人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists一轮复习课件（50张PPT）

(共50张PPT)
Unit 1 Science and Scientists
人教版高中英语
选择性必修第二册
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2023年1月7日
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Contents
Words
Grammar
Language Points
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Words
1. severe diseases严重的疾病
severe punishment重罚
severely（adv.）严重地
2.be frustrated at/with 对......沮丧
3. once and for all=thoroughly彻底地
4. be contradictory to与.....矛盾
contradict（v.）反驳
contradiction（n.）反驳
5. infectious（adj.）传染的
be infected with感染上
6. subscription（n.）订阅
subscriber（n.）订阅人
subscribe to同意=agree with
subscribe for预订
7. multiply乘法
multi- 多...... multiple choices多项选择题
8. one-parent households单亲家庭
9. suspect （v.）怀疑（n.）嫌疑犯
suspect sb of sth怀疑某人有罪
suspect sb to be/as怀疑某人是......
suspicion（n.）怀疑
suspicious（adj.）可疑的
10. be to blame=should be blamed for理应受到责备
blame sb for doing sth因做某事责备某人
11. handle=deal with处理
12. intervene（v.）干预
intervene in出面，介入
13. link A to B=connect A with B把......连接起来
14. decrease by减少了
decrease to减少到
increase增加
increasingly（adv.）增加地=more and more
15.thanks to=due to=as a result of=owing to=because of由于
16. transformation（n.）转化
transform A into B 把A变成B
17. epidemic（n.）流行病
18. micro- 微小的
microwave 微波炉
telescope 望远镜
19. thought（n.）想法
think（v.）思考
think pattern思维方式
20. flu virus流感病毒
COVID-19新冠病毒
21. lay a solid foundation on夯实基础
22. be cast down by sth因某事沮丧=be depressed about
23. pour into流进，涌进
pour out倾诉，倒出
24. concrete evidence确凿的证据
25. patriotism （n.）爱国主义
patriot（n.）爱国者
26. mechanical（adj.）机械的
mechine（n.）机械
27. break-broke-broken
28. defence（n.）防御
defensive（adj.）防御性的
29. jet lag飞行时差反应（旧教材必修五）
a jet aircraft喷气式飞机
30.assist（v.）援助
assistance（n.）帮助
31. sb be in charge of sth=sth be in the charge of sb
take charge of掌管 free of charge=for free免费
32. leader（n.）领导
-ship 表示某种关系
friendship 友谊
33. trace/date back to追溯于
34. excellent/terrific/remarkable/billiant杰出的
35. be gifted with=be talented in=be good at
have a gift/talent for在.....方面有天赋
36. calm down使平静下来
come down with患上
37. concrete（adj.）具体的
concrete/abstract principle/knowledge
具体/抽象原理/知识
in abstract抽象地
38. steadily（adv.）稳定地
39. furthermore=moreover并且，此外
What’s more，...
40. after all终究，毕竟
all in all总的来说=in conclusion/to conclude
41. be at fault有过错
42. vividly（adv.）鲜明地
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Grammar
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点1
that _________ 意义，在表语从句中 _________ 成分,起_________ 作用，_________ 省略。
无
不充当
连接
不能
Eg. One reason for her preference for the city is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点2
Eg. The question is whether we can rely on him. He often tells lies.
连接词 whether 起 _________ 作用，意为“__________________” ，在句中也不作任何成（注意：if _________ 引导表语从句分)。
连接
是否、究竟、到底
不能
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点3
Eg. That’s why I can’t agree with you.
This is how they overcome the difficulties.
My memory is when I attended an American wedding.
连接代词 what, which, who, whom, whose 除在句子中起 _________ 作用外，还可在从句中作 _________、________ 或 _________，且各有词义。
连接
主语
表语
定语
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点4
Eg. It seems as if/though he doesn’t know the answer.
It looks as if/though it is going to rain.
as if / as though 引导的表语从句常置于_________look, seem, sound, be, become 等_________。
系动词
后面
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点5
Eg. The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the bus.
Why we decided to put off the football match is that the weather was too bad.
当主句的主语是 ________________ 或 why 引导的 __________时常用 ________ 来引导表语从句，而不用 because。
the reason
主语从句
that
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点6
“that / this / it + is / was why + _________ (原因 / 结果) …”是表示“_________________________”
“ that / this / it / is / was because + _________ (原因 / 结果) …”是表示“_________________________”
这 / 那就是……的原因
原因
这 / 那就是因为……
结果
Eg. I think that’s why he was so angry.
I think it is because you are doing too much.
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点7
Eg. The reason why he was so late is that it was raining hard.
注意：why+结果，is that+原因
“ the reason why … is that …” 中 why 是引导 _________，that 引导的是 _________，表示“__________________”。
表语从句
定语从句
……的原因是……
表语从句：在系动词后的句子是表语从句。
要点8
Eg. My advice is that we （should） get there by train.
注意：语法填空常考！！！
当主句的主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划等的名词时，表语从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。
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Language Points
(1)Furthermore，the boss blamed the mistake his assistant.
(2)I’m not going to sit around and take blame for a mistake he made.
be to blame (for sth. )(对某事)负有责任，应受责备
blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
blame sth. on sb. /sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事
take the blame承担过错
vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
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blame
on
the
(3)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(话题写作之人际交往)
When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always_______________
__________.After all，many times .So instead of
，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
blame others for
mistakes
we are also to blame
blaming others
defend...against/from (doing...)保护……免受……
defend oneself自卫；为自己辩护
in defence (of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one’s defence为某人辩护
vt.保卫；防守；辩解 [defenc(s)e n.防御；保卫；保护]
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defend
(1)The law allows people to defend themselves a charge.
(2)The assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if defence.
from/against
in
(3)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)
①Seeing the fierce snake，_____________________________________.
(defend)
②Seeing the fierce snake，______________________________________.
(defence)
he rushed to defend his son like an arrow
he rushed in defence of his son like an arrow
come across (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解
come about发生(无被动形式)
come on加油；到来；得了吧
come out出版；结果是；(花)开放
come up走近；上来；被提出
come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)
when it comes to...当谈及……
染上；得了(……病)；患(病)
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come down (with...)
用come的相关短语填空
(1) Above all，tell me how the accident immediately.
(2)My assistant’s first novel ，which made me proud of him.
(3)She this summer flu everyone’s getting and went home before I got in.
(4) English learning，I have the following practical
suggestions to share.Firstly，when you unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers’ questions _______
in class，you should try to answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“ ！”(应用文写作之建议信)
came about
came down with
came out
When it comes to
come across
come up
come up with
Come on
after all毕竟；终究
first of all首先；第一
all in all整体说来；总而言之
in all全部；合计
at all(否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
最重要的是；首先；尤其是
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above all
用all的相关短语填空
(1)The university I recommend to you is Beijing Language and Culture University. ，you’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. ，you will be under completely unfamiliar circumstances. ，studying for a degree in a different culture is not easy .(应用文写作之推荐信)
(2) Thanks to your timely and generous help，I managed to handle the four problems .
First of all/Above all
After all
All in all
at all
in all
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
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until引导的时间
状语从句
画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性
的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，
则主句常用否定式，构成not...until...结构。
倒装结构：部分倒装“Not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词
＋主语＋谓语动词”。
强调结构：It is/was not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
not until 用于倒装结构（语法填空常考！！）
1. The students didn’t stop talking until the teacher came in.
→ Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.
2. The sports meet will not be held until next week.
→ ______ ______ next week _____ the sports meet be held.
Not until
will
(1)我将一直在农场工作直到我挣到足够的钱帮助爸爸买辆新拖拉机。
(2021·6月浙江，读后续写)
to help my father buy a new tractor.
I would keep working on the farm until I earned enough money
(2)直到我经历了这场事故，我才意识到坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)
①I wasn’t aware that bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened .(not...until)
② bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened.(倒装句)
③ bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened.(强调句)
until I experienced the accident
Not until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was not until I experienced the accident that I was aware that
so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
so...that...句型的常见形式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that...
so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
such...that...句型的常见形式：
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
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so...that...
(1)It is normal for little boys to eat little food，so don’t blame them.
(2)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)
①He was he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.
② he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)
(3)你取得了如此巨大的进步，所以我专门写信祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
，so I am specially writing to congratulate you.
such
so
so nervous that
So nervous was he that
You have made such great progress
have sth. done使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb. /sth. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态
can’t have sb. doing sth. 不能容忍某人做某事
have sth. to do有某事要做
Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
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have sth. done
(1)我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。
(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
We began to help pick peaches and then____________________________
__________________.
(2)我们班主任不能容忍我们浪费时间。即使我们已完成作业，他也总是让我们阅读经典来开阔我们的视野。
Our headteacher .Even if we have finished our homework，he always_______________________________
_________.
had them delivered to the
farmers’ houses
can’t have us wasting our time
has us read classics to widen our
horizons
(3)我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。(应用文写作之道歉信)
I am terribly sorry for ，because
just now.
having you waiting for me for so long
I had an urgent thing to attend to
1. Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. 也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 (Para 1, Line 1)
no other than 翻译为: __________________________________
The man over there is _______ our principal.
A. no other than B. no more than
C. no other but D. none other than
除……以外没有；正是；恰恰是
A
在习语 no other than 中，no 是否定形容词，other than 表示“与……不同”；两个否定构成一个肯定，表示“ 正是”“就是 ”。
语言点补充：（拓展）
2. Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. 除了才华横溢外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。(Para 3, Line 2)
If (it is) well read, the book will give you much to think.
当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是系动词 be 或包含 be 的某种形式，此时从句的主语和 be 动词通常可以一同省略。（语法填空常考！！）
Compare and Find
语言点补充：
1 one of the most feared diseases
2 become frustrated
3 attend to sb
4 lose desire to do sth
5 once and for all
6 in general
7 two contradictory theories
最可怕的疾病之一
变得沮丧
照顾某人
失去做某事的欲望
一劳永逸
一般说来
两种截然不同的看法
课文1 重点：
8 an infection from germs in food or water
9 subscribe to the second theory
10 in two particular streets
11 be determined to find out why
12 begin by marking the exact places
13 multiple deaths near the water pump
食物或水中细菌的感染
赞同第二种看法
在两条特别的街道上
下决心找出原因
从标记确切的位置开始
水泵附近多人死亡
课文1 重点：
14 suspect that the water pump is to blame
15 what’s more / moreover
16 have it delivered to her house
17 as a result of the evidence
18 have the handle removed
19 raw waste
怀疑是水泵造成的
而且
让人把它送到她家
由于这个证据
拆掉把手
未经处理的废弃物
课文1 重点：
1 have a greater / positive impact on
2 a man with scientific thought
3 an extremely well-respected man
4 switch one’s major
5 protect and defend the country
6 over the course of ...
7 conduct important research
8 overcome difficulties
极受尊敬的人
有科学思想的人
换专业
保卫国家
进行重要研究
克服困难
对……有更大 / 积极的影响
在……的过程中
课文2 重点：
8 discourage sb from doing sth
9 take on the challenge
9 launch the first man-made satellite
10 trace back to
18 in the area of frontier science research
11 the most famous and gifted scientist
12 achieve fame
13 admit one’s faults
追溯到
最著名最有天赋的科学家
成名
承认错误
发射第一颗人造卫星
接受挑战
阻止某人做某事
尖端科学研究领域
课文2 重点：
14 apart from
15 a mixture of …
16 have a vivid imagination
除了
……的混合物
有丰富的想象力
课文2 重点：
Thanks for your listening!
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2023年1月7日