高考英语名词专项训练（含答案）
图片预览
文档简介
名词
单项选择
1．Of the two _______ I’d like to choose _______ expensive one.
A．handkerchiefs ... a less B．handkerchieves ... a least
C．handkerchiefs ... the less D．handkerchieves ... the least
2．He liked thick haggis soup, nutty bacon, ________ roast duck, liver ________ fried in olive oil and lamb kebab.
A．stuffed; slice B．stuffing; slices
C．stuffing; slice D．stuffed; slices
3．With the development of its economy, Beijing has changed _______ in the last five years.
A．within recognization B．beyond recognization
C．beyond recognition D．within recognition
4．All the schools should take into consideration the important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes—all things that contribute to ________.
A．improve the students’ sense of well-being
B．the students’ sense of well-being to be improved
C．having improve the students’ sense of well-being
D．the improvement of the students’ sense of well-being
5．They use Mr./Mrs. with the family name.
A．谓语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．宾补
6．Which of the underlined parts is not a noun phrase
A．The first week is a little confusing.
B．The Maths task is not a piece of cake.
C．The Chinese teacher in green joined the party.
D．I think she is the most beautiful girl in my class.
7．We should attach ________ to children’s mental health.
A．much important B．much importance
C．many importance D．many importantly
8．Basketball is a team game, where _________ between the team members is the key to victory.
A．tournament B．expectation C．cooperation D．entertainment
9．Four__________ and two__________ attended the meeting.
A．Englishmen; Germen
B．Englishmen; Germans
C．Englishmans ;Germen
D．Englishmans;Germans
10．Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
A．品质，性格 B．特点 C．人物角色 D．文字
11．He is _______ as a leader but he hasn’t _______ in teaching.
A．a success; much experience B．success; many experiences
C．success; an experience D．a success; a lot of experiences
12．—Did you see the new TV show “House of the Dragon” It’s said to be ______ great fun.
—No, I’ve been busy repairing all the office ______ these days.
A．/; equipment B．/; equipments
C．a; equipment D．a; equipments
13．That yellow scarf belongs to Betty.
A．gives to Betty’s B．belongs to Betty’s
C．is Betty’s D．comes to Betty
14．请选出单词复数形式全对的一组。
A．potatoes photoes heroes tomatoes
B．cities countries factories holidaies
C．lives leaves roofs knives
D．books foots looks cooks
15．It was really ________ to get a present from him on her birthday party that she couldn’t believe it, looking at him in ________.
A．such big surprise; a surprise B．such a big surprise; surprise
C．so big a surprise; a surprise D．so big surprise; surprise
16．The government’s strong actions demonstrated our _________ to uphold One-China principle.
A．energy B．resistance C．courage D．determination
17．—In China, we usually share mooncakes with our families on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
—That’s interesting! I want to know more about Chinese _________.
A．traditions B．sentences C．notices D．advantages
18．The movie named A Little Red Flower shows ________ love for their children.
A．parent B．parent’s C．parent’ D．parents’
19．This is a famous movie and I have seen it twice in the ________.
A．bank B．cinema C．supermarket D．library
20．—Would you like some ________
—No, thank you. I’m not hungry at all.
A．tea B．water C．bread D．coffee
21．In some cities, minibuses offer a(an) ___________ to expensive taxis and crowded pubic transport.
A．resource B．registration C．alternative D．breakthrough
22．It is said that dogs will keep you ______ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A．safety B．company C．comfortable D．friend
23．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A．project B．commitment C．complaint D．ambition
24．You can improve your ________ and memory if you scan the material first.
A．compassion B．compensation C．comprehension D．consumption
25．Through ______, many people win success out of what seems to be certain failure.
A．property B．perspective C．perseverance D．procedure
26．The Palace Museum houses a large collection of ________.
A．cuisines B．antiques C．mascots D．excerpts
27．Nowadays the ________ of travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A．autonomy B．barrier C．prospect D．priority
28．Disabled visitors are welcome; there is good wheelchair to most facilities.
A．function B．tension C．reaction D．access
29．He left such a great ________on his teachers that all of them could remember him after many years.
A．attraction B．profession C．impression D．radiation
30．In many ways my ________ has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.
A．inability B．unable C．disabled D．disability
31．We owe them a debt of________for all the help they’ve given us.
A．commitment B．greeting C．harvest D．gratitude
32．Michelin is now living on a ________ NT$100 per day. He cannot afford any recreational activities.
A．division B．restriction C．measure D．budget
33．We hope the trend continues, until such aural excursions become a regular happening rather than a rare________.
A．career B．relief C．treat D．hustle
34．Solar energy is now a fast growing ______ of power.
A．source B．sense C．result D．root
35．You are not to take photos in the museum without ______.
A．occasion B．contribution C．impression D．permission
36．To help the wild animals survive, we need to preserve their .
A．garbage B．dormitories C．habitats D．antiques
37．Many of these "inventions" have already been for quite some time.
A．in existence B．in advance C．in particular D．in conclusion
38．If you drive from the airport, go on the motorway and follow the ______.
A．signs B．ways C．points D．designs
39．Efforts have been made to prevent the ______ of the pandas, which makes the number of the animal increase greatly.
A．campaign B．souvenir C．extinction D．amusement
40．As is often suggested, we should try to deal with everything in a peaceful way rather than by means of ______.
A．force B．strength C．power D．energy
41．There is a growing ________ among employers to hire casual staff.
A．tendency B．component C．profile D．expansion
42．People were moved by the clear, logical ______ of her arguments.
A．documentary B．responsibility C．presentation D．embarrassment
43．This battery can last longer, keeping your smart phone in ________.
A．discount B．distance C．shape D．charge
44．The attack has caused severe damage to enemy’s ________ forces.
A．magical B．mixture C．modest D．military
45．The police chief stood trial(审判) in New York on Tuesday, charged with ________ of power.
A．abuse B．absence C．agenda D．advantage
46．Individual contribution to this project is important to environmental ________.
A．challenge B．satisfaction C．conservation D．measure
47．Shortly after graduating from university, Simon acquired a ________ as an excellent consultant.
A．reputation B．influence C．impression D．knowledge
48．The club is currently planning several ________ to accommodate golfers who seek pleasure and leisure in a quiet place.
A．dimensions B．inspirations C．competitions D．expansions
49．Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.
A．interest B．attitude C．competence D．reputation
50．—Will you show me how to download these songs
—Press “Enter” and follow the on screen________.
A．information B．instructions
C．advice D．descriptions
51．Having been put into prison because of stealing, she has to endure ten months’ loss of ________.
A．departure B．nutrient C．variation D．liberty
52．Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your ________; most people don’t want to eat a lot after exercise.
A．process B．motivation C．appetite D．contributor
53．There are deep ________ among the neighbors over how to deal with the household garbage.
A．approvals B．divisions C．statistics D．minorities
54．An important negative effect of ______ is that it can hurt the person being talked about.
A．globe B．grill C．gossip D．garage
55．If we can have one more month to prepare, it means that there will be more ______.
A．flexibility B．frustration C．fertilizer D．flame
56．The story describes the extraordinary ______ between a man and a dolphin.
A．evaluation B．elimination C．encounter D．emergency
57．Military spending is a huge ______ on the country’s resources.
A．dominance B．drain C．discipline D．defence
58．Her friend’s kindness has restored her ______ in human nature.
A．fund B．finance C．function D．faith
59．I immediately made a(n) ______ to the officer to be permitted to go home for her funeral, which he turned down.
A．pleasure B．evaluation C．request D．involvement
60．Without a ______, I would have assumed it was written by a child.
A．context B．contact C．criticism D．Current
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查可数名词复数、定冠词和比较级。句意：在这两条手帕中，我想选便宜一点的那一条。可数名词handkerchief，表示“手帕”，其复数形式有两种：handkerchiefs或handkerchieves；根据句意可知，此句涉及两者相比较，需要用“ the + 形容词比较级 + one” ，特指两者中较……的那一个，所以第二空应填the less。故选C项。
2．D
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：他喜欢浓羊杂碎汤、坚果培根、填充烤鸭、橄榄油煎肝片和羊肉串。烤鸭是被填充，第一空用过去分词表被动，作定语，stuffed roast duck意为“填充烤鸭”；slice是可数名词，此处表示不止一片，因此第二空用复数，故选D。
3．C
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着经济的发展，北京在过去的五年中已经完全改了模样。within在……之内；beyond超出（范围）；recognization识别；recognition认出，认识，承认，认可。根据“With the development of its economy”可知，此处指北京在过去的五年里已经完全改了模样，beyond recognition认不出，完全改了模样，固定短语。故选C。
4．D
【详解】考查介词和宾语。句意：所有的学校都应该考虑到重要的因素，如环境质量或教育结果，所有的事情都有助于提高学生幸福感的事情。contribute to表示有助于，to是介词，后面用名词或动名词。A项是动词原形，B项是动词不定式的被动；C项having后面的过去分词写成了动词原形，可以排除A、B 、C三项，故选D。
5．C
【详解】考查句子成分。句意：他们在姓氏前加先生/女士。They是主语，use是谓语， Mr./Mrs.是宾语，with the family name是介词短语，the family是定语，修饰名词name。故选C。
6．A
【详解】考查词性。分析句子可知，A项句意：第一周有点混乱。其中 a little confusing为形容词短语，在本句中作表语；B项句意：数学任务不是小菜一碟。其中a piece of cake为名词短语，在本句中作表语；C项句意：穿绿色衣服的语文老师参加了聚会。其中The Chinese teacher in green 为名词短语，在本句中作主语；D项句意：我认为她是班上最漂亮的女孩。其中the most beautiful girl 为名词短语，在本句中作表语。故选A项。
7．B
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们应该重视儿童的心理健康。动词短语attach importance to“重视”，importance为不可数名词，所以前面用much修饰。故选B。
8．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：篮球是一种团队运动，球员之间的合作是胜利的关键。A. tournament联赛，锦标赛；B. expectation期待，期望；C. cooperation合作；D. entertainment娱乐。根据前文的team work可知，此处应为“合作，cooperation”。故选C。
9．B
【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：四个英国人和两个德国人参加了会议。Englishman变复数时，需要把“a”变成“e”；German变复数时，在单数后面直接加s。故选B。
10．D
【详解】考查名词。句意：真正优雅的筷子可能是用金银做成的，上面还刻有汉字。分析句子可知，筷子上应是刻有汉字，其他选项不符合题意。故选D。
11．A
【详解】考查冠词和名词。句意：他作为一个领导是成功的，但是他没有太多教学经验。success作“成功的人或事”时是可数名词，且第一空为泛指，故填a success；experience作“经验”时是不可数名词，只能用much修饰，故选A项。
12．A
【详解】考查冠词和不可数名词。句意：——你看了这部由那位著名导演导演的新电影了吗？据说很有趣。 ——没有。那些天我一直在忙于修理损坏的办公室设备。A./；equipment设备；B./； equipments设备；C.a一个；equipment设备；D.a一个；equipments设备。第一个空，抽象名词具体化用不用冠词；第二个空，equipment是不可数名词，故选A。
13．C
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：那件黄色的围巾属于Betty。belong to属于，C项名词所有格也是表示人和物的所有关系，表示“那件黄色围巾是Betty的”，A项中give意为“给”，不是所属关系，B项中用名词所有格Betty’s作宾语，意义重复，D项中“come to”意为“被想到”，不表示所属关系。故选C项。
14．C
【详解】考查名词复数形式。根据选项单词，A项photo为无生命名词，其复数形式为photos，A项错误；B项holiday复数形式为holidays，B项错误。D项foot的复数形式是不规则变化，为feet，D项错误；C项中名词复数形式无误。故选C。
15．B
【详解】考查状语从句和短语。句意：在她的生日聚会上收到他送的礼物真是太意外了，她不敢相信，惊讶地看着他。surprise为名词时，有两种意思。作为不可数名词，意为“惊喜、惊奇”；作为可数名词，意为“令人惊喜、惊讶的事(物)”，是具体的含义。在第一空surprise作可数名词，所以用“such +冠词+形容词+that”引导结果状语从句。in surprise惊讶地。故选B。
16．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府的有力行动显示了我们坚持一个中国原则的决心。A. energy能量；B. resistance抵制；C. courage勇气；D. determination决心。根据句意和空格前的strongactions（有力行动）以及空格后的to uphold One-China principle（坚持一个中国原则）可知，我们的行动展示的是我们坚持一个中国原则的决心，空格处应该填入determination。故选D项。
17．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——中国，我们通常在中秋节和家人分享月饼。——很有趣!我想更多地了解中国传统。A.traditions传统；B. sentences 句子；C.notices注意; D.advantages优势。根据上文“In China, we usually share mooncakes with our families on the Mid-Autumn Festival.”可知，想更多地了解中国传统。故选A项。
18．D
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：这部名为《小红花》的电影展示了父母对他们孩子的爱。根据句意，这里说的是父母的爱，父母parents用复数形式，以s结尾的名词所有格直接加’。故选D项。
19．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一部著名的电影，我在电影院看过两次。A. bank银行；B. cinema电影院；C. supermarket超市；D. library图书馆。由“This is a famous movie”可知，句子表示“这是一部著名的电影，我在电影院看过两次”，空格处是“电影院”，是cinema。故选B。
20．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你想吃面包吗？——不，谢谢。我一点也不饿。A. tea茶水；B. water水；C.bread面包；D.coffee咖啡。由第二句的“I’m not hungry”可知，第一句话是问“你想吃面包吗”，故选C。
21．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些城市，小型公共汽车是昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共交通工具之外的另一种选择。A. resource资源；B. registration登记；C. alternative可供选择的事物；D. breakthrough突破。minibuses，expensive taxis和crowded pubic transport是三种出行方式，由此可知，此处指小型公共汽车是昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共交通工具之外的另一种选择。故选C。
22．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说当你感到孤单时，只要你需要，狗都会陪伴你。 A. safety安全；B. company陪伴；C. comfortable舒服的；D. friend朋友。由语意可知，你孤单的时候，狗会陪伴你，短语keep pany表示“陪伴某人”，故选B项。
23．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃我的工作回到全日制教育是一个很大的投入，但现在我知道这是我做过的最好的决定。A. project项目；B. commitment奉献、投入；C. complaint抱怨；D. ambition志向、抱负。根据句意，放弃工作，再次接受全日制教育，是一个大手笔的时间和精力的“投入”。名词commitment符合语意，故选B项。
24．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你先浏览材料，就能改善你的理解力和记忆力。A. compassion同情、怜悯；B. compensation补偿；C. comprehension理解、理解力；D. consumption消费。由题意可知若能先浏览材料，方可改善理解力和记忆力，故选C项。
25．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过毅力，许多人从看似肯定的失败中赢得成功。A. property财产；B. perspective观点；C. perseverance毅力；D. procedure程序。根据句意可知，此处表示“毅力让人从失败中获得成功”，故选C。
26．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：故宫博物馆收藏了大量的古董 。A.cuisines烹饪；菜肴；B.antiques古董；C.mascots吉祥物；D.excerpts摘录。根据“The Palace Museum”可知，故宫里收藏的是古董。故选B。
27．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今旅游的重点从购物转移到食物和风景。A. autonomy自治；B. barrier障碍；C. prospect前景；D. priority重点。根据空后shifted from shopping to food and scenery及常识可知，在旅游中，食物和风景已成为人们优先考虑的事情，此处指旅游重点的转变。故选D项。
28．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎残疾人士前来参观；大部分设施都有很好的轮椅通道。A. function功能；B. tension紧张；C. reaction反应；D. access通道；通路。本句中指多数的设施轮椅是可以进入的，即有轮椅通道（可进入），故选D。
29．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给老师们留下了如此深刻的印象以至于很多年后他们都能记得他。A.attraction吸引；B.profession职业；C.impression 印象；D.radiation辐射。结合“all of them could remember him after many years.”可知使用短语leave an impression on sb.，意为“给某人留下印象”。故选C。
30．D
【详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在很多方面，我的残疾帮助我在心理上变得更坚强，变得更独立。A. inability无能；B. unable不能的；C. disabled残疾的；D. disability残疾。分析句子可知，此处作主语，应用名词，故排除B和C；根据后文的“helped me grow stronger psychologically”可知，是残疾让我的心理变得更坚强。故选D。
31．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他们给予我们的帮助，我们欠他们一份感激之情。A. commitment承诺；B. greeting问候；C. harvest收获；D. gratitude感激。结合“对他们给予我们的帮助”可知，我们应该是感到感激，欠他们一份感激。故选D项。
32．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Michelin现在生活拮据，每天花100台币。他不能负担得起任何娱乐活动。A. division部门；B. restriction限制；C. measure措施；D. budget预算。由语意可知，Michelin每天支出很少，又没有钱进行娱乐活动，因此他现在生活很拮据。故选D项。
33．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望这一趋势继续下去，直到这种听觉远足成为经常发生的事情，而不是一种罕见的情况。A. career事业；B. relief释放；C. treat治疗，款待；D. hustle匆忙，喧嚣。根据句意和rare可知，此处应选C项treat，a rare treat(罕见的情况)为固定短语，故选C。
34．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：太阳能现在是一种快速增长的能源。A. source来源；B. sense感觉；C. result结果；D. root根。结合常识和句意可知，太阳能是一种能量来源(a source of power)。故选A。
35．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：未经允许，你不能在博物馆里拍照。A. occasion场合；B. contribution贡献：C. impression印象；D. permission同意，许可。根据句意，此处考查介词短语without permission，意为“未经许可”，作状语。故选D项。
36．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助野生动物生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。A. garbage垃圾；B. dormitories宿舍；C. habitats栖息地；D. antiques古董。根据“To help the wild animals survive”可知，为了帮助野生动物生存，应是需要保护它们的栖息地。故选C项。
37．A
【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：其中许多“发明”已经存在了相当一段时间。A. in existence存在；B. in advance提前；C. in particular尤其；D. in conclusion总而言之。根据句中的“inventions”和后文的“for quite some time.”可知，存在符合句意。故选A项。
38．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你从机场出发，走高速公路，并跟随指示牌。A. signs指示牌；B. ways方法；C. points点；D. designs设计。由“drive from the airport, go on the motorway and follow”可知，句子表示“如果你从机场出发，走高速公路，并跟随指示牌”，空格处意为“指示牌”，故选A。
39．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们一直在努力防止大熊猫灭绝，这使得大熊猫的数量大大增加。A. campaign运动；B. souvenir纪念物；C. extinction灭绝；D. amusement可笑、娱乐。根据“which makes the number of the animal increase greatly.”可知，人们一直在努力防止大熊猫灭绝，这使得大熊猫的数量大大增加。故选C项。
40．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如人们经常建议的那样，我们应该尝试用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。A. force武力；B. strength力量，优势；C. power权力；D. energy精力。根据“ in a peaceful way”和“rather than”可知，此处表示用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。故选A。
41．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：雇主雇用临时工的趋势越来越大。A. tendency趋势；B. component成分；C. profile简介；D. expansion扩张。由“to hire casual staff”可知，句子表示“雇主雇用临时工的趋势越来越大”，空格处是“趋势”，故选A。
42．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们被她清晰、合乎逻辑的论点展示所打动。A. documentary纪录片；B. responsibility责任；C. presentation演示；D. embarrassment尴尬。此处指展示论点。故选C 项。
43．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种电池可以持续更长的时间，保持你的智能手机状况良好。A. discount折扣；B. distance距离；C. shape形状，状况；D. charge电量，费用。根据“This battery can last longer”可知，此处指“保持手机状况良好”，keep...in shape保持状况良好，固定短语。故选C项。
44．D
【详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：这次袭击给敌人的军事力量造成了严重的损失。A. magical魔法的，神奇的；B. mixture混合物；C. modest谦虚的，适中的；D. military军事的，军队的。根据“The attack(袭击)”及空后的“forces(武装力量)”可知，袭击给敌人的军事力量造成严重的损失。故选D项。
45．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 警察局长周二在纽约受审，被指控滥用职权。A. abuse滥用；B. absence缺席；C. agenda待议事项；D. advantage好处。由上文“The police chief stood trial(审判) in New York on Tuesday”可知，警察局长在纽约受审，是因为被指控滥用职权，故选A。
46．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人对这个项目的贡献对环境保护很重要。A. challenge挑战；B. satisfaction满意；C. conservation保护；D. measure措施。根据上文“Individual contribution to this project is important to environmental”指环境保护，应用conservation。故选C。
47．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后不久，西蒙就获得了优秀顾问的名声。A. reputation名声；B. influence影响；C. impression印象；D. knowledge知识。由“an excellent consultant”可知，西蒙获得的是优秀顾问这个名声。故选A项。
48．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该俱乐部目前正计划进行几次扩建，以满足在安静的地方寻求娱乐和休闲的高尔夫球手。A. dimensions维度；B. inspirations启发；C. competitions竞赛；D. expansions扩建。根据“to accommodate golfers who seek pleasure and leisure in a quiet place.”可知，为了让高尔夫球手可以在安静地方寻求娱乐，俱乐部需要进行扩建。故选D。
49．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生必须不断更新他们的知识，以保持他们的专业能力 。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“update their knowledge”可知，医生不断更新知识是为了保持他们的专业能力，故选C项。
50．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你能告诉我如何下载这些歌曲吗？——按下“回车键”并按照屏幕上的说明操作。A. information信息；B. instructions用法说明；C. advice建议；D. descriptions描述。根据语境及常识可知，此处指“按说明操作”。故选B。
51．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她因偷窃被关进监狱后，不得不忍受十个月的失去自由的痛苦。A. departure离开；B. nutrient营养品；养料；C. variation变化；D. liberty自由。根据“Having been put into prison because of stealing,”可知，因为偷窃被关进监狱，所以用失去自由。故选D。
52．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与普遍的看法相反，中等程度的锻炼实际上会降低你的食欲。大多数人在运动后不想吃太多。A. process过程；B. motivation动机，动力；C. appetite食欲；D. contributor捐赠者，投稿人。根据下文“most people don’t want to eat a lot after exercise”可知，此处是指中等程度的锻炼会降低人们的食欲。故选C。
53．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居们在如何处理生活垃圾的问题上存在严重分歧。A. approvals同意；认可；B. divisions划分；分歧；C. statistics统计；D. minorities少数。根据“how to deal with the household garbage”可知，对如何处理生活垃圾，邻居们存在分歧。故B。
54．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：八卦的一个重要负面影响是，它会伤害被谈论的人。A. globe球体；B. grill烤架；C. gossip八卦，流言蜚语；D. garage车库。根据“it can hurt the person being talked about.”可知，此处是指聊八卦会伤害被谈论的人。故选C。
55．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能多准备一个月，这意味着会有更多的灵活性。A.flexibility灵活性； B.frustration挫败，沮丧；C. fertilizer肥料； D.flame火焰。结合上文句意，如果我们能多准备一个月，可知这里要说的是，这意味着会有更多的灵活性，使用flexibility“灵活性”符合题意，故选择A项。
56．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事描述了一个男人和一只海豚之间的奇遇。A. evaluation评价，估计；B. elimination消除，淘汰；C. encounter相遇，邂逅；D. emergency紧急事件。由空后的“between a man and a dolphin”可知，此处指“一个男人和一只海豚之间不同寻常的相遇”。故选C项。
57．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：军费支出耗费了该国大量的资源。A. dominance优势，支配地位；B. drain消耗，流失；C. discipline纪律；D. defence抵御。结合句意可知，此处是指军费开支消耗了国家资源；a drain on“消耗”。故选B。
58．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她朋友的善良使她恢复了对人性的信任。A. fund基金；B. finance金融，资金；C. function功能；D. faith信任，信心。设空处考查短语restore one’s faith in...，意为“恢复对……的信心”。故选D项。
59．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立即向这个警官提出请求，希望他允许我回家参加她的葬礼，但被他拒绝了。A.pleasure快乐，愉快；B.evaluation评价，评估；C.request要求，请求；D.involvement参与，加入。根据语意，设空处应填名词request，作谓语动词made的宾语，短语make a request，意为“提出请求”。故选C项。
60．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有一个语境，我会以为这是由一个孩子写的。A.context语境，上下文；B.contact联络，接触；C.criticism批评，评论；D.current水流，潮流。根据语意，设空处应用名词context，作介词without的宾语，构成含蓄虚拟条件句，意为“没有上下文语境”。故选A项。
单项选择
1．Of the two _______ I’d like to choose _______ expensive one.
A．handkerchiefs ... a less B．handkerchieves ... a least
C．handkerchiefs ... the less D．handkerchieves ... the least
2．He liked thick haggis soup, nutty bacon, ________ roast duck, liver ________ fried in olive oil and lamb kebab.
A．stuffed; slice B．stuffing; slices
C．stuffing; slice D．stuffed; slices
3．With the development of its economy, Beijing has changed _______ in the last five years.
A．within recognization B．beyond recognization
C．beyond recognition D．within recognition
4．All the schools should take into consideration the important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes—all things that contribute to ________.
A．improve the students’ sense of well-being
B．the students’ sense of well-being to be improved
C．having improve the students’ sense of well-being
D．the improvement of the students’ sense of well-being
5．They use Mr./Mrs. with the family name.
A．谓语 B．宾语 C．定语 D．宾补
6．Which of the underlined parts is not a noun phrase
A．The first week is a little confusing.
B．The Maths task is not a piece of cake.
C．The Chinese teacher in green joined the party.
D．I think she is the most beautiful girl in my class.
7．We should attach ________ to children’s mental health.
A．much important B．much importance
C．many importance D．many importantly
8．Basketball is a team game, where _________ between the team members is the key to victory.
A．tournament B．expectation C．cooperation D．entertainment
9．Four__________ and two__________ attended the meeting.
A．Englishmen; Germen
B．Englishmen; Germans
C．Englishmans ;Germen
D．Englishmans;Germans
10．Truly elegant chopsticks might be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
A．品质，性格 B．特点 C．人物角色 D．文字
11．He is _______ as a leader but he hasn’t _______ in teaching.
A．a success; much experience B．success; many experiences
C．success; an experience D．a success; a lot of experiences
12．—Did you see the new TV show “House of the Dragon” It’s said to be ______ great fun.
—No, I’ve been busy repairing all the office ______ these days.
A．/; equipment B．/; equipments
C．a; equipment D．a; equipments
13．That yellow scarf belongs to Betty.
A．gives to Betty’s B．belongs to Betty’s
C．is Betty’s D．comes to Betty
14．请选出单词复数形式全对的一组。
A．potatoes photoes heroes tomatoes
B．cities countries factories holidaies
C．lives leaves roofs knives
D．books foots looks cooks
15．It was really ________ to get a present from him on her birthday party that she couldn’t believe it, looking at him in ________.
A．such big surprise; a surprise B．such a big surprise; surprise
C．so big a surprise; a surprise D．so big surprise; surprise
16．The government’s strong actions demonstrated our _________ to uphold One-China principle.
A．energy B．resistance C．courage D．determination
17．—In China, we usually share mooncakes with our families on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
—That’s interesting! I want to know more about Chinese _________.
A．traditions B．sentences C．notices D．advantages
18．The movie named A Little Red Flower shows ________ love for their children.
A．parent B．parent’s C．parent’ D．parents’
19．This is a famous movie and I have seen it twice in the ________.
A．bank B．cinema C．supermarket D．library
20．—Would you like some ________
—No, thank you. I’m not hungry at all.
A．tea B．water C．bread D．coffee
21．In some cities, minibuses offer a(an) ___________ to expensive taxis and crowded pubic transport.
A．resource B．registration C．alternative D．breakthrough
22．It is said that dogs will keep you ______ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A．safety B．company C．comfortable D．friend
23．Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A．project B．commitment C．complaint D．ambition
24．You can improve your ________ and memory if you scan the material first.
A．compassion B．compensation C．comprehension D．consumption
25．Through ______, many people win success out of what seems to be certain failure.
A．property B．perspective C．perseverance D．procedure
26．The Palace Museum houses a large collection of ________.
A．cuisines B．antiques C．mascots D．excerpts
27．Nowadays the ________ of travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A．autonomy B．barrier C．prospect D．priority
28．Disabled visitors are welcome; there is good wheelchair to most facilities.
A．function B．tension C．reaction D．access
29．He left such a great ________on his teachers that all of them could remember him after many years.
A．attraction B．profession C．impression D．radiation
30．In many ways my ________ has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.
A．inability B．unable C．disabled D．disability
31．We owe them a debt of________for all the help they’ve given us.
A．commitment B．greeting C．harvest D．gratitude
32．Michelin is now living on a ________ NT$100 per day. He cannot afford any recreational activities.
A．division B．restriction C．measure D．budget
33．We hope the trend continues, until such aural excursions become a regular happening rather than a rare________.
A．career B．relief C．treat D．hustle
34．Solar energy is now a fast growing ______ of power.
A．source B．sense C．result D．root
35．You are not to take photos in the museum without ______.
A．occasion B．contribution C．impression D．permission
36．To help the wild animals survive, we need to preserve their .
A．garbage B．dormitories C．habitats D．antiques
37．Many of these "inventions" have already been for quite some time.
A．in existence B．in advance C．in particular D．in conclusion
38．If you drive from the airport, go on the motorway and follow the ______.
A．signs B．ways C．points D．designs
39．Efforts have been made to prevent the ______ of the pandas, which makes the number of the animal increase greatly.
A．campaign B．souvenir C．extinction D．amusement
40．As is often suggested, we should try to deal with everything in a peaceful way rather than by means of ______.
A．force B．strength C．power D．energy
41．There is a growing ________ among employers to hire casual staff.
A．tendency B．component C．profile D．expansion
42．People were moved by the clear, logical ______ of her arguments.
A．documentary B．responsibility C．presentation D．embarrassment
43．This battery can last longer, keeping your smart phone in ________.
A．discount B．distance C．shape D．charge
44．The attack has caused severe damage to enemy’s ________ forces.
A．magical B．mixture C．modest D．military
45．The police chief stood trial(审判) in New York on Tuesday, charged with ________ of power.
A．abuse B．absence C．agenda D．advantage
46．Individual contribution to this project is important to environmental ________.
A．challenge B．satisfaction C．conservation D．measure
47．Shortly after graduating from university, Simon acquired a ________ as an excellent consultant.
A．reputation B．influence C．impression D．knowledge
48．The club is currently planning several ________ to accommodate golfers who seek pleasure and leisure in a quiet place.
A．dimensions B．inspirations C．competitions D．expansions
49．Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.
A．interest B．attitude C．competence D．reputation
50．—Will you show me how to download these songs
—Press “Enter” and follow the on screen________.
A．information B．instructions
C．advice D．descriptions
51．Having been put into prison because of stealing, she has to endure ten months’ loss of ________.
A．departure B．nutrient C．variation D．liberty
52．Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your ________; most people don’t want to eat a lot after exercise.
A．process B．motivation C．appetite D．contributor
53．There are deep ________ among the neighbors over how to deal with the household garbage.
A．approvals B．divisions C．statistics D．minorities
54．An important negative effect of ______ is that it can hurt the person being talked about.
A．globe B．grill C．gossip D．garage
55．If we can have one more month to prepare, it means that there will be more ______.
A．flexibility B．frustration C．fertilizer D．flame
56．The story describes the extraordinary ______ between a man and a dolphin.
A．evaluation B．elimination C．encounter D．emergency
57．Military spending is a huge ______ on the country’s resources.
A．dominance B．drain C．discipline D．defence
58．Her friend’s kindness has restored her ______ in human nature.
A．fund B．finance C．function D．faith
59．I immediately made a(n) ______ to the officer to be permitted to go home for her funeral, which he turned down.
A．pleasure B．evaluation C．request D．involvement
60．Without a ______, I would have assumed it was written by a child.
A．context B．contact C．criticism D．Current
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查可数名词复数、定冠词和比较级。句意：在这两条手帕中，我想选便宜一点的那一条。可数名词handkerchief，表示“手帕”，其复数形式有两种：handkerchiefs或handkerchieves；根据句意可知，此句涉及两者相比较，需要用“ the + 形容词比较级 + one” ，特指两者中较……的那一个，所以第二空应填the less。故选C项。
2．D
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：他喜欢浓羊杂碎汤、坚果培根、填充烤鸭、橄榄油煎肝片和羊肉串。烤鸭是被填充，第一空用过去分词表被动，作定语，stuffed roast duck意为“填充烤鸭”；slice是可数名词，此处表示不止一片，因此第二空用复数，故选D。
3．C
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着经济的发展，北京在过去的五年中已经完全改了模样。within在……之内；beyond超出（范围）；recognization识别；recognition认出，认识，承认，认可。根据“With the development of its economy”可知，此处指北京在过去的五年里已经完全改了模样，beyond recognition认不出，完全改了模样，固定短语。故选C。
4．D
【详解】考查介词和宾语。句意：所有的学校都应该考虑到重要的因素，如环境质量或教育结果，所有的事情都有助于提高学生幸福感的事情。contribute to表示有助于，to是介词，后面用名词或动名词。A项是动词原形，B项是动词不定式的被动；C项having后面的过去分词写成了动词原形，可以排除A、B 、C三项，故选D。
5．C
【详解】考查句子成分。句意：他们在姓氏前加先生/女士。They是主语，use是谓语， Mr./Mrs.是宾语，with the family name是介词短语，the family是定语，修饰名词name。故选C。
6．A
【详解】考查词性。分析句子可知，A项句意：第一周有点混乱。其中 a little confusing为形容词短语，在本句中作表语；B项句意：数学任务不是小菜一碟。其中a piece of cake为名词短语，在本句中作表语；C项句意：穿绿色衣服的语文老师参加了聚会。其中The Chinese teacher in green 为名词短语，在本句中作主语；D项句意：我认为她是班上最漂亮的女孩。其中the most beautiful girl 为名词短语，在本句中作表语。故选A项。
7．B
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们应该重视儿童的心理健康。动词短语attach importance to“重视”，importance为不可数名词，所以前面用much修饰。故选B。
8．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：篮球是一种团队运动，球员之间的合作是胜利的关键。A. tournament联赛，锦标赛；B. expectation期待，期望；C. cooperation合作；D. entertainment娱乐。根据前文的team work可知，此处应为“合作，cooperation”。故选C。
9．B
【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：四个英国人和两个德国人参加了会议。Englishman变复数时，需要把“a”变成“e”；German变复数时，在单数后面直接加s。故选B。
10．D
【详解】考查名词。句意：真正优雅的筷子可能是用金银做成的，上面还刻有汉字。分析句子可知，筷子上应是刻有汉字，其他选项不符合题意。故选D。
11．A
【详解】考查冠词和名词。句意：他作为一个领导是成功的，但是他没有太多教学经验。success作“成功的人或事”时是可数名词，且第一空为泛指，故填a success；experience作“经验”时是不可数名词，只能用much修饰，故选A项。
12．A
【详解】考查冠词和不可数名词。句意：——你看了这部由那位著名导演导演的新电影了吗？据说很有趣。 ——没有。那些天我一直在忙于修理损坏的办公室设备。A./；equipment设备；B./； equipments设备；C.a一个；equipment设备；D.a一个；equipments设备。第一个空，抽象名词具体化用不用冠词；第二个空，equipment是不可数名词，故选A。
13．C
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：那件黄色的围巾属于Betty。belong to属于，C项名词所有格也是表示人和物的所有关系，表示“那件黄色围巾是Betty的”，A项中give意为“给”，不是所属关系，B项中用名词所有格Betty’s作宾语，意义重复，D项中“come to”意为“被想到”，不表示所属关系。故选C项。
14．C
【详解】考查名词复数形式。根据选项单词，A项photo为无生命名词，其复数形式为photos，A项错误；B项holiday复数形式为holidays，B项错误。D项foot的复数形式是不规则变化，为feet，D项错误；C项中名词复数形式无误。故选C。
15．B
【详解】考查状语从句和短语。句意：在她的生日聚会上收到他送的礼物真是太意外了，她不敢相信，惊讶地看着他。surprise为名词时，有两种意思。作为不可数名词，意为“惊喜、惊奇”；作为可数名词，意为“令人惊喜、惊讶的事(物)”，是具体的含义。在第一空surprise作可数名词，所以用“such +冠词+形容词+that”引导结果状语从句。in surprise惊讶地。故选B。
16．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府的有力行动显示了我们坚持一个中国原则的决心。A. energy能量；B. resistance抵制；C. courage勇气；D. determination决心。根据句意和空格前的strongactions（有力行动）以及空格后的to uphold One-China principle（坚持一个中国原则）可知，我们的行动展示的是我们坚持一个中国原则的决心，空格处应该填入determination。故选D项。
17．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——中国，我们通常在中秋节和家人分享月饼。——很有趣!我想更多地了解中国传统。A.traditions传统；B. sentences 句子；C.notices注意; D.advantages优势。根据上文“In China, we usually share mooncakes with our families on the Mid-Autumn Festival.”可知，想更多地了解中国传统。故选A项。
18．D
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：这部名为《小红花》的电影展示了父母对他们孩子的爱。根据句意，这里说的是父母的爱，父母parents用复数形式，以s结尾的名词所有格直接加’。故选D项。
19．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一部著名的电影，我在电影院看过两次。A. bank银行；B. cinema电影院；C. supermarket超市；D. library图书馆。由“This is a famous movie”可知，句子表示“这是一部著名的电影，我在电影院看过两次”，空格处是“电影院”，是cinema。故选B。
20．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你想吃面包吗？——不，谢谢。我一点也不饿。A. tea茶水；B. water水；C.bread面包；D.coffee咖啡。由第二句的“I’m not hungry”可知，第一句话是问“你想吃面包吗”，故选C。
21．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些城市，小型公共汽车是昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共交通工具之外的另一种选择。A. resource资源；B. registration登记；C. alternative可供选择的事物；D. breakthrough突破。minibuses，expensive taxis和crowded pubic transport是三种出行方式，由此可知，此处指小型公共汽车是昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共交通工具之外的另一种选择。故选C。
22．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说当你感到孤单时，只要你需要，狗都会陪伴你。 A. safety安全；B. company陪伴；C. comfortable舒服的；D. friend朋友。由语意可知，你孤单的时候，狗会陪伴你，短语keep pany表示“陪伴某人”，故选B项。
23．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃我的工作回到全日制教育是一个很大的投入，但现在我知道这是我做过的最好的决定。A. project项目；B. commitment奉献、投入；C. complaint抱怨；D. ambition志向、抱负。根据句意，放弃工作，再次接受全日制教育，是一个大手笔的时间和精力的“投入”。名词commitment符合语意，故选B项。
24．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你先浏览材料，就能改善你的理解力和记忆力。A. compassion同情、怜悯；B. compensation补偿；C. comprehension理解、理解力；D. consumption消费。由题意可知若能先浏览材料，方可改善理解力和记忆力，故选C项。
25．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过毅力，许多人从看似肯定的失败中赢得成功。A. property财产；B. perspective观点；C. perseverance毅力；D. procedure程序。根据句意可知，此处表示“毅力让人从失败中获得成功”，故选C。
26．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：故宫博物馆收藏了大量的古董 。A.cuisines烹饪；菜肴；B.antiques古董；C.mascots吉祥物；D.excerpts摘录。根据“The Palace Museum”可知，故宫里收藏的是古董。故选B。
27．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今旅游的重点从购物转移到食物和风景。A. autonomy自治；B. barrier障碍；C. prospect前景；D. priority重点。根据空后shifted from shopping to food and scenery及常识可知，在旅游中，食物和风景已成为人们优先考虑的事情，此处指旅游重点的转变。故选D项。
28．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎残疾人士前来参观；大部分设施都有很好的轮椅通道。A. function功能；B. tension紧张；C. reaction反应；D. access通道；通路。本句中指多数的设施轮椅是可以进入的，即有轮椅通道（可进入），故选D。
29．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给老师们留下了如此深刻的印象以至于很多年后他们都能记得他。A.attraction吸引；B.profession职业；C.impression 印象；D.radiation辐射。结合“all of them could remember him after many years.”可知使用短语leave an impression on sb.，意为“给某人留下印象”。故选C。
30．D
【详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在很多方面，我的残疾帮助我在心理上变得更坚强，变得更独立。A. inability无能；B. unable不能的；C. disabled残疾的；D. disability残疾。分析句子可知，此处作主语，应用名词，故排除B和C；根据后文的“helped me grow stronger psychologically”可知，是残疾让我的心理变得更坚强。故选D。
31．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他们给予我们的帮助，我们欠他们一份感激之情。A. commitment承诺；B. greeting问候；C. harvest收获；D. gratitude感激。结合“对他们给予我们的帮助”可知，我们应该是感到感激，欠他们一份感激。故选D项。
32．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Michelin现在生活拮据，每天花100台币。他不能负担得起任何娱乐活动。A. division部门；B. restriction限制；C. measure措施；D. budget预算。由语意可知，Michelin每天支出很少，又没有钱进行娱乐活动，因此他现在生活很拮据。故选D项。
33．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望这一趋势继续下去，直到这种听觉远足成为经常发生的事情，而不是一种罕见的情况。A. career事业；B. relief释放；C. treat治疗，款待；D. hustle匆忙，喧嚣。根据句意和rare可知，此处应选C项treat，a rare treat(罕见的情况)为固定短语，故选C。
34．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：太阳能现在是一种快速增长的能源。A. source来源；B. sense感觉；C. result结果；D. root根。结合常识和句意可知，太阳能是一种能量来源(a source of power)。故选A。
35．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：未经允许，你不能在博物馆里拍照。A. occasion场合；B. contribution贡献：C. impression印象；D. permission同意，许可。根据句意，此处考查介词短语without permission，意为“未经许可”，作状语。故选D项。
36．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助野生动物生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。A. garbage垃圾；B. dormitories宿舍；C. habitats栖息地；D. antiques古董。根据“To help the wild animals survive”可知，为了帮助野生动物生存，应是需要保护它们的栖息地。故选C项。
37．A
【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：其中许多“发明”已经存在了相当一段时间。A. in existence存在；B. in advance提前；C. in particular尤其；D. in conclusion总而言之。根据句中的“inventions”和后文的“for quite some time.”可知，存在符合句意。故选A项。
38．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你从机场出发，走高速公路，并跟随指示牌。A. signs指示牌；B. ways方法；C. points点；D. designs设计。由“drive from the airport, go on the motorway and follow”可知，句子表示“如果你从机场出发，走高速公路，并跟随指示牌”，空格处意为“指示牌”，故选A。
39．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们一直在努力防止大熊猫灭绝，这使得大熊猫的数量大大增加。A. campaign运动；B. souvenir纪念物；C. extinction灭绝；D. amusement可笑、娱乐。根据“which makes the number of the animal increase greatly.”可知，人们一直在努力防止大熊猫灭绝，这使得大熊猫的数量大大增加。故选C项。
40．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如人们经常建议的那样，我们应该尝试用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。A. force武力；B. strength力量，优势；C. power权力；D. energy精力。根据“ in a peaceful way”和“rather than”可知，此处表示用和平的方式而不是用武力来解决一切问题。故选A。
41．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：雇主雇用临时工的趋势越来越大。A. tendency趋势；B. component成分；C. profile简介；D. expansion扩张。由“to hire casual staff”可知，句子表示“雇主雇用临时工的趋势越来越大”，空格处是“趋势”，故选A。
42．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们被她清晰、合乎逻辑的论点展示所打动。A. documentary纪录片；B. responsibility责任；C. presentation演示；D. embarrassment尴尬。此处指展示论点。故选C 项。
43．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种电池可以持续更长的时间，保持你的智能手机状况良好。A. discount折扣；B. distance距离；C. shape形状，状况；D. charge电量，费用。根据“This battery can last longer”可知，此处指“保持手机状况良好”，keep...in shape保持状况良好，固定短语。故选C项。
44．D
【详解】考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：这次袭击给敌人的军事力量造成了严重的损失。A. magical魔法的，神奇的；B. mixture混合物；C. modest谦虚的，适中的；D. military军事的，军队的。根据“The attack(袭击)”及空后的“forces(武装力量)”可知，袭击给敌人的军事力量造成严重的损失。故选D项。
45．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 警察局长周二在纽约受审，被指控滥用职权。A. abuse滥用；B. absence缺席；C. agenda待议事项；D. advantage好处。由上文“The police chief stood trial(审判) in New York on Tuesday”可知，警察局长在纽约受审，是因为被指控滥用职权，故选A。
46．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：个人对这个项目的贡献对环境保护很重要。A. challenge挑战；B. satisfaction满意；C. conservation保护；D. measure措施。根据上文“Individual contribution to this project is important to environmental”指环境保护，应用conservation。故选C。
47．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后不久，西蒙就获得了优秀顾问的名声。A. reputation名声；B. influence影响；C. impression印象；D. knowledge知识。由“an excellent consultant”可知，西蒙获得的是优秀顾问这个名声。故选A项。
48．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该俱乐部目前正计划进行几次扩建，以满足在安静的地方寻求娱乐和休闲的高尔夫球手。A. dimensions维度；B. inspirations启发；C. competitions竞赛；D. expansions扩建。根据“to accommodate golfers who seek pleasure and leisure in a quiet place.”可知，为了让高尔夫球手可以在安静地方寻求娱乐，俱乐部需要进行扩建。故选D。
49．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生必须不断更新他们的知识，以保持他们的专业能力 。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“update their knowledge”可知，医生不断更新知识是为了保持他们的专业能力，故选C项。
50．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你能告诉我如何下载这些歌曲吗？——按下“回车键”并按照屏幕上的说明操作。A. information信息；B. instructions用法说明；C. advice建议；D. descriptions描述。根据语境及常识可知，此处指“按说明操作”。故选B。
51．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她因偷窃被关进监狱后，不得不忍受十个月的失去自由的痛苦。A. departure离开；B. nutrient营养品；养料；C. variation变化；D. liberty自由。根据“Having been put into prison because of stealing,”可知，因为偷窃被关进监狱，所以用失去自由。故选D。
52．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与普遍的看法相反，中等程度的锻炼实际上会降低你的食欲。大多数人在运动后不想吃太多。A. process过程；B. motivation动机，动力；C. appetite食欲；D. contributor捐赠者，投稿人。根据下文“most people don’t want to eat a lot after exercise”可知，此处是指中等程度的锻炼会降低人们的食欲。故选C。
53．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居们在如何处理生活垃圾的问题上存在严重分歧。A. approvals同意；认可；B. divisions划分；分歧；C. statistics统计；D. minorities少数。根据“how to deal with the household garbage”可知，对如何处理生活垃圾，邻居们存在分歧。故B。
54．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：八卦的一个重要负面影响是，它会伤害被谈论的人。A. globe球体；B. grill烤架；C. gossip八卦，流言蜚语；D. garage车库。根据“it can hurt the person being talked about.”可知，此处是指聊八卦会伤害被谈论的人。故选C。
55．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能多准备一个月，这意味着会有更多的灵活性。A.flexibility灵活性； B.frustration挫败，沮丧；C. fertilizer肥料； D.flame火焰。结合上文句意，如果我们能多准备一个月，可知这里要说的是，这意味着会有更多的灵活性，使用flexibility“灵活性”符合题意，故选择A项。
56．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事描述了一个男人和一只海豚之间的奇遇。A. evaluation评价，估计；B. elimination消除，淘汰；C. encounter相遇，邂逅；D. emergency紧急事件。由空后的“between a man and a dolphin”可知，此处指“一个男人和一只海豚之间不同寻常的相遇”。故选C项。
57．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：军费支出耗费了该国大量的资源。A. dominance优势，支配地位；B. drain消耗，流失；C. discipline纪律；D. defence抵御。结合句意可知，此处是指军费开支消耗了国家资源；a drain on“消耗”。故选B。
58．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她朋友的善良使她恢复了对人性的信任。A. fund基金；B. finance金融，资金；C. function功能；D. faith信任，信心。设空处考查短语restore one’s faith in...，意为“恢复对……的信心”。故选D项。
59．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立即向这个警官提出请求，希望他允许我回家参加她的葬礼，但被他拒绝了。A.pleasure快乐，愉快；B.evaluation评价，评估；C.request要求，请求；D.involvement参与，加入。根据语意，设空处应填名词request，作谓语动词made的宾语，短语make a request，意为“提出请求”。故选C项。
60．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有一个语境，我会以为这是由一个孩子写的。A.context语境，上下文；B.contact联络，接触；C.criticism批评，评论；D.current水流，潮流。根据语意，设空处应用名词context，作介词without的宾语，构成含蓄虚拟条件句，意为“没有上下文语境”。故选A项。