高中英语同位语从句知识点
有关高中英语同位语从句知识点汇编
1. 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2. 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, suggestion等，关联词多用从属连词that。
例如：
The were all very worried about the fact that you were ill. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I can not come 你在哪儿听说我不能来
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
例如：I have no idea whether he'll come. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词whether, which, what和连接副词where, when, what, how亦可引导同位语从句。
例如：
The question what should finish the job requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的.问题。
注：
1.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。
例如：
This is the only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。
2.引导词that在同位语从句中不作句子成分；而在定语从句中必作句子成分，是从句所修饰的词的替代词。
例如：
The fact that the Chinese people invented the compass is known to us all．中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。（同位语从句）
The fact that we told abut is extremely essential．我们谈论的这个事实很重要。（定语从句）(共15张PPT)
表语从句
The Predicative Clause
一、表语从句的定义：
在复合句中,位于系动词之后充当表语的名词性从句称表语从句。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。
The question is who will do it.
判断表语从句主要的依据就是在系动词后面。
系动词
表语从句
名词短语作表语
表语从句
表语从句
English is her favorite subject.
English is what she loves most among all subjects.
请列举：系动词有哪些？
Be动词：_____________________________________
感官系动词：__________________________________
保持系动词：__________________________________
变化系动词：__________________________________
表象系动词：__________________________________
am is are were was be
feel look sound smell taste
become grow turn go get
keep stay remain
look seem appear
二、表语从句的构成：
What I want to say is that I am tired.
引导词
简单句
从属连词：that / whether /as if /as though
连接代词：who / whose / which / what
连接副词：when / where / why / how /
because
（系动词）+ 引导词+简单句
引导词
｛
不管用什么引导词，从句必须是陈述句语序，也就是我们说的主谓（主语在谓语前面）
二：表语从句的引导词分类
第一类：从属连词
1. _________引导表语从句，在从句中的意义_____, _______成分，________省略。
1)The trouble is that I have lost his address.
2)My advice is that we should get there by train.
2. _________引导表语从句，在从句中的意义_______, ______成分，_______省略。
注意:if不能引导表语从句！
1)The question is whether that boy will turn up in time.
2)My concern is whether you can do the work well.
不可以
是否
不作
不可以
that
whether
无
不作
3. _____________引导的表语从句常置于连系动词seem，appear, look，taste，sound，feel等之后。
1)It looks as if a storm would come soon.
2)It sounds as though someone is knocking at the door.
第二类：连接代词和连接副词
4. _____________引导的表语从句
_________________强调原因，意为“那是因为...”
_________________强调结果，意为“那是...的原因”
1)That's because he didn't understand me.
2)That’s why he got angry with me.
as if/ as though
because, why
That is because...
That is why...
5. 特殊疑问词引导的表语从句
_____________：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
_____________：where, when, how, why(状语)
1)The problem is whom we can turn to for help. 2)That was what she did this morning.
3)My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.
4)The question is how he did it.
关系代词
关系副词
难点：注意下列表语从句中what, where, how, why 的译法
3. This is where Lu Xun once lived.
4. That was how they won the match.
5. This is why she got up so early this morning.
这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.
他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.
这就是她今天早上起得这么早的原因.
This is what….
This is where…
This is how …
This is why….
This is because...
This is when...
这就是…的地方
这就是…的方法/这样
这就是…的原因
这就是…什么事/什么样子
1. The question is what we should do to make it better.
2. Tom is no longer what he used to be .
问题就是我们应该做什么来使它更好
Tom 不再是他以前的样子。
这就是因为
这就是…的时候
如何正确选择引导词？
根据句子意思选择。
我们就是这样克服困难的.
那就是他昨天缺席的原因.
这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.
This is how we overcame the difficulties.
That is why he was absent yesterday.
This is where we met last Sunday.
Practice
Figure out the function
What John Snow showed to the world was that cholera could be defeated.
主从
表从
What ... is/was that
1. My worry is if he can get there on time.
2. The reason why he failed was because he hadn’t studied hard.
3. My advice is that he sees the doctor right away.
4. The trouble is what we are short of money.
5. What we want to know is we can learn English well.
that
whether
Task1
see
that
how
1. The question is _____ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2. The reason why he failed is _____ he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
3. That is ____ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what B. where C. that D. why
4. The problem is ___ to take the place of Ted.
A. who can we get B. what we can get
C. who we can get D. that we can get
D
B
B
C
Task2
5. What I want to know is ___ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that B. if C. whether D.不填
6. She looked ____ she were ten years younger.
A. that B. like C. as D. as though
7. —I fell sick!
—I think it is ___ you are doing too much.
A. why B. when C. what D. because
8. —He was born here.
—That is ____ he likes the place so much.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
C
D
D
C
Task3
1. The question is _______ the film is worth seeing.
2. That’s ________ he didn’t come yesterday.
3. The problem is ______ we can get enough food.
4. The book looked ___________ it had been out in the rain.
5. This is _______ we should do.
6. What the police want to know is ______________________ you entered the room.
whether
why
how
as if/though
what
how/when/why/whether表语从句练习
一、选择题
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
2. The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because B. that C. for D. because of
3. That was ___ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School.
A. because B. why C. how D when
4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted.
A. who can we get B. what we can get
C. who we can get D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that B. if C. whether D.不填
6. He was ill .That is ____he didn’t come yesterday.
A. when B. why C. how D. that
7. That is _____ we were late last time.
A. that B. when C. why D. what
8. ___you are the first one here.
A. It seems as if B. It seems as if that
C. It seems that as if D. It seems that as though
9. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mother’s being ill
C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill
10.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what B. where C. that D. why
11. —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .
—Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A. why B .what C. when D. where
12. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how
13. See the flags on top of the building That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
14. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game
---Oh, that’s _____.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
15. My hope is ___he will become a doctor in the future.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
二、that/what的区别
1．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you B. That；how you are
C. How；that you are D. What；how you are
2. The trouble is__________we are short of tools.
A. what B. that C. how D. why that
3. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .
A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being
C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be
4. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that B. That … what
C. What … what D. That … what
5. The energy(力量) is ________ makes the cells(细胞) able to do their work.
A. that B. which C. what D. such
1-5 DBACC 6-10 BCACB 11-15 ABDAC
15 DBAAC
