河北高考英语阅读理解专项训练（Word版含答案）
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| 名称 | 河北高考英语阅读理解专项训练（Word版含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-11 17:55:48 | ||
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阅读理解
The sunk cost effect is the ongoing investment of time, money and effort that an individual makes in any attempt, even if rationally the results appear unpromising. When any individual has already made an investment of time, money or effort, it becomes difficult to withdraw from the task. An error of judgement occurs when we fail to cut our losses-the sunk cost.
The simplest method of beating this error of judgement is to simply stop investing when it’s not producing results. As the age-old proverb goes, “Why cry over spilt milk ”But we still can’t seem to do it! Why
People perceive the same amount of losses and gains in a different light. This means that the same amount of losses will hurt more than an equal amount of gain. For example, if a business is going through heavy losses, one must decide to either shut it down or continue. Shutting it down is a definite loss of money, time and effort. People become risk-seeking when they are facing a definite loss. They will pump more money as a gamble to achieve a positive outcome. If there is a positive outcome and the business starts making a profit, this has given them a higher utility(效用) than simply making profits from the beginning. They managed to rise up from a heavy loss, thereby giving higher satisfaction about the decision to continue investing.
We, however, will not choose to honor sunk costs on every occasion. This is especially true in the case of insurance. Let’s say that you have taken home insurance and probably never used it. You are not going to burn your house down just so you can utilize your house insurance.
1．What does the underlined word “it“ in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A．Crying over spilt milk.
B．Stopping investing.
C．Refusing judgement.
D．Keeping finishing the task.
2．Which of the following situations may lead to sunk cost
A．Going on investing when your sales are increasing.
B．Breaking up with those who aren’t interested in you.
C．Continuing eating ordered food even if it tastes bad.
D．Keeping on working out when you’re a little thinner.
3．What might be the main cause of sunk effect
A．Fear of loss and expectation for better.
B．Spirit of adventure and wise decision.
C．Endless desire and ambition.
D．Positive attitude and behavior.
4．Why is “house insurance” mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To describe. B．To persuade.
C．To introduce. D．To explain.
There may be a reason why astronauts are crazy about the view from space but never mention the food. Astronauts aboard the International Space Station must drink meals out of a plastic squeeze-bag because of zero gravity. Food in space can only be reheated instead of being cooked fresh. Besides, meals for each crew member must be stored in advance and eaten in order. All of this may sound a little difficult to accept.
Therefore, it was one small step for interstellar (星际的) cuisine when U. S. astronaut Megan McArthur recently posted photos of herself holding a pancakes gorged with beef, tomatoes and a fresh hatch chilli (红番椒) grown aboard the International Space Station itself.
“Best space pancakes yet,” she shared online.
Pesquet, a French astronaut, posted on Instagram, “It is such a joy to grow (and eat) your own food, and necessary for further exploration of our Solar System.” It seems there is a suitcase-sized space garden aboard the ISS (International Space Station) that holds about six “pillows” stuffed with clay and fertilizer, and a LED light. Astronauts have grown several kinds of vegetables including Chinese cabbage and red Russian kale (羽衣甘蓝) in this micro-plot, to test which plants might grow best during a long space voyage.
We called Melva Aguirre, who owns the Pepper Pot in Hatch, N. M., home of hatch chilli. She says the harvest of their famous local crop in outer space is the talk of the town. “Now the whole universe knows how great our chilli are,” she said. When I asked if she could recommend a hatch chilli recipe, Aguirre told me, “Just stuff it.” “Stuff it ” I asked, and she laughed and said, “I mean, in your mouth.” A recipe even I can follow.
5．What can know about astronauts’ eating food in the space station
A．The food is inviting to the astronauts.
B．The food can be cooked in various ways.
C．The astronauts can’t have meals as they wish.
D．Astronauts don’t care about what they eat in the space station.
6．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “gorged” in Paragraph 2
A．Subscribed. B．Filled.
C．awarded. D．Revealed.
7．Why do astronauts grow Chinese cabbage and other vegetables aboard the ISS
A．To kill the spare minutes. B．To entertain themselves during the voyage.
C．To explore the universe. D．To test for the plants growing best.
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．Challenges Astronauts Face in Space.
B．The Best Food Ever for Space Voyages.
C．Fine Dining on the International Space Station.
D．The Constant Steps of Human’s Space Exploration.
Here are some properties that the British royal family owns.
Buckingham Palace The most famous palace for the British monarchy(君主), Buckingham Palace, is easily recognized. It was originally built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 and acquired by King George Ⅲ in 1761 and has remained in the royal family ever since. This is where the family tends to greet visitors and crowds, and serves as the administrative offices of the monarch of the United Kingdom. It is valued at $4.9 billion.
The Diamond Diadem(王冠) This Diamond Diadem was made in 1820 for George Ⅳ, which was regularly worn by Queen Victoria after it was reset with jewels from the royal collection. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ wore it in 1953. The jewelry experts estimated it to be worth around $ 6.9 million.
Painting by Claude Monet The royal family is known for its extensive art collection as well. This is “Study of Rocks; Creuse: ‘Le Bloc’” by Claude Monet (1840-1926). In 1949, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother purchased it for $2,300, and by the time of her death in 2002, it was worth about $17,000. The Monet painting hung in her main residence at Clarence House for several years, but is now on display at Buckingham Palace.
Tower of London It’s built in 1066. It’s not a working palace any more, but it used to be. The Tower of London, officially called His Majesty’s Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, now functions as a museum and is a protected World Heritage Site due to its extensive history. It’s also the single most valuable piece of property in the United Kingdom, estimated to be worth about $81 billion.
9．What do we know about Buckingham Palace from the text A．It was built in memory of King George Ⅲ.
B．All the British royal family lives there.
C．It’s a working place of the British monarchy.
D．The Diamond Diadem is on display there.
10．What makes the painting by Claude Monet different from the other three
A．It has the shortest history.
B．Its value cannot be estimated by money.
C．It was passed down by previous monarchs.
D．It was Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother’s favorite.
11．Which of the following properties has the highest price
A．Buckingham Palace. B．The Diamond Diadem.
C．Painting by Claude Monet. D．Tower of London.
Scientists are taking the study of archaeology (考古学) to a whole other dimension: space. For the first time, researchers are examining the ways humans live on the International Space Station (ISS), more specifically how they live culturally and materially, since it began orbital operations in 2000.
The project, involving daily photography of various ISS areas, was developed in 2015 by professors Justin Walsh of Chapman University in California, and Alice Gorman of Flinders University. The Earth-based scientists are working with astronauts to monitor changes in one-meter-square areas at the space station.
According to Chris Young of Interesting Engineering, for their first experiment, the astronauts are creating the equivalent of an earthen test pit (探坑) by marking out five areas within the space station. This test will focus on the kitchen table, workstation, payload rack (载荷机架) and a wall near the washroom and a section of the laboratory module, Destiny. Astronauts will then take daily photographs over a period of 60 days to know how the different spaces are used by the crew. For the first 30 days, images will be taken at about the same time each day and then at random times for the remainder of the experiment.
The archaeologists plan to study the images to better understand how the astronauts have interacted and adapted in the space in the 20 years when the ISS has orbited Earth, and how it has affected the crew’s ability to solve technical, engineering and medical issues, reports Leonard David of .
Original plans called for the ISS crew to swab (用拭子擦拭) surfaces for biological data and make sound and video recordings, but these ideas were given up so the project could begin sooner. Walsh tells he hopes the project will help find ways for future habitat designers to do their work better.
“The advantage of archaeology is that it shows us what people actually do, rather than what they think, or say, they do,” Gorman says.
12．What can we learn about the project according to the text
A．It plans to get astronauts interested in archaeology.
B．It’s carried out based on international cooperation.
C．It’s intended to learn more about other planets in space.
D．It involves taking daily photos of several areas on the ISS.
13．What will be a research focus of the project
A．Astronauts’ health and fitness.
B．Orbital operations of the ISS.
C．The ways of communication between astronauts.
D．Searching for creatures living on other planets.
14．What was done in order to get the project started earlier
A．Reducing the number of the participants.
B．Deleting some tasks from the original to-do list.
C．Inviting more scientists to give useful advice.
D．Asking the ISS crew to stop their daily work.
15．What is the main idea of the text
A．Researchers use archaeology to study humans’ life on the ISS.
B．Scientists should carry out more experiments on the ISS.
C．Astronauts tend to enrich their daily lives by taking pictures.
D．Archeologists can play a leading role in space explorations.
New Zealand’s government released its first-ever climate adaptation plan, which includes the possibility of moving some communities to higher ground. But the six-year plan, which runs nearly 200 pages, is short of some important details, including how much the changes will cost and who will pay.
Climate Change Minister James Shaw said that about 70,000 coastal homes in New Zealand were at risk from rising seas, and many more inland homes were at risk from flooding rivers. He said New Zealand had been slow to adapt to climate change, which would end up costing more money over time. “I am frustrated that for the last three decades, successive governments have not paid any attention in any real form to the challenges that we face from the effects of climate change,” Shaw said.
The National Adaptation Plan includes the possible relocation of low-lying homes and assets as rising seas and increased storms make flooding more common. “In some highly exposed areas, the risk from natural hazard and climate impacts may become intolerable,” the report says. The report says that a “managed retreat (撤离)” from such areas will often be considered a last resort, to be used in combination with other adaptations such as installing seawalls and raising houses on stilts.
Shaw said the costs for adaptation would be borne by a combination of homeowners, insurers, banks, local councils and central government. He said the government was taking hardship into account, and would target help to those least able to pay for changes themselves. The plan also aims to make climate-change data more widely accessible, which in some cases could impact insurance rates and property prices.
Luke Harrington, a senior lecturer in climate change at the University of Waikato, said in a statement the report was a timely reminder that New Zealand needed to deal not only with rising seas, but also with other climate impacts such as more severe droughts and extreme rainfall. “This National Adaptation Plan is a great first step towards dealing with some of these challenges, though paucity remains in some of the details,” he said.
16．What does the climate adaptation plan of New Zealand include
A．The investors of the plan. B．The cost of carrying out the plan.
C．All details about adapting to climate change. D．Moving some communities to higher ground.
17．Which of the following statements would James Shaw agree with
A．Many New Zealanders were threatened by climate change.
B．New Zealand had taken fast measures to climate change.
C．New Zealand had invested much money to climate change.
D．Many governments have made efforts to deal with the challenges.
18．How many adaptations to climate change are mentioned in the text
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
19．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “paucity” in the last paragraph
A．Satisfaction. B．Shortage. C．Attraction. D．Chance.
In January 2022, the now l7-year-old Mack Rutherford watched his 19-year-old sister, Zara Rutherford, set two new world records for flying around the world in an ultralight aircraft. Less than a month later, Mack declared his intention to go for a world record too!
“I always knew I wanted to do something special in my life in aviation but I wasn’t quite sure what I wanted to do, it was only when my sister flew around the world that I knew this was what I wanted to do,” Mack said.
Mack is no stranger to aviation. He was only 15 when he became the youngest pilot in the world. Now, he’s set the record for the youngest person to fly around the world, replacing previous record-holder Travis Ludlow of Britain. Travis was 18 when he set the record in 2021.
Mack’s journey began on March 23rd, 2022 when he left Sofia, Bulgaria flying a Shark, an ultralight aircraft that’s the same style his sister used in her circumnavigation of the globe.
“I am flying a Shark,” Mack wrote on his website. “It is a high-performance ultralight aircraft made in Europe. The aircraft has been specially prepared for such a long journey.”
Mack traveled through 52 countries over five continents. The trip was supposed to take between two and three months, but paperwork and visa issues slowed his progress.
On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records! He’s now the youngest person to fly around the world solo. He displaced his sister as the previous record holder, but we’re sure there are no hard feelings!
As Mack stepped out of the aircraft in Belgium, he had some simple words of wisdom to offer the world.
“Just follow your dreams, no matter how old you are — work hard and move forward to achieve your goals,” he said.
20．What encouraged Mack to follow his dream mostly
A．Encouragements from his parents. B．His sister’s great achievements.
C．His strong-willed personality. D．His intention to travel the globe.
21．What do we know about Mack’s journey
A．Mack flew the same place that his sister did. B．Mack finished the journey ahead of time.
C．Bad weather made his journey slow. D．It lasted for about five months.
22．Which of the following words can best describe Mack
A．Courageous and ambitious. B．Cooperative and generous.
C．Enthusiastic and kind. D．Professional and proud.
23．How does the author develop the text
A．By giving examples. B．By following space order.
C．By following time order. D．By giving a detailed analysis.
There are numerous amusement parks all over the world. A famous magazine, Amusement Today, does a survey among park lovers every year both in the US and overseas, based on which, “Top 5 List of the Best Amusement Parks in the World” has come out as follows:
Disneyland, California
Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California, the US. More than 515 million guests have travelled to this American landmark from around the world since the park first opened to guests on July 17, 1955. The park consists of many world-famous sections, such as Main Street, Adventure Land, New Orleans Square, and so on.
Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida
Magic Kingdom is a theme park within the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando opened on October 1, 1971. It is the most famous theme park in Florida. The park’s design and attractions don’t make much difference from Disneyland Park in Anaheim.
EPCOT, Disney World, Florida
EPCOT is the second theme park built at the Walt Disney World Resort near Orlando, Florida. The park opened on October 1, 1982, and was named EPCOT Centre from 1982 to 1993. It was the largest Disney theme park in the world until 1998, when Disney’s Animal Kingdom opened.
Disney-MGM Studios, Florida
MGM’s streets are the home for some great movie-themed attractions with a history of less than 30 years. With the addition of the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror and the Rock ‘N’ Roller Coaster, the park is now home to Disney World’s most thrilling rides.
Universal Studios, Florida
Go behind the scenes, beyond the screen and jump right into the action of your favourite movies at Universal Studios, the number one movie and TV theme park in the world.
24．Which park has the longest history
A．Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida. B．Disneyland, California.
C．EPCOT, Disney World, Florida. D．Disney-MGM Studios, Florida.
25．Which of the following theme parks have similar attractions
A．EPCOT & Disney-MGM Studios.
B．Magic Kingdom & Universal Studios.
C．Disneyland, California & Universal Studios.
D．Disneyland, California & Magic Kingdom.
26．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To attract tourists to these theme parks.
B．To compare attractions in different theme parks.
C．To introduce world’s best amusement parks.
D．To increase the sales of Amusement Today.
Last summer, Steven Eaton received more than 200 young people on his organic farm. None of them said that they wanted to make money from farming. Some of them described it as a kind of protest against the idea that success means a big paycheck and many took it as a means to protect the environment.
Steven Eaton understands such idealists(理想主义者)and he was one of them about a decade ago. In 2010, he was in a law school in Washington, DC, but not enjoying it much. Then he applied to work on a farm in West Virginia in summer.
“I felt lost when I was in the city. It’s in the field that I found peace and harmony in my life,” recalls Eaton, who now runs an organic farm close to New York City. “So I went back to West Virginia after graduation.”
Farming—the independence and the connection to something as real as soil and food—was the one thing that he wanted to throw himself into. And he’s been doing it ever since.
But it wasn’t always a big happy folk dance.
“I had a lot of failures in the first couple of years and I didn’t really know what I was doing,” he laughs.
Eventually, he learned to be realistic about farming. “It’s good to be an idealist. But if you’re going to stick with it, and expect to make a living at it, you’ve got to be realistic about the business aspects: Money, managing money, borrowing money, and all the things that a business person has to do. You have to learn to like that and be willing to be good at that. That may even mean burning a little more fossil fuel, so you can get your produce to cities, where people pay higher prices.”
That sense of farming as a practical form of idealism is probably the biggest thing the young people have to learn. When you’re farming, you have to put survival first.
27．Why did many of the young people want to become farmers
A．To make a lot of money. B．To apply their learning to practice.
C．To protect the environment. D．To study the pollution in agriculture.
28．Which of the following best describes Steven Eaton as a law student
A．Idealistic. B．Realistic. C．Selfless. D．Successful.
29．What message does Steven Eaton want to convey to the young people
A．Put environment before profit.
B．Be realistic about the business aspects.
C．Stick to your idealism forever.
D．Find a much easier job than farming.
30．What does the author think of Steven Eaton’s advice
A．Outdated. B．Useless. C．Funny. D．Valuable.
Researchers found that our bodies aren’t just programmed to be nice. They reward us for being kind.
One of them, psychology professor Sonja Lyubomirsky from University of California, has put that concept to the test in many experiments over 20 years and has repeatedly found that people feel better when they are kind to others, even more than when they are kind to themselves. In one experiment, she asked subjects to do an extra three acts of kindness for other people a week and asked a different group to do three acts of self—kindness. They could be small, like opening a door for someone, or big. The same even occurred with spending money on themselves or others. She found that the people who were kind to others became happier and felt more connected to the world than those who just did acts of self—kindness.
Lyubomirsky thinks it is because people spend too much time thinking and worrying about themselves and when they think of others while doing acts of kindness, it redirects them away from their own problems.
The other researchers have found that we prize kindness over any other value. When psychologists put values into ten categories and asked people what was more important, kindness comes out on top, beating physical pleasure, creativity, ambition, security, seeking social justice and power, said University of London psychologist Anat Bardi, who studies value systems.
“Kindness, like religion, does seem to be universal,” said Oliver Curry, a researcher from University of Oxford. “I think reasoning is the secret. We’re kind because under the right circumstances we all benefit from kindness. That is why we donate blood when there are disasters.”
31．Why can being kind to others make people feel happy according to Lyubomirsky
A．It takes their attention away from their own problems.
B．The world becomes much better due to their kindness.
C．Their problem seems less serious compared to others’.
D．Their action gives them a sense of power and achievement.
32．Which of the following do people value most according to paragraph 4
A．Making a lot of money. B．Volunteering and donating.
C．Inventing a new machine. D．Finding a rare and delicious food.
33．What does Oliver Curry stress in his explanation
A．Social values. B．Personal virtues. C．Religious beliefs. D．Potential rewards.
34．What is the best title for the text
A．We Can Be Programmed to Be Kind
B．Researchers Find That Being Kind Pays Off
C．Happier People Tend to Do Kind Acts
D．Research Shows Random Kindness Helps the Needy
Today, the original Beetle has largely disappeared from the world’s roads since Volkswagen stopped producing it in Germany in 1978. But the instantly recognizable car was once everywhere. From the 1970s to the 1990s, more than 21 million Beetles were produced worldwide. Many adults in their 40s or above have a story about the Beetle, or at least a memory.
Part of its universal appeal is its unique look. There’s something about the car that just makes people smile: its happy shape, its cheerful colors, and perhaps its small size. However, the smiles that beetles evoke, in people are not simply due to their design. It has a character almost. It has a sort of soul in a way. It’s beyond a machine. For the better part of a century this car has been a part in people’s lives. Seeing these cars on the road is like a time capsule. It opens people to memories and stories that might otherwise go untold. By allowing us to travel back in time, they remind us of what’s important. In today’s world, this car represents something very basic and earthy and genuine. Exactly the kind of travel we need right now.
“My parents had three, a white one, then a red one, and then an orange one. It was the car I grew up with,” said actor Ewan McGregor. “They would put us in the back of the Beetle in Scotland and drive to France for camping holidays in summer. My first car was a 1978 Beetle and now I own two, parked at my home in Los Angeles.”
McGregor thinks the car’s future is electric. He has recently turned his 1978 model into a fully electric car. “Moving forward, maybe we’ll just have to think; smaller cars, low emissions (排放), and something that makes us feel happy,” he says.
35．When was the production of Beetles stopped in Germany
A．In the 1990s. B．In the 1980s. C．In the late 1970s. D．In the early 1960s.
36．Which of the following best explains “evoke” underlined in paragraph 2
A．To keep an unpleasant feeling in one’s mind.
B．To find out information about one’s character.
C．To bring a feeling or a memory into one’s mind.
D．To ask somebody to do something in a rude way.
37．Why does Ewan McGregor own two Beetles
A．He wants to be reminded of his childhood.
B．They are used to decorate his new home.
C．He has too many children for just one car.
D．His parents have left one of their cars to him.
38．In which section of a newspaper does this text most probably appear
A．Advertisement. B．Lifestyle. C．Environment. D．Economy.
参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“沉没成本效应”在我们实际生活中的体现。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The simplest method of beating this error of judgement is to simply stop investing when it’s not producing results. As the age-old proverb goes, ‘Why cry over spilt milk ’(克服这种判断错误的最简单的方法就是在没有结果的时候停止投资。正如那句古老的谚语所说：“牛奶洒了，何必哭呢？”)”，这里的it指的是 “Stopping investing”，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The sunk cost effect is the ongoing investment of time, money and effort that an individual makes in any attempt, even if rationally the results appear unpromising. When any individual has already made an investment of time, money or effort, it becomes difficult to withdraw from the task. An error of judgement occurs when we fail to cut our losses—the sunk cost.(沉没成本效应是指个人在任何尝试中持续投入的时间、金钱和努力，即使从理性上看结果似乎不太理想。当个人已经投入了时间、金钱或精力时，就很难从任务中抽身。当我们无法减少损失，即沉没成本时，就会出现判断失误。)”可知，C选项“即使食物味道并不好，但依然继续吃自己点的食物”符合题意，故选C。
3．推理判断题。由第三段的“People become risk-seeking when they are facing a definite loss. They will pump more money as a gamble to achieve a positive outcome.(当人们面临明确的损失时，他们就会变得冒险。他们将投入更多的资金作为一种赌博，以获得积极的结果。)”可知，沉没效应的主要原因可能是害怕失去，期待更好。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“We, however, will not choose to honor sunk costs on every occasion. This is especially true in the case of insurance.Let’s say that you have taken home insurance and probably never used it. You are not going to burn your house down just so you can utilize your house insurance.(然而，我们不会选择在任何场合都尊重沉没成本。在保险业中尤其如此。假设你买了家庭保险，可能从来没有用过。你不会为了利用你的房子保险而烧毁你的房子。)”可知，提及“家庭保险”是为了进一步解释说明“我们不会在任何情况下都考虑沉没成本”，故选D。
5．C
6．B
7．D
8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在空间站的饮食现状及研究新成果。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Food in space can only be reheated instead of being cooked fresh. Besides, meals for each crew member must be stored in advance and eaten in order. All of this may sound a little difficult to accept. (太空中的食物只能重新加热，不能新鲜烹饪。此外，每个船员的膳食必须提前储存，并按顺序食用。所有这些听起来可能有点难以接受)”可知，空间站的宇航员不能随心所欲吃他们想吃的食物，故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据划线词句子“a pancakes gorged with beef, tomatoes and a fresh hatch chilli (红番椒) grown aboard the International Space Station itself.( 煎饼里gorged牛肉、西红柿和在国际空间站上种植的新鲜辣椒)”并结合常识，可猜测gorged意为“塞满”，即煎饼里塞满了牛肉、西红柿和辣椒。A. Subscribed签署；B. Filled填满；C. awarded奖励；D. Revealed透露，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Astronauts have grown several kinds of vegetables including Chinese cabbage and red Russian kale (羽衣甘蓝) in this micro-plot, to test which plants might grow best during a long space voyage. (宇航员们已经在这个微型试验田中种植了包括大白菜和红色俄罗斯羽衣甘蓝在内的几种蔬菜，以测试哪种植物在漫长的太空航行中生长得最好)”可知，宇航员在国际空间站种植大白菜和其他蔬菜是为了测试哪种植物长得最好。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。 根据文章大意结合三个宇航员描述空间站的饮食““Best space pancakes yet,” she shared online.(“最好吃的太空煎饼，”她在网上分享道)，第四段的“It is such a joy to grow (and eat) your own food, and necessary for further exploration of our Solar System.(自己种植(并食用)食物是一种乐趣，这对进一步探索太阳系是必要的)”，最后一段的“She says the harvest of their famous local crop in outer space is the talk of the town. (她说，他们在外太空收获的当地著名作物是镇上的热门话题)”可知，文章介绍了宇航员在空间站的饮食现状及研究新成果。C选项“国际空间站上的美食”符合文章大意，可以做标题，故选C。
9．C
10．A
11．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国君主实际拥有的一些财产。
9．细节理解题。根据Buckingham Palace中的“This is where the family tends to greet visitors and crowds, and serves as the administrative offices of the monarch of the United Kingdom. (这是王室成员接待访客和人群的地方，也是英国君主的行政办公室。)”可知，这是皇室成员接待游客的地方，并作为英国君主的行政办公室，故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章中其他三个财物的产生时间“It was originally built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703(它最初是在1703年为白金汉公爵建造的)，This Diamond Diadem was made in 1820 for George Ⅳ(这枚钻石王冠是1820年为乔治Ⅳ制作的)，It’s built in 1066.( 它建于1066年。)”可知，都早于莫奈的出生时间1840年，故莫奈的名作《岩石研究，克勒兹》为四者中历史最短，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据四个财物的估值可知，伦敦塔是英国最有价值的房产，估计价值约810亿美元，为价格最高。故选D。
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是科学家们正将考古学的研究带入太空。据新闻报道可知，这是研究人员首次研究国际空间站上人类的生活方式。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“The project, involving daily photography of various ISS areas, was developed in 2015 by professors Justin Walsh of Chapman University in California, and Alice Gorman of Flinders University.(该项目包括国际空间站各个区域的日常摄影，由加州Chapman大学的Justin Walsh教授和Flinders大学的Alice Gorman教授于2015年开发。)”和第三段“Astronauts will then take daily photographs over a period of 60 days to know how the different spaces are used by the crew. For the first 30 days, images will be taken at about the same time each day and then at random times for the remainder of the experiment.(宇航员将在60天的时间里每天拍摄照片，以了解宇航员是如何使用不同的空间的。在实验的前30天里，图像将在每天相同的时间拍摄，然后在实验的其余时间随机拍摄。)”可知，这个研究项目包括对国际空间站的几个区域进行每日拍照。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The archaeologists plan to study the images to better understand how the astronauts have interacted and adapted in the space in the 20 years when the ISS has orbited Earth, and how it has affected the crew’s ability to solve technical, engineering and medical issues, reports Leonard David of .(据网站的Leonard David报道，考古学家计划研究这些图像，以更好地了解国际空间站绕地球运行20年以来，宇航员是如何在太空中互动和适应的，以及这是如何影响宇航员解决技术、工程和医疗问题的能力的。)”可知，宇航员之间互动交流的方式将是其中的一个研究重点。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段中第一句“Original plans called for the ISS crew to swab (用拭子擦拭) surfaces for biological data and make sound and video recordings, but these ideas were given up so the project could begin sooner.(最初的计划是让国际空间站的工作人员采集表面的生物数据，并进行声音和视频录制，但这些想法都被放弃了，以便项目能更快开始。)”可知，为了让项目早点开始，原来的待办事项列表中的一些任务被删除，故选B。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Scientists are taking the study of archaeology (考古学) to a whole other dimension: space. For the first time, researchers are examining the ways humans live on the International Space Station (ISS), more specifically how they live culturally and materially, since it began orbital operations in 2000.(科学家们正把考古研究带入另一个维度：空间。研究人员首次研究了国际空间站自2000年开始轨道运行以来人类在空间站上的生活方式，更具体地说，是他们在文化和物质上的生活方式。)”可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们把考古学的研究带到太空，研究人员首次在国际空间站上研究人类的生活方式。故A项“Researchers use archaeology to study humans’ life on the ISS.(研究人员利用考古学来研究人类在国际空间站上的生活)”是本文的主旨。故选A。
16．D
17．A
18．C
19．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新西兰政府发布了其首个气候适应计划，其中包括将一些社区迁往高地的可能性。政府表示，气候变化的一些影响现在“不可避免”，新西兰需要为社区因海平面上升而流离失所的可能性做好准备。
16．细节理解题。由第一段第一句“New Zealand’s government released its first-ever climate adaptation plan, which includes the possibility of moving some communities to higher ground.(新西兰政府发布了首个气候适应计划，其中包括将一些社区迁移到高地的可能性)”可知，这个计划包括把一些社区迁到高处。故选D。
17．推理判断题。由第二段第一句“Climate Change Minister James Shaw said that about 70,000 coastal homes in New Zealand were at risk from rising seas, and many more inland homes were at risk from flooding rivers.(气候变化部长詹姆斯·肖表示，新西兰大约7万户沿海家庭面临海平面上升的威胁，更多内陆家庭面临洪水的威胁)”可知，A选项“许多新西兰人受到气候变化的威胁”的观点James Shaw会同意。故选A。
18．细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“The report says that a “managed retreat (撤离)” from such areas will often be considered a last resort, to be used in combination with other adaptations such as installing seawalls and raising houses on stilts.(报告称，从这些地区“有管理的撤退”通常被认为是最后的手段，与其他适应措施结合使用，如安装海堤和架高房屋)”可知，文中提到了三种适应气候变化的方式。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。由最后一段中“This National Adaptation Plan is a great first step towards dealing with some of these challenges, though paucity remains in some of the details (这个国家适应计划是应对其中一些挑战的重要第一步，尽管在一些细节上仍然paucity)”可知，though表示转折，表明这个国家适应计划是应对其中一些挑战的重要第一步，尽管在一些细节方面仍然“缺乏”。故画线词意思是“缺乏”。故选B。
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。近日，一名17岁的少年成为世界上驾驶小型飞机单人环球飞行的最年轻飞行员。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段““I always knew I wanted to do something special in my life in aviation but I wasn’t quite sure what I wanted to do, it was only when my sister flew around the world that I knew this was what I wanted to do,” Mack said.(麦克说：“我一直都知道，我想在我的人生中做一些特别的航空事业，但我不太确定我想做什么，直到我的姐姐乘飞机环游世界时，我才知道这就是我想做的。”)”可知，是姐姐的成就鼓励他有所作为。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段“Mack’s journey began on March 23rd, 2022 when he left Sofia, Bulgaria flying a Shark, an ultralight aircraft that’s the same style his sister used in her circumnavigation of the globe.(麦克的旅程始于2022年3月23日，当时他驾驶一架鲨鱼超轻型飞机离开保加利亚的索非亚，这是他姐姐环球航行时使用的同款飞机)”以及倒数第三段中“On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records!(2022年8月24日，麦克完成了他的旅程，并创造了两项新的世界纪录！)”可知，他的旅程持续大约五个月。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records! He’s now the youngest person to fly around the world solo. He displaced his sister as the previous record holder, but we’re sure there are no hard feelings!(2022年8月24日，麦克完成了他的旅程，并创造了两项新的世界纪录!他现在是独自环游世界最年轻的人。他取代了他的姐姐成为之前的纪录保持者，但我们相信他不会有什么不愉快的感觉！)”可知，麦克独自一人环游世界，说明他勇敢；他效仿姐姐有所成就，说明他有雄心。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mack’s journey began on March 23rd, 2022 when he left Sofia, Bulgaria flying a Shark, an ultralight aircraft that’s the same style his sister used in her circumnavigation of the globe.(麦克的旅程始于2022年3月23日，当时他驾驶一架鲨鱼超轻型飞机离开保加利亚的索非亚，这是他姐姐环球航行时使用的同款飞机)”以及倒数第三段中“On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records!(2022年8月24日，麦克完成了他的旅程，并创造了两项新的世界纪录！)”以及全文中出现的时间先后顺序以及时间发生过程可知，本文是以时间为线索行文的，故选C。
24．B
25．D
26．C
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章以一家著名杂志社每年在美国和海外游乐园爱好者中间所作的调查为基础，向人们介绍了世界上最好的前五所游乐园。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“since the park first opened to guests on July 17, 1955. ”（自1955年7月17日公园首次向游客开放以来。）、第三段“opened on October 1, 1971.”（于1971年10月开放）、第四段“The park opened on October 1, 1982,”（这所公园于1982年10月1日开放）和第五段“with a history of less than 30 years. ”（有着不到30年的历史）可知，第二段所指的Disneyland, California拥有最长的历史。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California, the US.”（Disneyland是位于美国加利福尼亚州Anaheim的一所主题公园。）和第三段“The park’s design and attractions don’t make much difference from Disneyland Park in Anaheim.”（这所公园的设计和景点同位于Anaheim的Disneyland Park没有多大区别。）可知，两段分别所指的Disneyland, California和Magic Kingdom有着相似的景点。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“A famous magazine, Amusement Today, does a survey among park lovers every year both in the US and overseas, based on which, “Top 5 List of the Best Amusement Parks in the World” has come out as follows:”（著名杂志《今日娱乐》每年都会在美国和海外的公园爱好者中进行一项调查，根据调查结果，“世界上最好的五个游乐园”如下:）可知，文章的目的是向人们介绍世界上最好的五个游乐园。故选C。
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为年轻人在选择职业时可以有一定的理想主义成分。但是，在从事具体的工作时就得脚踏实地，知道妥协，不走极端。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“None of them said that they wanted to make money from farming. Some of them described it as a kind of protest against the idea that success means a big paycheck and many took it as a means to protect the environment.(他们中没有一个人说过他们想从务农中赚钱。他们中的一些人认为这是对成功意味着高薪的一种抗议，许多人认为这是一种保护环境的手段)”可知很多年轻人想成为农民是为了保护环境。故选C项。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Steven Eaton understands such idealists and he was one of them about a decade ago.(史蒂文·伊顿(Steven Eaton)了解这些理想主义者，大约十年前他就是其中之一)”可知，Steven Eaton在法学院读书时也是一个理想主义者。故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第七段“But if you’re going to stick with it, and expect to make a living at it, you’ve got to be realistic about the business aspects: Money, managing money, borrowing money, and all the things that a business person has to do. You have to learn to like that and be willing to be good at that. That may even mean burning a little more fossil fuel, so you can get your produce to cities, where people pay higher prices.(但如果你打算坚持下去，并期望以此为生，你就必须对商业方面的问题保持现实的态度：钱、理财、借钱，以及所有商业人士必须做的事情。你必须学会喜欢它，并愿意做好它。这甚至可能意味着燃烧更多的化石燃料，这样你就可以把你的产品送到城市，那里的人们支付更高的价格)”可知， Steven Eaton希望年轻人对农场的经营应该务实些。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“That sense of farming as a practical form of idealism is probably the biggest thing the young people have to learn. When you’re farming, you have to put survival first.(把农业当作一种理想主义的实际形式，这可能是年轻人必须学习的最重要的东西。当你种地的时候，你必须把生存放在第一位)”可推断，作者认为Steven Eaton的建议还是很接地气的而有价值的。故选D项。
31．A
32．B
33．D
34．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了人们为什么能够从利他行为中获得幸福感。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段“Lyubomirsky thinks it is because people spend too much time thinking and worrying about themselves and when they think of others while doing acts of kindness, it redirects them away from their own problems.”(Lyubomirsky认为，这是因为人们花了太多时间思考和担心自己，当他们在做善事时想到他人，这会让他们远离自己的问题。)可知，Lyubomirsky认为，利他行为能让人暂时忘却自己的烦恼，从而提升幸福感。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第四段“When psychologists put values into ten categories and asked people what was more important, kindness comes out on top, beating physical pleasure, creativity, ambition, security, seeking social justice and power”(当心理学家将价值观分为十大类，并询问人们什么更重要时，善良最重要，战胜了身体愉悦、创造力、野心、安全感，寻求社会正义和权力)可推断，从事志愿活动或捐助活动会等善良的行为会给人们带来更大的满足感。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段“We’re kind because under the right circumstances we all benefit from kindness.”(我们是善良的，因为在适当的环境下，我们都从善良中受益。)可知，Oliver Curry认为人们之所以会做出利他行为，归根到底，还是为了互利。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers found that our bodies aren’t just programmed to be nice. They reward us for being kind.”(研究人员发现，我们的身体不仅仅是被设计得很好。他们奖励我们善良。)和最后一段“We’re kind because under the right circumstances we all benefit from kindness.”(我们是善良的，因为在适当的环境下，我们都从善良中受益。)可知，本文主要是介绍了研究人员的研究成果：利他行为，利人也利己。故选B。
35．C
36．C
37．A
38．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了曾畅销全球的甲壳虫汽车早已超越了代步的工具，而是升华为几代人情感与记忆的载体。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Today, the original Beetle has largely disappeared from the world’s roads since Volkswagen stopped producing it in Germany in 1978.”（如今，自1978年大众汽车停止在德国生产甲壳虫以来，最初的甲壳虫基本上已经从世界道路上消失了。）可知，大众汽车自1978年停止在德国生产甲壳虫，由此可知，德国在20世纪70年代末停止生产甲壳虫。故选C项。
36．词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“Seeing these cars on the road is like a time capsule. It opens people to memories and stories that might otherwise go untold.”（在路上看到这些汽车就像一个时间胶囊。它让人们想起了那些原本可能无法描述的记忆和故事。）可知，甲壳虫能够让人们想起之前的记忆和生活中曾发生的故事，由此可知，甲壳虫唤起了人们的记忆，“o bring a feeling or a memory into one’s mind”意为“把一种感觉或记忆带入脑海”，选项能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
37．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容““My parents had three, a white one, then a red one, and then an orange one. It was the car I grew up with,” said actor Ewan McGregor. “They would put us in the back of the Beetle in Scotland and drive to France for camping holidays in summer. My first car was a 1978 Beetle and now I own two, parked at my home in Los Angeles.””（演员伊万·麦格雷戈说：“我父母有三辆车，一辆白色的，一辆红色的，然后一辆橙色的。这是伴随我长大的车。”“在苏格兰，他们会把我们放在甲壳虫的后座上，夏天开车去法国露营度假。我的第一辆车是1978年的甲壳虫，现在我有两辆，停在洛杉矶的家里。”）可知，甲壳虫是伴随伊万·麦格雷戈长大的车，他小时候曾坐在甲壳虫的后座上，和家人一起去度假，由此可知，伊万·麦格雷戈拥有两辆甲壳虫是因为甲壳虫会让他回想起他的童年。故选A项。
38．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“McGregor thinks the car’s future is electric. He has recently turned his 1978 model into a fully electric car. “Moving forward, maybe we’ll just have to think; smaller cars, low emissions (排放), and something that makes us feel happy,” he says.”（麦格雷戈认为汽车的未来是电动的。他最近将1978年的车型改为全电动汽车。“向前看，也许我们只需要思考；更小的汽车，低排放, 还有一些让我们感到快乐的东西，”他说。）可知，本文主要介绍了曾畅销全球的甲壳虫汽车是几代人记忆的载体，现在的甲壳虫汽车顺应时代要求，发展成更小、更环保的汽车，这是一种生活方式的变化，由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是人们的生活方式，最可能出现在报纸的生活方式部分。故选B项。
The sunk cost effect is the ongoing investment of time, money and effort that an individual makes in any attempt, even if rationally the results appear unpromising. When any individual has already made an investment of time, money or effort, it becomes difficult to withdraw from the task. An error of judgement occurs when we fail to cut our losses-the sunk cost.
The simplest method of beating this error of judgement is to simply stop investing when it’s not producing results. As the age-old proverb goes, “Why cry over spilt milk ”But we still can’t seem to do it! Why
People perceive the same amount of losses and gains in a different light. This means that the same amount of losses will hurt more than an equal amount of gain. For example, if a business is going through heavy losses, one must decide to either shut it down or continue. Shutting it down is a definite loss of money, time and effort. People become risk-seeking when they are facing a definite loss. They will pump more money as a gamble to achieve a positive outcome. If there is a positive outcome and the business starts making a profit, this has given them a higher utility(效用) than simply making profits from the beginning. They managed to rise up from a heavy loss, thereby giving higher satisfaction about the decision to continue investing.
We, however, will not choose to honor sunk costs on every occasion. This is especially true in the case of insurance. Let’s say that you have taken home insurance and probably never used it. You are not going to burn your house down just so you can utilize your house insurance.
1．What does the underlined word “it“ in paragraph 2 probably refer to
A．Crying over spilt milk.
B．Stopping investing.
C．Refusing judgement.
D．Keeping finishing the task.
2．Which of the following situations may lead to sunk cost
A．Going on investing when your sales are increasing.
B．Breaking up with those who aren’t interested in you.
C．Continuing eating ordered food even if it tastes bad.
D．Keeping on working out when you’re a little thinner.
3．What might be the main cause of sunk effect
A．Fear of loss and expectation for better.
B．Spirit of adventure and wise decision.
C．Endless desire and ambition.
D．Positive attitude and behavior.
4．Why is “house insurance” mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To describe. B．To persuade.
C．To introduce. D．To explain.
There may be a reason why astronauts are crazy about the view from space but never mention the food. Astronauts aboard the International Space Station must drink meals out of a plastic squeeze-bag because of zero gravity. Food in space can only be reheated instead of being cooked fresh. Besides, meals for each crew member must be stored in advance and eaten in order. All of this may sound a little difficult to accept.
Therefore, it was one small step for interstellar (星际的) cuisine when U. S. astronaut Megan McArthur recently posted photos of herself holding a pancakes gorged with beef, tomatoes and a fresh hatch chilli (红番椒) grown aboard the International Space Station itself.
“Best space pancakes yet,” she shared online.
Pesquet, a French astronaut, posted on Instagram, “It is such a joy to grow (and eat) your own food, and necessary for further exploration of our Solar System.” It seems there is a suitcase-sized space garden aboard the ISS (International Space Station) that holds about six “pillows” stuffed with clay and fertilizer, and a LED light. Astronauts have grown several kinds of vegetables including Chinese cabbage and red Russian kale (羽衣甘蓝) in this micro-plot, to test which plants might grow best during a long space voyage.
We called Melva Aguirre, who owns the Pepper Pot in Hatch, N. M., home of hatch chilli. She says the harvest of their famous local crop in outer space is the talk of the town. “Now the whole universe knows how great our chilli are,” she said. When I asked if she could recommend a hatch chilli recipe, Aguirre told me, “Just stuff it.” “Stuff it ” I asked, and she laughed and said, “I mean, in your mouth.” A recipe even I can follow.
5．What can know about astronauts’ eating food in the space station
A．The food is inviting to the astronauts.
B．The food can be cooked in various ways.
C．The astronauts can’t have meals as they wish.
D．Astronauts don’t care about what they eat in the space station.
6．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “gorged” in Paragraph 2
A．Subscribed. B．Filled.
C．awarded. D．Revealed.
7．Why do astronauts grow Chinese cabbage and other vegetables aboard the ISS
A．To kill the spare minutes. B．To entertain themselves during the voyage.
C．To explore the universe. D．To test for the plants growing best.
8．What is the best title for the passage
A．Challenges Astronauts Face in Space.
B．The Best Food Ever for Space Voyages.
C．Fine Dining on the International Space Station.
D．The Constant Steps of Human’s Space Exploration.
Here are some properties that the British royal family owns.
Buckingham Palace The most famous palace for the British monarchy(君主), Buckingham Palace, is easily recognized. It was originally built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 and acquired by King George Ⅲ in 1761 and has remained in the royal family ever since. This is where the family tends to greet visitors and crowds, and serves as the administrative offices of the monarch of the United Kingdom. It is valued at $4.9 billion.
The Diamond Diadem(王冠) This Diamond Diadem was made in 1820 for George Ⅳ, which was regularly worn by Queen Victoria after it was reset with jewels from the royal collection. Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ wore it in 1953. The jewelry experts estimated it to be worth around $ 6.9 million.
Painting by Claude Monet The royal family is known for its extensive art collection as well. This is “Study of Rocks; Creuse: ‘Le Bloc’” by Claude Monet (1840-1926). In 1949, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother purchased it for $2,300, and by the time of her death in 2002, it was worth about $17,000. The Monet painting hung in her main residence at Clarence House for several years, but is now on display at Buckingham Palace.
Tower of London It’s built in 1066. It’s not a working palace any more, but it used to be. The Tower of London, officially called His Majesty’s Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, now functions as a museum and is a protected World Heritage Site due to its extensive history. It’s also the single most valuable piece of property in the United Kingdom, estimated to be worth about $81 billion.
9．What do we know about Buckingham Palace from the text A．It was built in memory of King George Ⅲ.
B．All the British royal family lives there.
C．It’s a working place of the British monarchy.
D．The Diamond Diadem is on display there.
10．What makes the painting by Claude Monet different from the other three
A．It has the shortest history.
B．Its value cannot be estimated by money.
C．It was passed down by previous monarchs.
D．It was Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother’s favorite.
11．Which of the following properties has the highest price
A．Buckingham Palace. B．The Diamond Diadem.
C．Painting by Claude Monet. D．Tower of London.
Scientists are taking the study of archaeology (考古学) to a whole other dimension: space. For the first time, researchers are examining the ways humans live on the International Space Station (ISS), more specifically how they live culturally and materially, since it began orbital operations in 2000.
The project, involving daily photography of various ISS areas, was developed in 2015 by professors Justin Walsh of Chapman University in California, and Alice Gorman of Flinders University. The Earth-based scientists are working with astronauts to monitor changes in one-meter-square areas at the space station.
According to Chris Young of Interesting Engineering, for their first experiment, the astronauts are creating the equivalent of an earthen test pit (探坑) by marking out five areas within the space station. This test will focus on the kitchen table, workstation, payload rack (载荷机架) and a wall near the washroom and a section of the laboratory module, Destiny. Astronauts will then take daily photographs over a period of 60 days to know how the different spaces are used by the crew. For the first 30 days, images will be taken at about the same time each day and then at random times for the remainder of the experiment.
The archaeologists plan to study the images to better understand how the astronauts have interacted and adapted in the space in the 20 years when the ISS has orbited Earth, and how it has affected the crew’s ability to solve technical, engineering and medical issues, reports Leonard David of .
Original plans called for the ISS crew to swab (用拭子擦拭) surfaces for biological data and make sound and video recordings, but these ideas were given up so the project could begin sooner. Walsh tells he hopes the project will help find ways for future habitat designers to do their work better.
“The advantage of archaeology is that it shows us what people actually do, rather than what they think, or say, they do,” Gorman says.
12．What can we learn about the project according to the text
A．It plans to get astronauts interested in archaeology.
B．It’s carried out based on international cooperation.
C．It’s intended to learn more about other planets in space.
D．It involves taking daily photos of several areas on the ISS.
13．What will be a research focus of the project
A．Astronauts’ health and fitness.
B．Orbital operations of the ISS.
C．The ways of communication between astronauts.
D．Searching for creatures living on other planets.
14．What was done in order to get the project started earlier
A．Reducing the number of the participants.
B．Deleting some tasks from the original to-do list.
C．Inviting more scientists to give useful advice.
D．Asking the ISS crew to stop their daily work.
15．What is the main idea of the text
A．Researchers use archaeology to study humans’ life on the ISS.
B．Scientists should carry out more experiments on the ISS.
C．Astronauts tend to enrich their daily lives by taking pictures.
D．Archeologists can play a leading role in space explorations.
New Zealand’s government released its first-ever climate adaptation plan, which includes the possibility of moving some communities to higher ground. But the six-year plan, which runs nearly 200 pages, is short of some important details, including how much the changes will cost and who will pay.
Climate Change Minister James Shaw said that about 70,000 coastal homes in New Zealand were at risk from rising seas, and many more inland homes were at risk from flooding rivers. He said New Zealand had been slow to adapt to climate change, which would end up costing more money over time. “I am frustrated that for the last three decades, successive governments have not paid any attention in any real form to the challenges that we face from the effects of climate change,” Shaw said.
The National Adaptation Plan includes the possible relocation of low-lying homes and assets as rising seas and increased storms make flooding more common. “In some highly exposed areas, the risk from natural hazard and climate impacts may become intolerable,” the report says. The report says that a “managed retreat (撤离)” from such areas will often be considered a last resort, to be used in combination with other adaptations such as installing seawalls and raising houses on stilts.
Shaw said the costs for adaptation would be borne by a combination of homeowners, insurers, banks, local councils and central government. He said the government was taking hardship into account, and would target help to those least able to pay for changes themselves. The plan also aims to make climate-change data more widely accessible, which in some cases could impact insurance rates and property prices.
Luke Harrington, a senior lecturer in climate change at the University of Waikato, said in a statement the report was a timely reminder that New Zealand needed to deal not only with rising seas, but also with other climate impacts such as more severe droughts and extreme rainfall. “This National Adaptation Plan is a great first step towards dealing with some of these challenges, though paucity remains in some of the details,” he said.
16．What does the climate adaptation plan of New Zealand include
A．The investors of the plan. B．The cost of carrying out the plan.
C．All details about adapting to climate change. D．Moving some communities to higher ground.
17．Which of the following statements would James Shaw agree with
A．Many New Zealanders were threatened by climate change.
B．New Zealand had taken fast measures to climate change.
C．New Zealand had invested much money to climate change.
D．Many governments have made efforts to deal with the challenges.
18．How many adaptations to climate change are mentioned in the text
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
19．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “paucity” in the last paragraph
A．Satisfaction. B．Shortage. C．Attraction. D．Chance.
In January 2022, the now l7-year-old Mack Rutherford watched his 19-year-old sister, Zara Rutherford, set two new world records for flying around the world in an ultralight aircraft. Less than a month later, Mack declared his intention to go for a world record too!
“I always knew I wanted to do something special in my life in aviation but I wasn’t quite sure what I wanted to do, it was only when my sister flew around the world that I knew this was what I wanted to do,” Mack said.
Mack is no stranger to aviation. He was only 15 when he became the youngest pilot in the world. Now, he’s set the record for the youngest person to fly around the world, replacing previous record-holder Travis Ludlow of Britain. Travis was 18 when he set the record in 2021.
Mack’s journey began on March 23rd, 2022 when he left Sofia, Bulgaria flying a Shark, an ultralight aircraft that’s the same style his sister used in her circumnavigation of the globe.
“I am flying a Shark,” Mack wrote on his website. “It is a high-performance ultralight aircraft made in Europe. The aircraft has been specially prepared for such a long journey.”
Mack traveled through 52 countries over five continents. The trip was supposed to take between two and three months, but paperwork and visa issues slowed his progress.
On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records! He’s now the youngest person to fly around the world solo. He displaced his sister as the previous record holder, but we’re sure there are no hard feelings!
As Mack stepped out of the aircraft in Belgium, he had some simple words of wisdom to offer the world.
“Just follow your dreams, no matter how old you are — work hard and move forward to achieve your goals,” he said.
20．What encouraged Mack to follow his dream mostly
A．Encouragements from his parents. B．His sister’s great achievements.
C．His strong-willed personality. D．His intention to travel the globe.
21．What do we know about Mack’s journey
A．Mack flew the same place that his sister did. B．Mack finished the journey ahead of time.
C．Bad weather made his journey slow. D．It lasted for about five months.
22．Which of the following words can best describe Mack
A．Courageous and ambitious. B．Cooperative and generous.
C．Enthusiastic and kind. D．Professional and proud.
23．How does the author develop the text
A．By giving examples. B．By following space order.
C．By following time order. D．By giving a detailed analysis.
There are numerous amusement parks all over the world. A famous magazine, Amusement Today, does a survey among park lovers every year both in the US and overseas, based on which, “Top 5 List of the Best Amusement Parks in the World” has come out as follows:
Disneyland, California
Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California, the US. More than 515 million guests have travelled to this American landmark from around the world since the park first opened to guests on July 17, 1955. The park consists of many world-famous sections, such as Main Street, Adventure Land, New Orleans Square, and so on.
Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida
Magic Kingdom is a theme park within the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando opened on October 1, 1971. It is the most famous theme park in Florida. The park’s design and attractions don’t make much difference from Disneyland Park in Anaheim.
EPCOT, Disney World, Florida
EPCOT is the second theme park built at the Walt Disney World Resort near Orlando, Florida. The park opened on October 1, 1982, and was named EPCOT Centre from 1982 to 1993. It was the largest Disney theme park in the world until 1998, when Disney’s Animal Kingdom opened.
Disney-MGM Studios, Florida
MGM’s streets are the home for some great movie-themed attractions with a history of less than 30 years. With the addition of the Twilight Zone Tower of Terror and the Rock ‘N’ Roller Coaster, the park is now home to Disney World’s most thrilling rides.
Universal Studios, Florida
Go behind the scenes, beyond the screen and jump right into the action of your favourite movies at Universal Studios, the number one movie and TV theme park in the world.
24．Which park has the longest history
A．Magic Kingdom, Disney World, Florida. B．Disneyland, California.
C．EPCOT, Disney World, Florida. D．Disney-MGM Studios, Florida.
25．Which of the following theme parks have similar attractions
A．EPCOT & Disney-MGM Studios.
B．Magic Kingdom & Universal Studios.
C．Disneyland, California & Universal Studios.
D．Disneyland, California & Magic Kingdom.
26．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To attract tourists to these theme parks.
B．To compare attractions in different theme parks.
C．To introduce world’s best amusement parks.
D．To increase the sales of Amusement Today.
Last summer, Steven Eaton received more than 200 young people on his organic farm. None of them said that they wanted to make money from farming. Some of them described it as a kind of protest against the idea that success means a big paycheck and many took it as a means to protect the environment.
Steven Eaton understands such idealists(理想主义者)and he was one of them about a decade ago. In 2010, he was in a law school in Washington, DC, but not enjoying it much. Then he applied to work on a farm in West Virginia in summer.
“I felt lost when I was in the city. It’s in the field that I found peace and harmony in my life,” recalls Eaton, who now runs an organic farm close to New York City. “So I went back to West Virginia after graduation.”
Farming—the independence and the connection to something as real as soil and food—was the one thing that he wanted to throw himself into. And he’s been doing it ever since.
But it wasn’t always a big happy folk dance.
“I had a lot of failures in the first couple of years and I didn’t really know what I was doing,” he laughs.
Eventually, he learned to be realistic about farming. “It’s good to be an idealist. But if you’re going to stick with it, and expect to make a living at it, you’ve got to be realistic about the business aspects: Money, managing money, borrowing money, and all the things that a business person has to do. You have to learn to like that and be willing to be good at that. That may even mean burning a little more fossil fuel, so you can get your produce to cities, where people pay higher prices.”
That sense of farming as a practical form of idealism is probably the biggest thing the young people have to learn. When you’re farming, you have to put survival first.
27．Why did many of the young people want to become farmers
A．To make a lot of money. B．To apply their learning to practice.
C．To protect the environment. D．To study the pollution in agriculture.
28．Which of the following best describes Steven Eaton as a law student
A．Idealistic. B．Realistic. C．Selfless. D．Successful.
29．What message does Steven Eaton want to convey to the young people
A．Put environment before profit.
B．Be realistic about the business aspects.
C．Stick to your idealism forever.
D．Find a much easier job than farming.
30．What does the author think of Steven Eaton’s advice
A．Outdated. B．Useless. C．Funny. D．Valuable.
Researchers found that our bodies aren’t just programmed to be nice. They reward us for being kind.
One of them, psychology professor Sonja Lyubomirsky from University of California, has put that concept to the test in many experiments over 20 years and has repeatedly found that people feel better when they are kind to others, even more than when they are kind to themselves. In one experiment, she asked subjects to do an extra three acts of kindness for other people a week and asked a different group to do three acts of self—kindness. They could be small, like opening a door for someone, or big. The same even occurred with spending money on themselves or others. She found that the people who were kind to others became happier and felt more connected to the world than those who just did acts of self—kindness.
Lyubomirsky thinks it is because people spend too much time thinking and worrying about themselves and when they think of others while doing acts of kindness, it redirects them away from their own problems.
The other researchers have found that we prize kindness over any other value. When psychologists put values into ten categories and asked people what was more important, kindness comes out on top, beating physical pleasure, creativity, ambition, security, seeking social justice and power, said University of London psychologist Anat Bardi, who studies value systems.
“Kindness, like religion, does seem to be universal,” said Oliver Curry, a researcher from University of Oxford. “I think reasoning is the secret. We’re kind because under the right circumstances we all benefit from kindness. That is why we donate blood when there are disasters.”
31．Why can being kind to others make people feel happy according to Lyubomirsky
A．It takes their attention away from their own problems.
B．The world becomes much better due to their kindness.
C．Their problem seems less serious compared to others’.
D．Their action gives them a sense of power and achievement.
32．Which of the following do people value most according to paragraph 4
A．Making a lot of money. B．Volunteering and donating.
C．Inventing a new machine. D．Finding a rare and delicious food.
33．What does Oliver Curry stress in his explanation
A．Social values. B．Personal virtues. C．Religious beliefs. D．Potential rewards.
34．What is the best title for the text
A．We Can Be Programmed to Be Kind
B．Researchers Find That Being Kind Pays Off
C．Happier People Tend to Do Kind Acts
D．Research Shows Random Kindness Helps the Needy
Today, the original Beetle has largely disappeared from the world’s roads since Volkswagen stopped producing it in Germany in 1978. But the instantly recognizable car was once everywhere. From the 1970s to the 1990s, more than 21 million Beetles were produced worldwide. Many adults in their 40s or above have a story about the Beetle, or at least a memory.
Part of its universal appeal is its unique look. There’s something about the car that just makes people smile: its happy shape, its cheerful colors, and perhaps its small size. However, the smiles that beetles evoke, in people are not simply due to their design. It has a character almost. It has a sort of soul in a way. It’s beyond a machine. For the better part of a century this car has been a part in people’s lives. Seeing these cars on the road is like a time capsule. It opens people to memories and stories that might otherwise go untold. By allowing us to travel back in time, they remind us of what’s important. In today’s world, this car represents something very basic and earthy and genuine. Exactly the kind of travel we need right now.
“My parents had three, a white one, then a red one, and then an orange one. It was the car I grew up with,” said actor Ewan McGregor. “They would put us in the back of the Beetle in Scotland and drive to France for camping holidays in summer. My first car was a 1978 Beetle and now I own two, parked at my home in Los Angeles.”
McGregor thinks the car’s future is electric. He has recently turned his 1978 model into a fully electric car. “Moving forward, maybe we’ll just have to think; smaller cars, low emissions (排放), and something that makes us feel happy,” he says.
35．When was the production of Beetles stopped in Germany
A．In the 1990s. B．In the 1980s. C．In the late 1970s. D．In the early 1960s.
36．Which of the following best explains “evoke” underlined in paragraph 2
A．To keep an unpleasant feeling in one’s mind.
B．To find out information about one’s character.
C．To bring a feeling or a memory into one’s mind.
D．To ask somebody to do something in a rude way.
37．Why does Ewan McGregor own two Beetles
A．He wants to be reminded of his childhood.
B．They are used to decorate his new home.
C．He has too many children for just one car.
D．His parents have left one of their cars to him.
38．In which section of a newspaper does this text most probably appear
A．Advertisement. B．Lifestyle. C．Environment. D．Economy.
参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“沉没成本效应”在我们实际生活中的体现。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“The simplest method of beating this error of judgement is to simply stop investing when it’s not producing results. As the age-old proverb goes, ‘Why cry over spilt milk ’(克服这种判断错误的最简单的方法就是在没有结果的时候停止投资。正如那句古老的谚语所说：“牛奶洒了，何必哭呢？”)”，这里的it指的是 “Stopping investing”，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The sunk cost effect is the ongoing investment of time, money and effort that an individual makes in any attempt, even if rationally the results appear unpromising. When any individual has already made an investment of time, money or effort, it becomes difficult to withdraw from the task. An error of judgement occurs when we fail to cut our losses—the sunk cost.(沉没成本效应是指个人在任何尝试中持续投入的时间、金钱和努力，即使从理性上看结果似乎不太理想。当个人已经投入了时间、金钱或精力时，就很难从任务中抽身。当我们无法减少损失，即沉没成本时，就会出现判断失误。)”可知，C选项“即使食物味道并不好，但依然继续吃自己点的食物”符合题意，故选C。
3．推理判断题。由第三段的“People become risk-seeking when they are facing a definite loss. They will pump more money as a gamble to achieve a positive outcome.(当人们面临明确的损失时，他们就会变得冒险。他们将投入更多的资金作为一种赌博，以获得积极的结果。)”可知，沉没效应的主要原因可能是害怕失去，期待更好。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“We, however, will not choose to honor sunk costs on every occasion. This is especially true in the case of insurance.Let’s say that you have taken home insurance and probably never used it. You are not going to burn your house down just so you can utilize your house insurance.(然而，我们不会选择在任何场合都尊重沉没成本。在保险业中尤其如此。假设你买了家庭保险，可能从来没有用过。你不会为了利用你的房子保险而烧毁你的房子。)”可知，提及“家庭保险”是为了进一步解释说明“我们不会在任何情况下都考虑沉没成本”，故选D。
5．C
6．B
7．D
8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在空间站的饮食现状及研究新成果。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Food in space can only be reheated instead of being cooked fresh. Besides, meals for each crew member must be stored in advance and eaten in order. All of this may sound a little difficult to accept. (太空中的食物只能重新加热，不能新鲜烹饪。此外，每个船员的膳食必须提前储存，并按顺序食用。所有这些听起来可能有点难以接受)”可知，空间站的宇航员不能随心所欲吃他们想吃的食物，故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据划线词句子“a pancakes gorged with beef, tomatoes and a fresh hatch chilli (红番椒) grown aboard the International Space Station itself.( 煎饼里gorged牛肉、西红柿和在国际空间站上种植的新鲜辣椒)”并结合常识，可猜测gorged意为“塞满”，即煎饼里塞满了牛肉、西红柿和辣椒。A. Subscribed签署；B. Filled填满；C. awarded奖励；D. Revealed透露，故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Astronauts have grown several kinds of vegetables including Chinese cabbage and red Russian kale (羽衣甘蓝) in this micro-plot, to test which plants might grow best during a long space voyage. (宇航员们已经在这个微型试验田中种植了包括大白菜和红色俄罗斯羽衣甘蓝在内的几种蔬菜，以测试哪种植物在漫长的太空航行中生长得最好)”可知，宇航员在国际空间站种植大白菜和其他蔬菜是为了测试哪种植物长得最好。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。 根据文章大意结合三个宇航员描述空间站的饮食““Best space pancakes yet,” she shared online.(“最好吃的太空煎饼，”她在网上分享道)，第四段的“It is such a joy to grow (and eat) your own food, and necessary for further exploration of our Solar System.(自己种植(并食用)食物是一种乐趣，这对进一步探索太阳系是必要的)”，最后一段的“She says the harvest of their famous local crop in outer space is the talk of the town. (她说，他们在外太空收获的当地著名作物是镇上的热门话题)”可知，文章介绍了宇航员在空间站的饮食现状及研究新成果。C选项“国际空间站上的美食”符合文章大意，可以做标题，故选C。
9．C
10．A
11．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国君主实际拥有的一些财产。
9．细节理解题。根据Buckingham Palace中的“This is where the family tends to greet visitors and crowds, and serves as the administrative offices of the monarch of the United Kingdom. (这是王室成员接待访客和人群的地方，也是英国君主的行政办公室。)”可知，这是皇室成员接待游客的地方，并作为英国君主的行政办公室，故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章中其他三个财物的产生时间“It was originally built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703(它最初是在1703年为白金汉公爵建造的)，This Diamond Diadem was made in 1820 for George Ⅳ(这枚钻石王冠是1820年为乔治Ⅳ制作的)，It’s built in 1066.( 它建于1066年。)”可知，都早于莫奈的出生时间1840年，故莫奈的名作《岩石研究，克勒兹》为四者中历史最短，故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据四个财物的估值可知，伦敦塔是英国最有价值的房产，估计价值约810亿美元，为价格最高。故选D。
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是科学家们正将考古学的研究带入太空。据新闻报道可知，这是研究人员首次研究国际空间站上人类的生活方式。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“The project, involving daily photography of various ISS areas, was developed in 2015 by professors Justin Walsh of Chapman University in California, and Alice Gorman of Flinders University.(该项目包括国际空间站各个区域的日常摄影，由加州Chapman大学的Justin Walsh教授和Flinders大学的Alice Gorman教授于2015年开发。)”和第三段“Astronauts will then take daily photographs over a period of 60 days to know how the different spaces are used by the crew. For the first 30 days, images will be taken at about the same time each day and then at random times for the remainder of the experiment.(宇航员将在60天的时间里每天拍摄照片，以了解宇航员是如何使用不同的空间的。在实验的前30天里，图像将在每天相同的时间拍摄，然后在实验的其余时间随机拍摄。)”可知，这个研究项目包括对国际空间站的几个区域进行每日拍照。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The archaeologists plan to study the images to better understand how the astronauts have interacted and adapted in the space in the 20 years when the ISS has orbited Earth, and how it has affected the crew’s ability to solve technical, engineering and medical issues, reports Leonard David of .(据网站的Leonard David报道，考古学家计划研究这些图像，以更好地了解国际空间站绕地球运行20年以来，宇航员是如何在太空中互动和适应的，以及这是如何影响宇航员解决技术、工程和医疗问题的能力的。)”可知，宇航员之间互动交流的方式将是其中的一个研究重点。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第五段中第一句“Original plans called for the ISS crew to swab (用拭子擦拭) surfaces for biological data and make sound and video recordings, but these ideas were given up so the project could begin sooner.(最初的计划是让国际空间站的工作人员采集表面的生物数据，并进行声音和视频录制，但这些想法都被放弃了，以便项目能更快开始。)”可知，为了让项目早点开始，原来的待办事项列表中的一些任务被删除，故选B。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Scientists are taking the study of archaeology (考古学) to a whole other dimension: space. For the first time, researchers are examining the ways humans live on the International Space Station (ISS), more specifically how they live culturally and materially, since it began orbital operations in 2000.(科学家们正把考古研究带入另一个维度：空间。研究人员首次研究了国际空间站自2000年开始轨道运行以来人类在空间站上的生活方式，更具体地说，是他们在文化和物质上的生活方式。)”可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们把考古学的研究带到太空，研究人员首次在国际空间站上研究人类的生活方式。故A项“Researchers use archaeology to study humans’ life on the ISS.(研究人员利用考古学来研究人类在国际空间站上的生活)”是本文的主旨。故选A。
16．D
17．A
18．C
19．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新西兰政府发布了其首个气候适应计划，其中包括将一些社区迁往高地的可能性。政府表示，气候变化的一些影响现在“不可避免”，新西兰需要为社区因海平面上升而流离失所的可能性做好准备。
16．细节理解题。由第一段第一句“New Zealand’s government released its first-ever climate adaptation plan, which includes the possibility of moving some communities to higher ground.(新西兰政府发布了首个气候适应计划，其中包括将一些社区迁移到高地的可能性)”可知，这个计划包括把一些社区迁到高处。故选D。
17．推理判断题。由第二段第一句“Climate Change Minister James Shaw said that about 70,000 coastal homes in New Zealand were at risk from rising seas, and many more inland homes were at risk from flooding rivers.(气候变化部长詹姆斯·肖表示，新西兰大约7万户沿海家庭面临海平面上升的威胁，更多内陆家庭面临洪水的威胁)”可知，A选项“许多新西兰人受到气候变化的威胁”的观点James Shaw会同意。故选A。
18．细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“The report says that a “managed retreat (撤离)” from such areas will often be considered a last resort, to be used in combination with other adaptations such as installing seawalls and raising houses on stilts.(报告称，从这些地区“有管理的撤退”通常被认为是最后的手段，与其他适应措施结合使用，如安装海堤和架高房屋)”可知，文中提到了三种适应气候变化的方式。故选C。
19．词句猜测题。由最后一段中“This National Adaptation Plan is a great first step towards dealing with some of these challenges, though paucity remains in some of the details (这个国家适应计划是应对其中一些挑战的重要第一步，尽管在一些细节上仍然paucity)”可知，though表示转折，表明这个国家适应计划是应对其中一些挑战的重要第一步，尽管在一些细节方面仍然“缺乏”。故画线词意思是“缺乏”。故选B。
20．B
21．D
22．A
23．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。近日，一名17岁的少年成为世界上驾驶小型飞机单人环球飞行的最年轻飞行员。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段““I always knew I wanted to do something special in my life in aviation but I wasn’t quite sure what I wanted to do, it was only when my sister flew around the world that I knew this was what I wanted to do,” Mack said.(麦克说：“我一直都知道，我想在我的人生中做一些特别的航空事业，但我不太确定我想做什么，直到我的姐姐乘飞机环游世界时，我才知道这就是我想做的。”)”可知，是姐姐的成就鼓励他有所作为。故选B。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段“Mack’s journey began on March 23rd, 2022 when he left Sofia, Bulgaria flying a Shark, an ultralight aircraft that’s the same style his sister used in her circumnavigation of the globe.(麦克的旅程始于2022年3月23日，当时他驾驶一架鲨鱼超轻型飞机离开保加利亚的索非亚，这是他姐姐环球航行时使用的同款飞机)”以及倒数第三段中“On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records!(2022年8月24日，麦克完成了他的旅程，并创造了两项新的世界纪录！)”可知，他的旅程持续大约五个月。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records! He’s now the youngest person to fly around the world solo. He displaced his sister as the previous record holder, but we’re sure there are no hard feelings!(2022年8月24日，麦克完成了他的旅程，并创造了两项新的世界纪录!他现在是独自环游世界最年轻的人。他取代了他的姐姐成为之前的纪录保持者，但我们相信他不会有什么不愉快的感觉！)”可知，麦克独自一人环游世界，说明他勇敢；他效仿姐姐有所成就，说明他有雄心。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mack’s journey began on March 23rd, 2022 when he left Sofia, Bulgaria flying a Shark, an ultralight aircraft that’s the same style his sister used in her circumnavigation of the globe.(麦克的旅程始于2022年3月23日，当时他驾驶一架鲨鱼超轻型飞机离开保加利亚的索非亚，这是他姐姐环球航行时使用的同款飞机)”以及倒数第三段中“On August 24, 2022, Mack completed his journey and set not one, but two new world records!(2022年8月24日，麦克完成了他的旅程，并创造了两项新的世界纪录！)”以及全文中出现的时间先后顺序以及时间发生过程可知，本文是以时间为线索行文的，故选C。
24．B
25．D
26．C
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章以一家著名杂志社每年在美国和海外游乐园爱好者中间所作的调查为基础，向人们介绍了世界上最好的前五所游乐园。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段“since the park first opened to guests on July 17, 1955. ”（自1955年7月17日公园首次向游客开放以来。）、第三段“opened on October 1, 1971.”（于1971年10月开放）、第四段“The park opened on October 1, 1982,”（这所公园于1982年10月1日开放）和第五段“with a history of less than 30 years. ”（有着不到30年的历史）可知，第二段所指的Disneyland, California拥有最长的历史。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California, the US.”（Disneyland是位于美国加利福尼亚州Anaheim的一所主题公园。）和第三段“The park’s design and attractions don’t make much difference from Disneyland Park in Anaheim.”（这所公园的设计和景点同位于Anaheim的Disneyland Park没有多大区别。）可知，两段分别所指的Disneyland, California和Magic Kingdom有着相似的景点。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“A famous magazine, Amusement Today, does a survey among park lovers every year both in the US and overseas, based on which, “Top 5 List of the Best Amusement Parks in the World” has come out as follows:”（著名杂志《今日娱乐》每年都会在美国和海外的公园爱好者中进行一项调查，根据调查结果，“世界上最好的五个游乐园”如下:）可知，文章的目的是向人们介绍世界上最好的五个游乐园。故选C。
27．C
28．A
29．B
30．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为年轻人在选择职业时可以有一定的理想主义成分。但是，在从事具体的工作时就得脚踏实地，知道妥协，不走极端。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“None of them said that they wanted to make money from farming. Some of them described it as a kind of protest against the idea that success means a big paycheck and many took it as a means to protect the environment.(他们中没有一个人说过他们想从务农中赚钱。他们中的一些人认为这是对成功意味着高薪的一种抗议，许多人认为这是一种保护环境的手段)”可知很多年轻人想成为农民是为了保护环境。故选C项。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Steven Eaton understands such idealists and he was one of them about a decade ago.(史蒂文·伊顿(Steven Eaton)了解这些理想主义者，大约十年前他就是其中之一)”可知，Steven Eaton在法学院读书时也是一个理想主义者。故选A项。
29．细节理解题。根据第七段“But if you’re going to stick with it, and expect to make a living at it, you’ve got to be realistic about the business aspects: Money, managing money, borrowing money, and all the things that a business person has to do. You have to learn to like that and be willing to be good at that. That may even mean burning a little more fossil fuel, so you can get your produce to cities, where people pay higher prices.(但如果你打算坚持下去，并期望以此为生，你就必须对商业方面的问题保持现实的态度：钱、理财、借钱，以及所有商业人士必须做的事情。你必须学会喜欢它，并愿意做好它。这甚至可能意味着燃烧更多的化石燃料，这样你就可以把你的产品送到城市，那里的人们支付更高的价格)”可知， Steven Eaton希望年轻人对农场的经营应该务实些。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“That sense of farming as a practical form of idealism is probably the biggest thing the young people have to learn. When you’re farming, you have to put survival first.(把农业当作一种理想主义的实际形式，这可能是年轻人必须学习的最重要的东西。当你种地的时候，你必须把生存放在第一位)”可推断，作者认为Steven Eaton的建议还是很接地气的而有价值的。故选D项。
31．A
32．B
33．D
34．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了人们为什么能够从利他行为中获得幸福感。
31．细节理解题。根据第三段“Lyubomirsky thinks it is because people spend too much time thinking and worrying about themselves and when they think of others while doing acts of kindness, it redirects them away from their own problems.”(Lyubomirsky认为，这是因为人们花了太多时间思考和担心自己，当他们在做善事时想到他人，这会让他们远离自己的问题。)可知，Lyubomirsky认为，利他行为能让人暂时忘却自己的烦恼，从而提升幸福感。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第四段“When psychologists put values into ten categories and asked people what was more important, kindness comes out on top, beating physical pleasure, creativity, ambition, security, seeking social justice and power”(当心理学家将价值观分为十大类，并询问人们什么更重要时，善良最重要，战胜了身体愉悦、创造力、野心、安全感，寻求社会正义和权力)可推断，从事志愿活动或捐助活动会等善良的行为会给人们带来更大的满足感。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据最后一段“We’re kind because under the right circumstances we all benefit from kindness.”(我们是善良的，因为在适当的环境下，我们都从善良中受益。)可知，Oliver Curry认为人们之所以会做出利他行为，归根到底，还是为了互利。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers found that our bodies aren’t just programmed to be nice. They reward us for being kind.”(研究人员发现，我们的身体不仅仅是被设计得很好。他们奖励我们善良。)和最后一段“We’re kind because under the right circumstances we all benefit from kindness.”(我们是善良的，因为在适当的环境下，我们都从善良中受益。)可知，本文主要是介绍了研究人员的研究成果：利他行为，利人也利己。故选B。
35．C
36．C
37．A
38．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了曾畅销全球的甲壳虫汽车早已超越了代步的工具，而是升华为几代人情感与记忆的载体。
35．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Today, the original Beetle has largely disappeared from the world’s roads since Volkswagen stopped producing it in Germany in 1978.”（如今，自1978年大众汽车停止在德国生产甲壳虫以来，最初的甲壳虫基本上已经从世界道路上消失了。）可知，大众汽车自1978年停止在德国生产甲壳虫，由此可知，德国在20世纪70年代末停止生产甲壳虫。故选C项。
36．词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“Seeing these cars on the road is like a time capsule. It opens people to memories and stories that might otherwise go untold.”（在路上看到这些汽车就像一个时间胶囊。它让人们想起了那些原本可能无法描述的记忆和故事。）可知，甲壳虫能够让人们想起之前的记忆和生活中曾发生的故事，由此可知，甲壳虫唤起了人们的记忆，“o bring a feeling or a memory into one’s mind”意为“把一种感觉或记忆带入脑海”，选项能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
37．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容““My parents had three, a white one, then a red one, and then an orange one. It was the car I grew up with,” said actor Ewan McGregor. “They would put us in the back of the Beetle in Scotland and drive to France for camping holidays in summer. My first car was a 1978 Beetle and now I own two, parked at my home in Los Angeles.””（演员伊万·麦格雷戈说：“我父母有三辆车，一辆白色的，一辆红色的，然后一辆橙色的。这是伴随我长大的车。”“在苏格兰，他们会把我们放在甲壳虫的后座上，夏天开车去法国露营度假。我的第一辆车是1978年的甲壳虫，现在我有两辆，停在洛杉矶的家里。”）可知，甲壳虫是伴随伊万·麦格雷戈长大的车，他小时候曾坐在甲壳虫的后座上，和家人一起去度假，由此可知，伊万·麦格雷戈拥有两辆甲壳虫是因为甲壳虫会让他回想起他的童年。故选A项。
38．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“McGregor thinks the car’s future is electric. He has recently turned his 1978 model into a fully electric car. “Moving forward, maybe we’ll just have to think; smaller cars, low emissions (排放), and something that makes us feel happy,” he says.”（麦格雷戈认为汽车的未来是电动的。他最近将1978年的车型改为全电动汽车。“向前看，也许我们只需要思考；更小的汽车，低排放, 还有一些让我们感到快乐的东西，”他说。）可知，本文主要介绍了曾畅销全球的甲壳虫汽车是几代人记忆的载体，现在的甲壳虫汽车顺应时代要求，发展成更小、更环保的汽车，这是一种生活方式的变化，由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是人们的生活方式，最可能出现在报纸的生活方式部分。故选B项。