2023届高考英语高频题型专项训练题型二 七选五（1）(10篇有答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语高频题型专项训练题型二 七选五（1）(10篇有答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-12-13 18:12:52 | ||
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题型二 七选五（1）——2023届高考英语高频题型专项训练
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、七选五
1、 Are you starting to feel a little burnt out by all the texts you’ve getting Constant conversations and messages make it harder to focus and could start stressing you out. ①________ We’ll start with ways to choose and enforce your boundaries if someone tries to reach you when you’re not available.
Set daily times when you're available.
Make a clear schedule each day for when you check your messages and are available to have a conversation. ②________ It’s okay to read the texts you get during your leisure time, but don’t respond to them until you're scheduled. Let anyone who would try to contact you know about your availability so they’re less likely to disturb you in the future.
Use screen time limits for your app usage.
Change your settings so you can’t use apps when you run out of time. Set a time limit for how long you can use your messaging apps. Sometimes you may run out of time. ③________ Remember that it’s okay not to respond right away. If there is an urgent issue, someone can always call you.
④________
Changing your boundaries can be tough, so keep strengthening them. Even though you may still get a lot of text messages, stick to the limits you set for yourself so you don’t stress yourself out or feel the need to reply. Otherwise, if you keep responding when you said you’re unavailable, other people might be confused or get mixed messages.
Silence the person if they don’t respect your boundaries.
Don’t hesitate to cut off communication if they still won’t listen. Some people may not understand your boundaries no matter how often you remind them. If you’re still bombed with messages throughout the day, silence the person or turn off notices from the app they use so you don’t get notified. ⑤________
A. And it is impolite or rude.
B. Be consistent with your boundaries.
C. Adjust the boundaries a little bit occasionally.
D. You may not be able to access the apps until the next day.
E. Give yourself set hours to relieve the pressure of replying right away.
F. Luckily, putting limits on how often you reply leaves you under less pressure.
G. Avoid responding to them so you can pull yourself out of a stressful situation.
2、 You've heard them before. Perfect voices, matching their speakers' attitude, style, and appearance. Most people know how to recognize a good voice simply because they like it and feel attracted to it. ①______ There are reasons why specific voices feel much easier on the ears, and people describe them as smooth.
Good voices usually sound warmer, friendlier, expressive, and controlled. However, a bad voice is the complete opposite. ②______
The question is: ③______ When we have a good conversation with someone, we tend to adjust the pitch (音高) of our own voice towards theirs. But when we find someone attractive, the opposite is true. For men, their pitch goes down, while for women, their pitch goes up. What's more, lowering or raising your pitch might be a sign of how attractive we find our date, but it also makes the other person more attracted to us.
But could putting on an accent help you to appear younger or more masculine (男子汉的) Humans have a remarkable vocal range, but also a good ability to detect fakers. ④______—if we could go around deceiving(欺骗) people all the time with our voices, then the entire communication system would fail. At the end of the day, making your voice sound more attractive, letter, or deeper is a matter of trying. ⑤______ Practice your breathing, keep your pitch in mind, copy good speakers, and learn how to position your voice after you’ve examined it. Record yourself, and see what works and what doesn't.
A. So humans are not easily deceived.
B. However, it’s not only a matter of taste.
C. Spend some time in front of your mirror.
D- Start more conversations with your friends.
E. Do men and women always use the same pitch of voice.
F. It often sounds annoying, hesitant, boring and never changes.
G. Can we use our voice in the right setting to adapt to our needs
3、The Spotlight Effect
Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake Well, here’s some good news: it’s likely that no one even noticed.
①________ We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well. Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do, we may assume that everyone around us will notice. The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class. ②________ In these moments, it feels like everyone is watching.
The spotlight effect exists because we all get used to seeing things through our own eyes. Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance. ③________
The spotlight effect is a very common part of the human experience. However, in some cases, it can lead to extreme social anxiety and nervousness around other people. Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It’s normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people. ④________ If someone is so nervous that they can’t make good decisions, then it’s time to take action and improve the situation.
Learning about the spotlight effect is important because it can help us reduce our anxiety. Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it’s just your mind playing tricks on you. ⑤________ If you fill your mind with thoughts of your friends and family, it will help you be less self-conscious.
A. However, this can be a problem when the anxiety is too much to handle.
B. That’s why fewer people notice the embarrassing circumstances they encounter.
C. Another good exercise is to make an effort to notice the people around you, rather than focusing on yourself.
D. The spotlight effect is a trick of the mind that makes us believe that people notice us more often than they really do.
E. What you can do at this moment is to ignore them.
F. We are so busy examining ourselves that we actually observe very little about everyone around us.
G. It can also appear when we score a big goal, ask someone on a date, or do a good deed.
4、 Smiling is a great way to make yourself stand out while helping your body to function better. It is just one fun way to live longer, read about the others. ①__________
☆Smiling makes you attractive.
②__________ There is an attraction factor. We want to know a smiling person and figure out what is so good. Frowns and sorrows all push people away-but a smile draws them in. When some people are smiling, they lighten up the room, change the moods of others, and make things happier. Smile a lot and you will draw people to you.
☆③__________
Stress can really show up in our faces, while smiling helps to prevent us from looking tired, worn down, and defeated. When you are stressed, it is of great importance to take time to put on a smile, which can trick the body into helping you change your mood. The stress should be reduced and you'll be better able to take action.
☆Smiling lowers your blood pressure.
When you smile, there is a measurable reduction in your blood pressure. ④__________ Sit for a few minutes and take a reading. Then smile for a minute and take another reading while still smiling. Do you notice a difference
☆Smiling makes you seem successful.
Smiling people appear more confident, are more likely to be promoted, and more likely to be approached. ⑤__________ Next time you are feeling down, try putting on a smile. There's a good chance that your mood will change for the better.
A. Smiling relieves stress.
B. We are drawn to people who smile.
C. Here are some reasons to keep smiling in your daily life.
D. Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor at home.
E. The muscles we use to smile lift the face, making a person appear younger.
F. When we smile, our body is sending the rest of us a message that "Life is Good."
G. Put on a smile at meetings and appointments and people will react to you differently.
5、 Cat behavior can often be puzzling and confusing to humans. ①______ Veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren shares her expertise on some common and strange cat behaviors to help you understand why your cat behaves the way it does.
Scratching is a natural behavior for cats. It’s how they make their paws sharper. If cats do not have a suitable surface to scratch, they will choose your furniture or carpet. To protect your furniture, provide at least two scratching posts. These posts need to be stable so they don’t rock or tip over. ②______ Cats tend to scratch when they wake in the morning, so place one post close to where they sleep.
Cats love high places, which give them a sense of safety and allow them to watch everything going below. ③______ And make sure you have several cat items in front of windows so your cat can look outside. If your cat can watch from high up and see the world outside of his home, he is less likely to climb onto the kitchen cupboard and knock down the bowls.
④______ They have the surprising ability to tie themselves in knots without any difficulty. They curl up in unconventional beds, like vases, because they have special bones on the back that allow them to do this. And they take great pride in showing this to you continuously.
If cats eat grass, there are several reasons. They may be seeking the nutrients in the grass have an upset stomach, inducing vomiting (催吐). It is not a problem if your cat enjoys eating ensure it hasn’t been treated with pesticides. Alternatively, offer your cat a pot of clean cat grass to chew, especially indoor cats. ⑤______ If you have any concerns about your cat’s behavior or frequency vomiting, please talk with your vet.
A.Sleeping positions of cats are unusual.
B.They need nutrients in the grass more.
C.Having a rough surface is also required.
D.This is available from most plant gardens.
E.However, there’s often an explanation for their actions.
F.Meanwhile, high places offer them larger space to jump.
G.Put up several shelves so your cat can leap from one to another.
6、 Whether it’s studying for exams, working on a project or struggling with an essay, we've all been under immense stress at some point. When it gets a bit overwhelming, we can reach a level of exhaustion like never before—the awful burnout. ①_______.
According to Psychology Today, burnout isn’t just caused by working long hours; it is more about long-term or repeated exposure to a stressful situation. The result can be feelings like depression and sleepiness. A feeling of loss of control in a work scenario can create a conflict with the sense of self—which can lead to burnout. ②_______ This means that striving to be efficient can result in a reduction in our productivity.
③_______ Well, there are some tips that may help you. Psychologist Albert Bandura's idea of self-efficacy—which is the theory that you should believe in your ability to complete a task at hand—may assist you. A feeling that the task is achievable and that you are capable of succeeding means that a difficult task might be less tiring.
Finding ways to express your creative side may also help. Not everyone has creative aspects to their jobs, and therefore, they need to find other outlets. ④_______ All of these may help to detach them from the overwhelming stress that may exist in their working life.
Looking after yourself and your surroundings can also be beneficial. ⑤_______
This, in turn, leads to another tip, which is to have healthy and positive thoughts. Being negative can be incredibly draining. Having a positive mental attitude towards everything you do means that you may feel more capable as well.
A. But what can we do to avoid the evils of burnout
B. They could paint, white or take part in local theatre.
C. There’s no doubt that a better environment docs good to you.
D. Suffering from burnout can block our creativity and productivity.
E. However, that feeling of exhaustion is not just physical, but can be mental as well.
F. The consequence is that you are surrounded by a cleaner and more positive environment. world.
G. It is pushing ourselves hard that leads to burnout, which is associated with the pressures of the modern world.
7、Choose What to Remember, What to Forget
I was sorting through some boxes in the drawer last week when I came across a teddy bear from my childhood. ①_____ when I saw my faded old friend. In an instant I was reconnected with where I lived, who was around and how I felt.
②_____. I once had thrown away a pair of running shoes that reminded me of the difficult days. According to a recent study it’s possible to use thinking tricks to remove negative associations. And, in the process, you can learn a lot about how memory works — including how to get yours under control.
First, volunteers were shown how to create connections between an item and negative emotions. They did this using vivid mental imagery (意象) — linking a child’s sports shoes to images of a playground accident, for example, so that the object became uncomfortable to have nearby. ③_____. And this turned out to be more than just a temporary distraction (分心). It gradually weakened the bad memories — in some cases, erasing them altogether.
④_____. And you can strengthen both of these factors when you want to remember. For example: pick up a favourite present and enjoy the pictures it brings to mind. On the other hand, when you want to forget the bad associations, practice pushing away any images.
The pictures you attach to things can connect you to some extremely powerful memories, for good or bad. ⑤_____.
A.Unpleasant past memories flashed through my mind.
B.It shows that recall relies on associations and images.
C.Not all objects make such welcome memories, however.
D.Powerful memories flooded back from nearly 50 years before.
E.But the good news is that you can choose to remember the good things.
F.Again, strengthening the images will continually sharpen the memories.
G.Later, they were shown how to actively forget those feelings by pushing away any pictures.
8、 Shannon Hearne’s oldest dream was to own a ranch (牧场). In February 2020, her dream finally came true when she opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch. Then, just a month later, the country slid into COVID-19 lockdown. ①_______
With large areas of grasslands and plenty of sunshine and fresh air, there was no safer way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house. ②_______ Sure, you can sign up for riding lessons or board your horse. But you can also drop by to play with the chickens, goats, and dogs, or join the younger ranchers playing on the big pile of freshly dug dirt. Hearne now saw the ranch as something more than a business—it would be a place the community could call home.
③_______ Many of them came not just for free cookouts, but for the chance to find peace of mind. “I had a vision for the space able to help cure those in need,” says Hearne. One of those people, now 15, was born without fingers on one hand. His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon for riding lessons. Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability, and he grew closer to his grandmother over their shared love of horses. “④_______ And I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of psychological issues,” Hearne says.
Another boy became selectively silent because of his autism (自闭症). ⑤_______ Taking the reins (缰绳), literally, helped him do so in his daily life too. “I could see how the empowerment of riding was helping him feel once again in control of the world around him,” says Hearne.
A. The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody.
B. As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there.
C. Soon Hearne’s dream began to grow into something bigger.
D. Locals desired to put up a tent there when they felt worn out.
E. Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his own world.
F. He went from not answering questions to literally talking our ears off.
G. There is something empowering about controlling a thousand-pound animal.
9、 Ponds(池塘) are a common sight. There are different kinds of ponds. ①_______ Like other kinds of ponds, they can add beauty to a garden or a landscape. The difference is that they're powered by solar energy.
A great pond usually needs an energy source to power up a pump and lights. Without a pump, a pond may hardly receive new clean water. ②_______ A solar-powered pump helps maintain healthy water quality and enables the addition of fish, if desired.
No solar garden pond would be complete without solar-powered lights. They are powered by a free, renewable energy source. This allows us a green life. ③_______ Strategic placement of lights around a pond will result in a beautiful appearance, both during the day and at night.
④_______ The solar pump and lights need to get energy from the sun. Placing a pond in direct sunlight increases the growth of algae(藻) in summer. However, placing it in the shade or partial shade may not produce enough solar energy to keep pumps and lights running.
If you’ve decided to create such a pond, choose a suitable location for your pond, and consider buying proper solar accessories according to your pond's location, size and so on. If possible, you can ask professionals for suggestions. ⑤_______
A. There are many ways to live a green life.
B. The need for inconvenient wiring can be avoided as well.
C. Nowadays, there's a growing interest in solar garden ponds.
D. Using solar energy for such ponds is not without limitations.
E. That is why clean water is key to the survival of human beings.
F. Through your efforts, you are sure to get a beautiful and efficient one in the end.
G. The pond may become dirty and smell bad with a lot of mosquitoes flying around.
10、 More and more people enjoy listening to music while they work, believing that music helps boost creativity. But an international study conducted by English and Swedish researchers is challenging that viewpoint. ①________
To come to their conclusions, researchers had participants complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room. ②________
They found that background music significantly weakened the participants’ ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity. The research team also tested background noises such as those commonly heard in a library, but found that such noises had no impact on subjects’ creativity.
The tasks were simple word games. ③________ Then, they were asked to find a single word that could be combined with the three to form a common phrase or word. The single word, in this case, would be “sun”(sunshine, sunflower, etc.).Participants completed the tasks either in a quiet room or while listening to different types of music.
“We found strong evidence of damaged performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions.” says Dr. McLatchie. Dr. McLatchie with his colleagues concludes that music disturbs the verbal working memory of the brain. ④________ Also, as far as the library background noises have seemingly no effect, the researchers believe that was the case because library noises create a “steady state” environment that doesn’t affect concentration.
“⑤________ Instead, they demonstrate music, regardless of its types, consistently interrupts creative performance in problem solving,” the study reads.
A.And this in turn blocks creativity.
B.First, all participants spoke out three words of their favorite music.
C.Then again, they were tested while music was played in the background.
D.Prior to the task, the participants were not exposed to the music they would listen.
E.For example, participants were given three words, such as dress, shine, and flower.
F.To conclude, the findings challenge the popular view that music encourages creativity.
G.Psychologists from several universities say their findings indicate music actually prevents creativity.
参考答案
1、答案：①-⑤FEDBG
解析：①前句提及不断收到的信息会让你很难集中注意力，F选项说限制回复频率可以帮助你减轻压力，随后便提出具体的方法。
②E选项说，这样给自己设定时间，可以缓解需要马上回复的压力。后文接着说在闲暇时间阅读你收到的短信是可以的。
③前句说，有时你可能会时间限额用完了，你可能要到第二天才能访问这些应用程序，后文接着说：记住，不立即回复也没关系。
④保持你的计划，后文说，改变你的设置是很麻烦的，所以要不断加强。
⑤前文说有些人就是会不断地打扰你， G选项表达：要避免回应他们，这样你就可以把自己从紧张的情况中拉出来。
2、答案：①-⑤BFGAC
解析：①联系下文题。根据下文There are reasons why specific voices feel much easier on the ears, and people describe them as smooth.(有一些原因可以解释为什么特定的声音听起来更容易,而且人们形容它们很流畅。)可知空格处是说明原因,所以B.However, it's not only a matter of taste.(然而,这不仅仅是品味的问题。)符合语境,故选B。
②推理判断题。根据上文 Good voices usually sound warmer, friendlier, expressive, and controlled. However, a bad voice is the complete opposite.(好的声音通常听起来更温暖、友好、富有表现力和克制。然而,糟糕的声音完全相反。)可知此处是好的和坏的声音的对比,所以F.It often sounds annoying, hesitant, boring and never changes.(它通常听起来很烦人、犹豫、无聊,而且从来没有改变过。)符合语境,故选F。
③联系下文题。根据下文When we have a good conversation with someone, we tend to adjust the pitch our own voice towards theirs. But when we find someone attractive, the opposite is true. For men, their pitch goes down, while for women, their pitch goes up. What's more, lowering or raising your pitch might be a sign of how attractive we find our date, but it also makes the other person more attracted to us.(当我们和某人进行愉快的交谈时,我们倾向于调整自己的音调来适应对方。但当我们发现一个人有吸引力时,情况就相反了。对男性来说,他们的音高会下降,而对女性来说,他们的音高会上升。更重要的是,降低或提高音调可能是我们觉得约会对象有多有吸引力的标志,但这也会让对方更被我们吸引。)可知此处讲述了我们的声音会调整,所以G.Can we use our voice in the right setting to adapt to our needs (我们能在合适的场合使用我们的声音来适应我们的需要吗 )符合语境,故选G。
④联系上文题。根据上文Humans have a remarkable vocal range, but also a good ability to detect fakers.(人类有一个非凡的音域,但也有很好的能力来发现骗子。) 所以A.So humans are not easily deceived.(所以人类不容易被欺骗。)符合语境,故选A。
⑤联系下文题。根据下文Practice your breathing, keep your pitch in mind, copy good speakers, and learn how to position your voice after you've examined it.(练习你的呼吸,记住你的音高,模仿优秀的演讲者,并在检查过你的声音后学习如何定位你的声音。)可知此处讲述了在镜子前练习,所以C.Spend some time in front of your mirror.(花点时间在镜子前。)符合语境,故选C。
3、答案：①-⑤DGFAC
解析：①推理判断题。由标题The Spotlight Effect(聚光灯效应),第一段Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake Well, here's some good news: it's likely that no one even noticed.(当你犯错误时,你有没有觉得整个世界都在注视着你 好吧,这里有一些好消息:很可能没有人注意到)和下文We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well. Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do, we may assume that everyone around us will notice.(我们不仅在犯错时,而且在表现出色时都有这种经历。每次我们做一些与平时稍有不同的事情时,我们都会认为周围的人都会注意到)可知,上下文讲聚光灯效应出现的场合,当人们出错时,人们总觉得会被周围的许多人注意到,但事实真相是：很可能没有人注意到你的行为,说明聚光灯效应只是一种心理作用,是人们自己认为会被注意到的一种现象,可得出D选项"聚光灯效应是一种大脑欺骗我们的手段,让我们误以为别人注意到我们的次数比实际情况更多。"切题,呼应最后一段Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it's just your mind playing tricks on you.(下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候,提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)。故选D项。
②推理判断题。上文"The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class.(聚光灯效应可能发生在我们在比赛中犯错、头发糟糕或在课堂上给出糟糕的答案时)"讲聚光灯效应出现场合的具体事例。G选项"当我们取得一个大的目标,约某人约会或做一件好事时,它也会出现。"符合语境。故选G项。
③段落大意题。由上文Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance.(每个人都是他或她的故事中的主角,我们生活中的事件似乎很重要)可知,人们很关注自己和自己身上发生的事情,该空与上文是因果关系,F选项"我们忙于审视自己,实际上很少观察周围的人。"承接上文讲因为人们更多得关注自己,所以很少注意周围的人。故选F项。
④细节理解题。上文Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It's normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people. (每个人都有一定程度的社交焦虑。我们都关心别人的想法,我们都想被人喜欢。想知道我们对其他人有什么影响是正常的)说的是"拥有一定程度的社交焦虑是正常现象" 引出焦虑太多会成问题的事实,衔接下文If someone is so nervous that they can't make good decisions, then it's time to take action and improve the situation.(如果有人过于紧张,无法做出正确的决定,那么是时候采取行动改善这种情况了)讲针对这种情况要采取措施的内容。A选项"然而,当焦虑太多而无法处理时,这可能是一个问题。"符合语境。故选A项。
⑤推理判断题。承接上文Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it's just your mind playing tricks on you. (下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候,提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)讲克服聚光灯效应的具体策略。C选项"另一个好的练习是努力去注意你周围的人,而不是专注于你自己。"符合语境。故选C项。
4、答案：CBADG
解析：①细节理解题。本题位于段末,本段主要概述微笑有许多好处,如:让你脱颖而出、更有魅力、让你更长寿等。以及下文的四个小标题可知,本小题是对下文4个小标题的总结。由此可知此题是说在日常生活中保持微笑的原因。分析选项可知C项符合题意,故选C。
②细节理解题。本题位于段首,本段的主题句为"Smiling makes us attractive."以及本段中的"a smile draws them in."可知,微笑让我们有吸引力,我们被微笑的人所吸引。分析选项,可知B项(We are drawn to people who smile.)与本段的意义一致,且有词"draw"的复现。故选B。
③标题归纳题。本小题为一段的小标题,分析下面一段的内容可知,本段是说微笑有助于掩盖你的疲惫,让你的情绪改变,缓解压力,使你更好地行动。分析选项可知,A项Smiling Relieves Stress(微笑缓解压力)符合题意,故选A。
④细节理解题。本题属于段中,本题所在的小标题为"微笑能降低你的血压",本段举例坐几分钟、看书、微笑,最后问"注意到区别了吗 "可知,想知道区别就要用血压计来量一下。分析选项可知D项Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor at home.(如果你家里有血压计,试试看)与此段意义一致,且有词"blood pressure"的复现。故选D项。
⑤推理判断题。本句的前一句"微笑的人看起来更自信,更有可能被晋升,也更有可能被接近。"因此在约会时要微笑,这样就会使你看起来易于接近,开会时微笑更有可能会被晋升。分析选项可知,G项Put on a smile at meetings and appointments and people will react to you differently.(在会议和约会上微笑,人们会对你做出不同的反应。)符合题意,故选G。
5、答案：①-⑤ ECGAD
解析：①逻辑关系题。设空处位于文章首段,上一句提到Cat behavior can often be puzzling and confusing to humans(猫的行为常常会让人类感到困惑),而下文却谈到这位博士要来to help you understand why your cat behaves the way it does(帮助你理解你的猫为什么会有这样的行为),据此可推断,猫的行为看似困惑,实则有章可循,能够被解释,这当中包含了一个承上启下的转折,E选项"However, there's often an explanation for their actions."(然而,他们的行为通常是有原因的)符合语境,故选E。
②逻辑关系题。设空处位于第二段,本段的主题词是Scratching(抓挠),段中提到"To protect your furniture, provide at least two scratching posts."(为了保护你的家具,提供至少两个划痕桩),而C选项Having a rough surface is also required.(表面粗糙也是必须的)是对被抓挠物材质的要求,在此处契合语境,衔接自然,故选C。
③推理判断题。本段的首句是Cats love high places(猫喜欢高处),这也是本段的主题,参照上面的段落,可推断下一句可能谈及具体应该怎么做,而G选项Put up several shelves so your cat can leap from one to another.(放几个架子,这样你的猫就可以从一个架子跳到另一个架子上)正是介绍了通过put up shelves(放架子)的方法满足猫喜欢高处的需要,符合语境,故选G。
④细节理解题。设空处位于段落首句,是对本段内容的概括。根据下一句"They have the surprising ability to tie themselves in knots without any difficulty. They curl up in unconventional beds, like vases"(它们有一种令人惊讶的能力,可以毫无困难地把自己打结。它们蜷缩在非常规的床里面,例如花瓶)可知,此处描述了一种奇怪的姿势,且结合beds(床)的提示,推断出本段可能与猫的睡觉姿势相关,A选项Sleeping positions of cats are unusual(猫睡觉的姿势很不寻常)符合本段语境,故选A。
⑤细节理解题。本段介绍的行为是eat grass(吃草),设空处上一句提到Alternatively, offer your cat a pot of clean cat grass to chew, especially indoor cats.(或者,给你的猫一壶干净的猫草来咀嚼,尤其是室内的猫),而D选项This is available from most plant gardens.(大多数植物花园都有)则介绍了猫草的获取途径,cat grass与plant gardens呼应,此处符合语境,故选D。
6、答案：①-⑤EDABF
解析：①推理判断题。根据前句When it gets a bit overwhelming, we can reach a level of exhaustion like never before—the awful burnout(当它变得有点压倒性时,我们会达到前所未有的疲惫程度可怕的倦怠), 可知表示"然而,这种疲惫感不仅是身体上的,也可能是心理上的"的选项E符合前后的语境, a level of exhaustion是关键词,故选E。
②推理判断题。根据后句This means that striving to be more efficient can result in a reduction in our productivity(这意味着努力提高效率会导致我们的生产力下降),可知表示"精疲力竭会阻碍我们的创造力和生产力"的选项D符合前后的语境,a reduction in our productivity是关键词,故选D。
③主题判断题。根据后句Well, there are some tips that may help you. Psychologist Albert Bandura's idea of self-efficacy—which is the theory that you should believe in your ability to complete a task at hand—may assist you. A feeling that the task is achievable and that you are capable of succeeding means that a difficult task might be less tiring.(哦,这里有一些小贴士可以帮你。心理学家阿尔伯特班杜拉(Albert Bandura)关于自我效能的观点—即你应该相信自己有能力完成手头的任务一可能会对你有所帮助。如果你觉得任务是可以完成的,并且你有能力成功,这意味着-项困难的任务可能不会那么累)，可知表示"但我们能做些什么来避免倦怠的罪恶呢"的选项A符合前后的语境, avoid the evils of burnout是关键词,故选A。
④推理判断题。根据后句All of these may help to detach them from the overwhelming stress that may exist in their working life(所有这些可能有助于他们从工作生活中可能存在的巨大压力中解脱出来),可知表示"他们可以绘画、写作或参加当地剧院的活动"的选项B符合前后的语境, All of these代指paint, write or take part in local theatre,故选B。
⑤推理判断题。根据主题句Looking after yourself and your surroundings can also be beneficial(照顾好自己和周围的环境也是有益的),可知表示"结果是你被一个更干净、更积极的环境包围着"的选项F符合前后的语境, your surroundings是关键词,故选F。
7、答案：DCGBE
解析：①根据上文“I came across a teddy bear from my childhood.(偶然发现了一只童年的泰迪熊)”和下文“In an instant I was reconnected with where I lived, who was around and how I felt.(就在那一刻,我想起了我曾经住的地方、身边的人以及我的感受)”可知,作者在整理抽屉时发现童年旧物,勾起他的回忆,D项“Powerful memories flooded back from nearly 50 years before.(近50年前的强烈记忆如潮水般涌来)”符合语境,句中“from nearly 50 years before”与上文“from my childhood”相照应。故选D项。
②上一段讲作者在整理抽屉时发现童年的泰迪熊,勾起他的美好回忆,下文“I once had thrown away a pair of running shoes that reminded me of the difficult days.(我曾经扔掉了一双跑鞋,它让我想起了那些艰难的日子)”讲作者会扔掉带来不好回忆的旧物品,C项“Not all objects make such welcome memories, however.(然而,并不是所有的物品都有这样的美好回忆)”与上文构成转折关系,引出下文。故选C项。
③上文“First, volunteers were shown how to create connections between an item and negative emotions. They did this using vivid mental imagery (意象)—linking a child's sports shoes to images of a playground accident, for example, so that the object became uncomfortable to have nearby.(首先,研究人员向志愿者展示了如何在物品和负面情绪之间建立联系。他们利用生动的心理意象来实现它,例如,将儿童的运动鞋和操场事故图片联系起来,这样这一物品的存在就会让人感到不舒服)”提到研究人员首先展示如何让人们在物品和负面情绪之间建立联系,下文“And this turned out to be more than just a temporary distraction(分心). It gradually weakened the bad memories—in some cases, erasing them altogether.(事实证明,这不仅仅是暂时的分心。它逐渐削弱了不好的记忆,在某些情况下,完全抹去了它们)”讲这种负面情绪,即不好的记忆,被削弱或抹去。G项“Later, they were shown how to actively forget those feelings by pushing away any pictures.(然后,研究人员向他们展示了如何通过排斥画面来主动忘记这些情绪)”介绍了削弱或抹去负面情绪的方法,下文是其结果,上下文语意连贯,且G项中“Later, they were shown how to...”与上文“First, volunteers were shown how to...”相照应。故选G项。
④下文“And you can strengthen both of these factors when you want to remember. For example: pick up a favourite present and enjoy the pictures it brings to mind. On the other hand, when you want to forget the bad associations, practice pushing away any images.(当你想要记忆的时候,你可以加强这两个因素。比如,拿起一件最喜欢的礼物,享受它带给你的画面。另一方面,当你想要忘记不好的联想时,练习排斥任何画面)”通过举例的方式证明,记忆可以强化,与联想和画面有关,B项“It shows that recall relies on associations and images.(这表明回忆依赖于联想和画面)”是段首中心句,下文是对它的阐述,同时B项是对上一段中实验结果的总结,上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
⑤根据前文可知,回忆依赖于联想和画面,我们可以选择记住美好的事情。上文“The pictures you attach to things can connect you to some extremely powerful memories, for good or bad.(你附加在事物上的画面可以将你与一些极其强大的记忆联系起来,它们可能是美好的记忆,也可能是糟糕的记忆讲我们的记忆可能是美好的,也可能是糟糕的)”,因为有了前文中的方法,所以我们可以“选择记住美好的事情”。E项“But the good news is that you can choose to remember the good things.(但好消息是,你可以选择记住美好的事情)”与上文构成转折关系,上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
8、答案：CABGE
解析：①根据前文"In February 2020 , her dream finally came true when she opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch. Then, just a month later, the county slid into COVID -19 lockdown(2020 年2月, 她的梦想终于实现了, 她打开了日月牧场的大门。然而, 就在一个月后, 该县进入了COVID-19 封锁状态)"可知本段主要讲述了Hearne的梦想。C选项"Soon Hearne's dream began to grow into something bigger.(不久,赫恩的梦想开始变得更大)"符合题意,故选C。
②根据前文"With large areas of grass lands and plenty of sunshine and fresh air , there was no safe way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house.(这里有大片的草原, 充足的阳光和新鲜的空气, 对于害怕的邻居来说, 没有比这更安全的方式了.)"可知, 本段讲述了这个牧场的优势。A选项"The ranch, Hearne realized , should be for everybody.(赫恩意识到, 这个牧场应该适合所有人)"符合题意, 故选A。
③根据后文"Many of them came not just for free cook outs, but for the chance to find peace of mind.(他们中的许多人来不仅仅是为了免费的野炊,而是为了有机会找到内心的平静)"可知, 这里讲述了人们聚集的现象,B选项"As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there.(随着疫情的加深, 当地人开始聚集在那里)"符合题意, 故选B。
④根据前文"His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon for riding lessons Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability , and he grew closer to his grandmother over their shared love of horses.(at他的祖母带他去上太阳与月亮 9 骑马课, 学习用一只手控制马帮助他更好地控制自己的残疾, 他和祖母因为共同热爱马而变得更亲密) "和后文"And I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggle with any sort of psychological issue(我相信这对任何有心理问题的儿童或任何人来说都是如此)"可知, 这里讲述的是这个牧场带给人们内心的力量。G选项"There is something empowering about controlling a thousand - pound animal.(控制一只一千磅重的动物有一种力量)"符合题意, 故选G。
⑤根据前文"Another boy became selectively silent because of his autism.(另一个男孩因为患有自闭症而选择性地保持沉默"可知,本段举这个例子是为了证明牧场带给人的改变, 所以下文应该描述这个男孩自闭症好转起来,E选项"Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his own world.(听了一课又一课,他慢慢地走出了自己的世界)"符合题意,故选E。
9、答案：①-⑤CGBDF
解析：①语境推断题。此空设于段中,与下文存在指代关系。下文中的they指代选项中的solar garden ponds。故选C。
②语境推断题。此空设于段中,与上文存在因果关系。如果没有水泵,池塘可能很难补 给到干净的新水,因此池塘会变脏变臭,到处都是蚊子。故选G。
③语境推断题。此空设于段中,与上文 存在并列关系。上文指出使用免费且可再生的太 阳能给太阳能灯提供能源可以使我们过上一种环保的生活,选项指出其另外一个优点:避免使用不方便的电线线路。故选B。
④主旨归纳题。此空设于段首,为本段主题句。通读本段可知,本段主要介绍靠太阳能提供能源的花园池塘的缺陷。故选D。
⑤主旨归纳题。此空设于段尾,为本段总结句。上文介绍了一些建造太阳能花园池塘需要做的事情,选项说明通过这些努力将会得到很好的结果。故选F。
10、答案：①-⑤GCEAF
解析：①前文说一项研究挑战了前面提到的观点,G项提出这个研究的成果:音乐会阻挠人们的创造性。
②前文说研究人员要求参与实验者在安静的环境中完成指定的任务,本项说,“然后,他们又在有背景音乐的环境中接受测试”,这与前文形成一个完整的信息链。
③本项的“给参与测试者三个单词”与前文的“简单的单词游戏”和下文的The single word, in this case, would be “sun”(sunshine, sunflower, etc)组成一个完整的信息链,故选E。
④前文说背景音乐会“干扰”大脑的记忆,本项的“继而阻碍创造性”与前文内容呼应。
⑤本项的关键信息“挑战了音乐有助于创造性的这个传统观念”与下文内容构成对比。下文说音乐会打断解决问题的创造性思维。
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、七选五
1、 Are you starting to feel a little burnt out by all the texts you’ve getting Constant conversations and messages make it harder to focus and could start stressing you out. ①________ We’ll start with ways to choose and enforce your boundaries if someone tries to reach you when you’re not available.
Set daily times when you're available.
Make a clear schedule each day for when you check your messages and are available to have a conversation. ②________ It’s okay to read the texts you get during your leisure time, but don’t respond to them until you're scheduled. Let anyone who would try to contact you know about your availability so they’re less likely to disturb you in the future.
Use screen time limits for your app usage.
Change your settings so you can’t use apps when you run out of time. Set a time limit for how long you can use your messaging apps. Sometimes you may run out of time. ③________ Remember that it’s okay not to respond right away. If there is an urgent issue, someone can always call you.
④________
Changing your boundaries can be tough, so keep strengthening them. Even though you may still get a lot of text messages, stick to the limits you set for yourself so you don’t stress yourself out or feel the need to reply. Otherwise, if you keep responding when you said you’re unavailable, other people might be confused or get mixed messages.
Silence the person if they don’t respect your boundaries.
Don’t hesitate to cut off communication if they still won’t listen. Some people may not understand your boundaries no matter how often you remind them. If you’re still bombed with messages throughout the day, silence the person or turn off notices from the app they use so you don’t get notified. ⑤________
A. And it is impolite or rude.
B. Be consistent with your boundaries.
C. Adjust the boundaries a little bit occasionally.
D. You may not be able to access the apps until the next day.
E. Give yourself set hours to relieve the pressure of replying right away.
F. Luckily, putting limits on how often you reply leaves you under less pressure.
G. Avoid responding to them so you can pull yourself out of a stressful situation.
2、 You've heard them before. Perfect voices, matching their speakers' attitude, style, and appearance. Most people know how to recognize a good voice simply because they like it and feel attracted to it. ①______ There are reasons why specific voices feel much easier on the ears, and people describe them as smooth.
Good voices usually sound warmer, friendlier, expressive, and controlled. However, a bad voice is the complete opposite. ②______
The question is: ③______ When we have a good conversation with someone, we tend to adjust the pitch (音高) of our own voice towards theirs. But when we find someone attractive, the opposite is true. For men, their pitch goes down, while for women, their pitch goes up. What's more, lowering or raising your pitch might be a sign of how attractive we find our date, but it also makes the other person more attracted to us.
But could putting on an accent help you to appear younger or more masculine (男子汉的) Humans have a remarkable vocal range, but also a good ability to detect fakers. ④______—if we could go around deceiving(欺骗) people all the time with our voices, then the entire communication system would fail. At the end of the day, making your voice sound more attractive, letter, or deeper is a matter of trying. ⑤______ Practice your breathing, keep your pitch in mind, copy good speakers, and learn how to position your voice after you’ve examined it. Record yourself, and see what works and what doesn't.
A. So humans are not easily deceived.
B. However, it’s not only a matter of taste.
C. Spend some time in front of your mirror.
D- Start more conversations with your friends.
E. Do men and women always use the same pitch of voice.
F. It often sounds annoying, hesitant, boring and never changes.
G. Can we use our voice in the right setting to adapt to our needs
3、The Spotlight Effect
Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake Well, here’s some good news: it’s likely that no one even noticed.
①________ We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well. Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do, we may assume that everyone around us will notice. The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class. ②________ In these moments, it feels like everyone is watching.
The spotlight effect exists because we all get used to seeing things through our own eyes. Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance. ③________
The spotlight effect is a very common part of the human experience. However, in some cases, it can lead to extreme social anxiety and nervousness around other people. Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It’s normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people. ④________ If someone is so nervous that they can’t make good decisions, then it’s time to take action and improve the situation.
Learning about the spotlight effect is important because it can help us reduce our anxiety. Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it’s just your mind playing tricks on you. ⑤________ If you fill your mind with thoughts of your friends and family, it will help you be less self-conscious.
A. However, this can be a problem when the anxiety is too much to handle.
B. That’s why fewer people notice the embarrassing circumstances they encounter.
C. Another good exercise is to make an effort to notice the people around you, rather than focusing on yourself.
D. The spotlight effect is a trick of the mind that makes us believe that people notice us more often than they really do.
E. What you can do at this moment is to ignore them.
F. We are so busy examining ourselves that we actually observe very little about everyone around us.
G. It can also appear when we score a big goal, ask someone on a date, or do a good deed.
4、 Smiling is a great way to make yourself stand out while helping your body to function better. It is just one fun way to live longer, read about the others. ①__________
☆Smiling makes you attractive.
②__________ There is an attraction factor. We want to know a smiling person and figure out what is so good. Frowns and sorrows all push people away-but a smile draws them in. When some people are smiling, they lighten up the room, change the moods of others, and make things happier. Smile a lot and you will draw people to you.
☆③__________
Stress can really show up in our faces, while smiling helps to prevent us from looking tired, worn down, and defeated. When you are stressed, it is of great importance to take time to put on a smile, which can trick the body into helping you change your mood. The stress should be reduced and you'll be better able to take action.
☆Smiling lowers your blood pressure.
When you smile, there is a measurable reduction in your blood pressure. ④__________ Sit for a few minutes and take a reading. Then smile for a minute and take another reading while still smiling. Do you notice a difference
☆Smiling makes you seem successful.
Smiling people appear more confident, are more likely to be promoted, and more likely to be approached. ⑤__________ Next time you are feeling down, try putting on a smile. There's a good chance that your mood will change for the better.
A. Smiling relieves stress.
B. We are drawn to people who smile.
C. Here are some reasons to keep smiling in your daily life.
D. Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor at home.
E. The muscles we use to smile lift the face, making a person appear younger.
F. When we smile, our body is sending the rest of us a message that "Life is Good."
G. Put on a smile at meetings and appointments and people will react to you differently.
5、 Cat behavior can often be puzzling and confusing to humans. ①______ Veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren shares her expertise on some common and strange cat behaviors to help you understand why your cat behaves the way it does.
Scratching is a natural behavior for cats. It’s how they make their paws sharper. If cats do not have a suitable surface to scratch, they will choose your furniture or carpet. To protect your furniture, provide at least two scratching posts. These posts need to be stable so they don’t rock or tip over. ②______ Cats tend to scratch when they wake in the morning, so place one post close to where they sleep.
Cats love high places, which give them a sense of safety and allow them to watch everything going below. ③______ And make sure you have several cat items in front of windows so your cat can look outside. If your cat can watch from high up and see the world outside of his home, he is less likely to climb onto the kitchen cupboard and knock down the bowls.
④______ They have the surprising ability to tie themselves in knots without any difficulty. They curl up in unconventional beds, like vases, because they have special bones on the back that allow them to do this. And they take great pride in showing this to you continuously.
If cats eat grass, there are several reasons. They may be seeking the nutrients in the grass have an upset stomach, inducing vomiting (催吐). It is not a problem if your cat enjoys eating ensure it hasn’t been treated with pesticides. Alternatively, offer your cat a pot of clean cat grass to chew, especially indoor cats. ⑤______ If you have any concerns about your cat’s behavior or frequency vomiting, please talk with your vet.
A.Sleeping positions of cats are unusual.
B.They need nutrients in the grass more.
C.Having a rough surface is also required.
D.This is available from most plant gardens.
E.However, there’s often an explanation for their actions.
F.Meanwhile, high places offer them larger space to jump.
G.Put up several shelves so your cat can leap from one to another.
6、 Whether it’s studying for exams, working on a project or struggling with an essay, we've all been under immense stress at some point. When it gets a bit overwhelming, we can reach a level of exhaustion like never before—the awful burnout. ①_______.
According to Psychology Today, burnout isn’t just caused by working long hours; it is more about long-term or repeated exposure to a stressful situation. The result can be feelings like depression and sleepiness. A feeling of loss of control in a work scenario can create a conflict with the sense of self—which can lead to burnout. ②_______ This means that striving to be efficient can result in a reduction in our productivity.
③_______ Well, there are some tips that may help you. Psychologist Albert Bandura's idea of self-efficacy—which is the theory that you should believe in your ability to complete a task at hand—may assist you. A feeling that the task is achievable and that you are capable of succeeding means that a difficult task might be less tiring.
Finding ways to express your creative side may also help. Not everyone has creative aspects to their jobs, and therefore, they need to find other outlets. ④_______ All of these may help to detach them from the overwhelming stress that may exist in their working life.
Looking after yourself and your surroundings can also be beneficial. ⑤_______
This, in turn, leads to another tip, which is to have healthy and positive thoughts. Being negative can be incredibly draining. Having a positive mental attitude towards everything you do means that you may feel more capable as well.
A. But what can we do to avoid the evils of burnout
B. They could paint, white or take part in local theatre.
C. There’s no doubt that a better environment docs good to you.
D. Suffering from burnout can block our creativity and productivity.
E. However, that feeling of exhaustion is not just physical, but can be mental as well.
F. The consequence is that you are surrounded by a cleaner and more positive environment. world.
G. It is pushing ourselves hard that leads to burnout, which is associated with the pressures of the modern world.
7、Choose What to Remember, What to Forget
I was sorting through some boxes in the drawer last week when I came across a teddy bear from my childhood. ①_____ when I saw my faded old friend. In an instant I was reconnected with where I lived, who was around and how I felt.
②_____. I once had thrown away a pair of running shoes that reminded me of the difficult days. According to a recent study it’s possible to use thinking tricks to remove negative associations. And, in the process, you can learn a lot about how memory works — including how to get yours under control.
First, volunteers were shown how to create connections between an item and negative emotions. They did this using vivid mental imagery (意象) — linking a child’s sports shoes to images of a playground accident, for example, so that the object became uncomfortable to have nearby. ③_____. And this turned out to be more than just a temporary distraction (分心). It gradually weakened the bad memories — in some cases, erasing them altogether.
④_____. And you can strengthen both of these factors when you want to remember. For example: pick up a favourite present and enjoy the pictures it brings to mind. On the other hand, when you want to forget the bad associations, practice pushing away any images.
The pictures you attach to things can connect you to some extremely powerful memories, for good or bad. ⑤_____.
A.Unpleasant past memories flashed through my mind.
B.It shows that recall relies on associations and images.
C.Not all objects make such welcome memories, however.
D.Powerful memories flooded back from nearly 50 years before.
E.But the good news is that you can choose to remember the good things.
F.Again, strengthening the images will continually sharpen the memories.
G.Later, they were shown how to actively forget those feelings by pushing away any pictures.
8、 Shannon Hearne’s oldest dream was to own a ranch (牧场). In February 2020, her dream finally came true when she opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch. Then, just a month later, the country slid into COVID-19 lockdown. ①_______
With large areas of grasslands and plenty of sunshine and fresh air, there was no safer way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house. ②_______ Sure, you can sign up for riding lessons or board your horse. But you can also drop by to play with the chickens, goats, and dogs, or join the younger ranchers playing on the big pile of freshly dug dirt. Hearne now saw the ranch as something more than a business—it would be a place the community could call home.
③_______ Many of them came not just for free cookouts, but for the chance to find peace of mind. “I had a vision for the space able to help cure those in need,” says Hearne. One of those people, now 15, was born without fingers on one hand. His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon for riding lessons. Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability, and he grew closer to his grandmother over their shared love of horses. “④_______ And I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggles with any sort of psychological issues,” Hearne says.
Another boy became selectively silent because of his autism (自闭症). ⑤_______ Taking the reins (缰绳), literally, helped him do so in his daily life too. “I could see how the empowerment of riding was helping him feel once again in control of the world around him,” says Hearne.
A. The ranch, Hearne realized, should be for everybody.
B. As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there.
C. Soon Hearne’s dream began to grow into something bigger.
D. Locals desired to put up a tent there when they felt worn out.
E. Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his own world.
F. He went from not answering questions to literally talking our ears off.
G. There is something empowering about controlling a thousand-pound animal.
9、 Ponds(池塘) are a common sight. There are different kinds of ponds. ①_______ Like other kinds of ponds, they can add beauty to a garden or a landscape. The difference is that they're powered by solar energy.
A great pond usually needs an energy source to power up a pump and lights. Without a pump, a pond may hardly receive new clean water. ②_______ A solar-powered pump helps maintain healthy water quality and enables the addition of fish, if desired.
No solar garden pond would be complete without solar-powered lights. They are powered by a free, renewable energy source. This allows us a green life. ③_______ Strategic placement of lights around a pond will result in a beautiful appearance, both during the day and at night.
④_______ The solar pump and lights need to get energy from the sun. Placing a pond in direct sunlight increases the growth of algae(藻) in summer. However, placing it in the shade or partial shade may not produce enough solar energy to keep pumps and lights running.
If you’ve decided to create such a pond, choose a suitable location for your pond, and consider buying proper solar accessories according to your pond's location, size and so on. If possible, you can ask professionals for suggestions. ⑤_______
A. There are many ways to live a green life.
B. The need for inconvenient wiring can be avoided as well.
C. Nowadays, there's a growing interest in solar garden ponds.
D. Using solar energy for such ponds is not without limitations.
E. That is why clean water is key to the survival of human beings.
F. Through your efforts, you are sure to get a beautiful and efficient one in the end.
G. The pond may become dirty and smell bad with a lot of mosquitoes flying around.
10、 More and more people enjoy listening to music while they work, believing that music helps boost creativity. But an international study conducted by English and Swedish researchers is challenging that viewpoint. ①________
To come to their conclusions, researchers had participants complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room. ②________
They found that background music significantly weakened the participants’ ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity. The research team also tested background noises such as those commonly heard in a library, but found that such noises had no impact on subjects’ creativity.
The tasks were simple word games. ③________ Then, they were asked to find a single word that could be combined with the three to form a common phrase or word. The single word, in this case, would be “sun”(sunshine, sunflower, etc.).Participants completed the tasks either in a quiet room or while listening to different types of music.
“We found strong evidence of damaged performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions.” says Dr. McLatchie. Dr. McLatchie with his colleagues concludes that music disturbs the verbal working memory of the brain. ④________ Also, as far as the library background noises have seemingly no effect, the researchers believe that was the case because library noises create a “steady state” environment that doesn’t affect concentration.
“⑤________ Instead, they demonstrate music, regardless of its types, consistently interrupts creative performance in problem solving,” the study reads.
A.And this in turn blocks creativity.
B.First, all participants spoke out three words of their favorite music.
C.Then again, they were tested while music was played in the background.
D.Prior to the task, the participants were not exposed to the music they would listen.
E.For example, participants were given three words, such as dress, shine, and flower.
F.To conclude, the findings challenge the popular view that music encourages creativity.
G.Psychologists from several universities say their findings indicate music actually prevents creativity.
参考答案
1、答案：①-⑤FEDBG
解析：①前句提及不断收到的信息会让你很难集中注意力，F选项说限制回复频率可以帮助你减轻压力，随后便提出具体的方法。
②E选项说，这样给自己设定时间，可以缓解需要马上回复的压力。后文接着说在闲暇时间阅读你收到的短信是可以的。
③前句说，有时你可能会时间限额用完了，你可能要到第二天才能访问这些应用程序，后文接着说：记住，不立即回复也没关系。
④保持你的计划，后文说，改变你的设置是很麻烦的，所以要不断加强。
⑤前文说有些人就是会不断地打扰你， G选项表达：要避免回应他们，这样你就可以把自己从紧张的情况中拉出来。
2、答案：①-⑤BFGAC
解析：①联系下文题。根据下文There are reasons why specific voices feel much easier on the ears, and people describe them as smooth.(有一些原因可以解释为什么特定的声音听起来更容易,而且人们形容它们很流畅。)可知空格处是说明原因,所以B.However, it's not only a matter of taste.(然而,这不仅仅是品味的问题。)符合语境,故选B。
②推理判断题。根据上文 Good voices usually sound warmer, friendlier, expressive, and controlled. However, a bad voice is the complete opposite.(好的声音通常听起来更温暖、友好、富有表现力和克制。然而,糟糕的声音完全相反。)可知此处是好的和坏的声音的对比,所以F.It often sounds annoying, hesitant, boring and never changes.(它通常听起来很烦人、犹豫、无聊,而且从来没有改变过。)符合语境,故选F。
③联系下文题。根据下文When we have a good conversation with someone, we tend to adjust the pitch our own voice towards theirs. But when we find someone attractive, the opposite is true. For men, their pitch goes down, while for women, their pitch goes up. What's more, lowering or raising your pitch might be a sign of how attractive we find our date, but it also makes the other person more attracted to us.(当我们和某人进行愉快的交谈时,我们倾向于调整自己的音调来适应对方。但当我们发现一个人有吸引力时,情况就相反了。对男性来说,他们的音高会下降,而对女性来说,他们的音高会上升。更重要的是,降低或提高音调可能是我们觉得约会对象有多有吸引力的标志,但这也会让对方更被我们吸引。)可知此处讲述了我们的声音会调整,所以G.Can we use our voice in the right setting to adapt to our needs (我们能在合适的场合使用我们的声音来适应我们的需要吗 )符合语境,故选G。
④联系上文题。根据上文Humans have a remarkable vocal range, but also a good ability to detect fakers.(人类有一个非凡的音域,但也有很好的能力来发现骗子。) 所以A.So humans are not easily deceived.(所以人类不容易被欺骗。)符合语境,故选A。
⑤联系下文题。根据下文Practice your breathing, keep your pitch in mind, copy good speakers, and learn how to position your voice after you've examined it.(练习你的呼吸,记住你的音高,模仿优秀的演讲者,并在检查过你的声音后学习如何定位你的声音。)可知此处讲述了在镜子前练习,所以C.Spend some time in front of your mirror.(花点时间在镜子前。)符合语境,故选C。
3、答案：①-⑤DGFAC
解析：①推理判断题。由标题The Spotlight Effect(聚光灯效应),第一段Have you ever felt as if the entire world was watching while you made a mistake Well, here's some good news: it's likely that no one even noticed.(当你犯错误时,你有没有觉得整个世界都在注视着你 好吧,这里有一些好消息:很可能没有人注意到)和下文We have this experience not only when we make mistakes but also when we perform well. Every time we do something that is a little different from what we usually do, we may assume that everyone around us will notice.(我们不仅在犯错时,而且在表现出色时都有这种经历。每次我们做一些与平时稍有不同的事情时,我们都会认为周围的人都会注意到)可知,上下文讲聚光灯效应出现的场合,当人们出错时,人们总觉得会被周围的许多人注意到,但事实真相是：很可能没有人注意到你的行为,说明聚光灯效应只是一种心理作用,是人们自己认为会被注意到的一种现象,可得出D选项"聚光灯效应是一种大脑欺骗我们的手段,让我们误以为别人注意到我们的次数比实际情况更多。"切题,呼应最后一段Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it's just your mind playing tricks on you.(下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候,提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)。故选D项。
②推理判断题。上文"The spotlight effect might happen when we make a mistake in a game, have a bad hair day, or give a terrible answer in class.(聚光灯效应可能发生在我们在比赛中犯错、头发糟糕或在课堂上给出糟糕的答案时)"讲聚光灯效应出现场合的具体事例。G选项"当我们取得一个大的目标,约某人约会或做一件好事时,它也会出现。"符合语境。故选G项。
③段落大意题。由上文Every person is the main character in his or her story, and the events of our lives seem to have great importance.(每个人都是他或她的故事中的主角,我们生活中的事件似乎很重要)可知,人们很关注自己和自己身上发生的事情,该空与上文是因果关系,F选项"我们忙于审视自己,实际上很少观察周围的人。"承接上文讲因为人们更多得关注自己,所以很少注意周围的人。故选F项。
④细节理解题。上文Everyone suffers some degree of social anxiety. We all care about what others think, and we all want to be liked. It's normal to wonder about what effect we have on other people. (每个人都有一定程度的社交焦虑。我们都关心别人的想法,我们都想被人喜欢。想知道我们对其他人有什么影响是正常的)说的是"拥有一定程度的社交焦虑是正常现象" 引出焦虑太多会成问题的事实,衔接下文If someone is so nervous that they can't make good decisions, then it's time to take action and improve the situation.(如果有人过于紧张,无法做出正确的决定,那么是时候采取行动改善这种情况了)讲针对这种情况要采取措施的内容。A选项"然而,当焦虑太多而无法处理时,这可能是一个问题。"符合语境。故选A项。
⑤推理判断题。承接上文Next time you feel like everyone is staring at you, remind yourself that it's just your mind playing tricks on you. (下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候,提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)讲克服聚光灯效应的具体策略。C选项"另一个好的练习是努力去注意你周围的人,而不是专注于你自己。"符合语境。故选C项。
4、答案：CBADG
解析：①细节理解题。本题位于段末,本段主要概述微笑有许多好处,如:让你脱颖而出、更有魅力、让你更长寿等。以及下文的四个小标题可知,本小题是对下文4个小标题的总结。由此可知此题是说在日常生活中保持微笑的原因。分析选项可知C项符合题意,故选C。
②细节理解题。本题位于段首,本段的主题句为"Smiling makes us attractive."以及本段中的"a smile draws them in."可知,微笑让我们有吸引力,我们被微笑的人所吸引。分析选项,可知B项(We are drawn to people who smile.)与本段的意义一致,且有词"draw"的复现。故选B。
③标题归纳题。本小题为一段的小标题,分析下面一段的内容可知,本段是说微笑有助于掩盖你的疲惫,让你的情绪改变,缓解压力,使你更好地行动。分析选项可知,A项Smiling Relieves Stress(微笑缓解压力)符合题意,故选A。
④细节理解题。本题属于段中,本题所在的小标题为"微笑能降低你的血压",本段举例坐几分钟、看书、微笑,最后问"注意到区别了吗 "可知,想知道区别就要用血压计来量一下。分析选项可知D项Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor at home.(如果你家里有血压计,试试看)与此段意义一致,且有词"blood pressure"的复现。故选D项。
⑤推理判断题。本句的前一句"微笑的人看起来更自信,更有可能被晋升,也更有可能被接近。"因此在约会时要微笑,这样就会使你看起来易于接近,开会时微笑更有可能会被晋升。分析选项可知,G项Put on a smile at meetings and appointments and people will react to you differently.(在会议和约会上微笑,人们会对你做出不同的反应。)符合题意,故选G。
5、答案：①-⑤ ECGAD
解析：①逻辑关系题。设空处位于文章首段,上一句提到Cat behavior can often be puzzling and confusing to humans(猫的行为常常会让人类感到困惑),而下文却谈到这位博士要来to help you understand why your cat behaves the way it does(帮助你理解你的猫为什么会有这样的行为),据此可推断,猫的行为看似困惑,实则有章可循,能够被解释,这当中包含了一个承上启下的转折,E选项"However, there's often an explanation for their actions."(然而,他们的行为通常是有原因的)符合语境,故选E。
②逻辑关系题。设空处位于第二段,本段的主题词是Scratching(抓挠),段中提到"To protect your furniture, provide at least two scratching posts."(为了保护你的家具,提供至少两个划痕桩),而C选项Having a rough surface is also required.(表面粗糙也是必须的)是对被抓挠物材质的要求,在此处契合语境,衔接自然,故选C。
③推理判断题。本段的首句是Cats love high places(猫喜欢高处),这也是本段的主题,参照上面的段落,可推断下一句可能谈及具体应该怎么做,而G选项Put up several shelves so your cat can leap from one to another.(放几个架子,这样你的猫就可以从一个架子跳到另一个架子上)正是介绍了通过put up shelves(放架子)的方法满足猫喜欢高处的需要,符合语境,故选G。
④细节理解题。设空处位于段落首句,是对本段内容的概括。根据下一句"They have the surprising ability to tie themselves in knots without any difficulty. They curl up in unconventional beds, like vases"(它们有一种令人惊讶的能力,可以毫无困难地把自己打结。它们蜷缩在非常规的床里面,例如花瓶)可知,此处描述了一种奇怪的姿势,且结合beds(床)的提示,推断出本段可能与猫的睡觉姿势相关,A选项Sleeping positions of cats are unusual(猫睡觉的姿势很不寻常)符合本段语境,故选A。
⑤细节理解题。本段介绍的行为是eat grass(吃草),设空处上一句提到Alternatively, offer your cat a pot of clean cat grass to chew, especially indoor cats.(或者,给你的猫一壶干净的猫草来咀嚼,尤其是室内的猫),而D选项This is available from most plant gardens.(大多数植物花园都有)则介绍了猫草的获取途径,cat grass与plant gardens呼应,此处符合语境,故选D。
6、答案：①-⑤EDABF
解析：①推理判断题。根据前句When it gets a bit overwhelming, we can reach a level of exhaustion like never before—the awful burnout(当它变得有点压倒性时,我们会达到前所未有的疲惫程度可怕的倦怠), 可知表示"然而,这种疲惫感不仅是身体上的,也可能是心理上的"的选项E符合前后的语境, a level of exhaustion是关键词,故选E。
②推理判断题。根据后句This means that striving to be more efficient can result in a reduction in our productivity(这意味着努力提高效率会导致我们的生产力下降),可知表示"精疲力竭会阻碍我们的创造力和生产力"的选项D符合前后的语境,a reduction in our productivity是关键词,故选D。
③主题判断题。根据后句Well, there are some tips that may help you. Psychologist Albert Bandura's idea of self-efficacy—which is the theory that you should believe in your ability to complete a task at hand—may assist you. A feeling that the task is achievable and that you are capable of succeeding means that a difficult task might be less tiring.(哦,这里有一些小贴士可以帮你。心理学家阿尔伯特班杜拉(Albert Bandura)关于自我效能的观点—即你应该相信自己有能力完成手头的任务一可能会对你有所帮助。如果你觉得任务是可以完成的,并且你有能力成功,这意味着-项困难的任务可能不会那么累)，可知表示"但我们能做些什么来避免倦怠的罪恶呢"的选项A符合前后的语境, avoid the evils of burnout是关键词,故选A。
④推理判断题。根据后句All of these may help to detach them from the overwhelming stress that may exist in their working life(所有这些可能有助于他们从工作生活中可能存在的巨大压力中解脱出来),可知表示"他们可以绘画、写作或参加当地剧院的活动"的选项B符合前后的语境, All of these代指paint, write or take part in local theatre,故选B。
⑤推理判断题。根据主题句Looking after yourself and your surroundings can also be beneficial(照顾好自己和周围的环境也是有益的),可知表示"结果是你被一个更干净、更积极的环境包围着"的选项F符合前后的语境, your surroundings是关键词,故选F。
7、答案：DCGBE
解析：①根据上文“I came across a teddy bear from my childhood.(偶然发现了一只童年的泰迪熊)”和下文“In an instant I was reconnected with where I lived, who was around and how I felt.(就在那一刻,我想起了我曾经住的地方、身边的人以及我的感受)”可知,作者在整理抽屉时发现童年旧物,勾起他的回忆,D项“Powerful memories flooded back from nearly 50 years before.(近50年前的强烈记忆如潮水般涌来)”符合语境,句中“from nearly 50 years before”与上文“from my childhood”相照应。故选D项。
②上一段讲作者在整理抽屉时发现童年的泰迪熊,勾起他的美好回忆,下文“I once had thrown away a pair of running shoes that reminded me of the difficult days.(我曾经扔掉了一双跑鞋,它让我想起了那些艰难的日子)”讲作者会扔掉带来不好回忆的旧物品,C项“Not all objects make such welcome memories, however.(然而,并不是所有的物品都有这样的美好回忆)”与上文构成转折关系,引出下文。故选C项。
③上文“First, volunteers were shown how to create connections between an item and negative emotions. They did this using vivid mental imagery (意象)—linking a child's sports shoes to images of a playground accident, for example, so that the object became uncomfortable to have nearby.(首先,研究人员向志愿者展示了如何在物品和负面情绪之间建立联系。他们利用生动的心理意象来实现它,例如,将儿童的运动鞋和操场事故图片联系起来,这样这一物品的存在就会让人感到不舒服)”提到研究人员首先展示如何让人们在物品和负面情绪之间建立联系,下文“And this turned out to be more than just a temporary distraction(分心). It gradually weakened the bad memories—in some cases, erasing them altogether.(事实证明,这不仅仅是暂时的分心。它逐渐削弱了不好的记忆,在某些情况下,完全抹去了它们)”讲这种负面情绪,即不好的记忆,被削弱或抹去。G项“Later, they were shown how to actively forget those feelings by pushing away any pictures.(然后,研究人员向他们展示了如何通过排斥画面来主动忘记这些情绪)”介绍了削弱或抹去负面情绪的方法,下文是其结果,上下文语意连贯,且G项中“Later, they were shown how to...”与上文“First, volunteers were shown how to...”相照应。故选G项。
④下文“And you can strengthen both of these factors when you want to remember. For example: pick up a favourite present and enjoy the pictures it brings to mind. On the other hand, when you want to forget the bad associations, practice pushing away any images.(当你想要记忆的时候,你可以加强这两个因素。比如,拿起一件最喜欢的礼物,享受它带给你的画面。另一方面,当你想要忘记不好的联想时,练习排斥任何画面)”通过举例的方式证明,记忆可以强化,与联想和画面有关,B项“It shows that recall relies on associations and images.(这表明回忆依赖于联想和画面)”是段首中心句,下文是对它的阐述,同时B项是对上一段中实验结果的总结,上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
⑤根据前文可知,回忆依赖于联想和画面,我们可以选择记住美好的事情。上文“The pictures you attach to things can connect you to some extremely powerful memories, for good or bad.(你附加在事物上的画面可以将你与一些极其强大的记忆联系起来,它们可能是美好的记忆,也可能是糟糕的记忆讲我们的记忆可能是美好的,也可能是糟糕的)”,因为有了前文中的方法,所以我们可以“选择记住美好的事情”。E项“But the good news is that you can choose to remember the good things.(但好消息是,你可以选择记住美好的事情)”与上文构成转折关系,上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
8、答案：CABGE
解析：①根据前文"In February 2020 , her dream finally came true when she opened the gates of Sun and Moon Ranch. Then, just a month later, the county slid into COVID -19 lockdown(2020 年2月, 她的梦想终于实现了, 她打开了日月牧场的大门。然而, 就在一个月后, 该县进入了COVID-19 封锁状态)"可知本段主要讲述了Hearne的梦想。C选项"Soon Hearne's dream began to grow into something bigger.(不久,赫恩的梦想开始变得更大)"符合题意,故选C。
②根据前文"With large areas of grass lands and plenty of sunshine and fresh air , there was no safe way for frightened neighbors to get out of the house.(这里有大片的草原, 充足的阳光和新鲜的空气, 对于害怕的邻居来说, 没有比这更安全的方式了.)"可知, 本段讲述了这个牧场的优势。A选项"The ranch, Hearne realized , should be for everybody.(赫恩意识到, 这个牧场应该适合所有人)"符合题意, 故选A。
③根据后文"Many of them came not just for free cook outs, but for the chance to find peace of mind.(他们中的许多人来不仅仅是为了免费的野炊,而是为了有机会找到内心的平静)"可知, 这里讲述了人们聚集的现象,B选项"As the pandemic deepened, locals began to gather there.(随着疫情的加深, 当地人开始聚集在那里)"符合题意, 故选B。
④根据前文"His grandmother brought him to Sun and Moon for riding lessons Learning to control a horse with one hand helped him better manage his disability , and he grew closer to his grandmother over their shared love of horses.(at他的祖母带他去上太阳与月亮 9 骑马课, 学习用一只手控制马帮助他更好地控制自己的残疾, 他和祖母因为共同热爱马而变得更亲密) "和后文"And I believe this is especially true for children or anyone who struggle with any sort of psychological issue(我相信这对任何有心理问题的儿童或任何人来说都是如此)"可知, 这里讲述的是这个牧场带给人们内心的力量。G选项"There is something empowering about controlling a thousand - pound animal.(控制一只一千磅重的动物有一种力量)"符合题意, 故选G。
⑤根据前文"Another boy became selectively silent because of his autism.(另一个男孩因为患有自闭症而选择性地保持沉默"可知,本段举这个例子是为了证明牧场带给人的改变, 所以下文应该描述这个男孩自闭症好转起来,E选项"Lesson by lesson, Hearne watched him slowly come out of his own world.(听了一课又一课,他慢慢地走出了自己的世界)"符合题意,故选E。
9、答案：①-⑤CGBDF
解析：①语境推断题。此空设于段中,与下文存在指代关系。下文中的they指代选项中的solar garden ponds。故选C。
②语境推断题。此空设于段中,与上文存在因果关系。如果没有水泵,池塘可能很难补 给到干净的新水,因此池塘会变脏变臭,到处都是蚊子。故选G。
③语境推断题。此空设于段中,与上文 存在并列关系。上文指出使用免费且可再生的太 阳能给太阳能灯提供能源可以使我们过上一种环保的生活,选项指出其另外一个优点:避免使用不方便的电线线路。故选B。
④主旨归纳题。此空设于段首,为本段主题句。通读本段可知,本段主要介绍靠太阳能提供能源的花园池塘的缺陷。故选D。
⑤主旨归纳题。此空设于段尾,为本段总结句。上文介绍了一些建造太阳能花园池塘需要做的事情,选项说明通过这些努力将会得到很好的结果。故选F。
10、答案：①-⑤GCEAF
解析：①前文说一项研究挑战了前面提到的观点,G项提出这个研究的成果:音乐会阻挠人们的创造性。
②前文说研究人员要求参与实验者在安静的环境中完成指定的任务,本项说,“然后,他们又在有背景音乐的环境中接受测试”,这与前文形成一个完整的信息链。
③本项的“给参与测试者三个单词”与前文的“简单的单词游戏”和下文的The single word, in this case, would be “sun”(sunshine, sunflower, etc)组成一个完整的信息链,故选E。
④前文说背景音乐会“干扰”大脑的记忆,本项的“继而阻碍创造性”与前文内容呼应。
⑤本项的关键信息“挑战了音乐有助于创造性的这个传统观念”与下文内容构成对比。下文说音乐会打断解决问题的创造性思维。