专题29 高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练（20套含答案）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练
专题29.（20套精选含答案）
阅读理解专练561
阅读【浙江省2022届高三上学期百校秋季开学联考】
When icy temperatures froze Kodak, Tennessee, shutting power down and freezing pipes. Sean Patel. owner of the local Quality Inn, wanted to do something to help his neighbors: open his hotel to all comers, and provide them food and warmth until the power came back on.
His friends asked him to dial it back a bit because he was spending so much of his own money and energy to help others but Patel wouldn't listen, " Business is down. but I still have clothes on my back, the kids are safe. we have a shower and food. says Patel. "We all have to look out for each other.” The immigrant from India saw goodness in the people around him when he settled in Tennessee, and wanted to be a part of it. "I saw how much people helped each other in the South and it got to me, " explains Patel. " It's not always about money. I always wanted to be that kind of person.
Between Christmas and New Years of 2021, all 60 rooms in the hotel were completely occupied, with some rooms housing as many as eight or nine adults. Some guests even stayed in the lobby or meeting rooms just to have a warm place to be. A couple rooms under maintenance were used so guests in the lobby could take a shower, which Patel’s team sanitized thoroughly after each user. People came together in ways that Patel has never seen before. The hotel staff turned on their breakfast station so people wouldn’t have to worry.
With over 200 people at the hotel. there wasn’t any fuss. No one argued. Everyone made sure the others were comfortable. warm, and fed as they took turns cooking for each other. “It wasn’t about who was Black, White, Democrat, Republican, COVID, or no COVID, everyone was a family, " says hotel manager Shelly Shirley. All the guests who were at the hotel during the freeze have even kept in touch via a Facebook group! They check in on each other and keep up with news from each others lives.
1．What inspired Patel to do the good deed
A．His neighboring people's good behavior.
B．The bad business situation at the moment.
C．His friends' not understanding of his behavior.
D．The icy whether they suffered in the cold winter.
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The importance of Patel's charity work.
B．The peoples appreciation to Patel’s effort.
C．What the hotel did to help the people in need.
D．The comfortable conditions the hotel provided to the people.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．There were too many people staying in the hotel
B．The program had a deep and lasting effect on people.
C．Patel’s hotel provided people with comfortable conditions.
D．People were grateful to Pate for his kindness during the hard time.
阅读理解专练562
The New York Times states that cheerleading is the fastest growing girls sport, yet more than half of Americans do not believe it is a sport, In addition, they fail to distinguish between sideline cheerleaders and competitive ones. Sideline cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. While competitive cheerleading is rather a different one.
A sport, according to the Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Advisors, is a "physical competition against an opponent, governed by rules and conditions under which a winner is declared, and primary purpose of the competition is a comparison of the relative skills of the participants." It is obvious that cheerleading follows these guidelines.
Just as basketball and foot ball have guidelines for competitive play, so does competitive cheerleading. The whole routine has to be completed in less than 3 minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain petitive cheerleaders goal is to be the best, Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, technique, creativity and sharpness. Cheerleading is a team sport so without cooperation and synchronization, first place is out of reach.
According to the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research, cheerleading is the number-one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for cheerleading are five times the number for any other sport, partially because they do not wear protective gear. While many athletes are equipped with hip pads, knee pads, shin guards or helmets, smiling cheerleaders are tossed into the air and spiral down into the arms of trusted teammates, The fliers must remain tight at all times so that their bases can catch them safely.
Also because cheerleading is not yet recognized as a sport by many schools. neither proper matting nor high enough ceilings are provided to ensure safety, Instead. the girls use whatever space is available. More recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries.
4．What problem is competitive cheerleading facing
A．It is governed by strict rules.
B．People don ' t accept it as a sport
C．It is compared with professional gymnastics.
D．People don 't know its difference with sideline cheerleaders.
5．Why are basketball and football mentioned in the text
A．To distinguish cheerleading with basket ball and football.
B．To show that cheerleading is as popular as basketball and foot ball.
C．To show cheerleading has the typical characters of common sports.
D．To state that cheerleading should follow the rules of traditional sports.
6．What does the author think of cheerleading
A．More people should take part in it.
B．Competitive cheerleading is dangerous.
C．Cheerleading is the fastest growing girls sport.
D．More attention should be attached to competitive cheerleading.
阅读理解专练563
New findings clearly show the Anglo Saxons were a melting pot of people from both migrant and local cultural groups and not one group from Western Europe.
Prolessor Keith Dobney at the University of Sydney said the team 's results state that "the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of early Medieval Britain were clearly similar to modern Britain—full of people of different ancestries sharing a common language and culture.”
Published in PLOS ONE, the cooperative study by Professor Dobney at University of Sydney and Dr Kimberly Plomp and Professor Mark Collard at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver. looked at the three-dimensional shape of the base of the skull (头盖骨).
“Previous studies have shown that the base of the human skull holds a shape signature that can be used to track relationships among human populations in a similar way to ancient DNA,” Dr Plomp said. "Based on this, we collected 3D data from suitably dated skeletal collections from Britain and Denmark, and then analysed the data to judge the ancestry of the Anglo-Saxon individuals in the sample.”
The researchers found that between two-thirds and three-quarters of early Anglo Saxon individuals were of continental European ancestry, while between a quarter and one-third were of local ancestry. When they looked at skeletons dated to the Middle Anglo- Saxon period (several hundred after the original migrants arrived), they found that 50 to 70 percent of the individuals were of local ancestry, while 30 to 50 percent were of continental European ancestry, which probably indicates a change in the rate of migration and local adoption of culture over time. "These findings tell us that being Anglo- Saxon was more likely a matter of language and culture, not genetics," Professor Collard said.
The ongoing and unresolved argument is whether a lot of European invaders largely replaced the existing Romano- British inhabitants, or did smaller numbers of migrants settle and interact with the locals, who then rapidly adopted the new language and culture of the anglo-Saxons " Our new data suggests that early Anglo Saxon society was a mix of both newcomers and locals and, instead of whole population replacement, a process of acculturation resulted in Anglo- Saxon language and culture being adopted largely by the local population.
7．What can we infer from the study
A．Many locals were killed by continental European migrates.
B．Anglo- Saxons created the most powerful language and culture.
C．The Anglo- Saxon individuals were actually from western European.
D．Anglo-Saxons were people of different ancestors with the same culture.
8．How did the researchers carry out their study
A．By studying the local culture and language.
B．By comparing the change rates of different people.
C．By comparing the different cultures and languages.
D．By studying the shapes of the skull of the related people.
9．What does the underlined word acculturation mean in the last paragraph
A．cultural adaptation. B．cultural development.
C．race fighting. D．culture invade.
10．What is the main idea of the text
A．A research of the Anglo-Saxon culture.
B．A study of the origin of Anglo- Saxons.
C．A history story of Anglo-Saxon individuals.
D．A study of the power of language and culture.
阅读理解专练564
阅读【重庆南开中学2021-2022学年高三（高2022级）上学期7月考试】
Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. The main attractions are all located on the grand loop road and here are some of the top reasons to visit the park. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest at one of the many roadside picnic areas. For the active visitor, the park has thousands of miles of trails from day hikes to backcountry explorations. This site has a lot of the information you need for your trip.
Yellowstone National Park 2021 Opening and Closing Dates
2021 Spring Opening Dates
Conditions permitting, roads will open to regular (public) vehicles at 8:00 am on the following dates.
●April 16 - West Entrance to Madison Junction, Mammoth Hot Springs to Old
Faithful, Norris to Canyon Village.
●May 7 - East Entrance to Lake Village, Canyon Village to Lake Village.
●May 14 - South Entrance to West Thumb, West Thumb to Old Faithful.
●May 28 - Northeast Entrance to Cooke City Beartooth Highway.
●Open Year Round - North Entrance to Gardiner / Mammoth.
2021 Fall Closing Dates
Roads will close to regular (public) vehicles at 8:00 am on the following dates.
●October 12 - Beartooth Highway (US 212 to Red Lodge, Montana).
●November 8 - All roads close at 8 am except the road between the North Entrance and the Northeast Entrance.
COVID-19 Response
Face masks are required on lands where physical distancing cannot be maintained and in all NPS (National Park Service) buildings and facilities. Park operations vary based on local public health conditions. Before visiting, please check the park website to determine its operating status.
How much is the entrance fee
$35 - Public, noncommercial vehicle;
$30 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter);
$20 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc.
* This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.
1．How many entrances to the Yellowstone National Park are mentioned
A．3. B．4. C．5 . D．6.
2．How much will a twenty-year-old cyclist pay if he visits the Yellowstone National park
A．$35. B．$30. C．$20. D．$60.
3．Where does the passage come from
A．A geographic magazine. B．A travel website.
C．A commercial journal. D．A holiday brochure.
阅读理解专练565
How do countries determine whose portraits to feature on their currency, and what does it tell us about their pasts Here’s a look at banknotes from around the world and the stories behind their creation.
United States
In 1866, controversy erupted when the U.S Treasury issued a five-cent note bearing the portrait of Spencer Clark, the first chief of what is now known as the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. Clark was not well liked by some members of Congress, who had accused him years earlier of fraud and “gross immortality.”
Following public outcry, Congress passed a law on April 7, 1866, which prohibited printing the “portrait or likeness of any living person” on the country’s currency. U.S. law still prohibits using the likeness of living people today, and even commemorative coins honoring a past president cannot be issued until two years after the president’s death.
In the modern era, the country celebrated past presidents and Founding Fathers on its currency－with portraits of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Alexander Hamilton, Ulysses S. Grant and Benjamin Franklin gracing its banknotes.
New Zealand
New Zealand’s banknote design has been an unintentional reflection of New Zealand’s evolving self-image ever since it began issuing currency in 1934, according to historian Matthew Wright. The British dominion’s first banknotes reflected a split identity, bearing both British and local designs. The earliest series bore a portrait of Maori King Tawhaio, whose image was replaced in 1940 with Captain James Cook, the British explorer who “discovered” New Zealand.
New Zealand became a self-governing nation in 1947－yet in 1976, more than 20 years later, it was still proud of its association with Britain. Queen Elizabeth II displaced Cook on all banknotes, alongside native plants and birds.
By the late 20th century, however, New Zealand had begun to think of itself as a diverse and independent nation. In 1991, five years after winning full legal independence from Britain, New Zealand removed the Queen from all but its $20 bill and replaced her with remarkable New Zealanders－including women’s voting rights leader Kate Shepperd, mountaineer Sir Edmund Hillary, Maori political and cultural leader Sir Apirana Ngata, and Nobel Prize-winning physicist Ernest Rutherford－who still grace the banknotes today.
4．Why did U.S. Congress ban the portrait of any living person on the currency
A．To solve a crime. B．To issue a five-cent note.
C．To honor a past president. D．To stop public controversy.
5．What do the faces on the currency of America and that of New Zealand have in common
A．They are determined by the public.
B．They include the portraits of outstanding figures.
C．They symbolize the independence of the countries.
D．They are closely associated with local environment.
6．What can we infer from the evolving of New Zealand’s currency
A．Historians affected it greatly.
B．The process of it was complicated.
C．New Zealand used to be a diverse nation.
D．The banknote design experienced lots of tests.
7．Whose face is on the currency of New Zealand
A．Ernest Rutherford. B．Maori King Tawhaio.
C．Queen Elizabeth II. D．Captain James Cook.
阅读理解专练566
Some 117 years after the Wright brothers made the first powered flight on Earth,NASA has repeated the accomplishment on another planet.
Carried to Mars in the belly of the Perseverance rover, the Ingenuity helicopter lifted off last week from the surface of the Red Planet to an altitude of about 10 feet, hovered for some 30 seconds, turned 96 degrees, and then gently landed. Six days later, on May 3, the drone flew the length of a football field, hitting a top speed of 4.5 mph. That 1 minute 20 second flight was an incredible technical achievement, reports The New York Times.
The red planet has significant gravity, about one-third that of the Earth’s. The Martian atmosphere is less than 1 percent as dense as Earth’s, so there is virtually no air for a helicopter’s rotor blades to push against and generate lift. During Martian daytime, the planet’s surface receives only about half the amount of solar energy that reaches the Earth during its daytime, and nighttime temperatures can drop as low as minus 90 degrees Celsius, which can freeze and crack unprotected electrical components. To enable Ingenuity to fly, NASA made the $85 million craft exceptionally light－it weighs 4 pounds－and fitted its body of tissue-box size with two 4-foot-wide carbon-fiber rotor blades. They spin five times faster than those of a conventional helicopter. To survive the freezing Martian nights, it must have enough energy to power internal heaters.
Ingenuity will make two more test flights before scientists focus on Perseverance’s primary mission: searching for signs of past microbial life in ancient Martian lake beds. NASA hopes to send more-sophisticated drones to Mars that will be able to carry scientific instruments and reach and study areas inaccessible to wheeled rovers. “What the Ingenuity team has done is to give us the third dimension,” says Michael Watkins, director of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “They freed us from the surface now and forever in planetary exploration.”
8．What can we learn about the Ingenuity helicopter from the passage
A．It hovered for 30 seconds in May.
B．It lifted off from the surface of the Earth.
C．It has been damaged by the low temperature on Mars.
D．It hit a top speed of 4.5 mph during the second flight.
9．Why is the flight of the Ingenuity helicopter an incredible technical achievement
A．Because flying on Mars is far more difficult than that on Earth.
B．Because it helped NASA send another 2 drones to explore Mars.
C．Because it is the first time that a drone has landed on Mars.
D．Because the drone will make two more test flights.
10．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Helicopters. B．Temperatures. C．Blades. D．Heaters.
11．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To promote a new leading-edge technology.
B．To inform us of a recent progress in technology.
C．To evaluate the performance of the drone on Mars.
D．To analyze the data collected during the exploration.
阅读理解专练567
Coffee is probably the world’s least expensive success power tool. Coffee builds better teams and increases your leadership ability. Coffee also increases your immunity. It increases focus and drive and may even increase your lifespan.
Unfortunately, we may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coffee too much longer. According to ecologists, there’s a good chance that in 20 or 30 years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct. And we’ll be drinking either a coffee substitute or some almost-coffee hybrid that vaguely resembles the drink we enjoy today.
The problem, of course, is the pace of climate change. Successful coffee cultivation has three preconditions: 1) a warm, highly stable tropical climate with altitudes that keep air temperature between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius, 2) rich soil full of natural nutrients, and 3) an ecological environment that’s pest and disease resistant.
Coffee is a crop that is only grown in a thin band called the “coffee belt” close to the equator. It simply won’t grow anywhere else. Unfortunately, the “coffee belt” is extremely vulnerable to climate change. If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the growth of the coffee plant.
Climate change also creates environmental stress, which spreads parasites, pests and plant diseases. All of these increase the fragility of the coffee crop and create the possibility of a species-destroying rot.
Almost all the coffee cultivated in the world today is one of two species, arabica or robusta, either of which might be wiped out in this way. There are other species of coffee, and scientists are hoping that, if worse comes to worst, a different species can be bred into coffee.
Unfortunately, almost all of these species exist only in Ethiopia, a country that climate change is already hammering. As the environmental nonprofit USAID points out:
“Ethiopia is one of the world’s most drought-prone countries. The country is confronted with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased incidences of drought and other extreme events.”
In other words, even as climate change threatens coffee as it exists today, climate change is also eating away at the root source to which we might turn to for replacement species.
What to do Well, take the time to savor each cup of coffee you drink. Beyond that, stop electing and enabling climate change deniers.
12．What is the author’s feeling about the future of coffee
A．Helpless. B．Bored. C．Happy. D．Worried.
13．Which condition probably prevents the growth of the coffee plant
A．A tropical climate. B．Rich soil.
C．Increasing temperature. D．Stable rainfall.
14．The underlined word in Paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．remove B．worsen C．decrease D．accept
15．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Change Climate for Coffee
B．Enjoy Coffee While You Can
C．Benefits from Coffee Drinking
D．Conditions for Coffee Planting
阅读理解专练568
阅读【江苏省如皋中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期初测试】
You know all about the dangers of exhaustion. You even know that working too many hours affects your productivity, and yet there’s always one more task that needs finishing one more email to write, or one more impatient customer or boss who doesn’t want to wait till Monday. Here are some tips that may help you deal with pressure at work when you feel exhausted.
Don’t save sleeping time.
Not only does a good night’s sleep improve your mood and cognitive(认知的) ability, but it helps you grow brain cells. Sleep deprivation(匮乏) is associated with a lot of mental and physical illness, and will actually make you age more quickly. Whatever else you have to forego to give way to work and meet the demands of your crazy job, make sure getting a good night’s sleep every night is one of your priorities.
Get plenty of exercise.
Exercise is a known mood elevator and stress killer, as well as something that your body needs to remain healthy. There’s evidence that a daily two-mile walk can help your cognitive function. So fit some exercise in your schedule every day or follow Steve Jobs’ example and conduct meetings while walking.
Take brief breaks during the day.
Even a few minutes between meetings and phone calls will make a big difference. And also, go outside during these breaks. Sunlight and fresh air can do a lot of good.
Put a vacation on your calendar.
Having a vacation on your calendar will give you something to look forward to. And as the date approaches, do not reschedule whatever happens. Taking a vacation will give your mind a rest. You might be surprised at how reinvigorated(振作的) and inspired you’ll be getting back to work.
Schedule evening and weekend activities.
This will give your week some variety ---- it won’t all be about your job. It will be better if your off-hours activities involve other people you care about, such as your spouse, partner, kids, or friends.
1．What might be the purpose of the passage
A．To show the danger of stress and overwork.
B．To tell us some skills of improving work efficiency.
C．To persuade people not to work overtime.
D．To tell us how to get through high-stress times at work.
2．What does the underlined word “forego” in Paragragh2 mean
A．Carry out. B．Focus on.
C．Give up. D．Get over.
3．What can you do to give your mind a rest
A．Conduct meeting while walking. B．Save sleeping time.
C．Take a vacation. D．Plan weekend activities.
阅读理解专练569
Tea, the most typical of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (一千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the drink first appeared in England. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, reaching the Continent by the way of Venice around 1560, with regular shipments by 1610.
Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at 6 to 10 per pound, touting ( 兜 售 ) its virtues at “making the body active and lusty (健壮的)”, and “preserving perfect health until extreme old age”.
Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain’s lower classes.
A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century the duty on tea had reached a ridiculous 119 percent. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry — tea smuggling ( 走 私 ). Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!
Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to adulterate (掺假) the tea with other substances, such as willow and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.
Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from 119% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Adulteration remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drug Act of 1875 brought in severe punishment for the practice.
4．According to the passage, tea drinking _______.
A．is the favorite pastime of the Dutch
B．is an important British tradition
C．was well-received by the Portuguese centuries ago
D．could be found everywhere in the world in 1560
5．Who might be annoyed by the popularity of the tea
A．Coffee house owners. B．Wine sellers.
C．Britain’s lower classes. D．Smugglers.
6．Which of the following statements about tea smuggling is TRUE
A．Churches provided convenience for smuggling.
B．Fishermen and farmers contributed a lot to tea industry.
C．Underground passages and boats were ideal hiding places for tea.
D．The government encouraged tea smuggling for taxes on tea.
7．How was the order of the tea market finally restored in Britain
A．By passing an act related to a tax rise.
B．By imposing mild punishment.
C．By punishing those who sold fake tea.
D．By mixing redried used leaves with fresh tea leaves.
阅读理解专练570
What is the best part of a typical relaxing summer day Nothing is better than sitting in an armchair with a beer and some chips in your hand, enjoying the great comfort.
The much-loved combination of beer and chips is being exploited for the first time to deal with climate change. Chips firm Walkers has adopted a technique it says will cut CO2 emissions (排放) from its production process by 70%.
The technology will use CO2 captured from beer processing in a brewery (啤酒厂), which is then mixed with potato waste and turned into fertilizer. It will then be spread on UK fields to feed the following year’s potato crop. Creating fertilizer normally produces high CO2 emissions, but the technology adopted by Walkers makes fertilizer without generating CO2. So, the beer-and-chips combination performs a double function. It stops the emission of brewery CO2 into the atmosphere — and it saves on the CO2 normally generated by fertilizer production.
This Creative win-win solution was developed with an approval from the UK government by a 14-employee start-up called CCm. The fertilizer was experimented on potato seed beds this year, and next year Walkers will install CCm equipment at its Leicester factory to prepare for its 2022 crop.
A decision has not yet been made on which brewery Walkers will work with on this. The new technology adds to carbon-saving techniques already under way. The firm has installed an anaerobic digester (厌氧消化池), which feeds potato waste to bacteria to produce a useful gas. The gas is burned to make electricity for the chip-frying process — so this saves on burning gas or coal.
The new system will go a step further by taking away potato “cake” left after digestion — and mixing the brewery CO2 into it to make an enriched fertilizer which will help put carbon back into the soil as well as encouraging plant growth.
It’s an example of scientists finding ways to use CO2 emissions which otherwise would increase the over-heating of the planet.
8．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To draw readers’ attention.
B．To entertain readers.
C．To show how useful beer and chips are to our life.
D．To introduce a way of life.
9．Which of the following is an advantage of the system
A．It will be totally cost-free.
B．It doesn’t consume any energy.
C．It will be a perfect solution to climate change.
D．It is environmentally-friendly.
10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How CO2 is turned into fertilizer.
B．How the technology stops CO2 emissions.
C．How an energy-saving green technology works.
D．The advantages of a new technology.
11．What can be inferred from the text
A．The technology will fix the problem of global warming.
B．Walkers has a wide range of partner choices.
C．This technology will be adopted by many chips firms soon.
D．Scientists are seeking solutions to climate change.
阅读理解专练571
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore—it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles (颗粒)—equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles—fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径) and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion (研磨) in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic (合成的) clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed (冲掉) away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) condenses (凝结) to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
12．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How microplastics should be handled. B．How microplastics are used widely.
C．How microplastics pollute water. D．How microplastics come into being.
13．What do we know about microplastics
A．They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B．They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C．They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
D．They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
14．What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph
A．No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
B．The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C．Countries should work together to fight plastic pollution.
D．It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
15．What’s the main purpose of the article
A．To compare acid rain and plastic rain.
B．To warn people of the dangers of microplastics.
C．To call on people to reduce using plastic products.
D．To introduce the sources and effects of microplastics.
阅读理解专练572
阅读【广东省深圳市六校2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次联考】
Nobody says school is easy. Studying is difficult, as is memorizing information for a test. Fortunately, there are books that can help you to make dealing with school easier.
Unlimited Memory by Kevin Horsley
This book is a bestseller in memory improvement. It has strategies to help learn faster and become more productive. Of course, having a good memory comes in handy outside of the classroom as well. Really, this is a great book for life in general.
On Course by Skip Downing
It is another book worth reading. In its eighth edition, the book provides self-assessment tools to help identify what is needed to change for academic success. It contains guided journal entries to help readers with responsibility, self-management, self-awareness, learning and self-esteem.
Student’s Guide to Writing College Papers by Kate L. Turabian
Many students reach college and find that essay writing in college is very different from that in high school. Whether this is the case or not, Student’s Guide to Writing College Papers is a perfect choice for those who want to improve writing skills. It’s available on Kindle or in hardback or paperback forms. Right now, this one is its fourth edition. The book covers writing actual paper, citing sources, and style.
How to Become a Straight-A Student by Cal Newport
The book came out in 2006. It enjoys great popularity among learners all over the world. The book deals with different approaches and strategies to help achieve good academic performance but spend less time on studying, with a focus on studying smarter, not harder. It’s available on Kindle and in audio book and paperback forms.
1．What do you know about Unlimited Memory
A．It is practical in daily life.
B．It is popular and sells best.
C．It helps to produce more works.
D．It is written by Kate L.Turabian.
2．What do the last two books have in common
A．They have various forms.
B．They are world-famous books.
C．They were published 15 years ago.
D．They mainly focus on improving writing skills.
3．Who are the intended readers
A．Parents. B．Children.
C．Teachers. D．Students.
阅读理解专练573
In 1939, seven-year-old Miriam Schreiber should have started first grade. Instead, she spent that year — and the following five — trying to survive. She was living in Poland when World War II broke out. “My entire life was ruined within minutes,” she says. “I was looking forward to starting school.” She never made it. And not having a degree has always been a thorn in her side.
Decades later, though, the now-89-year-old Holocaust survivor finally got something she had always longed for. Kapiloff Brander, director of community programs at Jewish Family Services, reached out to the New England Jewish Academy, a Jewish high school, to ask whether the school could help Mariam fulfill her wish. Richard Nabel, the principal of the school, brought a few senior students to Miriam’s home to hear her story before they came up with the idea of presenting her an honorary diploma at the school’s 2020 graduation ceremony.
Miriam suffered a lot in a slave labor camp in Siberia before she got liberated in 1946. She and her remaining family members went to a refugee camp in Germany, where she got married and had her first child at the age of 16. Having spent years in refugee camps in different countries, she finally immigrated to America in 1960. Getting a formal education was never an option for her but she learned seven languages over the years. “I educated myself,” she says. “I read books day and night. I still do.”
On August 16, during a socially distanced ceremony in the school gym, Miriam was presented with a high school diploma from the New England Jewish Academy. “There weren’t too many dry eyes among the 30 of us there,” says Nabel. Miriam’s family was especially moved. “I’m not sure she even realizes the importance of that moment to me,” says Bernie, her eldest son. “I am so proud of her.”
4．What can be learned about Mariam from paragraph 1
A．She regretted not being educated at school.
B．She started first grade at the age of seven.
C．She felt lucky to have survived World War II.
D．She spent five years in Poland during the war.
5．How did Mariam get her long-cherished wish fulfilled
A．She made it through her own efforts.
B．She turned to Kapiloff Brander for help.
C．The senior students themselves presented a diploma to her.
D．Richard Nabel learned about her story and decided to help.
6．Which of the following best describes Mariam
A．Educated. B．Intelligent.
C．Determined. D．Patient.
7．What did Nabel mean by saying “There weren’t too many dry eyes”
A．Mariam’s story was ordinary but inspiring.
B．Most of those present were deeply touched.
C．He was impressed by Mariam and was proud of her.
D．He felt honored to present Mariam with a diploma.
阅读理解专练574
It’s possible that your phone’s face-unlock might finally be able to work while you’re wearing a mask. Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms (算法) are getting better at recognizing faces in masks, according to data published on Tuesday by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). Using independent testing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms, the new report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought.
When NIST first examined masks’ effect on facial recognition in July 2020, it found that algorithms weren’t great at identifying faces with masks. “Face recognition can make errors, which can implicate people for crimes they haven’t committed,” writes the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). “It is particularly bad at recognizing African Americans and other ethnic minorities, women, and young people.” But the pandemic has given developers plenty of time to focus on the mask problem, and NIST’s data shows that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at working with masked faces. “After the pandemic, some developers have submitted algorithms which show significantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accurate in our test,” the report reads. NIST’s public ranking for facial recognition tests bears out this report. Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.
Nevertheless, there remain a number of limitations to the study. NIST researchers did not employ actual images of masked faces. Instead, they applied masks digitally to ensure consistency across the sample. As a result, “We were not able to get a thorough simulation (模仿) of the endless variations in color, design, shape, texture, and ways masks can be worn,” the report states. The digital mask was a blue surgical mask covering the full width of the face, but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.
8．Recognizing masked faces with facial recognition systems used to be thought as _______.
A．effective B．impossible
C．easy D．challenging
9．What does the underlined phrase “bear out” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Make. B．Prove.
C．Deny. D．Oppose.
10．What can be learned about the study
A．The way to wear masks may affect recognition accuracy.
B．The design of a mask makes no difference to facial recognition.
C．Facial recognition failure rates were quite low at the beginning.
D．The researchers adopted real surgical masks to ensure the accuracy.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Limitations of Facial Recognition Software
B．The Challenge of Recognizing Masked Faces
C．The improvement in Facial Recognition Algorithms
D．Different Applications of Facial Recognition Technology
阅读理解专练575
Many livestock farmers (牧场主) in the western world are becoming worried by a longer-term threat to their income from the growing popularity of vegetarian (素食的) diets. Here comes the question whether to eat meat or not. Before airing our view, we should consider seriously the three reasons that vegetarians give for refusing animal products.
The easiest point to argue against is that eating meat is unhealthy. Nothing is healthier than a varied diet, including fiber, vegetable, fruit and meat. Although studies show that eating red and processed meat may raise the risk of some cancers, it is important not to overstate the effect. This week, for example, Cancer Research UK reported that eating an extra piece of bacon every day raised the risk of bowel cancer by 20 per cent. But that means just eight extra (largely curable) cases in every 10,000 people over six years.
Our treatment of farm animals is an issue that vegetarians find more troubling. A common view is that raising animals in a small area cause unacceptable suffering. In this regard, agricultural authorities should take up the responsibility to enforce welfare standards that give each animal enough space to stand and move around comfortably. Also, consumers have an important role to play in improving conditions for farm animals. For example, the dislike of “battery hens”led to an EU ban in 2012 on keeping chickens in barren cages.
The environmental impact of livestock farming is its greatest problem in a century. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that farmed animals account for 14.5% of greenhouse gas emission. Although changes in grazing（放牧）practices could substantially reduce the environmental impact of livestock farming, it will always use more resources than producing the same number of calories from plant crops. Meat production should focus on the world’s traditional grasslands, without taking up new land.
12．Which of the following is NOT the reason against animal products given by vegetarians
A．It harms human health.
B．It causes animal suffering.
C．It damages the environment.
D．It threatens the income of farmers.
13．Why does the author mention the report from Cancer Research UK in paragraph 2
A．To prove that eating too much meat is unhealthy.
B．To persuade people out of eating too much meat.
C．To show that eating meat is not as unhealthy as vegetarians think.
D．To present the fact that eating too much bacon may cause cancer.
14．What’s the author’s attitude towards raising animals in a small area
A．Favorable. B．Negative.
C．Indifferent. D．Unclear.
15．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．The changes in feeding practices.
B．The challenges that livestock farming faces.
C．The negative effects of livestock farming on the environment.
D．The measures to reduce the environmental impact of livestock farming.
阅读理解专练576
阅读【辽宁省六校2021-2022学年高三上学期期初联考】
When it comes to the beaches in Sydney, it's hard to know where to begin. Around 100 beaches spread around the harbor and along the coast. Here are four of them.
Bronte Beach
Bronte's sea pool offers a protected ocean swim and is regarded as one of the best in Sydney—and much like beach culture itself, it's free. The nearby parkland has spacious barbecue areas for family gatherings. On public holidays, the park becomes a sea of busy people as parties take place.
Balmoral
Balmoral, on the north shore's Middle Harbor near Taronga Zoo, has an air of peace. Life moves at a more leisurely pace here. If it's loudness and pride you're after, this isn't it. What Balmoral does have overall is impressive views. And its calmness makes it a great swimming spot for families.
Garie Beach
Located in the Royal National Park, 54 kilometers south of Sydney, Garie Beach is accessible through Garie Road and isn't one for beach-lovers without a car. The large beach is very impressive, though. It's well preserved and is the perfect spot for a relaxing day away from the city. The facilities are top-grade and there is a great fishing spot off the east-facing rocks.
North Narrabeen Beach
Having some of the best and most consistent surf, the beach attracts board lovers from all over Sydney. Surfers have no discomfort making the 25-kilometer trip north to get to the three-kilometer-long beach. The northern end of the vast beach is protected from the northeasterly winds and is a surfer's destination, while the rest of it is ideal for swimming.
21．What do Bronte Beach and Balmoral have in common
A．They are both family-friendly
B．They both charge no admission fee.
C．They both allow of a feeling of peace.
D．They are both most visited during holidays
22．What can we learn about Garie Beach
A．It has big barbecue spots.
B．It is appealing to fishing lovers
C．It covers an area of 54 square kilometers
D．It has no convenient transportation.
23．which beach is suitable for people who like riding on waves
A．Balmoral B．Garie Beach. C．Bronte Beach. D．North Narrabeen Beach
阅读理解专练577
I’d like to talk about my first teaching experience. It was in the fall of 2010—I had to teach integral calculus (积分学). I had taught before but it was always 2-3 students at a time. I had no experience of classroom teaching. So I had butterflies in my stomach.
Anyway, the appointed hour came and I had no choice but to go on. I introduced myself, asked each one of them to do a brief introduction and got down to business. Fortunately, it was a worksheet session, so I didn’t have to do much. The students were well prepared—most of them had done AP calculus. The first day was a success.
As the quarter went by, I found the work more and more easygoing. So I was lax and stopped preparing the homework problems beforehand. How wrong I was!
One day we were doing surfaces of revolution. I used to do them in a more different way than it was taught in the text. I tried to do the first problem but it wasn’t just a piece of cake—I had to step back and think for five minutes before the solution came to me. To the credit of my students, no one showed any sign of impatience in the meantime. I was feeling doubly uncomfortable because it was a day of observation by the school leaders.
The next class I tried to give some additional resources on advanced materials, especially to students who would stay after the class or come to my office hours.
My evaluations were mixed. Two major complaints were about my accent and my handwriting on the board.
I learned a lot about teaching after this course. In my view, teaching is like a performing art. No amount of reading or attending workshops will prepare you for the challenge. You only get better with practice.
24．What made the author feel uneasy at first
A．Teaching a difficult subject. B．Lack of teaching experience.
C．Missing the appointed hour. D．Failure of choosing a topic.
25．What does the underlined word “lax” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Careless. B．Tense. C．Annoyed. D．Amused.
26．Why did the author feel slightly embarrassed
A．Because he delayed doing surfaces of revolution.
B．Because the students showed no sign of interaction.
C．Because he was stuck in his class watched by leaders.
D．Because the leaders blamed him for his performance.
27．What does the passage imply
A．Do as the Romans do. B．Well begun is half done.
C．It never rains, but it pours. D．Practice holds the key to progress.
阅读理解专练578
Public toilets are known for a number of things, and they’re almost all bad. They’re typically dirty, smelly and depending on where they’re located, crowded. There’s nothing worse than needing to use the restroom only to spot a public toilet and then walk up to see that it’s occupied. Tokyo is working to solve problems like this by renovating (翻修) dozens of public toilet locations around the Shibuya district, and they’ve hired professional architects to put their own spin on things. The “Tokyo Toilet Project” is an effort by the Nippon Foundation to revitalize the commonly used public toilets in Shibuya, and while each location will get its own unique trick, the transparent toilets are definitely getting the most attention from passersby.
“There are two concerns with public toilets, especially those located in parks,” the Nippon Foundation says. “The first is whether it is clean inside, and the second is that no one is secretly waiting inside. Using a new technology, we made the outer walls with glass, so that a person can check inside before entering. At night, they light up the parks like a beautiful lantern.” The toilets are lined with transparent glass, offering would-be bathroom users a hint as to whether they’re occupied or not.
The real trick, however, comes when you close and lock the doors. Nobody wants to have people watching them while they’re doing their business, and these transparent toilets have a very interesting trick up their sleeves. When you lock the doors, the specialized glass panels (嵌板) turn opaque, preventing anyone from peeping inside. When the door is unlocked, the glass becomes transparent once again.
Whether the good people of Tokyo will decide that these new and improved restrooms are worthy of use remains to be seen, but I can’t imagine why anyone wouldn’t want to spend some time in them.
28．Why are the public toilets in Tokyo being renovated
A．To inspire architects’ creativity.
B．To better meet users’ demand.
C．To attract passersby’s attention.
D．To improve the urban environment.
29．The transparent toilet is designed to________.
A．show if it is available
B．provide enough light inside
C．ensure it is easier to clean
D．create a novel appearance
30．What is the function of the transparent toilet’s trick
A．It cuts the cost of power.
B．It protects the users’ privacy.
C．It stores personal belongings.
D．It locks the door automatically.
31．What is the author’s attitude towards the transparent toilet
A．Indifferent.
B．Unfavorable.
C．Optimistic.
D．Neutral.
阅读理解专练579
Sugar cane（甘蔗）contains around 10% sugar. But that means it contains around 90% non-sugar—the material known as bagasse （甘蔗渣）which remains once the sugar-bearing juice is squeezed out. World production of cane sugar was 185 million tonnes in 2017 , which results in a lot of bagasse.
At the moment, most of it is burned. But Zhu Hongli, a mechanical engineer at Northeastern University, in Boston, thinks it can be put into better use. As she, and her colleagues describe, in Matter this week, with a bit of improving bagasse makes an excellent and biodegradable （可生 物降解的）replacement for the plastic used for disposable food containers such as coffee cups.
Dr. Zhu is not the first person to have this idea. But previous attempts tended not to survive contact with liquids. She knew from previous research that the main reason why past efforts fell to pieces when wet is that bagasse is composed of short fibres which are unable to hold the finished product. She therefore sought' to insert a suitably long-fibred substance.
Bamboo seemed to be the best choice. It grows quickly /degrades readily and has appropriately long fibres. And it worked. When the researchers blended bamboo remaining into bagasse, they found that the result had a strong crossing of short and long fibres.
To put their new material through its paces, Dr. Zhu and her colleagues first poured hot oil onto it and found that, rather than passing through the material, as it would have with previous, bagasse products, the oil was resisted by their invention.
They also found that when they made a cup out of the stuff and filled it with water heated almost to boiling point, the cup remained unbroken for more than two hours. Though this is not as long as a plastic cup would Hast, it-is long enough for all practical purposes.
32．What do we know about bagasse
A．It is widely used. B．It is usually wasted.
C．It can not be degraded. D．It takes up 10% of sugar cane.
33．Why do the previous attempts fail
A．The cups are not disposable. B．The fibres of bagasse are short.
C．The plastic can not be replaced. D．The material is not biodegradable.
34．What is special about Zhu's invention
A．It can let oil pass through. B．It can be boiled in the water.
C．It can hold liquid and resist heat. D．It can reduce the use of bamboo.
35．What would be the best title for the text
A．New Bamboo Containers B．A New Application of Fibres
C．Young and Promising Materials D．A Perfect Mix of Cane and Bamboo
阅读理解专练580
阅读【山东省青岛市2021-2022学年高三上学期期初考】
Some influential figures have left their marks in the world of science and technology. Sundar Pichai is the current CEO of Google. At present, Google is the most popular search engine and is a word that has entered the dictionary in its verb form, ‘Googling '. He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth and the family suffered from poverty. But his story never fails to remind all that with determination and hard work, one can beat the odds.
Although Steve Jobs passed on years ago, he was, and still is, the perfect role model for many entrepreneurs. He was fired from the company of Apple, and then he went on to start up two other successful companies. Later, he returned to Apple where he created the iPhone, a product that many consider to be the most significant invention of this century. Elon Musk is the founder of SpaceX and Tesla. He used to be a major shareholder and CEO in PayPal, but was forced to leave from his role as CEO due to disagreements with the company leaders. Currently, he has set his sights on ways to reduce global warming, including keeping a lookout for new sources of renewable energy, and has an exciting ambition to establish a human colony in Mars.
Mark Zuckerberg is the founder of Facebook. Many are aware of his enormous success in building the $350-billion company but not many know that he had to journey through a rocky path to get to where he is today. He dropped out of college and had to tide over uncertain times before reaching success.
1．What did Steve Jobs do after being fired from Apple
A．He gave lectures to young businessmen.
B．He became a successful entrepreneur of two other start-ups.
C．He started a company where he created iPhone.
D．He made the most significant invention in the world.
2．Who is on the frontier of space exploration technology
A．Sundar Pichai. B．Steve Jobs. C．Elon Musk. D．Mark Zuckerberg.
3．What similarity do the four figures share
A．They were born into poor families.
B．They went through hardship before success.
C．They contributed a lot to renewable energy.
D．They quit college to chase their dreams.
专题29.答案
阅读理解专练561
【答案】1．A2．C3．B
阅读理解专练562
【答案】4．B5．C6．D
阅读理解专练563
【答案】7．D8．D9．A10．B
阅读理解专练564
【答案】1．C2．C3．B
阅读理解专练565
【答案】4．D5．B6．B7．A
阅读理解专练566
【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．B
阅读理解专练567
【答案】12．D13．C14．B15．B
阅读理解专练568
【答案】1．D2．C3．C
阅读理解专练569
【答案】4．B5．B6．A7．C
阅读理解专练570
【答案】8．A9．D10．C11．D
阅读理解专练571
【答案】12．D13．D14．A15．D
阅读理解专练572
【答案】1．A2．A3．D
阅读理解专练573
【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．B
阅读理解专练574
【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．C
阅读理解专练575
【答案】12．D13．C14．B15．C
阅读理解专练576
【答案】21．A22．B23．D
阅读理解专练577
【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．D
阅读理解专练578
【答案】28．B29．A30．B31．C
阅读理解专练579
【答案】32．B33．B34．C35．D
阅读理解专练580
【答案】1．B2．C3．B
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阅读理解专练561
阅读【浙江省2022届高三上学期百校秋季开学联考】
When icy temperatures froze Kodak, Tennessee, shutting power down and freezing pipes. Sean Patel. owner of the local Quality Inn, wanted to do something to help his neighbors: open his hotel to all comers, and provide them food and warmth until the power came back on.
His friends asked him to dial it back a bit because he was spending so much of his own money and energy to help others but Patel wouldn't listen, " Business is down. but I still have clothes on my back, the kids are safe. we have a shower and food. says Patel. "We all have to look out for each other.” The immigrant from India saw goodness in the people around him when he settled in Tennessee, and wanted to be a part of it. "I saw how much people helped each other in the South and it got to me, " explains Patel. " It's not always about money. I always wanted to be that kind of person.
Between Christmas and New Years of 2021, all 60 rooms in the hotel were completely occupied, with some rooms housing as many as eight or nine adults. Some guests even stayed in the lobby or meeting rooms just to have a warm place to be. A couple rooms under maintenance were used so guests in the lobby could take a shower, which Patel’s team sanitized thoroughly after each user. People came together in ways that Patel has never seen before. The hotel staff turned on their breakfast station so people wouldn’t have to worry.
With over 200 people at the hotel. there wasn’t any fuss. No one argued. Everyone made sure the others were comfortable. warm, and fed as they took turns cooking for each other. “It wasn’t about who was Black, White, Democrat, Republican, COVID, or no COVID, everyone was a family, " says hotel manager Shelly Shirley. All the guests who were at the hotel during the freeze have even kept in touch via a Facebook group! They check in on each other and keep up with news from each others lives.
1．What inspired Patel to do the good deed
A．His neighboring people's good behavior.
B．The bad business situation at the moment.
C．His friends' not understanding of his behavior.
D．The icy whether they suffered in the cold winter.
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The importance of Patel's charity work.
B．The peoples appreciation to Patel’s effort.
C．What the hotel did to help the people in need.
D．The comfortable conditions the hotel provided to the people.
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．There were too many people staying in the hotel
B．The program had a deep and lasting effect on people.
C．Patel’s hotel provided people with comfortable conditions.
D．People were grateful to Pate for his kindness during the hard time.
阅读理解专练562
The New York Times states that cheerleading is the fastest growing girls sport, yet more than half of Americans do not believe it is a sport, In addition, they fail to distinguish between sideline cheerleaders and competitive ones. Sideline cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. While competitive cheerleading is rather a different one.
A sport, according to the Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Advisors, is a "physical competition against an opponent, governed by rules and conditions under which a winner is declared, and primary purpose of the competition is a comparison of the relative skills of the participants." It is obvious that cheerleading follows these guidelines.
Just as basketball and foot ball have guidelines for competitive play, so does competitive cheerleading. The whole routine has to be completed in less than 3 minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain petitive cheerleaders goal is to be the best, Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, technique, creativity and sharpness. Cheerleading is a team sport so without cooperation and synchronization, first place is out of reach.
According to the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research, cheerleading is the number-one cause of serious sports injuries to women. Emergency room visits for cheerleading are five times the number for any other sport, partially because they do not wear protective gear. While many athletes are equipped with hip pads, knee pads, shin guards or helmets, smiling cheerleaders are tossed into the air and spiral down into the arms of trusted teammates, The fliers must remain tight at all times so that their bases can catch them safely.
Also because cheerleading is not yet recognized as a sport by many schools. neither proper matting nor high enough ceilings are provided to ensure safety, Instead. the girls use whatever space is available. More recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries.
4．What problem is competitive cheerleading facing
A．It is governed by strict rules.
B．People don ' t accept it as a sport
C．It is compared with professional gymnastics.
D．People don 't know its difference with sideline cheerleaders.
5．Why are basketball and football mentioned in the text
A．To distinguish cheerleading with basket ball and football.
B．To show that cheerleading is as popular as basketball and foot ball.
C．To show cheerleading has the typical characters of common sports.
D．To state that cheerleading should follow the rules of traditional sports.
6．What does the author think of cheerleading
A．More people should take part in it.
B．Competitive cheerleading is dangerous.
C．Cheerleading is the fastest growing girls sport.
D．More attention should be attached to competitive cheerleading.
阅读理解专练563
New findings clearly show the Anglo Saxons were a melting pot of people from both migrant and local cultural groups and not one group from Western Europe.
Prolessor Keith Dobney at the University of Sydney said the team 's results state that "the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of early Medieval Britain were clearly similar to modern Britain—full of people of different ancestries sharing a common language and culture.”
Published in PLOS ONE, the cooperative study by Professor Dobney at University of Sydney and Dr Kimberly Plomp and Professor Mark Collard at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver. looked at the three-dimensional shape of the base of the skull (头盖骨).
“Previous studies have shown that the base of the human skull holds a shape signature that can be used to track relationships among human populations in a similar way to ancient DNA,” Dr Plomp said. "Based on this, we collected 3D data from suitably dated skeletal collections from Britain and Denmark, and then analysed the data to judge the ancestry of the Anglo-Saxon individuals in the sample.”
The researchers found that between two-thirds and three-quarters of early Anglo Saxon individuals were of continental European ancestry, while between a quarter and one-third were of local ancestry. When they looked at skeletons dated to the Middle Anglo- Saxon period (several hundred after the original migrants arrived), they found that 50 to 70 percent of the individuals were of local ancestry, while 30 to 50 percent were of continental European ancestry, which probably indicates a change in the rate of migration and local adoption of culture over time. "These findings tell us that being Anglo- Saxon was more likely a matter of language and culture, not genetics," Professor Collard said.
The ongoing and unresolved argument is whether a lot of European invaders largely replaced the existing Romano- British inhabitants, or did smaller numbers of migrants settle and interact with the locals, who then rapidly adopted the new language and culture of the anglo-Saxons " Our new data suggests that early Anglo Saxon society was a mix of both newcomers and locals and, instead of whole population replacement, a process of acculturation resulted in Anglo- Saxon language and culture being adopted largely by the local population.
7．What can we infer from the study
A．Many locals were killed by continental European migrates.
B．Anglo- Saxons created the most powerful language and culture.
C．The Anglo- Saxon individuals were actually from western European.
D．Anglo-Saxons were people of different ancestors with the same culture.
8．How did the researchers carry out their study
A．By studying the local culture and language.
B．By comparing the change rates of different people.
C．By comparing the different cultures and languages.
D．By studying the shapes of the skull of the related people.
9．What does the underlined word acculturation mean in the last paragraph
A．cultural adaptation. B．cultural development.
C．race fighting. D．culture invade.
10．What is the main idea of the text
A．A research of the Anglo-Saxon culture.
B．A study of the origin of Anglo- Saxons.
C．A history story of Anglo-Saxon individuals.
D．A study of the power of language and culture.
阅读理解专练564
阅读【重庆南开中学2021-2022学年高三（高2022级）上学期7月考试】
Yellowstone National Park is the flagship of the National Park Service and a favorite to millions of visitors each year. The park is a major destination for all members of the family. The main attractions are all located on the grand loop road and here are some of the top reasons to visit the park. By driving the grand loop road, visitors can view the park from the comfort of their vehicle and also take a rest at one of the many roadside picnic areas. For the active visitor, the park has thousands of miles of trails from day hikes to backcountry explorations. This site has a lot of the information you need for your trip.
Yellowstone National Park 2021 Opening and Closing Dates
2021 Spring Opening Dates
Conditions permitting, roads will open to regular (public) vehicles at 8:00 am on the following dates.
●April 16 - West Entrance to Madison Junction, Mammoth Hot Springs to Old
Faithful, Norris to Canyon Village.
●May 7 - East Entrance to Lake Village, Canyon Village to Lake Village.
●May 14 - South Entrance to West Thumb, West Thumb to Old Faithful.
●May 28 - Northeast Entrance to Cooke City Beartooth Highway.
●Open Year Round - North Entrance to Gardiner / Mammoth.
2021 Fall Closing Dates
Roads will close to regular (public) vehicles at 8:00 am on the following dates.
●October 12 - Beartooth Highway (US 212 to Red Lodge, Montana).
●November 8 - All roads close at 8 am except the road between the North Entrance and the Northeast Entrance.
COVID-19 Response
Face masks are required on lands where physical distancing cannot be maintained and in all NPS (National Park Service) buildings and facilities. Park operations vary based on local public health conditions. Before visiting, please check the park website to determine its operating status.
How much is the entrance fee
$35 - Public, noncommercial vehicle;
$30 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter);
$20 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc.
* This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.
1．How many entrances to the Yellowstone National Park are mentioned
A．3. B．4. C．5 . D．6.
2．How much will a twenty-year-old cyclist pay if he visits the Yellowstone National park
A．$35. B．$30. C．$20. D．$60.
3．Where does the passage come from
A．A geographic magazine. B．A travel website.
C．A commercial journal. D．A holiday brochure.
阅读理解专练565
How do countries determine whose portraits to feature on their currency, and what does it tell us about their pasts Here’s a look at banknotes from around the world and the stories behind their creation.
United States
In 1866, controversy erupted when the U.S Treasury issued a five-cent note bearing the portrait of Spencer Clark, the first chief of what is now known as the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. Clark was not well liked by some members of Congress, who had accused him years earlier of fraud and “gross immortality.”
Following public outcry, Congress passed a law on April 7, 1866, which prohibited printing the “portrait or likeness of any living person” on the country’s currency. U.S. law still prohibits using the likeness of living people today, and even commemorative coins honoring a past president cannot be issued until two years after the president’s death.
In the modern era, the country celebrated past presidents and Founding Fathers on its currency－with portraits of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Alexander Hamilton, Ulysses S. Grant and Benjamin Franklin gracing its banknotes.
New Zealand
New Zealand’s banknote design has been an unintentional reflection of New Zealand’s evolving self-image ever since it began issuing currency in 1934, according to historian Matthew Wright. The British dominion’s first banknotes reflected a split identity, bearing both British and local designs. The earliest series bore a portrait of Maori King Tawhaio, whose image was replaced in 1940 with Captain James Cook, the British explorer who “discovered” New Zealand.
New Zealand became a self-governing nation in 1947－yet in 1976, more than 20 years later, it was still proud of its association with Britain. Queen Elizabeth II displaced Cook on all banknotes, alongside native plants and birds.
By the late 20th century, however, New Zealand had begun to think of itself as a diverse and independent nation. In 1991, five years after winning full legal independence from Britain, New Zealand removed the Queen from all but its $20 bill and replaced her with remarkable New Zealanders－including women’s voting rights leader Kate Shepperd, mountaineer Sir Edmund Hillary, Maori political and cultural leader Sir Apirana Ngata, and Nobel Prize-winning physicist Ernest Rutherford－who still grace the banknotes today.
4．Why did U.S. Congress ban the portrait of any living person on the currency
A．To solve a crime. B．To issue a five-cent note.
C．To honor a past president. D．To stop public controversy.
5．What do the faces on the currency of America and that of New Zealand have in common
A．They are determined by the public.
B．They include the portraits of outstanding figures.
C．They symbolize the independence of the countries.
D．They are closely associated with local environment.
6．What can we infer from the evolving of New Zealand’s currency
A．Historians affected it greatly.
B．The process of it was complicated.
C．New Zealand used to be a diverse nation.
D．The banknote design experienced lots of tests.
7．Whose face is on the currency of New Zealand
A．Ernest Rutherford. B．Maori King Tawhaio.
C．Queen Elizabeth II. D．Captain James Cook.
阅读理解专练566
Some 117 years after the Wright brothers made the first powered flight on Earth,NASA has repeated the accomplishment on another planet.
Carried to Mars in the belly of the Perseverance rover, the Ingenuity helicopter lifted off last week from the surface of the Red Planet to an altitude of about 10 feet, hovered for some 30 seconds, turned 96 degrees, and then gently landed. Six days later, on May 3, the drone flew the length of a football field, hitting a top speed of 4.5 mph. That 1 minute 20 second flight was an incredible technical achievement, reports The New York Times.
The red planet has significant gravity, about one-third that of the Earth’s. The Martian atmosphere is less than 1 percent as dense as Earth’s, so there is virtually no air for a helicopter’s rotor blades to push against and generate lift. During Martian daytime, the planet’s surface receives only about half the amount of solar energy that reaches the Earth during its daytime, and nighttime temperatures can drop as low as minus 90 degrees Celsius, which can freeze and crack unprotected electrical components. To enable Ingenuity to fly, NASA made the $85 million craft exceptionally light－it weighs 4 pounds－and fitted its body of tissue-box size with two 4-foot-wide carbon-fiber rotor blades. They spin five times faster than those of a conventional helicopter. To survive the freezing Martian nights, it must have enough energy to power internal heaters.
Ingenuity will make two more test flights before scientists focus on Perseverance’s primary mission: searching for signs of past microbial life in ancient Martian lake beds. NASA hopes to send more-sophisticated drones to Mars that will be able to carry scientific instruments and reach and study areas inaccessible to wheeled rovers. “What the Ingenuity team has done is to give us the third dimension,” says Michael Watkins, director of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “They freed us from the surface now and forever in planetary exploration.”
8．What can we learn about the Ingenuity helicopter from the passage
A．It hovered for 30 seconds in May.
B．It lifted off from the surface of the Earth.
C．It has been damaged by the low temperature on Mars.
D．It hit a top speed of 4.5 mph during the second flight.
9．Why is the flight of the Ingenuity helicopter an incredible technical achievement
A．Because flying on Mars is far more difficult than that on Earth.
B．Because it helped NASA send another 2 drones to explore Mars.
C．Because it is the first time that a drone has landed on Mars.
D．Because the drone will make two more test flights.
10．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Helicopters. B．Temperatures. C．Blades. D．Heaters.
11．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To promote a new leading-edge technology.
B．To inform us of a recent progress in technology.
C．To evaluate the performance of the drone on Mars.
D．To analyze the data collected during the exploration.
阅读理解专练567
Coffee is probably the world’s least expensive success power tool. Coffee builds better teams and increases your leadership ability. Coffee also increases your immunity. It increases focus and drive and may even increase your lifespan.
Unfortunately, we may not be enjoying the benefits or pleasures of coffee too much longer. According to ecologists, there’s a good chance that in 20 or 30 years, the varieties of coffee that we drink today will be extinct. And we’ll be drinking either a coffee substitute or some almost-coffee hybrid that vaguely resembles the drink we enjoy today.
The problem, of course, is the pace of climate change. Successful coffee cultivation has three preconditions: 1) a warm, highly stable tropical climate with altitudes that keep air temperature between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius, 2) rich soil full of natural nutrients, and 3) an ecological environment that’s pest and disease resistant.
Coffee is a crop that is only grown in a thin band called the “coffee belt” close to the equator. It simply won’t grow anywhere else. Unfortunately, the “coffee belt” is extremely vulnerable to climate change. If the air is too cold or too hot, it prevents the growth of the coffee plant.
Climate change also creates environmental stress, which spreads parasites, pests and plant diseases. All of these increase the fragility of the coffee crop and create the possibility of a species-destroying rot.
Almost all the coffee cultivated in the world today is one of two species, arabica or robusta, either of which might be wiped out in this way. There are other species of coffee, and scientists are hoping that, if worse comes to worst, a different species can be bred into coffee.
Unfortunately, almost all of these species exist only in Ethiopia, a country that climate change is already hammering. As the environmental nonprofit USAID points out:
“Ethiopia is one of the world’s most drought-prone countries. The country is confronted with numerous development challenges that exacerbate its weakness facing climate change including increases in temperature, unstable rainfall and unpredictability of seasonal rain, and increased incidences of drought and other extreme events.”
In other words, even as climate change threatens coffee as it exists today, climate change is also eating away at the root source to which we might turn to for replacement species.
What to do Well, take the time to savor each cup of coffee you drink. Beyond that, stop electing and enabling climate change deniers.
12．What is the author’s feeling about the future of coffee
A．Helpless. B．Bored. C．Happy. D．Worried.
13．Which condition probably prevents the growth of the coffee plant
A．A tropical climate. B．Rich soil.
C．Increasing temperature. D．Stable rainfall.
14．The underlined word in Paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．remove B．worsen C．decrease D．accept
15．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Change Climate for Coffee
B．Enjoy Coffee While You Can
C．Benefits from Coffee Drinking
D．Conditions for Coffee Planting
阅读理解专练568
阅读【江苏省如皋中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期初测试】
You know all about the dangers of exhaustion. You even know that working too many hours affects your productivity, and yet there’s always one more task that needs finishing one more email to write, or one more impatient customer or boss who doesn’t want to wait till Monday. Here are some tips that may help you deal with pressure at work when you feel exhausted.
Don’t save sleeping time.
Not only does a good night’s sleep improve your mood and cognitive(认知的) ability, but it helps you grow brain cells. Sleep deprivation(匮乏) is associated with a lot of mental and physical illness, and will actually make you age more quickly. Whatever else you have to forego to give way to work and meet the demands of your crazy job, make sure getting a good night’s sleep every night is one of your priorities.
Get plenty of exercise.
Exercise is a known mood elevator and stress killer, as well as something that your body needs to remain healthy. There’s evidence that a daily two-mile walk can help your cognitive function. So fit some exercise in your schedule every day or follow Steve Jobs’ example and conduct meetings while walking.
Take brief breaks during the day.
Even a few minutes between meetings and phone calls will make a big difference. And also, go outside during these breaks. Sunlight and fresh air can do a lot of good.
Put a vacation on your calendar.
Having a vacation on your calendar will give you something to look forward to. And as the date approaches, do not reschedule whatever happens. Taking a vacation will give your mind a rest. You might be surprised at how reinvigorated(振作的) and inspired you’ll be getting back to work.
Schedule evening and weekend activities.
This will give your week some variety ---- it won’t all be about your job. It will be better if your off-hours activities involve other people you care about, such as your spouse, partner, kids, or friends.
1．What might be the purpose of the passage
A．To show the danger of stress and overwork.
B．To tell us some skills of improving work efficiency.
C．To persuade people not to work overtime.
D．To tell us how to get through high-stress times at work.
2．What does the underlined word “forego” in Paragragh2 mean
A．Carry out. B．Focus on.
C．Give up. D．Get over.
3．What can you do to give your mind a rest
A．Conduct meeting while walking. B．Save sleeping time.
C．Take a vacation. D．Plan weekend activities.
阅读理解专练569
Tea, the most typical of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium (一千年) BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the drink first appeared in England. It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, reaching the Continent by the way of Venice around 1560, with regular shipments by 1610.
Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at 6 to 10 per pound, touting ( 兜 售 ) its virtues at “making the body active and lusty (健壮的)”, and “preserving perfect health until extreme old age”.
Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税收) from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain’s lower classes.
A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license. This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century the duty on tea had reached a ridiculous 119 percent. This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry — tea smuggling ( 走 私 ). Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers, often local fishermen, secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!
Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to adulterate (掺假) the tea with other substances, such as willow and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.
Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from 119% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. Adulteration remained a problem, though, until the Food and Drug Act of 1875 brought in severe punishment for the practice.
4．According to the passage, tea drinking _______.
A．is the favorite pastime of the Dutch
B．is an important British tradition
C．was well-received by the Portuguese centuries ago
D．could be found everywhere in the world in 1560
5．Who might be annoyed by the popularity of the tea
A．Coffee house owners. B．Wine sellers.
C．Britain’s lower classes. D．Smugglers.
6．Which of the following statements about tea smuggling is TRUE
A．Churches provided convenience for smuggling.
B．Fishermen and farmers contributed a lot to tea industry.
C．Underground passages and boats were ideal hiding places for tea.
D．The government encouraged tea smuggling for taxes on tea.
7．How was the order of the tea market finally restored in Britain
A．By passing an act related to a tax rise.
B．By imposing mild punishment.
C．By punishing those who sold fake tea.
D．By mixing redried used leaves with fresh tea leaves.
阅读理解专练570
What is the best part of a typical relaxing summer day Nothing is better than sitting in an armchair with a beer and some chips in your hand, enjoying the great comfort.
The much-loved combination of beer and chips is being exploited for the first time to deal with climate change. Chips firm Walkers has adopted a technique it says will cut CO2 emissions (排放) from its production process by 70%.
The technology will use CO2 captured from beer processing in a brewery (啤酒厂), which is then mixed with potato waste and turned into fertilizer. It will then be spread on UK fields to feed the following year’s potato crop. Creating fertilizer normally produces high CO2 emissions, but the technology adopted by Walkers makes fertilizer without generating CO2. So, the beer-and-chips combination performs a double function. It stops the emission of brewery CO2 into the atmosphere — and it saves on the CO2 normally generated by fertilizer production.
This Creative win-win solution was developed with an approval from the UK government by a 14-employee start-up called CCm. The fertilizer was experimented on potato seed beds this year, and next year Walkers will install CCm equipment at its Leicester factory to prepare for its 2022 crop.
A decision has not yet been made on which brewery Walkers will work with on this. The new technology adds to carbon-saving techniques already under way. The firm has installed an anaerobic digester (厌氧消化池), which feeds potato waste to bacteria to produce a useful gas. The gas is burned to make electricity for the chip-frying process — so this saves on burning gas or coal.
The new system will go a step further by taking away potato “cake” left after digestion — and mixing the brewery CO2 into it to make an enriched fertilizer which will help put carbon back into the soil as well as encouraging plant growth.
It’s an example of scientists finding ways to use CO2 emissions which otherwise would increase the over-heating of the planet.
8．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To draw readers’ attention.
B．To entertain readers.
C．To show how useful beer and chips are to our life.
D．To introduce a way of life.
9．Which of the following is an advantage of the system
A．It will be totally cost-free.
B．It doesn’t consume any energy.
C．It will be a perfect solution to climate change.
D．It is environmentally-friendly.
10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How CO2 is turned into fertilizer.
B．How the technology stops CO2 emissions.
C．How an energy-saving green technology works.
D．The advantages of a new technology.
11．What can be inferred from the text
A．The technology will fix the problem of global warming.
B．Walkers has a wide range of partner choices.
C．This technology will be adopted by many chips firms soon.
D．Scientists are seeking solutions to climate change.
阅读理解专练571
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore—it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles (颗粒)—equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles—fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter (直径) and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion (研磨) in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic (合成的) clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed (冲掉) away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei (核心) around which water vapor (水蒸气) condenses (凝结) to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathclyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
12．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How microplastics should be handled. B．How microplastics are used widely.
C．How microplastics pollute water. D．How microplastics come into being.
13．What do we know about microplastics
A．They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B．They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C．They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
D．They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
14．What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph
A．No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
B．The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C．Countries should work together to fight plastic pollution.
D．It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
15．What’s the main purpose of the article
A．To compare acid rain and plastic rain.
B．To warn people of the dangers of microplastics.
C．To call on people to reduce using plastic products.
D．To introduce the sources and effects of microplastics.
阅读理解专练572
阅读【广东省深圳市六校2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次联考】
Nobody says school is easy. Studying is difficult, as is memorizing information for a test. Fortunately, there are books that can help you to make dealing with school easier.
Unlimited Memory by Kevin Horsley
This book is a bestseller in memory improvement. It has strategies to help learn faster and become more productive. Of course, having a good memory comes in handy outside of the classroom as well. Really, this is a great book for life in general.
On Course by Skip Downing
It is another book worth reading. In its eighth edition, the book provides self-assessment tools to help identify what is needed to change for academic success. It contains guided journal entries to help readers with responsibility, self-management, self-awareness, learning and self-esteem.
Student’s Guide to Writing College Papers by Kate L. Turabian
Many students reach college and find that essay writing in college is very different from that in high school. Whether this is the case or not, Student’s Guide to Writing College Papers is a perfect choice for those who want to improve writing skills. It’s available on Kindle or in hardback or paperback forms. Right now, this one is its fourth edition. The book covers writing actual paper, citing sources, and style.
How to Become a Straight-A Student by Cal Newport
The book came out in 2006. It enjoys great popularity among learners all over the world. The book deals with different approaches and strategies to help achieve good academic performance but spend less time on studying, with a focus on studying smarter, not harder. It’s available on Kindle and in audio book and paperback forms.
1．What do you know about Unlimited Memory
A．It is practical in daily life.
B．It is popular and sells best.
C．It helps to produce more works.
D．It is written by Kate L.Turabian.
2．What do the last two books have in common
A．They have various forms.
B．They are world-famous books.
C．They were published 15 years ago.
D．They mainly focus on improving writing skills.
3．Who are the intended readers
A．Parents. B．Children.
C．Teachers. D．Students.
阅读理解专练573
In 1939, seven-year-old Miriam Schreiber should have started first grade. Instead, she spent that year — and the following five — trying to survive. She was living in Poland when World War II broke out. “My entire life was ruined within minutes,” she says. “I was looking forward to starting school.” She never made it. And not having a degree has always been a thorn in her side.
Decades later, though, the now-89-year-old Holocaust survivor finally got something she had always longed for. Kapiloff Brander, director of community programs at Jewish Family Services, reached out to the New England Jewish Academy, a Jewish high school, to ask whether the school could help Mariam fulfill her wish. Richard Nabel, the principal of the school, brought a few senior students to Miriam’s home to hear her story before they came up with the idea of presenting her an honorary diploma at the school’s 2020 graduation ceremony.
Miriam suffered a lot in a slave labor camp in Siberia before she got liberated in 1946. She and her remaining family members went to a refugee camp in Germany, where she got married and had her first child at the age of 16. Having spent years in refugee camps in different countries, she finally immigrated to America in 1960. Getting a formal education was never an option for her but she learned seven languages over the years. “I educated myself,” she says. “I read books day and night. I still do.”
On August 16, during a socially distanced ceremony in the school gym, Miriam was presented with a high school diploma from the New England Jewish Academy. “There weren’t too many dry eyes among the 30 of us there,” says Nabel. Miriam’s family was especially moved. “I’m not sure she even realizes the importance of that moment to me,” says Bernie, her eldest son. “I am so proud of her.”
4．What can be learned about Mariam from paragraph 1
A．She regretted not being educated at school.
B．She started first grade at the age of seven.
C．She felt lucky to have survived World War II.
D．She spent five years in Poland during the war.
5．How did Mariam get her long-cherished wish fulfilled
A．She made it through her own efforts.
B．She turned to Kapiloff Brander for help.
C．The senior students themselves presented a diploma to her.
D．Richard Nabel learned about her story and decided to help.
6．Which of the following best describes Mariam
A．Educated. B．Intelligent.
C．Determined. D．Patient.
7．What did Nabel mean by saying “There weren’t too many dry eyes”
A．Mariam’s story was ordinary but inspiring.
B．Most of those present were deeply touched.
C．He was impressed by Mariam and was proud of her.
D．He felt honored to present Mariam with a diploma.
阅读理解专练574
It’s possible that your phone’s face-unlock might finally be able to work while you’re wearing a mask. Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms (算法) are getting better at recognizing faces in masks, according to data published on Tuesday by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). Using independent testing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms, the new report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought.
When NIST first examined masks’ effect on facial recognition in July 2020, it found that algorithms weren’t great at identifying faces with masks. “Face recognition can make errors, which can implicate people for crimes they haven’t committed,” writes the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). “It is particularly bad at recognizing African Americans and other ethnic minorities, women, and young people.” But the pandemic has given developers plenty of time to focus on the mask problem, and NIST’s data shows that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at working with masked faces. “After the pandemic, some developers have submitted algorithms which show significantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accurate in our test,” the report reads. NIST’s public ranking for facial recognition tests bears out this report. Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.
Nevertheless, there remain a number of limitations to the study. NIST researchers did not employ actual images of masked faces. Instead, they applied masks digitally to ensure consistency across the sample. As a result, “We were not able to get a thorough simulation (模仿) of the endless variations in color, design, shape, texture, and ways masks can be worn,” the report states. The digital mask was a blue surgical mask covering the full width of the face, but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.
8．Recognizing masked faces with facial recognition systems used to be thought as _______.
A．effective B．impossible
C．easy D．challenging
9．What does the underlined phrase “bear out” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Make. B．Prove.
C．Deny. D．Oppose.
10．What can be learned about the study
A．The way to wear masks may affect recognition accuracy.
B．The design of a mask makes no difference to facial recognition.
C．Facial recognition failure rates were quite low at the beginning.
D．The researchers adopted real surgical masks to ensure the accuracy.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Limitations of Facial Recognition Software
B．The Challenge of Recognizing Masked Faces
C．The improvement in Facial Recognition Algorithms
D．Different Applications of Facial Recognition Technology
阅读理解专练575
Many livestock farmers (牧场主) in the western world are becoming worried by a longer-term threat to their income from the growing popularity of vegetarian (素食的) diets. Here comes the question whether to eat meat or not. Before airing our view, we should consider seriously the three reasons that vegetarians give for refusing animal products.
The easiest point to argue against is that eating meat is unhealthy. Nothing is healthier than a varied diet, including fiber, vegetable, fruit and meat. Although studies show that eating red and processed meat may raise the risk of some cancers, it is important not to overstate the effect. This week, for example, Cancer Research UK reported that eating an extra piece of bacon every day raised the risk of bowel cancer by 20 per cent. But that means just eight extra (largely curable) cases in every 10,000 people over six years.
Our treatment of farm animals is an issue that vegetarians find more troubling. A common view is that raising animals in a small area cause unacceptable suffering. In this regard, agricultural authorities should take up the responsibility to enforce welfare standards that give each animal enough space to stand and move around comfortably. Also, consumers have an important role to play in improving conditions for farm animals. For example, the dislike of “battery hens”led to an EU ban in 2012 on keeping chickens in barren cages.
The environmental impact of livestock farming is its greatest problem in a century. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that farmed animals account for 14.5% of greenhouse gas emission. Although changes in grazing（放牧）practices could substantially reduce the environmental impact of livestock farming, it will always use more resources than producing the same number of calories from plant crops. Meat production should focus on the world’s traditional grasslands, without taking up new land.
12．Which of the following is NOT the reason against animal products given by vegetarians
A．It harms human health.
B．It causes animal suffering.
C．It damages the environment.
D．It threatens the income of farmers.
13．Why does the author mention the report from Cancer Research UK in paragraph 2
A．To prove that eating too much meat is unhealthy.
B．To persuade people out of eating too much meat.
C．To show that eating meat is not as unhealthy as vegetarians think.
D．To present the fact that eating too much bacon may cause cancer.
14．What’s the author’s attitude towards raising animals in a small area
A．Favorable. B．Negative.
C．Indifferent. D．Unclear.
15．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．The changes in feeding practices.
B．The challenges that livestock farming faces.
C．The negative effects of livestock farming on the environment.
D．The measures to reduce the environmental impact of livestock farming.
阅读理解专练576
阅读【辽宁省六校2021-2022学年高三上学期期初联考】
When it comes to the beaches in Sydney, it's hard to know where to begin. Around 100 beaches spread around the harbor and along the coast. Here are four of them.
Bronte Beach
Bronte's sea pool offers a protected ocean swim and is regarded as one of the best in Sydney—and much like beach culture itself, it's free. The nearby parkland has spacious barbecue areas for family gatherings. On public holidays, the park becomes a sea of busy people as parties take place.
Balmoral
Balmoral, on the north shore's Middle Harbor near Taronga Zoo, has an air of peace. Life moves at a more leisurely pace here. If it's loudness and pride you're after, this isn't it. What Balmoral does have overall is impressive views. And its calmness makes it a great swimming spot for families.
Garie Beach
Located in the Royal National Park, 54 kilometers south of Sydney, Garie Beach is accessible through Garie Road and isn't one for beach-lovers without a car. The large beach is very impressive, though. It's well preserved and is the perfect spot for a relaxing day away from the city. The facilities are top-grade and there is a great fishing spot off the east-facing rocks.
North Narrabeen Beach
Having some of the best and most consistent surf, the beach attracts board lovers from all over Sydney. Surfers have no discomfort making the 25-kilometer trip north to get to the three-kilometer-long beach. The northern end of the vast beach is protected from the northeasterly winds and is a surfer's destination, while the rest of it is ideal for swimming.
21．What do Bronte Beach and Balmoral have in common
A．They are both family-friendly
B．They both charge no admission fee.
C．They both allow of a feeling of peace.
D．They are both most visited during holidays
22．What can we learn about Garie Beach
A．It has big barbecue spots.
B．It is appealing to fishing lovers
C．It covers an area of 54 square kilometers
D．It has no convenient transportation.
23．which beach is suitable for people who like riding on waves
A．Balmoral B．Garie Beach. C．Bronte Beach. D．North Narrabeen Beach
阅读理解专练577
I’d like to talk about my first teaching experience. It was in the fall of 2010—I had to teach integral calculus (积分学). I had taught before but it was always 2-3 students at a time. I had no experience of classroom teaching. So I had butterflies in my stomach.
Anyway, the appointed hour came and I had no choice but to go on. I introduced myself, asked each one of them to do a brief introduction and got down to business. Fortunately, it was a worksheet session, so I didn’t have to do much. The students were well prepared—most of them had done AP calculus. The first day was a success.
As the quarter went by, I found the work more and more easygoing. So I was lax and stopped preparing the homework problems beforehand. How wrong I was!
One day we were doing surfaces of revolution. I used to do them in a more different way than it was taught in the text. I tried to do the first problem but it wasn’t just a piece of cake—I had to step back and think for five minutes before the solution came to me. To the credit of my students, no one showed any sign of impatience in the meantime. I was feeling doubly uncomfortable because it was a day of observation by the school leaders.
The next class I tried to give some additional resources on advanced materials, especially to students who would stay after the class or come to my office hours.
My evaluations were mixed. Two major complaints were about my accent and my handwriting on the board.
I learned a lot about teaching after this course. In my view, teaching is like a performing art. No amount of reading or attending workshops will prepare you for the challenge. You only get better with practice.
24．What made the author feel uneasy at first
A．Teaching a difficult subject. B．Lack of teaching experience.
C．Missing the appointed hour. D．Failure of choosing a topic.
25．What does the underlined word “lax” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Careless. B．Tense. C．Annoyed. D．Amused.
26．Why did the author feel slightly embarrassed
A．Because he delayed doing surfaces of revolution.
B．Because the students showed no sign of interaction.
C．Because he was stuck in his class watched by leaders.
D．Because the leaders blamed him for his performance.
27．What does the passage imply
A．Do as the Romans do. B．Well begun is half done.
C．It never rains, but it pours. D．Practice holds the key to progress.
阅读理解专练578
Public toilets are known for a number of things, and they’re almost all bad. They’re typically dirty, smelly and depending on where they’re located, crowded. There’s nothing worse than needing to use the restroom only to spot a public toilet and then walk up to see that it’s occupied. Tokyo is working to solve problems like this by renovating (翻修) dozens of public toilet locations around the Shibuya district, and they’ve hired professional architects to put their own spin on things. The “Tokyo Toilet Project” is an effort by the Nippon Foundation to revitalize the commonly used public toilets in Shibuya, and while each location will get its own unique trick, the transparent toilets are definitely getting the most attention from passersby.
“There are two concerns with public toilets, especially those located in parks,” the Nippon Foundation says. “The first is whether it is clean inside, and the second is that no one is secretly waiting inside. Using a new technology, we made the outer walls with glass, so that a person can check inside before entering. At night, they light up the parks like a beautiful lantern.” The toilets are lined with transparent glass, offering would-be bathroom users a hint as to whether they’re occupied or not.
The real trick, however, comes when you close and lock the doors. Nobody wants to have people watching them while they’re doing their business, and these transparent toilets have a very interesting trick up their sleeves. When you lock the doors, the specialized glass panels (嵌板) turn opaque, preventing anyone from peeping inside. When the door is unlocked, the glass becomes transparent once again.
Whether the good people of Tokyo will decide that these new and improved restrooms are worthy of use remains to be seen, but I can’t imagine why anyone wouldn’t want to spend some time in them.
28．Why are the public toilets in Tokyo being renovated
A．To inspire architects’ creativity.
B．To better meet users’ demand.
C．To attract passersby’s attention.
D．To improve the urban environment.
29．The transparent toilet is designed to________.
A．show if it is available
B．provide enough light inside
C．ensure it is easier to clean
D．create a novel appearance
30．What is the function of the transparent toilet’s trick
A．It cuts the cost of power.
B．It protects the users’ privacy.
C．It stores personal belongings.
D．It locks the door automatically.
31．What is the author’s attitude towards the transparent toilet
A．Indifferent.
B．Unfavorable.
C．Optimistic.
D．Neutral.
阅读理解专练579
Sugar cane（甘蔗）contains around 10% sugar. But that means it contains around 90% non-sugar—the material known as bagasse （甘蔗渣）which remains once the sugar-bearing juice is squeezed out. World production of cane sugar was 185 million tonnes in 2017 , which results in a lot of bagasse.
At the moment, most of it is burned. But Zhu Hongli, a mechanical engineer at Northeastern University, in Boston, thinks it can be put into better use. As she, and her colleagues describe, in Matter this week, with a bit of improving bagasse makes an excellent and biodegradable （可生 物降解的）replacement for the plastic used for disposable food containers such as coffee cups.
Dr. Zhu is not the first person to have this idea. But previous attempts tended not to survive contact with liquids. She knew from previous research that the main reason why past efforts fell to pieces when wet is that bagasse is composed of short fibres which are unable to hold the finished product. She therefore sought' to insert a suitably long-fibred substance.
Bamboo seemed to be the best choice. It grows quickly /degrades readily and has appropriately long fibres. And it worked. When the researchers blended bamboo remaining into bagasse, they found that the result had a strong crossing of short and long fibres.
To put their new material through its paces, Dr. Zhu and her colleagues first poured hot oil onto it and found that, rather than passing through the material, as it would have with previous, bagasse products, the oil was resisted by their invention.
They also found that when they made a cup out of the stuff and filled it with water heated almost to boiling point, the cup remained unbroken for more than two hours. Though this is not as long as a plastic cup would Hast, it-is long enough for all practical purposes.
32．What do we know about bagasse
A．It is widely used. B．It is usually wasted.
C．It can not be degraded. D．It takes up 10% of sugar cane.
33．Why do the previous attempts fail
A．The cups are not disposable. B．The fibres of bagasse are short.
C．The plastic can not be replaced. D．The material is not biodegradable.
34．What is special about Zhu's invention
A．It can let oil pass through. B．It can be boiled in the water.
C．It can hold liquid and resist heat. D．It can reduce the use of bamboo.
35．What would be the best title for the text
A．New Bamboo Containers B．A New Application of Fibres
C．Young and Promising Materials D．A Perfect Mix of Cane and Bamboo
阅读理解专练580
阅读【山东省青岛市2021-2022学年高三上学期期初考】
Some influential figures have left their marks in the world of science and technology. Sundar Pichai is the current CEO of Google. At present, Google is the most popular search engine and is a word that has entered the dictionary in its verb form, ‘Googling '. He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth and the family suffered from poverty. But his story never fails to remind all that with determination and hard work, one can beat the odds.
Although Steve Jobs passed on years ago, he was, and still is, the perfect role model for many entrepreneurs. He was fired from the company of Apple, and then he went on to start up two other successful companies. Later, he returned to Apple where he created the iPhone, a product that many consider to be the most significant invention of this century. Elon Musk is the founder of SpaceX and Tesla. He used to be a major shareholder and CEO in PayPal, but was forced to leave from his role as CEO due to disagreements with the company leaders. Currently, he has set his sights on ways to reduce global warming, including keeping a lookout for new sources of renewable energy, and has an exciting ambition to establish a human colony in Mars.
Mark Zuckerberg is the founder of Facebook. Many are aware of his enormous success in building the $350-billion company but not many know that he had to journey through a rocky path to get to where he is today. He dropped out of college and had to tide over uncertain times before reaching success.
1．What did Steve Jobs do after being fired from Apple
A．He gave lectures to young businessmen.
B．He became a successful entrepreneur of two other start-ups.
C．He started a company where he created iPhone.
D．He made the most significant invention in the world.
2．Who is on the frontier of space exploration technology
A．Sundar Pichai. B．Steve Jobs. C．Elon Musk. D．Mark Zuckerberg.
3．What similarity do the four figures share
A．They were born into poor families.
B．They went through hardship before success.
C．They contributed a lot to renewable energy.
D．They quit college to chase their dreams.
专题29.答案
阅读理解专练561
【答案】1．A2．C3．B
阅读理解专练562
【答案】4．B5．C6．D
阅读理解专练563
【答案】7．D8．D9．A10．B
阅读理解专练564
【答案】1．C2．C3．B
阅读理解专练565
【答案】4．D5．B6．B7．A
阅读理解专练566
【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．B
阅读理解专练567
【答案】12．D13．C14．B15．B
阅读理解专练568
【答案】1．D2．C3．C
阅读理解专练569
【答案】4．B5．B6．A7．C
阅读理解专练570
【答案】8．A9．D10．C11．D
阅读理解专练571
【答案】12．D13．D14．A15．D
阅读理解专练572
【答案】1．A2．A3．D
阅读理解专练573
【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．B
阅读理解专练574
【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．C
阅读理解专练575
【答案】12．D13．C14．B15．C
阅读理解专练576
【答案】21．A22．B23．D
阅读理解专练577
【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．D
阅读理解专练578
【答案】28．B29．A30．B31．C
阅读理解专练579
【答案】32．B33．B34．C35．D
阅读理解专练580
【答案】1．B2．C3．B
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