北师大版（2019） 必修第一册Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 1 Lifestyles-Grammar不定式语法课件(12张ppt)

(共12张PPT)
Lesson 1 Lifestyle
Grammar-Infinitive
Infinitive
不 定 式 to do
1
2
3
4
不定式的作用
不定式的时态和语态
不定式的否定形式
其他特殊情况
1
不定式的作用
1. 作主语:
2. 作宾语:
3. 作宾语补足语:
4. 作表语:
5. 作定语:
6. 作状语:
To see is to believe
He wants to play computer games now.
The teacher asked me to answer that question.
My belief is to keep it on.
She is the first girl to win the match.
I will work hard to get what I want.
作宾语
want to do sth. 想要做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事
try to do sth. 努力做某事
learn to do sth. 学会做某事
like to do sth. 喜欢做某事
help to do sth. 帮助做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
begin to do sth. 开始做某事
start to do sth. 开始做某事
口诀：
想要拒绝莫忘记
需要努力就学习
喜欢帮助也同意
希望决定后开始
作宾语补足语(带to）
ask sb to do sth. 要求某人做某事
tell sb to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
get sb to do sth. 让某人做某事
teach sb to do sth. 教某人做某事
want sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事
invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事
wish sb to do sth. 希望某人做某事
advise sb to do sth. 建议某人做某事
ecpect sb to do sth. 期待某人做某事
encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事
作宾语补足语(不带to）
feel sb do sth. 感到某人做某事
listen to sb do sth. 听某人做某事
hear sb do sth. 听到某人做某事
make sb do sth. 让某人做某事
let sb do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb do sth. 让某人做某事
look at sb do sth. 看某人做某事
see sb do sth. 看到某人做某事
watch sb do sth. 看某人做某事
notice sb do sth. 看某人做某事
口诀：
一感，二听
三让，四看
注意：当这种结构变成被动语态时， to必须加上。
eg. He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.
2
不定式的时态和语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般时 to do to be done
进行时 to be doing ………………
完成时 to have done to have been done
3
不定式的否定形式
肯定形式：to do
否定形式：not to do
eg. He tells me not to play basketball before I finish my homework.
4
其他特殊情况
1. 在表示“除外”的 but, except 等少数介词的后面， 可用带to的不定式；如其前面有 do 的任意形式时， 不定式符号 to 需省略。
eg. 1. He had no choice but to work hard.
2. She did nothing but cry.
2. 在 who, which, what, when, where, how 等连接词之后，加动词不定式，构成一种特殊的不定式短语。其相当于一个名词性从句，在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语。
eg. I don’t know how to do it.
We all wonder where to go.
口诀：有do去to
无do加to
3. 有些形容词与不定式构成此结构：be adj. to do sth
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事
be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事
be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事
be sorry to do sth 很抱歉做某事
eg. I am sorry to keep you waiting. 不好意思，让您久等了！
Exercise
Ⅰ. 单选
1. She watched the children ________ in the garden.
　A. to be played　　 B. to play　　　 C. play　　　 D. to have
2. The teacher asked us ________ so much noise.
A. don't make　　　B. not make　　　C. not making　D. not to make
3. Paul doesn't have to be made _______. He always works hard.
　A. learn　　　　 B. to learn　　　 C. learned　　 D. learning
4. I saw him _______ out of the room.
A. go B. had gone C. has gone D. goes
5. Tell him _______ the window.
A. to shut not　　　B. not to shut　　 C. to not shut　 D. not shut
Exercise
Ⅱ. 填空
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers of modern China. He was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, in 1881. At first, Lu Xun hoped 6._____ (help) the Chinese people become healthy and strong, so he decided 7.______ (be) a doctor. After a few years, he started 8.______ (write) short stories because he wanted 9._____ (teach) people about society. One of his most famous stories is The True Story of Ah Q. It describes the hard life of Ah Q and makes people think about society. In the 1920s, people began10. _____ (translate) his work into English.
See you !