上海高考英语汉译英专项练习（含解析）
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汉译英（整句）
1．我们永远不要羡慕别人的幸福因为幸福要靠我们自己创造。(efforts) (汉译英)
2．地震发生后，志愿者们不怕危险第一时间赶到现场开展救援救生命的工作。(Hardly) (汉译英)
3．进入会场，请自行调节手机音量至合适的状态。(when)(汉译英)
4．火遍大江南北的各直播(live streaming) 平台将众多用户们打造成了“分享达人”，他们在不侵犯他人隐私的情况下分享自己的所见所闻，形成了独特的网络文化现象。(who) （汉译英）
5．很多业余运动员们参加极限运动不是为了激发自己的潜能，而是为了缓解生活的无聊。(engage) （汉译英）
6．让新任市长欣慰的是，得益于针对性的措施和高效率的管理，市民们的生活恢复成了过去的样子。(relief) （汉译英）
7．博物馆推出的这些活动，在满足人们多样的需求的同时，也让传统文化火起来、潮起来。(not only) (汉译英)
8．此刻，我不想让妈妈为我的就业问题担心。(bother)(汉译英)
9．公共场所的色彩与设计会对社会产生不容忽视的影响。（impact）(汉译英)
10．“买一送一”是常见的促销手段，但赠品质量却往往不尽如人意。（far from）(汉译英)
11．母亲的话让我相信，在生活中无论遇到什么苦难都不能半途而废。(convince) (汉译英)
12．中国在新能源领域方面的迅猛发展，为其赢得牵头制定新型电力系统国际标准的机会。(win) (汉译英)
13．她刚一宣布完获奖名单，泪水便夺眶而出。(No sooner) (汉译英)
14．她坚决要求出席所有的采访。(insist)(汉译英)
15．新冠疫情 (COVID-19) 爆发时，他目睹了医生们的临危不惧，舍己为人，这让他立志当一名医生。(which)(汉译英)
16．他有能力处理各种棘手的事情，我们都愿意和他共事。(capable)(汉译英)
17．出于好奇，我向村民打听了新邻居的职业。(curiosity)(汉译英)
18．频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件是全球变暖日趋严重的有力证据。（that）(汉译英)
19．这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（occur）(汉译英)
20．究竟是什么使她在本届冬奥会上创造了奇迹？(强调句) (汉译英)
21．虽然现在越来越多的人会使用电脑来输入文字，但我希望手写永远能有其一席之地。(although) (汉译英)
22．阅读能激发孩子们的想象力、创造力，还能帮助他们认识世界，形成对于人生、对于未来的基本态度。(not only) (汉译英)
23．你不该把你的未来寄托在任何一个人的承诺上。(base)(汉译英)
24．切莫歧视残疾人，否则你将受到法律惩处。（subject）(汉译英)
25．无论手头的事情多么重要或微不足道，我们都应该谨慎对待我们做的每一个决定，因为失之毫厘，差以千里。(difference) (汉译英)
26．正是因为强烈的爱国主义情怀让这位生物学家在面对形形色色、难以抵制的名利诱惑时，毅然决然地选择回国效力。(It) (汉译英)
27．经过一系列调查，一支乱扔的烟被指为这场火灾的罪魁祸首。(blame)(汉译英)
28．虽然网络上小视频广为流传，但鲜有兼具知识性和艺术性的原创作品。(as) (汉译英)
29．有些人习惯把运动与健康绝对地联系起来，这在某种程度上是不对的。(sentence) (汉译英)
30．法律面前人人平等，所以凡是犯法的人都必须受到惩罚。(break) (汉译英)
31．只有青年一代乐于承担责任，我们国家才有前途。(Only) (汉译英)
32．这个村庄位于山间，这使得普通的车辆很难到达那里。(inaccessible)(汉译英)
33．他的心情太糟了，听他最喜爱的歌曲都不能让他高兴点。(Such)(汉译英)
34．正如公民媒体领域的专家所告诫，无论新闻标题多么吸睛，如果报道的内容经不起推敲或完全无中生有，那么将追究作者的责任。(however) (汉译英)
35．“每月一测”的制度适用于所有考生。(basis)(汉译英)
36．这部电影，还原生活，它提醒观众们幸福来之不易。(remind) (汉译英)
37．海啸袭击后，市长第一时间赶赴现场，部署各部门救援工作，为了一切能尽快恢复正常。(Hardly) (汉译英)
38．网上买菜小程序服务周到，价格实惠，难怪广受好评。(characterize) (汉译英)
39．实验结果与我们所期望的大相径庭，但我们相信探索越多，就越可能成功。(likely) (汉译英)
40．世间万物都有名称，每个名称都会催生一种新的思想。(birth) (汉译英)
41．有那么些时候，我必须把事情分出轻重缓急，这样才不至于茫然不知所措。(There) （汉译英）
42．正是神舟12号载人太空飞行任务的成功，为国家空间站的继续建设和运行打下了坚实基础。(It) （汉译英）
43．人们以为大学毕业生很好找工作，实则不然。(trouble) （汉译英）
44．从一个喜欢上海历史的市民的角度来说，这个地区就是将这座近代迅速崛起的城市与传统中国文化相连接的桥梁。(perspective) （汉译英）
45．气候变化的影响远超想象，由此引发的自然灾害日益频繁地成为头条新闻。(result) （汉译英）
46．本次艺术展是见证两国友谊的一场重要文化盛事。(witness) （汉译英）
47．他的电影是由人物而不是由故事出发。(base) （汉译英）
48．这位诺贝尔获得者的研究成果可靠地预测了全球变暖，使人们认识到气候变化问题的紧迫性，更加重视节能减排。(which) (汉译英)
49．产品设计者的主要挑战在于如何使产品在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出，吸引更多用户。(appeal) (汉译英)
50．这个小男孩凝视着夜空，想象着自己成为一名航天员在中国空间站里工作的情景。(gaze) (汉译英)
51．只需用上几个收纳小妙招就能让你拥有双倍的空间和更好的采光。 （汉译英）
52．很遗憾，我们店里这款鞋子没有你要的尺码。(available) （汉译英）
53．女王的离世标志着一个时代(era)的终结。在她的葬礼前，电视台播放了以女王名义提前制作的纪录片，回顾她96年的漫长人生。(mark, whose) (汉译英)
54．只有求同存异，一个团队才能凝聚力量，和谐发展。(Only) (汉译英)
55．那位名人对于经济发展前景的看法结果是相互矛盾的。(turn out) (汉译英)
56．中秋节晚餐时，父亲提议为家人的健康干杯。(toast n.)(汉译英)
57．参加了军训我们才懂得一个道理：毅力、纪律和团队精神都是导致成功的关键因素。(Not until) (汉译英)
58．正是在这家新开的饭店里有人目击嫌疑犯实施犯罪。(It)(汉译英)
59．互联网上的教育资源非常丰富，热爱学习的人可以免费获得各种课程。(access) (汉译英)
60．四分之一的受访学生承认过马路时因手机分心。(distract) (汉译英)
61．这些创意、暖心的视频让我们明白：即使病毒的爆发要求我们隔离，我们仍然有一种惺惺相惜的感觉。(reminder) (汉译英)
62．和人们认为的不一样的是，很多发达国家也搞应试教育。(contrary) (汉译英)
63．博物馆展览的展品见证了埃及的农业文明. (witness n.)(汉译英)
64．手机支付越来越普及，却给老眼昏花又不能熟练使用智能手机的老人造成了诸多不便。(despite) （汉译英）
65．过去几十年，人们对国外潮流趋之若鹜，但如今，他们开始对茶道，古诗词这样的传统文化越来越感兴趣了。(see) （汉译英）
66．在这样一个特殊的时期，你怎么会在开会时忘记带口罩了 (How come)（汉译英）
67．在上海的其他任何地方你都找不到味道比这里更纯正的意大利餐馆了。(Nowhere) （汉译英）
68．我能在自己的专业领域为中西方文化交流做出贡献，已经感到十分满足。(satisfy) (汉译英)
69．在村民们的共同努力下，这个曾经的贫困村面貌焕然一新，脱贫取得显著成效。(With) （汉译英）
70．表姐过去积极参加所有的跑步比赛，但现在她已经放弃了跑步。(give) (汉译英)
71．赶紧拖一下地板上的水，以免有人滑倒。(in case)（汉译英）
72．那个曾经一贫如洗的小山村近几年发展迅猛。(witness) （汉译英）
73．他突然想到这款手机应用上能够点到家乡菜，于是毫不犹豫下了单，以解思乡之愁。（It…）（汉译英）
74．比起第一个版本，这一版更详尽且生动。 (compare)（汉译英）
75．烛光和剪纸的交融构成了传统灯笼之美。（lie）（汉译英）
76．那年夏天，我和小学同学结伴在庐山骑行，我们有一度看到山巅近在咫尺，然而它实则遥不可及。(once) （汉译英）
77．湛蓝天空映衬着雪白的梨花，景色美丽独特，吸引着络绎不绝的游客。(attract) （汉译英）
78．研究表明饲养宠物有助于人的心理健康和性格培养。(contribute) （汉译英）
79．姐姐在性格上与妹妹截然不同。（differ）（汉译英）
80．对铁路迷来说，没有什么比看着窗外飞快略过的风景更棒。(gaze v.) （汉译英）
参考答案：
1．We should never envy the happiness of others because happiness depends on our own efforts.
【详解】考查动词、名词和短语。分析句意可知，本句是陈述一般事实，所以时态可用一般现在时；表示“永远不要”可用副词never；表示“羡慕”可用动词envy，可与should连用作谓语；表示“别人的幸福”可用短语the happiness of others，作宾语；表示“因为”用连词because，引导原因状语从句；在从句中表示“幸福”用名词happiness，作主语，表示“依靠”可用短语depend on，作谓语，因为主语happiness是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式depends on；表示“我们自己创造”可用短语our own efforts。故答案为We should never envy the happiness of others because happiness depends on our own efforts。
2．Hardly had the earthquake happened when volunteers were not afraid of danger and rushed to the scene to carry out rescue work.
【详解】考查倒装句。“地震发生”翻译为the earthquake happened；“志愿者们”翻译为volunteers；“不怕危险”翻译为be not afraid of danger；“赶到现场”翻译为rush to the scene；“开展救援生命的工作”可用动词不定式表达为赶到现场的目的，故翻译为to carry out the rescue work。根据句意可知，此处可用hardly...when...句型，意为“一……就……”，hardly位于句首，为固定的倒装句，句型为：hardly had +主语+done...when+主语+did，故翻译为：Hardly had the earthquake happened when volunteers were not afraid of danger and rushed to the scene to carry out rescue work.
3．When you enter the venue, please adjust the volume of the mobile phone to the appropriate state.
【详解】考查时态。句子描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，“进入会场”即“当你进入会场的时候”，应用when引导时间状语从句，从句主语“你”you，谓语“进入”enter，主语是you，谓语动词使用原形形式，后接宾语“会场”the venue，主句为省略主语you的祈使句，将动词原形至于句首，“请”please，“调节”adjust，后接宾语“手机音量”the volume of the mobile phone，“至合适的状态”to the appropriate state。故翻译为When you enter the venue, please adjust the volume of the mobile phone to the appropriate state.
4．Live streaming platforms across China have turned numerous users into “sharing masters”, who share what they have seen without invading others’ privacy, forming a unique cultural phenomenon on the Internet.
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词、宾语从句和定语从句。live streaming直播；turn ... into ...把……变成……；sharing master分享达人；invade privacy侵犯隐私；on the Internet在互联网上。句中先行词为sharing masters，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。动词share后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what连接；句中已有谓语动词，所以用现在分词作结果状语。主句强调过去的动作持续到现在，所以用现在完成时。定语从句陈述现在事实，所以用一般现在时。宾语从句中强调过去的动作持续到现在，所以同样用现在完成时。根据句意，故翻译为Live streaming platforms across China have turned numerous users into “sharing masters”, who share what they have seen without invading others’ privacy, forming a unique cultural phenomenon on the Internet.
5．A number of amateur athletes engage in extreme sports not to stimulate their potential but to relieve the boredom of their life.
【详解】考查名词，动词短语和不定式。主语是很多业余运动员们，译为“a number of amateur athletes”，谓语参加，译为“engage in”，宾语极限运动，译为“extreme sports”，为了，用不定式作状语，不是而是，用“not...but...”连接两个并列的不定式，激发自己的潜能，译为“ stimulate one’s potential”，缓解生活的无聊，译为“relieve the boredom of one's life”，再结合其他汉语意思。故翻译为A number of amateur athletes engage in extreme sports not to stimulate their potential but to relieve the boredom of their life.
6．To the relief of the newly-appointed mayor, benefiting from the targeted measures and the highly-efficient governance, the life of the citizens is restored to what it used to be.
【详解】考查介词短语、非谓语动词、动词时态语态和宾语从句。“让某人欣慰的是”用介词短语to the relief of表示，“新任市长”翻译为the newly-appointed mayor，“得益于”是benefit from，和句子主语“市民生活恢复”是逻辑主动关系，用现在分词形式，“针对性的措施和高效率的管理”翻译为the targeted measures and the highly-efficient governance，主语“市民们的生活”是the life of the citizens，“恢复”restore是谓语动词，和主语是被动关系，表示现在用一般现在时的被动语态，表达“到（程度）”用介词to，其后跟宾语从句，“过去的样子”是what it used to be，what在宾语从句中作表语。故翻译为To the relief of the newly-appointed mayor, benefiting from the targeted measures and the highly-efficient governance, the life of the citizens is restored to what it used to be.
7．These activities launched by the museum not only meet people’s diverse needs, but also make traditional culture more popular and fashionable.
【详解】考查非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致和形容词。“博物馆推出的这些活动”是these activities launched by the museum，“在……的同时，也……”是not only...but also...，句子时态用一般现在时，“满足人们多样的需求”是meet people’s diverse needs，“让传统文化火起来、潮起来”是make traditional culture more popular and fashionable，因此整句话翻译为“These activities launched by the museum not only meet people’s diverse needs, but also make traditional culture more popular and fashionable”。故答案为These activities launched by the museum not only meet people’s diverse needs, but also make traditional culture more popular and fashionable.
8．I don’t want to bother my mother with my employment at the moment.
【详解】考查时态。讲述现状，时态用一般现在时，“想做某事”译为“want to do sth.”，“用某事烦扰某人”意为“bother sb. with sth.”，“此刻”译为“at the moment”，结合其它汉语提示，故译为：I don’t want to bother my mother with my employment at the moment.
9．The colour and design of public places will have an impact on society that cannot be ignored.
【详解】考查时态、情态动词的被动和定语从句。主语是“公共场所的色彩与设计”表示为the colour and design of public places，谓语是“对社会产生影响”表示为have an impact on society，表示将来发生的动作，用一般将来时，先行词是impact，在定语从句中作主语，从句中that作主语指代“影响”impact和谓语“忽视”ignore是被动关系，“不容忽视”是情态动词的否定加be done表示，故翻译为The colour and design of public places will have an impact on society that cannot be ignored.
10．“Buy one and get one free” is a common means of promotion, but the quality of those gifts is often far from satisfactory.
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“买一送一”是Buy one and get one free，“常见的促销手段”是a common means of promotion，前面be动词用is，“赠品质量”是the quality of those gifts，“却往往不尽如人意”是is often far from satisfactory，因此整句话翻译为““Buy one and get one free” is a common means of promotion, but the quality of those gifts is often far from satisfactory”。故答案为“Buy one and get one free” is a common means of promotion, but the quality of those gifts is often far from satisfactory.。
11．Mother’s words convince me that no matter what suffering I encounter, I can not give up halfway.
【详解】考查动词、短语和从句。表示“母亲的话”应用mother’s words，在句中作主语；表示“相信”应用动词convince，在句中作谓语；表示“苦难”为名词suffering，表示“无论遇到什么”为 no matter what，为让步状语从句的引导词，表示“遇到”应用encounter，在 no matter what引导的让步状语从句充当谓语，表示“在生活中无论遇到什么苦难都不能半途而废”为 no matter what suffering I encounter, I can not give up halfway，充当convince的宾语，句子成分完整，应用that引导，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Mother’s words convince me that no matter what suffering I encounter, I can not give up halfway.
12．China’s rapid development in the new energy sector has won it the opportunity to lead the development of international standards for new power systems.
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“迅猛发展”应用名词短语rapid development在句子中做主语，表示“为其赢得机会”短语为win it the opportunity;表示“牵头”动词为lead; 根据句意可知本句应使用现在完成时。故翻译为China’s rapid development in the new energy sector has won it the opportunity to lead the development of international standards for new power systems。
13．No sooner had she announced awards list than tears burst into her eyes.
【详解】考查动词、短语和倒装句。表示“一……就……”应用固定句型no sooner...than...；表示“宣布”为动词announce，在句中作谓语；表示“获奖名单”为名词 awards list。表示“泪水便夺眶而出”为 burst into，分析句子的结构可知，否定词置于句首应为部分倒装句，结构为：be动词/助动词/情态动词置于主语之前，no sooner后面的主句应该使用过去完成时，than后面的句子使用一般过去时。故翻译为No sooner had she announced awards list than tears burst into her eyes.
14．She insisted on attending all the interviews.
【详解】考查动词短语、动名词和时态。表示“坚决要求”应用动词短语insist on；表示“出席所有采访”动词短语为attend all the interviews；作动词短语insist on的宾语应使用动名词attending；根据句意可知本句应使用一般过去时。故翻译为She insisted on attending all the interviews。
15．During the outbreak of COVID-19, he witnessed doctors’ fearless response in the face of danger and their willingness to sacrifice themselves for others, which made him make up his mind to become a doctor.
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；表示“爆发”应用名词outbreak，“新冠疫情爆发时”应为during the outbreak of COVID-19，表示“目睹”应用动词witness，表示“临危不惧”应用形容词fearless，表示“舍己为人”应用短语sacrifice themselves for others，句子要用一般过去时，表示“他目睹了医生们的临危不惧，舍己为人”应为表示he witnessed doctors’ fearless response in the face of danger and their willingness to sacrifice themselves for others，“励志做某事”表达为make up one's mind to do sth.，“这让他立志成为一名医生”应用非限制性定语从句which made him make up his mind to become a doctor，用提示词which引导并指代前文提到的句子。故翻译为During the outbreak of COVID-19, he witnessed doctors’ fearless response in the face of danger and their willingness to sacrifice themselves for others, which made him make up his mind to become a doctor.
16．He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，形容词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“他”应用代词he；表示“有能力”应用短语be capable of；表示“处理”应用动词短语deal with；表示“各种”应用形容词different；表示“棘手的”应用形容词tough；表示“事情”应用名词problem的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“我们”应用代词we；表示“都”应用代词all；表示“愿意”应用短语be willing to do；表示“和……共事”应用动词短语work with；表示“他”应用代词的宾格him，作宾语；“他有能力处理各种棘手的事情”和“我们都愿意和他共事”是因果关系，所以用连词so来连接。这句话描述的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
17．Out of curiosity, I asked villagers about the career of the new neighbor.
【详解】考查短语和时态。out of curiosity出于好奇；ask sb. about sth.某人打听关于某方面的事；the career of……的职业。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Out of curiosity, I asked villagers about the career of the new neighbor.
18．The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strong evidence that global warming is getting more serious.
【详解】考查同位语从句和固定短语。表示“频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件”短语为the frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year；表示“是有力证据”应用be strong evidence，为一般现在时。后跟that引导的同位语从句，表示“全球变暖日趋严重”翻译为global warming is getting more serious，为现在进行时。故翻译为The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strong evidence that global warming is getting more serious.
19．It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“某人没有想过做某事”应用It hasn’t occurred to sb. to do sth.；表示“洗包”应用wash the bag，后跟though引导的让步状语从句，表示“又脏又粘”翻译为it is sticky and dirty，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
20．What on earth was it that made her create a miracle at this Winter Olympics
【详解】考查时态和强调句型。本句可用强调句型的特殊疑问形式“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+剩余句子部分 ”表达，事情已经发生，时态用一般过去时，强调主语what，on earth (究竟)，make sb. do sth. (让某人做某事)，create a miracle (创造奇迹)，at this Winter Olympics (在本届冬奥会上)，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：What on earth was it that made her create a miracle at this Winter Olympics
21．Although more and more people are using computers to type words, I hope handwriting can always have its place.
【详解】考查让步状语从句，宾语从句。“虽然”译为although，引导让步状语从句；“越来越多的人”译为more and more people；“使用”译为use，分析句子语意可知，表示当下人们使用电脑的情况，所以应为现在进行时，主语为复数，故为are using；“计算机”译为computer，为可数名词，故为复数computers；“来输入文字”应为目的状语to type words；所以让步状语从句译为although more and more people are using computers to type words。“我希望”译为I hope，后接宾语从句，连接词that可省略；“手写”译为handwriting；“能够永远有”译为情态动词加动词原形can have，插入频度副词always；“一席之地”译为短语have one’s place，照应主语handwriting，应为have its place；所以主句译为I hope handwriting can always have its place。故翻译为Although more and more people are using computers to type words, I hope handwriting can always have its place.
22．Reading can not only stimulate children's imagination and creativity, but also help them to understand the world and form a basic attitude towards life and the future.
【详解】考查连词、动名词、动词、名词和短语。分析句意可知，本句的时态可用一般现在时，用not only……but also表示“不但……而且”来连接两个谓语动词；表示“阅读”用动名词reading，作主语，且位于句首的首字母要大写；表示“激发”和“帮助”用动词stimulate和help，作谓语，且用not only……but also来连接这两个动词；表示“孩子的想象力和创造力”可用名词短语children's imagination and creativity；表示“帮助某人做某事”可用固定搭配help sb to do sth；表示“认识世界”可用固定短语understand the world；表示“形成”可用动词form；表示“对……的基本态度”可用固定短语a basic attitude towards；表示“人生和未来”可用短语life and the future。故答案为Reading can not only stimulate children's imagination and creativity, but also help them to understand the world and form a basic attitude towards life and the future。
23．You shouldn’t base your future on the promises of any person.
【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语和名词。主语是you，谓语动词是“不应该把...寄托在”情态动词+动词原形，表示为should’t base...on，宾语是“你的未来”以及“任何一个人的承诺”表示为your future和the promises of any person.故翻译为You shouldn't base your future on the promises of any person.。
24．Don’t discriminate against the disabled, or you will be subjected to the law.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、冠词、连词。表达“切莫”为动词don’t，位于句首需要大写字母“D”；“歧视”为固定短语discriminate against；表示“残疾人”可以用定冠词the加形容词disabled表示一类人；or用于祈使句后表示结果，意为“否则”；根据句意中“将受到”可知，需要用一般将来时态；表示“受到……”可以用短语be subjected to。故翻译为Don’t discriminate against the disabled, or you will be subjected to the law.
25．No matter how significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference.##However significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference.
【详解】考查时态、让步状语从句，形容词短语、介词短语、定语从句和原因状语从句。陈述客观现象，谓语动词用一般现在时。“无论……多么……或……”表达为No matter how...or...或者however...or...，引导让步状语从句，how或however后接形容词；“手头的事情”表达为 the matter at hand，介词短语at hand为后置定语，修饰让步状语从句的主语the matter；“重要”表达为形容词significant，“微不足道”表达为形容词insignificant，都作为让步状语从句的表语。“谨慎对待”表达为形容词短语be cautious about，后接宾语“每一个决定”，可表达为名词every resolution；“我们做的”表达为we make，修饰every resolution，为限制性定语从句，先行词为物，且在从句中作宾语，关系代词that，也可省略，从句中用一般现在时，表经常性。“因为”表达为连接词because，引导原因状语从句；“失之毫厘，差以千里”，根据所给词difference，表达为one false step will make a great difference”，叙述一般真理可用情态动词will，后接动词短语make adifference，作宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：No matter how significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference./However significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference.
26．It was because of his strong patriotism that the biologist resolutely chose to return to China to work in the face of various and irresistible temptations of fame and fortune.
【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句型。because of因为；choose to do sth.选择做某事；return to返回；in the face of 面对；fame and fortune功名。强调句结构为It is/was +强调部分+that从句，本句强调because of his strong patriotism。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为It was because of his strong patriotism that the biologist resolutely chose to return to China to work in the face of various and irresistible temptations of fame and fortune.
27．After a series of investigations, a dropped cigarette was blamed for the fire．
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。a series of“一系列”；be blamed for“因……而受指责”。名词cigarette 与drop之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为：After a series of investigations, a dropped cigarette was blamed for the fire．
28．Widely as small videos are spread on the Internet, there are few original works with both knowledge and artistry.
【详解】考查名词、动词、时态和让步状语从句的倒装结构。根据中文提示可知，本句时态应用一般现在时，表示“虽然网络上小视频广为流传”可用Widely as small videos are spread on the Internet，其中as表“虽然”，在这里引导让步状语从句，使用部分倒装，结构为：副词+as+主语+动词；表示“鲜有兼具知识性和艺术性的原创作品”应用句子there are few original works with both knowledge and artistry，其中with both knowledge and artistry作定语，修饰前面名词works ，用few 表示“几乎没有”，故翻译为Widely as small videos are spread on the Internet, there are few original works with both knowledge and artistry。
29．Some people tend to associate exercise with health in an absolute manner, which is partly wrong.
【详解】考查动词短语，介词搭配和从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“有些人”译为some people；表示“习惯”译为“tend to do sth”；表示“把运动与健康联系起来”译为“associate exercise with health”；“绝对地”是修饰“联系”，修饰动词用副词，这里可以用介词搭配作副词的作用，译为“in an absolute manner”；“这在某种程度上是不对的”，“这”指代的是前面一整句话，所以用非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，用which，所以整句话翻译为：Some people tend to associate exercise with health in an absolute manner, which is partly wrong.
30．All are equal before the law, so whoever breaks the law shall be condemned/punished.
【详解】考查动词和主语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“法律面前人人平等”用All are equal before the law；表示“所以”用so；表示“凡是犯法的人”用 whoever breaks the law，whoever引导的是主语从句，breaks意为“违反”；表示“应该受到惩罚”用shall be condemned/punished，此处为情态动词的被动语态结构。故翻译为All are equal before the law, so whoever breaks the law shall be condemned/punished。
31．Only if/when the younger generations are ready to take/shoulder/assume responsibility can our country have a promising future/bright prospect.
【详解】考查时态、短语和部分倒装。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“只有青年一代乐于承担责任”可处理为only+if/when引导的条件/时间状语从句，且置于句首时主句要部分倒装；表达“乐于做某事”用be ready to do；表达“承担责任”用take/shoulder/assume responsibility；“我们国家才有前途”为主句，应部分倒装，将情态动词can置于主语our country“我们的国家”之前；“有前途”表达为have a promising future/bright prospect。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Only if/when the younger generations are ready to take/shoulder/assume responsibility can our country have a promising future/bright prospect.
32．The village is located among hills, which makes it inaccessible to ordinary cars.
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和定语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“这个村庄”是the village，“位于山间”是is located among hills，“这使得普通的车辆很难到达那里”用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句，“使得普通的车辆很难到达那里”是make it inaccessible to ordinary cars，which指代整个主句的内容，make用第三人称单数，因此整句话翻译为“The village is located among hills, which makes it inaccessible to ordinary cars”。故答案为The village is located among hills, which makes it inaccessible to ordinary cars.
33．Such a bad mood was he in that listening to his favorite songs was not able to cheer him up.
【详解】考查部分倒装，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，句子可理解为“他的心情如此糟，以至于听他最喜爱的歌曲都不能让他高兴点”，“如此……以至于……”是so/such...that...，“心情糟”是in a bad mood，“他的心情如此糟”是he was in such a bad mood，可将such放在句首，引起句子的部分倒装，变成Such a bad mood was he in，“听他最喜爱的歌曲”用动名词作主语，是listening to his favorite songs，其后谓语动词用单数，“不能让他高兴点”是was not able to cheer him up，因此整句话翻译为“Such a bad mood was he in that listening to his favorite songs was not able to cheer him up”。故答案为Such a bad mood was he in that listening to his favorite songs was not able to cheer him up.
34．As experts in the field of citizen media warn, however attractive the headlines are, the authors will be held accountable if the content cannot withstand scrutiny or leave nothing.
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、状语从句、名词、动词和形容词。陈述客观事实，句子使用一般现在时，表示“公民媒体”应用名词citizen media；表示“警告”应动词warn；表示“正如公民媒体领域的专家所告诫”用非限制定语从句as experts in the field of citizen media warn；表示“吸睛的”用形容词attractive；表示“新闻标题”用名词adline；表示“无论新闻标题多么吸睛”用让步状语从句however attractive the headlines are；表示“内容”用名词content；表示“经不起推敲”用短语cannot withstand scrutiny；表示“完全无中生有”用短语leave nothing；表示“负后责任的”用形容词accountable；表示“如果报道的内容经不起推敲或完全无中生有”用if the content cannot withstand scrutiny or leave nothing。故翻译为As experts in the field of citizen media warn, however attractive the headlines are, the authors will be held accountable if the content cannot withstand scrutiny or leave nothing。
35．The “monthly test” system is on the basis of all candidates.
【详解】考查名词和动词。分析句子，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“每月一测制度”用the “monthly test” system；表示“适用于”用be on the basis of sb；表示“所有考生”用all candidates，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为：The “monthly test” system is on the basis of all candidates。
36．This film, restoring life, reminds the audience that happiness has not come easily.
【详解】考查动词、非谓语和宾语从句。分析句子，句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“还原生活”用restore life，此处用现在分词作后置定语；表示“提醒观众……”用remind the audience that...其中that引导宾语从句；表示“幸福来之不易”用happiness has not come easily，此表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即使用现在完成时，故翻译为This film, restoring life, reminds the audience that happiness has not come easily。
37．Hardly had the tsunami hit when the mayor rushed to the scene and deployed rescue work from various departments to return to normal as soon as possible.
【详解】考查部分倒装和动词。分析句子，表示“一……就……”应该使用hardly+过去完成时+when+一般过去时，该结构中，表示否定意义的词hardly置于句首时，其所在的主句使用部分倒装；表示“袭击”用hit；表示“奔赴现场”用rush to the scene；表示“部署各部门救援工作”用deploy rescue work from various departments 其与前文构成并列结构，故使用and连接；表示“恢复正常”用return to normal，此处为不定式结构作状语；表示“尽可能”用as soon as possible。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Hardly had the tsunami hit when the mayor rushed to the scene and deployed rescue work from various departments to return to normal as soon as possible.
38．Online grocery apps/applications are characterized by thoughtful/considerate services and reasonable/ low prices. No wonder many people speak highly of them/they have received many good comments/they are largely welcomed.
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“网上买菜小程序”表达为online grocery apps/applications，作主语；“服务周到，价格实惠”是小程序的特点，表示“具有……的特征，以……为特征”用be characterized by；“服务周到”表达为thoughtful/considerate services；“价格实惠”表达为reasonable/ low prices；“难怪”用固定句型no wonder that...，that可省；“广受好评”可表达为 speak highly of/receive mang good comments/be largely welcomed。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Online grocery apps/applications are characterized by thoughtful/considerate services and reasonable/ low prices. No wonder many people speak highly of them/they have received many good comments/they are largely welcomed.
39．The result of the experiment is totally different from/contrary to what we expected, but we believe that the more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.
【详解】考查固定短语、从句和时态。表示“实验结果”短语为the result of the experiment；表示“大相径庭”短语为be totally different from/contrary to，后跟what引导的宾语从句，表示“我们所期望的”应用what we expect，为一般过去时；后跟but连接的并列句，主语为we，表示“相信”应用believe，后跟that引导的从句，表示“越……越……”应用the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“探索”应用explore，表示“可能成功”应用be likely to succeed，也可将likely看作副词，修饰谓语动词will succeed。故翻译为The result of the experiment is totally different from/contrary to what we expected, but we believe that the more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.
40．Everything on earth has a name and each name gives/ will give birth to a new thought.
【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语以及时态。表示“世间”应用短语on earth；表示“催生”应用动词短语give birth to；表示“思想”应用名词thought。分析句子可知，本句应用and连接的并列句结构，时态用一般现在时，表示“每个名称都会催生一种新的思想”也可用一般将来时。故翻译为：Everything on earth has a name and each name gives/ will give birth to a new thought.
41．There are times when I have to get priorities right/sort out priorities so that I won’t be at a loss about what to do.
【详解】考查时态、短语、固定句型和从句。句子陈述现在的情况，基础时态为一般现在时；“有那么些时候”可用固定句型there are times when...表达，when引导定语从句修饰times，“我必须把事情分出轻重缓急”为定语从句的主要内容，“不得不”表达为have to，“把事情分出轻重缓急”表达为get priorities right/sort out priorities；“这样才不至于茫然不知所措”处理为so that引导的结果状语从句，“不知所措”即“不知道该做什么”表达为be at a loss about what to do，该句描述将来的事情，用一般将来时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：There are times when I have to get priorities right/sort out priorities so that I won’t be at a loss about what to do.
42．It was the success of Shenzhou-12 manned spaceflight mission that laid a solid foundation for the continued construction and operation of the country’s space station.
【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句。句子陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。“神舟12号载人太空飞行任务的成功”为句子主语，“……的成功”表达为the sussess of，“神舟12号载人太空飞行任务”表达为 Shenzhou-12 manned spaceflight mission；“打下基础”表达为lay a foundation for，lay是谓语动词；“空间站的继续建设和运行”是介词for的宾语，表达为 the continued construction and operation of the country’s space station。本句对主语进行强调，用it was+主语+that+其他。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：It was the success of Shenzhou-12 manned spaceflight mission that laid a solid foundation for the continued construction and operation of the country’s space station.
43．It is (widely) believed that college graduates have no trouble in finding jobs, which is not true/not the case.
【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和时态。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“人们以为大学毕业生很好找工作”可用固定句型It is (widely) believed that...，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，“做某事没有麻烦”表达为have no trouble in doing sth.；“实则不然”理解为“事实并非如此/不是真的”处理为非限制性定语从句，先行词是上文整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，“并非如此/不是真的”表达为not true/not the case。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：It is (widely) believed that college graduates have no trouble in finding jobs, which is not true/not the case.
44．From the perspective of a citizen who is enthusiastic about Shanghai’s history, this area is a bridge connecting this rapidly rising modern city with traditional Chinese culture.
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、副词、固定搭配、定语从句和现在分词。“从……角度”可以翻译为from the perspective of；“市民”是citizen；“喜欢上海历史”可以翻译为be enthusiastic about Shanghai’s history；“喜欢上海历史的市民”可以用定语从句表示a citizen who is enthusiastic about Shanghai's history；“地区”是area；“桥梁”是bridge；“把……连接起来”是connect...with...；“这座近代迅速崛起的城市”可以翻译为this rapidly rising modern city；“传统中国文化”可以翻译为traditional Chinese culture；“连接……的桥梁”表示a bridge connecting...with...，现在分词作后置定语。故翻译为From the perspective of a citizen who is enthusiastic about Shanghai’s history, this area is a bridge connecting this rapidly rising modern city with traditional Chinese culture.
45．The impact of climate change is far beyond imagination, and the resulting natural disasters hit the headline more and more frequently.
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“气候变化的影响”短语为the impact of climate change，作主语；表示“远超想象”短语为be far beyond imagination；表示“由此引发的自然灾害”翻译为the resulting natural disasters；表示“日益频繁地成为头条新闻”翻译为hit the headline more and more frequently。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为The impact of climate change is far beyond imagination, and the resulting natural disasters hit the headline more and more frequently.
46．This art exhibition is an important cultural event that witnesses the friendship between the two countries.
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、短语和定语从句。“艺术展”可以翻译为art exhibition；“一场重要文化盛事”可以翻译为an important cultural event；“见证”可以用动词witness表示；“两国友谊”可以翻译为the friendship between the two countries；整个句子可以用一个主从复合句表示，其中用定语从句表示“见证……的盛事”an event that witnesses...。故翻译为This art exhibition is an important cultural event that witnesses the friendship between the two countries.
47．His films are based on characters rather than stories.
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，短语，连词和时态。考查“他的”应用形容词性物主代词his；考查“电影”应用名词film的复数形式，表示泛指；考查“人物”应用名词character的复数形式，表示泛指；考查“而不是”应用连词rather than；考查“故事”应用名词story的复数形式，表示泛指；考查“由出发”应用动词短语be based on；这句话说的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为His films are based on characters rather than stories.
48．The Nobel Prize winner’s research results reliably predicted global warming, which made people realize the urgency of climate change and pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction (saving energy and reducing emission).
【详解】考查定语从句和一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句叙述的动作发生在过去，所以时态用一般过去时。表示“这位诺贝尔获得者的研究成果”用the Nobel Prize winner’s research results，作句子的主语；表示“可靠地”用副词reliably，修饰谓语动词predicted，表示“全球变暖”用global warming，作宾语；所以主句为：The Nobel Prize winner’s research results reliably predicted global warming.，其余部分为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which，指代先行词research results，在从句中作主语，表示“使人们认识到气候变化问题的紧迫性”用made people realize the urgency of climate change，表示“更加重视节能减排”用pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction 或者saving energy and reducing emission，此处和前面的动作made people realize the urgency of climate change表示并列关系，所以用and连接，结合汉语，故翻译为：The Nobel Prize winner’s research results reliably predicted global warming, which made people realize the urgency of climate change and pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction (saving energy and reducing emission).
49．The major challenge for product designers is how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition and appeal to more consumers.
【详解】考查短语、一般现在时。表示“产品设计者的主要挑战”用the major challenge for product designers，作主语；本句表示的为一般性动作，所以时态用一般现在时，主语为单数，所以be动词用is，表示“如何使产品在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出”用“疑问词+ 不定式短语”作表语，即：how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition，表示“吸引更多用户”用appeal to more consumers，和前面how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition为并列关系，所以用and连接，结合汉语，故翻译为：The major challenge for product designers is how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition and appeal to more consumers.
50．The little boy gazed at the night sky, imagining himself as an astronaut working in the China’s Space Station.
【详解】考查一般过去时、现在分词作状语。表示“这个小男孩”用the little boy，作句子的主语；表示“凝视着夜空”用gaze at the night sky，因表示的为发生在过去的动作，所以谓语gaze用过去式gazed；表示“想象自己成为”用现在分词作状语，用imagining himself as；表示“一名航天员”用 an astronaut；表示“在中国空间站里工作”用work in the China’s Space Station，work作动词imagine的宾语，所以用动名词形式working，结合汉语，故翻译为：The little boy gazed at the night sky, imagining himself as an astronaut working in the China’s Space Station.
51．Just a few tips on how to incorporate can offer you double space and better lighting.
【详解】考查情态动词、短语、连词。表示“关于……的小妙招”用短语tips on；表示“如何收纳”用how to incorporate；表示“能”用can；表示“让你拥有”用 offer you；表示“双倍的空间”用 double space ；表示“和”用and；表示“更好的采光”用 better lighting；由情态动词can可知其后面动词用原形；句首单词首字母用大写；故填Just a few tips on how to incorporate can offer you double space and better lighting.
52．Unfortunately, the size you want isn’t available in our store.
【详解】考查定语从句和形容词。分析所给中文，可知，很遗憾做状语译为“Unfortunately”，根据题干知应该用available意为“可购得的”，所以主语为尺码译为“size”，你要的应该用定语从句修饰尺码译为“you want”，没有做谓语根据题干应译为“isn’t available”，我们店里译为“in our store”。故译为：Unfortunately, the size you want isn’t available in our store.
53．The death of the Queen marked the end of an era, before whose funeral TV stations broadcast a documentary / documentaries already made / made in advance in Queen’s honour / in honour of the Queen / in the name of the Queen to look back on/ to/ review her long life of 96 years / as a review of her long life of 96 years.
【详解】考查时态、定语从句、非谓语动词和介词短语。“女王的离世”作主语，表示为The death of the Queen，标志用mark，表示过去的事用一般过去时，“一个时代的终结”作宾语，表示为the end of an era，先行词是Queen，在定语从句中作定语，用whose引导，“以女王名义”表示in Queen’s honour或in honor of the Queen或in the name of the Queen ，表示目的用动词不定式形式或介词短语as a review of，“回顾”look back on/ review ，“她96年的漫长人生”表示为her long life of 96 years.故翻译为The death of the Queen marked the end of an era, before whose funeral TV stations broadcast a documentary / documentaries already made / made in advance in Queen’s honour / in honour of the Queen / in the name of the Queen to look back on/ to/ review her long life of 96 years / as a review of her long life of 96 years.
54．Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously./Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony.
【详解】考查倒装句、省略和介词短语。表示“只有”用only ，位于句首后面加介词短语，用部分倒装。“求同存异” 表示为seek common ground and reserve difference，通过用介词by，介词后用动名词，“凝聚力量，和谐发展”表示并列用gather strength and develop harmoniously表示，也可以用while表示省略，副词修饰动词develop，或介词短语修饰动词develop，故翻译为Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously./Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony.
55．The celebrity’s views on the prospects for / of economic development turned out to be contradictory.
As it turned out, the celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory.
It turned out that celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory.
【详解】考查名词，介词短语，动词，定语从句以及主语从句。分析句子，句子描述的是过去的事实，故使用一般过去时。句中表示“那位名人的看法”用the celebrity’s views；表示“对于经济发展前景”用on the prospects for / of economic development，为介词短语作状语；表示“结果是”用turn out to be；表示“互相矛盾的”用形容词contradictory，作表语；同时，也可以使用as引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“正如事实结果那样”用as it turned out；同时还可以使用it turned out that固定句型，意为“结果是”，该结构中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。综上，故翻译为The celebrity’s views on the prospects for / of economic development turned out to be contradictory./ As it turned out, the celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory./It turned out that celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory。
56．At the dinner of the Mid-Autumn Festival, father proposed/suggested a toast to the health of my family.
【详解】考查固定短语、专有名词、动词、名词。表示“中秋节”用the Mid-Autumn Festival；表示“……晚餐时”用at the dinner of；表示“父亲”用father；表示“提议”用propose或/suggest，作谓语动词；表示“为……干杯”用 a toast to …；表示“家人的健康”用the health of my family；本处表示的事情已发生，用一般过去时；句首单词首字母用大写。故翻译为At the dinner of the Mid-Autumn Festival, father proposed a toast to the health of my family. 或 At the dinner of the Mid-Autumn Festival, father suggested a toast to the health of my family.
57．Not until we took part in/participated in the military training did we learn the lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirit are all key factors leading to success.
【详解】考查倒装句、时态、非谓语动词和同位语从句。not until引导倒装句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。“参加”是take part in或participate in，表示过去用一般过去时，“教训”lesson后是对它进行解释说明的同位语从句，从句“毅力、纪律和团队精神都是导致成功的关键因素”成分和句意都完整，连接用that引导，“因素”是factor，“导致”是lead to，此处用其现在分词形式作factor的后置定语。结合其它翻译，故翻译为Not until we took part in/participated in the military training did we learn the lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirit are all key factors leading to success.
58．It is in this newly-opened restaurant that someone witnessed/saw the suspect commit the crime.
【详解】考查强调句。强调句是it is 被强调部分+that+其余部分，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，强调“在这家新开的饭店”in this newly-opened restaurant ，“目击”表示为witness或see，用一般过去时，see somebody do something表示看到全过程，“嫌疑犯”表示为the suspect， “实施犯罪”表示为commit the crime，故翻译为It is in this newly-opened restaurant that someone witnessed/saw the suspect commit the crime。
59．The educational resources on the internet are so abundant/rich that those loving learning can have free access to various courses.
【详解】考查状语从句、非谓语动词、时态和动词短语。“互联网上的教育资源”表示为The educational resources on the internet ，作主语，“如此……以至于”用so...that表示，引导状语从句，丰富是abundant或rich，“热爱学习的人”用非谓语动词作后置定语，表示主动用现在分词，表示为 those loving learning，“免费获得”是动词短语表示为have free access to，“各种课程”表示为various courses。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为The educational resources on the internet are so abundant/rich that those loving learning can have free access to various courses.
60．A quarter of students surveyed admitted having been /being distracted by mobile phones when crossing the street.
【详解】考查分数表达法、非谓语动词、动词时态、动词短语和时间状语从句的省略。表示“四分之一的学生”应用a quarter of students，做主语；表示“调查；受访”应用动词survey，students与survey之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作后置定语；表示“承认做某事”应用admit doing/having done ，作谓语动词，结合句意，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；表示“因……分心”应用be distracted by，作admit的宾语，students与distract之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态或动名词完成式的被动语态；表示“当过马路时”应用when they were crossing the street，when引导的时间状语从句主语they与主句主语一致，而且从句的谓语动词中含有be动词的形式were，所以时间状语词应使用省略形式when crossing the street。故翻译为A quarter of students surveyed admitted having been /being distracted by mobile phones when crossing the street。
61．These creative, heartwarming videos serve as a reminder that even though the outbreak of the virus requires us to isolate, we still feel a sense of kinship.
【详解】考查主谓一致，同位语从句和让步状语从句。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“这些创意、暖心的视频”译为these creative, heartwarming videos，作主语；“让我们明白”根据提示要用reminder，故译为固定搭配serve as a reminder，因主语为these videos，所以谓语动词应用复数。分析句子成分可知，“即使病毒的爆发要求我们隔离，我们仍然有一种惺惺相惜的感觉 ”应为reminder的同位语从句，且同位语从句里，应为even though引导的让步状语从句和主句。“病毒的爆发”译为the outbreak of the virus；“要求我们隔离”译为requires us to isolate，为固定用法require sb. to do sth.，照应主语the outbreak，所以谓语动词用单数；“我们仍然有一种惺惺相惜的感觉”应为主系表结构，we为主语； still feel为连系动词，still为副词，修饰动词feel；a sense of kinship为表语。故整句翻译为These creative, heartwarming videos serve as a reminder that even though the outbreak of the virus requires us to isolate, we still feel a sense of kinship.
62．Contrary to what people think, many developed countries also conduct exam-oriented education.
【详解】考查形容词、动词，名词、短语和宾语从句。句子陈述现在的事实，用一般现在时，根据英文提示，表示“与……不一样”用 contrary to，表示“和人们认为的”用what people think，这里是介词to后面的宾语从句，表示“发达国家”用developed country，这里是“许多的发达国家”，用many developed countries，表示“应试教育”用exam-oriented education，这里用conduct来作谓语表示“实施”。故答案为Contrary to what people think, many developed countries also conduct exam-oriented education。
63．The exhibits in the museum bear witness to the agricultural civilization of Egypt.
【详解】考查定语，固定搭配。根据汉意可知，“展品”译为the exhibit，为主语，展品不止一件，应用复数形式；“在博物馆”译为in the museum，为介词短语作后置定语修饰主语the exhibits；“见证”为固定搭配bear witness to，为谓语，客观描述，应用一般现在时；“农业文明”译为 agricultural civilization，作宾语；“埃及的”译为of Egypt，为介词短语作后置定语修饰agricultural civilization。故翻译为：The exhibits in the museum bear witness to the agricultural civilization of Egypt.
64．Despite the (growing) popularity of mobile payment, it has caused a lot of inconvenience to the elderly/old people who can’t see clearly and are not skilled/expert at using smartphones.
【详解】考查从句、名词、形容词和动词。“手机支付”用mobile payment表示；“越来越普及”用名词词组the growing popularity表示，用作让步状语，且使用介词despite“尽管”；“老眼昏花”用can’t see clearly表示；“不能熟练使用智能手机”可用be not skilled/expert at using smartphones表示；“老人”用the elderly/old表示，且因为“老眼昏花又不能熟练使用智能手机”是对老人的修饰，用who引导定语从句修饰the elderly/old；“给某人造成”用动词cause sth to sb表示，且因时间为从手机开始使用到如今的普及，使用现在完成时形式has caused；“诸多不便”用a lots of inconvenience表示。故整句翻译为Despite the growing popularity of mobile payment, it has caused a lot of inconvenience to the elderly/old people who can’t see clearly and are not skilled/expert at using smartphones。
65．The past few decades have seen people worshipping after foreign trends desperately, but now they are beginning to be increasingly interested in such traditional cultures as the tea ceremony and ancient poetry.
【详解】考查动词、名词、固定短语和时态。根据句意，可将“过去几十年”处理为拟人化的主语the past few decades；表示“见证”应用see作谓语，为现在完成时；表示“人们对国外潮流趋之若鹜”翻译为people worshipping after foreign trends desperately；but连接并列句，主语为they；表示“开始做某事”短语为begin to do sth.，为现在进行时；表示“对茶道，古诗词这样的传统文化越来越感兴趣”短语为be increasingly interested in such traditional cultures as the tea ceremony and ancient poetry。故翻译为The past few decades have seen people worshipping after foreign trends desperately, but now they are beginning to be increasingly interested in such traditional cultures as the tea ceremony and ancient poetry.
66．How come you forget to wear the mask again when you attend the meeting in such a special period
【详解】考查固定句型、从句和短语。句子陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时；表达“怎么会……”用how come+句子，表达“忘记做某事”用forget to do sth.，表达“戴口罩”用wear the mask；“开会时”处理为when引导的时间状语从句，表达“开会”用attend the meeting，表达“在这样一个特殊的时期”用in such a special period。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为How come you forget to wear the mask again when you attend the meeting in such a special period
67．Nowhere else in Shanghai can you find an Italian restaurant with purer/more authentic taste than here.
【详解】考查副词、时态及介词和倒装句。根据句意可知，句子陈述目前的情况，应用一般现在时，“没有其他地方”使用nowhere else，位于句首，后面使用部分倒装，“找到”使用find，“意大利餐馆” 使用an Italian restaurant，“味道比这里更纯正”使用with purer/more authentic taste than here。故翻译为Nowhere else in Shanghai can you find an Italian restaurant with purer/more authentic taste than here.
68．I am very satisfied that I can make contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West in my professional field.
【详解】考查从句和时态。表示“感到十分满足”的短语为be very satisfied；表示“为中西方文化交流做出贡献” 短语为make contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West；表示“在自己的专业领域”短语为in my professional field。分析句子可知，句子描述的是一般的情况，用一般现在时。be satisfied that 后接宾语从句。故可翻译为I am very satisfied that I can make contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West in my professional field.
69．With the joint efforts of the villagers, the once poor village has taken on a new look and achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation.
【详解】考查短语和时态。根据汉语提示，表示“在村们们的共同努力下”应该使用介词短语With the joint efforts of the villagers，作状语；表示“面貌焕然一新”应该用动词短语take on a new look；表示“取得显著成效”应该用动词短语achieve remarkable results；表示在“在脱贫方面”应该用 in poverty alleviation。本句描述的是动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响，故使用现在完成时。故翻译为With the joint efforts of the villagers, the once poor village has taken on a new look and achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation。
70．My cousin used to take an active part in all the running competitions, but now she has given up running.
【详解】考查动词时态和短语。表示“表姐”的英文为 cousin；表示“过去”短语为used to；表示“积极参加所有的跑步比赛”短语为take an active part in all the running competitions；表示“放弃跑步”短语为give up running。表示“但现在”短语为but now。根据句意“已经”可知，后半句用现在完成时。故可翻译为My cousin used to take an active part in all the running competitions, but now she has given up running.
71．Mop up the water on the floor at once in case someone slips.
【详解】考查祈使句和条件状语从句。“赶紧拖一下地板上的水”用祈使句，翻译为mop up the water on the floor at once，“以免”是in case，“有人滑倒”时态用一般现在时，翻译为someone slips，因此整句话翻译为Mop up the water on the floor at once in case someone slips.
72．Recent years has witnessed the quick development of the mountain village which was extremely poor.
【详解】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。分析句意和括号内提示witness可知，句子可用固定句型Recent years has witnessed......，表示近几年发生了什么事情；“小山村发展迅猛”用名词短语the quick development of the mountain village，作witnessed的宾语，“那个曾经一贫如洗的”用定语从句修饰village，时态用一般过去时，翻译为which was extremely poor，因此整句话翻译为Recent years has witnessed the quick development of the mountain village which was extremely poor.
73．It occurred to him that he could order hometown dishes / cuisine on the cellphone app and he placed an order without hesitation to cure homesickness / relieve the feeling of missing home.
【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。表示“某人突然想到……”句型为it occur to sb. that…；表示“这款手机应用上能够点到家乡菜”翻译为he could order hometown dishes / cuisine on the cellphone app；表示“毫不犹豫下了单”翻译为he placed an order without hesitation；表示“解思乡之愁”应用不定式to cure homesickness / relieve the feeling of missing home，作目的状语。句子用一般过去时。故翻译为It occurred to him that he could order hometown dishes / cuisine on the cellphone app and he placed an order without hesitation to cure homesickness / relieve the feeling of missing home.
74．Compared with the first version, this version is more detailed and vivid.
【详解】考查短语、形容词比较级和非谓语。表示“第一个版本”短语为the first version；compare with sth.意为“与某物相比”；表示“更详尽且生动”短语为more detailed and vivid。根据句意可知，句子描述的是一种看法，故用一般现在时。分析句子可知，the first version与compare 是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作句子的状语。故翻译为Compared with the first version, this version is more detailed and vivid.
75．The beauty of traditional lanterns lies in the interaction between / combination of / mixture of / integration of candlelight and paper-cutting.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“传统灯笼之美”短语为the beauty of traditional lanterns；表示“构成”可用短语lie in；表示“烛光和剪纸的交融”翻译为the interaction between / combination of / mixture of / integration of candlelight and paper-cutting。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为The beauty of traditional lanterns lies in the interaction between / combination of / mixture of / integration of candlelight and paper-cutting.
76．When I rode in Lushan Mountain with my primary school classmates that summer, we once saw that the top of the mountain was close at hand, but it was out of reach in fact.
【详解】考查时间状语从句和宾语从句。句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“那年夏天，我和小学同学结伴在庐山骑行”可译为一个时间状语从句，“那年夏天”译为that summer，“骑行”使用动词ride，“小学同学”译为primary school classmates，故从句翻译为when I rode in Lushan Mountain with my primary school classmates that summer，“一度”使用副词once，“看到”使用动词see，“山巅近在咫尺，然而它实则遥不可及”译为一个宾语从句，作动词see的宾语，“山巅”译为the top of the mountain，“近在咫尺”使用固定短语be close at hand，“然而”使用表示转折的连词but，“遥不可及”使用固定短语be out of reach，“实则”使用固定短语in fact，故翻译为：When I rode in Lushan Mountain with my primary school classmates that summer, we once saw that the top of the mountain was close at hand, but it was out of reach in fact.。
77．The scenes of the white pear blossoms against the clear blue sky are beautiful and unique, attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists.
【详解】考查时态、句子结构和非谓语动词。本句为主系表结构，主语The scenes of the white pear blossoms（雪白梨花……的美景）；介词短语against the clear blue sky（在湛蓝天空的映衬下），作后置定语；陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，系动词用are；形容词beautiful and unique（美丽独特）作表语；“吸引着络绎不绝的游客”用非谓语形式，表示一种必然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表达为：attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists，故全句翻译为：The scenes of the white pear blossoms against the clear blue sky are beautiful and unique, attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists.
78．Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development.
【详解】考查宾语从句，动名词，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子表示客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“研究”是research/a study，“表明”是show/indicate，用第三人称单数，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，“饲养宠物”用动名词短语作主语，是keeping pets，“有助于”是contribute to，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，“人的心理健康”是people’s mental health，“性格培养”是character cultivation/building/development，两者用and连接，因此整句话翻译为“Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development”。故答案为Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development.
79．The elder sister differs completely from the younger one in character.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语和副词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“elder sister”表示“姐姐”，作主语，“differ from…”，意为“与……不同”，“sister”为可数名词单数，“differ”用三单形式“differs”，“completely”意为“完全地”，作状语，放在“differs”后面，“younger one”表示“妹妹”，“in character”表示“在性格上”，放在句末，句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为The elder sister differs completely from the younger one in character.
80．For railway fans, nothing is/there is nothing better than gazing out of the window at the view flying past.
【详解】考查动词短语。for“对于”，铁路迷可以翻译为“railway fans”，nothing better than“没有什么比……更好”；也可以用there be 句型。句子为描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。gaze at“凝视”，窗外可以翻译为“out of window”,飞快略过的风景可以翻译为“the view flying past”，其中flying为现在分词作定语，修饰view，和修饰的名词之间为主动关系。故翻译为For railway fans, nothing is/there is nothing better than gazing out of the window at the view flying past.
1．我们永远不要羡慕别人的幸福因为幸福要靠我们自己创造。(efforts) (汉译英)
2．地震发生后，志愿者们不怕危险第一时间赶到现场开展救援救生命的工作。(Hardly) (汉译英)
3．进入会场，请自行调节手机音量至合适的状态。(when)(汉译英)
4．火遍大江南北的各直播(live streaming) 平台将众多用户们打造成了“分享达人”，他们在不侵犯他人隐私的情况下分享自己的所见所闻，形成了独特的网络文化现象。(who) （汉译英）
5．很多业余运动员们参加极限运动不是为了激发自己的潜能，而是为了缓解生活的无聊。(engage) （汉译英）
6．让新任市长欣慰的是，得益于针对性的措施和高效率的管理，市民们的生活恢复成了过去的样子。(relief) （汉译英）
7．博物馆推出的这些活动，在满足人们多样的需求的同时，也让传统文化火起来、潮起来。(not only) (汉译英)
8．此刻，我不想让妈妈为我的就业问题担心。(bother)(汉译英)
9．公共场所的色彩与设计会对社会产生不容忽视的影响。（impact）(汉译英)
10．“买一送一”是常见的促销手段，但赠品质量却往往不尽如人意。（far from）(汉译英)
11．母亲的话让我相信，在生活中无论遇到什么苦难都不能半途而废。(convince) (汉译英)
12．中国在新能源领域方面的迅猛发展，为其赢得牵头制定新型电力系统国际标准的机会。(win) (汉译英)
13．她刚一宣布完获奖名单，泪水便夺眶而出。(No sooner) (汉译英)
14．她坚决要求出席所有的采访。(insist)(汉译英)
15．新冠疫情 (COVID-19) 爆发时，他目睹了医生们的临危不惧，舍己为人，这让他立志当一名医生。(which)(汉译英)
16．他有能力处理各种棘手的事情，我们都愿意和他共事。(capable)(汉译英)
17．出于好奇，我向村民打听了新邻居的职业。(curiosity)(汉译英)
18．频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件是全球变暖日趋严重的有力证据。（that）(汉译英)
19．这个包又脏又粘，他却没想过要洗洗。（occur）(汉译英)
20．究竟是什么使她在本届冬奥会上创造了奇迹？(强调句) (汉译英)
21．虽然现在越来越多的人会使用电脑来输入文字，但我希望手写永远能有其一席之地。(although) (汉译英)
22．阅读能激发孩子们的想象力、创造力，还能帮助他们认识世界，形成对于人生、对于未来的基本态度。(not only) (汉译英)
23．你不该把你的未来寄托在任何一个人的承诺上。(base)(汉译英)
24．切莫歧视残疾人，否则你将受到法律惩处。（subject）(汉译英)
25．无论手头的事情多么重要或微不足道，我们都应该谨慎对待我们做的每一个决定，因为失之毫厘，差以千里。(difference) (汉译英)
26．正是因为强烈的爱国主义情怀让这位生物学家在面对形形色色、难以抵制的名利诱惑时，毅然决然地选择回国效力。(It) (汉译英)
27．经过一系列调查，一支乱扔的烟被指为这场火灾的罪魁祸首。(blame)(汉译英)
28．虽然网络上小视频广为流传，但鲜有兼具知识性和艺术性的原创作品。(as) (汉译英)
29．有些人习惯把运动与健康绝对地联系起来，这在某种程度上是不对的。(sentence) (汉译英)
30．法律面前人人平等，所以凡是犯法的人都必须受到惩罚。(break) (汉译英)
31．只有青年一代乐于承担责任，我们国家才有前途。(Only) (汉译英)
32．这个村庄位于山间，这使得普通的车辆很难到达那里。(inaccessible)(汉译英)
33．他的心情太糟了，听他最喜爱的歌曲都不能让他高兴点。(Such)(汉译英)
34．正如公民媒体领域的专家所告诫，无论新闻标题多么吸睛，如果报道的内容经不起推敲或完全无中生有，那么将追究作者的责任。(however) (汉译英)
35．“每月一测”的制度适用于所有考生。(basis)(汉译英)
36．这部电影，还原生活，它提醒观众们幸福来之不易。(remind) (汉译英)
37．海啸袭击后，市长第一时间赶赴现场，部署各部门救援工作，为了一切能尽快恢复正常。(Hardly) (汉译英)
38．网上买菜小程序服务周到，价格实惠，难怪广受好评。(characterize) (汉译英)
39．实验结果与我们所期望的大相径庭，但我们相信探索越多，就越可能成功。(likely) (汉译英)
40．世间万物都有名称，每个名称都会催生一种新的思想。(birth) (汉译英)
41．有那么些时候，我必须把事情分出轻重缓急，这样才不至于茫然不知所措。(There) （汉译英）
42．正是神舟12号载人太空飞行任务的成功，为国家空间站的继续建设和运行打下了坚实基础。(It) （汉译英）
43．人们以为大学毕业生很好找工作，实则不然。(trouble) （汉译英）
44．从一个喜欢上海历史的市民的角度来说，这个地区就是将这座近代迅速崛起的城市与传统中国文化相连接的桥梁。(perspective) （汉译英）
45．气候变化的影响远超想象，由此引发的自然灾害日益频繁地成为头条新闻。(result) （汉译英）
46．本次艺术展是见证两国友谊的一场重要文化盛事。(witness) （汉译英）
47．他的电影是由人物而不是由故事出发。(base) （汉译英）
48．这位诺贝尔获得者的研究成果可靠地预测了全球变暖，使人们认识到气候变化问题的紧迫性，更加重视节能减排。(which) (汉译英)
49．产品设计者的主要挑战在于如何使产品在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出，吸引更多用户。(appeal) (汉译英)
50．这个小男孩凝视着夜空，想象着自己成为一名航天员在中国空间站里工作的情景。(gaze) (汉译英)
51．只需用上几个收纳小妙招就能让你拥有双倍的空间和更好的采光。 （汉译英）
52．很遗憾，我们店里这款鞋子没有你要的尺码。(available) （汉译英）
53．女王的离世标志着一个时代(era)的终结。在她的葬礼前，电视台播放了以女王名义提前制作的纪录片，回顾她96年的漫长人生。(mark, whose) (汉译英)
54．只有求同存异，一个团队才能凝聚力量，和谐发展。(Only) (汉译英)
55．那位名人对于经济发展前景的看法结果是相互矛盾的。(turn out) (汉译英)
56．中秋节晚餐时，父亲提议为家人的健康干杯。(toast n.)(汉译英)
57．参加了军训我们才懂得一个道理：毅力、纪律和团队精神都是导致成功的关键因素。(Not until) (汉译英)
58．正是在这家新开的饭店里有人目击嫌疑犯实施犯罪。(It)(汉译英)
59．互联网上的教育资源非常丰富，热爱学习的人可以免费获得各种课程。(access) (汉译英)
60．四分之一的受访学生承认过马路时因手机分心。(distract) (汉译英)
61．这些创意、暖心的视频让我们明白：即使病毒的爆发要求我们隔离，我们仍然有一种惺惺相惜的感觉。(reminder) (汉译英)
62．和人们认为的不一样的是，很多发达国家也搞应试教育。(contrary) (汉译英)
63．博物馆展览的展品见证了埃及的农业文明. (witness n.)(汉译英)
64．手机支付越来越普及，却给老眼昏花又不能熟练使用智能手机的老人造成了诸多不便。(despite) （汉译英）
65．过去几十年，人们对国外潮流趋之若鹜，但如今，他们开始对茶道，古诗词这样的传统文化越来越感兴趣了。(see) （汉译英）
66．在这样一个特殊的时期，你怎么会在开会时忘记带口罩了 (How come)（汉译英）
67．在上海的其他任何地方你都找不到味道比这里更纯正的意大利餐馆了。(Nowhere) （汉译英）
68．我能在自己的专业领域为中西方文化交流做出贡献，已经感到十分满足。(satisfy) (汉译英)
69．在村民们的共同努力下，这个曾经的贫困村面貌焕然一新，脱贫取得显著成效。(With) （汉译英）
70．表姐过去积极参加所有的跑步比赛，但现在她已经放弃了跑步。(give) (汉译英)
71．赶紧拖一下地板上的水，以免有人滑倒。(in case)（汉译英）
72．那个曾经一贫如洗的小山村近几年发展迅猛。(witness) （汉译英）
73．他突然想到这款手机应用上能够点到家乡菜，于是毫不犹豫下了单，以解思乡之愁。（It…）（汉译英）
74．比起第一个版本，这一版更详尽且生动。 (compare)（汉译英）
75．烛光和剪纸的交融构成了传统灯笼之美。（lie）（汉译英）
76．那年夏天，我和小学同学结伴在庐山骑行，我们有一度看到山巅近在咫尺，然而它实则遥不可及。(once) （汉译英）
77．湛蓝天空映衬着雪白的梨花，景色美丽独特，吸引着络绎不绝的游客。(attract) （汉译英）
78．研究表明饲养宠物有助于人的心理健康和性格培养。(contribute) （汉译英）
79．姐姐在性格上与妹妹截然不同。（differ）（汉译英）
80．对铁路迷来说，没有什么比看着窗外飞快略过的风景更棒。(gaze v.) （汉译英）
参考答案：
1．We should never envy the happiness of others because happiness depends on our own efforts.
【详解】考查动词、名词和短语。分析句意可知，本句是陈述一般事实，所以时态可用一般现在时；表示“永远不要”可用副词never；表示“羡慕”可用动词envy，可与should连用作谓语；表示“别人的幸福”可用短语the happiness of others，作宾语；表示“因为”用连词because，引导原因状语从句；在从句中表示“幸福”用名词happiness，作主语，表示“依靠”可用短语depend on，作谓语，因为主语happiness是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式depends on；表示“我们自己创造”可用短语our own efforts。故答案为We should never envy the happiness of others because happiness depends on our own efforts。
2．Hardly had the earthquake happened when volunteers were not afraid of danger and rushed to the scene to carry out rescue work.
【详解】考查倒装句。“地震发生”翻译为the earthquake happened；“志愿者们”翻译为volunteers；“不怕危险”翻译为be not afraid of danger；“赶到现场”翻译为rush to the scene；“开展救援生命的工作”可用动词不定式表达为赶到现场的目的，故翻译为to carry out the rescue work。根据句意可知，此处可用hardly...when...句型，意为“一……就……”，hardly位于句首，为固定的倒装句，句型为：hardly had +主语+done...when+主语+did，故翻译为：Hardly had the earthquake happened when volunteers were not afraid of danger and rushed to the scene to carry out rescue work.
3．When you enter the venue, please adjust the volume of the mobile phone to the appropriate state.
【详解】考查时态。句子描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，“进入会场”即“当你进入会场的时候”，应用when引导时间状语从句，从句主语“你”you，谓语“进入”enter，主语是you，谓语动词使用原形形式，后接宾语“会场”the venue，主句为省略主语you的祈使句，将动词原形至于句首，“请”please，“调节”adjust，后接宾语“手机音量”the volume of the mobile phone，“至合适的状态”to the appropriate state。故翻译为When you enter the venue, please adjust the volume of the mobile phone to the appropriate state.
4．Live streaming platforms across China have turned numerous users into “sharing masters”, who share what they have seen without invading others’ privacy, forming a unique cultural phenomenon on the Internet.
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词、宾语从句和定语从句。live streaming直播；turn ... into ...把……变成……；sharing master分享达人；invade privacy侵犯隐私；on the Internet在互联网上。句中先行词为sharing masters，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。动词share后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物，所以用连接代词what连接；句中已有谓语动词，所以用现在分词作结果状语。主句强调过去的动作持续到现在，所以用现在完成时。定语从句陈述现在事实，所以用一般现在时。宾语从句中强调过去的动作持续到现在，所以同样用现在完成时。根据句意，故翻译为Live streaming platforms across China have turned numerous users into “sharing masters”, who share what they have seen without invading others’ privacy, forming a unique cultural phenomenon on the Internet.
5．A number of amateur athletes engage in extreme sports not to stimulate their potential but to relieve the boredom of their life.
【详解】考查名词，动词短语和不定式。主语是很多业余运动员们，译为“a number of amateur athletes”，谓语参加，译为“engage in”，宾语极限运动，译为“extreme sports”，为了，用不定式作状语，不是而是，用“not...but...”连接两个并列的不定式，激发自己的潜能，译为“ stimulate one’s potential”，缓解生活的无聊，译为“relieve the boredom of one's life”，再结合其他汉语意思。故翻译为A number of amateur athletes engage in extreme sports not to stimulate their potential but to relieve the boredom of their life.
6．To the relief of the newly-appointed mayor, benefiting from the targeted measures and the highly-efficient governance, the life of the citizens is restored to what it used to be.
【详解】考查介词短语、非谓语动词、动词时态语态和宾语从句。“让某人欣慰的是”用介词短语to the relief of表示，“新任市长”翻译为the newly-appointed mayor，“得益于”是benefit from，和句子主语“市民生活恢复”是逻辑主动关系，用现在分词形式，“针对性的措施和高效率的管理”翻译为the targeted measures and the highly-efficient governance，主语“市民们的生活”是the life of the citizens，“恢复”restore是谓语动词，和主语是被动关系，表示现在用一般现在时的被动语态，表达“到（程度）”用介词to，其后跟宾语从句，“过去的样子”是what it used to be，what在宾语从句中作表语。故翻译为To the relief of the newly-appointed mayor, benefiting from the targeted measures and the highly-efficient governance, the life of the citizens is restored to what it used to be.
7．These activities launched by the museum not only meet people’s diverse needs, but also make traditional culture more popular and fashionable.
【详解】考查非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致和形容词。“博物馆推出的这些活动”是these activities launched by the museum，“在……的同时，也……”是not only...but also...，句子时态用一般现在时，“满足人们多样的需求”是meet people’s diverse needs，“让传统文化火起来、潮起来”是make traditional culture more popular and fashionable，因此整句话翻译为“These activities launched by the museum not only meet people’s diverse needs, but also make traditional culture more popular and fashionable”。故答案为These activities launched by the museum not only meet people’s diverse needs, but also make traditional culture more popular and fashionable.
8．I don’t want to bother my mother with my employment at the moment.
【详解】考查时态。讲述现状，时态用一般现在时，“想做某事”译为“want to do sth.”，“用某事烦扰某人”意为“bother sb. with sth.”，“此刻”译为“at the moment”，结合其它汉语提示，故译为：I don’t want to bother my mother with my employment at the moment.
9．The colour and design of public places will have an impact on society that cannot be ignored.
【详解】考查时态、情态动词的被动和定语从句。主语是“公共场所的色彩与设计”表示为the colour and design of public places，谓语是“对社会产生影响”表示为have an impact on society，表示将来发生的动作，用一般将来时，先行词是impact，在定语从句中作主语，从句中that作主语指代“影响”impact和谓语“忽视”ignore是被动关系，“不容忽视”是情态动词的否定加be done表示，故翻译为The colour and design of public places will have an impact on society that cannot be ignored.
10．“Buy one and get one free” is a common means of promotion, but the quality of those gifts is often far from satisfactory.
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“买一送一”是Buy one and get one free，“常见的促销手段”是a common means of promotion，前面be动词用is，“赠品质量”是the quality of those gifts，“却往往不尽如人意”是is often far from satisfactory，因此整句话翻译为““Buy one and get one free” is a common means of promotion, but the quality of those gifts is often far from satisfactory”。故答案为“Buy one and get one free” is a common means of promotion, but the quality of those gifts is often far from satisfactory.。
11．Mother’s words convince me that no matter what suffering I encounter, I can not give up halfway.
【详解】考查动词、短语和从句。表示“母亲的话”应用mother’s words，在句中作主语；表示“相信”应用动词convince，在句中作谓语；表示“苦难”为名词suffering，表示“无论遇到什么”为 no matter what，为让步状语从句的引导词，表示“遇到”应用encounter，在 no matter what引导的让步状语从句充当谓语，表示“在生活中无论遇到什么苦难都不能半途而废”为 no matter what suffering I encounter, I can not give up halfway，充当convince的宾语，句子成分完整，应用that引导，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Mother’s words convince me that no matter what suffering I encounter, I can not give up halfway.
12．China’s rapid development in the new energy sector has won it the opportunity to lead the development of international standards for new power systems.
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“迅猛发展”应用名词短语rapid development在句子中做主语，表示“为其赢得机会”短语为win it the opportunity;表示“牵头”动词为lead; 根据句意可知本句应使用现在完成时。故翻译为China’s rapid development in the new energy sector has won it the opportunity to lead the development of international standards for new power systems。
13．No sooner had she announced awards list than tears burst into her eyes.
【详解】考查动词、短语和倒装句。表示“一……就……”应用固定句型no sooner...than...；表示“宣布”为动词announce，在句中作谓语；表示“获奖名单”为名词 awards list。表示“泪水便夺眶而出”为 burst into，分析句子的结构可知，否定词置于句首应为部分倒装句，结构为：be动词/助动词/情态动词置于主语之前，no sooner后面的主句应该使用过去完成时，than后面的句子使用一般过去时。故翻译为No sooner had she announced awards list than tears burst into her eyes.
14．She insisted on attending all the interviews.
【详解】考查动词短语、动名词和时态。表示“坚决要求”应用动词短语insist on；表示“出席所有采访”动词短语为attend all the interviews；作动词短语insist on的宾语应使用动名词attending；根据句意可知本句应使用一般过去时。故翻译为She insisted on attending all the interviews。
15．During the outbreak of COVID-19, he witnessed doctors’ fearless response in the face of danger and their willingness to sacrifice themselves for others, which made him make up his mind to become a doctor.
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；表示“爆发”应用名词outbreak，“新冠疫情爆发时”应为during the outbreak of COVID-19，表示“目睹”应用动词witness，表示“临危不惧”应用形容词fearless，表示“舍己为人”应用短语sacrifice themselves for others，句子要用一般过去时，表示“他目睹了医生们的临危不惧，舍己为人”应为表示he witnessed doctors’ fearless response in the face of danger and their willingness to sacrifice themselves for others，“励志做某事”表达为make up one's mind to do sth.，“这让他立志成为一名医生”应用非限制性定语从句which made him make up his mind to become a doctor，用提示词which引导并指代前文提到的句子。故翻译为During the outbreak of COVID-19, he witnessed doctors’ fearless response in the face of danger and their willingness to sacrifice themselves for others, which made him make up his mind to become a doctor.
16．He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，形容词，介词，连词，短语和时态。表示“他”应用代词he；表示“有能力”应用短语be capable of；表示“处理”应用动词短语deal with；表示“各种”应用形容词different；表示“棘手的”应用形容词tough；表示“事情”应用名词problem的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“我们”应用代词we；表示“都”应用代词all；表示“愿意”应用短语be willing to do；表示“和……共事”应用动词短语work with；表示“他”应用代词的宾格him，作宾语；“他有能力处理各种棘手的事情”和“我们都愿意和他共事”是因果关系，所以用连词so来连接。这句话描述的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为He is capable of dealing with different tough problems, so we are all willing to work with him.
17．Out of curiosity, I asked villagers about the career of the new neighbor.
【详解】考查短语和时态。out of curiosity出于好奇；ask sb. about sth.某人打听关于某方面的事；the career of……的职业。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Out of curiosity, I asked villagers about the career of the new neighbor.
18．The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strong evidence that global warming is getting more serious.
【详解】考查同位语从句和固定短语。表示“频繁发生的高温和暴雨等极端天气事件”短语为the frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year；表示“是有力证据”应用be strong evidence，为一般现在时。后跟that引导的同位语从句，表示“全球变暖日趋严重”翻译为global warming is getting more serious，为现在进行时。故翻译为The frequent extreme weather events like the high temperature and heavy rainfalls this year are strong evidence that global warming is getting more serious.
19．It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。表示“某人没有想过做某事”应用It hasn’t occurred to sb. to do sth.；表示“洗包”应用wash the bag，后跟though引导的让步状语从句，表示“又脏又粘”翻译为it is sticky and dirty，句子用一般现在时。故翻译为It hasn’t occurred to him to wash the bag though it is sticky and dirty.
20．What on earth was it that made her create a miracle at this Winter Olympics
【详解】考查时态和强调句型。本句可用强调句型的特殊疑问形式“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+剩余句子部分 ”表达，事情已经发生，时态用一般过去时，强调主语what，on earth (究竟)，make sb. do sth. (让某人做某事)，create a miracle (创造奇迹)，at this Winter Olympics (在本届冬奥会上)，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：What on earth was it that made her create a miracle at this Winter Olympics
21．Although more and more people are using computers to type words, I hope handwriting can always have its place.
【详解】考查让步状语从句，宾语从句。“虽然”译为although，引导让步状语从句；“越来越多的人”译为more and more people；“使用”译为use，分析句子语意可知，表示当下人们使用电脑的情况，所以应为现在进行时，主语为复数，故为are using；“计算机”译为computer，为可数名词，故为复数computers；“来输入文字”应为目的状语to type words；所以让步状语从句译为although more and more people are using computers to type words。“我希望”译为I hope，后接宾语从句，连接词that可省略；“手写”译为handwriting；“能够永远有”译为情态动词加动词原形can have，插入频度副词always；“一席之地”译为短语have one’s place，照应主语handwriting，应为have its place；所以主句译为I hope handwriting can always have its place。故翻译为Although more and more people are using computers to type words, I hope handwriting can always have its place.
22．Reading can not only stimulate children's imagination and creativity, but also help them to understand the world and form a basic attitude towards life and the future.
【详解】考查连词、动名词、动词、名词和短语。分析句意可知，本句的时态可用一般现在时，用not only……but also表示“不但……而且”来连接两个谓语动词；表示“阅读”用动名词reading，作主语，且位于句首的首字母要大写；表示“激发”和“帮助”用动词stimulate和help，作谓语，且用not only……but also来连接这两个动词；表示“孩子的想象力和创造力”可用名词短语children's imagination and creativity；表示“帮助某人做某事”可用固定搭配help sb to do sth；表示“认识世界”可用固定短语understand the world；表示“形成”可用动词form；表示“对……的基本态度”可用固定短语a basic attitude towards；表示“人生和未来”可用短语life and the future。故答案为Reading can not only stimulate children's imagination and creativity, but also help them to understand the world and form a basic attitude towards life and the future。
23．You shouldn’t base your future on the promises of any person.
【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语和名词。主语是you，谓语动词是“不应该把...寄托在”情态动词+动词原形，表示为should’t base...on，宾语是“你的未来”以及“任何一个人的承诺”表示为your future和the promises of any person.故翻译为You shouldn't base your future on the promises of any person.。
24．Don’t discriminate against the disabled, or you will be subjected to the law.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、冠词、连词。表达“切莫”为动词don’t，位于句首需要大写字母“D”；“歧视”为固定短语discriminate against；表示“残疾人”可以用定冠词the加形容词disabled表示一类人；or用于祈使句后表示结果，意为“否则”；根据句意中“将受到”可知，需要用一般将来时态；表示“受到……”可以用短语be subjected to。故翻译为Don’t discriminate against the disabled, or you will be subjected to the law.
25．No matter how significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference.##However significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference.
【详解】考查时态、让步状语从句，形容词短语、介词短语、定语从句和原因状语从句。陈述客观现象，谓语动词用一般现在时。“无论……多么……或……”表达为No matter how...or...或者however...or...，引导让步状语从句，how或however后接形容词；“手头的事情”表达为 the matter at hand，介词短语at hand为后置定语，修饰让步状语从句的主语the matter；“重要”表达为形容词significant，“微不足道”表达为形容词insignificant，都作为让步状语从句的表语。“谨慎对待”表达为形容词短语be cautious about，后接宾语“每一个决定”，可表达为名词every resolution；“我们做的”表达为we make，修饰every resolution，为限制性定语从句，先行词为物，且在从句中作宾语，关系代词that，也可省略，从句中用一般现在时，表经常性。“因为”表达为连接词because，引导原因状语从句；“失之毫厘，差以千里”，根据所给词difference，表达为one false step will make a great difference”，叙述一般真理可用情态动词will，后接动词短语make adifference，作宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：No matter how significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference./However significant or insignificant the matter at hand is, we should be cautious about every resolution (that) we make, becasue one false step will make a great difference.
26．It was because of his strong patriotism that the biologist resolutely chose to return to China to work in the face of various and irresistible temptations of fame and fortune.
【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句型。because of因为；choose to do sth.选择做某事；return to返回；in the face of 面对；fame and fortune功名。强调句结构为It is/was +强调部分+that从句，本句强调because of his strong patriotism。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为It was because of his strong patriotism that the biologist resolutely chose to return to China to work in the face of various and irresistible temptations of fame and fortune.
27．After a series of investigations, a dropped cigarette was blamed for the fire．
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。a series of“一系列”；be blamed for“因……而受指责”。名词cigarette 与drop之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为：After a series of investigations, a dropped cigarette was blamed for the fire．
28．Widely as small videos are spread on the Internet, there are few original works with both knowledge and artistry.
【详解】考查名词、动词、时态和让步状语从句的倒装结构。根据中文提示可知，本句时态应用一般现在时，表示“虽然网络上小视频广为流传”可用Widely as small videos are spread on the Internet，其中as表“虽然”，在这里引导让步状语从句，使用部分倒装，结构为：副词+as+主语+动词；表示“鲜有兼具知识性和艺术性的原创作品”应用句子there are few original works with both knowledge and artistry，其中with both knowledge and artistry作定语，修饰前面名词works ，用few 表示“几乎没有”，故翻译为Widely as small videos are spread on the Internet, there are few original works with both knowledge and artistry。
29．Some people tend to associate exercise with health in an absolute manner, which is partly wrong.
【详解】考查动词短语，介词搭配和从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“有些人”译为some people；表示“习惯”译为“tend to do sth”；表示“把运动与健康联系起来”译为“associate exercise with health”；“绝对地”是修饰“联系”，修饰动词用副词，这里可以用介词搭配作副词的作用，译为“in an absolute manner”；“这在某种程度上是不对的”，“这”指代的是前面一整句话，所以用非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，用which，所以整句话翻译为：Some people tend to associate exercise with health in an absolute manner, which is partly wrong.
30．All are equal before the law, so whoever breaks the law shall be condemned/punished.
【详解】考查动词和主语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“法律面前人人平等”用All are equal before the law；表示“所以”用so；表示“凡是犯法的人”用 whoever breaks the law，whoever引导的是主语从句，breaks意为“违反”；表示“应该受到惩罚”用shall be condemned/punished，此处为情态动词的被动语态结构。故翻译为All are equal before the law, so whoever breaks the law shall be condemned/punished。
31．Only if/when the younger generations are ready to take/shoulder/assume responsibility can our country have a promising future/bright prospect.
【详解】考查时态、短语和部分倒装。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“只有青年一代乐于承担责任”可处理为only+if/when引导的条件/时间状语从句，且置于句首时主句要部分倒装；表达“乐于做某事”用be ready to do；表达“承担责任”用take/shoulder/assume responsibility；“我们国家才有前途”为主句，应部分倒装，将情态动词can置于主语our country“我们的国家”之前；“有前途”表达为have a promising future/bright prospect。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Only if/when the younger generations are ready to take/shoulder/assume responsibility can our country have a promising future/bright prospect.
32．The village is located among hills, which makes it inaccessible to ordinary cars.
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和定语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“这个村庄”是the village，“位于山间”是is located among hills，“这使得普通的车辆很难到达那里”用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句，“使得普通的车辆很难到达那里”是make it inaccessible to ordinary cars，which指代整个主句的内容，make用第三人称单数，因此整句话翻译为“The village is located among hills, which makes it inaccessible to ordinary cars”。故答案为The village is located among hills, which makes it inaccessible to ordinary cars.
33．Such a bad mood was he in that listening to his favorite songs was not able to cheer him up.
【详解】考查部分倒装，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，句子可理解为“他的心情如此糟，以至于听他最喜爱的歌曲都不能让他高兴点”，“如此……以至于……”是so/such...that...，“心情糟”是in a bad mood，“他的心情如此糟”是he was in such a bad mood，可将such放在句首，引起句子的部分倒装，变成Such a bad mood was he in，“听他最喜爱的歌曲”用动名词作主语，是listening to his favorite songs，其后谓语动词用单数，“不能让他高兴点”是was not able to cheer him up，因此整句话翻译为“Such a bad mood was he in that listening to his favorite songs was not able to cheer him up”。故答案为Such a bad mood was he in that listening to his favorite songs was not able to cheer him up.
34．As experts in the field of citizen media warn, however attractive the headlines are, the authors will be held accountable if the content cannot withstand scrutiny or leave nothing.
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、状语从句、名词、动词和形容词。陈述客观事实，句子使用一般现在时，表示“公民媒体”应用名词citizen media；表示“警告”应动词warn；表示“正如公民媒体领域的专家所告诫”用非限制定语从句as experts in the field of citizen media warn；表示“吸睛的”用形容词attractive；表示“新闻标题”用名词adline；表示“无论新闻标题多么吸睛”用让步状语从句however attractive the headlines are；表示“内容”用名词content；表示“经不起推敲”用短语cannot withstand scrutiny；表示“完全无中生有”用短语leave nothing；表示“负后责任的”用形容词accountable；表示“如果报道的内容经不起推敲或完全无中生有”用if the content cannot withstand scrutiny or leave nothing。故翻译为As experts in the field of citizen media warn, however attractive the headlines are, the authors will be held accountable if the content cannot withstand scrutiny or leave nothing。
35．The “monthly test” system is on the basis of all candidates.
【详解】考查名词和动词。分析句子，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“每月一测制度”用the “monthly test” system；表示“适用于”用be on the basis of sb；表示“所有考生”用all candidates，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为：The “monthly test” system is on the basis of all candidates。
36．This film, restoring life, reminds the audience that happiness has not come easily.
【详解】考查动词、非谓语和宾语从句。分析句子，句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“还原生活”用restore life，此处用现在分词作后置定语；表示“提醒观众……”用remind the audience that...其中that引导宾语从句；表示“幸福来之不易”用happiness has not come easily，此表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即使用现在完成时，故翻译为This film, restoring life, reminds the audience that happiness has not come easily。
37．Hardly had the tsunami hit when the mayor rushed to the scene and deployed rescue work from various departments to return to normal as soon as possible.
【详解】考查部分倒装和动词。分析句子，表示“一……就……”应该使用hardly+过去完成时+when+一般过去时，该结构中，表示否定意义的词hardly置于句首时，其所在的主句使用部分倒装；表示“袭击”用hit；表示“奔赴现场”用rush to the scene；表示“部署各部门救援工作”用deploy rescue work from various departments 其与前文构成并列结构，故使用and连接；表示“恢复正常”用return to normal，此处为不定式结构作状语；表示“尽可能”用as soon as possible。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Hardly had the tsunami hit when the mayor rushed to the scene and deployed rescue work from various departments to return to normal as soon as possible.
38．Online grocery apps/applications are characterized by thoughtful/considerate services and reasonable/ low prices. No wonder many people speak highly of them/they have received many good comments/they are largely welcomed.
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“网上买菜小程序”表达为online grocery apps/applications，作主语；“服务周到，价格实惠”是小程序的特点，表示“具有……的特征，以……为特征”用be characterized by；“服务周到”表达为thoughtful/considerate services；“价格实惠”表达为reasonable/ low prices；“难怪”用固定句型no wonder that...，that可省；“广受好评”可表达为 speak highly of/receive mang good comments/be largely welcomed。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Online grocery apps/applications are characterized by thoughtful/considerate services and reasonable/ low prices. No wonder many people speak highly of them/they have received many good comments/they are largely welcomed.
39．The result of the experiment is totally different from/contrary to what we expected, but we believe that the more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.
【详解】考查固定短语、从句和时态。表示“实验结果”短语为the result of the experiment；表示“大相径庭”短语为be totally different from/contrary to，后跟what引导的宾语从句，表示“我们所期望的”应用what we expect，为一般过去时；后跟but连接的并列句，主语为we，表示“相信”应用believe，后跟that引导的从句，表示“越……越……”应用the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“探索”应用explore，表示“可能成功”应用be likely to succeed，也可将likely看作副词，修饰谓语动词will succeed。故翻译为The result of the experiment is totally different from/contrary to what we expected, but we believe that the more we explore, the more likely we are to/will succeed.
40．Everything on earth has a name and each name gives/ will give birth to a new thought.
【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语以及时态。表示“世间”应用短语on earth；表示“催生”应用动词短语give birth to；表示“思想”应用名词thought。分析句子可知，本句应用and连接的并列句结构，时态用一般现在时，表示“每个名称都会催生一种新的思想”也可用一般将来时。故翻译为：Everything on earth has a name and each name gives/ will give birth to a new thought.
41．There are times when I have to get priorities right/sort out priorities so that I won’t be at a loss about what to do.
【详解】考查时态、短语、固定句型和从句。句子陈述现在的情况，基础时态为一般现在时；“有那么些时候”可用固定句型there are times when...表达，when引导定语从句修饰times，“我必须把事情分出轻重缓急”为定语从句的主要内容，“不得不”表达为have to，“把事情分出轻重缓急”表达为get priorities right/sort out priorities；“这样才不至于茫然不知所措”处理为so that引导的结果状语从句，“不知所措”即“不知道该做什么”表达为be at a loss about what to do，该句描述将来的事情，用一般将来时。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：There are times when I have to get priorities right/sort out priorities so that I won’t be at a loss about what to do.
42．It was the success of Shenzhou-12 manned spaceflight mission that laid a solid foundation for the continued construction and operation of the country’s space station.
【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句。句子陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时。“神舟12号载人太空飞行任务的成功”为句子主语，“……的成功”表达为the sussess of，“神舟12号载人太空飞行任务”表达为 Shenzhou-12 manned spaceflight mission；“打下基础”表达为lay a foundation for，lay是谓语动词；“空间站的继续建设和运行”是介词for的宾语，表达为 the continued construction and operation of the country’s space station。本句对主语进行强调，用it was+主语+that+其他。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：It was the success of Shenzhou-12 manned spaceflight mission that laid a solid foundation for the continued construction and operation of the country’s space station.
43．It is (widely) believed that college graduates have no trouble in finding jobs, which is not true/not the case.
【详解】考查固定句型、定语从句和时态。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“人们以为大学毕业生很好找工作”可用固定句型It is (widely) believed that...，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，“做某事没有麻烦”表达为have no trouble in doing sth.；“实则不然”理解为“事实并非如此/不是真的”处理为非限制性定语从句，先行词是上文整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，“并非如此/不是真的”表达为not true/not the case。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：It is (widely) believed that college graduates have no trouble in finding jobs, which is not true/not the case.
44．From the perspective of a citizen who is enthusiastic about Shanghai’s history, this area is a bridge connecting this rapidly rising modern city with traditional Chinese culture.
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、副词、固定搭配、定语从句和现在分词。“从……角度”可以翻译为from the perspective of；“市民”是citizen；“喜欢上海历史”可以翻译为be enthusiastic about Shanghai’s history；“喜欢上海历史的市民”可以用定语从句表示a citizen who is enthusiastic about Shanghai's history；“地区”是area；“桥梁”是bridge；“把……连接起来”是connect...with...；“这座近代迅速崛起的城市”可以翻译为this rapidly rising modern city；“传统中国文化”可以翻译为traditional Chinese culture；“连接……的桥梁”表示a bridge connecting...with...，现在分词作后置定语。故翻译为From the perspective of a citizen who is enthusiastic about Shanghai’s history, this area is a bridge connecting this rapidly rising modern city with traditional Chinese culture.
45．The impact of climate change is far beyond imagination, and the resulting natural disasters hit the headline more and more frequently.
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“气候变化的影响”短语为the impact of climate change，作主语；表示“远超想象”短语为be far beyond imagination；表示“由此引发的自然灾害”翻译为the resulting natural disasters；表示“日益频繁地成为头条新闻”翻译为hit the headline more and more frequently。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为The impact of climate change is far beyond imagination, and the resulting natural disasters hit the headline more and more frequently.
46．This art exhibition is an important cultural event that witnesses the friendship between the two countries.
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、短语和定语从句。“艺术展”可以翻译为art exhibition；“一场重要文化盛事”可以翻译为an important cultural event；“见证”可以用动词witness表示；“两国友谊”可以翻译为the friendship between the two countries；整个句子可以用一个主从复合句表示，其中用定语从句表示“见证……的盛事”an event that witnesses...。故翻译为This art exhibition is an important cultural event that witnesses the friendship between the two countries.
47．His films are based on characters rather than stories.
【详解】考查名词，动词，代词，短语，连词和时态。考查“他的”应用形容词性物主代词his；考查“电影”应用名词film的复数形式，表示泛指；考查“人物”应用名词character的复数形式，表示泛指；考查“而不是”应用连词rather than；考查“故事”应用名词story的复数形式，表示泛指；考查“由出发”应用动词短语be based on；这句话说的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为His films are based on characters rather than stories.
48．The Nobel Prize winner’s research results reliably predicted global warming, which made people realize the urgency of climate change and pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction (saving energy and reducing emission).
【详解】考查定语从句和一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句叙述的动作发生在过去，所以时态用一般过去时。表示“这位诺贝尔获得者的研究成果”用the Nobel Prize winner’s research results，作句子的主语；表示“可靠地”用副词reliably，修饰谓语动词predicted，表示“全球变暖”用global warming，作宾语；所以主句为：The Nobel Prize winner’s research results reliably predicted global warming.，其余部分为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which，指代先行词research results，在从句中作主语，表示“使人们认识到气候变化问题的紧迫性”用made people realize the urgency of climate change，表示“更加重视节能减排”用pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction 或者saving energy and reducing emission，此处和前面的动作made people realize the urgency of climate change表示并列关系，所以用and连接，结合汉语，故翻译为：The Nobel Prize winner’s research results reliably predicted global warming, which made people realize the urgency of climate change and pay more attention to energy conservation and emission reduction (saving energy and reducing emission).
49．The major challenge for product designers is how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition and appeal to more consumers.
【详解】考查短语、一般现在时。表示“产品设计者的主要挑战”用the major challenge for product designers，作主语；本句表示的为一般性动作，所以时态用一般现在时，主语为单数，所以be动词用is，表示“如何使产品在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出”用“疑问词+ 不定式短语”作表语，即：how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition，表示“吸引更多用户”用appeal to more consumers，和前面how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition为并列关系，所以用and连接，结合汉语，故翻译为：The major challenge for product designers is how to make their products stand out in the fierce competition and appeal to more consumers.
50．The little boy gazed at the night sky, imagining himself as an astronaut working in the China’s Space Station.
【详解】考查一般过去时、现在分词作状语。表示“这个小男孩”用the little boy，作句子的主语；表示“凝视着夜空”用gaze at the night sky，因表示的为发生在过去的动作，所以谓语gaze用过去式gazed；表示“想象自己成为”用现在分词作状语，用imagining himself as；表示“一名航天员”用 an astronaut；表示“在中国空间站里工作”用work in the China’s Space Station，work作动词imagine的宾语，所以用动名词形式working，结合汉语，故翻译为：The little boy gazed at the night sky, imagining himself as an astronaut working in the China’s Space Station.
51．Just a few tips on how to incorporate can offer you double space and better lighting.
【详解】考查情态动词、短语、连词。表示“关于……的小妙招”用短语tips on；表示“如何收纳”用how to incorporate；表示“能”用can；表示“让你拥有”用 offer you；表示“双倍的空间”用 double space ；表示“和”用and；表示“更好的采光”用 better lighting；由情态动词can可知其后面动词用原形；句首单词首字母用大写；故填Just a few tips on how to incorporate can offer you double space and better lighting.
52．Unfortunately, the size you want isn’t available in our store.
【详解】考查定语从句和形容词。分析所给中文，可知，很遗憾做状语译为“Unfortunately”，根据题干知应该用available意为“可购得的”，所以主语为尺码译为“size”，你要的应该用定语从句修饰尺码译为“you want”，没有做谓语根据题干应译为“isn’t available”，我们店里译为“in our store”。故译为：Unfortunately, the size you want isn’t available in our store.
53．The death of the Queen marked the end of an era, before whose funeral TV stations broadcast a documentary / documentaries already made / made in advance in Queen’s honour / in honour of the Queen / in the name of the Queen to look back on/ to/ review her long life of 96 years / as a review of her long life of 96 years.
【详解】考查时态、定语从句、非谓语动词和介词短语。“女王的离世”作主语，表示为The death of the Queen，标志用mark，表示过去的事用一般过去时，“一个时代的终结”作宾语，表示为the end of an era，先行词是Queen，在定语从句中作定语，用whose引导，“以女王名义”表示in Queen’s honour或in honor of the Queen或in the name of the Queen ，表示目的用动词不定式形式或介词短语as a review of，“回顾”look back on/ review ，“她96年的漫长人生”表示为her long life of 96 years.故翻译为The death of the Queen marked the end of an era, before whose funeral TV stations broadcast a documentary / documentaries already made / made in advance in Queen’s honour / in honour of the Queen / in the name of the Queen to look back on/ to/ review her long life of 96 years / as a review of her long life of 96 years.
54．Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously./Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony.
【详解】考查倒装句、省略和介词短语。表示“只有”用only ，位于句首后面加介词短语，用部分倒装。“求同存异” 表示为seek common ground and reserve difference，通过用介词by，介词后用动名词，“凝聚力量，和谐发展”表示并列用gather strength and develop harmoniously表示，也可以用while表示省略，副词修饰动词develop，或介词短语修饰动词develop，故翻译为Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously./Only by seeking common ground and reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop harmoniously/Only by seeking common ground while reserving difference can a team gather strength and develop in harmony.
55．The celebrity’s views on the prospects for / of economic development turned out to be contradictory.
As it turned out, the celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory.
It turned out that celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory.
【详解】考查名词，介词短语，动词，定语从句以及主语从句。分析句子，句子描述的是过去的事实，故使用一般过去时。句中表示“那位名人的看法”用the celebrity’s views；表示“对于经济发展前景”用on the prospects for / of economic development，为介词短语作状语；表示“结果是”用turn out to be；表示“互相矛盾的”用形容词contradictory，作表语；同时，也可以使用as引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“正如事实结果那样”用as it turned out；同时还可以使用it turned out that固定句型，意为“结果是”，该结构中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。综上，故翻译为The celebrity’s views on the prospects for / of economic development turned out to be contradictory./ As it turned out, the celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory./It turned out that celebrity’s views on the prospects for/ of economic development were contradictory。
56．At the dinner of the Mid-Autumn Festival, father proposed/suggested a toast to the health of my family.
【详解】考查固定短语、专有名词、动词、名词。表示“中秋节”用the Mid-Autumn Festival；表示“……晚餐时”用at the dinner of；表示“父亲”用father；表示“提议”用propose或/suggest，作谓语动词；表示“为……干杯”用 a toast to …；表示“家人的健康”用the health of my family；本处表示的事情已发生，用一般过去时；句首单词首字母用大写。故翻译为At the dinner of the Mid-Autumn Festival, father proposed a toast to the health of my family. 或 At the dinner of the Mid-Autumn Festival, father suggested a toast to the health of my family.
57．Not until we took part in/participated in the military training did we learn the lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirit are all key factors leading to success.
【详解】考查倒装句、时态、非谓语动词和同位语从句。not until引导倒装句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。“参加”是take part in或participate in，表示过去用一般过去时，“教训”lesson后是对它进行解释说明的同位语从句，从句“毅力、纪律和团队精神都是导致成功的关键因素”成分和句意都完整，连接用that引导，“因素”是factor，“导致”是lead to，此处用其现在分词形式作factor的后置定语。结合其它翻译，故翻译为Not until we took part in/participated in the military training did we learn the lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirit are all key factors leading to success.
58．It is in this newly-opened restaurant that someone witnessed/saw the suspect commit the crime.
【详解】考查强调句。强调句是it is 被强调部分+that+其余部分，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，强调“在这家新开的饭店”in this newly-opened restaurant ，“目击”表示为witness或see，用一般过去时，see somebody do something表示看到全过程，“嫌疑犯”表示为the suspect， “实施犯罪”表示为commit the crime，故翻译为It is in this newly-opened restaurant that someone witnessed/saw the suspect commit the crime。
59．The educational resources on the internet are so abundant/rich that those loving learning can have free access to various courses.
【详解】考查状语从句、非谓语动词、时态和动词短语。“互联网上的教育资源”表示为The educational resources on the internet ，作主语，“如此……以至于”用so...that表示，引导状语从句，丰富是abundant或rich，“热爱学习的人”用非谓语动词作后置定语，表示主动用现在分词，表示为 those loving learning，“免费获得”是动词短语表示为have free access to，“各种课程”表示为various courses。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为The educational resources on the internet are so abundant/rich that those loving learning can have free access to various courses.
60．A quarter of students surveyed admitted having been /being distracted by mobile phones when crossing the street.
【详解】考查分数表达法、非谓语动词、动词时态、动词短语和时间状语从句的省略。表示“四分之一的学生”应用a quarter of students，做主语；表示“调查；受访”应用动词survey，students与survey之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作后置定语；表示“承认做某事”应用admit doing/having done ，作谓语动词，结合句意，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；表示“因……分心”应用be distracted by，作admit的宾语，students与distract之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态或动名词完成式的被动语态；表示“当过马路时”应用when they were crossing the street，when引导的时间状语从句主语they与主句主语一致，而且从句的谓语动词中含有be动词的形式were，所以时间状语词应使用省略形式when crossing the street。故翻译为A quarter of students surveyed admitted having been /being distracted by mobile phones when crossing the street。
61．These creative, heartwarming videos serve as a reminder that even though the outbreak of the virus requires us to isolate, we still feel a sense of kinship.
【详解】考查主谓一致，同位语从句和让步状语从句。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“这些创意、暖心的视频”译为these creative, heartwarming videos，作主语；“让我们明白”根据提示要用reminder，故译为固定搭配serve as a reminder，因主语为these videos，所以谓语动词应用复数。分析句子成分可知，“即使病毒的爆发要求我们隔离，我们仍然有一种惺惺相惜的感觉 ”应为reminder的同位语从句，且同位语从句里，应为even though引导的让步状语从句和主句。“病毒的爆发”译为the outbreak of the virus；“要求我们隔离”译为requires us to isolate，为固定用法require sb. to do sth.，照应主语the outbreak，所以谓语动词用单数；“我们仍然有一种惺惺相惜的感觉”应为主系表结构，we为主语； still feel为连系动词，still为副词，修饰动词feel；a sense of kinship为表语。故整句翻译为These creative, heartwarming videos serve as a reminder that even though the outbreak of the virus requires us to isolate, we still feel a sense of kinship.
62．Contrary to what people think, many developed countries also conduct exam-oriented education.
【详解】考查形容词、动词，名词、短语和宾语从句。句子陈述现在的事实，用一般现在时，根据英文提示，表示“与……不一样”用 contrary to，表示“和人们认为的”用what people think，这里是介词to后面的宾语从句，表示“发达国家”用developed country，这里是“许多的发达国家”，用many developed countries，表示“应试教育”用exam-oriented education，这里用conduct来作谓语表示“实施”。故答案为Contrary to what people think, many developed countries also conduct exam-oriented education。
63．The exhibits in the museum bear witness to the agricultural civilization of Egypt.
【详解】考查定语，固定搭配。根据汉意可知，“展品”译为the exhibit，为主语，展品不止一件，应用复数形式；“在博物馆”译为in the museum，为介词短语作后置定语修饰主语the exhibits；“见证”为固定搭配bear witness to，为谓语，客观描述，应用一般现在时；“农业文明”译为 agricultural civilization，作宾语；“埃及的”译为of Egypt，为介词短语作后置定语修饰agricultural civilization。故翻译为：The exhibits in the museum bear witness to the agricultural civilization of Egypt.
64．Despite the (growing) popularity of mobile payment, it has caused a lot of inconvenience to the elderly/old people who can’t see clearly and are not skilled/expert at using smartphones.
【详解】考查从句、名词、形容词和动词。“手机支付”用mobile payment表示；“越来越普及”用名词词组the growing popularity表示，用作让步状语，且使用介词despite“尽管”；“老眼昏花”用can’t see clearly表示；“不能熟练使用智能手机”可用be not skilled/expert at using smartphones表示；“老人”用the elderly/old表示，且因为“老眼昏花又不能熟练使用智能手机”是对老人的修饰，用who引导定语从句修饰the elderly/old；“给某人造成”用动词cause sth to sb表示，且因时间为从手机开始使用到如今的普及，使用现在完成时形式has caused；“诸多不便”用a lots of inconvenience表示。故整句翻译为Despite the growing popularity of mobile payment, it has caused a lot of inconvenience to the elderly/old people who can’t see clearly and are not skilled/expert at using smartphones。
65．The past few decades have seen people worshipping after foreign trends desperately, but now they are beginning to be increasingly interested in such traditional cultures as the tea ceremony and ancient poetry.
【详解】考查动词、名词、固定短语和时态。根据句意，可将“过去几十年”处理为拟人化的主语the past few decades；表示“见证”应用see作谓语，为现在完成时；表示“人们对国外潮流趋之若鹜”翻译为people worshipping after foreign trends desperately；but连接并列句，主语为they；表示“开始做某事”短语为begin to do sth.，为现在进行时；表示“对茶道，古诗词这样的传统文化越来越感兴趣”短语为be increasingly interested in such traditional cultures as the tea ceremony and ancient poetry。故翻译为The past few decades have seen people worshipping after foreign trends desperately, but now they are beginning to be increasingly interested in such traditional cultures as the tea ceremony and ancient poetry.
66．How come you forget to wear the mask again when you attend the meeting in such a special period
【详解】考查固定句型、从句和短语。句子陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时；表达“怎么会……”用how come+句子，表达“忘记做某事”用forget to do sth.，表达“戴口罩”用wear the mask；“开会时”处理为when引导的时间状语从句，表达“开会”用attend the meeting，表达“在这样一个特殊的时期”用in such a special period。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为How come you forget to wear the mask again when you attend the meeting in such a special period
67．Nowhere else in Shanghai can you find an Italian restaurant with purer/more authentic taste than here.
【详解】考查副词、时态及介词和倒装句。根据句意可知，句子陈述目前的情况，应用一般现在时，“没有其他地方”使用nowhere else，位于句首，后面使用部分倒装，“找到”使用find，“意大利餐馆” 使用an Italian restaurant，“味道比这里更纯正”使用with purer/more authentic taste than here。故翻译为Nowhere else in Shanghai can you find an Italian restaurant with purer/more authentic taste than here.
68．I am very satisfied that I can make contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West in my professional field.
【详解】考查从句和时态。表示“感到十分满足”的短语为be very satisfied；表示“为中西方文化交流做出贡献” 短语为make contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West；表示“在自己的专业领域”短语为in my professional field。分析句子可知，句子描述的是一般的情况，用一般现在时。be satisfied that 后接宾语从句。故可翻译为I am very satisfied that I can make contributions to the cultural exchanges between China and the West in my professional field.
69．With the joint efforts of the villagers, the once poor village has taken on a new look and achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation.
【详解】考查短语和时态。根据汉语提示，表示“在村们们的共同努力下”应该使用介词短语With the joint efforts of the villagers，作状语；表示“面貌焕然一新”应该用动词短语take on a new look；表示“取得显著成效”应该用动词短语achieve remarkable results；表示在“在脱贫方面”应该用 in poverty alleviation。本句描述的是动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响，故使用现在完成时。故翻译为With the joint efforts of the villagers, the once poor village has taken on a new look and achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation。
70．My cousin used to take an active part in all the running competitions, but now she has given up running.
【详解】考查动词时态和短语。表示“表姐”的英文为 cousin；表示“过去”短语为used to；表示“积极参加所有的跑步比赛”短语为take an active part in all the running competitions；表示“放弃跑步”短语为give up running。表示“但现在”短语为but now。根据句意“已经”可知，后半句用现在完成时。故可翻译为My cousin used to take an active part in all the running competitions, but now she has given up running.
71．Mop up the water on the floor at once in case someone slips.
【详解】考查祈使句和条件状语从句。“赶紧拖一下地板上的水”用祈使句，翻译为mop up the water on the floor at once，“以免”是in case，“有人滑倒”时态用一般现在时，翻译为someone slips，因此整句话翻译为Mop up the water on the floor at once in case someone slips.
72．Recent years has witnessed the quick development of the mountain village which was extremely poor.
【详解】考查固定句型，时态和主谓一致。分析句意和括号内提示witness可知，句子可用固定句型Recent years has witnessed......，表示近几年发生了什么事情；“小山村发展迅猛”用名词短语the quick development of the mountain village，作witnessed的宾语，“那个曾经一贫如洗的”用定语从句修饰village，时态用一般过去时，翻译为which was extremely poor，因此整句话翻译为Recent years has witnessed the quick development of the mountain village which was extremely poor.
73．It occurred to him that he could order hometown dishes / cuisine on the cellphone app and he placed an order without hesitation to cure homesickness / relieve the feeling of missing home.
【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。表示“某人突然想到……”句型为it occur to sb. that…；表示“这款手机应用上能够点到家乡菜”翻译为he could order hometown dishes / cuisine on the cellphone app；表示“毫不犹豫下了单”翻译为he placed an order without hesitation；表示“解思乡之愁”应用不定式to cure homesickness / relieve the feeling of missing home，作目的状语。句子用一般过去时。故翻译为It occurred to him that he could order hometown dishes / cuisine on the cellphone app and he placed an order without hesitation to cure homesickness / relieve the feeling of missing home.
74．Compared with the first version, this version is more detailed and vivid.
【详解】考查短语、形容词比较级和非谓语。表示“第一个版本”短语为the first version；compare with sth.意为“与某物相比”；表示“更详尽且生动”短语为more detailed and vivid。根据句意可知，句子描述的是一种看法，故用一般现在时。分析句子可知，the first version与compare 是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作句子的状语。故翻译为Compared with the first version, this version is more detailed and vivid.
75．The beauty of traditional lanterns lies in the interaction between / combination of / mixture of / integration of candlelight and paper-cutting.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“传统灯笼之美”短语为the beauty of traditional lanterns；表示“构成”可用短语lie in；表示“烛光和剪纸的交融”翻译为the interaction between / combination of / mixture of / integration of candlelight and paper-cutting。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为The beauty of traditional lanterns lies in the interaction between / combination of / mixture of / integration of candlelight and paper-cutting.
76．When I rode in Lushan Mountain with my primary school classmates that summer, we once saw that the top of the mountain was close at hand, but it was out of reach in fact.
【详解】考查时间状语从句和宾语从句。句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“那年夏天，我和小学同学结伴在庐山骑行”可译为一个时间状语从句，“那年夏天”译为that summer，“骑行”使用动词ride，“小学同学”译为primary school classmates，故从句翻译为when I rode in Lushan Mountain with my primary school classmates that summer，“一度”使用副词once，“看到”使用动词see，“山巅近在咫尺，然而它实则遥不可及”译为一个宾语从句，作动词see的宾语，“山巅”译为the top of the mountain，“近在咫尺”使用固定短语be close at hand，“然而”使用表示转折的连词but，“遥不可及”使用固定短语be out of reach，“实则”使用固定短语in fact，故翻译为：When I rode in Lushan Mountain with my primary school classmates that summer, we once saw that the top of the mountain was close at hand, but it was out of reach in fact.。
77．The scenes of the white pear blossoms against the clear blue sky are beautiful and unique, attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists.
【详解】考查时态、句子结构和非谓语动词。本句为主系表结构，主语The scenes of the white pear blossoms（雪白梨花……的美景）；介词短语against the clear blue sky（在湛蓝天空的映衬下），作后置定语；陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，系动词用are；形容词beautiful and unique（美丽独特）作表语；“吸引着络绎不绝的游客”用非谓语形式，表示一种必然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表达为：attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists，故全句翻译为：The scenes of the white pear blossoms against the clear blue sky are beautiful and unique, attracting a steady stream/continuous flow of tourists.
78．Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development.
【详解】考查宾语从句，动名词，时态和主谓一致。分析句意可知，句子表示客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“研究”是research/a study，“表明”是show/indicate，用第三人称单数，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，“饲养宠物”用动名词短语作主语，是keeping pets，“有助于”是contribute to，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，“人的心理健康”是people’s mental health，“性格培养”是character cultivation/building/development，两者用and连接，因此整句话翻译为“Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development”。故答案为Research/A study shows/indicates that keeping pets contributes to people’s mental health and character cultivation/building/development.
79．The elder sister differs completely from the younger one in character.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语和副词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“elder sister”表示“姐姐”，作主语，“differ from…”，意为“与……不同”，“sister”为可数名词单数，“differ”用三单形式“differs”，“completely”意为“完全地”，作状语，放在“differs”后面，“younger one”表示“妹妹”，“in character”表示“在性格上”，放在句末，句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为The elder sister differs completely from the younger one in character.
80．For railway fans, nothing is/there is nothing better than gazing out of the window at the view flying past.
【详解】考查动词短语。for“对于”，铁路迷可以翻译为“railway fans”，nothing better than“没有什么比……更好”；也可以用there be 句型。句子为描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。gaze at“凝视”，窗外可以翻译为“out of window”,飞快略过的风景可以翻译为“the view flying past”，其中flying为现在分词作定语，修饰view，和修饰的名词之间为主动关系。故翻译为For railway fans, nothing is/there is nothing better than gazing out of the window at the view flying past.