2017-2022年真题短文改错（15篇含答案解析）

（2022年全国甲卷）
My father often took me to his hospital when I was off my school. He showed me how his medical instruments was used. I felt so closely to him. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. The disagreement was too sharp that neither he nor I knew what to settle it. One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. With the efforts made by all sides, we began to understand each other better.
2.（2022年全国乙卷）
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don't use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
（2021年全国甲卷）
Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are：Who will you go in times of trouble Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
（2021年全国乙卷）
I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
5. [2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove, I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.“Not that way，” my mom tried to stop us but failed.She was right.It didn't turn out as I had wished.
6.[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy. I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I'm surely you'll have a good time. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.
7.[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]　
My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad don't like the soup an d I don't enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we're forced eat things, we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.
8.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.One afternoon where I was in primary school，I was walking by the school playground.Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.To everyone's surprising，the ball went into the net.All the football player on the playground cheered loudly，say that I had a talent for football.From now on，I started to play my football with classmates after school.I am a good player now.
9.[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]　
Since I was a kid，I've considered different job I would like to do.First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.Then，when I was in the five grade，I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.When I studied chemistry high school，I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.They were two reasons for the decision.One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
10.[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]　
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple，it required a lot of ideas and efforts.What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my café have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”．In the cafe，customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one， I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
11.[2018·全国卷I]
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
12.[2018·全国卷II]
When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
13.[2018·全国卷III]
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.
14.[2017·全国卷I]
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.
15.[2017·全国卷II]
Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！
答案
1.（2022年全国甲卷）
【详解】1.【答案】去掉my
【解析】考查短语。句意：当我不上学时，我的爸爸经常带我去他的医院。off school为固定短语，表示“不在上学时”，school前面不加任何限定词。故将my去掉。
2.【答案】was→were
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语instruments为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。故将was改为were。
3.【答案】closely→close
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我对他感觉如此亲近。felt为系动词，后面用形容词作表语，表示“亲近的”，closely为副词，此处用close。故将closely改为close。
4.【答案】become→became
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：然而，在我上了高中之后，不知怎么的，我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去时，动词become应改为过去式became。故将become改为became。
5.【答案】talk前面加to
【解析】考查短语。句意：我不愿意和他交谈，经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规定。be willing to do意思为：愿意做，为固定短语。故在talk前面加to。
6.【答案】stay→staying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。of为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。故将stay改为staying。
7.【答案】too→so
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决它。固定句型“so…that…”译为“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。故将too改为so。
8.【答案】what→how
【解析】考查副词。句意同上。此处为“疑问副词+不定式”结构来做动词knew的宾语。结合句意，此处表达“如何解决它”，settle it为动宾关系，此处缺少方式状语，用how。故将what改为how。
9.【答案】or→and
【解析】考查并列连词。句意：一天，他和我交谈，并且希望修补我们的关系。根据语境，“talked with me”与“hoped to mend our relations”为顺承、递进关系，用and连接。故将or改为and。
10.【答案】all→both
【解析】考查限定词。句意：在两方的努力下，我们开始更好地理解对方。结合语境可知，此处表示作者和父亲双方，用both修饰sides，表示两方，all用于三者及以上。故将all改为both。
2.（2022年全国乙卷）
【语篇导读】作者介绍了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。
1.【答案】greatly → great
【解析】考查形容词。句意: 我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
2.【答案】 lives → live
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
3.【答案】在because后加of
【解析】考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅运动和锻炼的结合。because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。
4.【答案】Whether → If 或Whether → When
【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
5.【答案】they → you
【解析】考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。
6.【答案】cause → causing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
7.【答案】去掉have后的been
【解析】考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
8.【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。
9.【答案】were → are
【解析】考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
10.【答案】bicycle → bicycles
【解析】考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
3.（2021年全国甲卷）
【答案】1.are→is
2.go后加to
3.friend→friends
4.删除turn后的out
5.little→few
6.our→their
7.talk→talking
8.kept→keep
9.where→when/whenever
10.mostly→most
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于学生在碰到问题后的解决方式的问卷调查结果。
【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：其中的一个问题是：你遇到麻烦时会去找谁？one of the +名词复数，意为“……之一”，为单数含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态用一般现在时。故are改为is。
2.考查固定结构。句意同上。短语go to sb.“求助于某人”相当于短语turn to sb. for help。故go后加to。
3.考查名词复数。句意：许多同学说他们会和他们的朋友说或同学讲，因为他们是同龄人，能彼此理解。friend“朋友”为可数名词，结合句中their，所以此处要用复数。故friend改为friends。
4.考查固定短语。句意：一些说他们会向他们的父母或老师求助。固定短语turn to sb. for help，意为“向某人求助”，所以此处删除介词out。故删除turn后的out。
5.考查代词。句意：只有一些人选择自己解决问题。结合上文“Many students say...”及“Some will turn...”可知，此处指一些学生。student为可数名词，应用a few代指。a little通常代指不可数名词。故little改为few。
6.考查代词。句意同上。短语on one’s own，意为“独自”，结合句意可知，此处指学生们独自完成，所以要用代词their。故our改为their。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。
8.考查时态。句意：他们很自闭。结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。所以此处的kept改为keep。故kept改为keep。
9.考查连词。句意：在我看来，当我们有麻烦时（无论什么时候我们有麻烦时），我们应该从我们最相信的人们那里寻求帮助。分析可知，本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为we should seek help...，从句表示的含义为无论什么时候我们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时，所以应用when/whenever引导。故where改为when/whenever。
10.考查副词。句意同上。副词mostly，意为“大多数”；most意为“最”，此处指最相信的人，指程度。故mostly改为most。
（2021年全国乙卷）
【答案】1. dish→dishes
2. tidying→tidy
3. whatever→whenever
4. doing前加from
5. was→is
6. 去掉are
7. most→more
8. mentally→mental
9. our→my
10. hopes→hope
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对于做家务这件事的看法以及做家务会带来的好处。
【详解】1. 考查名词单复数。句意：饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。固定短语“do the dishes”译为“洗餐具”。故将dish改为dishes。
2. 考查动词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知，此处tidy up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知，句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I，谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。
3. 考查连词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。根据句意可知，此处表达“有必要时我也会打扫自己的卧室”，所以用whenever(无论何时)引导让步状语从句。故将whatever改为whenever。
4. 考查介词。句意：在我看来，学生可以从做家务中受益很多。固定短语“benefit......from...... ”译为“从……中获益”。故在doing前加from。
5. 考查时态。句意：首先，做家务有助于我们成为一个负责任的人。根据全文时态可知，本文陈述客观事实需要用一般现在时。主语doing housework为单数，谓语也用单数。故将was改为is。
6. 考查动词。句意：同时，这也给了我们的父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情，改善了家庭关系。根据句意可知，此处表达“去做他们喜欢的事情”，动词like译为“喜欢”满足句意；所以动词like前的系动词are多余。故删去are。
7. 考查固定搭配。句意：此外，做家务可以是一种从学习中获得精神放松的方式。固定短语“what’s more”译为“此外”。故将most改为more。
8. 考查形容词。句意：同时，这也给了我们的父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情，改善了家庭关系。修饰名词relaxation(放松)需要用形容词。故将mentally改为mental。
9. 考查人称代词。句意：这是我对家务的看法。根据全文内容以及句意可知，此处表达“这是我对家务的看法”。故将our改为my。
10. 考查祈使句。句意：希望这能激发更多关于这个话题的思考！分析句子结构可知，此处为祈使句，所以动词hope需要用动词原形。故将hopes改为hope。
5.[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]
【答案】　第一处：simply改为simple。形容词和副词混用。此处修饰名词dish，故用形容词simple。
【易错点拨】英语中的形容词通常用在名词之前、系动词之后和宾语之后，分别作定语、表语和宾语补足语，而用副词作状语，修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。
第二处：frying改为fried。非谓语动词误用。过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成或被动，此处表示被炒过的西红柿鸡蛋，故用过去分词作定语。现在分词作定语表示进行或主动。
第三处：删除to。不定式符号多用。情态动词后接动词原形。
第四处：preparing改为prepare。非谓语动词误用。不定式符号后跟动词原形。
第五处：but改为and。连词误用。此处表示动作的先后，是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
第六处：chopstick改为chopsticks。名词单复数误用。chopstick意为“筷子”，常以复数形式出现。
第七处：off改为on。固定搭配误用。 turn off表示“关掉”，此处意思为“打开厨灶”，故用turn on。
第八处：unless改为until或till。连词误用。此处表示“我耐心地等到油热”。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……为止”。
第九处：pan前加the。冠词漏用。此处特指上文提到的平底锅。
第十处：us改为me。人称代词误用。根据上文提到的“I”“my mom”可知，此处表示“我妈妈尝试阻止我，但失败了”。
6.[2020·全国卷Ⅱ]
【答案】　第一处：what改为which。关系代词误用。在非限制性定语从句中，指代前面的事物，且在从句中作主语，关系代词只能用which。
第二处：come后加to。固定搭配误用。come to＋地点名词，表示“来到某处”。
第三处：surely改为sure。形容词和副词混用。根据句中的“I'm”可知，此处应用形容词。
第四处：start改为started。时态误用。根据时间状语“when I was seven years old”可知，此处应用一般过去时。
第五处：for改为but/yet。连词误用。根据句意可知，前后两句是转折关系。
第六处：vacations改为vacation。名词单复数误用。summer vacation“暑假”是单数概念。
第七处：such改为so。连词误用。 so that“(引出结果)因此，所以”，在此处引导结果状语从句。
第八处：删除every day前的on。介词多用。every day“每天”，副词短语作时间状语，前面不使用介词。
第九处：yours改为your/you。代词误用。动名词前面通常使用形容词性物主代词或者代词的宾格作它的逻辑主语。
第十处：sooner改为soon。副词比较级误用。根据句意可知，此处无比较含义，故应用副词的原级。
7.[2020·全国卷Ⅲ]
【答案】　第一处：concerning改为concerned。形容词误用。此处表示主语(My mom)的状态，应使用 ed形容词，表示“关心的，关切的”。
第二处：families改为family。名词单复数误用。family表示整体时，多作单数看待；指多个家庭成员时，多作复数看待。此处指我和父母的家，故看作一个整体。
第三处：surely改为sure。搭配错误。make sure为固定搭配，表示“确保”。
第四处：删除and。连词多用。逗号前为状语，逗号后为主句，两者之间不用and连接。
第五处：the改为a。冠词误用。这里泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，故用不定冠词。
第六处：had改为have。时态误用。全文中心时态为一般现在时。
第七处：don't改为doesn't 。主谓不一致。主语为第三人称单数，此处应用doesn't。
第八处：eat前加to。不定式符号漏用。be forced to do sth.“被迫做某事”。
第九处：he改为she。代词误用。此处指代my mom，应用she。
第十处：what改为that。关系代词误用。先行词被all, every, any，much，little(少)，few，no等修饰时，关系代词用that。
8.[2019·全国卷Ⅰ]
【答案】　第一处：interesting改为interested　(考查形容词。短语become interested in意为“对……感兴趣”。interesting“有趣的，吸引人的”，通常描述事物。interested“感兴趣的”，通常描述人的感受。本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。)
第二处：where改为when　(考查定语从句。本句含有一个定语从句，先行词为One afternoon，且引导词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故把where改为when。)
第三处：在football前加a　(考查冠词。football“足球”是可数名词，且其发音以辅音音素开头，故需加不定冠词a表示泛指。)
第四处：but改为and　(考查逻辑关系。连词but表示转折，而此处表示两个动作的顺承，故用并列连词and。)
第五处：hardly改为hard　(考查副词。副词hardly意为“几乎不”，而hard作副词讲时，意为“用力地”。此处表示“我用力把球踢回操场”，故把hardly改为hard。)
第六处：surprising改为surprise　(考查习惯用语。短语to one's surprise意为“使某人惊讶的是”，one's之后应接名词，故把surprising改为surprise。)
第七处：player改为players　(考查名词单复数。句中的player“运动员”为可数名词，且all之后应用名词复数。all the football players“所有的足球运动员”。)
第八处：say改为saying　(考查非谓语动词。句中的say与其逻辑主语是主谓关系，且其表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴随状况。)
第九处：now改为then　(考查副词。此处表示“从那时起”，应用from then on，故把now改为then。)
第十处：删除my　(考查代词。动词play与球类名词连用时，名词前不加冠词或代词，故删除代词my。)
9.[2019·全国卷Ⅱ]
【答案】　第一处：job?jobs　(考查名词的单复数。job“工作”为可数名词，其前的different说明此处为复数概念，故用job的复数形式，所以将job改为jobs。)
第二处：coolly?cool　(考查形容词。look在此是系动词，其后接形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。)
第三处：five?fifth　(考查数词。此处表达的是“我在读五年级时”，应用序数词。故将five改为fifth。)
第四处：too?very/so　(考查副词。too much是“太”的意思；而very/so much是“很”的意思，在此修饰动词liked。故将too改为very/so。)
第五处：high前加in/at　(考查介词。in/at high school是固定短语，在此作状语。)
第六处：or?and　(考查并列连词。两个分句之间为顺承关系，并非选择关系，故将or改为and。)
第七处：They?There　(考查there be句型。此处为there be句型，是“(存在)有”的意思。)
第八处：amazing?amazed　(考查形容词。amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，常用来说明物；amazed意为“(感到)惊讶的”，常用来说明人。根据语境，此处需将amazing改为amazed。)
第九处：删除more　(考查形容词的比较级。better已是形容词的比较级，其前不用再加more，故删除more。)
第十处：is?was　(考查动词的时态。根据语境，时态应为一般过去时，故将is改为was。)
10.[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]
【答案】　第一处：opens改为open　(考查非谓语。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式在句中作表语。)
第二处：required改为requires　(考查时态。文章着重讲自己的梦想——打算开一家咖啡馆，故时态为一般现在时。)
第三处：ordinarily改为ordinary　(考查形容词。根据句中的an和cafe可知，此处应用形容词，在句中作定语。)
第四处：在have前加to　(考查不定式。不定式在句中作宾语补足语。)
第五处：删除like　(考查介词。句中such as已表“像，例如”，故like多余。)
第六处：yourselves改为themselves　(考查代词。句中反身代词应与主语保持一致。)
第七处：what改为that/which　(考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作主语，先行词为environment，故用that或which。)
第八处：manage改为managing　(考查非谓语。介词后常接动词的 ing形式。)
第九处：city改为cities　(考查名词。根据语境中的many以及city作“城市”讲时为可数名词可知，此处应为名词复数。)
第十处：an改为a　(考查冠词。unique发音以辅音音素开头，故应用冠词a。)
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2018 全国 3
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just . Everyone was silent, to see who would be called upon to read his her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done homework but I was shy. I was afraid to speak in front of a group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that leaning from textbooks, and as well." , I raised my hand.
2017 全国 2
71. all both 72. a an/one 73. interesting interested 74. that which
75. early earlier 76. for 删除 77. beside besides
78. informations information 79. came comes 80. students pick students to pick