高考英语单项选择练习（虚拟语气）（60题有答案）
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| 名称 | 高考英语单项选择练习（虚拟语气）（60题有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-10 15:53:27 | ||
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单项选择
1．_____ Xi Jinping said on the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was essential that we _____ better tell China’s stories and make China’s voice heard.
A．As; must B．What; may C．As; should D．What; can
2．The school adviser recommended he ________the lost time.
A．made of B．can make it C．making up D．make up for
3．He insisted that he________ in good health and________ to work there.
A．was; be sent B．is; be sent
C．is; was sent D．was; send
4．It is demanded that every student in Zhixin High School ________ themselves to studying.
A．devotes B．devoted C．is devoted D．devote
5．Helen recommended that I ______ receive further education.
A．was sent to B．sent to C．was sending to D．be sent to
6．It _____ that every student _____ for at least 30 minutes every day.
A．is recommended, work out B．recommends, works out
C．is recommended, works out D．is recommending, work out
7．It is strongly recommended that the date ________ by two days.
A．should advance B．be advanced
C．has been advanced D．is advanced
8．I advised that he ________ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ________ quite well then.
A．was sent; felt B．be sent; was feeling
C．be sent; feel D．should be sent; should feel
9．If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.
A．will be B．would be C．would have been D．is
10．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ___ badly wounded and that he ___ at once.
A．shouldn’t be; be operated on B．were; must be operated on
C．was; should be operated D．was; be operated on
11．My professor recommended that I ________ classical technique first to establish solid technical skills.
A．should have learned B．would learn C．learned D．learn
12．I don’t think it is advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.
A．will be assigned B．be assigned C．should assign D．can be assigned
13．If the chopsticks are partly placed in the water, it looks as if they________.
A．break B．have broken C．were broken D．had been broken
14．How I wish I ________ someone to turn to for advice when I was puzzled.
A．would have B．had C．have had D．had had
15．We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we ________ you a hand.
A．gave B．had given C．would give D．would have given
16．If you had told me in advance, I ________you up at the airport.
A．would pick B．should have picked C．would have picked D．will have picked
17．Some animals are in danger of dying out, so it is high time that the government ________ some measures to protect endangered animals.
A．take B．took C．has taken D．will take
18．_________ I _________ yesterday’s nucleic acid test, I _________ from traveling.
A．Had; taken; wouldn’t have been restricted B．Have; taken; wouldn’t be restricted
C．Did; take; wouldn’t be restricted D．Do; took; wouldn’t have been restricted.
19．Doctors recommended that a modern hospital ________.
A．being built B．be built C．should build D．build
20．The old saying that you should live each day________ it were your last________ true.
A．even if; still proves B．even if; is still proved
C．as if ; still proves D．as if ; is still proved
21．--- I’ve told Jenny the truth about the new house.
---But I’d rather you ________.
A．didn’t B．hadn’t C．don’t D．wouldn’t
22．—Lily looks hot and dry today.
—So ________ you if you had so high a fever.
A．do B．are C．will D．would
23．If the ambulance had come here sooner last night, the patient ________now.
A．will be alive B．will have been alive C．would have been alive D．would be alive
24．This digital camera is of fine quality. If it ________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．would B．should C．could D．might
25．________it rain this afternoon, the football match would be put off till next Friday.
A．Were B．Should C．Would D．Will
26．Susan is going to deliver a speech about the culture of his country, but I’d rather she________ more on its education.
A．focus B．focused C．would focus D．had focused
27．But for your generous help, we ________ the task ahead of time.
A．would not fulfill B．would not have fulfilled
C．would fulfill D．would have fulfilled
28．________ his phone number yesterday, I would have called him up.
A．Should he know B．Were I to know C．Had I known D．Have I known
29．If you ________a few minutes earlier, you would have met the famous scientist.
A．had come B．have come C．were to come D．should come
30．My sister’s pale face suggested that she ________seriously ill, and my parents suggested that she ________ to see the doctor immediately.
A．was; go B．were; go C．be; went D．was; went
31．If you ________ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.
A．haven’t watched B．hadn’t watched C．didn’t watch D．wouldn’t have watched
32．The order came that all the small coal mines ________down in half a year.
A．would be closed B．should be closed C．must be closed D．would close
33．—Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—No, but I wish I ________.
A．will B．have C．did D．had
34．________the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A．Had it not been for B．If it were not C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for
35．________ what was going to happen next, I would never have left her alone.
A．Had I known B．If I know C．If I knew D．If had I known
36．My demand was that the information referred to in my report ________to Mr. Brown without delay.
A．should email B．emailed C．must be emailed D．be e-mailed
37．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he ________ everything.
A．knew B．knows C．has known D．had known
38．Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she ________ a few books on world history before hand.
A．hadn’t read B．hasn’t read C．wouldn’t have read D．didn’t read
39．Thomas can take his motor apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ________ me how.
A．teaches B．will teach C．has taught D．would teach
40．The new traffic law requires that everyone ________ his or her car checked at least once a year.
A．has B．had C．will have D．have
41．I insist that you ______ me my money back.
A．give B．to give C．giving D．would give
42．He recommended that she ________ her own future.
A．determined B．be determined C．determine D．determining
43．With the deadline drawing near, I am getting more and more anxious about the final exam. I started to review my lessons several days in advance, I wouldn't have burned the midnight oil last night.
A．If B．Had C．Should D．Were
44．She is so keen on using filters to beautify her selfies that she looks as if she________ten years younger.
A．was B．is C．has been D．were
45．Perhaps a settler would demand an Indian _________ off the settler’s land.
A．staying B．to stay C．stayed D．stay
46．I’d rather you ________tomorrow.
A．came B．come C．comes D．coming
47．______Tom hadn’t hurt his foot, he would won the race.
A．If B．Since C．Though D．When
48．I believe he ________ an accident, otherwise he ________ have arrived on time.
A．might have；would
B．should have had； should
C．could have； should
D．must have had； would
49．I’d rather you ________ her at the airport tomorrow morning.
A．met B．meet C．have met D．had met
50．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________.
A．was broken B．has broken C．were broken D．had been broken
51．The workers requested that their working conditions________.
A．must be improved B．be improved C．would be improved D．were improved
52．He looked as if he ________ ill for a long time.
A．was B．were C．has been D．had been
53．________ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
54．The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ________for that.
A．for us to be prepared B．that we are prepared
C．of us to be prepared D．our being prepared
55．It is recommended that the machine ______ once a year.
A．must be checked B．was checked C．is checked D．be checked
56．My advice is _______ he _____ to go abroad for further education.
A．that, chooses B．that, chose C．that, choose D．what, should choose
57．Some experts demanded that children ________ enough time for sleep and play.
A．give B．should give C．be given D．given
58．He _____ his potential had it not been for his desire to meet new challenges.
A．would never have realized B．would never realize
C．never realized D．had never realized
59．It’s recommended that you __________ to bed on time.
A．going B．go C．to go D．don’t go
60．Besides, it’s vital that you ________ your table manners.
A．minded B．mind C．to mind D．Minds
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查定语从句和虚拟语气。句意：正如习近平在中国共产党第20届全国代表大会上所说，我们必须讲好中国故事，传递好中国声音。第一个空引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，指代后面整个主句内容并在从句中作宾语，应用as；It is/was essential that从句，这个固定句型中，要求that从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语由“should do sth”构成，且should可以省略，故选C。
2．D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和虚拟语气。句意：学校顾问建议他弥补损失的时间。A. made of理解，看待；B. can make it能够成功；C. making up组成，编造，化妆；D. make up for弥补。recommend后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为（should）+动词原形，结合句意可知，此处指“弥补”损失的时间，make up for符合题意。故选D。
3．A
【详解】考查时态和语态以及虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他身体很好，并且坚持被派去那里工作。第一空：insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时其后宾语从句用陈述语气，主句用的一般过去时，此处也用一般过去时；第二空：insist意为“坚持”时其后从句用虚拟语气，采用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可省略，主语he和sent之间是被动关系，用被动语态，应是be sent。故选A项。
4．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：志新中学要求每个学生都要全身心地投入到学习中去。表达“投身于……，投入”用devote oneself to...，It is demanded that… 要求……，这种结构的主语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。故选D。
5．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：海伦建议把我送去接受进一步的教育。recommend意为“建议”，其后的that从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，“我”是被送去接受教育，因此空格处用should be done，其中should可省略，因此空格处是(should) be sent to，故选D。
6．A
【详解】考查主语从句和虚拟语气。句意：建议每个学生每天至少锻炼30分钟。it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。
7．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议将日期提前两天。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，句中的recommend意为“建议”，所以后面that从句中的谓语动词应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且从句的主语the date和谓语动词advance之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选B项。
8．B
【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是advised后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，advise是“建议”的意思，从句谓语要用should do的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，从句主语he和谓语动词send是被动关系，要用被动结构(should) be done；第二个空是insisted后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，insisted是“坚持说”的意思，从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语then，谓语要用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。故选B。
9．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反用would+do/be。故选B。
10．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医院里所有的医生都坚持认为他伤势严重，坚决主张应该立即给他动手术。insist表示“坚持认为、坚持说”时，其引导的从句，表示已经发生或已经存在的状态，用陈述语序；insist表示“坚决要求、坚决主张”时，从句用虚拟语气。第一个空格处指“坚持认为”，需用陈述语气，时态为一般过去时；第二个空格处指“坚决主张”需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，主语he与动词operate之间为被动，需用被动语态。故选C项。
11．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的教授建议我先学习古典技法，建立扎实的技术功底。根据句意和句中的动词recommend可知，该题是考查insist, order, command, advise, suggest, recommend, require, request, demand, desire等动词（一坚持二命令三建议四要求）后接宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选D项。
12．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我认为把汤姆分配到这项工作是不明智的，因为他没有经验。A.will be assigned将被分配；B. be assigned被分配；C. should assign应该分配；D. can be assigned可以被分配。由语意可知，他没有工作经验，因此不建议将工作分配给他。此处考查固定句型It is advisable that...，意为“建议……”，从句谓语用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省，而主语Tom与谓语assign之间是被动关系，故应用should be done结构。故选B项。
13．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果把筷子的一部分放在水里，看起来就像断了一样。根据句意可知，as if从句中的内容表示与事实相反，所以应该用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。故选C项。
14．D
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：我多么希望当我感到困惑我有人可以寻求建议。wish后的宾语从句，用虚拟语气，根据when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时可知，从句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。故选D。
15．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。此处otherwise的意思是“否则，要不然的话”，结合前文“We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time”,可知句子用虚拟语气，表示与过去已发生的事实相反的假设，所以谓语部分用would have done，此处填would have given。故选D。
16．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你提前告诉我，我就会去机场接你了。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/would have done，从句用过去完成时。故选C。
17．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一些动物有灭绝的危险，所以是时候采取一些措施来保护濒危动物了。It is high time that....表示“是该做某事的时候了”，从句谓语用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”，should不能省略，因此空格处是took，故选B。
18．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：如果昨天做了核酸检测，我就不会被限制出行了。分析句子结构以及句意可知，该句为if引导的虚拟语气句型，结合时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此条件状语从句原句应为“If I had taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test”，又因从句中有助动词had，可以省略连词if，将助动词had置于句首，改为“Had I taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test”，同时，主句中用“情态动词+现在完成时”。故选A项。
19．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议建造一所现代化医院。recommend表示建议，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略，且build与hospital构成被动关系。故选B。
20．C
【详解】考查连词和谓语动词。句意：老生常谈所说的“你应该把每一天都当作你的最后一天”这句话仍然是真的。空1：根据句意可知，此处意为“好像”，应用连词as if；空2：本句中the old saying做主语，为第三人称单数，空处谓语动词，prove通常不用被动语态，且此处陈述事实，故应用一般现在时的主动语态。故选C。
21．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我已经告诉珍妮关于新房子的真相了。——但是我宁愿你没有告诉她。根据句意可知，I’d rather that...从句中的内容表示与过去事实相反，所以应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用过去完成时had done，hadn’t后面省略了told Jenny the truth about the new house。故选B项。
22．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——莉莉今天看起来很燥热。——如果你发这么高的烧，你也会的。根据句意可知，第二个人说的话是与现在事实相反的假设，所以，应该用虚拟语气，同时空格处又是该句子的主句，谓语动词应该用would do。故选D项。
23．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果救护车昨晚早点来的话，病人现在可能还活着。由语意可知，昨晚救护车来得晚了一些，所以病人没有得到及时救治，因此现在病人没有得救。本句是错综条件句，主句与现在事实相反，故用would/could do结构，故应为would be alive。故选D项。
24．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这架数码相机质量很好。如果在一年内坏了，我们将免费修理。根据句意可知，该题是考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。if虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去式或were to do或should+动词原形。故选B项。
25．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果今天下午下雨，足球赛将推迟到下星期五。根据句意和句中的would可知，该题是考查的是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，逗号前面应该是一个虚拟条件句if it should rain this afternoon。在if引导的虚拟条件句中如果有should，可以将if省略，同时将should提到句首构成倒装。故选B项。
26．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：苏珊将发表一个关于他的国家文化的演讲，但我宁愿她专注于更多关于教育的演讲。I would rather that...后接从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在或将来事实相反均用一般过去时。该句与将来事实相反，应用一般过去时。故选B项
27．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的慷慨帮助，我们是不会提前完成任务的。根据句意可知，该题中的but for是隐含含蓄条件的介词短语，其意义为“要不是，如果没有”，根据句意可知，该句子表示和过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句的谓语动词应该用would/could have done，所以先排除A项和C项；但是根据句意，主句应该用否定句，所以D项不对。故选B项。
28．C
【详解】考查非真实条件句中if的省略。句意：要是我昨天知道他的电话号码的话，我就会打电话给他了。根据句意以及I would have called her up可知本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以设空处所在句子应为if引导的虚拟条件句if I had known his phone number yesterday。if虚拟条件句省略if时，把were，had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装，所以此空应该填Had I known。故选C。
29．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早几分钟到，你就会见到那位著名的科学家。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/would have done，从句用过去完成时。故选A。
30．A
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：我妹妹苍白的脸色表明她病得很重，我父母建议她马上去看医生。suggest表示“暗示，表明”，后接从句应用陈述语气。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时；表示“建议”时，从句用should+动词原形，should可省。故选A。
31．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你昨晚没有看那部晚场电影，你现在就不会这么困了。由语意可知，之所以你感到困，是因为你昨晚看了夜场电影，由此可知如果你没有看，你就不会困。本句是错综时间条件句，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时，即had done结构。故选B项。
32．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：命令规定半年内关闭所有小煤矿。order, advice, command等表示“建议”类名词与that从句连用，从句用虚拟语气，且用should+动词原形。故选B项。
33．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——你去过长城吗？——没有，但我希望我有。I wish...从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。had后面承前省略了been to the Great Wall。故选D项。
34．D
【详解】考查条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法。句意：要不是因为这些云的话，你很容易就能在空中找到那架飞机。这里的“要不是因为这些云的话”是一种与现在事实相反的假设，故用一般过去时，A、C项都是过去完成时，应排除；即为if it were not for，这里是省略了if将be动词提前，从句倒装。故选D项。
35．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我知道接下来会发生什么，我绝不会丢下她一个人。本句是省略了if的条件句，且表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。使用if省略，把had提到从句主语之前，故选A。
36．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的要求是，我报告中提到的资料应立即用电子邮件寄给布朗先生。根据句意分析句子可知，was后面是一个表语从句，空格处是该表语从句的谓语部分，而英语中demand, advice, proposal, suggestion等名词跟表语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应该用should do，should可以省略，所以排除B项和C项；从句的主语the information和动词e-mail之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选D项。
37．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那个年轻人。他说起话来总是好像什么都知道似的。分析句子，句中as though意为“似乎，好像”，后面的内容表示与现在事实相反，即对现在的虚拟，故用一般过去时。故选A。
38．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果琳达没有预先读过几本关于世界历史的书，她就不能这么轻易地回答这个问题了。由句意和上文的couldn't have answered可知，此处是if引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。
39．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：托马斯可以把他的马达拆开再组装起来。我真希望他能教我怎么做。在wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示对将来的愿望应用would/could/might do。故选D。
40．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：新的交通法规要求每个人每年至少检查一次他或她的车。require后面的宾语从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，因此空格处是动词原形have，故选D。
41．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我坚持你把钱还给我。insist后的宾语从句，表示未发生的动作，根据句意可知，此处表示“坚持要求”，应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选A项。
42．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议她应该决定自己的未来。句中recommend为动词，意为“建议”，后接宾语从句的时，谓语动词用 should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。同时determine意为“决定”。故用determine。故选C。
43．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：随着最后期限的临近，我越来越担心期末考试。如果我提前几天开始复习功课，我昨天晚上就不会熬夜了。分析句意可知，如果我提前几天开始复习的话，昨晚就不会熬夜了，事实上“我”并没有提前几天开始复习，属于虚拟语气。根据句中“started to review my lessons several days in advance”以及后面的“I wouldn't have burned the midnight oil last night.”可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，故从句谓语结构应用过去完成时had done。此外，If型虚拟语气中，if从句中如果含有were、had、should等词时，if可以省略，但省略if后需把were、had、should等词提到主语前，变为倒装句式。结合题干和选项可知，此处考查的正是if型虚拟语气的省略与倒装，设空处应用Had。故选B项。
44．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她热衷于用滤镜美化自拍，看起来好像年轻了十岁。结合语境可知，as if引导的表语从句表示与现在相反的事实，应用一般过去时，be动词常用were。故选D。
45．D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：也许殖民者会要求印第安人远离他们的土地。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词demand，后接从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，demand sb. to do sth. 是错误结构，demand后不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。故选D项。
46．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你明天来。would rather意为“宁愿”，后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。和将来相反的情况，用一般过去式，故选came。故选A。
47．A
【详解】考查状语从句和虚拟语气。句意：如果汤姆没有摔到他的脚，他会赢得比赛。由题意可知，此处应用 if 引导非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反的一种假设；since 表示原因或时间；though表示让步；when表示时间，都不符合句意。故选A。
48．D
【详解】考查情态动词用法和虚拟语气。句意：我相信他肯定遇到意外事件了，否则他会按时到的。第一空根据“otherwise he ________ have arrived on time”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式；第二空，根据otherwise可知，此处使用虚拟语气与过去事实相反，使用would have done。故选D。
49．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你明天早上去机场接她。would rather后宾语从句用虚拟语气。 根据tomorrow morning.可知，与将来事实相反，用一般过去时。故选A。
50．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当铅笔的一部分浸在盛水的玻璃杯中的时候，铅笔看上去好像断了。分析句子可知，as if引导的从句内容与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。由句意可知，铅笔看起来好像断了，但实际上铅笔并未断，上文陈述的也是现在事实，所以此处与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时态，be动词要用were。故选C项。
51．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们要求改善他们的工作条件。根据题干中的requested可知，表示建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中应该用虚拟语气，所以此处应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，再分析句意应该用被动语态，所以用should be improved且should可以省略。故选B项。
52．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他看上去好像病了很长时间。根据句意及句中的looked可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故选D项。
53．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。A.Because of由于，因为；B.In spite of 尽管；C.In case of以防，万一；D.But for 要不是，but for通常用于含蓄条件句中，相当于if条件句的用法，主句中使用虚拟语气。根据后句“we should have reached our school（我们本应该到了学校）”可知，要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。故选D。
54．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气及固定句式。句意：开幕式是一个伟大的时刻。我们必须为此做好准备。A.for us to be prepared让我们做好准备；B.that we are prepared我们准备好了；C.of us to be prepared我们要做好准备；D.our being prepared我们做好准备。虚拟语气用于主语从句中，it is essential+that从句，从句的谓语动词应用（should）+动词原形，should可省略。故选项B不对；固定句式：it is+形容词+of/for sb +to do sth.而essential后面应用for。故选A。
55．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议每年对机器进行一次检查。根据句型和句意可知，这里考查it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用虚拟语气， 动词形式为（should)+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。故选D项。
56．C
【详解】考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是他应该选择出国深造。chooses选择；第一个设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成份，应用只起连接作用的that；在advice后的表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语构成是“should+动词原形”should可省略，故第二个设空处应为(should) choose。故选C。
57．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一些专家要求给孩子们足够的时间睡觉和玩耍。动词demand后接that从句时，从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略，孩子们和给时间是被动关系，用be+过去分词。故选C。
58．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他渴望迎接新的挑战，他就不会实现他的潜能。分析句子结构可知，本句考查if引导的条件句的虚拟，省略if倒装的情况，根据语法规则可知，从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词应用would have done；分析本句可知，空格处应为主句谓语部分且表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选A。
59．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议你按时睡觉。句型It’s recommended that+虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选B。
60．B
【详解】考查动词虚拟语气。句意：此外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是很重要的。分析可知，vital 后that引导的从句要用虚拟语气，即“It’s vital that 主语 + (should) do”句型， should 可以省略，故谓语动词应用动词原形。故选B项。
1．_____ Xi Jinping said on the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was essential that we _____ better tell China’s stories and make China’s voice heard.
A．As; must B．What; may C．As; should D．What; can
2．The school adviser recommended he ________the lost time.
A．made of B．can make it C．making up D．make up for
3．He insisted that he________ in good health and________ to work there.
A．was; be sent B．is; be sent
C．is; was sent D．was; send
4．It is demanded that every student in Zhixin High School ________ themselves to studying.
A．devotes B．devoted C．is devoted D．devote
5．Helen recommended that I ______ receive further education.
A．was sent to B．sent to C．was sending to D．be sent to
6．It _____ that every student _____ for at least 30 minutes every day.
A．is recommended, work out B．recommends, works out
C．is recommended, works out D．is recommending, work out
7．It is strongly recommended that the date ________ by two days.
A．should advance B．be advanced
C．has been advanced D．is advanced
8．I advised that he ________ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ________ quite well then.
A．was sent; felt B．be sent; was feeling
C．be sent; feel D．should be sent; should feel
9．If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.
A．will be B．would be C．would have been D．is
10．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ___ badly wounded and that he ___ at once.
A．shouldn’t be; be operated on B．were; must be operated on
C．was; should be operated D．was; be operated on
11．My professor recommended that I ________ classical technique first to establish solid technical skills.
A．should have learned B．would learn C．learned D．learn
12．I don’t think it is advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.
A．will be assigned B．be assigned C．should assign D．can be assigned
13．If the chopsticks are partly placed in the water, it looks as if they________.
A．break B．have broken C．were broken D．had been broken
14．How I wish I ________ someone to turn to for advice when I was puzzled.
A．would have B．had C．have had D．had had
15．We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we ________ you a hand.
A．gave B．had given C．would give D．would have given
16．If you had told me in advance, I ________you up at the airport.
A．would pick B．should have picked C．would have picked D．will have picked
17．Some animals are in danger of dying out, so it is high time that the government ________ some measures to protect endangered animals.
A．take B．took C．has taken D．will take
18．_________ I _________ yesterday’s nucleic acid test, I _________ from traveling.
A．Had; taken; wouldn’t have been restricted B．Have; taken; wouldn’t be restricted
C．Did; take; wouldn’t be restricted D．Do; took; wouldn’t have been restricted.
19．Doctors recommended that a modern hospital ________.
A．being built B．be built C．should build D．build
20．The old saying that you should live each day________ it were your last________ true.
A．even if; still proves B．even if; is still proved
C．as if ; still proves D．as if ; is still proved
21．--- I’ve told Jenny the truth about the new house.
---But I’d rather you ________.
A．didn’t B．hadn’t C．don’t D．wouldn’t
22．—Lily looks hot and dry today.
—So ________ you if you had so high a fever.
A．do B．are C．will D．would
23．If the ambulance had come here sooner last night, the patient ________now.
A．will be alive B．will have been alive C．would have been alive D．would be alive
24．This digital camera is of fine quality. If it ________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．would B．should C．could D．might
25．________it rain this afternoon, the football match would be put off till next Friday.
A．Were B．Should C．Would D．Will
26．Susan is going to deliver a speech about the culture of his country, but I’d rather she________ more on its education.
A．focus B．focused C．would focus D．had focused
27．But for your generous help, we ________ the task ahead of time.
A．would not fulfill B．would not have fulfilled
C．would fulfill D．would have fulfilled
28．________ his phone number yesterday, I would have called him up.
A．Should he know B．Were I to know C．Had I known D．Have I known
29．If you ________a few minutes earlier, you would have met the famous scientist.
A．had come B．have come C．were to come D．should come
30．My sister’s pale face suggested that she ________seriously ill, and my parents suggested that she ________ to see the doctor immediately.
A．was; go B．were; go C．be; went D．was; went
31．If you ________ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.
A．haven’t watched B．hadn’t watched C．didn’t watch D．wouldn’t have watched
32．The order came that all the small coal mines ________down in half a year.
A．would be closed B．should be closed C．must be closed D．would close
33．—Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—No, but I wish I ________.
A．will B．have C．did D．had
34．________the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A．Had it not been for B．If it were not C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for
35．________ what was going to happen next, I would never have left her alone.
A．Had I known B．If I know C．If I knew D．If had I known
36．My demand was that the information referred to in my report ________to Mr. Brown without delay.
A．should email B．emailed C．must be emailed D．be e-mailed
37．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he ________ everything.
A．knew B．knows C．has known D．had known
38．Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she ________ a few books on world history before hand.
A．hadn’t read B．hasn’t read C．wouldn’t have read D．didn’t read
39．Thomas can take his motor apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ________ me how.
A．teaches B．will teach C．has taught D．would teach
40．The new traffic law requires that everyone ________ his or her car checked at least once a year.
A．has B．had C．will have D．have
41．I insist that you ______ me my money back.
A．give B．to give C．giving D．would give
42．He recommended that she ________ her own future.
A．determined B．be determined C．determine D．determining
43．With the deadline drawing near, I am getting more and more anxious about the final exam. I started to review my lessons several days in advance, I wouldn't have burned the midnight oil last night.
A．If B．Had C．Should D．Were
44．She is so keen on using filters to beautify her selfies that she looks as if she________ten years younger.
A．was B．is C．has been D．were
45．Perhaps a settler would demand an Indian _________ off the settler’s land.
A．staying B．to stay C．stayed D．stay
46．I’d rather you ________tomorrow.
A．came B．come C．comes D．coming
47．______Tom hadn’t hurt his foot, he would won the race.
A．If B．Since C．Though D．When
48．I believe he ________ an accident, otherwise he ________ have arrived on time.
A．might have；would
B．should have had； should
C．could have； should
D．must have had； would
49．I’d rather you ________ her at the airport tomorrow morning.
A．met B．meet C．have met D．had met
50．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________.
A．was broken B．has broken C．were broken D．had been broken
51．The workers requested that their working conditions________.
A．must be improved B．be improved C．would be improved D．were improved
52．He looked as if he ________ ill for a long time.
A．was B．were C．has been D．had been
53．________ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
54．The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ________for that.
A．for us to be prepared B．that we are prepared
C．of us to be prepared D．our being prepared
55．It is recommended that the machine ______ once a year.
A．must be checked B．was checked C．is checked D．be checked
56．My advice is _______ he _____ to go abroad for further education.
A．that, chooses B．that, chose C．that, choose D．what, should choose
57．Some experts demanded that children ________ enough time for sleep and play.
A．give B．should give C．be given D．given
58．He _____ his potential had it not been for his desire to meet new challenges.
A．would never have realized B．would never realize
C．never realized D．had never realized
59．It’s recommended that you __________ to bed on time.
A．going B．go C．to go D．don’t go
60．Besides, it’s vital that you ________ your table manners.
A．minded B．mind C．to mind D．Minds
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查定语从句和虚拟语气。句意：正如习近平在中国共产党第20届全国代表大会上所说，我们必须讲好中国故事，传递好中国声音。第一个空引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，指代后面整个主句内容并在从句中作宾语，应用as；It is/was essential that从句，这个固定句型中，要求that从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语由“should do sth”构成，且should可以省略，故选C。
2．D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和虚拟语气。句意：学校顾问建议他弥补损失的时间。A. made of理解，看待；B. can make it能够成功；C. making up组成，编造，化妆；D. make up for弥补。recommend后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为（should）+动词原形，结合句意可知，此处指“弥补”损失的时间，make up for符合题意。故选D。
3．A
【详解】考查时态和语态以及虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他身体很好，并且坚持被派去那里工作。第一空：insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时其后宾语从句用陈述语气，主句用的一般过去时，此处也用一般过去时；第二空：insist意为“坚持”时其后从句用虚拟语气，采用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可省略，主语he和sent之间是被动关系，用被动语态，应是be sent。故选A项。
4．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：志新中学要求每个学生都要全身心地投入到学习中去。表达“投身于……，投入”用devote oneself to...，It is demanded that… 要求……，这种结构的主语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。故选D。
5．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：海伦建议把我送去接受进一步的教育。recommend意为“建议”，其后的that从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，“我”是被送去接受教育，因此空格处用should be done，其中should可省略，因此空格处是(should) be sent to，故选D。
6．A
【详解】考查主语从句和虚拟语气。句意：建议每个学生每天至少锻炼30分钟。it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。
7．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议将日期提前两天。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，句中的recommend意为“建议”，所以后面that从句中的谓语动词应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且从句的主语the date和谓语动词advance之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选B项。
8．B
【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是advised后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，advise是“建议”的意思，从句谓语要用should do的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，从句主语he和谓语动词send是被动关系，要用被动结构(should) be done；第二个空是insisted后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，insisted是“坚持说”的意思，从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语then，谓语要用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。故选B。
9．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反用would+do/be。故选B。
10．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医院里所有的医生都坚持认为他伤势严重，坚决主张应该立即给他动手术。insist表示“坚持认为、坚持说”时，其引导的从句，表示已经发生或已经存在的状态，用陈述语序；insist表示“坚决要求、坚决主张”时，从句用虚拟语气。第一个空格处指“坚持认为”，需用陈述语气，时态为一般过去时；第二个空格处指“坚决主张”需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，主语he与动词operate之间为被动，需用被动语态。故选C项。
11．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的教授建议我先学习古典技法，建立扎实的技术功底。根据句意和句中的动词recommend可知，该题是考查insist, order, command, advise, suggest, recommend, require, request, demand, desire等动词（一坚持二命令三建议四要求）后接宾语从句，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选D项。
12．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我认为把汤姆分配到这项工作是不明智的，因为他没有经验。A.will be assigned将被分配；B. be assigned被分配；C. should assign应该分配；D. can be assigned可以被分配。由语意可知，他没有工作经验，因此不建议将工作分配给他。此处考查固定句型It is advisable that...，意为“建议……”，从句谓语用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省，而主语Tom与谓语assign之间是被动关系，故应用should be done结构。故选B项。
13．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果把筷子的一部分放在水里，看起来就像断了一样。根据句意可知，as if从句中的内容表示与事实相反，所以应该用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。故选C项。
14．D
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：我多么希望当我感到困惑我有人可以寻求建议。wish后的宾语从句，用虚拟语气，根据when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时可知，从句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。故选D。
15．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。此处otherwise的意思是“否则，要不然的话”，结合前文“We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time”,可知句子用虚拟语气，表示与过去已发生的事实相反的假设，所以谓语部分用would have done，此处填would have given。故选D。
16．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你提前告诉我，我就会去机场接你了。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/would have done，从句用过去完成时。故选C。
17．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一些动物有灭绝的危险，所以是时候采取一些措施来保护濒危动物了。It is high time that....表示“是该做某事的时候了”，从句谓语用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”，should不能省略，因此空格处是took，故选B。
18．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：如果昨天做了核酸检测，我就不会被限制出行了。分析句子结构以及句意可知，该句为if引导的虚拟语气句型，结合时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此条件状语从句原句应为“If I had taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test”，又因从句中有助动词had，可以省略连词if，将助动词had置于句首，改为“Had I taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test”，同时，主句中用“情态动词+现在完成时”。故选A项。
19．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议建造一所现代化医院。recommend表示建议，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略，且build与hospital构成被动关系。故选B。
20．C
【详解】考查连词和谓语动词。句意：老生常谈所说的“你应该把每一天都当作你的最后一天”这句话仍然是真的。空1：根据句意可知，此处意为“好像”，应用连词as if；空2：本句中the old saying做主语，为第三人称单数，空处谓语动词，prove通常不用被动语态，且此处陈述事实，故应用一般现在时的主动语态。故选C。
21．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我已经告诉珍妮关于新房子的真相了。——但是我宁愿你没有告诉她。根据句意可知，I’d rather that...从句中的内容表示与过去事实相反，所以应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用过去完成时had done，hadn’t后面省略了told Jenny the truth about the new house。故选B项。
22．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——莉莉今天看起来很燥热。——如果你发这么高的烧，你也会的。根据句意可知，第二个人说的话是与现在事实相反的假设，所以，应该用虚拟语气，同时空格处又是该句子的主句，谓语动词应该用would do。故选D项。
23．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果救护车昨晚早点来的话，病人现在可能还活着。由语意可知，昨晚救护车来得晚了一些，所以病人没有得到及时救治，因此现在病人没有得救。本句是错综条件句，主句与现在事实相反，故用would/could do结构，故应为would be alive。故选D项。
24．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这架数码相机质量很好。如果在一年内坏了，我们将免费修理。根据句意可知，该题是考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。if虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去式或were to do或should+动词原形。故选B项。
25．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果今天下午下雨，足球赛将推迟到下星期五。根据句意和句中的would可知，该题是考查的是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，逗号前面应该是一个虚拟条件句if it should rain this afternoon。在if引导的虚拟条件句中如果有should，可以将if省略，同时将should提到句首构成倒装。故选B项。
26．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：苏珊将发表一个关于他的国家文化的演讲，但我宁愿她专注于更多关于教育的演讲。I would rather that...后接从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在或将来事实相反均用一般过去时。该句与将来事实相反，应用一般过去时。故选B项
27．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的慷慨帮助，我们是不会提前完成任务的。根据句意可知，该题中的but for是隐含含蓄条件的介词短语，其意义为“要不是，如果没有”，根据句意可知，该句子表示和过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句的谓语动词应该用would/could have done，所以先排除A项和C项；但是根据句意，主句应该用否定句，所以D项不对。故选B项。
28．C
【详解】考查非真实条件句中if的省略。句意：要是我昨天知道他的电话号码的话，我就会打电话给他了。根据句意以及I would have called her up可知本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以设空处所在句子应为if引导的虚拟条件句if I had known his phone number yesterday。if虚拟条件句省略if时，把were，had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装，所以此空应该填Had I known。故选C。
29．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你早几分钟到，你就会见到那位著名的科学家。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/would have done，从句用过去完成时。故选A。
30．A
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：我妹妹苍白的脸色表明她病得很重，我父母建议她马上去看医生。suggest表示“暗示，表明”，后接从句应用陈述语气。陈述过去事实，用一般过去时；表示“建议”时，从句用should+动词原形，should可省。故选A。
31．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你昨晚没有看那部晚场电影，你现在就不会这么困了。由语意可知，之所以你感到困，是因为你昨晚看了夜场电影，由此可知如果你没有看，你就不会困。本句是错综时间条件句，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时，即had done结构。故选B项。
32．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：命令规定半年内关闭所有小煤矿。order, advice, command等表示“建议”类名词与that从句连用，从句用虚拟语气，且用should+动词原形。故选B项。
33．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——你去过长城吗？——没有，但我希望我有。I wish...从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。had后面承前省略了been to the Great Wall。故选D项。
34．D
【详解】考查条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法。句意：要不是因为这些云的话，你很容易就能在空中找到那架飞机。这里的“要不是因为这些云的话”是一种与现在事实相反的假设，故用一般过去时，A、C项都是过去完成时，应排除；即为if it were not for，这里是省略了if将be动词提前，从句倒装。故选D项。
35．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我知道接下来会发生什么，我绝不会丢下她一个人。本句是省略了if的条件句，且表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。使用if省略，把had提到从句主语之前，故选A。
36．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的要求是，我报告中提到的资料应立即用电子邮件寄给布朗先生。根据句意分析句子可知，was后面是一个表语从句，空格处是该表语从句的谓语部分，而英语中demand, advice, proposal, suggestion等名词跟表语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应该用should do，should可以省略，所以排除B项和C项；从句的主语the information和动词e-mail之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选D项。
37．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那个年轻人。他说起话来总是好像什么都知道似的。分析句子，句中as though意为“似乎，好像”，后面的内容表示与现在事实相反，即对现在的虚拟，故用一般过去时。故选A。
38．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果琳达没有预先读过几本关于世界历史的书，她就不能这么轻易地回答这个问题了。由句意和上文的couldn't have answered可知，此处是if引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。
39．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：托马斯可以把他的马达拆开再组装起来。我真希望他能教我怎么做。在wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示对将来的愿望应用would/could/might do。故选D。
40．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：新的交通法规要求每个人每年至少检查一次他或她的车。require后面的宾语从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，因此空格处是动词原形have，故选D。
41．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我坚持你把钱还给我。insist后的宾语从句，表示未发生的动作，根据句意可知，此处表示“坚持要求”，应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选A项。
42．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议她应该决定自己的未来。句中recommend为动词，意为“建议”，后接宾语从句的时，谓语动词用 should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。同时determine意为“决定”。故用determine。故选C。
43．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：随着最后期限的临近，我越来越担心期末考试。如果我提前几天开始复习功课，我昨天晚上就不会熬夜了。分析句意可知，如果我提前几天开始复习的话，昨晚就不会熬夜了，事实上“我”并没有提前几天开始复习，属于虚拟语气。根据句中“started to review my lessons several days in advance”以及后面的“I wouldn't have burned the midnight oil last night.”可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，故从句谓语结构应用过去完成时had done。此外，If型虚拟语气中，if从句中如果含有were、had、should等词时，if可以省略，但省略if后需把were、had、should等词提到主语前，变为倒装句式。结合题干和选项可知，此处考查的正是if型虚拟语气的省略与倒装，设空处应用Had。故选B项。
44．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她热衷于用滤镜美化自拍，看起来好像年轻了十岁。结合语境可知，as if引导的表语从句表示与现在相反的事实，应用一般过去时，be动词常用were。故选D。
45．D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：也许殖民者会要求印第安人远离他们的土地。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词demand，后接从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，demand sb. to do sth. 是错误结构，demand后不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。故选D项。
46．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你明天来。would rather意为“宁愿”，后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。和将来相反的情况，用一般过去式，故选came。故选A。
47．A
【详解】考查状语从句和虚拟语气。句意：如果汤姆没有摔到他的脚，他会赢得比赛。由题意可知，此处应用 if 引导非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反的一种假设；since 表示原因或时间；though表示让步；when表示时间，都不符合句意。故选A。
48．D
【详解】考查情态动词用法和虚拟语气。句意：我相信他肯定遇到意外事件了，否则他会按时到的。第一空根据“otherwise he ________ have arrived on time”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式；第二空，根据otherwise可知，此处使用虚拟语气与过去事实相反，使用would have done。故选D。
49．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你明天早上去机场接她。would rather后宾语从句用虚拟语气。 根据tomorrow morning.可知，与将来事实相反，用一般过去时。故选A。
50．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当铅笔的一部分浸在盛水的玻璃杯中的时候，铅笔看上去好像断了。分析句子可知，as if引导的从句内容与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。由句意可知，铅笔看起来好像断了，但实际上铅笔并未断，上文陈述的也是现在事实，所以此处与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时态，be动词要用were。故选C项。
51．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们要求改善他们的工作条件。根据题干中的requested可知，表示建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中应该用虚拟语气，所以此处应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，再分析句意应该用被动语态，所以用should be improved且should可以省略。故选B项。
52．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他看上去好像病了很长时间。根据句意及句中的looked可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故选D项。
53．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。A.Because of由于，因为；B.In spite of 尽管；C.In case of以防，万一；D.But for 要不是，but for通常用于含蓄条件句中，相当于if条件句的用法，主句中使用虚拟语气。根据后句“we should have reached our school（我们本应该到了学校）”可知，要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。故选D。
54．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气及固定句式。句意：开幕式是一个伟大的时刻。我们必须为此做好准备。A.for us to be prepared让我们做好准备；B.that we are prepared我们准备好了；C.of us to be prepared我们要做好准备；D.our being prepared我们做好准备。虚拟语气用于主语从句中，it is essential+that从句，从句的谓语动词应用（should）+动词原形，should可省略。故选项B不对；固定句式：it is+形容词+of/for sb +to do sth.而essential后面应用for。故选A。
55．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议每年对机器进行一次检查。根据句型和句意可知，这里考查it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用虚拟语气， 动词形式为（should)+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。故选D项。
56．C
【详解】考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是他应该选择出国深造。chooses选择；第一个设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成份，应用只起连接作用的that；在advice后的表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语构成是“should+动词原形”should可省略，故第二个设空处应为(should) choose。故选C。
57．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一些专家要求给孩子们足够的时间睡觉和玩耍。动词demand后接that从句时，从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略，孩子们和给时间是被动关系，用be+过去分词。故选C。
58．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他渴望迎接新的挑战，他就不会实现他的潜能。分析句子结构可知，本句考查if引导的条件句的虚拟，省略if倒装的情况，根据语法规则可知，从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词应用would have done；分析本句可知，空格处应为主句谓语部分且表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选A。
59．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议你按时睡觉。句型It’s recommended that+虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选B。
60．B
【详解】考查动词虚拟语气。句意：此外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是很重要的。分析可知，vital 后that引导的从句要用虚拟语气，即“It’s vital that 主语 + (should) do”句型， should 可以省略，故谓语动词应用动词原形。故选B项。