(共76张PPT)
Unit 6 Earth first
头脑风暴·思维发散
With the arrival of industrialization,people’s living standards have been greatly improved.But the pollution comes with it.Rivers are polluted and many marine organisms are in danger of extinction.People can’t always see the clear blue sky and white clouds.In order to improve our environment,we must act! Do you have any good suggestions
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
学习理解·语篇解构
核心知识·深入探究
备用讲义
语法专项指导
课时作业
学习理解·语篇解构
1.主题语境:人与自然——保护大白鲨。
2.语篇类型:说明文。
3.课文内容分析:课文围绕“鲨鱼是危险的动物还是濒危动物”这一问题展开讨论,
引发人们对保护海洋动物这一话题的关注。学习本文,有利于培养学生的环保意
识以及保护海洋动物的意识。
语篇导读 先行把握
多维解读 深度剖析
killing swimmers
strengthened
that
ate humans
swimming
killing
Finning
sharks being killed
was covered with
people
as a danger to sharks
fought
to
interested in
protect them from extinction
重点词汇
1.People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse.
(教材第62页)
人类本来就害怕鲨鱼,而电影《大白鲨》加深了这种恶劣印象。
核心知识·深入探究
◆scare v.使(某人)惊恐,吓唬
Rising prices are scaring customers off.
不断上涨的价格把顾客吓跑了。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①You can’t scare me into (tell) you anything.
②She moved quietly to avoid scaring the birds .
③I am not (scare) of anyone.
telling
away/off
scared
2.This was not only due to fear of sharks,but also finning.(教材第62页)
这不仅是因为人类对鲨鱼的恐惧,还因为采割鱼鳍。
◆due to 由于,因为
The restaurant’s success was due largely to its new manager.
这家餐馆的成功在很大程度上是因为新来的经理。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The live performance was put off due the bad weather.
②I didn’t buy that car because its high price.
to
of
3.“Sharks don’t target humans,”he said.(教材第63页)
“鲨鱼并不以人类为攻击目标。”他说。
◆target v.把……作为目标 n.目标,靶子
The advertisement was designed to target a mass audience.
这个广告是针对大众而设计的。
The company set annual growth targets of 8%-9%.
该公司设定了8%至9%的年增长目标。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①This kind of product is targeted young women.
②At the beginning of the year,they set target of selling 4,000
cars.
at
a
4.Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of
sharks—some became interested in understanding them.(教材第63页)
幸运的是,并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都变得害怕鲨鱼——有些人变
得有兴趣去了解它们。
◆fortunately adv.幸运地
Fortunately,curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned.
幸运的是,好奇心和不满足没有必要被学习。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
① (fortunate),no one was hurt.
②He has been waiting for a chance to make fortune overnight.
③I have been fortunate enough (visit) many parts of the
world as a lecturer.
Fortunately
a
to visit
5.Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed
with words and expressions from the passage.(教材第64页)
下列图表显示了人们对鲨鱼的态度的转变过程,完成图表,用文中的词汇和表达填空。
◆attitude n.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法,态度
A positive attitude is essential if you want to be successful.
你若想成功,积极的态度极为重要。
Youth is simply an attitude of mind.
青春仅仅是一种心态。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
altitude与attitude词形相似,但altitude意为“海拔高度;高处”。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①What is the author’s attitude the future of self-driving
cars
②As for students like us,we should have positive attitude
towards failure.
to/towards
a
6.We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes,which
affect the water supply downstream.(教材第65页)
我们也看到这些变化引起的干旱和洪水,这会影响下游的供水。
◆supply n.煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
v.供应,供给,提供
Supplies of food are almost exhausted.
贮存的食物快吃完了。
Local schools supply many of the volunteers.
许多志愿者来自当地学校。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The company will supply you food and rooms.
②The war cut off the supply oil to this country.
with
of
7.Reduce waste by choosing reusable products...(教材第66页)
通过选择可重复使用的产品来减少浪费……
◆reduce v.减少,降低
Giving up smoking reduces the risk of heart disease.
戒烟会降低得心脏病的风险。
Small businesses will need to reduce costs in order to survive.
小企业要想生存,必须削减成本。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
reduce(减少)的同义词是decrease,反义词是increase、rise(增加)。这三个词与reduce用法一样,后可接to...表示增减的结果,接by...表示增减的幅度。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①With great effort,she has reduced her weight 1 kilogram in the
past seven days.
②It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed 15 kilometres
an hour.
by
to
8.A polite interruption is usually framed as a request for permission to
interrupt someone...(教材第67页)
礼貌地打断通常被理解为请求允许打断某人……
◆permission n.允许,许可
You must ask permission for all major expenditure.
一切重大开支均须报请批准。
Radios are not permitted in the library.
图书馆内不许使用收音机。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①You can’t use his car without (permit).
②They don’t permit (smoke) in the dining room.
③We will go fishing if the weather (permit).
④Parents should not permit their kids (travel) alone at
night.
permission
smoking
permits
to travel
重点句式
In 1980,Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.(教材第63页)
1980年,本奇利在潜水的时候看到了可怕的一幕。
◆be doing...when...正在做……,这时(突然)……
I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.
我正想着这件事,突然听到有人叫我的名字。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①They were about (leave) the house when the earthquake
occurred.
②Granny was reading a book she heard a knock on the door.
③The sailors were on the point of (give) up when help came.
to leave
when
giving
长难句分析
Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.(教材第62页)
许多看过电影的人开始相信,鲨鱼是吃人的有害动物。
此句式为主从复合句。句子主干为Many people...started to believe,引导词who引导的是一个定语从句,修饰先行词people,且在从句中作主语;第一个that引导的是宾语从句,而第二个that引导的是一个定语从句,修饰先行词bad animals,且在从句中作主语。
备用讲义
1.Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins
cut off.(教材第62页)
采割鱼鳍是一种渔猎活动,人们捕到鲨鱼后将鱼鳍割下。
◆cut off 切断;中止,隔绝
The new factory cuts off our view of the hills.
新建的工厂挡住了我们观山景的视线。
Without a car we felt cut off.
没有车我们觉得与外界隔绝了。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①She was pretty cut about them leaving.
②When their children lived far away from them,these old people felt cut
from the world.
③He cut the tree and cut it up for fire wood.
up
off
down
2.He came to see people as a danger to sharks,rather than the other
way round.(教材第63页)
他意识到人类才是鲨鱼的威胁,而鲨鱼并非人类的敌人。
◆rather than而不是
I,rather than you,should do the work.
该做这个工作的是我,而不是你。
We are doing this for our company rather than for ourselves.
我们是为了公司才这么做的,而不是为了我们自己。
[备用例句]
Most food webs,for instance,consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.
例如,大部分食物网络是由许多弱势连接而不是几个强势连接组成的。
She would like to stay at home on Sundays rather than attend parties.
她周日喜欢待在家里而不是参加聚会。
温馨提示
(1)rather than用于连接两个并列成分,后接名词、代词、介词(短语)、形容词、
副词、v.-ing形式或不定式(rather than之后的并列不定式可省略to);
(2)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与它前面的名词或代
词在人称和数上保持一致。
3.This includes keeping the original environment from being touched,as
well as adopting new,sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.(教材第
65页)
这包括保持原有环境不被破坏,以及采用新的,可持续的方式喂养农场动物。
◆adopt v.采取(某种方法),采纳;收养
All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.
三个队都对此问题采用了不同的方案。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The suggestion that the new rule (adopt) came
from the chairman.
②She treated her (adopt) son as if he were her own child.
(should) be adopted
adopted
4.The less energy you use,the less carbon dioxide is released.(教材第66页)
你使用的能源越少,排出的二氧化碳就越少。
◆the+比较级...,the+比较级...
The more she learns,the more she wants to learn.
她越学越想学。
The higher the ground is,the thinner air becomes.
离地面越高,空气就越稀薄。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The (hard) you work,the more chances you will have.
②The longer you live in this city, healthier you will become.
harder
the
语法专项指导
现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语
语法原句再现
①We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.(教材第62页)
②It made people frightened of sharks,especially of the great white
shark.(教材第62页)
③People just wanted them killed.(教材第62页)
④Benchley saw sharks being killed...(教材第63页)
试分析以上黑体部分在句中所起的作用,并比较以上动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式所表达意义的不同。
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
可接分词作宾补的常见动词有感官动词see、watch、observe、look、notice、hear、listen、feel等,使役动词have、get,还有find、leave、keep、catch等。
(1)现在分词作宾补。
动词-ing形式作宾补,表示动作的过程,即动作正在进行,尚未结束。宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表主动。
I hear someone knocking at the door.
我听到有人正在敲门。
I’m sorry to keep you waiting for a long time.
我非常抱歉让你等了那么长时间。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①I noticed a group of children (play) football on the
playground.
②He was just about to sit down when he felt something (move)
near his feet.
playing
moving
(2)过去分词作宾补。
表明动作已完成或者表示该动作已经完成的结果,它与宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表被动。
He saw the man caught by the police.
他看到那个人被警察抓住了。
I’m going to have my hair cut today.
今天我打算去理发。
I found the leaves fallen two days ago.
两天前我发现这些树叶落下来了。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①He felt himself (cheat) that day.
②We found our hometown greatly (change).
cheated
changed
真题赏析
1.They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes
for new beginnings.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)
2.Imagine a child (stand) on a diving board four feet high.
(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五改编)
答案及剖析:
1.coming 考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用coming来作宾语补足语。
2.standing 考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意:想象一个孩子站在四英尺高的跳板上。宾语a child与非谓语动词stand之间为主动关系,故用standing作宾语补足语。
coming
standing
3.Further up,the weather changes and you will find the side of the
mountain (cover) with thick grass.
(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空改编)
答案及剖析:
3.covered 考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。句意:再往上走,天气变了,然后你会发现山坡被厚厚的草地覆盖。本句宾语是the side of the mountain与非谓语动词cover之间为被动关系,故用covered作宾语补足语。
covered
1.Mr Smith was angry to have caught the student (sleep) in
class.
2.When I got there,I found him (repair) farm tools.
3.When I got there,I found the farm tools (repair).
4.Just then he heard someone (call) for help.
5.He worked so hard that he got his pay (raise).
6.The speaker raised his voice to make himself (hear).
7.When we got to school,we saw the door (lock).
8.The workers had the machines (run) all night long to finish
the work on time.
单句语法填空
语法专项训练
sleeping
repairing
repaired
calling
raised
heard
locked
running
9.People in the south have their houses (make) of bamboo.
10.I’m sorry to have kept you (worry) about me.
made
worrying
1.She lost her watch,but (fortunate)her father found it on
his way to the school.
2.Happiness and success often favour those are good at discovering
their own strengths.
3.The sharks are thrown back into the sea they die slowly and
painfully.
4.No scientists can exactly figure out what caused the .
(extinct) of the dinosaurs.
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.语境填词
fortunately
who
where
extinction
5.I told him how (scare) I was of being on my own.
6.The company has targeted adults its primary customers.
7.All this helps children to develop an inquiring attitude .
learning.
8.I am sure that it will have an effect our natural environment.
9.We congratulated him on his being admitted the Party.
scared
as
to/towards
on
to
1.他正沿街走着,突然认出了一位老朋友。
He he spied an old friend.
2.幸好有人能保持镇定,请来了医生。
someone kept his head and called a doctor.
3.你是否付出艰苦努力以取得成功,而不是只在那里做白日梦
Do you work hard for success daydream about it
4.这个消息使我想知道接下来会发生什么事情。
The news left me .
5.她必须大声喊才能让人听见她说话。
She had to shout to .
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
was walking down the street when
It was fortunate that
rather than
wondering what would happen next
make herself heard
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Our environment isn’t as green and beautiful as it should be.There are steel (钢铁) monsters blocking out the sun,blowing out dangerous smoke,and letting out poisonous chemicals into the rivers,cars producing harmful waste gas,people throwing out waste in a wrong way and all other kinds of sources that ruin the planet.Facing current environmental problems,people need to do their best to save the earth.
You can see many big garbage dustbins in the streets.They’re not there for a show,but for you to drop your waste.We should realise that what we do does count.So next time you get that urge to throw gum or a chocolate package out of the car window,or “accidentally” drop as you walk down the street,ask yourself how much waste you’ve been contributing to the environment with that bad habit going on for years.
At home,the first thing we can do to protect the environment is to avoid letting water run continuously and make sure that taps (水龙头) are not leaky (漏的),which would help greatly in scrimping (节省).Another is to use energy-saving lights,and turn them off before you leave the rooms.It is not only energy-saving,but also cuts down electricity costs.
Recycling is a method to make items reusable.Many things you want to throw out can be made into new products through the reproducing process.
Use your imagination to come up with ways on things that you can use again.
Pass the message of simple ways to save the environment on to kids.
Starting with kids is a good way of teaching the message early in their lives,in the hope that they can carry it forward as they grow older.
With environmental protection awareness in mind,we can do what we can,for the results are to have a big effect on the planet.As long as we do our part,the world is one small step closer to being saved.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些如何保护环境的方法。阅读本文有利于培养学生的环境保护意识。
1.In the first paragraph the author uses “steel monsters” to describe
.
A.huge buildings
B.high mountains
C.big factories
D.characters in fairy stories
答案及剖析:
1.C 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词汇意义的能力。根据画线词后的“blocking out the sun,blowing out dangerous smoke,and letting out poisonous chemicals into the rivers”可知,steel monsters遮挡太阳、排出有害气体并将有毒的化学物质排入河流,由此推断,steel monsters指的就是大工厂,故C项正确。
2.From the fifth paragraph,we can know that .
A.protecting the environment begins with small chores
B.protecting the environment should start from childhood
C.wonderful life comes from environmental protection
D.protecting the environment benefits the country and the people
答案及剖析:
2.B 主旨大意题。考查学生对理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第五段中的“Pass the message of simple ways to save the environment on to kids.Starting with kids is a good way of teaching the message early in their lives...”可知,保护环境要从娃娃抓起,把环保意识和方法教给孩子们,故B项正确。
3.Which of the following is NOT true
A.The more people do their part,the greener the environment will be.
B.Selling what you don’t want any more is a kind of recycling.
C.To protect the environment may help you save some money.
D.Your bad habits for the environment are a valuable contribution.
答案及剖析:
3.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推理判断的能力。根据第二段内容可知,我们的不良行为加速了环境问题,破坏了环境,故选D项。
4.The passage is mainly about .
A.the use of garbage dustbins
B.how to save water and electricity
C.how to save the environment
D.our current environmental problems
答案及剖析:
4.C 主旨大意题。考查学生对理解文本主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一些保护环境的方法,故C项正确。
B
A rescue centre in Alaska has taken in an orphaned baby seal (海豹) that was still in the body when a hunter killed its mother on Easter Sunday.
The Alaska Sea Life Centre says a hunter killed the baby’s mother in a village on Nelson Island in the Bering Sea.The hunter then realised there was a live baby inside the seal and successfully delivered (接生) it.
The hunter’s daughter found a hotline of the Seward Rescue Centre and called to report the incident.Guided by centre staff,a village teacher helped transport the baby to the local airport,and the animal was flown to Anchorage.The Alaska Sea Life Centre members met the baby,now called Maxwell,at the Anchorage airport and drove him to Seward on Monday.Staff members say the baby has responded well to food and care,but his condition is still considered very serious.
“Maxwell was close to full-term,and everything looks fairly normal,” said Pam Tuomi,a centre vet.“But babies that have never received antibodies (抗体) from their mothers’ milk are at higher risk of infection (感染),so we will keep Maxwell in a separate place and watch him closely for the next few weeks.”
The Sea Life Centre is Alaska’s only permanent facility licensed to house stranded marine mammals and seabirds.The staff choose a theme each year for naming animals admitted there,and this year the names are related to caffeine.
“We hope to give Maxwell a second chance to live as a wild sea,” said Brett Long,the centre’s director.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了阿拉斯加海洋生物中心收留一个海豹孤儿的故事。阅读本文有助于培养学生保护野生动物的意识。
5.What can we learn from the passage
A.The mother seal was killed in order to protect the baby seal.
B.The mother seal was killed before the baby seal was born.
C.The cruel hunter was unwilling to save the baby seal.
D.Both the mother seal and the baby seal were in good condition now.
答案及剖析:
5.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第二段可知,猎人杀死海豹后,意识到在母海豹体内还有一个活的小海豹,所以小海豹出生前,母海豹就已经死了,选项B正确,故选B。
6.What did the hunter’s daughter do with the baby seal
A.She helped to feed it.
B.She delivered it successfully.
C.She reported it to a rescue centre.
D.She persuaded her father to save it.
答案及剖析:
6.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“The hunter’s daughter found a hotline of...incident.(猎人的女儿找到了海洋生物救援中心的热线电话,给他们打电话报告了小海豹的事。)”可知选项C正确,故选C。
7.The underlined “him” in the third paragraph probably refers to .
A.the hunter
B.the baby seal
C.a member of the centre
D.the village teacher
答案及剖析:
7.B 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词汇意义的能力。根据第三段画线代词him前的“The Alaska Sea Life Center members met the baby...(阿拉斯加海洋生物中心的人员见到这只小海豹……)”可知,him指代的是小海豹,故选B。
8.What do we know about the baby seal’s condition now
A.It still faces the danger of dying young.
B.It is only half of the normal size.
C.It is found to be difficult to feed.
D.It will be set free into the sea soon.
答案及剖析:
8.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推理判断的能力。根据第四段中的“But babies that have never received antibodies from their mothers’ milk are at higher risk of infection...”可知,小海豹没有喝过母奶,所以会面临更高的感染的风险,一旦感染就会死亡,小海豹就面临早逝的危险。故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空
High on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 1. (lie) China’s “water tower” Sanjiangyuan.It is the source of China’s three rivers:the Yellow River,the Yangtze River,and the Lancang River.It is the three rivers 2. provide water for about half the population of China.However,human activities are putting this ecosystem 3. risk.Hopefully,though,we can reverse (彻底转变) this damage.In 2016,the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai Province.Since then,the park has increased the 4. (area) green coverage and attracted more wildlife.The local government has also made every effort to improve biological diversity.The success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a 5. (green) future.With Sanjiangyuan 6. (take) the lead,nine other regions in China 7. (choose) by a field conservation station to carry out projects over the past three years,8. will form a national park system together.The idea of a national park system is still new in China,but 9. (it) realisation is urgent.After all,building an ecological civilisation bears great 10. (important) in the development and progress of human civilisation.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。三江源地区是长江、黄河、澜沧江的发源地。人类活动等因素使这一地区的生态系统处于危险境地。为保护这一地区的生态环境,国家建立了三江源国家公园。阅读本文有利于培养学生的环保意识。
答案及剖析:
1.lies 考查时态和主谓一致。这是一个倒装句,主语为China’s “water tower” Sanjiangyuan,此处描述客观事实,故谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数。
2.that 考查强调句型。此句去掉It is和空格之后为完整的句子the three rivers provide water for about half the population of China,故此句为强调句型,此处强调事物,用that。
3.at 考查介词。put...at risk表示“置……于危险境地”,为固定搭配。
4.area’s 考查名词。分析句子结构可知,此处在句子中作定语修饰coverage,故用area’s。
5.greener 考查比较级。此处表示三江源的成功将标志着一个更加绿色的未来的开始,语境中暗含比较意义。
6.taking 考查非谓语动词。此处Sanjiangyuan和动词take之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式构成“with+名词+现在分词”的复合结构。
7.have been chosen 考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,空格处为谓语部分;由句中的时间状语over the past three years可知,谓语应用现在完成时;主语“nine other regions in China”表示复数概念,且与动词choose之间为动宾关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。
8.which 考查定语从句的关系词。空后的谓语“will form”与空前句中的谓语之间无并列连词,故此处应为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词nine other regions in China,从句中缺少主语,故用which。
9.its 考查代词。名词前应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故用its。
10.importance 考查名词。空格处作动词bears的宾语,故用名词形式。(共68张PPT)
Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
学习理解·语篇解构
核心知识·深入探究
备用讲义
写作专项指导
课时作业
学习理解·语篇解构
1.主题语境类型:人与自然——环保理念和绿色生活。
2.语篇类型:报刊社论。
3.课文内容分析:介绍了生活中常见的关于环境保护的几个认识误区,引导学生对
所谓的生活常识持批判的态度,辩证地看待问题。
语篇导读 先行把握
多维解读 深度剖析
a danger to wild animals
break
down
energy and water
greenhouse
gases
reusable
bag
turn
off
Remove the
plug
half
true
the production of food
how long you
spend
重点词汇
1....and the majority of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste
and pollution.(教材第68页)
……并且我们大部分人也采取了各种行动来节约能源,减少浪费和污染。
核心知识·深入探究
◆majority n.多数,大多数(人或物)
The majority of workers find it necessary to learn new skills.
大多数职工都觉得学习新技能是有必要的。
This treatment isn’t available in the majority of hospitals.
大多数医院都不提供这种治疗。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
the majority of作主语时,谓语动词的数要取决于其后名词的数。
The majority of patients are elderly.
大多数患者是老年人。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①In this city,young people are the majority.
②The majority of people (be) in favour of banning smoking now.
in
are
2.When you turn off a device,it stops using power (教材第69页)
关掉的电器不耗电
◆turn off关闭,关掉
The light is too harsh,and you can turn it off.
那灯光太刺眼,你可以关掉它。
Would you mind if I turn off the radio
要是我关掉收音机你介意吗
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①It’s so noisy.Will you please have your radio (turn) down
a little
②I have been waiting for him here.But he hasn’t turned yet.
③If you have any problems,please turn Mr Li for help.
turned
up
to
3.To make sure your appliance is in fact off,remove the plug from its
power supply.(教材第69页)
为确保你的电器设备彻底关闭,请从电源上拔下电器插头。
◆remove v.移走,搬走,去掉
Remove the old wallpaper and fill any holes in the walls.
去除旧墙纸,并把墙上的洞都填平。
She removed her glasses and rubbed her eyes.
她摘下眼镜,并揉了揉眼睛。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①As soon as the cake is done,remove it the oven.
②Illegally parked vehicles will be (remove).
from
removed
4.In some cases,local produce might have used more energy and produced
more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking
into account its transport.(教材第69页)
在有些情况下,即使将运输的因素考虑在内,本地的农产品也可能比距离遥远的外
地种植的农产品耗能更多,所产生的温室气体也更多。
◆take...into account 把……考虑进去
I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account.
我真诚地希望你将我的建议考虑在内。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The flight was postponed account of bad weather.
完成句子
②离开住宅时,千万要锁门。
should the house be left unlocked.
③这场大雨可能是今天上午这么多学生缺席的原因。
The heavy rain may have the absence of so many students
this morning.
on
On no account
accounted for
5.We are concerned that...(教材第71页)
我们担心……
◆concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的
Concerned parents held a meeting.
忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。
The president is deeply concerned about this issue.
总统对这一问题深感焦虑。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①As far as I’m (concern),I have changed a lot because of
the lesson.
②We are concerned her health and well-being.
concerned
about/for
6.Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint.(教材第
72页)
看一下这三种导致碳足迹的东西。
◆contribute v.促成,造成(某事发生);投稿;捐献
I hope I can contribute to our team.
我希望我能为我们的团队做出贡献。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Running in the morning (contribute) to your health.
②The writer contributed his novel a newspaper and got it
published.
③These scientists have made great (contribute) to our
country.
contributes
to
contributions
重点句式
It is the production of food,not its transport,that uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.(教材第69页)
与运输相比,食物的生产过程才是消耗大部分能源及产生大部分温室气体的原因。
◆It is... that... 强调句型
It was Peter who helped me carry these boxes yesterday.
昨天正是Peter帮我搬这些箱子的。
It was in this park that she met her husband for the first time.
她和丈夫正是在这个公园里第一次见面的。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
①判断句子是不是强调句,就是把句子中的It is/was和that/who去掉,将语序加以
调整,能还原为完整句子且句意依然完整,则为强调句型。
②强调句型能强调除谓语动词外的句子成分。
③被强调部分为人时,可用who/that;被强调部分是事物时,用that。
语境运用
① .
② .
③ .
④ ..
It was John who/that wore his best suit to the dance last night.
It was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night.
It was to the dance that John wore his best suit last night.
It was last night that John wore his best suit to the dance.
长难句分析
...eating local food should be better for the environment,because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold during transport.(教材第69页)
……吃本地产的食物更环保,因为不需要长途低温运输。
本句是主从复合句。because引导的是原因状语从句,主句的主语为动名词短语,从句是由and连接的两个并列动作构成。
备用讲义
1.However,making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a
plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.(教材第68页)
然而,生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的四倍,耗水则多达三倍。
◆此句式为倍数+as...as...结构
My school has expanded into a big one,which is three times as big as the previous one.
我们学校已扩大成为一个比原来大三倍的学校。
The electronic waste is increasing three times as fast as traditional garbage.
电子垃圾的增长是传统垃圾的三倍。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
表示“两倍”时用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”表达。此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数,half等其他程度状语。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①This bridge is three times the length that one.
②My room is four times (large) than yours.
③His car is twice expensive as Mr.Green’s.
of
larger
as
2.To make sure your appliance is in fact off,remove the plug from its
power supply.(教材第69页)
为确保电器设备彻底关闭,请从电源上拔下电器插头。
◆make sure确定,确信,查明,弄清楚
In order to make sure all of us are in good health,and she makes specific plans for us.
为了确保我们身体健康,她为我们制定了具体计划。
First of all,parents should make sure that their children receive a good school education.
首先,父母应确保他们的孩子接受良好的学校教育。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
make sure一般不跟不定式,make sure后跟从句时,常用一般现在时态代替将来时。
语境运用
完成句子
①You should (确保)that the door is locked before you
leave the office.
②I know he will come to see me tomorrow (无疑地).
③As far as I know,she (一定会
参加明天的会议).
make sure
for sure
is sure to attend tomorrow’s meeting
写作专项指导
Writing a persuasive letter
文本解读
1.文体类型:劝说信,属于应用文。
2.要点内容:(1)介绍“光盘行动”及其原因;(2)就如何做到提出3条建议;(3)活动
的意义,并发出号召。
思路指引
实用表达
劝说信首段常用句式:
I’m writing to persuade you to...
First of all,I think it would be better if...
Here I’d like to give my advice on .../ I would like to suggest that...
劝说信中段常用句式:
If I were you,I would...
I’m writing to give some suggestions to .../ I will try my best to make some constructive suggestions.
劝说信尾段常用句式:
In my opinion...
Please take good consideration of my advice.Thank you.
Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
These are my suggestions and I hope they could mean something for a better future of...
佳作建构
假设你是李华,最近“光盘行动”在社会上很受欢迎,所以你准备用英语写一份倡议书,在校英语报上发表,鼓励你校的学生也积极参与“光盘行动”,杜绝食物浪费。内容包括:
1.“光盘行动”的目的;
2.校园内的食物浪费现象;
3.具体倡议。
注意:
1.词数为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. n.运动,活动
2. v.把……作为目标
3. v.减少,降低
4. n.餐厅,食堂
5. adj.很严重的
campaign
target
reduce
canteen
severe
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
完成句子
1.最近,在我们的社会中,“光盘行动”运动已经变得越来越受欢迎。
Recently,the“Clear Your Plate”campaign has .
in our society.
2.这项运动旨在提高人们减少浪费的意识。
The campaign targets people’s .
3.这项运动让我注意到校园里的食物浪费现象。
The campaign food waste on campus.
4.在我们学校,一些学生被注意到在食堂扔掉很多食物。
In our school,some students .
in the canteen.
become
more
and
more
popular
awareness
of
reducing
waste
draws
my
attention
to
are
noticed
to
throw
away
a
lot
of
food
5.毫无疑问,食物浪费已经成为校园里一个严重的问题。
food waste has become a
severe problem on campus.
6.为了改善这种情况,我们应该对食物浪费说“不”。
In order to improve the situation,we should .
.
7.我们应该养成不买超过自己需要的东西的习惯。
We should never buying more than
.
8.节约粮食是我们的责任。
to save food.
9.让我们行动起来,创造一个更美好的世界。
Let’s to create a better world.
There
is
no
doubt
that
say
“No”
to
food
waste
form
the
habit
of
what
we
need
It’s
our
duty
take
action
亮点提升
1.将第1、第2句合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句。
Recently,the“Clear Your Plate” campaign has become more and more popular in our society,which targets people’s awareness of reducing waste.
2.将第6、第7句合并成一句话。
In order to improve the situation,we should say “No” to food waste and form the habit of never buying more than what we need.
范文展示
Dear fellow students,
I’m Li Hua.Recently,the “Clear Your Plate” campaign has become more and more popular in our society,which targets people’s awareness of reducing waste.The campaign draws my attention to food waste on campus.
In our school,some students are noticed to throw away a lot of food in the canteen.There is no doubt that food waste has become a severe problem on campus.
In order to improve the situation,we should say “No” to food waste,
and form the habit of never buying more than what we need.
It’s our duty to save food.So let’s take action to create a better world.
Thank you!
假设你是某中学高一学生会主席李华,你们学校被选定为垃圾分类试点单位。请你根据以下要点,用英语写一份倡议书,倡议全体同学参与垃圾分类,写作要点包括:
1.介绍主题;
2.提出建议;
3.说明垃圾分类的意义。
注意:
1.写作词数为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。
参考词汇:试点单位 experimental unit;可回收利用的 recyclable。
写作练习
Dear fellow students,
Thank you!
写作指导
One possible version:
Dear fellow students,
I’m Li Hua.Our school has been selected as one of the experimental units for garbage classification.Therefore,it’s our duty to carry out the program.
My suggestion is that different kinds of garbage should be sorted out and placed in different dustbins.For example,paper can be sorted into the recyclable waste,while leftovers should be classified as kitchen waste.What’s more,
poisonous things such as used batteries should not be mixed with other garbage.
The program is of great benefit.We will be able to save resources by making use of recyclable garbage and prevent poisonous things from polluting our environment after special treatment.So let’s work together to make our campus more beautiful.
Thank you!
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.语境填词
1. They (establish)the headquarters in Beijing in 1990.
2.I was (concern)that I was not protected and would get a
sunburn.
3.The president could only (remove)from power once free
elections were organised.
4.I’m sure your suggestion will contribute solving the problem.
established
concerned
be removed
to
5.The plan is top-secret and we can’t allow it (leak) to
anyone.
6.Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals which
mistake them food.
7.Our English teacher creates a relaxed atmosphere in class we
are free to express ourselves.
8.If the manager has to choose between the two applicants,he will say
John is better choice.
9.It’s your efforts not your intelligence that (determine)
your success.
10.Their new system looks modern and advanced ours,in contrast,
seems very old-fashioned.
to be leaked
for
where
the
determine
while
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.每次我见到他的时候,他都在全身心地工作。
Every time I saw him,he always .
2.日晒、吸烟和饮酒都会对外表造成不良影响。
Sun exposure,smoking and alcohol use were all found to .
appearance.
3.汽车的功率越大,就越难驾驶。
the car is, it is to handle.
4.政府将投巨资修建一座博物馆。
The government will invest in building a
museum.
devoted himself to his work
have a negative
effect on
The more powerful
the more difficult
a large amount of money
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Human demands for natural resources have doubled in less than 50 years and are now beyond what the earth can provide,a report warned.If humans carry on like this,we will need two earths by 2030.The population of wildlife has fallen by 60% in thirty years.
The report said British people are consuming (消耗) far more than the earth can deal with.If everyone lived such a lifestyle,humans would need 2.75 planets to survive.People are now living lifestyles which would require 1.5 planets,though there are great differences between rich and poor nations.
Researchers studied the global change in land use and water consumption.The UK comes the 31st in a list of countries based on “ecological footprint (生态足迹)” that measures how much land and sea each person needs to produce the resources they consume and to absorb
(吸收) the wastes.The UK has fallen down from the 15th place in the last report two years ago to the 31st place,but the WWF believes it is an increase in other countries’ efforts rather than a reduction in the UK’s use of resources.
Ireland has the 10th highest ecological footprint,while the United Arab Emirates,Qatar,Denmark,Belgium and the US are the five worst countries for over-consumption of resources.The study suggests if the expected global population of 9.2 billion in 2050 were to eat a Malaysian diet,1.3 planets would be needed but if everyone were to eat an Italian diet,humans would need almost two planets.Those countries that can provide the highest quality of life using the lowest amount of resources will not only serve the global interest,but will be the leaders in a resource-limited world.
语篇导读:本文为一篇说明文,讲述人类在透支地球的资源。阅读本文有利于培养学生的环境保护意识。
1.We will probably need earths if we follow the British lifestyle.
A.1.3 B.2.75 C.2 D.1.5
答案及剖析:
1.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“If everyone lived such a lifestyle,humans would need 2.75 planets to survive.”可知,如果按照英国的生活方式,我们可能需要2.75个地球。故选B。
2.What do we know about “ecological footprint”
A.It has something to do with human demands for resources and their wastes.
B.It is used to produce the resources and absorb the wastes.
C.We can know the total amount of resources on the earth through it.
D.It is about changes in land use and water consumption across the globe.
答案及剖析:
2.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推理判断的能力。根据第三段中的“...based on ‘ecological footprint’ that measures how much land and sea each person needs to produce the resources they consume and to absorb the wastes.”可知,生态足迹与人类对资源的需求和浪费有关。故选A。
3.The WWF believes that .
A.the earth won’t be able to meet human needs after 50 years
B.the UK has possibly not reduced the use of resources over the past
two years
C.Ireland has a lower ecological footprint than the UK
D.there are no big differences in lifestyle between rich and poor
nations
答案及剖析:
3.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段最后一句可知,WWF组织认为,英国可能没有减少对资源的使用。故选B。
4.It can be learned from the text that Malaysia .
A.has a larger population than Italy
B.consumes fewer resources than Italy
C.would need almost two planets
D.has the highest quality of life
答案及剖析:
4.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推理判断的能力。根据最后一段第二句“如果2050年全球92亿人口以马来西亚人的饮食为标准,那么就需要1.3个星球,而如果每个人都以意大利人的饮食为标准,那么人类就需要两个星球”可推断,马来西亚人的消费模式消耗的资源比意大利人的少。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Travelling to a European country with my mother was exciting.However,it would not be 1 without facing problems and figuring them out.
We had just started to get 2 with the Paris subway system.Thus using it was very difficult.We were walking at a slow pace until we 3 the subway was about to leave.As soon as I 4 ,the doors shut with Mum on the other side.I did not have my cellphone,neither of us spoke a word of French,and we had no idea how to 5 each other.Mum and I who were both 6 ,began to pound (猛击) on the doors.Suddenly,a man with a very puzzled look on his face walked over to the doors and simply 7 them.Mum stepped on and we hugged as if we 8 for the first time in years.A huge sense of 9 washed over us,followed by embarrassment.
10 ,Mum and I were able to 11 the victories of finding destinations.We began to familiarise ourselves with the neighbourhood, 12 finding our favourite breakfast café,and walking to museums and back.The trip to Paris was 13 .It taught me it is unavoidable to run into 14 when trying to explore an unfamiliar area,but 15 you continue to work,you will improve.
语篇导读:这是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过讲述“我”和妈妈在巴黎乘坐地铁发生的故事,说明了迎接挑战会让人进步。阅读本文有利于培养学生积极的心理品质,养成自信自爱、坚韧乐观的品质。
思维导图
1.A.beneficial B.typical C.practical D.complete
2.A.content B.familiar C.bored D.popular
答案及剖析:
1.D 结合下文“It taught me it is unavoidable to run into 14 when trying to explore an unfamiliar area,but 15 you continue to work,you will improve.”可知,“我”和妈妈去巴黎的经历对“我们”是有好处的,让“我们”得到进步。所以,清楚了“我们”在巴黎旅游中碰到的问题让“我们”的这次旅行变得完整(complete)。故选D。
2.B 结合下文“Thus using it was very difficult.”因此使用起来非常困难。可知,对于巴黎的地铁“我”和妈妈是刚刚开始熟悉(familiar)。故选B。
3.A.guessed B.realised C.predicted D.felt
4.A.got on B.speeded up C.started off D.fell over
答案及剖析:
3.B 结合本句中“We were walking at a slow pace(我们走得很慢)”以及“the subway was about to leave(地铁即将离开)”可知,地铁要离开时“我”和妈妈才意识到(realised)这点。故选B。
4.A 根据本句中“the doors shut with my mum on the other side”并结合上文“我”和妈妈在坐地铁的情境,可知,此处指的是“我”一上车(got on),车门就关了。故选A。
5.A.comfort B.encourage C.remind D.connect
6.A.shocked B.regretful C.anxious D.embarrassed
7.A.unlocked B.destroyed C.closed D.repaired
答案及剖析:
5.D 根据上文“the doors shut with my mum on the other side”可知,车门把“我”和妈妈隔开了。结合“I did not have my cellphone,neither of us spoke a word of French”可知,此处表示“我”和妈妈没法取得联系(connect)。故选D。
6.C 根据前一句“we had no idea how to 5 each other”可知,“我”和妈妈都比较着急(anxious)。故选C。
7.A 结合上文“the doors shut with my mum on the other side”可知,这个人应该是把车门打开(unlock)。故选A。
8.A.survived B.reunited C.responded D.communicated
9.A.shame B.anger C.relief D.peace
答案及剖析:
8.B 根据上文“the doors shut with my mum on the other side”及“Suddenly,a man with a very puzzled look on his face walked over to the doors and simply 7 them.”可知,打开门之后,妈妈上了车,“我”和妈妈是又一次在一起(reunited)了。故选B。
9.C 根据上文“My mum stepped on and we hugged”可知,此处表示对“我”和妈妈而言,此刻就是一种欣慰(relief),不再担心被分开。故选C。
10.A.Suddenly B.Eventually C.Thankfully D.Naturally
11.A.expect B.miss C.record D.celebrate
答案及剖析:
10.B 根据上文的“...followed by embarrassment”及下文的“...finding destinations”可知,此处表示“我”和妈妈终于(Eventually)找到了目的地。故选B。
11.D 根据本句中“the victories of finding destinations(胜利地找到了目的地)”可知,对于这个胜利而言,是要庆祝(celebrate)的。故选D。
12.A.such as B.instead of C.rather than D.apart from
13.A.important B.disappointing C.unforgettable D.fruitless
答案及剖析:
12.A 根据空前“We began to familiarise ourselves with the neighbourhood”和空后“finding our favourite breakfast cafe,and walking to museums and back”可知,此处表示对“我们”熟悉环境的情况的列举。such as意为 “例如”,符合语境。故选A。
13.C 根据下文“It taught me...(这次旅行教会了我……)”可知,这次旅行对“我”而言的意义是难以忘怀的(unforgettable)。故选C。
14.A.challenges B.arguments C.fights D.dangers
15.A.unless B.until C.if D.since
答案及剖析:
14.A 结合前文,“我”和妈妈在乘坐地铁时的经历,可知,这次经历对“我”而言就是挑战,说明了在陌生的地方会不可避免地遇到挑战(challenges)。故选A。
15.C 根据空后“you continue to work,you will improve”可知,努力是进步的条件,if 意为“如果”,符合语境。故选C。
