生意
deal in做……生意；经营；买卖 do with处理；对待=deal with=address make a deal达成协议；做成交易 It’s a deal.成交；一言为定。 a great/good deal of许多；大量(后接不可数名词)
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)我不知道如何与那个买卖二手车的人打交道。你能告诉我如何处理我的那辆旧车吗？
I don’t know how to deal with the man dealing in second cars.Can you tell me what to do with my old car
(6)对于组织班级活动我们或许有不同的观点。我们也许有不同的方法来解决这一情况。
We may have different opinions in organizing class activities.We may have various ways to deal with/do with such a situation.
用法点拨 在表示“处理，对待”时，do with 和deal with在陈述句中可以互换。但在特殊疑问句中，do with与what连用，而deal with与how连用。(what to do with/how to deal with)
as引导状语从句
As time went by，I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被造得小点了。
as的用法：（by北京师范大学屠老师）
as+单词：作为 as a student作为一个学生
v.+sb+as:把.....视为，把......看作：view sb as; regard sb as; accept sb as 被动：sb be+过去分词+as
as...as：与......一样 You are as tall as Tom.
as much as 放在句首：
as much as +句子：虽然
As much as many scientists complain about the phenomenon, many people still believe it.
as much as+单词：除了.......=besides
As much as problems that Europe is faced with, other problems still remain.
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)For in person humor，quality isn’t as important as you might think.Your attitude and effort count a lot.(2020·江苏)
(2)The best books are the ones that open further as time passes(pass)．(2020·全国Ⅰ)
as+句子：状语从句
as+时间：当，随着
As winter comes, isn’t spring far away 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
固定搭配：就像，正如 As we all know/ As is known to us all As is expected/As we expect
倒装：虽然
Although I am a child, I can handle some problems.
Child as I am, ...
因为
As it rains heavily, our meeting has to be put off.
Which food would you like best
I like ice-cream. ,because Because it is delicious.
as作连词，有以下用法： “当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。 “按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。 “因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。 “尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(3)As time went on/by，the coach contented himself with a simple life.
→With time going on/by，the coach contented himself with a simple life.
(4)他不用像他父亲那样不停地搬家了。
He did not need to keep moving house，as his father had.
(5)他虽是个孩子，却知道如何帮助困境中的其他人。
Child as he is，he knows how to help others in need.
用法点拨 (1)当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。
(2)with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
so...that...
And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)For one thing，the overall(全面的) development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with（使某人熟悉） what is going on in China.(2020·江苏)
so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。 so...that...句型的常见形式： so＋adj./adv.＋that... so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that... so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.＋that... such...that...句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.＋that... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that... 当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/句式升级·背诵
(2)正如图画上所看到的一样，一个男孩肩负着那么沉重的作业以至于看上去他似乎再也无法忍受了。(写作之图画描写)
As can be seen from the picture，a boy is burdened with such heavy homework that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
(3)(普通表达)It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.
①(高级表达)It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.(用such...that...改写)
②(高级表达)So cold a day was it that there was nobody in the street.(用倒装句改写)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．The programme beginning in August will operate in South Africa.(2019·北京)v．实施
2．By opening a novel，I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character.(2019·天津)n．人物
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．In this way，they can form a true picture of China themselves.(2020·江苏)
2．The police signalled to the driver to stop(stop) his car by raising his hand.
3．It was such a difficult question that some volunteers joined one after another.
4．I think it’s very unkind of you to make up stories about him.
5．To our great surprise，many problems have arisen(arise) ever since the host was replaced.
6．It is generally believed that the competitor’s illness resulted from the overfull tiredness（过度疲劳）.
7．China will further enhance education and training in order to better deal with climate change.
8．As technology develops(develop)，we can have access to the information swiftly.
9．Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess（收拾残局），as her children are always in the way whenever she tries to.
10．A great deal of money has been spent(spend) on food so far，which makes me hopeless.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．说实话，我对如何解决这个问题感到困惑。(solve)
To be honest，I’m at a loss=feel comfused how to solve the problem.
2．会议结束了，他示意该走了。(signal)
The meeting was over；he signalled that it was time to leave.
3．随着社会的快速发展，我们发现和老同学聚会太难了。
(1)As the society develops rapidly，we find it hard to get together with our old classmates.(as)
(2)With the society developing rapidly，we find it hard to get together with our old classmates.(with)
4．由于越来越多的汽车，空气质量变得越来越糟。
(1)There are more and more cars.As a result，air quality is getting worse and worse.(result n．)
(2)As a result of more and more cars，air quality is getting worse and worse.(result n．)
(3)More and more cars result in air quality’s getting worse and worse.(result v．)
(4)That air quality is getting worse and worse results from more and more cars.(result v．)
5．事实上，他每天都进行体育锻炼。(reality)
In reality，he takes physical exercise on a daily basis=every day.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：现在完成时的被动语态)
With the development of science and 1.technology，many universal electronic products have been created，such as laptops，PCs，mobile phones and PDAs.The goal of technological revolution and artificial intelligence is to totally 2.simplify our personal life and bring more happiness to human race.With the help of advanced applications，intelligent programmers，operators and designers can solve or calculate mathematical or analytical problems in a more logical and swift way.Meanwhile，AI has been applied to rockets and as a result,3.exploring Mars can become a reality.Just as an old saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.” When we download or type something on the websites，viruses may arise and will in a way 4.spoil the computer software and hardware.5.Personally，AI is so amazing that I can’t support it too much.
练基础——单句语法填空
1．A great number of trees have been planted(plant) in the past few years in the city.
2．Bob wants to buy that kind of ball pen because he has been told(tell) that it writes smoothly.
技巧一点通 现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成：have/has been done。表示到目前为止已被完成的动作或对现在产生影响的动作。时态标志词有：so far，recently，already，in the past＋一段时间，lately等。
提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我的朋友最近买了台新电脑，但是一个未知名的病毒攻击了这台电脑。到目前为止，还没有解决这个问题。
A new personal computer has been bought by my friend but it has been attacked by an unknown virus.So far，the problem has not been solved.教材词汇要记牢(1－8册已学词汇)
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
seasonal adj.季节的；季节性的
season(n.)季节
2．ancestor n．祖先；祖宗=forefather
3．grave n．坟墓；墓地(adj.)庄严的，严肃的
4．Mexico n．墨西哥(拉丁美洲国家) Mexican(n.)墨西哥人
5．feast n．节日；盛宴
6．skull n．头脑；头骨
7．bone n．骨；骨头
8．rooster n．雄禽；公鸡 hen(n.)母鸡 chick(n.)小鸡 chicken(n.)鸡肉
9．carnival n．狂欢节；饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)
10．lunar adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的
11．Easter n．(耶稣)复活节
12．parade n．游行；阅兵；检阅
13．Christian n．基督徒；信徒 adj.基督教的；信基督教的 Christ(n.)基督
14．cherry n．樱桃；樱桃树
15．blossom n．花 vi.开花
16．necessity n．必要性；需要 necessary(adj.)必需的(n.)必需品
17．prediction n．预言；预报；预告 predict(v.)预测 predictive(adj.)预测的
18．fashion n．样子；方式；时尚 fashionable(adj.)时尚的
19．weave vt.& vi.(wove，woven)编织；(使)迂回前进
20．herd n．牧群；兽群 区分：herb(n.)草本植物
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．harvest n. & vt.& vi.收获；收割
2．hunter n．狩猎者；猎人 hunt(v.)捕猎
3．trick n．诡计；恶作剧；窍门 vt.欺骗；诈骗
4．gain vt.获得；得到
5．gather vt.& vi.搜集；集合；聚集 gathering(n.)聚集，聚会
6．award n．奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定 award sb for sth=reward sb for sth
7．clothing n．衣服 clothes(n.)衣服 cloth(n.)布料
8．custom n．习惯；风俗，关税 customer(n.)顾客 区分：costume(n.)服装
9．worldwide adj.遍及全世界的；世界性的
10．parking n．(汽车等)停放 park(n.)公园 (v.)停车 parking lot停车场
11．drown vt.& vi.淹没；溺死；淹死
12．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的=apparent
13．wipe vt.擦；揩；擦去-wiped-wiped
14．weep vi.(wept，wept)哭泣；流泪 n．哭；哭泣
15．remind vt.提醒；使想起 remind sb of sth使某人想起某事
16．forgive vt.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；饶恕
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．beauty n．美；美人→beautiful adj.美丽的→beautify vt.美化
2．celebration n．庆祝；祝贺→celebrate v．庆祝；祝贺=observe
3．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饥饿；饿死
4．origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原来的；最早的；原作的
5．religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的→religion n．宗教；宗教信仰
6．belief n．信任；信心；信仰→believe vt.相信 beliefs(pl.)
7．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗
8．arrival n．到来；到达；到达者→arrive vi.到达
9．independence n．独立；自主→independent adj.独立的；自主的 independently
10．agriculture n．农业；农艺；农学→agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的
11.admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．赞赏；钦佩；羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的
12．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy n．能量；精力
energetically(adv.)精力充沛地
13．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.允许 n．通行证；许可证；执照 permitted
14．apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉；歉意
15．sadness n．悲哀；悲伤→sad adj.悲伤的→sadly adv.伤心地；悲伤地
16．announcer n．广播员；告知者；报幕员→announce vt.宣布；播报 announcement(n.)宣布，宣传
17．fool n．愚人；白痴；受骗者 vt.愚弄；欺骗 vi.干傻事；开玩笑→foolish adj.傻的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．take place发生=occur=happen
2．in memory of纪念；追念
3．dress up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰
4．play a trick on搞恶作剧；开玩笑；诈骗 取笑tease
5．look forward to期望；期待；盼望
6．day and night日夜；昼夜；整天
7．as though好像=as if
8．have fun with玩得开心=enjoy oneself=have a good time
9．turn up出现；到场
10．keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言
eat one’s word承认自己说错话（≠食言）
11．hold/catch one’s breath屏息；屏气
12．set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起
13．remind...of...使……想起……
增加词汇来助力 (9－10册未学词汇)
1．associate/ 's IeIt/vt.使发生关系；使联合；结交
associate with与……联系 association(n.)协会，联系
2．barrier/'b rI /n.障碍物；栅栏；屏障
3．brochure/br ' /n.(作介绍或宣传用的)小册子
4．Oceania/ I'eInI /n.大洋洲 Ocenian(adj.)大洋洲的
the Atlantic Ocean大西洋
the Arctic Ocean北冰洋
the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
the Indian Ocean印度洋
5．adequate/' dIkwIt/adj.适当的；足够的 adequately adequacy(n.)适当
6．ecology/I'k l d I/n.生态学 ecological(adj.)生态的
7．autonomous/ 't n m s/adj.自治的 autonomy(n.)自治 自治州 autonomous prefecture
8．federal/'fed r l/adj.联邦的；联合的；联邦制的
9．policy/'p lIsI/n.政策；方针 politics(n.)政治
10．tax/t ks/n.税；税款
taxation/t k'seI n/n.征税；税款
经典句式需悟通
1．At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months.
在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。
2．Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm.
有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
3．The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
(节日里)整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。
4．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave...
很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……
5．While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．grave n．坟墓；墓地
2．ancestor n．祖先；祖宗
3．carnival n．狂欢节；饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)
4．parade n．游行；阅兵；检阅
5．fashion n．样子；方式；时尚
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共14分)
6．harvest n. & vt.& vi.收获；收割
7．award n．奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定
8．drown vt.& vi.淹没；溺死；淹死
9．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的
10．weep vi.(wept，wept) 哭泣；流泪 n．哭；哭泣
11．remind vt.提醒；使想起
12．forgive vt.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；饶恕
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
13．celebration n．庆祝；祝贺→celebrate v．庆祝；祝贺
14．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饥饿；饿死
15．origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原来的；最早的；原作的
16．arrival n．到来；到达；到达者→arrive vi.到达
17．independence n．独立；自主→independent adj.独立的；自主的
18．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy n．能量；精力
19．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.允许 n．通行证；许可证；执照
20．apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉；歉意
Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
21．associate vt.使发生关系；使联合；结交
22．brochure n．(作介绍或宣传用的)小册子
23．adequate adj.适当的；足够的
24．ecology n．生态学
25．policy n．政策；方针
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共20分)
26．take place发生
27．in memory of纪念；追念
28．dress up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰
29．play a trick on搞恶作剧；开玩笑；诈骗
30．look forward to期望；期待；盼望
31．turn up出现；到场
32．keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言
33．have fun with玩得开心
34．set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起
35．remind...of...使……想起……
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．The poet gained(获得) friendship and experience from the local residents，working with them day and night for three years.
2．He was awarded the first prize in the speech competition，which made his parents very proud.
3．My father has much belief(信任) in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
4．It reminded me of the mistakes I had made when I was in Rome.
5．Everyone mustn’t take any photographs in the old temple without permission.
6．It was obvious(显而易见的) that the scene of the accident had been destroyed when the police arrived.
7．As we all know，it is difficult to get used to another country’s customs(风俗)．
8．The people gathered(聚集) round，curious to know what was taking place.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．I apologized to him for my behavior but he didn’t accept my apology.(apologize)
10．When he arrived in Beijing，he prepared for the arrival of the president.(arrive)
11．You are not permitted to take the book out before you get permission.(permit)
12．After three days without food，the men were close to starvation.If we had come later，they would have starved to death.(starve)
13．Do you wake up every morning feeling energetic(energy) and ready to start a new day
14．They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration.(celebrate)
15．Since the country gained its independence，it has been independent of any powerful country.(independence)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。(be＋adj.＋to do)
As far as I’m concerned，this maths problem is very difficult to work out.
17．每个人都清楚那孩子受过虐待。(obvious)
It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
18．趁着我们还年轻，我们必须刻苦学习来获取更多的知识。(while)
We must work hard to gain more knowledge while we are young.
19．课外活动时，我通常要么去“英语角”，要么去体育馆。(either...or...)
I often go to either the English Corner or the gym as my after-class activities.
20．我只记得整个地板似乎都在摇晃，我好像漂浮在河上。(as if/though引导方式状语从句)
I only remember that the whole floor seemed to be rocking and I felt as if/though I were floating on a river.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading部分
There 1.are(be) all kinds of festivals throughout the world，including festivals to satisfy and please the ancestors，to honour some famous people or important 2.events(event)，and to express people’s gratitude to the God for bringing 3.them a year of plenty.For example，Japanese observe（庆祝=celebrate） Obon,4.when people go to clean graves（扫墓） and light incense（点香） in memory of their ancestors.In India，October 2 is a national festival 5.to honour(honour) Mohandas Gandhi,6.who helped India become an 7.independent(independence) country.And in China the Spring Festival，which 8.is celebrated(celebrate) in January or February，is the most energetic and important festival because it is a festival that looks forward to the 9.coming(come) of spring.During the festivals，people can get together to eat，drink and have fun with each other,10.forgetting(forget) all the daily struggles and demands for a while.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
Zhinü，who was the granddaughter（外孙女） of the Goddess of Heaven，visited the earth 1.secretly.While on earth she 2.fell in love with the herd boy Niulang.After the Goddess of Heaven knew that her granddaughter was 3.married to a human，she became very angry and made the 4.weaving girl 5.return to Heaven.Finding that Zhinü was heart broken，her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross（跨越） the Milky Way（银河） to meet once a year.People in China hope that the weather will be fine on that day，because if it is raining，it means that Zhinü is 6.weeping and the couple won’t be able to meet.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
admire vt.钦佩；赞美；欣赏；羡慕
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)We admire the old poet for his devotion to the country during World War Ⅱ.
(2)Molly is admired(admire) for her charming personality and remarkable ability.
(3)I’d like to express my admiration(admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the hunter.
admire sb.for sth.因某事而羡慕/钦佩某人 admiration n．[U]赞赏；钦佩；仰慕 with/in admiration羡慕地 have/express admiration for sb./sth.羡慕/钦佩某人/物 admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得赞赏的；绝妙的；极好的
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/单句写作·背诵
(4)我很钦佩他在很短的时间内就取得如此大的进步。
I admire the fact that he made such great progress in a short time.
(5)说到中国著名的历史人物，我非常钦佩张骞。(写作之人物描写)
When it comes to famous figures in Chinese history，I admire Zhang Qian very much.
apologize vi.道歉；辩白
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip（小错误=minor mistake）.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
(2)The student had no choice but to（别无选择只好做某事） apologize(apologize) to his teacher for not keeping his word.
(3)Above all，I must make an apology(apologize) to him for not being able to welcome his arrival.
apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.为(做)某事而向某人道歉 apology n．[C，U]道歉；歉意 make an apology to sb.(for...)(为……)向某人道歉 accept/refuse sb.’s apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb.an apology＝owe an apology to sb.应该向某人表示歉意
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(4)The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
→The teacher made a suggestion that she should make an apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.
(5)我应向你道歉，星期五下午不能和你一起去书店了。
I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
(全国Ⅲ，书面表达)
remind vt.提醒；使想起
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The phone boxes are making a comeback to remind people of a historical period.(2020·江苏)
(2)In addition，please remind me to write(write) an email to my mother tomorrow，for it’s her birthday.
(3)Take the note as a reminder(remind) in case you forget to buy some awards for the kids while shopping there.
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb.that...提醒某人…… reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”这句著名的谚语。
What the teacher had said reminded me of the famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
用法点拨 常见的“v.＋sb.＋of sth.”短语还有：
(1)cure sb.of sth.治好某人的病
(2)accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事
(3)rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物
(4)inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
(5)convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事
forgive v.原谅；宽恕；免除
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
(2)Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven(forgive) for thinking they are in a city gallery.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
原谅某人(做)某事 forgive and forget不计前嫌 forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。
As is known to all，it’s a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
用法点拨 表示“原谅某人(做)某事”的短语还有pardon/excuse sb.for (doing) sth.等。
in memory of纪念；追念
先练基础——根据句意用“in＋n.＋of”短语填空
(1)In memory/hono(u)r of the dead in gaining the country’s independence，people set up a monument.
(2)If you are in need of a deadline extension，simply explain the situation to the professor.
(2019·全国Ⅲ)
in defence of保卫 in charge of掌握；主管 in favo u r of支持；赞成 in memory/hono u r of为了纪念 in need of需要 in praise of赞扬 in place of取代 in search of寻找 in support of支持
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级/完成句子·背诵
(3)随着端午节的临近，我们计划举行一场龙舟赛，以纪念古代著名诗人屈原。
(写作之人物描写)
①(普通表达)As the Dragon Boat Festival is coming，we are planning to hold a dragon boat race in memory/honour of the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan.
②(高级表达)With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching，we are planning to hold a dragon boat race in memory/honour of the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan.
look forward to盼望；期待
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I would appreciate it if you could tell me the origin of the feast.I’m looking forward to receiving(receive) your earliest reply.
(2)The day that he had been looking forward to came(come) at last.
(3)The individual in question has returned to Washington and the US government is looking into the matter.
look down on/upon看不起 look into调查；研究；向……里面看 look through浏览；仔细查看；审核 look up向上看；查阅 look up to尊敬，敬仰 look back on回忆，回顾 look at注视；看待
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。(2019·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.Looking forward to your early reply.
用法点拨 在look forward to中，to为介词，其后要接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
turn up被发现，被找到；出现，露面；卷起，竖起；开大 音量等
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中turn up的汉语意思
(1)Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.被找到
(2)I can’t hear the music.Please turn up the radio.开大(音量)
(3)The hunter turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.竖起
turn down拒绝；把……调低 turn out结果是；生产；制造 turn over移交；翻身；深思熟虑 turn to求助；翻到；查阅 turn in上交
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级·背诵
(4)(普通表达)Some famous Chinese artists will appear and perform at the exhibition.
(全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
(高级表达)Some famous Chinese artists will turn up and perform at the exhibition.
I often turn to my classmates or teachers for help.As a result，I have made steady progress in my studies.
我经常向同学或老师求助，因此在学习上不断取得进步。
set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中 set off的汉语意思
(1)Having said goodbye to their friends，they set off for home.出发，动身
(2)Hong Kong’s stock market fell，setting off a global financial crisis.引发
(3)On New Year’s Eve，we set off many fireworks，which made the children excited.使爆炸
set aside留出；把……放在一边；不理会 set about着手/开始做…… set out出发；开始做…… set down写下；记下 set up建立；安排；搭起
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(4)他着手粉刷整间房子，但仅仅完成了前面的部分。
①He set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front.(set out)
②He set about painting the whole house but finished only the front.(set about)
用法点拨 set about表示“开始做……”，后接名词或动名词；set out表示“开始做……”，后接动词不定式。
We will set off for the nursing home at 800 am on Saturday to accompany the elderly for the Double Ninth Festival.(应用文之活动计划)
我们将于周六上午800出发去敬老院陪老人们过重阳节。
It＋be＋adj.＋that...
It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave...
很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……
先练基础——单句语法填空
It is natural that you (should) feel(feel) homesick when you first leave home.
=What is natural is that you should feel homesick when you first leave home.
=You should feel homesick when you first leave home, which is natural.
It is suggested(suggest) that the English party should be held on Saturday.
=What is suggested is that the English party should be held on Saturday.
=The English party should be held on Saturday, which is suggested.
本句中It作形式主语，其常用结构为： It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important...)＋that从句 It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no wonder...)＋that从句 It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that从句
再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(3)(普通表达)Obviously，you should have enough sleep to improve your work efficiency.
(高级表达)It is obvious that you should have enough sleep to improve your work efficiency.(用主语从句改写)
用法点拨 (1)在句型“It is/was strange/important/necessary/essential...＋that从句”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
(2)it作形式主语引导主语从句时容易和what引导的主语从句、which引导的定语从句混淆，使用时要细心体会三种句式的差别。
while引导时间状语从句
While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.
她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了。
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
(1)While enjoying being close to nature，we began to help pick peaches covering every tree.(2020·全国Ⅱ)当……的时候
(2)She lives on the ground floor，while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.(2020·全国Ⅲ)然而，而
(3)After a while，she apologized for the way she behaved at the beginning.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
一会儿，一段时间
While online shopping has changed our life，（but）not all of its effects have been positive.虽然；尽管
while的用法： while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。（语法填空时候，填when） while意为“然而；可是”，用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比。 （一般放在句中，while前后句式相似） while意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折。=Although（阅读理解出现while引导让步状语从句时候，重点在主句） while用作名词，常与a连用，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。 for a while一会儿
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱不是一个好主意。
While traveling can broaden your mind，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
用法点拨 while意为“虽然，尽管”时，与although，though 用法相同，不与but连用。
While it has been more than a year since you taught us English，I’ve missed you a lot，thinking about those happy moments when we stayed with you.(高考书面表达)
虽然你已经一年多不教我们英语了，但是一想到和你在一起的那些快乐时光，我就很想念你。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．Additionally，I’m crazy to learn how to appreciate western paintings，and it can’t be better if you can tell us some tricks about how to paint.(2019·天津)n．技巧
2．Pahlsson and her husband searched the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing.
发现
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Having hurt me deeply，he begged me to forgive him for playing jokes on me.
2．John is smart，polite and well-behaved. To be honest，he is admirable(admire)．
3．Miss Yang，a famous musician，promised to attend my birthday party，but she hasn’t turned up so far.
4．Respond quickly and briefly，apologizing(apologize)for your mistake.
5．A ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder.
6．After accepting the invitation，we set off for European countries to spend our holiday.
7．The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
8．It is obvious that without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school today.
9．As I saw the old instrument，I always looked back on the scene where we had met.
10．You must remind him to take(take) his medicine in case he forgets.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．我的同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。(admire；inspire)
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I am often inspired by his admiration.
2．没有人喜欢和他交朋友，因为他喜欢捉弄别人。(trick)
No one likes to make friends with him，because he likes playing tricks on others.
3．说实话，我喜欢英语而我弟弟喜欢数学。
To be honest，I like English while my little brother is fond of maths.
4．做完所有的工作后，我们竖起了布告牌提醒人们保护这些树木。(remind)
(1)After getting all the work done，we put up a board reminding people to protect the trees.(分词作定语)
(2)After getting all the work done，we put up a board which/that reminded people to protect the trees.(定语从句)
5．人们普遍认为，沟通技巧正在成为作为一名好医生必备的条件。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)
It is generally believed that communication skills are becoming what it takes to be a good doctor.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：情态动词)
There are many kinds of festivals around the world.Different festivals have different 1.origins and different celebrations.Some of them are held to honour the ancestors for fear that they might do harm，while other festivals are celebrated in memory of famous people.There are also some festivals that 2.look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring，such as Chinese Spring Festival，which is also the most 3.energetic and important festival in China.It can be a good time to express appreciation，make an apology or forgive each other.What interests us most is that all the family members can get together to eat，drink,4.set off fireworks and have fun with each other to welcome the 5.arrival of new year.You mustn’t miss the Spring Festival.
练基础——根据句意填上合适的情态动词
1．Keep in mind：you mustn’t smoke in public places.
2．The expert may attend the meeting，but I am not sure now.
3．Some of us can use the computer now，but we couldn’t ten years ago.
4．Tomorrow we will attend a speech to be held in the hall.
技巧一点通 表示“能力，许可，可能性”时，多用情态动词can could为过去式 。must表示主观上的“必须”，mustn’t 表禁止。may 多表示可能性很小，不确定。will表将来。
情态动词表示推测(用于一些固定短语中)：（情态动词+have done：表示对过去发生的事进行推测）
must have done一定做了…
can/can’t(couldn’t) have done可能/不可能做了.
could have done本可以做,但没做…
should have done本该做，而没做…
shouldn’t have done本不该做，而做了…
needn’t have done本不必做，而做了…
might/may have done可能做了…
提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
在这里，我想告知你一些详细情况，以便你能为它做好充分的准备。首先，比赛将于下午2点在学校体育馆开始，持续大约3个小时。比赛意义重大，要求每个人都准时到场。此外，你要好好休息是必要的，这将为你提供足够的精力。(2019·全国Ⅱ)
Here I’d like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it.First and foremost，the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.So significant is the game that it is required that everyone (should) be present punctually.Furthermore，it is necessary for you to take a good rest，which will provide enough energy for you.教材词汇要记牢(1－8册已学词汇)
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
classical adj.古典的；古典文艺的
classic(n.)古典
roll vt.& vi.滚动；(使)摇摆 n．摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈
rock-and-roll摇滚乐
3．jazz n．爵士音乐
4．fame n．名声；名望=reputation=renown=prestigious
5．passer-by n．过路人；行人 passers-by(pl.)
6．pub n．酒馆；酒吧
7．studio n．工作室；演播室
8．reunite vt.再统一；再联合；重聚 unite(v.)联合 union(n.) united(adj.)联合的
9．ballad n．歌谣；情歌；民谣
10．overnight adv.在晚上；在夜里；(口)一夜之间
11．dip vt.浸；蘸-dipped-dipped
12．tadpole n．蝌蚪
13．lily n．百合；百合花
14．beard n．胡须
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．folk adj.民间的 folk music民间音乐
2．pretend vt.假装；假扮 pretence(n.)假装
3．attach vt.& vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接 attachment(n.)附件
4．form vt.(使)组成；形成；构成
formal(adj.)常规的 informal(adj.) 不常规的 formation(n.)形式
reform改革
5．earn vt.赚；挣得；获得 earn one’s living谋生
6．extra adj.额外的；外加的
7．instrument n．工具；器械；乐器
instrumental(adj.)乐器的 instrumentalist(n.)乐器演奏者
8．cash n．现金 in cash用现金 by credit card用信用卡
9．millionaire n．百万富翁；富豪 millionairess女百万富翁 billionaire亿万富翁
10．actor n．男演员；行动者 act(v.)行动 actress(n.)女演员
11．broadcast n．广播；播放 vi.& vt.(broadcast; broadcast)广播；播放
12．familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的 familiarity(n.)熟悉
13．addition n．加；增加；加法 add(v.)增加 addictive(adj.)附加的
区分：addiction(n.)上瘾 addicted(adj.)上瘾的 attraction(n.)吸引
14．afterwards adv.然后；后来
15．sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的 sense(n.)感觉(v.)感到
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．musician n．音乐家→music n．音乐→musical adj.音乐的；悦耳的
2．perform vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行→performance n．表演；演奏→performer n．表演者
3．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可信赖的 unreliable(adj.)不可靠的
4．humorous adj.幽默的；诙谐的→humor n．幽默
5．attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract vt.吸引；有吸引力→attraction n．吸引；吸引力
6．excitement n．兴奋；刺激→excite vt.使兴奋→excited adj.感到兴奋的→exciting adj.令人兴奋的
7．confident adj.自信的；确信的→confidence n．信心
8．brief adj.简短的；简要的 n．摘要；大纲→briefly adv.简要地；短暂地
9．devotion n．投入；热爱→devote vt.奉献；致力→devoted adj.忠诚的；挚爱的
10．invitation n．邀请；招待→invite vt.邀请
11．painful adj.痛苦的；疼痛的→pain n．痛苦；疼痛 painless(adj.)不痛的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．dream of/about梦见；梦想；设想
2．to be honest说实在地；实话说=to tell you the truth=frankly speaking
3．attach...to认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接
4．in cash用现金；有现钱
5．play jokes on戏弄=play tricks on=confess the truth
6．rely on/upon依赖；依靠=rest on=depend on
7．be/get familiar with熟悉；与……熟悉起来
8．or so大约=approximately perhaps=maybe可能，也许，大概
9．break up打碎；分裂；解体
10．in addition此外；另外；也
11．sort out分类；整理
12．above all最重要；首先
增加词汇来助力(9－10册未学词汇)
1．routine/ru 'ti n/n.常规，日常事务
2．reckon/'rek n/vt.计算；估计=calculate calculation(n.) calculator(n.)计算器
reckoning/'rek nI /n.计算；估计
3．starvation/stɑ 'veI n/n.挨饿，饿死 starve(v.)挨饿 starve to death饿死
4．psychology/saI'k l d I/n.心理学
psychologically/ saIk 'l d IklI/adv.心理学地；心理上地
ecology 生态学 geology地质学
5．tension/'ten n/n.紧张，不安；张力 tense(adj.)紧张的
6．foresee/f 'si /vt.预知，预见-foresaw-foreseen
7．hardship/'hɑ d Ip/n.困苦，艰难 friendship partnership -ship身份，地位，资格 relationship championship membership
8．jaw/d /n.颚，颌，下巴
jaws of death鬼门关，死神
9．roar/r /vt.& vi.咆哮，轰鸣
10．background/'b kɡra nd/n.背景，后台 setting（小说）情节背景
character人物（小说） plot（小说）情节 climax（小说）高潮 theme（小说）主题 foreshadowing（小说）铺垫
经典句式需悟通
1．Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
2．The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
3．Each week on TV，the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians.
每个星期门基乐队都会在电视上演奏并演唱其他音乐人写的歌。
4．Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.
弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
5．Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.
一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．classical adj.古典的；古典文艺的
2．fame n．名声；名望
3．passer-by n．过路人；行人
4．overnight adv.在晚上；在夜里；(口)一夜之间
5．dip vt.浸；蘸
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共14分)
6．pretend vt.假装；假扮
7．attach vt.& vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接
8．form vt.(使)组成；形成；构成
9．earn vt.赚；挣得；获得
10．broadcast n．广播；播放 vi.& vt.广播；播放
11．familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
12．sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
13．musician n．音乐家→music n．音乐→musical adj.音乐的；悦耳的
14．perform vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行→performance n．表演；演奏→performer n．表演者
15．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可信赖的
16．humorous adj.幽默的；诙谐的→humor n．幽默
17．attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract vt.吸引；有吸引力→attraction n．吸引；吸引力
18．confident adj.自信的；确信的→confidence n．信心
19．brief adj.简短的；简要的 n．摘要；大纲→briefly adv.简要地；短暂地
20．invitation n．邀请；招待→invite vt.邀请
Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
21．routine n．常规，日常事务
22．reckon vt.计算；估计
23．starvation n．挨饿，饿死
24．psychology n．心理学
25．background n．背景，后台
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共20分)
26．dream of/about梦见；梦想；设想
27．to be honest说实在地；实话说
28．attach...to认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接
29．in cash用现金；有现钱
30．play jokes on戏弄
31．be/get familiar with熟悉；与……熟悉起来
32．or so大约
33．break up打碎；分裂；解体
34．in addition此外；另外；也
35．sort out分类；整理
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Emperor Kangxi came to this village twice，thus earning it the name Huangcheng.
2．In order to get familiar(熟悉的) with the new neighbour，I decided to call at his house.
3．Nie Er is considered as one of the most famous musicians in China.
4．She pretends(假装) that she likes them so that she can get their help.
5．The girl student is very sensitive to what others think of her and easily annoyed by comments，whether they are praise or criticism.
6．I put the letter in an envelope，attached(贴上) a stamp and mailed it.
7．Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.
8．When the fire broke out，many passers-by(过路人) volunteered to put it out.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．He is a reliable friend and you can rely on him for help.(rely)
10．The tourist attraction is so beautiful that it attracts millions of visitors every year.(attract)
11．He is very interested in music and wants to become a musician one day.(music)
12．She is a good wife and a devoted mother and devotes herself to the family.(devote)
13．If it had not been for his invitation(invite) the other day，I should not be here now.
14．In brief，you should give the speech briefly and give others enough time.(brief)
15．Whatever we do，we should be confident and hold the confidence to succeed.(confident)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．他们夜以继日的练习为的是可以尽快出名。(so that)
They practised day and night so that they could become famous as soon as possible.
17．我的邻居都是专业人士，他们中的大部分人每天都乘地铁上班。(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
My neighbors are professional people，most of whom go to work by subway every day.
18．迄今为止，没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。(过去分词短语作后置定语)
So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.
19．没有好的环境，我们就无法生存。(not...without)
We can’t live without a good environment.
20．他们正在交谈就像他们是多年老友一样。(as if)
They are talking as if they were old friends for many years.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading部分
If we are honest with 1.ourselves(us)，most of us have dreamed of 2.becoming(become) famous.Most musicians form a band because of the same interest 3.in writing and playing music.They may play anywhere 4.to earn(earn) some extra money as well as fulfill their dreams.However，the Monkees,5.which started 6.differently(different)，began as a TV show with musicians 7.playing(play) jokes and music in the programme.Only after a year or so 8.did they become 9.more(much) serious and they produced their own records and later became even more popular than the Beatles in the USA.The band once 10.broke(break) up but reunited later.In memory of their time as a real band，they produced a new record in 1996.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
Not long after Freddy and the band became famous，they visited Britain on a brief 1.tour.Fans showed their 2.devotion by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.His most exciting invitation was 3.to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops.”As soon as the programme was over，they were 4.truly stars.Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without 5.being followed.At last feeling very upset and sensitive，Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.So they left Britain，to 6.which they were never to return，and went back to the lake.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
pretend vt.假装；假扮
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He pretended to be studying(study) when a passer-by burst into（闯进） his room.
(2)The actor pretended to have solved(solve) the difficult problem and left the company.
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/单句写作·背诵
(3)He pretended that he had finished his homework already.
→He pretended to have finished his homework already.
(4)他会问我们是谁，假装不认识我们。
He would ask who we were and pretend not to know us.
用法点拨 和pretend有类似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen，appear，seem，claim等及be said to结构。
attach vt.附上；系上；重视
vi.与……有联系
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)While I tend to buy a lot of books，these three were given to me as gifts，which might add to the meaning I attach to them.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
(2)They sent the musician to the hospital which is attached(attach) to the medical college（医学院） nearby.
attach sth.to...把某物连接到/附在……上 attach oneself to依附……；缠着…… attach importance/significance/value to...重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值 attached adj.喜爱的；依恋的；附属的 be attached to被连接到……；爱慕；附属于
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级/完成句子·背诵
(3)(普通表达)Since the school thinks this tournament（锦标赛） is very important，I hope we can devote ourselves to becoming a stronger team and winning a gold medal.(2019·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
(高级表达)Since the school attaches importance to this tournament，I hope we can devote ourselves to becoming a stronger team and winning a gold medal.
(4)附在这个邮件中的是我为我的小组制订的训练计划，我希望你能读一下，看看它是否实用。
(2018·天津，书面表达)
Attached to this email is the training plan I have worked out（起作用） for my team，which I hope you’ll read to see if it’s practical.
perform v.表演；履行；执行；表现；运转
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be adjusted，and we also need your guidance on our performance(perform)．(2020·全国Ⅲ)
(2)Once performed(perform)，the works of Beethoven must attract all the people present at（在场）
反义：be absent from缺席 the concert.
perform/play a(n)．..role/part in在……中起……作用 perform one’s duty/promise尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺 performance n．执行；表演；演奏 put on/give a performance表演 performer n．执行者；表演者
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(3)为了给当地的慈善机构筹款，我们邀请了几位著名的音乐家和歌手来演奏古典音乐。
(2019·全国Ⅲ，书面表达)
With the aim of raising some money for the local charity，we have invited several famous musicians and singers to perform classical music.
familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)When she saw the small house in the mountain village，she had a feeling of familiarity.
sb be/get familiar with sth熟悉……；与……熟悉起来 sth be familiar to sb为……所熟悉 unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 familiarity n．熟悉；通晓；认识
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/单句写作·背诵
(2)They are not familiar with charity work，which is still at an early stage in China.
→Charity work，which is still at an early stage in China，is not familiar to them.
(3)我认为这些捐赠的书不仅能使你更熟悉中国，而且有助于提高你的汉语水平。
I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China but help enhance your Chinese.
用法点拨 be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。
rely on/upon依靠；依赖
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)If we expect people to give up the habit of driving，we must give them an alternative they can rely on.
(2)To be honest，many people now would rely on surfing(surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.
rely on sb.to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on (doing) sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on it（形式宾语） that...相信……；指望……=believe reliable adj.可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)你可以相信当你在乐器使用方面有困难时我会帮助你。
①You can rely on me to help you when you have trouble with the use of instruments.
②You can rely on it that I will help you when you have trouble with the use of instruments.
③You can rely on my helping you when you have trouble with the use of instruments.
用法点拨 (1)介词后不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，需要用it作形式宾语再接宾语从句。(2)与rely on意义和用法相同的短语还有：depend on，count on，rest on。
break up打碎；分裂；解体；解散，驱散；结束；分手；拆开；放假
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中break up的汉语意思
(1)Police were called in to break up the meeting.解散，驱散
(2)He is mean to you in cash and you should break up with him.分手
(3)In order to earn some money，the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts.拆开
(4)Everyone was sensitive to when the school broke up for the summer holidays.放假
break down出故障；失败；垮掉；分解 break in破门而入；打断 谈话等 break into强行闯入；突然……起来 break out 战争、火灾等 爆发；发生 无被动语态 break away from脱离；挣脱
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级·背诵
(5)(普通表达)There was something wrong with my car，so I had to turn to the local villagers for help.
(高级表达)My car broke down，so I had to turn to the local villagers for help.
above all最重要；首先
after all毕竟；终究 first of all首先；第一 =first and foremost（押头韵alliteration） all in all整体说来；总而言之 in all全部；合计 at all 否定句 一点也不； 疑问句 到底；究竟
先练基础——用all的相关短语填空
(1)We must work hard，and above all，we must believe that each of us is able to do something well.
(2)—Mary looks very upset.She must have failed to pass the exam.
—I guess so.It’s very difficult after all.
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(3)总之，我真诚地邀请您到我们学校来亲自看看。(写作之邀请信)
All in all，I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
(4)首先，我想对你和你的演出表示热烈的欢迎。(2019·全国Ⅲ，书面表达之邀请信)
First of all，I’d like to express my warm welcome to you and your performance.
用法点拨 (1)above all重在强调所列举内容在所有事物中最重要。
(2)first of all，first及firstly侧重于强调列举事物的顺序，用于举例时表示“首先；第一”。
“代词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句
The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)There are four seasons in a year，each of which has distinctive features.
(2)Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for（朝着......方向） remote regions to chase their dreams（追梦）.
“名词/代词＋of＋which/whom”结构引导定语从句。此类结构常见的有： some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most＋of＋which/whom等形式。(此结构中的which，whom不能换成that，who) “the＋n.＋of＋which”结构一般可以与“whose（作定语，表示......的）＋n.”结构互换。
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换·背诵
I bought an extra instrument last week，the price of which was very reasonable.
the price of extra instrument was very reasonable
→I bought an extra instrument last week，whose（......的） price was very reasonable.
extra instrument’s price（额外乐器的价格） was very reasonable
(4)The millionaire invited about 40 people to his wedding and most of them are family members.
→The millionaire invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of whom are family members.
not...without...
Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.
弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I couldn’t have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.
(2)To be honest，you can’t be too careful while driving the car.
not...without...意为“没有……就不能……”。这是一种双重否定句式，表示肯定意义。 常见的双重否定结构还有： no (not)...no (not)...没有……没有…… no (never)...without...没有……不……；除……不…… nothing...not/no/含否定意义前缀的词 没有……不…… 常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有： 否定词/cannot...too/enough/over/more...越……越……；无论怎样……也不为过 男人有再多的领带也不为过。 A man can never/cannot have too many ties. cannot wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事 cannot help doing sth.禁不住/忍不住做某事
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。(写作之总结句)
Use your head and you will find nothing is impossible=everything is possible in the world.
用法点拨 英语中有些句子“貌相”(形式)否定，实则表示肯定的意义，甚至表示非常强烈的肯定意义。此类句子尤其容易出现在阅读理解中给考生增加干扰因素。
(1)As we know，there is no success without hardships.众所周知，没有苦难就没有成功。
(写作之总结句)
(2)You cannot make egg rolls without breaking eggs.
有失才有得。
发光的并非都是金子。（并非所有金子都会发光。）
All is not gold that glitters.=Not all is gold that glitters.（All...not...=Not all...）（部分否定）
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练——清除阅读障碍
form
1．Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age. B
2．He is about to give up when a good idea began to form in his mind. A
3．You should sound a lot more polite if you make a request in the form of a question. D
4.In addition，if you want to apply for the job，please fill in the form. C
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．If you haven’t read this book，please don’t pretend to have read(read) it.
2．The children’s performance(perform) made the musician burst into laughter suddenly.
3．Aid should be given to developing countries with no strings attached(attach)．
4．I have about 20 books，half of which were written by the famous writer，Bing Xin.
5．Not having been here for long，I had to rely on my friends to protect(protect) myself from being hurt.
6．I’m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up.They seemed to live in peace when I last saw them.
7．In order to continue to learn by ourselves after leaving school，we must above all learn how to study in the school now.
8．Visiting the exhibition will help you get familiar with the art of paper-cutting.
9．You can’t attach too great importance to your child’s receiving a good education.
10．As tourism grows increasingly popular，the Chinese are becoming particularly sensitive to improper behavior.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．她装作不认识我，这确实使我很伤心。(pretend)
(1)She pretended (that) she didn’t know me，which really made me upset.
(2)She pretended not to know me，which really made me upset.
2．他总是乐于助人，因此在这儿大家都熟悉他。(familiar)
(1)He is always willing to help others，so everyone here is familiar with him.
(2)He is always willing to help others，so he is familiar to everyone here.
3．说实在地，郑和，明朝的一位探险家，是中国历史上我最喜爱的人物。(to be honest)
To be honest，Zheng He，an explorer in Ming Dynasty，is my favorite figure in Chinese history.
4．他写了两本小说，都很畅销。(代词＋of＋which)
He has written two novels，both of which sell well.
5．没有护照你就不能离开这个国家。(not...without...)
You can’t leave the country without a passport.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)
To be honest，I dreamed of becoming a millionaire overnight.Because I was sensitive to classical music，I also 1.attached great importance to achieving great fame as a musician.So I 2.formed a band with three other musicians and two actors.Above all，we bought musical 3.instruments.We performed on the streets.During the performances，we pretended to play tricks on each other，which was so attractive and humorous that passers-by offered us some cash.In addition，to earn some extra money，we also gave performances in a pub.We relied on each other.Our devotion to the job enabled countless fans to be familiar with us.Afterwards，we set up our own studio.We received many invitations，which made us more confident.
Unexpectedly，because of some painful incidents，our band 4.broke up.After three years or so，we reunited，tears of excitement 5.rolling down our cheeks.
练基础——请把下面两个简单句合成一个含有定语从句的句子
The singer toured Europe with us.Dave composed our first hit with the singer.
→The singer with whom Dave composed our first hit toured Europe with us.
技巧一点通 在“介词＋关系代词/关系副词”引导的定语从句中，介词的选择要看具体语境中的固定搭配。
提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我仍然记得乐团成立的那天，就像在昨天一样。那把我们用来练习最多的吉他是麦克的妈妈选的。
I still remember the day on which our band was formed as if it were yesterday.The guitar with which we practised the most was chosen by Mike’s mother.教材词汇要记牢(1－8册已学词汇)
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
magical adj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的
magic(n.)魔术
magician(n.)魔术师
slave n．奴隶
slavery 奴隶制
black slave黑奴
gymnastics n．(pl)体操；体能训练
gymnastic(adj.)体操的
gymnasium(n.)健身房，体育馆=gym
athletics n．(pl)体育运动；竞技
athlete(n.)运动员
stadium(n.)体育场
5．gymnasium (gym) n．体育馆；健身房
6．motto n．座右铭；格言；警句
proverb=sayings=quotes名言
swift adj.快的；迅速的
swiftly(adv.)快地
similarity n．相像性；相似点
similar(adj.)相似的
反义词：difference(n.)不同
physical adj.物理的；身体的
mental(adj.)精神的
metal(n.)金属材料
physics(n.)物理学
physician(n.)内科医生
physicist(n.)物理学家
poster n．海报；招贴
post(n.)邮政(v.)张贴
express(n.)快递
princess n．公主
prince(n.)王子
glory n．光荣；荣誉
glorious(adj.)光荣的
13．prince n．王子
14．striker n．敲击者；(足球的)前锋
strike(v.)攻击-struck-struck
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．ancient adj.古代的；古老的
2．medal n．奖章；勋章；纪念章
3．homeland n．祖国；本国=motherland
4．basis n．(pl bases) 基础；根据
basic(adj.)基本的
base(v.)基础
5．athlete n．运动员；运动选手
6．nowadays adv.现今；现在=at present
7．stadium n．(露天大型)体育场(pl stadiums or stadia)
bacterium细菌 （pl. bacteria）
medium 媒体 （pl. media）
8．host vt.做东；主办；招待 n．主人；主持人
9．replace vt.取代；替换；代替=take place of
10．charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉 n．费用；主管
11．fine vt.罚款=penalty=forfeit=amerce
12．bargain vi.讨价还价；讲条件 n．便宜货+with
13．deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得（主动表被动）
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
Greece n．希腊→Greek adj.希腊(人)的；希腊语的 n．希腊人；希腊语
Rome(n.)罗马→Roman(adj./n.)罗马人，罗马的
2．volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的；义务的 vt.& vi.自愿→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的→voluntarily(adv.)志愿地
3．compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n．竞争者
4．regular adj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regularly adv.定期地；有规律地→regulation n．规则；规章制度 反义词：irregular(adj.)不规则的
5．admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳→admission n．承认；入场费；准许进入
6．responsibility n．责任；职责→responsible adj.有责任心的
反义词：irresponsible(adj.)不负责任的 irresponsibility(n.)不负责任
7．advertise vt.& vi.做广告；登广告→advertiser n．广告商→advertisement n．广告
8．hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的→hope v．& n．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的
9．foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的→fool n．傻瓜(v.)欺骗
10．pain n．疼痛；痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的 反义词：painless(adj.)不疼痛的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．take part in参加；参与=participate in=be engaged in=get involved in=join in=go in for=compete in
2．stand for代表=represent=on behalf of ；象征=symbolize；表示
3．as well也；又；还（放在句末）
4．one after another陆续地；一个接一个地
5．pick up拾起；捡起；用车接某人；接收
6．take the place of代替……=in place of=instead of=take up the position=replace=take one’s place
7．play a role/part in在……起作用
8．as a matter of fact事实上=in reality=in fact=actually=in effect=in practice=in practical terms
9．in charge主管；看管；负责
10．apart from除了……之外；要不是=except for=in addition to
11．make a bargain达成协议
12．on purpose故意地；蓄意地
增加词汇来助力(9－10册未学词汇)
1．offshore/ f' /adj.离岸的；海面上的
2．outward/'a tw d/adj.外面的；向外的
3．tide/taId/n.潮，潮汐；潮流，趋势
4．secure/sI'kj /adj.安全的；可靠的
security(n.) 安全 securely(adv.)安全地
5．knot/n t/n.节 v．打结
6．log/l ɡ/n.原木，木材
7．nautical/'n tIkl/adj.海上的；航海的
nautical mile海里
magnetic/m ɡ'netIk/adj.磁的，有磁性的
magnet(n.)磁铁 magnetism(n.)磁性 magnetically(adv.) 磁力地
random/'r nd m/adj.任意的，随便的randomly(adv.)随意地=at random
randomness(n.)任意
10．awkward/' kw d/adj.难使用的，笨拙的
经典句式需悟通
1．I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.
我生活在你们称之为“古希腊”的地方，我过去也经常写有关很久以前奥运会的情况。
2．It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races，together with swimming，sailing and all the team sports.跑步、游泳、划船和所有团队项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。
3．No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women！
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！
4．There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
国与国之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争就像争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。
5．This is important because the more you speak English，the better your English will become.
这很重要，因为你说的英语越多，你的英语水平就会越高。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．magical adj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的
2．gymnastics n．(pl)体操；体能训练
3．gymnasium (gym) n．体育馆；健身房
4．swift adj.快的；迅速的
5．glory n．光荣；荣誉
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共14分)
6．basis n．(pl bases) 基础；根据
7．stadium n．(露天大型)体育场
8．host vt.做东；主办；招待 n．主人
9．replace vt.取代；替换；代替
10．charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉 n．费用；主管
11．bargain vi.讨价还价；讲条件 n．便宜货
12．deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
13．Greece n．希腊→ Greek adj.希腊(人)的；希腊语的 n．希腊人；希腊语
14．volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的；义务的 vt.& vi.自愿→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的
15．compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n．竞争者
16．regular adj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regularly adv.定期地；有规律地→regulation n．规则；规章制度
17．admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳→admission n．承认；入场费；准许进入
18．responsibility n．责任；职责→responsible adj.有责任心的
19．advertise vt.& vi.做广告；登广告→advertiser n．广告商→advertisement n．广告
20．hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的→hope v．& n．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的
Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
21．offshore adj.离岸的；海面上的
22．nautical adj.海上的；航海的
23．magnetic adj.磁的，有磁性的
24．random adj.任意的，随便的
25．awkward adj.难使用的，笨拙的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共20分)
26．take part in参加；参与
27．stand for代表；象征；表示
28．as well也；又；还
29．one after another陆续地；一个接一个地
30．pick up拾起，捡起；用车接某人；接收
31．take the place of代替……
32．play a role in在……起作用
33．in charge主管；看管；负责
34．apart from除了……之外；要不是
35．make a bargain达成协议
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)
1．You deserved(应得) an award for the role that you played.
2．Does the bank charge a fee for setting up the account
3．I’m short of money，and can’t afford a new car to replace my old one.
4．There are no bargains(便宜货) in the clothes shops at the moment.
5．—Do you know the school motto of this university
—Yes.It’s “Never lose hope.”
6．Many college students offered to be volunteers(志愿者) for Olympic Games.
7．As an athlete (运动员) you are all reflected in the value of the performance and fighting spirit.
8．China has made efforts for a breakthrough in the total number of gold medals(奖牌) in the coming Winter Games.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)
9．If you learn to breathe more slowly and regularly(regular) through your nose，you will calm down.
10．As a successful advertiser，he gave a lecture to teach people how to advertise their products.(advertise)
11．He competed in the sports meeting and the competition was very fierce.(compete)
12．My back is so painful that I cannot stand anymore，so I go to see a doctor to relieve my pain.(pain)
13．He had to admit that it was not easy to gain admission to the Buckingham Palace.(admit)
14．The reason why I apply to be a volunteer is that I like English and voluntary work very much.(volunteer)
15．She said the media companies must take more responsibility and be responsible for the society.(responsible)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
16．我们为他们取得的成就向他们表示祝贺。(介词＋what引导的宾语从句)
We congratulated them on what they had achieved.
17．但是制度本身不能保证一个有秩序的社会，遵守规则的人才是重要的。(强调句型)
But rules themselves don’t guarantee an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.
18．如果你不出席会议，我也不去。(neither/nor＋倒装结构)
If you don’t attend the meeting，neither/nor will I.
19．对学生来说，被重点高中录取的竞争与进入重点大学的竞争一样激烈。(as...as...)
For the students，there is as much competition to be admitted into a key high school as to enter a key university.
20．你用来练习英语口语的时间越多，你的英语口语就会越熟练。(the more...，the more...)
The more time you devote to practicing your spoken English，the more fluent your spoken English will become.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading部分
Pausanias and Li Yan are talking about the similarities and 1.differences(different) between the ancient and modern Olympics.The ancient Olympic Games were first held in Athens，in 2.which only men from the Greece had the honour to compete.The champions 3.were awarded(award) olive wreaths as prizes.4.The modern Olympics started in 1896.From then on，athletes from all over the world have come 5.to take(take) part in the games every four 6.years(year)=every fourth year．
every+基数词+复数名词=every+序数词+单数名词 每......，每隔......
There are two main sets of Games—the Summer and the Winter Olympics.All countries can take part 7.if their athletes reach the standard.There are over 250 sports.To hold all the 8.competitors(compete)，a special village is usually built，with several stadiums，a very large 9.swimming(swim) pool，a gymnasium as well as seats for those who watch the games.The winners of the first three places are awarded gold，silver and bronze medals.The motto of the Olympic Games is—“Swifter，Higher and 10.Stronger(strong)．”更高，更快，更强
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分
Atlanta was a Greek 1.princess who was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece.But she was not allowed 2.to run in the Olympic Games.She was so angry 3.that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.What’s more，if he couldn’t run as fast as her，he would 4.be killed.
Hearing of her rules，many of the kings and princes 5.sadly went home.A man called Hippomenes was determined to run the race with the 6.Greek Goddess of Love helping him.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
compete vi.比赛；竞争
先练基础——单句语法填空
Museums must compete for people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
spare (n.)备用品 (v.) 抽出，匀出 (adj.)业余的，空闲的
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
(2)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition(compete) to watch，together with the story behind it.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
compete in参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for为……而竞争 compete with/against和……竞争 competition n．比赛；竞争 in competition with与……进行竞争 competitor n．竞争者；比赛者 competitive adj.有竞争力的；竞争的
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(3)在这个竞争的世界里，我们都是竞争者，大家都相互竞争。我们应该营造一个良好的竞争环境。
In this competitive world，we are all competitors and everybody competes with each other.We should make a good atmosphere of competition（We are supposed to form/create a good atmosphere/surroundings/environment of competition）.
admit v.承认 过错、罪行 ，招认；接纳；准许……进入；容纳
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中admit的汉语意思
(1)If we admit it is a door，they’ll want to go outside constantly.(2020·全国Ⅰ)承认
(2)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium(水族馆) admits visitors from 930 am until 600 pm.接纳
(3)The stadium to be completed next month can admit 1,000 students.容纳
admit doing/having done sth.承认做/做过某事 admit sb./sth.to be/as承认某人/物是…… be admitted to/into被接收(入学/入院/入党等)；被录取 admit that承认…… admission n．承认；准许进入；入场费
再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵
(4)现在，我们学校的乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我想邀请你加入。
(2017·全国Ⅲ，书面表达之邀请信)
The table tennis team of our school is admitting new members right now so I would like to invite you to join.
It is admitted that the house really deserves buying，because all its wide windows admit light into the room.人们公认这个房子的确值得购买，因为它所有的大窗户都能让光线照进室内。
replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)It is still under debate whether the old gymnasium should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not.
(2)It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced(replace) by computers in class.
(3)They could take the place of power plants(发电厂).(2020·全国Ⅰ)
replace A with/by B 用B替换A replace...as...取代……而成为…… take the place of＝take one’s place代替；替代=substitute for=instead of in place of代替
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(4)The famous athlete is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him to give us lessons.
→The famous athlete is ill and I want to know who is going to take the place of him/take his place to give us lessons.
(5)然而，遗憾的是我们现在的体育课很无聊，有时甚至被其他学科所取代。
However，it is a pity/shame/regretful that our present PE class is quite dull and sometimes even replaced by other subjects.
charge v．收费；控告；充电
n．费用；控告；主管；充电量
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)How much did he charge you for repairing this pair of shoes
(2)You can play football in the stadium free of charge if you are a member.
(3)It’s hard to make a decision who will be the proper person in charge of the troop.
charge sb.with (doing) sth.＝accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指控某人犯……罪 charge sb.money for sth.因某事/物收某人钱 free of charge＝for free免费=free of expense sb be in charge of sth 掌管(表状态) sth be in the charge of sb被……掌管；由……负责 take charge of掌管(表动作)
再提能力——完美写作·句型转换/一句多译·背诵
(4)The woman taking charge of the company was charged with gambling(赌博).
→The woman in charge of the company was accused of gambling.
(5)他不能掌管那家电脑公司，因为这超出了他的能力。
①The computer company can’t be in the charge of him because it is beyond his ability.(charge)
②He can’t take charge of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.(charge)
③He can’t be in charge of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.(charge)
用法点拨 in charge of 多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of 多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：in possession of，in the possession of; in control of，in the control of。
During the period of two weeks，we held a series of activities on study and sports，a few of which were in the charge of English students.(应用文之校园生活)
在两周的时间里，我们举办了一系列关于学习和体育的活动，其中一些是由英语系学生负责的。
deserve v.值得；应受 报答或惩罚 ；应得
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He doesn’t deserve to win(win) any respect from anybody just because he does not know how to respect others.
(2)There is no doubt that the Greek is guilty and that he deserves punishment/punishing/to be punished(punish)．
deserve to do sth.值得做……；应该做…… deserve to be done ＝deserve doing 值得……；应受…… deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意
再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)不管你是谁，你都应该得到平等的对待。
①Whoever you are，you deserve equal treatment.(deserve＋n.)
②Whoever you are，you deserve treating equally.(deserve＋doing)
③Whoever you are，you deserve to be treated equally.(deserve＋to be done)
用法点拨 deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的动词还有need，require等。
stand for代表；象征；表示；支持；主张；容忍
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中stand for的汉语意思
(1)The letters PLA stand for the Chinese People’s Liberation Army.代表
(2)I will not stand for behavior of that kind in my house.容忍
(3)As we know，doves stand for peace.象征
(4)We should respect people of all faiths and stand for religious freedom.支持
stand by袖手旁观 stand out突出；显眼；杰出=excel stand on one’s own feet自立；不依靠他人
再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(5)被漆成红色后，这幢楼在楼群中显得格外突出，很有吸引力。
Having been painted red，the building stands out among the rest and looks attractive.
(6)汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它用汉字表示思想、物体或行为。
The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that(因为) it uses characters which stand for ideas，objects or deeds.
as well也；又；还；而且
先练基础——用as well，also，too，either填空
(1)I went to New York last year，and I also spent some time in Washington.My little sister Sally went there with me，too.We didn’t call our parents and didn’t write to them either.As a result，our parents were surprised and worried as well.
as well as也；既……又……；不但……而且……；和……一样好(用来连接两个并列成分) may/might (just) as well do...不妨……，还是……吧
再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级/句式升级·背诵
(2)(普通表达)In my view，it is a good idea to bring a bunch of(一束) flowers and a box of chocolate.
(2018·全国Ⅰ，书面表达 )
(高级表达)In my view，it is a good idea to bring a bunch of flowers as well as a box of chocolate.
(3)(普通表达)The workers want to reduce working hours as well as increase their pay.
(高级表达)Not only do the workers want to increase their pay，but they also want to reduce working hours.(用not only...but also...改写为倒装句)
用法点拨 当as well as连接主语时，谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致(即与比较远的那个主语保持一致，简称“就远原则”)。类似的词还有together with，along with，with，besides，but，except，including，rather than等。
