专题30 高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练（20套含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练
专题30.（20套精选含答案）
阅读理解专练581
Every year on April 22,Earth Day marks the anniversary of the birth of the modern environmental movement in 1970.It gave a voice to an emerging public consciousness about the state of our planet.The founder was Gaylord Nelson.
What moved Gaylord Nelson to action was the1969massive oil spill（溢出）in California,the largest oil spill in the United States at that time.The spill proved to be an environmental nightmare as it had a strong impact on marine life,killing an estimated3,500sea birds,as well as marine animals such as dolphins,elephant seals and sea lions.Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that period of time,Nelson found it was a right time to channel the energy of the students towards a fight for environmental protection.He decided that it was time to educate the Americans on the need to protect the environment.Thus,Earth Day was born in1970,and public environmental consciousness took centre stage.
On 22nd April 1970,millions of Americans took to the streets to demonstrate for a healthy,sustainable environment and thousands of students marched in protest of the terrible situation of the environment.Businesses were forced to follow environmental standards if they wanted to continue their operations.The year1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more countries around the world.It helped pave the way for the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro,bringing together many nations,for a joint effort towards protecting the environment.In 2009,the United Nations decided to officially set April 22 as Earth Day.
For his role as founder of Earth Day,Gaylord Nelson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom（1995）,the highest honour given to civilians in the United States.We honor the man,as the fight for a cleaner environment continues.
4．What can we learn about Earth Day
A．It was founded at the end of 1970s.
B．It was first celebrated in Rio de Janeiro.
C．People will march on the street on this day.
D．It arouses public environmental awareness.
5．What did Gaylord Nelson do to make Earth Day possible
A．He reduced the loss of the oil spill.
B．He participated in an antiwar movement.
C．He set environmental standards for business.
D．He involved more people in environmental issues.
6．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．The focus of Earth Day.
B．The development of Earth Day.
C．The world 's concern on the environment.
D．The joint efforts of different countries.
7．Which of the following best describes Gaylord Nelson
A．Intelligent. B．Responsible. C．Considerate. D．Knowledgeable.
阅读理解专练582
Nobody wants to snack on plastic bags or soda rings, but according to a recent study from the University of Neweastle, we could be consuming roughly a credit card's worth of plastic every week.
Microplastic, which are less than a quarter-inch size and come in various shapes, have polluted the natural world and infiltrated(渗入)our bodies. The first clue to microplastic exposure in humans came around 2013, when scientists discovered plastic particles in seafood prepared for consumption. But in 2019, when the University of Newcastle study was published, the scientific community understood that the problem was considerably broader. Microplastics shed off clothes and tires and have been found in beer, honey, table salt and other food items. We breathe in plastic staying in the air and drink plastic floating in our drinks. It's no stretch to conclude that our exposure is significant. What we don't know is what this means for us.
The amount of evidence collected on this subject is growing rapidly, according to Scott Coffin, a toxicologist(毒理学家). Studies done on mice and rats have found that plastic in their bodies can severely damage cells and cause stress.
Because microplastics are too small to clean up, the only solution is to stop plastic waste at the source. And doing so would take a thorough adjustment, given that plastics are deeply embedded in our economy and lifestyle. Stopping using them would fundamentally affect countless industries, including textiles(纺织业), transportation and manufacturing.
"I think we need to have more studies coming out that are directly related to human health before we see a lot more concern from the general public," Scott said. "It takes a lot to convince people that something that is really convenient for them to use is something they should sacrifice."
The question of microplastics and human health needs more attention—from the scientific community ,the general public, the government and funding groups. The issue isn't being ignored, but it's not being prioritized either.
8．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us about microplastics
A．Their wide usage in daily life.
B．Their harm to human health.
C．Their significant exposure in humans.
D．The new study conducted on them.
9．What does the underlined part "this subject" refer to
A．The way that microplastics exist.
B．The pollution caused by microplastics.
C．The relationship between microplastics and human health.
D．The reason for the existence of microplastics.
10．How to solve the problem according to Scott
A．To cut down plastic production.
B．To carry out more studies on mice and rats.
C．To invent something more convenient than plastics.
D．To promote people's awareness on the harm brought by microplastics.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage
A．Is Microplastic pollution harmful to our health
B．Why is Microplastic pollution everywhere
C．Why is plastic harmful
D．What do you know about Microplastics
阅读理解专练583
In the Ancient Greek world, one was meant to focus on a close knowledge of just two books. Homer’s Odyssey and his Iliad, because these were the best guides to action in military and civilian affairs. However, the modern world firmly equals the intelligent person with the well-read person.
Nowadays, if we do not rush to read four of this year’s major prize winning books, we will feel guilty at how far behind we are. We think that there should be no limit to how much we read because in answer to the question of why we read, there is only one response that will ever be ambitious enough: we read in order to know everything.
But this tiring approach to reading does not make us particularly happy. So in order to ease and simplify our lives, we might have a much more limited, focused and useful goal. We might, for example, read in order to learn to be content. Nothing less and nothing more.
With this new, far more targeted ambition in mind, much of the pressure to read constantly and randomly starts to fade. Once we know that we are reading to be content, we don’t need to chase every book published this season. We can zero in on titles that best explain what we need. So for example, we may need a few key books that will teach us about how families work and how they might work better, that can take us through how to find a job, or how to develop the courage to develop our opportunities.
The more we understand what reading is for us, the more we can enjoy close relationships with a few works only. The truly well-read person isn’t the one who has read a huge number of books, but someone who has let themselves be deeply shaped by just a few, very well-chosen titles.
12．Why are Homer’s Odyssey and Iliad mentioned in the first paragraph
A．To present a fact. B．To explain a point.
C．To raise a question. D．To make a comparison.
13．What can we infer from paragraph 2 and 3
A．Major prize winning books should be read.
B．We should be ambitious to read to know everything.
C．Reading as much as we can leads to happiness.
D．We should read with focused purpose.
14．What kind of books does the author advise us to read
A．The newly published ones.
B．Those with innovative names.
C．The books meeting your needs.
D．The books improving your ambitions.
15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To promote our interest in reading.
B．To advocate a targeted reading way.
C．To criticize reading blindly.
D．To compare different reading styles.
阅读理解专练584
阅读【山东省日照市五莲中学2022届高三开学考试】
As a former editor at Real Simple magazine, I’ve come across many domestic products. And now I’m a free writer and a mom of two amazing but messy children. I’ve really put these cleaning products to use. So I’ve decided to share my top 4 products with you.
Magic Silicone Dishwashing Gloves
These might be one of my favorite inventions ever. BPA-free silicone gloves with built-in scrubbers (刷子) for cleaning dishes Brilliant! They get rid of the need for a washing brush keep my nails unharmed, and they can be thrown into the dishwasher.
Shop it: Magic Silicone Dishwashing Gloves, $15, amazon.com
Rubbermaid Reveal Power Scrubber
I live in a rental apartment, and when I moved in, the ground around my bathtub was very dirty. This tool makes light work of bubble (气泡). The company says it’s twice as powerful as scrubbing with hand, and I have to agree. Use it on everything from taps to siding door tracks—you won’t want to put it down.
Shop it: Rubbermaid Reveal Power Scrubber, $20,
Angry Mama Microwave Cleaner
I can’t count how many times tomato sauce has splattered in my microwave. This small invention uses steam to loosen all that baked-on stains (污渍). Just take off the hair, fill with water and vinegar, and watch Angry Mama as she sprays hot steam all over the inside. Then wipe with a damp cloth. She’s incredibly fun to use!
Shop it: Angry Mama Microwave Cleaner, $9, a discount of 50% if you buy now, amazon.com
Hiware Drinking Straw Brush Set
If I gave my kids only straws in their stockings for Christmas, they’d be excited. They ask for straws so often that I should buy a stock of them. And now that reusable straws are popular, these tools get more use in my house than ever.
Shop it: Hiware Drinking Straw Brush Set, $1 for one, $5 for ten, amazon.com
1．Which of the following might be most useful for a dirty house
A．Magic Silicone Dishwashing Gloves. B．Rubbermaid Reveal Power Scrubber.
C．Angry Mama Microwave Cleaner. D．Hiware Drinking Straw Brush Set.
2．What’s the least cost if you buy the four products at a time
A．$45. B．$44.5. C．$40.5. D．$40.
3．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To promote the sales of the products. B．To teach us how to use the products.
C．To recommend the products to readers. D．To compare the advantages of the products.
阅读理解专练585
I was a teacher before I had my first daughter. As much as I enjoyed being an educator, I decided to stay at home with our baby — at least for the first few years. I enjoyed every day we spent together for a year and a half until I found myself pregnant (怀孕) with identical twin girls.
After the girls were born, it was the busiest time of my life. Between bottle feeding two, changing three little ones in diapers (尿布), and getting them to sleep, I was a hot mess. I was so exhausted that showering and washing my hair took too much energy, so I often skipped them. One afternoon when I sat on the couch with my three screaming children, an idea struck me: I had to write this down. All of it. Every experience, feeling, and challenge from the past year and a half. I didn’t know how I would find the time to write but I knew I would.
And I did. I wrote during nap times, in the evenings, and on weekends when my husband was home and could watch our crew. It started as scattered journal entries and incomplete sentences written down in a notebook or on my laptop. Slowly over months the words formed complete thoughts, then complete paragraphs. Soon, I had made another decision. I wanted to write a memoir (回忆录) in hopes that: it would inspire other women in similar situations. When my book was finally published and drew some attention, I realized how much I loved writing essays that took the reader on a transformative journey, much like my own.
The old proverb says “write what you know.” In just a few short years I have had so much life experience that I have a lot to write about. My daughters are my muse. The experience of having all three of them has given me the confidence to pursue my dream of writing.
I feel I am still teaching, but now instead of through a chalkboard, my words flow through the pages of my books, essays and features. And the only certification I need now, is the one I have — as a mother.
4．How does the author describe her life as a mother of three children
A．Busy and tiring. B．Messy and annoying.
C．Pleasant and interesting. D．Amazing and meaningful.
5．Why did the author decide to write a memoir
A．To achieve her writing dream. B．To make a note of her past.
C．To earn money for her family. D．To help more mothers like her.
6．What does the underlined word “muse” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Target. B．Inspiration.
C．Audience. D．Favorite.
7．What does the author mainly talk about in the text
A．How she brought up her children.
B．How she became a successful teacher.
C．How her daughters gave her a new career.
D．How her daughters made her a great mother.
阅读理解专练586
There are many ways we can enjoy sport—watching it on TV or a smartphone, attending an event at a stadium or even playing the game. Bu for those who enjoy getting competitive with their computer gaming, there are realistic-looking games to be played without leaving home. And people’s interest in this type of sport—if that’s what we can call it—has gone to a new level.
Initially, grabbing a controller and playing a game was individual activity. But around 20 years ago computers became cheaper and the Internet became faster, which made it much easier for more people to get involved with computer gaming. This led to gamers connecting with each other around the word, so they could go head-to-head online. It also became a spectator sport, with people watching others play. The whole experience has been given the name “esports”—Electronic Sports.
Now, huge esports tournaments take place all over the world in big arenas (竞技场) with large crowds. Diehard enthusiasts, who have become first-rate players, are now well-known—some play together in teams. Its top stars can earn millions of dollars a year, without even breaking into a sweat! And fans from around the world tune in to watch the action online. The global audience is now estimated at more than 200 million and growing. Annual profits from esports, currently around 650 million dollars for events, continue to rise with billions more through the video games sales.
Famous football clubs are now trying to get in on the action. England’s Football Association for example launched its first esports team this year, known as the eLions. It recruited (招募) FIFA 19 players to represent them at the FIFA eNations Cup. Mark Bullingham, the FA’s chief commercial and football development officer, said “The FA prides itself on being a modern, innovative organization that tries to engage and inspire all generations of football fans.”
But while this virtual version of football might give footballers a chance to get closer to the real game, some might argue the lack of physical activity means it shouldn’t be called a sport—and the biggest winners are the companies who promote and sell esports.
8．What contributed most to the popularity of esports
A．The support from the public. B．Cheaper computers and faster Internet.
C．The advanced sports equipment. D．People’s preference for individual activities.
9．What can we infer about esports from paragraph 3
A．They have become a big industry. B．They make players get rich easily.
C．They will replace traditional sports. D．They have a great impact on other sports.
10．Why does the author mention the FA in paragraph 4
A．To explain why it has become interested in esports.
B．To tell readers it is taking the lead in hosting esports.
C．To state the officers are proud of its achievements in esports.
D．To show famous football clubs are getting involved in esports.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Rise of Esports
B．The Advantages of Esports
C．Esports Teams: Famous for Star Players
D．Esports Tournaments: Exciting and Fantastic Events
阅读理解专练587
Artificial intelligence (AI) still can’t see the future, but a new algorithm (算法) may come close: using nothing but written movie summaries, the AI can consistently tell which films will play well—or awfully—to critics and audiences. If the model can be further improved, it could one day help producers predict whether a movie will be a failure at the box office, before it’s even made.
To test several models, researchers used plot summaries of 42,306 movies from all over the world, many collected from Wikipedia. The models broke the summaries by sentence and used something called sentiment (情感) analysis to analyze each one. Sentences considered “positive”, such as “Thor loves his hammer”, would receive a rating closer to positive one. And sentences that were considered “negative”, like “Thor gets in a fight” would be rated closer to negative one.
Generally, successful movies such as 1951’s Alice in Wonderland—which scored 80% on the movie-rating website Rotten Tomatoes—have frequent waves in sentiment; unsuccessful ones, such as 2009’s The Limits of Control, vary less. It’s not important whether the films begin or end happily, the researchers say. What’s important is that the sentiments change frequently.
The sentiment ratings in each summary were then simplified into a single score to reflect how often the sentiment changed. The researchers tested three different methods of arriving at a final score. All three could predict fairly accurately whether a movie would be unpopular, and one method worked especially well for guessing which thrillers and comedies reviewers would hate.
The methods were not as efficient at guessing which movies would succeed, but they still predicted the results more accurately than random chance. In the future, the researchers say their methods could be bettered to predict the amount a movie could earn at the box office and help producers decide which movies to invest in. The system’s fair judgment might give an advantage to less well-known writers, the researchers add. It could also potentially save the public from having to sit through films like Jaws: The Revenge, which online cities and audience alike rate as terrible.
12．How can AI help foresee the future of movies
A．By testing plot models. B．By using sentiment analysis.
C．By writing summaries. D．By consulting critics and audiences.
13．What is the key factor for a successful movie according to the researchers
A．A happy ending. B．Famous movie stars.
C．A well-known producer. D．Frequent sentiment changes.
14．What benefit will the methods possibly bring
A．Helping producers invest wisely. B．Assessing a movie’s quality accurately.
C．Increasing box office earnings. D．Providing written summaries for critics.
15．What’s the researchers’ attitude to the model
A．Doubtful. B．Cautious.
C．Optimistic. D．Ambiguous.
阅读理解专练588
阅读【湖北省武汉市部分重点中学2021-2022学年高三上学期8月联考】
Stagecoach Buses — Popular tickets
Dayrider
Travel as much as you like in one day.
With Stagecoach Dayrider bus tickets you can make as many journeys as you like for one day. They offer more value for money than buying a single or return, as you can travel on all Stagecoach buses within your chosen ticket zone. Buy tickets using the Stagecoach Bus App or buy on the bus. with contactless payments now available on all our buses, you don't need to worry about finding the correct change
Bus and Boat
Unlimited bus travel for one car in the selected zone, plus a boat ride
Explore the countryside on bus and then enjoy the fine mountain views from the comfort of a boat deck. You can board one of our many boats or steamers located at four of the districts most outstanding lakes. Stagecoach have combined bus boat tickets which are available for Coniston, Detwent Water, Ullswater and Windermere
Sightseeing Tickets
Never get lost and don't miss a thing.
Hop-on and hop-off all day as much as you like at any of the bus stops on the route and see all the best sights and attractions your chosen town or city has to offer. You'll also leam lots of history along the way from one of our expert guides
Student Tickets
Flexible student bus tickets
Are you a student and getting ready for the new term You can travel for a lot less with Stagecoach's student bus tickets. You'll need a current student ID card with a photo to buy a Stagecoach student ticket. The name on your ID card will need to match the name on your ticket.
1．What is true about the “Dayrider” ticket
A．You need the correct change to buy it.
B．You can use it to travel anywhere in the city.
C．It can be purchased with your mobile phone.
D．It can be used with any bus company.
2．If you want to go sightseeing around of the lake areas, which ticket is the most suitable
A．Dayrider. B．Bus and Boat.
C．Sightseeing. D．Student tickets.
3．What is needed if you want to buy a student ticket
A．A photo of yourself. B．Your name.
C．The bus app. D．Valid student ID．
阅读理解专练589
Our brain doesn't know how to be happy, or even content. It simply lacks the genetic instructions to carry out that task. It knows how to do a million other less important things, from writing a letter to maintaining our balance; from appreciating the music of Bach to smelling a rose, but if you ask the brain to be happy, it simply doesn't know how to respond.
This is because the genetic code is only concerned with survival and reproduction, which happiness does not necessarily have anything to do with, and therefore belongs in a different aspect. Nature doesn't want us to always feel content and satisfied, let alone happy, as this would lower our guard against possible threats to our survival.
Happiness, as the Brazilian poet Vinicius de Moraes put it, is “like a feather flying in the air. It flies light, but not for very long.” It is so elusive that it has also been compared to a butterfly, which “when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but which, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you,” according to 19th-century American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne. In any case, what is clear is that happiness is, at best, fleeting (飞逝的） and inconstant.
In this blog, we will look at the myth of happiness from many perspectives and, in the process, we will touch on topics such as happy personalities, the unhappy workings of the brain, evolution, dreams, and even fairy tales. I explore all these issues in detail in my book, which shares its title with this blog. Happiness is a crucial concept. We spend all of our lives pursuing it, so it deserves a very careful analysis.
We are determined by our biological design to experience mixed and messy emotions. But the silver lining is the knowledge that having difficult emotions doesn't represent a personal failure. The inevitable unhappiness that we all suffer from time to time is not a shortcoming that demands urgent repair. Far from it. This unhappiness is, in fact, what makes us human.
4．Why does our brain lack the genetic instructions to be happy
A．Because being happy is less important than appreciating and creating art.
B．Because feeling good isn't one of our concerns in living a life.
C．Because we tend to be more aware of the threats when we are unhappy.
D．Because happiness has little to do with the continuation of a species.
5．What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Easy to expose. B．Difficult to achieve.
C．Unable to explain. D．Likely to remain.
6．The sentence“This unhappiness is, in fact, what makes us human.”means
A．Happiness is a significant concept.
B．The inevitable unhappiness is a great problem.
C．Our biological design doesn’t make us always feel happy.
D．We should pursue happiness in life.
7．What can we learn from the passage
A．We should make happiness our top concern no matter what.
B．Negative emotions always require immediate attention.
C．We should accept difficult emotions as a natural part of life.
D．Social failures are more likely to be troubled by negative feelings.
阅读理解专练590
Loneliness is a widespread problem with complex roots.
There has been a quiet pandemic developing while most people's attention has been on covid-19. The lockdown has worsened a problem that has been spreading in many developed nations for decades: loneliness.
It is a complex issue which covers not only social lives, but the way you work and the way you vote. Noreena Hertz, an academic, deals with the subject in an important new book, "The Lonely Century". Loneliness increases the risk of heart disease, strokes and dementia(痴呆症). Those who say they are lonely are likelier to be depressed five years later. In addition, lonely people can become more hostile towards others and more attracted to extremist politics.
Part of the problem stems from contemporary employment. Globally, two in five office workers feel lonely at work. This rises to three in five in Britain. Gig-economy(零工经济)jobs can leave people with insecure incomes and without the companionship of colleagues. The pandemic has made it more difficult to make, and maintain friendships, particularly for new employees.
Ms.Hertz points her finger at other recent developments. One of them is social media. The internet has led to much cyber-bullying (although it has also been a source of companionship during the lockdown). And people glued to their smartphones spend less time interacting socially.
Some changes in behavior are caused by individual choice. Before the pandemic no one was stopping people going to church or taking part in sports. They simply preferred to do other things. American fathers spend three times as much time with their children as they did in the 1960s. That is surely a welcome development.
So recreating a communal society may be difficult. When the pandemic ends, people may enjoy the chance to be with their neighbors and colleagues for a while. But the trend is clear. Technology means that people can get their entertainment at home, and work there, too. It is convenient but it also leads to loneliness.
8．What does the underlined phrase "a quiet pandemic" refer to in the second paragraph？
A．Covid-19.
B．Loneliness.
C．The lockdown.
D．A complex issue.
9．Why is the new book mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A．To show the seriousness of loneliness.
B．To advertise a new book.
C．To give an example of loneliness.
D．To introduce what to be discussed.
10．Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the trend of loneliness？
A．Contemporary employment.
B．Social media.
C．Individual choice.
D．Extremist politics.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A．Loneliness: Good or Not？
B．A Common Disease.
C．Loneliness: A Clear Trend.
D．Pandemic and Loneliness.
阅读理解专练591
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: we've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. Ⅲdesigned lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected.
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth—is wholly，beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.
We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further from the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet (磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behaviour out of joint, including their nighttime breeding choruses. Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs. Like most other creatures, we do need darkness. Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.
Living in a glare of our own making, we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night. In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.
12．What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to
A．The moon. B．The night.
C．The sky. D．The planet.
13．The writer mentions birds and frogs to ________.
A．provide examples of animal protection
B．show how light pollution affects animals
C．compare the living habits of both species
D．explain why the number of certain species has declined
14．It is implied in the last paragraph that ________.
A．light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animals
B．light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages
C．human beings cannot go to the outer space
D．human beings should reflect on their position in the universe
15．What might be the best title for the passage
A．The magic light B．The disappearing night
C．The dimensions of a deep night D．The rhythms of nature
阅读理解专练592
阅读【重庆市西南大学附属中学2021-2022学年高三上期开学考试】
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and maintain all sprinkler systems, fire alarms and fire extinguishers. They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never toy with these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID．Close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit and do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
· If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking, contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way. If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
1．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals
A．To provide part-time jobs for students.
B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
2．In a fire drill, the students should .
A．rush quickly to a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit
C．shut the door and leave at once
D．wait for instructions in the hall
3．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should .
A．contact the hall staff regularly
B．cover the things that burn easily
C．start the smoke detector in a fire
D．make certain the red light is working
阅读理解专练593
A while back I caught a news report on something called ―couch surfing and the network of trusting souls who make this phenomenon possible. They offer to put up travelers free of charge and help them on their ways. At first, it sounded unbelievable. I mean, inviting strangers into one’s home for one or two nights Give me a break.
However, I was intrigued. I decided to find it out. The only way to truly learn about this phenomenon was to dive in. So I planned a trip to Finland, a country I’ve always wanted to explore. I would couch surf at every stop there.
If ever any anxiety existed when stepping into the unknown, it disappeared when my first host met me at the train station. Ari looked like my idea of a typical Finn: tall and blue-eyed. Finns were also supposed to be famously reserved (寡言少语的). Ari was anything but. He was a live wire, giving me a warm welcome and walking with me to his apartment, where he showed me the sleeper sofa, served me tea, and engaged me in warm conversations. He also handed me a key to come and go as I pleased.
If this was what couch surfing was all about—trust and friendship—then I had gotten off to a good start. As I boarded my next train to continue my journey, I began to think about this couch-surfing idea. What encouraged these people to open their homes to strangers I concluded that there was a desire to lend a hand to like-minded folks who might enrich their own lives.
Seven cities in 14 days. Seven hosts. Seven new friends. If couch surfing taught me anything, it’s this: Most people are good and generous. Where will couch surfing take me next Who knows But I can’t wait to find out.
4．Which of the following best explains the underlined word in the second paragraph
A．relaxed. B．bored.
C．interested. D．pleased.
5．What can we know about Ari
A．He was reserved like most Finns.
B．He talked less but he was friendly.
C．He treated the author as a friend.
D．He saw off the author at the train station.
6．Why did people offer couch surfing to strangers
A．To take an adventure with strangers.
B．To exchange houses for a short time.
C．To learn more about others’ family lives.
D．To enrich their own lives by helping others.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．Travel on Trust and Couches
B．A Free Travel in Finland
C．Experiences in Strangers’ Houses
D．A Plan for Couch Surfing
阅读理解专练594
Humans’ overconsumption of resources is a leading contributor to global climate change, says University of Arizona researcher Sabrina Helm. Therefore, it’s increasingly important to understand the choices consumers make and how those decisions affect the health of a planet with limited resources. In a new study, published in the journal Young Consumers, Helm and her colleagues explore how materialistic(物质享乐主义的) values influence pro-environmental behaviors in millennials, who are now the nation’s most influential group of consumers.
The researchers focused on two main categories of pro-environmental behaviors: reduced consumption, which includes actions like repairing instead of replacing older items; and “green buying,” or purchasing products designed to limit environmental impacts. The researchers also looked at how engaging in pro-environmental behaviors affects consumer well-being.
More materialistic participants, the researchers found, were unlikely to engage in reduced consumption. However, materialism did not seem to have an effect on their likelihood of practicing “green buying.” That’s probably because “green buying,” unlike reduced consumption, still offers a way for materialists to fulfill their desire to get new items, Helm said.
Study participants who reported having fewer materialistic values were much more likely to engage in reduced consumption. Consuming less was, in turn, linked to higher personal well-being and lower psychological suffering. Green buying—which may have some positive environmental effects, although to a smaller degree than reduced consumption—was not found to improve consumer well- being, Helm said.
The take-home message for consumers: “The key is to reduce consumption and not just buy green stuff. Having less and buying less can actually make us more satisfied and happier,” Helm said. “If you have a lot of stuff, you have a lot on your mind,” she said. “For example, it requires maintenance and there’s a lot of burdens of ownership, and if you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better and freer.”
Understanding how materialistic values impact consumer behaviors, and how those behaviors in turn affect personal and environmental well-being, is important, Helm said. However, she acknowledges that for many consumers, shifting behaviors to be more financially proactive and consume less will be challenging.
8．What do we know about pro-environmental behaviors
A．They are a cause of climate change.
B．They are categorized by purchasing preference.
C．They vary in different age groups.
D．They are affected by materialism.
9．It can be learned from Helm’s study that ________.
A．ownership of green products brings a sense of happiness
B．green buying helps control people’s desire to buy new items
C．materialists prefer practicing green buying to buying less
D．buying less and green buying have similar effects on people
10．According to the study, which of the following can improve one’s well-being
A．Replacing older items. B．Developing new resources.
C．Buying greener products. D．Being careful with expenses.
11．What is Helm probably going to explain in the next paragraph
A．When people develop proactive financial behaviors.
B．Why it is hard to change people’s financial behaviors.
C．Which financial behaviors lead to mental well-being.
D．How materialistic values influence financial behaviors.
阅读理解专练595
Faced with a declining population and shrinking workforce, Japan has been increasingly turning to robots for help. Over the years, the androids have been employed to perform a large number of human tasks, including building products and providing care and companionship for the elderly. The latest addition to the Japanese “workforce” may be Model-T. Designed by Telexistence Inc., this seven-foot- tall robot is currently undergoing trials restocking sandwiches, drinks, and ready meals on shelves at select locations of local convenience store chains Lawson and FamilyMart.
Telexistence has received funding from technology investment company Softbank Group and cell phone service operator KDDI in Japan, with overseas investors including European passenger aircraft maker Airbus Ventures. It named its robot Model-T, a nod to the Ford Motor car that began the age of mass motoring a century ago.
Model-T, whose face somewhat resembles that of a kangaroo, is certainly not the first restocking robot. However, the warehouse robots currently being used by companies, like Walmart and Amazon, are only able to accomplish single, repetitive tasks, such as carrying boxes. Model-T, on the other hand, has a wide range of movement and can be used to restock objects of various sizes, making it ideal for convenience and grocery stores, which sell a large variety of items.
“It is able to grasp or pick and place objects of several different shapes and sizes into different locations, ” Matt Satsuma, head of business development and operations at Telexistence Inc., told CNN Business. However, Model-T is not autonomous. Instead, it is operated by human “pilots” wearing a virtual reality(VR) headset and special gloves, which allow them to feel the product the robot is holding in their hands and guide it to the right shelf. Since the video connection between the robot and the human operator has a mere 50 milliseconds delay, the navigation process is seamless. Telexistence says the VR-controlled androids are easier to develop and maintain. They are also ten times cheaper than autonomous robots, which require complex programming.
Though Model-T appears to have passed the trials, it is not quite ready to enter the labor force. Besides being a lot slower than human labour, it is also only capable of lifting packaged items, and cannot grasp loose items such as fruits and vegetables. Telexistence hopes to introduce a faster Model- T within the next two years.
12．What is the main driving factor for the invention of Model-T
A．The demands of senior citizens. B．The development of technology.
C．The shortage of labour force. D．The appeal of convenience stores.
13．What’s the hidden message behind the name Model-T
A．It is an updated version of Ford Motor. B．It may create a new age like Ford Motor.
C．Its bond with Ford Motor is inseparable. D．Its design is as fashionable as Ford Motor.
14．What can we learn about Model-T according to Paragraph 4
A．It doesn’t need maintenance. B．It performs tasks automatically.
C．It requires complex programming. D．It depends largely on human’s operation.
15．What is mainly discussed about Model-T in the last paragraph
A．Its limitations. B．Its working principle.
C．Its applications. D．Its exciting prospect.
阅读理解专练596
阅读【江苏省苏州市2021-2022学年高三上学期期初调研】
For centuries, tea has been used for far more than overcoming thirst. Around the world people drink it to relax and restore energy.
Green, oolong and black tea come from the same plant — Camellia sinensis (茶树). Green tea, however, is processed in a different way, which results in higher levels of some of the compounds that scientists believe have positive effects on our mental health.
A 2017 review of more than 100 studies found that green tea can impact the brain in three ways: reduce anxiety; focus attention; and improve brain function, especially memory. However, it was cautioned that the effects aren’t large, and current evidence is mainly provided by small-scale studies.
There are also suggestions that tea could improve the symptoms of depression, dementia (痴呆) and Down syndrome (唐氏综合征).
A 2018 study conducted in South Korea found that frequent green tea drinkers were 21% less likely to develop depression than those who were non-drinkers. However, as an observational study, it couldn’t establish cause and effect, only association.
Tea also has some benefits for our physical health — it’s linked to a longer life, could reduce some risk factors for cardiovascular (心血管的) disease such as heart attack and stroke, and may also have a weight-losing effect.
“We need better data to truly assess the benefits of tea on our mental and physical well-being,” said Gunter Kuhnle at the University of Reading, “however, with the exception of green tea pills, which have been linked to liver damage, and burning tea, which has been linked to esophageal (食道的) cancer, there’s no real downside to a cup of tea. I think most people enjoy rituals (仪式感). It’s a comforting thing. If there’s anything wrong, here it’s a cup of tea that’s needed.”
21．How is green tea different from oolong and black tea
A．It cures depression and dementia.
B．It is never part of a complex ritual.
C．It has higher levels of certain compounds.
D．It is taken from Camellia sinensis.
22．What does Gunter Kuhnle want to express
A．Green tea rituals give people comfort.
B．Green tea pills may cause esophageal cancer.
C．Green tea brings people more harm than good.
D．Green tea proves beneficial with no exception.
23．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Which tea prevents cancer
B．Why drinking tea might help
C．When tea causes liver damage
D．How teas are processed
阅读理解专练597
At first, I didn’t recognize the symptoms that we all had in common. Friends mentioned that they were having trouble concentrating. It wasn’t burnout — we still had energy. It wasn’t depression — we didn’t feel hopeless. We just felt somewhat joyless and aimless.
It turns out there’s a name for that: languishing.
Languishing is a sense of inactivity and emptiness. It feels as if you’re muddling (应付) through your days, looking at your life through a foggy windshield (挡风玻璃).
In psychology, we think about mental health on a spectrum (范围) from depression to flourishing (精力旺盛). Flourishing is the peak of well-being. Depression is the valley of ill-being. Languishing is the neglected middle child of mental health. It’s the emptiness between depression and flourishing — the absence of well-being. You’re not functioning at full capacity. Languishing dulls your motivation, disrupts your ability to focus, and greatly increases the possibility that you’ll cut back on work.
Part of the danger is that when you’re languishing, you might not notice the dulling of delight or the decreasing of drive. You don’t catch yourself slipping slowly into aloneness; you’re indifferent to your indifference. When you can’t see your own suffering, you don’t seek help or even do much to help yourself.
So what can we do about it People who became more focused on their work managed to avoid languishing. Interrupted attention is an enemy of engagement and excellence. To go beyond languishing, give yourself some uninterrupted time. It clears out constant distractions (分心) and gives us the freedom to focus. And try starting with small wins by focusing on a challenge that matters to you – an interesting project, a worthwhile goal, or a meaningful conversation.
We still have a lot to learn about what causes languishing and how to cure it, but naming it might be a first step. It could help to defog our vision, giving us a clearer window into what had been an unclear experience. It could remind us that we weren’t alone: languishing is common and shared.
By acknowledging that so many of us are languishing, we can start giving voice to quiet despair and lighting a path out of the emptiness.
24．Which definition best suits the word “languishing”
A．Feeling exhausted and without hope.
B．Becoming weaker or failing to improve.
C．Making someone want to achieve something.
D．Going beyond the usual limits of something.
25．Which of the following can be described as languishing
A．Seeking help when you are suffering.
B．Realizing that you are not alone in despair.
C．Giving yourself some uninterrupted time.
D．Being indifferent to your lack of enthusiasm.
26．What could psychologists do to help solve the problems of languishing
A．Give people more freedom.
B．See it as depression.
C．Name it clearly.
D．Remove it from a spectrum.
27．Why is it significant to know languishing is common and shared
A．We can let the silent despair speak up and find a way out.
B．We can continue to learn more about languishing.
C．We can see it as basically the same as depression.
D．We can study it as the complete opposite of flourishing.
阅读理解专练598
A bat and a ball cost $1.10 in total. The bat costs $1.00 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost
If you answered 10 cents, you’re not alone – most people give the same answer (the correct answer is 5 cents). It’s an example of how we often rely on intuitive(直觉的)responses – answers we feel are true. People give answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We don’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.”
The bat and ball question helps explain why we often believe in fake(假的)news. It is part of human nature to believe, says Sloman. But “the trick with fake news is to know to verify” --- in other words, to stop and question what you know. In one experiment, Sloman and a colleague invented a discovery called helium rain. They told a group of volunteers about it, but admitted they could not fully explain what it was. They then asked the volunteers to rate their own understanding of helium rain. Most volunteers rated themselves 1 out of 7, meaning they did not understand the concept.
The researchers then told another group of volunteers about the discovery. This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists’ confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says.
According to Sloman, studies show that knowledge spreads like a contagion(传染病). This idea can be seen in many fields, including politics. “If everyone around you is saying they understand why a politician is dishonest,” Sloman says, “then you’re going to start thinking that you understand, too.”
Another explanation for the spread of fake news is “motivated reasoning,” writes Adam Wyatz, an American management professor, “we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.”
So, in a world where misleading information is common, training people to care about fact-checking is important, especially in online communities. “We should check things and not just take them at face value,” Sloman says. “Verify before you believe.”
28．Why does the author use the example of the bat and ball question
A．To warn that people often ignore skills that they learned.
B．To show that there are various answers to a question.
C．To illustrate that people tend to rush to a conclusion.
D．To arouse people’s interest in playing guessing games.
29．In paragraph 3, what does the underlined word “verify” mean
A．To make sure something is true.
B．To think about something for a long time.
C．To express an opinion about something.
D．To follow your intuitive response.
30．When do more volunteers claim to understand helium rain
A．When some of the volunteers explained it to them.
B．When Sloman and his colleagues showed them how it works.
C．When they have more confidence in themselves.
D．When they believed that scientists understood it.
31．Which of the following is an example of “motivated reasoning”
A．You trust a damaging story about someone who you always judge negatively.
B．You post a message online that gives your personal opinion about a news story.
C．You search online for more information about a doubtful story on social media.
D．You think a university professor dishonest when everybody around you say so.
阅读理解专练599
Atticus was sitting in the swing, and Mr. Tate was in a chair next to him. The light from the living-room windows was strong on them.
“Well, Heck,” Atticus was saying, “Of course it was clear-cut self defense, but it’ll come before county court.”
“Mr. Finch, do you think Jem killed Bob Ewell Do you think that ”
“You heard what Scout said, there’s no doubt about it. She said Jem got up and yanked him off her — he probably got hold of Ewell’s knife somehow in the dark… we’ll find out tomorrow.”
“Mr. Finch, hold on.” said Mr. Tate. “Jem never stabbed Bob Ewell.”
Atticus was silent for a moment. He looked at Mr. Tate as if he appreciated what he said. But Atticus shook his head.
“Heck, thank you from the bottom of my heart, but I don’t want my boy starting out with something like this over his head. Best way to clear the air is to have it all out in the open.”
“Mr. Finch,” Mr. Tate said, “Bob Ewell fell on his knife. He killed himself.”
“Heck,” Atticus’s back was turned. “If this thing’s hushed up (掩盖) it’ll be a simple denial to Jem of the way I’ve tried to raise him. Before Jem looks at anyone else he looks at me, and I’ve tried to live so I can look squarely back at him… if I allow this to happen, I couldn’t meet his eyes, and the day I can’t do that I’ll know I’ve lost him. I don’t want to lose him and Scout, because they’re all I’ve got.”
“Mr. Finch.” Mr. Tate was still planted to the floorboards. “Bob Ewell fell on his knife. I can prove it.”
Atticus wheeled around. His hands dug into his pockets. “Heck, can’t you even try to see it my way When my children are grown I’ll be an old man if I’m still around, but right now I’m —— if they don’t trust me they won’t trust anybody. Jem and Scout know what happened. If they hear of me saying downtown something different happened — Heck, I won’t have them any more. I can’t live one way in town and another way in my home.”
Mr. Tate said patiently, “Bob Ewell fell on his knife. — Look, I can show you.”
32．Which of the following most probably happened before this part of the story
A．Jem attacked Bob Ewell.
B．Bob Ewell attacked Jem.
C．Bob Ewell was killed by Jem.
D．Jem was killed by Bob Ewell.
33．Why does Atticus want it to come before county court
A．He believed Bob Ewell had killed himself.
B．He wanted to hide the actual fact.
C．He wanted the judge to make the decision.
D．He wanted the public to know the truth.
34．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 9 refer to
A．Jem’s looking at Atticus before he looked at others.
B．Atticus Finch’s looking squarely back at Jem.
C．Scout’s account of what Jem had done.
D．Hushing up the fact that Jem had killed Bob Ewell.
35．Which of the following best describes Atticus Finch as a father
A．Shallow. B．Shy. C．Principled. D．Untrustworthy.
阅读理解专练600
阅读【辽宁省名校联盟2021-2022学年高三9月联合考试】
The World's Coolest Bookstores
Where did you buy your last book Chances are that you bought it on the Internet. But if you did, you missed the extraordinary experience of browsing in a real bookstore. These days bookstores offer lots of great books and plenty more.
Taipei's Eslite Dunnan Store
Time magazine once named Eslite Dunnan Store in Taipei "Asia's best bookstore ". One visit to the store tells you why. The store, spreading across five floors, offers a combination of restaurants, music and over 200,000 books. With its cosy reading spots, visitors sometimes say it's like a library. Others have called it the " 7-Eleven of bookstores" because it's open 24 hours a day.
Book Garden
The world's biggest bookstore is Tehran, Iran's Book Garden with 700,000 square feet of space. In addition to restaurants and a theater, the Book Garden features a park on the roof.
Libreria Acqua Alta
Venice, Italy, is a city surrounded by water. It seems that one of its most interesting bookstores is Libreria Acqua Alta. Its books are displayed in all things related to water such as boats, bathtubs and more.
La Caverne aux Livres
La Caverne aux Livres—the cave of books—was once a train. Today this unique French bookstore, located north of Paris, is home to thousands of second-hand books.
Bart's Books
Many readers like to sit inside with a good book. But at Bart's Books in California, guests can enjoy a good book and some fresh air. Bart's Books is believed to be the largest independently-owned outdoor bookstore in the US.
Whether you enjoy reading inside or outside, there's always an interesting bookstore to be discovered.
1．What is special about Taipei's Eslite Dunnan Store
A．You can visit this bookstore at any time of the day.
B．You can take books from this store free of charge.
C．There are places where you can enjoy your meal.
D．It is characterized by a park directly on its roof.
2．What will you probably do in La Caverne aux Livres
A．Admire landmarks of Paris in the distance.
B．Search for some information about trains.
C．Enjoy a good book and outdoor scenery.
D．Browse a huge number of used books.
3．What is the writer's purpose in writing the text
A．To urge people to read books inside and outside.
B．To encourage people to go to the real bookstores.
C．To inspire booksellers to open creative bookstores.
D．To appeal to booksellers to pay attention to this list.
专题30.答案
阅读理解专练581
【答案】4．D5．D6．C7．B
阅读理解专练582
【答案】8．C9．C10．D11．A
阅读理解专练583
【答案】12．D13．D14．C15．B
阅读理解专练584
【答案】1．B2．C3．C
阅读理解专练585
【答案】4．A5．D6．B7．C
阅读理解专练586
【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．A
阅读理解专练587
【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．C
阅读理解专练588
【答案】1．C2．B3．D
阅读理解专练589
【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．C
阅读理解专练590
【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．C
阅读理解专练591
【答案】12．B13．B14．D15．B
阅读理解专练592
【答案】1．C2．C3．D
阅读理解专练593
【答案】4．C5．C6．D7．A
阅读理解专练594
【答案】8．D9．C10．D11．B
阅读理解专练595
【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．A
阅读理解专练596
【答案】21．C22．A23．B
阅读理解专练597
【答案】24．B25．D26．C27．A
阅读理解专练598
【答案】28．C29．A30．D31．A
阅读理解专练599
【答案】32．B33．D34．D35．C
阅读理解专练600
【答案】1．A2．D3．B
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