专题14 高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练（20套含答案）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练
专题14.（20套精选含答案）
阅读理解专练261
（2022·山西运城·高三开学考试）I can’t say if it was love at first sight, but the dog’s strange look captured our hearts. That’s why we welcomed this rescue dog into our home.
Dixie had recently been found on a country road. We agreed to adopt her, relying on my son’s experience with the dog at the shelter. We gave her a safe place to sleep and her own area for food and water. Thankfully, Dixie became more comfortable with her new surroundings and began to show her personality. She found joy in being able to run free and play with other dogs, the bigger the better.
We wondered what kind of breed or mix she was. Her ears, the size of her body and coloring suggested to me she was a mix. While researching, we found that she had some characteristics similar to a pit bull (比特犬). One opinion I had was that pit bulls are aggressive and a danger to society. It was not their fault, I reasoned, and they had been bred to fight. How could I keep these beliefs when this little animal had warmed my heart
At first, I was secretive (有所隐瞒的) when people asked Dixie’s breed. “I am not sure, she is a rescue,” I said, Because I was afraid of the response: “A pit bull Oh, dear!” But I adored this animal! Dixie did not show the awful characteristics so widely publicized. Dixie and I have befriended many dogs and their owners who love her spirit, playfulness and friendliness. More importantly, she exposed one of my problems: a fear of being judged by others. There is no doubt that Dixie taught me not to be so quick to judge.
Now, I am a proud owner of this pit bull-like dog.
40．What can we find out about Dixie frown the first two paragraphs
A．She was not open to humans. B．She adapted to her new host me well
C．She was brought up at a dog shelter. D．She was adopted because of her cleverness.
41．Why was the author unwilling to mention Dixie’s breed
A．She was afraid of being judged.
B．She was unsure about her origin.
C．She thought the dog was bred to fight.
D．She found Dixie either aggressive or dangerous.
42．Which of the following can best describe Dixie
A．Loyal and playful. B．god-looking and mild,
C．Warm and friendly. D．Naughty and competitive.
43．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A．To show we shouldn’t judge other people.
B．To introduce effective ways to train a dog.
C．To call on people not to abandon pet dogs.
D．To share the lessons she learned from her dog.
阅读理解专练262
（2022·河南·高三开学考试）“My ocean is my life.”These are the powerful words of Andre Miller, a marine (海洋的) scientist. He is also the owner of a dive shop that places heavy upon the exploration and conservation of his hometown’s waters.
As a young child, Andre would be fascinated by tales of the sea told by his dad who was a fisherman. When he was six years old, his mum gave him his first equipment of diving. Then, Andre spent his time diving. Andre interned (实习) at a dive shop. With this training, the young diver was able to see new depths. But unfortunately, he saw much damage.
After finishing his studies in marine biology, Andre got to work as a member of the Coastal Zone Management Unit. It was here that once again he was horrified by the rapid decline of the numbers of sea creatures and the negative effects of poor boating practices which caused havoc to the island ‘s coral(珊瑚). Therefore, the first mission of Andre’ s team was to repair destroyed reefs and save coral. And they have been very successful in their efforts.
One of Andre’s perfect moments was his role in the creation of the Carlisle Bay Marine Park. The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown. Andre describes it as “the best textbook example of how marine parks can benefit the islands”
In 2016, Andre further promised his support of the conservation of Carlisle Bay through his work with other projects. Through their work, Andre ‘s hometown has seen an increase in underwater clean-ups, which has made marine life increase greatly. Andre’ s contagious (有感染力的) passion for marine conservation doesn’t end here. He is always searching for more. Andre Miller is a man on a mission.
44．What made Andre interested in marine life when he was young
A．The internship at a dive shop.
B．The tales of the sea from his father.
C．The participation in a class about marine life.
D．The information from the textbooks and the Internet.
45．What does the underlined word “havoc“ in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Damage. B．Harmony. C．Increase. D．Mess.
46．What’s the author’s attitude towards Andre’ s work
A．Tolerant. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Favorable.
47．Which of the following can best describe Andre
A．Patient and brave. B．Careful and selfless.
C．Determined and creative. D．Intelligent and outspoken.
阅读理解专练263
（2022·江苏南京·高三开学考试）“Can we eat this one, Dad ” my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.
Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.
It’s not all easy—but sometimes that’s the point. Alicia practices the violin every day, and although she enjoys it, even 15 minutes of practice can upset her. The trick, I’ve found, is to let her watch me try to get better at something, too. I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.
48．What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”
A．It is rewarding to learn new skills. B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C．He will explore more with his daughter. D．His daughter will accompany him forever.
49．Why does the father start learning to play the piano
A．To prove it is never too old to learn. B．To set a good example for his daughter.
C．To experience the joy of piano practice. D．To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
50．Which of the following can best describe the father
A．Rigid and humorous. B．Cautious and inspiring.
C．Creative and thoughtful. D．Ambitious and patient.
51．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Thrill of the Skill B．Practice Makes Perfect
C．Like Father, Like Daughter D．The Power of Knowledge
阅读理解专练264
（2022·河北邯郸·高三开学考试）Kyle Semrau came home on the morning of April 12 after an overnight shift feeling light-headed. He told his wife he would be laying low for the day, joined by his 6-year-old daughter, Macie.
On a normal day, Macie would have been at school, but that particular morning she had refused to even get dressed for school, so she stayed home. It turns out that her unexplained want to stay home was for the best.
Later in the day. Semrau collapsed from a medical event that caused him to slip in and out of consciousness. Macie learned her dad was in trouble when she heard him yelling. In a moment while Semrau was conscious, Macie asked her dad for his phone passcode so she could unlock the device. She logged in, opened the browser, and phoned the local police department.
Macie relayed the relevant information, including their address, to Judy Smith, the Eliot Police Department’s administrative assistant who answered the phone.
“That’s really lucky,” Semrau told Boston 25 News. “I still have it saved. If you open up my browser, that’s the way it is spelled, ‘Elliot poliz’. She pushed the call button, which actually goes right to the dispatcher (调度员) here in town.”
The police arrived two minutes after Macie called.
Semrau’s medical emergency was due to issues with his sinuses (鼻窦炎), which led to difficulty breathing, according to Seacoast Online. He is now home and doing well.
“If I can say anything about this whole experience, it’s for everyone to teach kids about awareness. If I hadn’t taught my daughter certain things she wouldn’t learn in school, this outcome could have been completely different,” Semrau told Boston. com. “She is, and will always be my hero.”
52．Why did Macie skip school that day
A．She foresaw an accident. B．She intended to have a rest.
C．She did that for no reason. D．She wanted to help her father.
53．Which words can describe Macie
A．Calm and capable. B．Talented and skillful.
C．Brave and respectful. D．Careful and considerate.
54．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The web browser. B．Semrau’s address in the city.
C．Semrau’s telephone. D．The phone number of the police.
55．What enabled Macie to save her father according to the last paragraph
A．Her strong love for her father.
B．What she had learned at school.
C．The awareness taught by her father.
D．Her previous similar experience.
阅读理解专练265
（2022·四川·巴中市第二中学高三开学考试）When I was in my early teens, I was a huge fan of a local band. I saw them play many times, bought plenty of their posters and records, and was excited when I met them after shows. But as they grew and received more attention from the industry, they started making changes to their music. The rough edges(小缺点)that made them stand out were smoothed over. There wasn’t much left that I connected with. I watched as a band I loved turned into something I could hardly recognize.
I didn’t know much about the music industry at the time, but it was clear to me that they were taking a huge risk. Many artists, understandably, think they will find more commercial success by eliminating any aspect of their music or image that someone might find objectionable(令人反感的). However, what is unobjectionable is also unremarkable.
My experience made me think about what makes someone fall in love with a song or a band. It’s different for everyone, I’m sure, but I think one of the key factors that make an artist connect with a fan is realness. When artists write what they think people want to hear instead of what they want to express, they are missing out on points of connection that can turn a casual(偶然的)listener into a super fan.
This experience also made me think about what role I wanted to play in the music industry. I knew by then that I didn’t have the talent to be an artist myself. But I loved learning about the music industry. I loved doing research on what makes an artist successful and why. When I listened to a new artist or saw a band play, I wanted to find out what made them special, protect it, and share it with the world. I eventually figured out that managers are the ones who are in the best position to achieve that.
56．How did the author feel when the band he loved changed its style
A．He was upset. B．He was carefree.
C．He was hopeful of their success. D．He was confused about the reason.
57．What does the underline word “eliminating” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Making up for. B．Getting rid of. C．Making use of. D．Getting used to.
58．What does the author think helps artists win super fans
A．Having great talent. B．Being true to themselves.
C．Writing songs people like. D．Communicating with listeners.
59．What might the author be now
A．A pop singer. B．A band director. C．An artist manager. D．An educational researcher.
阅读理解专练266
（2022·江西省乐平中学高三开学考试）Noisy brothers or sisters Loud construction right outside your window A flexible new loudspeaker could help you rest easy. It could someday turn your walls into noise-canceling systems. And when you’re ready to liven things up, use the same wallpaper—or the surfaces of other ordinary objects in your room—to play music.
The new loudspeaker is super thin—about as thick as a few sheets of paper. It’s lightweight and flexible enough to stick to most surfaces. And you can make it big, as in wall-sized, notes Jinchi Han. He’s an electrical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge.
Lots of dome-shaped (圆顶状) microstructures cover the surface of the speaker. The researchers start with a thin, flat sheet of some material. Then they use pressure to pull that material through openings to create the dome shapes. When squeezed, the material they use creates an electric charge. But applying an electric field across the material will also cause the domes to expand and contract, Han explains. That can generate sound.
Han points to another benefit of this tech. Large expanses of the new material could make controlling noise a lot easier. Noise-canceling systems already exist. But whether it works for a listener depends on where that listener’s ears are in relation to the approaching sound waves.
Trying to cancel noise this way everywhere inside a room would be tricky, Han points out. It would take lots of microphones and speakers, which can be expensive.
Here, each dome works as a tiny speaker. The domes can generate sound waves in groups or individually. Wallpapering your bedroom with this material would create speakers all around you. Those same speakers also could cancel unwanted sound. When desired, you could turn any space into “a quiet zone where you could sleep or study without too much noise,” Han says. He also sees applications in cars, airplanes, apartments or anywhere unwanted noise is a problem.
1．What is the new feature of the loudspeaker
A．It is very big in size.
B．It is made of a kind of paper.
C．It can produce high quality sound.
D．It can stick to most objects easily.
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．What the speaker looks like.
B．How the sound is produced.
C．How the domes are created.
D．What functions the domes have.
3．What decides the effect of the old noise-canceling systems
A．The number of domes in the loudspeakers.
B．The length of the approaching sound waves.
C．The distance between ears and sound waves.
D．The frequency of the newly produced waves.
4．Which word can be used to describe this technology
A．Popular. B．Promising. C．Complex. D．Expensive.
阅读理解专练267
（2022·江西省乐平中学高三开学考试）Want to help butterflies A new study suggests turning off the lights.
Light pollution at night can disturb its abilities to recognize directions, researchers have found. Artificial light can disrupt their circadian (昼夜) rhythms and affect their sense of directions. That can make the butterflies disoriented when they try to fly the next day.
“Darkness is important to butterflies since the internal circadian clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day-night lighting cycles,” study author Patrick Guerra, an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati, tells Treehugger.
Monarch butterflies migrate (迁徙) by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the continent to California and Mexico and back. Because most butterflies only live for a few weeks to a few months, it takes several generations of butterflies to complete the migration. But too much light at the wrong time can urge the butterflies to take off when they should be resting instead for their voyage.
“As monarch butterflies are a threatened species with their population numbers in decline, we wanted to see what types of environmental stress might be linked to their decline,” Guerra says.
For their study, researchers conducted lab studies where they reproduced the effects of artificial light pollution with butterflies using a flight simulator (模拟器).
They first tested if monarchs treated a single, artificial light source as if it were the actual sun during the day. Once they established what they did, they then tested how the monarchs would behave when exposed to this same artificial light source during their night.
Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.
“These findings demonstrate how urbanization can negatively affect important biological phenomena, and therefore allow us to understand how human activity impacts the rest of nature,” Guerra says.
5．What does the underlined word “disoriented” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Slow down. B．Die off. C．Feel sleepy. D．Get lost.
6．What did the researchers want to find out in the study
A．Why the monarch butterflies migrate.
B．What reduced the number of monarch butterflies.
C．Why darkness is important to monarch butterflies.
D．How monarch butterflies adapt to the environment.
7．What might be used in the experiment
A．A flashlight. B．The sun. C．The moon. D．A clock.
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．Natural Light Is Important to Insects
B．Monarch Butterflies Are in Great Danger
C．Butterflies React Actively to Air Pollution
D．Light Pollution Can Affect Butterfly Migration
阅读理解专练268
（2022·辽宁·沈阳市第一二〇中学高三阶段练习）When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh. a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation（调解）of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants' written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns—such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies.
The team examined participants' written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns-such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning （展望）future relationship affected both participants' focus on their feelings and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict-reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one's psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
9．What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements
A．They lose faith in their future. B．They look forward to a fierce conflict.
C．They focus on their present feelings. D．They care more about financial problems.
10．What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Explained. B．Caused. C．Reduced. D．Improved.
11．What do we know about the study
A．The reasoning strategies in participants' written responses were well worthy of note.
B．Study participants described their recent relationship with their romance partners or friends.
C．A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants' use of negative words.
D．All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future.
12．What can be the best title of the text
A．You Have a Year to Solve Your Interpersonal Problems!
B．Beneficial Reasoning Is a positive Strategy for Reconciliation!
C．Your Current Feelings Are the Real Cause of Your Heated Arguments!
D．Thinking About Future Is Essential for Relationship Maintenance!
阅读理解专练269
（2022·河南·高三开学考试）A new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive （抑制因素） for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.
The study by researchers at North Carolina State University examined the interactions of warmer temperatures, crop yield （产量） risk and crop insurance participation by farmers. For the study, researchers developed models using historical county-level corn and soybean yield data in the United States, with an eye toward understanding the production impacts of rising temperatures.
The researchers found that variation in crop yield due to higher temperatures rose when more farmers had crop insurance. Interestingly, the results showed greater variability effects for corn yields than for soybean yields.
“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money,” said Rod M. Rejesus, professor of agricultural and resource economics at NC State and the author of the research study. “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”
The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels （1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L） per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same temperature rise in a county with 10％ crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6.2 bushels per acre.
The researchers bring up possible solutions to this situation for policymakers. They include providing more subsidies to encourage farmers’ use of climate change relief efforts—like soil health practices—and starting high-level policy conversations about how to possibly adjust rules and guidelines that govern crop insurance contracts in order to reduce the disincentive effects.
13．What does the study find about crop insurance
A．It ensures crop production. B．It leads to unexpected side effects.
C．It results in worse climate change. D．It doesn’t bring any benefits to farmers.
14．What does the underlined word “subsidies” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Market support. B．Verbal support.
C．Technical assistance. D．Financial aid.
15．What might explain the unintended consequence of crop insurance
A．Moral crisis. B．Law issue.
C．Study models. D．Custom change.
16．How did the author show the effects of crop insurance on corn yield variability
A．By doing experiments. B．By making a comparison.
C．By listing figures. D．By consulting experts.
阅读理解专练270
（2022·黑龙江·哈尔滨三中高三阶段练习）Chinese scientists have developed a fish-shaped light-actuated(光驱动的)swimming robot that can “eat” microplastics in water bodies and repair itself if damaged.
Microplastics, pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters, are numerous and widely distributed in the ocean. They are easily eaten by marine organisms(海洋生物)and transmitted through the food chain, presenting a serious threat to human and ecosystem health.
Inspired by nacre, also known as mother of pearl, a strong, durable and flexible material obtained from hard shells. scientists from Sichuan University modeled nacre’s graphene-based gradient nanostructure(石墨烯基梯度纳米结构)to create a durable, flexible and self-repairing nanocomposite(纳米复合材料)，according to a study published in the journal Nano Letters.
The research team then used the new material to develop a 15-mm fish-like soft robot, enabling it to swim rapidly and absorb microplastics in water. “Soft robots need to have high adaptability and environmental tolerance when working in complex water environments,” said Wang Yuyan, the first author of the research paper, who added that existing traditional soft robots are generally made of rubber, which poorly performed in mechanical capacity, easily damaged and have difficulty integrating (整合)functions.
The study showed that compared with traditional uniformly dispersed(均匀分散的) material structures, the new material used in the fish-shaped soft robot has many supramolecular (超分子)interactions between layers, allowing the robot to recover its stability and functionality even when damaged and continue its microplastic harvesting operations.
The robotic fish can swim at a speed of 2. 67 times its body length per second, exceeding the speeds of previously reported soft swimmers and comparable to the speed of other small forms of plant and animal life that live in water.
At present, the soft robot can only achieve the function of directionally collecting microplastics from the water surface. All these functions need to be developed and improved before large-scale application.
The researchers are currently working on a new material that could detect microplastic underwater and share live data online, the paper said.
The new nanostructural design is expected to offer an effective extended path to other integrated robots and to be applied in many fields such as solar power generation, chemical reaction catalysis (催化),bio-medicine and aerospace.
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17．How is the fifth paragraph developed
A．By listing data. B．By giving examples.
C．By making comparison. D．By reasoning.
18．The fish-shaped light-actuated robot can swim at about ________ millimeters per second.
A．5. B．13. 5. C．15. D．40
19．Why hasn’t the robot fish been put into large-scale application
A．The materials are too rare to find. B．Its function needs to be perfected.
C．The nanostructure is not stable enough. D．The fish robot is rather easily damaged.
20．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The robot fish is used to detect microplastic underwater.
B．Microplastics indirectly have a bad effect on human beings.
C．The rubber-made robot fish is self-healing and has environmental tolerance.
D．The new nanostructural design has already been applied in solar power generation.
阅读理解专练271
（2022·广西·鹿寨县鹿寨中学高三开学考试）Pinocchio may be just a character in a children’s fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.
Dr Gomez Milan and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography(温度记录法) to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. Scientists also found that the temperature drop actually caused the nose to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
“One has to think in order to lie, which raises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr Gomez Milan explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature is scanned by thermal imaging(热成像) technology. One of these tasks involved making a 3-to 4-minute call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call. Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
“With this method we have achieved the increase of accuracy,” said Dr Gomez Milan, who added that law enforcement agencies could one day combine other lie detection technologies with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
21．Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph
A．To tell a fairy tale. B．To give an example.
C．To talk about a scientist. D．To introduce the topic.
22．What is the “Pinocchio effect”
A．Our noses will grow when we tell a lie. B．Our noses will shrink when we tell a lie.
C．The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie. D．The temperature of the nose rises for anxiety.
23．How did Dr Gomez Milan feel about the lie detector
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised. C．Confident. D．Puzzled.
24．What lesson can we learn from the text
A．A lie will travel very hard. B．There are many ways to bring a liar to light.
C．A lie never lives to be old. D．Once a liar, always a liar.
阅读理解专练272
（2022·河北·石家庄二中实验学校高三开学考试）Fashion designers are always looking for new materials to work with. Lately, it’s all about environment-friendly materials -- recycled tires, mushrooms, even pineapple fibers! What if you want such a pair of shoes Thaely is here to help.
This sneaker brand out of Dubai wants to fight the growing problem of plastic pollution. Led by 23-year-old Indian businessman Ashay Bhave, they may have found a winning approach: making shoes out of plastic grocery bags. “Thaely” means “plastic bag” in the Hindi language.
“I was looking to create footwear that is cost-effective and safe for the environment,” Bhave said in an interview with a newspaper. “I needed to come up with something that uses recycled plastic without creating any more plastic waste. ”Plastic bags were the perfect solution. He said five trillion plastic bags are used around the world each year. “I was motivated to find a solution to this problem,” Bhave said.
That solution was the fiber called ThaelyTex. Made entirely from plastic bags, the material looks and feels like leather. That sounds promising. Better yet, the production process requires no additional chemicals and produces no poisonous by-products. The result is a smart-looking pair of white low-top sneakers.
Bhave wouldn’t expose the full process for making ThaelyTex, but he said that each pair of shoes was made from up to 15 plastic bags and 22 plastic bottles. Where do they get the materials Bhave told Elle that was the hardest part. “The biggest challenge we faced was right at the first step of acquiring the plastic bags. ”
Finally, they got help from TrioTap Technologies, a waste management plant. Bhave said they offered to collect the bags and also process them into ThaelyTex.
So far, it seems like things are falling into place. There are already hundreds of pre-orders in place. It sounds like they have some plans for the future. “We have a few more colors coming up,” said Bhave. They also plan to put out a high-top model and bring in a line of clothing. Let’s hope their growth is also friendly to the environment.
25．Why did Bhave choose to make shoes out of plastic bags
A．To set a new footwear trend.
B．To test new materials for footwear.
C．To reduce the use of plastic bags in his home country.
D．To use recycled plastic in an environment-friendly way.
26．What was the most difficult task for Bhave
A．Having a few more colors for Thaely. B．Processing plastic bags into ThaelyTex.
C．Collecting enough production materials D．Dealing with many poisonous by-products
27．The underlined part“put out”in the last paragraph probably means__________.
A．produce B．conserve
C．provide D．broadcast
28．What can be the best title for this passage
A．Bhave: a promising young man
B．Thaely: killer of waste plastic bags
C．ThaelyTex: material out of plastic bags
D．TrioTap Technologies: a waste management plant
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（2022·北京·清华大学高三阶段练习）Imagine a friend has just asked how you’re feeling. “I’m fine,” you protest. You’re clearly anxious but respond in this way, unable to express how it is you really feel. Try as you might, you can’t quite understand your emotions, and truth to be told, you’re not sure whether you really want to.
Research shows that being aware of your emotions is hugely beneficial and people with high emotional awareness have better social and emotional functioning. “Emotional awareness is being able to identify and make sense of not only our own emotions but those of others, ”explains Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Wellbeing. “It’s absolutely essential in maintaining good mental health. When we are able to identify and reflect on our emotional responses, we can understand how this influences our behaviours and in turn, change the way we respond to challenging situations.”
Of course, finding out how we feel can often prove difficult. It’s the very reason we turn to general phrases like ‘I feel blue’ or I’m not myself today’. It’s not always easy to put a finger on exactly what’s wrong, without digging a little deeper. Vora says this is often because on some level we don’t want to know how we really feel. “We can often try to numb or suppress because they feel overwhelming or distressing and this can often lead to a lack of emotional awareness as we feel disconnected from ourselves,” she explains.
Without emotional awareness, we can also develop emotional blind spots: unhealthy thoughts, behaviours and coping mechanisms that are hidden from our view. Perhaps you lash out or withdraw when you feel overwhelmed or go into criticism and self-doubt when you receive negative feedback. Unless you take time for self-reflection, you’ll remain unaware of these habits and continue to repeat the same destructive patterns again and again. Vora says tuning into your emotions and honestly reflecting on how you feel is the key. “When we do this, we are more able to work with our emotions and put strategies in place to improve our mood,” she points out. “By identifying our emotional blind spots, we can feel more in control of our emotions, and also how we respond in challenging situations.”
29．Why can’t you express your true feeling according to paragraph 1
A．You want to keep it a secret. B．You are absent-minded at that time.
C．You are unable to grasp your feeling. D．You are unwilling to share it with your friend.
30．How does emotional awareness benefit us
A．It’s easy for us to respond politely. B．It can identify our emotional responses.
C．It can contribute to our mental health D．We can identify our emotions and those of others’.
31．What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A．People tend to lie to their friends.
B．People often doubt about themselves.
C．People should communicate with each other frequently.
D．People sometimes avoid their true feelings consciously.
32．What is Vora’s suggestion according to the passage
A．Thinking over what is your true feeling. B．Hiding you from the negative feedback.
C．Criticizing bravely when you are anxious. D．Remaining unaware of the destructive patterns.
阅读理解专练274
（2022·河北·高三阶段练习）From changes in daylight across seasons to the artificial lighting choices in workplaces, it’s clear that the quantity and quality of light that a person encounters can significantly impact mood. Now, scientists at Brown University think they know why.
In a new study published in a science magazine, the research team used functional MRI(磁共振) to reveal how light-intensity signals reach the brain, and how brain structures involved in mood process those signals. The study demonstrated that some regions of the cerebral cortex(大脑皮层) involved in cognitive(认知的) processing and mood show sensitivity for light intensity.
The discovery has implications for understanding mood problems like seasonal affective disorder and major depressive disorders, as well as how to treat them, said lead study author Jerome Sanes. “Identifying this pathway and understanding its function might directly promote development of approaches to treating depression,” Sanes added.
The findings build on previous research by study co-author David Berson, a neuroscience professor, who in 2002 discovered special light-sensing cells in the eye. To determine whether light intensity adjusts the human prefrontal cortex, the researchers used functional MRI to explore whole-brain activation patterns in 20 healthy adults.
In a relatively simple experiment, according to Sanes, participants viewed four different levels of light intensity through glasses. They viewed light intensities ranging from dark to bright, for 30 seconds each. To keep them alert, they concurrently performed a task requiring them to state the difference between two tones.
They found that light suppressed(压制) activity in the prefrontal cortex in proportion to the light intensity. In this study, the researchers also showed that the prefrontal regions of the human brain have light-sensitive signals, which, Sanes said, may explain the effects of light intensity on complex emotional and cognitive behaviors.
33．What might be a potential application of the research findings
A．A method of making artificial light.
B．A possible treatment for depression.
C．A way to do research on new areas about light.
D．A possible further research on light-sensing cells.
34．What does the underlined word “concurrently” in paragraph5 mean
A．Somehow. B．Passively. C．Suddenly. D．Meanwhile.
35．Why can light affect people’s mood
A．People are alert to different visual light.
B．Complex emotional behaviors depend on light.
C．Parts of the brain involved in mood are sensitive to light intensity.
D．Some regions of the cerebral cortex can adjust light-sensing cells.
36．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text
A．Health. B．Education. C．Lifestyle. D．Culture.
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（2022·山西运城·高三开学考试）In recent years, the met averse (元宇宙) has taken the whole world by storm. People from different walks of life have flooded into or are heading for the virtual world. But how can people join in
Through met averse platforms! A met averse platform is a virtual environment that enable developers to construct everything from virtual reality to multiple activities. One way is to create a brand-new platform. But that’s a labor-demanding and time-consuming job. Creating a met averse platform require significant investment and many technologies. Li Zuxi frog Beijing Qingbo intelligent Technology, said that “it’s often the project for groups or companies and hard for one person to finish the job due to its complexity and cost.”
Even so, don’t worry! There’s another way; join the existing platforms. For example, the platform Sand box focuses on an environment where users can create their own games and play games made by other users. The Chinese platform Infinity Tower developed by Beijing Qingbo Intelligent Technology serves companies. Now the platform provide virtual space for online meetings, but it aims at being a gathering place like Wan da Plaza (万达广场) in which companies can have their own space to promote their products and services through virtual trade fairs.
“Since every met averse platform is different from one another, you can try and experience more before finding and deciding what is the most suitable for you. The immersive environments would allow met averse platforms to be used in different scenarios in our daily lives. For example, having a meeting, shopping, studying and other things could be done virtually,” suggested Li. However. Li also believes that as long as the met averse craze continues la grow, met averse platforms will expand their potentials.
“A single met averse could be more than a decade away, but as it evolve. It has the potential to influence almost everything in human life,” US met averse researcher Simon Powell told PixelPlex website.
37．What does Li Zuxi think of creating a new met averse platform
A．It is often used for economic activities.
B．It is expensive and hard for individuals.
C．It is not cost-effective enough for a company.
D．It is something most people can de after training.
38．What can you do in Infinity Tower
A．Attend a meeting. B．Go to a live concert.
C．Create your own games. D．Buy a land to build a house.
39．What does the underlined word “scenarios” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Actions. B．Style.
C．Methods. D．Situations.
40．What is the future of met averse platforms according to the text
A．They will have a greater impact on our daily lives.
B．They will be the main virtual platforms in our lives.
C．The integration of the platforms will complicate the rules.
D．They will become a single met averse in three or five years.
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（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）Whether you consume it in ice cream, coffee, cupcakes, pudding, or protein shakes, the vanilla you eat in the future might taste just a little bit sweeter thanks to a surprising new ingredient: used plastic.
Admittedly, it doesn’t sound very appetizing. To scientists Joanna Sadler and Stephen Wallace at Scotland’s University of Edinburgh, however, what’s even less delicious is plastic waste, which currently enters the ocean at a rate of 8 million tons per year—enough plastic waste to outweigh all of the ocean’s fish by the year 2050. To help stop the plastic pollution on land and at sea, they’ve designed a novel way to turn it into vanillin, a chemical substance in vanilla extract that gives it its distinct vanilla smell and flavor.
Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.
According to their research paper, around 85% of the world’s vanillin is synthesized from chemicals that are obtained from fossil fuels. That’s because demand for vanillin—which is used widely not only in food, but also in beauty products, cleaning products, and herbicides—is far greater than supply. In Madagascar, which grows 80% of the world’s natural vanilla, pollinating, harvesting, and curing vanilla beans is a long and painstaking process that couldn’t possibly yield enough vanillin for modern appetites. And even if it could, the only way to naturally increase vanillin supply would be to plant more vanilla plantations, which would drive deforestation.
Being able to create vanillin with plastic instead of petroleum means increasing vanillin supply while decreasing plastic waste, reducing industrial reliance on fossil fuels, and preserving forests.
“Using microorganisms to turn waste plastics, which are harmful to the environment, into an important product is a beautiful demonstration of green chemistry,” said Ellis Crawford, publishing editor at the United Kingdom’s Royal Society of Chemistry.
41．How do scientists produce vanilla
A．Extracting it from plastic bottles.
B．Forming it without bacteria.
C．Changing the formula of protein shakes.
D．Taking it from ocean life.
42．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3
A．Naturally. B．Artificially.
C．Biologically. D．Industrially.
43．What can be learned from the passage
A．Madagascar is the biggest vanilla import country in the world.
B．Making natural vanilla is an easy process.
C．Enlarging vanilla plantations is environmentally-friendly.
D．Producing vanilla from plastic is a win-win solution.
44．Where will you possibly read this passage
A．In a science magazine. B．In a travel booklet.
C．In an economic textbook. D．In an advertisement.
阅读理解专练277
（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）It was just after 5 pm. I was holding a cup of tea at Sainsbury’s, the second largest chain of supermarkets in the U. K. We were around a dozen customers in the supermarket’s cafe, and most of us were on our own. Despite placing the special sign “Reserved for customers in the mood for a chat” in an obvious position, I got no takers.
Government announcers tell us that Britons of all ages are suffering loneliness. About 200, 000 senior citizens have not spoken to a friend or relative for over a month. Family doctors suspect that some of their patients are making appointments because they are lonely. The receptionists also agree that the front desk is a magnet for the isolated to come and experience a bit of human contact. And the young, even with their busy lives on social media, are also affected. New research from Sainsbury’s Living Well Index reveals that almost two thirds of the people aged between 18 and 24 have admitted to sometimes feeling lonely.
To ease the problem of loneliness, Sainsbury’s has launched “Talking Tables,” which are reserved spaces where people can have a chat. They appear in a variety of formats. A sign-posted table located in cafés in-store is one of them. The concept has been developed in close association with Chatty Café. Alexandra Hoskyn was inspired to start a network of Chatty Cafés in the U. K. in 2017 after finding herself socially isolated as a new mother at home with young children.
“We know from our Living Well Index that community connections are a key driver of helping people live well,” says Judith Batchelar, director of Sainsbury’s brand. “We hope that by bringing people together at our ‘Talking Tables,’ we can develop the potential of our store space to help people be better connected to the communities they live and work in.”
A European friend suggested that all this unsolicited(自发的) friendliness may not seem very British. However, a staff member at the Sainsbury’s sounded more positive: “It’s early days, and you cannot change people’s habits overnight.”
45．Who might come to “Talking Table”
A．Only the lonely old people.
B．People having communication problems.
C．Teenagers active in social media.
D．Anyone eager to chat.
46．What can we infer from the text
A．“Talking Table” is a pioneer in the UK.
B．“Talking Table” was inspired by some new mothers.
C．Friendliness can change British habits directly.
D．“Talking Table” can produce a sense of belonging.
47．What is the important element for people’s well-being according to Judith Batchelar
A．Personal ambition. B．Physical and mental health.
C．Communication in the community. D．Relations with family.
48．What is the passage mainly about
A．The largest supermarket chain in the UK Sainsbury’s.
B．The supermarket’s cafes helping ease loneliness.
C．The latest study on loneliness of senior citizens.
D．The approaches to getting rid of loneliness.
阅读理解专练278
（2022·福建泉州·一模）Scientists say the plant enset, an Ethiopian staple (主食), could be a new superfood and a lifesaver in the face of climate change. “This is a crop that can play a really important role in addressing food security and sustainable development,” said a university professor in Awasa, Ethiopia.
Enset, or “false banana”, is a close relative of the banana but is consumed only in one part of Ethiopia. The banana-like fruit of the plant is inedible (无法食用的), but the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread.
However, Ethiopia is isolated (隔离) by dry lowlands, which are unsuitable for enset to grow. And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge. Therefore, despite its wild relatives distributing across Africa, enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere.
Using agricultural surveys and modelling work, scientists found the crop could potentially feed more than 100 million people and boost food security in Ethiopia and other African countries.
Study researcher Dr James Borrell, of the Royal Botanic Gardens, said planting enset as an alternative crop for tough times could help support food security. “It’s got some really unusual characteristics that make it absolutely unique as a crop,” he said. Reaching ten meters tall, as few as 15 enset plants can feed a person for a year. Also, it has flexible harvest times, stores well, and is relatively drought and disease tolerant. All these features have earned it the name, “the tree against hunger”.
There is growing interest in seeking new plants to feed the world. Nearly half of all the calories we eat come from three species - rice, wheat, and corns. “We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple because all our eggs are in a very small basket at the moment,” said Dr Borrell.
49．What can we know about enset
A．It is widely consumed in Ethiopia. B．Its stems and roots can serve as a staple.
C．It is mainly grown in dry lowlands. D．It distributes throughout the world.
50．What affects the wide adoption of enset
A．Lack of related knowledge. B．Poor quality of farmland.
C．Low productivity. D．Strict storage condition.
51．Which aspect of enset is talked about in paragraph 5
A．Its advantages. B．Its edibility. C．Its variety. D．Its distribution.
52．What does Dr Borrell mean in the last paragraph
A．People are fed up with existing staples. B．A world of biodiversity is needed.
C．Crop varieties should be increased. D．Food security has been addressed.
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（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）Air travel can be a real headache. But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore, you’re in for a wonderful treat.
The main attraction is the Jewel, a donut-shaped glass building featuring the world’s tallest indoor waterfall, known as the HSBC Rain Vortex. The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof. When the water hits the floor, it travels through a large funnel (漏斗), creating an inverted (倒转的) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level.
The effect is maximized at night when the waterfall is the centerpiece of a 360-degree light and audio exhibit. The Rain Vortex was designed by Los Angeles -based design firm WET. Design director Peter Kopik explained, “It’s like the roof is pouring in and the building is getting completed in liquid form.”
If the Rain Vortex isn’t enough to attract you to have a stop at Changi Airport, perhaps the Shiseido Forest Valley will. It is spread out across five levels and reaches 100 foot high, with multiple trails for guests to explore. It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs. Special species from China, the United States, and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and sun exposure.
At the top of the forest is Canopy Park, where people can get different views of the Rain Vortex. There are additional gardens, activities, and restaurants to explore.
The Jewel is located near Terminal 1 in an area that used to be a parking lot. The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet. It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights. After all, wouldn’t you rather explore an indoor forest and waterfall for a few hours instead of sitting in a crowded airport lounge with just your smart phone for entertainment
53．What is the feature of the HSBC Rain Vortex
A．Its light and audio effects work all day long.
B．It uses rainwater collected from the roof.
C．It has a capacity of 130 shops.
D．It is the tallest waterfall in the world.
54．Why could the special plants from different regions survive in the Forest Valley
A．Because they are well attended to.
B．Because they prefer to live in tropical areas.
C．Because they could avoid the danger of extinction.
D．Because they could adapt to the environmental conditions there.
55．What was the purpose of constructing the Jewel
A．To enhance the volume of tourists.
B．To make it the most desirable place of interest.
C．To offer more convenient services to the aged.
D．To show the comprehensive national power of Singapore.
56．What’s the writer’s attitude to the Changi Airport in Singapore
A．Indifferent. B．Supportive.
C．Critical. D．Neutral.
阅读理解专练280
（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）One of the biggest concerns in science is that scientists themselves may influence the outcomes of experiments. Scientists have come up with all sorts of strategies to try to get rid of this problem.
But gathering the data and running an experiment is not the only part of the process that can go wrong. The methods chosen to analyse the data can also influence results. This point was dramatically demonstrated by two recent papers published in a journal called Surgery. Despite being based on the same data set, they drew opposite conclusions about whether using a particular piece of kit during appendix (阑尾) removal surgery reduced or increased the chances of infection.
A new paper, from a large team of researchers headed by Martin Schweinsberg, a psychologist at the European School of Management and Technology, in Berlin, helps cast some light on why. Dr Schweinsberg gathered 49 different researchers by advertising his project on social media. Each was handed a copy of a data set consisting of 3.9m words of text from nearly 8,000 comments made on Edge. org, an online forum (论坛) for chatty intellectuals.
In the end, 37 analyses were regarded sufficiently detailed to include. As it turned out, no two analysts employed exactly the same method, and none got the same result. The problem was not that any of the analyses were “wrong” in any objective sense. The differences arose because researchers chose different definitions of what they were studying, and applied different techniques.
Truth, in other words, can be a slippery customer, even for simple-sounding questions. What to do One conclusion is that experimental design is critically important. Dr Schweinsberg hopes that platforms such as Data Explained can help solve the problem as well as revealing it, by allowing scientists to specify exactly how they chose to perform their analysis, allowing those decisions to be reviewed by others. It is probably not practical, he admits, to check and re-check every result. But if many different analytical approaches point in the same direction, then scientists can be confident that their conclusion is the right one.
57．Why did the researchers get different results according to paragraph 2
A．Different methods were applied in the data analysis.
B．Some experimental techniques were unreliable.
C．Some analyses were conducted in a new way.
D．Different data were adopted randomly and indirectly.
58．Which is TRUE according to paragraphs 3 and 4
A．49 researchers were gathered to discuss an issue.
B．37 analyses were thought to employ the same method.
C．2 analyses were considered not good enough.
D．37 researchers got different results.
59．What does the underlined part “a slippery customer” refer to
A．A person who is extremely critical.
B．Someone who can’t be trusted.
C．A person who is willing to speak frankly.
D．Someone who can raise questions skillfully.
60．What can be inferred from the whole passage
A．Different results come from the same experimental design.
B．The more data are collected, the more truthful the results will be.
C．Data don’t lie, but they can lead scientists to opposite conclusions.
D．The outcomes of the experiments come from the cooperation of the scientists.
专题14.答案
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40．B 41．A 42．C 43．D
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44．B 45．A 46．D 47．C
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48．C 49．B 50．B 51．A
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52．C 53．A 54．D 55．C
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56．A 57．B 58．B 59．C
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1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B
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5．D 6．B 7．A 8．D
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9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D
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13．B 14．D 15．A 16．C
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17．C 18．D 19．B 20．B
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21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B
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25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B
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29．C 30．C 31．D 32．A
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33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
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37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A
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41．A 42．B 43．D 44．A
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45．D 46．D 47．C 48．B
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49．B 50．A 51．A 52．C
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53．B 54．D 55．A 56．B
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57．A 58．D 59．B 60．C
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专题14.（20套精选含答案）
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（2022·山西运城·高三开学考试）I can’t say if it was love at first sight, but the dog’s strange look captured our hearts. That’s why we welcomed this rescue dog into our home.
Dixie had recently been found on a country road. We agreed to adopt her, relying on my son’s experience with the dog at the shelter. We gave her a safe place to sleep and her own area for food and water. Thankfully, Dixie became more comfortable with her new surroundings and began to show her personality. She found joy in being able to run free and play with other dogs, the bigger the better.
We wondered what kind of breed or mix she was. Her ears, the size of her body and coloring suggested to me she was a mix. While researching, we found that she had some characteristics similar to a pit bull (比特犬). One opinion I had was that pit bulls are aggressive and a danger to society. It was not their fault, I reasoned, and they had been bred to fight. How could I keep these beliefs when this little animal had warmed my heart
At first, I was secretive (有所隐瞒的) when people asked Dixie’s breed. “I am not sure, she is a rescue,” I said, Because I was afraid of the response: “A pit bull Oh, dear!” But I adored this animal! Dixie did not show the awful characteristics so widely publicized. Dixie and I have befriended many dogs and their owners who love her spirit, playfulness and friendliness. More importantly, she exposed one of my problems: a fear of being judged by others. There is no doubt that Dixie taught me not to be so quick to judge.
Now, I am a proud owner of this pit bull-like dog.
40．What can we find out about Dixie frown the first two paragraphs
A．She was not open to humans. B．She adapted to her new host me well
C．She was brought up at a dog shelter. D．She was adopted because of her cleverness.
41．Why was the author unwilling to mention Dixie’s breed
A．She was afraid of being judged.
B．She was unsure about her origin.
C．She thought the dog was bred to fight.
D．She found Dixie either aggressive or dangerous.
42．Which of the following can best describe Dixie
A．Loyal and playful. B．god-looking and mild,
C．Warm and friendly. D．Naughty and competitive.
43．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A．To show we shouldn’t judge other people.
B．To introduce effective ways to train a dog.
C．To call on people not to abandon pet dogs.
D．To share the lessons she learned from her dog.
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（2022·河南·高三开学考试）“My ocean is my life.”These are the powerful words of Andre Miller, a marine (海洋的) scientist. He is also the owner of a dive shop that places heavy upon the exploration and conservation of his hometown’s waters.
As a young child, Andre would be fascinated by tales of the sea told by his dad who was a fisherman. When he was six years old, his mum gave him his first equipment of diving. Then, Andre spent his time diving. Andre interned (实习) at a dive shop. With this training, the young diver was able to see new depths. But unfortunately, he saw much damage.
After finishing his studies in marine biology, Andre got to work as a member of the Coastal Zone Management Unit. It was here that once again he was horrified by the rapid decline of the numbers of sea creatures and the negative effects of poor boating practices which caused havoc to the island ‘s coral(珊瑚). Therefore, the first mission of Andre’ s team was to repair destroyed reefs and save coral. And they have been very successful in their efforts.
One of Andre’s perfect moments was his role in the creation of the Carlisle Bay Marine Park. The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown. Andre describes it as “the best textbook example of how marine parks can benefit the islands”
In 2016, Andre further promised his support of the conservation of Carlisle Bay through his work with other projects. Through their work, Andre ‘s hometown has seen an increase in underwater clean-ups, which has made marine life increase greatly. Andre’ s contagious (有感染力的) passion for marine conservation doesn’t end here. He is always searching for more. Andre Miller is a man on a mission.
44．What made Andre interested in marine life when he was young
A．The internship at a dive shop.
B．The tales of the sea from his father.
C．The participation in a class about marine life.
D．The information from the textbooks and the Internet.
45．What does the underlined word “havoc“ in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Damage. B．Harmony. C．Increase. D．Mess.
46．What’s the author’s attitude towards Andre’ s work
A．Tolerant. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Favorable.
47．Which of the following can best describe Andre
A．Patient and brave. B．Careful and selfless.
C．Determined and creative. D．Intelligent and outspoken.
阅读理解专练263
（2022·江苏南京·高三开学考试）“Can we eat this one, Dad ” my four-year-old daughter, Alicia, asks. We’re on one of our Thursday adventures, searching the nearby woods for eatable mushrooms. She’s pointing at a bright-red cap covered with white dots. I pull out my handy mushroom-identification app, which notes that Amanita muscaria, while eatable if prepared properly, is also a known hallucinogen (致幻剂). I have a firm “tell them the truth and be as precise as possible” philosophy and explain what the app says, and that I don’t think our Thursday adventures are ready to get quite that adventurous yet.
Watching your kids learn new skills is extraordinarily rewarding, but I’ve experienced more personal growth than I have at any other point in my life.
Last year, after a winter of practicing skiing on the green tracks for beginners each week, Alicia was french-frying her way down blues and even attempted her first black. That month also witnessed me visiting the mountain more times than in the 15 years combined and I’ve got myself a partner for life.
It’s not all easy—but sometimes that’s the point. Alicia practices the violin every day, and although she enjoys it, even 15 minutes of practice can upset her. The trick, I’ve found, is to let her watch me try to get better at something, too. I start taking piano lessons at 41 years old with the idea that if she sees me struggling as I practice and then improve, she’ll understand that things don’t come easy, even for grown-ups. I know there’s going to be a time when I’ll end up on the sideline cheering her on as she finds her own passions. I’m okay with this, and I’m hoping that by then she’ll carry the joy of practice and knowledge through life.
48．What does the father imply by saying “I’ve got myself a partner for life.”
A．It is rewarding to learn new skills. B．Skiing has become his lifelong hobby.
C．He will explore more with his daughter. D．His daughter will accompany him forever.
49．Why does the father start learning to play the piano
A．To prove it is never too old to learn. B．To set a good example for his daughter.
C．To experience the joy of piano practice. D．To share with his daughter musical knowledge.
50．Which of the following can best describe the father
A．Rigid and humorous. B．Cautious and inspiring.
C．Creative and thoughtful. D．Ambitious and patient.
51．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Thrill of the Skill B．Practice Makes Perfect
C．Like Father, Like Daughter D．The Power of Knowledge
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（2022·河北邯郸·高三开学考试）Kyle Semrau came home on the morning of April 12 after an overnight shift feeling light-headed. He told his wife he would be laying low for the day, joined by his 6-year-old daughter, Macie.
On a normal day, Macie would have been at school, but that particular morning she had refused to even get dressed for school, so she stayed home. It turns out that her unexplained want to stay home was for the best.
Later in the day. Semrau collapsed from a medical event that caused him to slip in and out of consciousness. Macie learned her dad was in trouble when she heard him yelling. In a moment while Semrau was conscious, Macie asked her dad for his phone passcode so she could unlock the device. She logged in, opened the browser, and phoned the local police department.
Macie relayed the relevant information, including their address, to Judy Smith, the Eliot Police Department’s administrative assistant who answered the phone.
“That’s really lucky,” Semrau told Boston 25 News. “I still have it saved. If you open up my browser, that’s the way it is spelled, ‘Elliot poliz’. She pushed the call button, which actually goes right to the dispatcher (调度员) here in town.”
The police arrived two minutes after Macie called.
Semrau’s medical emergency was due to issues with his sinuses (鼻窦炎), which led to difficulty breathing, according to Seacoast Online. He is now home and doing well.
“If I can say anything about this whole experience, it’s for everyone to teach kids about awareness. If I hadn’t taught my daughter certain things she wouldn’t learn in school, this outcome could have been completely different,” Semrau told Boston. com. “She is, and will always be my hero.”
52．Why did Macie skip school that day
A．She foresaw an accident. B．She intended to have a rest.
C．She did that for no reason. D．She wanted to help her father.
53．Which words can describe Macie
A．Calm and capable. B．Talented and skillful.
C．Brave and respectful. D．Careful and considerate.
54．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The web browser. B．Semrau’s address in the city.
C．Semrau’s telephone. D．The phone number of the police.
55．What enabled Macie to save her father according to the last paragraph
A．Her strong love for her father.
B．What she had learned at school.
C．The awareness taught by her father.
D．Her previous similar experience.
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（2022·四川·巴中市第二中学高三开学考试）When I was in my early teens, I was a huge fan of a local band. I saw them play many times, bought plenty of their posters and records, and was excited when I met them after shows. But as they grew and received more attention from the industry, they started making changes to their music. The rough edges(小缺点)that made them stand out were smoothed over. There wasn’t much left that I connected with. I watched as a band I loved turned into something I could hardly recognize.
I didn’t know much about the music industry at the time, but it was clear to me that they were taking a huge risk. Many artists, understandably, think they will find more commercial success by eliminating any aspect of their music or image that someone might find objectionable(令人反感的). However, what is unobjectionable is also unremarkable.
My experience made me think about what makes someone fall in love with a song or a band. It’s different for everyone, I’m sure, but I think one of the key factors that make an artist connect with a fan is realness. When artists write what they think people want to hear instead of what they want to express, they are missing out on points of connection that can turn a casual(偶然的)listener into a super fan.
This experience also made me think about what role I wanted to play in the music industry. I knew by then that I didn’t have the talent to be an artist myself. But I loved learning about the music industry. I loved doing research on what makes an artist successful and why. When I listened to a new artist or saw a band play, I wanted to find out what made them special, protect it, and share it with the world. I eventually figured out that managers are the ones who are in the best position to achieve that.
56．How did the author feel when the band he loved changed its style
A．He was upset. B．He was carefree.
C．He was hopeful of their success. D．He was confused about the reason.
57．What does the underline word “eliminating” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Making up for. B．Getting rid of. C．Making use of. D．Getting used to.
58．What does the author think helps artists win super fans
A．Having great talent. B．Being true to themselves.
C．Writing songs people like. D．Communicating with listeners.
59．What might the author be now
A．A pop singer. B．A band director. C．An artist manager. D．An educational researcher.
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（2022·江西省乐平中学高三开学考试）Noisy brothers or sisters Loud construction right outside your window A flexible new loudspeaker could help you rest easy. It could someday turn your walls into noise-canceling systems. And when you’re ready to liven things up, use the same wallpaper—or the surfaces of other ordinary objects in your room—to play music.
The new loudspeaker is super thin—about as thick as a few sheets of paper. It’s lightweight and flexible enough to stick to most surfaces. And you can make it big, as in wall-sized, notes Jinchi Han. He’s an electrical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge.
Lots of dome-shaped (圆顶状) microstructures cover the surface of the speaker. The researchers start with a thin, flat sheet of some material. Then they use pressure to pull that material through openings to create the dome shapes. When squeezed, the material they use creates an electric charge. But applying an electric field across the material will also cause the domes to expand and contract, Han explains. That can generate sound.
Han points to another benefit of this tech. Large expanses of the new material could make controlling noise a lot easier. Noise-canceling systems already exist. But whether it works for a listener depends on where that listener’s ears are in relation to the approaching sound waves.
Trying to cancel noise this way everywhere inside a room would be tricky, Han points out. It would take lots of microphones and speakers, which can be expensive.
Here, each dome works as a tiny speaker. The domes can generate sound waves in groups or individually. Wallpapering your bedroom with this material would create speakers all around you. Those same speakers also could cancel unwanted sound. When desired, you could turn any space into “a quiet zone where you could sleep or study without too much noise,” Han says. He also sees applications in cars, airplanes, apartments or anywhere unwanted noise is a problem.
1．What is the new feature of the loudspeaker
A．It is very big in size.
B．It is made of a kind of paper.
C．It can produce high quality sound.
D．It can stick to most objects easily.
2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．What the speaker looks like.
B．How the sound is produced.
C．How the domes are created.
D．What functions the domes have.
3．What decides the effect of the old noise-canceling systems
A．The number of domes in the loudspeakers.
B．The length of the approaching sound waves.
C．The distance between ears and sound waves.
D．The frequency of the newly produced waves.
4．Which word can be used to describe this technology
A．Popular. B．Promising. C．Complex. D．Expensive.
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（2022·江西省乐平中学高三开学考试）Want to help butterflies A new study suggests turning off the lights.
Light pollution at night can disturb its abilities to recognize directions, researchers have found. Artificial light can disrupt their circadian (昼夜) rhythms and affect their sense of directions. That can make the butterflies disoriented when they try to fly the next day.
“Darkness is important to butterflies since the internal circadian clock of butterflies functions normally when they are exposed to natural day-night lighting cycles,” study author Patrick Guerra, an assistant professor at the University of Cincinnati, tells Treehugger.
Monarch butterflies migrate (迁徙) by the millions each year, making the trip from northern areas of the continent to California and Mexico and back. Because most butterflies only live for a few weeks to a few months, it takes several generations of butterflies to complete the migration. But too much light at the wrong time can urge the butterflies to take off when they should be resting instead for their voyage.
“As monarch butterflies are a threatened species with their population numbers in decline, we wanted to see what types of environmental stress might be linked to their decline,” Guerra says.
For their study, researchers conducted lab studies where they reproduced the effects of artificial light pollution with butterflies using a flight simulator (模拟器).
They first tested if monarchs treated a single, artificial light source as if it were the actual sun during the day. Once they established what they did, they then tested how the monarchs would behave when exposed to this same artificial light source during their night.
Butterflies stayed quiet and unmoving when they were first placed in the flight simulator in the dark. But as soon as scientists turned on the light, they started flying. The light made them believe that night was day and this can cause them to fly longer at night or start flying too early.
“These findings demonstrate how urbanization can negatively affect important biological phenomena, and therefore allow us to understand how human activity impacts the rest of nature,” Guerra says.
5．What does the underlined word “disoriented” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Slow down. B．Die off. C．Feel sleepy. D．Get lost.
6．What did the researchers want to find out in the study
A．Why the monarch butterflies migrate.
B．What reduced the number of monarch butterflies.
C．Why darkness is important to monarch butterflies.
D．How monarch butterflies adapt to the environment.
7．What might be used in the experiment
A．A flashlight. B．The sun. C．The moon. D．A clock.
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．Natural Light Is Important to Insects
B．Monarch Butterflies Are in Great Danger
C．Butterflies React Actively to Air Pollution
D．Light Pollution Can Affect Butterfly Migration
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（2022·辽宁·沈阳市第一二〇中学高三阶段练习）When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh. a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation（调解）of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants' written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns—such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies.
The team examined participants' written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns-such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning （展望）future relationship affected both participants' focus on their feelings and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict-reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one's psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
9．What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements
A．They lose faith in their future. B．They look forward to a fierce conflict.
C．They focus on their present feelings. D．They care more about financial problems.
10．What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Explained. B．Caused. C．Reduced. D．Improved.
11．What do we know about the study
A．The reasoning strategies in participants' written responses were well worthy of note.
B．Study participants described their recent relationship with their romance partners or friends.
C．A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants' use of negative words.
D．All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future.
12．What can be the best title of the text
A．You Have a Year to Solve Your Interpersonal Problems!
B．Beneficial Reasoning Is a positive Strategy for Reconciliation!
C．Your Current Feelings Are the Real Cause of Your Heated Arguments!
D．Thinking About Future Is Essential for Relationship Maintenance!
阅读理解专练269
（2022·河南·高三开学考试）A new study suggests that crop insurance serves as a disincentive （抑制因素） for farmers to adopt climate change relief measures on their croplands.
The study by researchers at North Carolina State University examined the interactions of warmer temperatures, crop yield （产量） risk and crop insurance participation by farmers. For the study, researchers developed models using historical county-level corn and soybean yield data in the United States, with an eye toward understanding the production impacts of rising temperatures.
The researchers found that variation in crop yield due to higher temperatures rose when more farmers had crop insurance. Interestingly, the results showed greater variability effects for corn yields than for soybean yields.
“This could be an unintended consequence of the government’s providing subsidies for crop insurance, which costs a large sum of money,” said Rod M. Rejesus, professor of agricultural and resource economics at NC State and the author of the research study. “The concept of moral crisis could be present here. If insurance will cover crop losses due to various effects like drought or severe weather, a farmer may not want to pay the extra expense for climate change adaptation efforts such as using cover crops to improve soil health, for example.”
The study models indicate that an increase of daily minimum and maximum temperatures of 1 degree Celsius would increase county-level corn yield variability by 8. 6 bushels （1 bushel equals to 35. 24 L） per acre if 80% of farmers in a county have crop insurance. The same temperature rise in a county with 10％ crop insurance participation would increase corn yield variability by just 6.2 bushels per acre.
The researchers bring up possible solutions to this situation for policymakers. They include providing more subsidies to encourage farmers’ use of climate change relief efforts—like soil health practices—and starting high-level policy conversations about how to possibly adjust rules and guidelines that govern crop insurance contracts in order to reduce the disincentive effects.
13．What does the study find about crop insurance
A．It ensures crop production. B．It leads to unexpected side effects.
C．It results in worse climate change. D．It doesn’t bring any benefits to farmers.
14．What does the underlined word “subsidies” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Market support. B．Verbal support.
C．Technical assistance. D．Financial aid.
15．What might explain the unintended consequence of crop insurance
A．Moral crisis. B．Law issue.
C．Study models. D．Custom change.
16．How did the author show the effects of crop insurance on corn yield variability
A．By doing experiments. B．By making a comparison.
C．By listing figures. D．By consulting experts.
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（2022·黑龙江·哈尔滨三中高三阶段练习）Chinese scientists have developed a fish-shaped light-actuated(光驱动的)swimming robot that can “eat” microplastics in water bodies and repair itself if damaged.
Microplastics, pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters, are numerous and widely distributed in the ocean. They are easily eaten by marine organisms(海洋生物)and transmitted through the food chain, presenting a serious threat to human and ecosystem health.
Inspired by nacre, also known as mother of pearl, a strong, durable and flexible material obtained from hard shells. scientists from Sichuan University modeled nacre’s graphene-based gradient nanostructure(石墨烯基梯度纳米结构)to create a durable, flexible and self-repairing nanocomposite(纳米复合材料)，according to a study published in the journal Nano Letters.
The research team then used the new material to develop a 15-mm fish-like soft robot, enabling it to swim rapidly and absorb microplastics in water. “Soft robots need to have high adaptability and environmental tolerance when working in complex water environments,” said Wang Yuyan, the first author of the research paper, who added that existing traditional soft robots are generally made of rubber, which poorly performed in mechanical capacity, easily damaged and have difficulty integrating (整合)functions.
The study showed that compared with traditional uniformly dispersed(均匀分散的) material structures, the new material used in the fish-shaped soft robot has many supramolecular (超分子)interactions between layers, allowing the robot to recover its stability and functionality even when damaged and continue its microplastic harvesting operations.
The robotic fish can swim at a speed of 2. 67 times its body length per second, exceeding the speeds of previously reported soft swimmers and comparable to the speed of other small forms of plant and animal life that live in water.
At present, the soft robot can only achieve the function of directionally collecting microplastics from the water surface. All these functions need to be developed and improved before large-scale application.
The researchers are currently working on a new material that could detect microplastic underwater and share live data online, the paper said.
The new nanostructural design is expected to offer an effective extended path to other integrated robots and to be applied in many fields such as solar power generation, chemical reaction catalysis (催化),bio-medicine and aerospace.
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17．How is the fifth paragraph developed
A．By listing data. B．By giving examples.
C．By making comparison. D．By reasoning.
18．The fish-shaped light-actuated robot can swim at about ________ millimeters per second.
A．5. B．13. 5. C．15. D．40
19．Why hasn’t the robot fish been put into large-scale application
A．The materials are too rare to find. B．Its function needs to be perfected.
C．The nanostructure is not stable enough. D．The fish robot is rather easily damaged.
20．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A．The robot fish is used to detect microplastic underwater.
B．Microplastics indirectly have a bad effect on human beings.
C．The rubber-made robot fish is self-healing and has environmental tolerance.
D．The new nanostructural design has already been applied in solar power generation.
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（2022·广西·鹿寨县鹿寨中学高三开学考试）Pinocchio may be just a character in a children’s fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.
Dr Gomez Milan and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography(温度记录法) to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2℃, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃. Scientists also found that the temperature drop actually caused the nose to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
“One has to think in order to lie, which raises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr Gomez Milan explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature is scanned by thermal imaging(热成像) technology. One of these tasks involved making a 3-to 4-minute call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to make up the lie themselves during the call. Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
“With this method we have achieved the increase of accuracy,” said Dr Gomez Milan, who added that law enforcement agencies could one day combine other lie detection technologies with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
21．Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph
A．To tell a fairy tale. B．To give an example.
C．To talk about a scientist. D．To introduce the topic.
22．What is the “Pinocchio effect”
A．Our noses will grow when we tell a lie. B．Our noses will shrink when we tell a lie.
C．The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie. D．The temperature of the nose rises for anxiety.
23．How did Dr Gomez Milan feel about the lie detector
A．Doubtful. B．Surprised. C．Confident. D．Puzzled.
24．What lesson can we learn from the text
A．A lie will travel very hard. B．There are many ways to bring a liar to light.
C．A lie never lives to be old. D．Once a liar, always a liar.
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（2022·河北·石家庄二中实验学校高三开学考试）Fashion designers are always looking for new materials to work with. Lately, it’s all about environment-friendly materials -- recycled tires, mushrooms, even pineapple fibers! What if you want such a pair of shoes Thaely is here to help.
This sneaker brand out of Dubai wants to fight the growing problem of plastic pollution. Led by 23-year-old Indian businessman Ashay Bhave, they may have found a winning approach: making shoes out of plastic grocery bags. “Thaely” means “plastic bag” in the Hindi language.
“I was looking to create footwear that is cost-effective and safe for the environment,” Bhave said in an interview with a newspaper. “I needed to come up with something that uses recycled plastic without creating any more plastic waste. ”Plastic bags were the perfect solution. He said five trillion plastic bags are used around the world each year. “I was motivated to find a solution to this problem,” Bhave said.
That solution was the fiber called ThaelyTex. Made entirely from plastic bags, the material looks and feels like leather. That sounds promising. Better yet, the production process requires no additional chemicals and produces no poisonous by-products. The result is a smart-looking pair of white low-top sneakers.
Bhave wouldn’t expose the full process for making ThaelyTex, but he said that each pair of shoes was made from up to 15 plastic bags and 22 plastic bottles. Where do they get the materials Bhave told Elle that was the hardest part. “The biggest challenge we faced was right at the first step of acquiring the plastic bags. ”
Finally, they got help from TrioTap Technologies, a waste management plant. Bhave said they offered to collect the bags and also process them into ThaelyTex.
So far, it seems like things are falling into place. There are already hundreds of pre-orders in place. It sounds like they have some plans for the future. “We have a few more colors coming up,” said Bhave. They also plan to put out a high-top model and bring in a line of clothing. Let’s hope their growth is also friendly to the environment.
25．Why did Bhave choose to make shoes out of plastic bags
A．To set a new footwear trend.
B．To test new materials for footwear.
C．To reduce the use of plastic bags in his home country.
D．To use recycled plastic in an environment-friendly way.
26．What was the most difficult task for Bhave
A．Having a few more colors for Thaely. B．Processing plastic bags into ThaelyTex.
C．Collecting enough production materials D．Dealing with many poisonous by-products
27．The underlined part“put out”in the last paragraph probably means__________.
A．produce B．conserve
C．provide D．broadcast
28．What can be the best title for this passage
A．Bhave: a promising young man
B．Thaely: killer of waste plastic bags
C．ThaelyTex: material out of plastic bags
D．TrioTap Technologies: a waste management plant
阅读理解专练273
（2022·北京·清华大学高三阶段练习）Imagine a friend has just asked how you’re feeling. “I’m fine,” you protest. You’re clearly anxious but respond in this way, unable to express how it is you really feel. Try as you might, you can’t quite understand your emotions, and truth to be told, you’re not sure whether you really want to.
Research shows that being aware of your emotions is hugely beneficial and people with high emotional awareness have better social and emotional functioning. “Emotional awareness is being able to identify and make sense of not only our own emotions but those of others, ”explains Rachel Vora, psychotherapist and founder of CYP Wellbeing. “It’s absolutely essential in maintaining good mental health. When we are able to identify and reflect on our emotional responses, we can understand how this influences our behaviours and in turn, change the way we respond to challenging situations.”
Of course, finding out how we feel can often prove difficult. It’s the very reason we turn to general phrases like ‘I feel blue’ or I’m not myself today’. It’s not always easy to put a finger on exactly what’s wrong, without digging a little deeper. Vora says this is often because on some level we don’t want to know how we really feel. “We can often try to numb or suppress because they feel overwhelming or distressing and this can often lead to a lack of emotional awareness as we feel disconnected from ourselves,” she explains.
Without emotional awareness, we can also develop emotional blind spots: unhealthy thoughts, behaviours and coping mechanisms that are hidden from our view. Perhaps you lash out or withdraw when you feel overwhelmed or go into criticism and self-doubt when you receive negative feedback. Unless you take time for self-reflection, you’ll remain unaware of these habits and continue to repeat the same destructive patterns again and again. Vora says tuning into your emotions and honestly reflecting on how you feel is the key. “When we do this, we are more able to work with our emotions and put strategies in place to improve our mood,” she points out. “By identifying our emotional blind spots, we can feel more in control of our emotions, and also how we respond in challenging situations.”
29．Why can’t you express your true feeling according to paragraph 1
A．You want to keep it a secret. B．You are absent-minded at that time.
C．You are unable to grasp your feeling. D．You are unwilling to share it with your friend.
30．How does emotional awareness benefit us
A．It’s easy for us to respond politely. B．It can identify our emotional responses.
C．It can contribute to our mental health D．We can identify our emotions and those of others’.
31．What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A．People tend to lie to their friends.
B．People often doubt about themselves.
C．People should communicate with each other frequently.
D．People sometimes avoid their true feelings consciously.
32．What is Vora’s suggestion according to the passage
A．Thinking over what is your true feeling. B．Hiding you from the negative feedback.
C．Criticizing bravely when you are anxious. D．Remaining unaware of the destructive patterns.
阅读理解专练274
（2022·河北·高三阶段练习）From changes in daylight across seasons to the artificial lighting choices in workplaces, it’s clear that the quantity and quality of light that a person encounters can significantly impact mood. Now, scientists at Brown University think they know why.
In a new study published in a science magazine, the research team used functional MRI(磁共振) to reveal how light-intensity signals reach the brain, and how brain structures involved in mood process those signals. The study demonstrated that some regions of the cerebral cortex(大脑皮层) involved in cognitive(认知的) processing and mood show sensitivity for light intensity.
The discovery has implications for understanding mood problems like seasonal affective disorder and major depressive disorders, as well as how to treat them, said lead study author Jerome Sanes. “Identifying this pathway and understanding its function might directly promote development of approaches to treating depression,” Sanes added.
The findings build on previous research by study co-author David Berson, a neuroscience professor, who in 2002 discovered special light-sensing cells in the eye. To determine whether light intensity adjusts the human prefrontal cortex, the researchers used functional MRI to explore whole-brain activation patterns in 20 healthy adults.
In a relatively simple experiment, according to Sanes, participants viewed four different levels of light intensity through glasses. They viewed light intensities ranging from dark to bright, for 30 seconds each. To keep them alert, they concurrently performed a task requiring them to state the difference between two tones.
They found that light suppressed(压制) activity in the prefrontal cortex in proportion to the light intensity. In this study, the researchers also showed that the prefrontal regions of the human brain have light-sensitive signals, which, Sanes said, may explain the effects of light intensity on complex emotional and cognitive behaviors.
33．What might be a potential application of the research findings
A．A method of making artificial light.
B．A possible treatment for depression.
C．A way to do research on new areas about light.
D．A possible further research on light-sensing cells.
34．What does the underlined word “concurrently” in paragraph5 mean
A．Somehow. B．Passively. C．Suddenly. D．Meanwhile.
35．Why can light affect people’s mood
A．People are alert to different visual light.
B．Complex emotional behaviors depend on light.
C．Parts of the brain involved in mood are sensitive to light intensity.
D．Some regions of the cerebral cortex can adjust light-sensing cells.
36．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text
A．Health. B．Education. C．Lifestyle. D．Culture.
阅读理解专练275
（2022·山西运城·高三开学考试）In recent years, the met averse (元宇宙) has taken the whole world by storm. People from different walks of life have flooded into or are heading for the virtual world. But how can people join in
Through met averse platforms! A met averse platform is a virtual environment that enable developers to construct everything from virtual reality to multiple activities. One way is to create a brand-new platform. But that’s a labor-demanding and time-consuming job. Creating a met averse platform require significant investment and many technologies. Li Zuxi frog Beijing Qingbo intelligent Technology, said that “it’s often the project for groups or companies and hard for one person to finish the job due to its complexity and cost.”
Even so, don’t worry! There’s another way; join the existing platforms. For example, the platform Sand box focuses on an environment where users can create their own games and play games made by other users. The Chinese platform Infinity Tower developed by Beijing Qingbo Intelligent Technology serves companies. Now the platform provide virtual space for online meetings, but it aims at being a gathering place like Wan da Plaza (万达广场) in which companies can have their own space to promote their products and services through virtual trade fairs.
“Since every met averse platform is different from one another, you can try and experience more before finding and deciding what is the most suitable for you. The immersive environments would allow met averse platforms to be used in different scenarios in our daily lives. For example, having a meeting, shopping, studying and other things could be done virtually,” suggested Li. However. Li also believes that as long as the met averse craze continues la grow, met averse platforms will expand their potentials.
“A single met averse could be more than a decade away, but as it evolve. It has the potential to influence almost everything in human life,” US met averse researcher Simon Powell told PixelPlex website.
37．What does Li Zuxi think of creating a new met averse platform
A．It is often used for economic activities.
B．It is expensive and hard for individuals.
C．It is not cost-effective enough for a company.
D．It is something most people can de after training.
38．What can you do in Infinity Tower
A．Attend a meeting. B．Go to a live concert.
C．Create your own games. D．Buy a land to build a house.
39．What does the underlined word “scenarios” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Actions. B．Style.
C．Methods. D．Situations.
40．What is the future of met averse platforms according to the text
A．They will have a greater impact on our daily lives.
B．They will be the main virtual platforms in our lives.
C．The integration of the platforms will complicate the rules.
D．They will become a single met averse in three or five years.
阅读理解专练276
（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）Whether you consume it in ice cream, coffee, cupcakes, pudding, or protein shakes, the vanilla you eat in the future might taste just a little bit sweeter thanks to a surprising new ingredient: used plastic.
Admittedly, it doesn’t sound very appetizing. To scientists Joanna Sadler and Stephen Wallace at Scotland’s University of Edinburgh, however, what’s even less delicious is plastic waste, which currently enters the ocean at a rate of 8 million tons per year—enough plastic waste to outweigh all of the ocean’s fish by the year 2050. To help stop the plastic pollution on land and at sea, they’ve designed a novel way to turn it into vanillin, a chemical substance in vanilla extract that gives it its distinct vanilla smell and flavor.
Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.
According to their research paper, around 85% of the world’s vanillin is synthesized from chemicals that are obtained from fossil fuels. That’s because demand for vanillin—which is used widely not only in food, but also in beauty products, cleaning products, and herbicides—is far greater than supply. In Madagascar, which grows 80% of the world’s natural vanilla, pollinating, harvesting, and curing vanilla beans is a long and painstaking process that couldn’t possibly yield enough vanillin for modern appetites. And even if it could, the only way to naturally increase vanillin supply would be to plant more vanilla plantations, which would drive deforestation.
Being able to create vanillin with plastic instead of petroleum means increasing vanillin supply while decreasing plastic waste, reducing industrial reliance on fossil fuels, and preserving forests.
“Using microorganisms to turn waste plastics, which are harmful to the environment, into an important product is a beautiful demonstration of green chemistry,” said Ellis Crawford, publishing editor at the United Kingdom’s Royal Society of Chemistry.
41．How do scientists produce vanilla
A．Extracting it from plastic bottles.
B．Forming it without bacteria.
C．Changing the formula of protein shakes.
D．Taking it from ocean life.
42．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3
A．Naturally. B．Artificially.
C．Biologically. D．Industrially.
43．What can be learned from the passage
A．Madagascar is the biggest vanilla import country in the world.
B．Making natural vanilla is an easy process.
C．Enlarging vanilla plantations is environmentally-friendly.
D．Producing vanilla from plastic is a win-win solution.
44．Where will you possibly read this passage
A．In a science magazine. B．In a travel booklet.
C．In an economic textbook. D．In an advertisement.
阅读理解专练277
（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）It was just after 5 pm. I was holding a cup of tea at Sainsbury’s, the second largest chain of supermarkets in the U. K. We were around a dozen customers in the supermarket’s cafe, and most of us were on our own. Despite placing the special sign “Reserved for customers in the mood for a chat” in an obvious position, I got no takers.
Government announcers tell us that Britons of all ages are suffering loneliness. About 200, 000 senior citizens have not spoken to a friend or relative for over a month. Family doctors suspect that some of their patients are making appointments because they are lonely. The receptionists also agree that the front desk is a magnet for the isolated to come and experience a bit of human contact. And the young, even with their busy lives on social media, are also affected. New research from Sainsbury’s Living Well Index reveals that almost two thirds of the people aged between 18 and 24 have admitted to sometimes feeling lonely.
To ease the problem of loneliness, Sainsbury’s has launched “Talking Tables,” which are reserved spaces where people can have a chat. They appear in a variety of formats. A sign-posted table located in cafés in-store is one of them. The concept has been developed in close association with Chatty Café. Alexandra Hoskyn was inspired to start a network of Chatty Cafés in the U. K. in 2017 after finding herself socially isolated as a new mother at home with young children.
“We know from our Living Well Index that community connections are a key driver of helping people live well,” says Judith Batchelar, director of Sainsbury’s brand. “We hope that by bringing people together at our ‘Talking Tables,’ we can develop the potential of our store space to help people be better connected to the communities they live and work in.”
A European friend suggested that all this unsolicited(自发的) friendliness may not seem very British. However, a staff member at the Sainsbury’s sounded more positive: “It’s early days, and you cannot change people’s habits overnight.”
45．Who might come to “Talking Table”
A．Only the lonely old people.
B．People having communication problems.
C．Teenagers active in social media.
D．Anyone eager to chat.
46．What can we infer from the text
A．“Talking Table” is a pioneer in the UK.
B．“Talking Table” was inspired by some new mothers.
C．Friendliness can change British habits directly.
D．“Talking Table” can produce a sense of belonging.
47．What is the important element for people’s well-being according to Judith Batchelar
A．Personal ambition. B．Physical and mental health.
C．Communication in the community. D．Relations with family.
48．What is the passage mainly about
A．The largest supermarket chain in the UK Sainsbury’s.
B．The supermarket’s cafes helping ease loneliness.
C．The latest study on loneliness of senior citizens.
D．The approaches to getting rid of loneliness.
阅读理解专练278
（2022·福建泉州·一模）Scientists say the plant enset, an Ethiopian staple (主食), could be a new superfood and a lifesaver in the face of climate change. “This is a crop that can play a really important role in addressing food security and sustainable development,” said a university professor in Awasa, Ethiopia.
Enset, or “false banana”, is a close relative of the banana but is consumed only in one part of Ethiopia. The banana-like fruit of the plant is inedible (无法食用的), but the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread.
However, Ethiopia is isolated (隔离) by dry lowlands, which are unsuitable for enset to grow. And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge. Therefore, despite its wild relatives distributing across Africa, enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere.
Using agricultural surveys and modelling work, scientists found the crop could potentially feed more than 100 million people and boost food security in Ethiopia and other African countries.
Study researcher Dr James Borrell, of the Royal Botanic Gardens, said planting enset as an alternative crop for tough times could help support food security. “It’s got some really unusual characteristics that make it absolutely unique as a crop,” he said. Reaching ten meters tall, as few as 15 enset plants can feed a person for a year. Also, it has flexible harvest times, stores well, and is relatively drought and disease tolerant. All these features have earned it the name, “the tree against hunger”.
There is growing interest in seeking new plants to feed the world. Nearly half of all the calories we eat come from three species - rice, wheat, and corns. “We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple because all our eggs are in a very small basket at the moment,” said Dr Borrell.
49．What can we know about enset
A．It is widely consumed in Ethiopia. B．Its stems and roots can serve as a staple.
C．It is mainly grown in dry lowlands. D．It distributes throughout the world.
50．What affects the wide adoption of enset
A．Lack of related knowledge. B．Poor quality of farmland.
C．Low productivity. D．Strict storage condition.
51．Which aspect of enset is talked about in paragraph 5
A．Its advantages. B．Its edibility. C．Its variety. D．Its distribution.
52．What does Dr Borrell mean in the last paragraph
A．People are fed up with existing staples. B．A world of biodiversity is needed.
C．Crop varieties should be increased. D．Food security has been addressed.
阅读理解专练279
（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）Air travel can be a real headache. But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore, you’re in for a wonderful treat.
The main attraction is the Jewel, a donut-shaped glass building featuring the world’s tallest indoor waterfall, known as the HSBC Rain Vortex. The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof. When the water hits the floor, it travels through a large funnel (漏斗), creating an inverted (倒转的) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level.
The effect is maximized at night when the waterfall is the centerpiece of a 360-degree light and audio exhibit. The Rain Vortex was designed by Los Angeles -based design firm WET. Design director Peter Kopik explained, “It’s like the roof is pouring in and the building is getting completed in liquid form.”
If the Rain Vortex isn’t enough to attract you to have a stop at Changi Airport, perhaps the Shiseido Forest Valley will. It is spread out across five levels and reaches 100 foot high, with multiple trails for guests to explore. It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs. Special species from China, the United States, and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature, humidity (湿度), and sun exposure.
At the top of the forest is Canopy Park, where people can get different views of the Rain Vortex. There are additional gardens, activities, and restaurants to explore.
The Jewel is located near Terminal 1 in an area that used to be a parking lot. The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet. It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights. After all, wouldn’t you rather explore an indoor forest and waterfall for a few hours instead of sitting in a crowded airport lounge with just your smart phone for entertainment
53．What is the feature of the HSBC Rain Vortex
A．Its light and audio effects work all day long.
B．It uses rainwater collected from the roof.
C．It has a capacity of 130 shops.
D．It is the tallest waterfall in the world.
54．Why could the special plants from different regions survive in the Forest Valley
A．Because they are well attended to.
B．Because they prefer to live in tropical areas.
C．Because they could avoid the danger of extinction.
D．Because they could adapt to the environmental conditions there.
55．What was the purpose of constructing the Jewel
A．To enhance the volume of tourists.
B．To make it the most desirable place of interest.
C．To offer more convenient services to the aged.
D．To show the comprehensive national power of Singapore.
56．What’s the writer’s attitude to the Changi Airport in Singapore
A．Indifferent. B．Supportive.
C．Critical. D．Neutral.
阅读理解专练280
（2022·云南师大附中高三阶段练习）One of the biggest concerns in science is that scientists themselves may influence the outcomes of experiments. Scientists have come up with all sorts of strategies to try to get rid of this problem.
But gathering the data and running an experiment is not the only part of the process that can go wrong. The methods chosen to analyse the data can also influence results. This point was dramatically demonstrated by two recent papers published in a journal called Surgery. Despite being based on the same data set, they drew opposite conclusions about whether using a particular piece of kit during appendix (阑尾) removal surgery reduced or increased the chances of infection.
A new paper, from a large team of researchers headed by Martin Schweinsberg, a psychologist at the European School of Management and Technology, in Berlin, helps cast some light on why. Dr Schweinsberg gathered 49 different researchers by advertising his project on social media. Each was handed a copy of a data set consisting of 3.9m words of text from nearly 8,000 comments made on Edge. org, an online forum (论坛) for chatty intellectuals.
In the end, 37 analyses were regarded sufficiently detailed to include. As it turned out, no two analysts employed exactly the same method, and none got the same result. The problem was not that any of the analyses were “wrong” in any objective sense. The differences arose because researchers chose different definitions of what they were studying, and applied different techniques.
Truth, in other words, can be a slippery customer, even for simple-sounding questions. What to do One conclusion is that experimental design is critically important. Dr Schweinsberg hopes that platforms such as Data Explained can help solve the problem as well as revealing it, by allowing scientists to specify exactly how they chose to perform their analysis, allowing those decisions to be reviewed by others. It is probably not practical, he admits, to check and re-check every result. But if many different analytical approaches point in the same direction, then scientists can be confident that their conclusion is the right one.
57．Why did the researchers get different results according to paragraph 2
A．Different methods were applied in the data analysis.
B．Some experimental techniques were unreliable.
C．Some analyses were conducted in a new way.
D．Different data were adopted randomly and indirectly.
58．Which is TRUE according to paragraphs 3 and 4
A．49 researchers were gathered to discuss an issue.
B．37 analyses were thought to employ the same method.
C．2 analyses were considered not good enough.
D．37 researchers got different results.
59．What does the underlined part “a slippery customer” refer to
A．A person who is extremely critical.
B．Someone who can’t be trusted.
C．A person who is willing to speak frankly.
D．Someone who can raise questions skillfully.
60．What can be inferred from the whole passage
A．Different results come from the same experimental design.
B．The more data are collected, the more truthful the results will be.
C．Data don’t lie, but they can lead scientists to opposite conclusions.
D．The outcomes of the experiments come from the cooperation of the scientists.
专题14.答案
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40．B 41．A 42．C 43．D
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44．B 45．A 46．D 47．C
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48．C 49．B 50．B 51．A
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52．C 53．A 54．D 55．C
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56．A 57．B 58．B 59．C
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1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B
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5．D 6．B 7．A 8．D
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9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D
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13．B 14．D 15．A 16．C
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17．C 18．D 19．B 20．B
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21．D 22．A 23．C 24．B
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25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B
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29．C 30．C 31．D 32．A
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33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
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37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A
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41．A 42．B 43．D 44．A
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45．D 46．D 47．C 48．B
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49．B 50．A 51．A 52．C
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53．B 54．D 55．A 56．B
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57．A 58．D 59．B 60．C
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