高考英语过去完成时专项训练(单项选择60题有答案）
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| 名称 | 高考英语过去完成时专项训练(单项选择60题有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-13 15:41:10 | ||
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过去完成时
单项选择
1．Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.
A．she had had time; rang B．she had time; had rang
C．had she had time; rang D．did she had time; had rang
2．“I didn’ t know my daughter was to lead the dance until I saw her on the live broadcast,” said Ye Hongjie. She added that before the ceremony what she________ was only that she was going to attend the ceremony.
A．knew B．has known
C．had known D．knowing
3．It was the first time that she ______ in public.
A．sung B．had sung C．has sung D．have sung
4．By the end of last semester, we_________the three compulsory English textbooks.
A．had covered B．have covered C．covered D．covering
5．Mr. White, who I ______ to the south of France, still lives in London.
A．think to have moved B．think had moved
C．thought have moved D．thought had moved
6．The third live class from China’s space station ________ when I turned on the TV.
A．began B．had been begun C．had begun D．has begun
7．He ________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.
A．had learned B．would have learned
C．will learn D．has learned
8．I knew I ______ a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.
A．choose B．chose C．had chosen D．will choose
9．Peter to take up the offer, but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time.
A．was intended B．was intending C．had intended D．has been intending
10．The manager got to the company hurriedly, only to find that he his laptop and files at home.
A．left B．was leaving C．had left D．has left
11．No sooner I finished doing the nucleic acid testing I felt like throwing up(呕吐). How I wish we could go back to the days without COVID-19.
A．did, when B．had, than C．had, when D．did, than
12．Jack ________ Chinese for two years in the Confucius College of Canada before he came to TEDA Club.
A．has studied B．studied C．had studied D．was studying.
13．He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ______ her somewhere.
A．saw B．has seen C．had seen D．was seeing
14．He kept looking at the girl, wondering_________
A．where he has seen her before
B．where had he seen her before
C．where has he seen her before
D．where he had seen her before
15．The newly-built school was much bigger than she ______ at first.
A．was thinking B．thought
C．had thought D．has thought
16．When Robert got to the third floor on foot, he found that he ________ his keys in the car.
A．was leaving B．had left C．would leave D．had been leaving
17．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ________ for years.
A．haven’t seen B．hadn’t seen C．saw D．have seen
18．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I for years.
A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see
19．—Were you surprised by the ending of the film, Uncharted 4
—I ________ the book it is based on, so I already knew the story.
A．am reading B．reads C．had read D．was reading
20．It was the first time in six attempts that Peters ______the world champion.
A．has beaten B．was beaten
C．beat D．had beaten
21．—What happened to her new car
—No sooner ______ it than someone ran into her.
A．had she bought B．did she bought C．she bought D．she had bought
22．When he lost his job because of carelessness, he felt he had _____ his family.
A．fell B．featured C．failed D．figured
23．Mary had a great talent for writing. By the time she was 16, she ________ three books about teenagers.
A．wrote B．would write C．had written D．has written
24．The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _________ before.
A．hasn’t flown B．didn’t fly C．hadn’t flown D．wasn’t flying
25．---Did you go to the Temple Fair during this Spring Festival
---I didn’t. I ______ there many times before.
A．was B．had been C．has been D．would be
26．Hanoi declared that it ________by fast-spreading H1N1, which ________other countries nearby.
A．was being struck, had hit B．has been struck, had hit
C．has been struck, has hit D．will be struck, has hit
27．Although he ________in that city for 15 years, he, in 2007, returned to Paris.
A．lived B．has lived
C．would live D．had lived
28．The media reported that these companies ______ pollution as hot potato.
A．have treated B．will treat C．had treated D．were treated
29．I ______ an apology to you earlier, but failed because you ______ me since we last quarreled.
A．intended to make, had avoided meeting
B．intended to have made, had avoided to meet
C．had intended making, have avoided to meet
D．had intended to make, have been avoiding meeting
30．I was about to unlock the door of my flat ______ I realized I ______ my keys in my office.
A．then, had left B．that, have left C．when, had left D．when, left
31．—Did you have difficulty finding Alice's house
—Not really, She_________us clear directions and we could find it easily.
A．would give B．was giving C．had given D．will give
32．—________ Tom at the party
—No.He ________ by the time I arrived.
A．Have you seen; was to leave B．Did you see; had left
C．Did you see; should have left D．Have you seen; left
33．The young man, when questioned why he ______ the mobile phone, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.
A．had stolen B．stole C．steals D．was stealing
34．________, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we ________.
A．Tiring, had eaten B．Tiring, haven’t eaten
C．Tired, had eaten D．Tired, didn’t eat
35．By the end of last term, we ________ 2000 English words.
A．have learnt B．had learnt C．learnt D．would learn
36．Bill________ to retire at 60, but his colleagues persuaded him to stay on for a few more years.
A．would expect B．has expected C．expected D．had expected
37．Mr. Green asked Lily whether she had passed the exam________.
A．yesterday B．the day before C．the day ago D．before the day
38．—Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—No, I________ the book, so I already knew the story
A．was reading B．had read C．am reading D．have read
39．Doctor Smith ________ in the university for more than 20 years before he retired last month.
A．worked B．was working C．has worked D．had worked
40．He went to the airport to pick up his wife, but she ______ before his arrival.
A．left B．has left C．had left D．was leaving
41．Hardly________ that the early identification of those children’s special educational needs________ such a huge difference to them.
A．he believed; made B．did he believe; made
C．he believes; had made D．did he believe; had made
42．No sooner ________ enough money than he rushed to buy the children some gifts.
A．did he raise B．he raised C．had he raised D．he had raised
43．It was the first time that I ________ (talk) face to face with the president.
A．talk B．have talked C．talked D．had talked
44．We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night.
A．broke B．had broken C．has broken D．was breaking
45．---You look very tired. What's wrong with you
---How bad luck today is! By the time I arrived at the airport, the plane________.
A．left B．was leaving C．has left D．had left
46．—Why did you abandon pursuing a master degree
—I ________ to study further, but I had to earn money to support my family.
A．had intended B．intend C．would intend D．Was intended
47．Under no circumstances________ I met so many problems.
A．I would expect B．expected I
C．had I expected D．I had expected
48．The manager is said to have arrived back from Beijing where he ______ some important partners.
A．would meet B．had met C．meets D．is meeting
49．By the time he was ten, Edison________ many experiments in chemistry.
A．did B．would do C．was doing D．had done
50．By the end of last term we ________the book.
A．finished B．had finished C．finish D．have finished
51．By the end of 2010, he ______ in NBA for nine years.
A．plays B．played C．has played D．had played
52．But ________ he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he ________.
A．even though; was failed B．after; failed
C．even though; had failed D．after; has failed
53．By the time we got home, the man _______ with a note on the door, saying “I’ll come tomorrow.”
A．left B．has left C．had left D．would leave
54．The country ______ its borders when a wave of refugees ______ in, which put a severe strain on its social welfare system.
A．scarcely opened; flooded B．had scarcely opened; had flooded
C．scarcely opened; had flooded D．had scarcely opened; flooded
55．The producers of the talk show denied that the joke was too offensive, insisting that they merely ______ add a slight touch of humor.
A．have meant to B．had meant to C．were meant to D．mean to
56．Even though we ______ a lot due to the natural disaster, moments when we could be together with our family gave us hope for the future.
A．have lost B．had lost C．were losing D．would lose
57．The young man, when questioned why he _______ the law, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.
A．broke B．had broken C．won’t know D．haven’t known
58．Their failure suggested that they ________ the lessons before the test at all.
A．didn’t go over B．hadn’t gone over
C．hadn’t went over D．haven’t gone over
59．The _________ expression on her face showed that she _________ her teacher’s explanation.
A．confusing; wouldn’t quite understand B．confused; hadn’t quite understood
C．confusing; hadn’t quite understood D．confused; shouldn’t quite understand
60．It was the first time that he__________the New Coastal Area of Tianjin and was so impressed by its fast development.
A．have visited B．visited C．had visited D．would visit
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：她刚想坐下来休息一会儿，电话就响了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“主语+had hardly done…when+主语+did”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，“Hardly”位于句首，句要用部分倒装，“had”提前，故空格一填“had she had time”，从句用一般过去时，故空格二填“rang”。故选C项。
2．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：Ye Hongjie说：“直到我在直播中看到女儿，我才知道她要领舞。”她补充说，在典礼之前，她只知道她要参加这个典礼。由“before the ceremony”可知，她在典礼之前就已经知道自己要参加这个典礼，分析句子可知，典礼是过去发生的事情，空格处用过去完成时，表示过去的过去的动作，故选C。
3．B
【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句意：这是她第一次在公众面前唱歌。It was the first time that…意为“某人第一次做某事”，固定句型，that从句谓语动词应使用过去完成时。故选B项。
4．A
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学完了三本必修英语教材。A. had covered已经涉及，已经学习（过去完成时）；B. have covered已经涉及，已经学习（现在完成时）；C. covered涉及了，学习了（一般过去时）；D. covering涉及，学习（现在分词/动名词）。分析可知，所填动词为句中的谓语动词，结合时间状语“By the end of last semester”可知，应是过去完成时。故选A项。
5．D
【详解】考查时态和插入语。句意：怀特先生，我以为他已搬到法国南部去了，但他仍住在伦敦。观察选项可知，I think在句中作插入语，move的动作发生在think之前，因此正确答案是thought had moved，表示“我过去以为他已经搬去了法国”，故选D。
6．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：第三堂来自中国空间站的直播课在我打开电视前已经开始了。根据动词turned可知，打开电视机发生在过去，且课程在此之此之前就开始了，是过去的过去，应使用过去完成时态，又class与begin之间为主动关系，故选C。
7．A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他15岁进入大学时，他已经学了超过5000个英语单词。空处在句中为主句的谓语，结合时间状语从句“when he entered the university at the age of 15”可知，他在上大学的时候，学到的单词已经超过了5000，所以表示的是过去之过去，因此空处的时态为过去完成时。故选A。
8．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我的工作。分析语境，主句动词时态为一般过去时，此句为宾语从句，此句应该是基于过去时态的过去完成时，表达“过去的过去我已经选择了”，had chosen符合题意。故选C项。
9．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：彼得本打算接受这份工作，但由于通勤时间太长，他最终拒绝了。根据后文but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time.可知，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
10．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：经理匆忙赶到公司，结果却发现他把笔记本电脑和文件忘在家里了。分析句子可知got to the company用的是一般过去时，电脑和文件落家里应该是到办公室之前，所以用过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选C。
11．B
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：刚做完核酸检测，我就想吐。我多么希望我们能回到没有新冠病毒的日子。表示“一……就……”句型为no sooner…than…，且no sooner位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装，此处用过去完成时，应将had提前。故选B。
12．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在来到TEDA俱乐部之前，杰克曾在加拿大孔子学院学习了两年中文。根据文中“before he came to TEDA Club”可知，学习是发生在“过去的过去”的事情，“for two years”也是提示，所以用过去完成时。故选C项。
13．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他一直看着她，想知道是否在什么地方见过她。由kept可知，“他看着她”是发生在过去的动作，“是否在什么地方见过她”这个动作应该是发生在过去的过去，因此空格处用过去完成时，故选C。
14．D
【详解】考查宾语从句的语序和时态呼应。句意：他一直看着那个女孩，想知道以前在哪里见过她。分析句子结构可知，where引导的是宾语从句，而从句的语序应该是陈述语序，故排除B项和C项，主句部分用的是一般过去时，所以从句需用过去的某种时态，所以从句应用过去完成时。故选D项。
15．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这所新建的学校比她起初想的要大得多。分析句子可知，句子为“than”引导的比较状语从句，根据句中“was”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句“想”的动作发生在主句动作之前，故应用过去完成时，谓语动词为“had done”，“think”的过去分词为“thought”，故空格处应填“had thought”。故选C项。
16．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：当罗伯特步行到三楼时，他发现他把钥匙忘在车里了。结合语境可知，leave发生在found之前，即“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选B。
17．B
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：走在街上，我遇到了多年未见的大卫。根据“I came across David”可知，多年未见大卫是发生在过去之前的事情，所以应用过去完成时。故选B。
18．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我在街上走的时候，我遇到了大卫，我已经多年没见到他了。A. didn’t see没有看见（一般过去时）；B. haven’t seen已经没看见（现在完成时）；C. hadn’t seen已经没看见（过去完成时）；D. wouldn’t see没看见（过去将来时）。根据时间状语for years可知，句子应用完成时态，且根据came使用过去式形式可知，主句使用一般过去时，see这一动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
19．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你对电影《神秘海域4》的结局感到惊讶吗？——我看过原著，所以我已经知道故事了。空处缺少谓语动词，read这个动作发生在knew之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。故选C。
20．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是彼得斯六次尝试中第一次击败世界冠军。此句考查句型It was the first time + that从句，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，从句要用过去完成时。故选D项。
21．A
【详解】考查固定句型和部分倒装。句意：——她的新车怎么了？——她刚买就被撞上了。结合句意可知，此处为固定句型no sooner...than...“一……就……，刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；当no sooner位于句首时，主语要部分倒装，将助动词had置于主语之前。故选A。
22．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他因为粗心大意而失去工作时，他觉得自己辜负了家人。A. fell跌倒，减少；B. featured以……为特色；C. failed辜负，使失望；D. figured认为，理解，弄懂，计算。由语意可知，他丢了工作，所以他觉得这件事使他的家人失望，fail符合语境；此处应用动词过去分词形式与助动词had组合为过去完成时态，表示动作发生在felt之前。故选C项。
23．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：玛丽很有写作天赋。到16岁时，她已经写了三本关于青少年的书。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据“By the time she was 16”可知，时态用过去完成时态。故选C。
24．C
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在飞机上坐在我旁边的年轻女孩很紧张。她以前没有坐过飞机。分析句子可知，前一句用的是一般过去时，空处所表示的动作发生在前一句之前，即发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
25．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个春节你去庙会了吗？没有，我以前去过多次了。根据句意可知，动作发生在过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时。故选B项。
26．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：河内宣布，它受到了快速传播的H1N1病毒的袭击，该病毒已经袭击了附近的其他国家。结合语境可知，第一空描述的是过去正在进行的被动动作，故用过去进行时的被动语态；第二空描述的是过去某一时间前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。故选A。
27．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管他在那个城市生活了15年，他还是在2007年回到了巴黎。由主句的谓语动词returned可知，从句的谓语动词需用过去完成时态：had done，表示过去的过去发生的动作，此处表示的是2007年前在那个城市生活了15年。故选D。
28．C
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：媒体报道说，这些公司把污染当作烫手山芋。A. have treated 属于现在完成时；B. will treat 属于一般将来时；C. had treated 属于过去完成时；D. were treated 一般过去时的被动语态。固定搭配treat…as…“把……当成……对待”，主句的谓语用了一般过去时，从句的谓语发生在主句的谓语动作发生之前，故从句的谓语应用过去完成时。故选C。
29．D
【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：我本想早一点向你道歉，但因为上次吵架后你一直回避见我，所以没能道歉。根据句意及failed可知，第一空表示“打算道歉”发生在道歉之前，用过去完成时had done结构。intend to do打算做某事，固定结构，动词不定式作宾语；根据since we last quarreled可知，第二空用现在完成时，强调“一直回避见面”用现在完成进行时have/has been doing。avoid doing避免做，固定结构，动名词作宾语。故选D项。
30．C
【详解】考查连词和时态。句意：我正要打开公寓的门，突然意识到我把钥匙忘在办公室了。be about to do ... when ...正要做某事的时候，突然……。从句中的动作发生在主句过去动作 realized之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故选C。
31．C
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：——你找到爱丽丝的家有困难吗 ——不难，她给我们指明了方向，很容易就找到了。设空处在句中做谓语，结合句意可知该动作发生在“过去的过去”。应用过去完成时。故答案为C项。
32．B
【详解】考查时态和一般疑问句，句意：—你在派对上看到Tom了吗？—没看到，我到之前他就离开了。此处是对过去的事情进行提问，应用一般过去时，did位于句首。根据by the time I arrived，表示我到达之前，此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选B项。
33．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：当被问到为什么偷手机时，年轻人只是看着警察，什么也没说。why引导宾语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语动词steal发生在主句谓语looked at and said之前，即“过去的过去”，steal用过去完成时。故选A项。
34．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析及时态。句意：我们又累又饿，也不懂中文，不知道怎么点菜，所以厨师就开始在我们的桌子上摆满我们吃过的最好的食物。tired (疲倦的)，tiring (累人的)，修饰形容人，常用-ed结尾形容词，修饰物，常用-ing结尾形容词，此处说明主语we的状态，应用-ed结尾形容词tired，作状语；先行词the best food后接省略关系词的定语从句we ________，定语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语eat发生在主句谓语began之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
35．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学了2000个英语单词。根据句中By the end of last term可知，此处指截至到上学期末，指“过去之过去”，所以空白处的时态用过去完成时。故选B。
36．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：比尔原打算60岁退休，但他的同事说服他再呆几年。设空处为谓语，根据下文的persuaded 可推知发生在“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，故选D。
37．B
【详解】考查时态，句意：格林先生问莉莉前一天她是否通过了考试。yesterday和一般过去时连用；before用在完成时态中，但是“前天”应表达成the day before (yesterday)。本句中主句的谓语为asked，所以表示过去问；宾语从句使用了过去完成时had passed，所以时间状语应为表示“过去之过去”，选项B符合题意，故选B。
38．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：—你对电影的结局感到惊讶吗 —不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。由I already knew the story可知，说话人已经看过那本书，knew是过去式，因此“看书”这个动作发生在过去的过去，时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选B。
39．D
【详解】考查过去完成时时态。句意：史密斯博士上个月退休前在这所大学工作了20多年。A. worked 过去式；B.was working 动词的过去进行时；C.has worked 动词的现在完成时；D.had worked 动词的过去完成时。before引导的从句中谓语动词retired是过去时，根据句意可知史密斯博在退休前已经在大学工作了二十多年，主句的谓语动词work发生在从句的动作之前应用过去完成时had worked，故选D项。
40．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他去机场接妻子，但她在他到达之前就走了。根据后文before his arrival可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
41．D
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：他几乎不敢相信，早期识别这些孩子的特殊教育需求会对他们产生如此大的影响。第一空，hardly位于句首，句子需用部分倒装，此处谓语动词为实义动词，且为一般过去时，应在主语he之前添加助动词did；第二空，make在从句中作谓语，发生在主句谓语believed之前，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选D。
42．C
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他一筹够钱就赶紧给孩子们买礼物。No sooner had sb. done sth. than sb. did sth.为固定句型，意为“某人一…就…”。其中no sooner 后使用过去完成时，且要部分倒装。故选C项。
43．D
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这是我第一次与总统面对面交谈。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“It was the +序数词+ time + that从句”，意为“某人第……次做某事”，此时从句应用过去完成时，句式为“主语+had+动词过去分词”，talk的过去分词为talked。故选D项。
44．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：早晨我们来上班，结果发现有人晚上闯入过办公室。根据上文的arrived和found可知，空格处的动作发生在found之前，表示“过去的过去”的动作，故用过去完成时。故选B。
【点睛】
45．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你看起来很累。你怎么了 ——今天运气真差!当我到达机场时，飞机已经离开了。by the time+一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。故选D项。
46．A
【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：你为什么要放弃攻读硕士学位呢？——我原本打算进一步学习，但我必须挣钱养家。表示“打算、计划、希望、认为”等的动词用于过去完成时表示“本打算（本计划、本希望、本认为）做而没做”。根据上文可知，没有攻读硕士学位，下文解释说要挣钱养家，因此推断原本打算进一步学习，但是没有。故用过去完成时。故选A。
【点睛】
47．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我万万没有想到我会遇到这么多问题。under no circumstances意为“绝不”，表示否定，放在句首，句子要用部分到装，met这一动作发生在过去，expect发生在它之前，所以要用过去完成时，部分倒装时将助动词had置于主语之前。故选C项。
48．B
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：据说经理已经从北京回来了，他在北京见了一些重要的合作伙伴。根据“is said to have arrived back”可知，经理从北京回来是发生在过去的事情，“在北京见了一些重要的合作伙伴”是发生在经理回来之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选B。
49．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：爱迪生到十岁的时候，已经做了许多化学实验。根据时间状语“By the time he was ten”可知，空处谓语动词需用过去完成时态，表示在10岁之前发生的事情，即“过去的过去”。故选D。
50．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经读完了这本书。分析可知，设空处缺少一个谓语动词，再根据“By the end of last term”，表示到上学期末，所以设空处应该是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时态，had+动词的过去分词，所以had finished符合题意，表示读完了这本书，故选B。
51．D
【详解】考查时态辨析。句意：到2010年底，他已经在 NBA 呆了9年。根据本句中的时间状语“By the end of 2010”，可知，时间为截止到2010年底之前，所以动作表示过去之过去，因此主句的时态要用过去完成时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为过去完成时。故选D。
52．C
【详解】考查连词和时态。句意：但是即使是已经赢得了自己体操项目上能赢得的一切，李宁依然还是带着一种失败的感觉退役了。根据句意，可知逗号前后两句话之间是让步关系，应用从属连词even though；第二个空格是同位语从句 that he _____中的谓语动词，且动词fail发生在retired 之前，也就是过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选C。
53．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：等我们到家时，那人已经在门上贴了张纸条走了，纸条上写着:“我明天再来。”由by+the time+表示过去的时间状语从句可知，主句动作发生在时间状语之前，应该用过去完成时，结构是had+动词过去分词。故选C项。
54．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个国家一开放边界，一大波难民就涌进来了，这给当地的社会保障体系增加了很严峻的压力。scarcely...when...表示“一......就”，在此句型中，scarcely所在主句应该用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。故选D。
55．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：脱口秀的制片人否认这个玩笑太具有冒犯性，坚持说他们原本只是打算增加一点幽默。had meant to do，意思是“过去原本打算做”。结合语境，脱口秀是过去的事情，制片人的打算也是过去的语境中发生的，再结合语义，表示“制片人过去原本打算”，故选B。
56．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然我们在自然灾害中失去了很多，但我们能与家人在一起的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。结合句意，可知从句的动作发生在谓语动词gave之前，为“过去的过去”应用过去完成时，故答案为B。
57．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：当年轻人被问到他为什么违反法律时，他只是看着警察，什么也没说。此处的动词break发生在looked和said之前，即break发生在“过去的过去”，应该使用过去完成时，表现形式为had broken。故选B项。
58．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们的失败表明他们在考试前根本没有复习功课。分析句子结构，that they ________ the lessons before the test at all.是一个宾语从句，主句用的一般过去时，从句要使用相应的过去的时态，“他们没有复习功课”这个动作发生在“他们失败表明”这个动作之前，宾语从句中，用过去完成时，即had + 过去分词，go的过去分词是gone。故选B项。
59．B
【详解】考查形容词和动词时态。句意：她脸上困惑的表情表明她不太明白老师的解释。第一空用形容词修饰名词expression，confusing“令人困惑的”，confused“困惑的”，此处指人困惑而发出表情，所以用ed结尾的形容词。第二个空not understand的动作发生在showed前，应该用过去完成时。故选B。
60．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第一次来到天津这个新的沿海地区，天津的快速发展给他留下了深刻印象。分析题意，根据固定搭配It +be+the +序数词+time+that（某人第几次做某事）可知，若be动词为was时，从句的动词用过去完成时。故此处的时态为过去完成时。综合分析，故选C项。
单项选择
1．Hardly_____ to sit and have a rest when the phone________.
A．she had had time; rang B．she had time; had rang
C．had she had time; rang D．did she had time; had rang
2．“I didn’ t know my daughter was to lead the dance until I saw her on the live broadcast,” said Ye Hongjie. She added that before the ceremony what she________ was only that she was going to attend the ceremony.
A．knew B．has known
C．had known D．knowing
3．It was the first time that she ______ in public.
A．sung B．had sung C．has sung D．have sung
4．By the end of last semester, we_________the three compulsory English textbooks.
A．had covered B．have covered C．covered D．covering
5．Mr. White, who I ______ to the south of France, still lives in London.
A．think to have moved B．think had moved
C．thought have moved D．thought had moved
6．The third live class from China’s space station ________ when I turned on the TV.
A．began B．had been begun C．had begun D．has begun
7．He ________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.
A．had learned B．would have learned
C．will learn D．has learned
8．I knew I ______ a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do.
A．choose B．chose C．had chosen D．will choose
9．Peter to take up the offer, but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time.
A．was intended B．was intending C．had intended D．has been intending
10．The manager got to the company hurriedly, only to find that he his laptop and files at home.
A．left B．was leaving C．had left D．has left
11．No sooner I finished doing the nucleic acid testing I felt like throwing up(呕吐). How I wish we could go back to the days without COVID-19.
A．did, when B．had, than C．had, when D．did, than
12．Jack ________ Chinese for two years in the Confucius College of Canada before he came to TEDA Club.
A．has studied B．studied C．had studied D．was studying.
13．He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ______ her somewhere.
A．saw B．has seen C．had seen D．was seeing
14．He kept looking at the girl, wondering_________
A．where he has seen her before
B．where had he seen her before
C．where has he seen her before
D．where he had seen her before
15．The newly-built school was much bigger than she ______ at first.
A．was thinking B．thought
C．had thought D．has thought
16．When Robert got to the third floor on foot, he found that he ________ his keys in the car.
A．was leaving B．had left C．would leave D．had been leaving
17．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ________ for years.
A．haven’t seen B．hadn’t seen C．saw D．have seen
18．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I for years.
A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see
19．—Were you surprised by the ending of the film, Uncharted 4
—I ________ the book it is based on, so I already knew the story.
A．am reading B．reads C．had read D．was reading
20．It was the first time in six attempts that Peters ______the world champion.
A．has beaten B．was beaten
C．beat D．had beaten
21．—What happened to her new car
—No sooner ______ it than someone ran into her.
A．had she bought B．did she bought C．she bought D．she had bought
22．When he lost his job because of carelessness, he felt he had _____ his family.
A．fell B．featured C．failed D．figured
23．Mary had a great talent for writing. By the time she was 16, she ________ three books about teenagers.
A．wrote B．would write C．had written D．has written
24．The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _________ before.
A．hasn’t flown B．didn’t fly C．hadn’t flown D．wasn’t flying
25．---Did you go to the Temple Fair during this Spring Festival
---I didn’t. I ______ there many times before.
A．was B．had been C．has been D．would be
26．Hanoi declared that it ________by fast-spreading H1N1, which ________other countries nearby.
A．was being struck, had hit B．has been struck, had hit
C．has been struck, has hit D．will be struck, has hit
27．Although he ________in that city for 15 years, he, in 2007, returned to Paris.
A．lived B．has lived
C．would live D．had lived
28．The media reported that these companies ______ pollution as hot potato.
A．have treated B．will treat C．had treated D．were treated
29．I ______ an apology to you earlier, but failed because you ______ me since we last quarreled.
A．intended to make, had avoided meeting
B．intended to have made, had avoided to meet
C．had intended making, have avoided to meet
D．had intended to make, have been avoiding meeting
30．I was about to unlock the door of my flat ______ I realized I ______ my keys in my office.
A．then, had left B．that, have left C．when, had left D．when, left
31．—Did you have difficulty finding Alice's house
—Not really, She_________us clear directions and we could find it easily.
A．would give B．was giving C．had given D．will give
32．—________ Tom at the party
—No.He ________ by the time I arrived.
A．Have you seen; was to leave B．Did you see; had left
C．Did you see; should have left D．Have you seen; left
33．The young man, when questioned why he ______ the mobile phone, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.
A．had stolen B．stole C．steals D．was stealing
34．________, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we ________.
A．Tiring, had eaten B．Tiring, haven’t eaten
C．Tired, had eaten D．Tired, didn’t eat
35．By the end of last term, we ________ 2000 English words.
A．have learnt B．had learnt C．learnt D．would learn
36．Bill________ to retire at 60, but his colleagues persuaded him to stay on for a few more years.
A．would expect B．has expected C．expected D．had expected
37．Mr. Green asked Lily whether she had passed the exam________.
A．yesterday B．the day before C．the day ago D．before the day
38．—Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—No, I________ the book, so I already knew the story
A．was reading B．had read C．am reading D．have read
39．Doctor Smith ________ in the university for more than 20 years before he retired last month.
A．worked B．was working C．has worked D．had worked
40．He went to the airport to pick up his wife, but she ______ before his arrival.
A．left B．has left C．had left D．was leaving
41．Hardly________ that the early identification of those children’s special educational needs________ such a huge difference to them.
A．he believed; made B．did he believe; made
C．he believes; had made D．did he believe; had made
42．No sooner ________ enough money than he rushed to buy the children some gifts.
A．did he raise B．he raised C．had he raised D．he had raised
43．It was the first time that I ________ (talk) face to face with the president.
A．talk B．have talked C．talked D．had talked
44．We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ________ into the office during the night.
A．broke B．had broken C．has broken D．was breaking
45．---You look very tired. What's wrong with you
---How bad luck today is! By the time I arrived at the airport, the plane________.
A．left B．was leaving C．has left D．had left
46．—Why did you abandon pursuing a master degree
—I ________ to study further, but I had to earn money to support my family.
A．had intended B．intend C．would intend D．Was intended
47．Under no circumstances________ I met so many problems.
A．I would expect B．expected I
C．had I expected D．I had expected
48．The manager is said to have arrived back from Beijing where he ______ some important partners.
A．would meet B．had met C．meets D．is meeting
49．By the time he was ten, Edison________ many experiments in chemistry.
A．did B．would do C．was doing D．had done
50．By the end of last term we ________the book.
A．finished B．had finished C．finish D．have finished
51．By the end of 2010, he ______ in NBA for nine years.
A．plays B．played C．has played D．had played
52．But ________ he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he ________.
A．even though; was failed B．after; failed
C．even though; had failed D．after; has failed
53．By the time we got home, the man _______ with a note on the door, saying “I’ll come tomorrow.”
A．left B．has left C．had left D．would leave
54．The country ______ its borders when a wave of refugees ______ in, which put a severe strain on its social welfare system.
A．scarcely opened; flooded B．had scarcely opened; had flooded
C．scarcely opened; had flooded D．had scarcely opened; flooded
55．The producers of the talk show denied that the joke was too offensive, insisting that they merely ______ add a slight touch of humor.
A．have meant to B．had meant to C．were meant to D．mean to
56．Even though we ______ a lot due to the natural disaster, moments when we could be together with our family gave us hope for the future.
A．have lost B．had lost C．were losing D．would lose
57．The young man, when questioned why he _______ the law, just looked at the policeman and said nothing.
A．broke B．had broken C．won’t know D．haven’t known
58．Their failure suggested that they ________ the lessons before the test at all.
A．didn’t go over B．hadn’t gone over
C．hadn’t went over D．haven’t gone over
59．The _________ expression on her face showed that she _________ her teacher’s explanation.
A．confusing; wouldn’t quite understand B．confused; hadn’t quite understood
C．confusing; hadn’t quite understood D．confused; shouldn’t quite understand
60．It was the first time that he__________the New Coastal Area of Tianjin and was so impressed by its fast development.
A．have visited B．visited C．had visited D．would visit
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：她刚想坐下来休息一会儿，电话就响了。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“主语+had hardly done…when+主语+did”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时，“Hardly”位于句首，句要用部分倒装，“had”提前，故空格一填“had she had time”，从句用一般过去时，故空格二填“rang”。故选C项。
2．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：Ye Hongjie说：“直到我在直播中看到女儿，我才知道她要领舞。”她补充说，在典礼之前，她只知道她要参加这个典礼。由“before the ceremony”可知，她在典礼之前就已经知道自己要参加这个典礼，分析句子可知，典礼是过去发生的事情，空格处用过去完成时，表示过去的过去的动作，故选C。
3．B
【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句意：这是她第一次在公众面前唱歌。It was the first time that…意为“某人第一次做某事”，固定句型，that从句谓语动词应使用过去完成时。故选B项。
4．A
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学完了三本必修英语教材。A. had covered已经涉及，已经学习（过去完成时）；B. have covered已经涉及，已经学习（现在完成时）；C. covered涉及了，学习了（一般过去时）；D. covering涉及，学习（现在分词/动名词）。分析可知，所填动词为句中的谓语动词，结合时间状语“By the end of last semester”可知，应是过去完成时。故选A项。
5．D
【详解】考查时态和插入语。句意：怀特先生，我以为他已搬到法国南部去了，但他仍住在伦敦。观察选项可知，I think在句中作插入语，move的动作发生在think之前，因此正确答案是thought had moved，表示“我过去以为他已经搬去了法国”，故选D。
6．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：第三堂来自中国空间站的直播课在我打开电视前已经开始了。根据动词turned可知，打开电视机发生在过去，且课程在此之此之前就开始了，是过去的过去，应使用过去完成时态，又class与begin之间为主动关系，故选C。
7．A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他15岁进入大学时，他已经学了超过5000个英语单词。空处在句中为主句的谓语，结合时间状语从句“when he entered the university at the age of 15”可知，他在上大学的时候，学到的单词已经超过了5000，所以表示的是过去之过去，因此空处的时态为过去完成时。故选A。
8．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我的工作。分析语境，主句动词时态为一般过去时，此句为宾语从句，此句应该是基于过去时态的过去完成时，表达“过去的过去我已经选择了”，had chosen符合题意。故选C项。
9．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：彼得本打算接受这份工作，但由于通勤时间太长，他最终拒绝了。根据后文but finally rejected it due to the long commuting time.可知，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
10．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：经理匆忙赶到公司，结果却发现他把笔记本电脑和文件忘在家里了。分析句子可知got to the company用的是一般过去时，电脑和文件落家里应该是到办公室之前，所以用过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选C。
11．B
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：刚做完核酸检测，我就想吐。我多么希望我们能回到没有新冠病毒的日子。表示“一……就……”句型为no sooner…than…，且no sooner位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装，此处用过去完成时，应将had提前。故选B。
12．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在来到TEDA俱乐部之前，杰克曾在加拿大孔子学院学习了两年中文。根据文中“before he came to TEDA Club”可知，学习是发生在“过去的过去”的事情，“for two years”也是提示，所以用过去完成时。故选C项。
13．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他一直看着她，想知道是否在什么地方见过她。由kept可知，“他看着她”是发生在过去的动作，“是否在什么地方见过她”这个动作应该是发生在过去的过去，因此空格处用过去完成时，故选C。
14．D
【详解】考查宾语从句的语序和时态呼应。句意：他一直看着那个女孩，想知道以前在哪里见过她。分析句子结构可知，where引导的是宾语从句，而从句的语序应该是陈述语序，故排除B项和C项，主句部分用的是一般过去时，所以从句需用过去的某种时态，所以从句应用过去完成时。故选D项。
15．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这所新建的学校比她起初想的要大得多。分析句子可知，句子为“than”引导的比较状语从句，根据句中“was”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句“想”的动作发生在主句动作之前，故应用过去完成时，谓语动词为“had done”，“think”的过去分词为“thought”，故空格处应填“had thought”。故选C项。
16．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：当罗伯特步行到三楼时，他发现他把钥匙忘在车里了。结合语境可知，leave发生在found之前，即“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选B。
17．B
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：走在街上，我遇到了多年未见的大卫。根据“I came across David”可知，多年未见大卫是发生在过去之前的事情，所以应用过去完成时。故选B。
18．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我在街上走的时候，我遇到了大卫，我已经多年没见到他了。A. didn’t see没有看见（一般过去时）；B. haven’t seen已经没看见（现在完成时）；C. hadn’t seen已经没看见（过去完成时）；D. wouldn’t see没看见（过去将来时）。根据时间状语for years可知，句子应用完成时态，且根据came使用过去式形式可知，主句使用一般过去时，see这一动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
19．C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你对电影《神秘海域4》的结局感到惊讶吗？——我看过原著，所以我已经知道故事了。空处缺少谓语动词，read这个动作发生在knew之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时。故选C。
20．D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是彼得斯六次尝试中第一次击败世界冠军。此句考查句型It was the first time + that从句，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，从句要用过去完成时。故选D项。
21．A
【详解】考查固定句型和部分倒装。句意：——她的新车怎么了？——她刚买就被撞上了。结合句意可知，此处为固定句型no sooner...than...“一……就……，刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；当no sooner位于句首时，主语要部分倒装，将助动词had置于主语之前。故选A。
22．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他因为粗心大意而失去工作时，他觉得自己辜负了家人。A. fell跌倒，减少；B. featured以……为特色；C. failed辜负，使失望；D. figured认为，理解，弄懂，计算。由语意可知，他丢了工作，所以他觉得这件事使他的家人失望，fail符合语境；此处应用动词过去分词形式与助动词had组合为过去完成时态，表示动作发生在felt之前。故选C项。
23．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：玛丽很有写作天赋。到16岁时，她已经写了三本关于青少年的书。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据“By the time she was 16”可知，时态用过去完成时态。故选C。
24．C
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：在飞机上坐在我旁边的年轻女孩很紧张。她以前没有坐过飞机。分析句子可知，前一句用的是一般过去时，空处所表示的动作发生在前一句之前，即发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
25．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个春节你去庙会了吗？没有，我以前去过多次了。根据句意可知，动作发生在过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时。故选B项。
26．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：河内宣布，它受到了快速传播的H1N1病毒的袭击，该病毒已经袭击了附近的其他国家。结合语境可知，第一空描述的是过去正在进行的被动动作，故用过去进行时的被动语态；第二空描述的是过去某一时间前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。故选A。
27．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：尽管他在那个城市生活了15年，他还是在2007年回到了巴黎。由主句的谓语动词returned可知，从句的谓语动词需用过去完成时态：had done，表示过去的过去发生的动作，此处表示的是2007年前在那个城市生活了15年。故选D。
28．C
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：媒体报道说，这些公司把污染当作烫手山芋。A. have treated 属于现在完成时；B. will treat 属于一般将来时；C. had treated 属于过去完成时；D. were treated 一般过去时的被动语态。固定搭配treat…as…“把……当成……对待”，主句的谓语用了一般过去时，从句的谓语发生在主句的谓语动作发生之前，故从句的谓语应用过去完成时。故选C。
29．D
【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：我本想早一点向你道歉，但因为上次吵架后你一直回避见我，所以没能道歉。根据句意及failed可知，第一空表示“打算道歉”发生在道歉之前，用过去完成时had done结构。intend to do打算做某事，固定结构，动词不定式作宾语；根据since we last quarreled可知，第二空用现在完成时，强调“一直回避见面”用现在完成进行时have/has been doing。avoid doing避免做，固定结构，动名词作宾语。故选D项。
30．C
【详解】考查连词和时态。句意：我正要打开公寓的门，突然意识到我把钥匙忘在办公室了。be about to do ... when ...正要做某事的时候，突然……。从句中的动作发生在主句过去动作 realized之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故选C。
31．C
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：——你找到爱丽丝的家有困难吗 ——不难，她给我们指明了方向，很容易就找到了。设空处在句中做谓语，结合句意可知该动作发生在“过去的过去”。应用过去完成时。故答案为C项。
32．B
【详解】考查时态和一般疑问句，句意：—你在派对上看到Tom了吗？—没看到，我到之前他就离开了。此处是对过去的事情进行提问，应用一般过去时，did位于句首。根据by the time I arrived，表示我到达之前，此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选B项。
33．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：当被问到为什么偷手机时，年轻人只是看着警察，什么也没说。why引导宾语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语动词steal发生在主句谓语looked at and said之前，即“过去的过去”，steal用过去完成时。故选A项。
34．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析及时态。句意：我们又累又饿，也不懂中文，不知道怎么点菜，所以厨师就开始在我们的桌子上摆满我们吃过的最好的食物。tired (疲倦的)，tiring (累人的)，修饰形容人，常用-ed结尾形容词，修饰物，常用-ing结尾形容词，此处说明主语we的状态，应用-ed结尾形容词tired，作状语；先行词the best food后接省略关系词的定语从句we ________，定语从句缺乏谓语，从句谓语eat发生在主句谓语began之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选C项。
35．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经学了2000个英语单词。根据句中By the end of last term可知，此处指截至到上学期末，指“过去之过去”，所以空白处的时态用过去完成时。故选B。
36．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：比尔原打算60岁退休，但他的同事说服他再呆几年。设空处为谓语，根据下文的persuaded 可推知发生在“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，故选D。
37．B
【详解】考查时态，句意：格林先生问莉莉前一天她是否通过了考试。yesterday和一般过去时连用；before用在完成时态中，但是“前天”应表达成the day before (yesterday)。本句中主句的谓语为asked，所以表示过去问；宾语从句使用了过去完成时had passed，所以时间状语应为表示“过去之过去”，选项B符合题意，故选B。
38．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：—你对电影的结局感到惊讶吗 —不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。由I already knew the story可知，说话人已经看过那本书，knew是过去式，因此“看书”这个动作发生在过去的过去，时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选B。
39．D
【详解】考查过去完成时时态。句意：史密斯博士上个月退休前在这所大学工作了20多年。A. worked 过去式；B.was working 动词的过去进行时；C.has worked 动词的现在完成时；D.had worked 动词的过去完成时。before引导的从句中谓语动词retired是过去时，根据句意可知史密斯博在退休前已经在大学工作了二十多年，主句的谓语动词work发生在从句的动作之前应用过去完成时had worked，故选D项。
40．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他去机场接妻子，但她在他到达之前就走了。根据后文before his arrival可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选C。
41．D
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：他几乎不敢相信，早期识别这些孩子的特殊教育需求会对他们产生如此大的影响。第一空，hardly位于句首，句子需用部分倒装，此处谓语动词为实义动词，且为一般过去时，应在主语he之前添加助动词did；第二空，make在从句中作谓语，发生在主句谓语believed之前，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故选D。
42．C
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他一筹够钱就赶紧给孩子们买礼物。No sooner had sb. done sth. than sb. did sth.为固定句型，意为“某人一…就…”。其中no sooner 后使用过去完成时，且要部分倒装。故选C项。
43．D
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这是我第一次与总统面对面交谈。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“It was the +序数词+ time + that从句”，意为“某人第……次做某事”，此时从句应用过去完成时，句式为“主语+had+动词过去分词”，talk的过去分词为talked。故选D项。
44．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：早晨我们来上班，结果发现有人晚上闯入过办公室。根据上文的arrived和found可知，空格处的动作发生在found之前，表示“过去的过去”的动作，故用过去完成时。故选B。
【点睛】
45．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你看起来很累。你怎么了 ——今天运气真差!当我到达机场时，飞机已经离开了。by the time+一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。故选D项。
46．A
【详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：你为什么要放弃攻读硕士学位呢？——我原本打算进一步学习，但我必须挣钱养家。表示“打算、计划、希望、认为”等的动词用于过去完成时表示“本打算（本计划、本希望、本认为）做而没做”。根据上文可知，没有攻读硕士学位，下文解释说要挣钱养家，因此推断原本打算进一步学习，但是没有。故用过去完成时。故选A。
【点睛】
47．C
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我万万没有想到我会遇到这么多问题。under no circumstances意为“绝不”，表示否定，放在句首，句子要用部分到装，met这一动作发生在过去，expect发生在它之前，所以要用过去完成时，部分倒装时将助动词had置于主语之前。故选C项。
48．B
【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：据说经理已经从北京回来了，他在北京见了一些重要的合作伙伴。根据“is said to have arrived back”可知，经理从北京回来是发生在过去的事情，“在北京见了一些重要的合作伙伴”是发生在经理回来之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选B。
49．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：爱迪生到十岁的时候，已经做了许多化学实验。根据时间状语“By the time he was ten”可知，空处谓语动词需用过去完成时态，表示在10岁之前发生的事情，即“过去的过去”。故选D。
50．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：到上学期末，我们已经读完了这本书。分析可知，设空处缺少一个谓语动词，再根据“By the end of last term”，表示到上学期末，所以设空处应该是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时态，had+动词的过去分词，所以had finished符合题意，表示读完了这本书，故选B。
51．D
【详解】考查时态辨析。句意：到2010年底，他已经在 NBA 呆了9年。根据本句中的时间状语“By the end of 2010”，可知，时间为截止到2010年底之前，所以动作表示过去之过去，因此主句的时态要用过去完成时。选项A为一般现在时；选项B为一般过去时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为过去完成时。故选D。
52．C
【详解】考查连词和时态。句意：但是即使是已经赢得了自己体操项目上能赢得的一切，李宁依然还是带着一种失败的感觉退役了。根据句意，可知逗号前后两句话之间是让步关系，应用从属连词even though；第二个空格是同位语从句 that he _____中的谓语动词，且动词fail发生在retired 之前，也就是过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选C。
53．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：等我们到家时，那人已经在门上贴了张纸条走了，纸条上写着:“我明天再来。”由by+the time+表示过去的时间状语从句可知，主句动作发生在时间状语之前，应该用过去完成时，结构是had+动词过去分词。故选C项。
54．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：这个国家一开放边界，一大波难民就涌进来了，这给当地的社会保障体系增加了很严峻的压力。scarcely...when...表示“一......就”，在此句型中，scarcely所在主句应该用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。故选D。
55．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：脱口秀的制片人否认这个玩笑太具有冒犯性，坚持说他们原本只是打算增加一点幽默。had meant to do，意思是“过去原本打算做”。结合语境，脱口秀是过去的事情，制片人的打算也是过去的语境中发生的，再结合语义，表示“制片人过去原本打算”，故选B。
56．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然我们在自然灾害中失去了很多，但我们能与家人在一起的时刻给了我们对未来的希望。结合句意，可知从句的动作发生在谓语动词gave之前，为“过去的过去”应用过去完成时，故答案为B。
57．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：当年轻人被问到他为什么违反法律时，他只是看着警察，什么也没说。此处的动词break发生在looked和said之前，即break发生在“过去的过去”，应该使用过去完成时，表现形式为had broken。故选B项。
58．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们的失败表明他们在考试前根本没有复习功课。分析句子结构，that they ________ the lessons before the test at all.是一个宾语从句，主句用的一般过去时，从句要使用相应的过去的时态，“他们没有复习功课”这个动作发生在“他们失败表明”这个动作之前，宾语从句中，用过去完成时，即had + 过去分词，go的过去分词是gone。故选B项。
59．B
【详解】考查形容词和动词时态。句意：她脸上困惑的表情表明她不太明白老师的解释。第一空用形容词修饰名词expression，confusing“令人困惑的”，confused“困惑的”，此处指人困惑而发出表情，所以用ed结尾的形容词。第二个空not understand的动作发生在showed前，应该用过去完成时。故选B。
60．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：这是他第一次来到天津这个新的沿海地区，天津的快速发展给他留下了深刻印象。分析题意，根据固定搭配It +be+the +序数词+time+that（某人第几次做某事）可知，若be动词为was时，从句的动词用过去完成时。故此处的时态为过去完成时。综合分析，故选C项。