中考英语语法教学课件-专题4 数词

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名称 中考英语语法教学课件-专题4 数词
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更新时间 2022-12-14 09:21:05

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(共42张PPT)
专题1  名词
专题2  代词
专题3  冠词
专题4  数词
专题5 介词和介词短语
专题6 形容词和副词
专题7 连词
专题8 系动词和情态动词
专题9 动词短语及词义辨析
专题10 动词的时态和语态
专题11 非谓语动词
专题12 主谓一致
专题13 简单句(陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句)
专题14 复合句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)
专题4  数词
专题4  数词
┃考点直击┃
中考考点
1.数词和序数词的构成和用法。
2.年、月、日、时间的基本表达方式和分数、加减法
以及hundred, thousand, million等的用法。
专题4  数词
1 数词表示编号
通常情况下,表示年级、班级、排、房间、课等的编号要用基数词,且基数词要居后,表示“年级”等名词的首字母要大写;若基数词用英语表示,其首字母也要大写。若要用序数词表示,则序数词前必须加the。如: Lesson One/The first lesson 第1课,Room 306 306号房间,Row Four/The fourth row 第4排,Class Three, Grade Nine 九年级三班
专题4  数词
2 基数词的拼写
1.0—12单独记。如:zero, one, two, three等。
2.13—19词尾都是teen。如: fourteen, seventeen等,但
13—thirteen,15—fifteen,18—eighteen需要特殊记。
3.20,30,40等整数的基数词均以-ty结尾。如: 20—
twenty,30—thirty,40—forty,50—fifty,80—eighty等。
4.“几十几”要加连字符号“-”。如: 48—forty-eight, 97—
ninety-seven等。
专题4  数词
5.“几百几十”或者“几百几十几”在百后加and。如:156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine等。
6.四位数或者四位数以上的基数词书写时从右往左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号为 thousand(千),第二个逗号为 million(百万),第三个逗号为billion(十亿)。如: 3,610=three thousand six hundred and ten; 94,295=ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five;274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand, three hundred and fifty等。
专题4  数词
3 确数和概数的表达
“基数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion”表示确定数目;表达不确定数目,即数百、数千等时,要用“hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of+名词复数形式”表达,前可加many, several等。 如:
____________ students 五百名学生; many/several _____________ students 数千名学生
five hundred
thousands of
专题4  数词
4 以-ty结尾的基数词复数形式的意义
从20至90以-ty结尾的基数词表示年代或岁数时,以复数形式出现。如:
in the 1990s/in the 1990's
在二十世纪九十年代
in her forties在她四十多岁时
专题4  数词
5 序数词的构成与功能
序数词除用来表示编号外,还可用来表示事物的先后顺序,多与定冠词、物主代词或名词所有格连用。注意下列数词的拼写与转换: one—first; two—_________; three—third; five—fifth; eight—eighth; nine—________; twelve—twelfth; forty—__________
记忆口诀: 基变序,有规律。 词尾加上th。 一二三,特殊记,词尾字母t d d。八减t,九减e,f要把ve替。ty把y变成i,记住th 前有个e。
second
ninth
fortieth
专题4  数词
6 不定冠词a/an与序数词连用
序数词除了与定冠词、物主代词或名词所有格等连用表示顺序外,还可与a/an连用,意为“再一,又一”,相当于another。如:
Then they had a second child—a son.
后来他们又有了一个孩子——一个儿子。
专题4  数词
7 分数的构成以及当其作主语时谓语动词的单复数形式
1.分数的一般构成: 分子用基数词,分母序数词;若分子大于1,分母加s。如: 1/3 —a(one) third, 2/3 —two thirds。
注意: 1/2 —one half或a half(但不说one second), 3/4—three quarters/three fourths
2.分数词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应由后面名词的数确定: 后面的名词为可数名词复数形式时,谓语动词用复数形式;为不可数名词或可数名词单数时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
专题4  数词
Three fifths of the work ______ hard to finish.
五分之三的工作很难完成。
Three fifths of the students in our class ________
League members.
我们班五分之三的学生是共青团员。
注意: 数词作主语时,谓语动词多使用单数形式。如:
What's two and/plus three?二加三等于几?
is
are
专题4  数词
8 时间的表达法
1.整点钟: 基数词+o'clock
2.非整点时间: 顺读(先说点钟,再说分钟)或逆读
(1)当分钟数≤30时,可用“分钟+past+点钟”表示。如:
7:25 twenty-five past seven
(2)当分钟数大于30时,可用“(60-分钟数)+to+(点钟+1)”表示。如: 7:35 twenty-five to eight
注意: 15 minutes=a quarter,30 minutes=half
专题4  数词
9 日期表达法
日期表达法的顺序为“月+日+年”,“日”和“年”之间需用逗号隔开,也可以用“日+月+年”来表示。如:
August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日);10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)
专题4  数词
10 特殊短语的表达
半小时→half an hour, 一天半→one and a half days或one/a day and a half, 一两天→one or two days或one day or two, 一次→once, 两次→twice, 三五次→three or five times
专题4  数词
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1.We planted ________ trees last year.
A.hundreds of   B.hundred of
C.five hundreds D.five hundred of
┃考点过关 ┃
【答案】 A
专题4  数词
2.________ of our classmates are good at basketball.
A.Three quarters B.Three fourth
C.Third four
【答案】 A
专题4  数词
3.—What day is it today
—It's Monday, and it's my ________ birthday.
A.fifteen B.fifteenth
C.the fifteen D.the fifteenth
【答案】 B
专题4  数词
4.— ________ of volunteers will be needed for 2014 International Horticulture Exposition in Qingdao.
—Let's go and ________ them.
A.Thousands; join
B.Thousand; be a member of
C.Three thousand; take part in
D.Thousands; be in
【答案】 A
专题4  数词
5.It's said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two third; has B.two thirds; have
C.two third; are D.two thirds; is
【答案】 D
专题4  数词
6.There are ________ people in my family. We live on the ________ floor in a tall building.
A.five; six B.fifth; sixth
C.fifth; six D.five; sixth
【答案】 D
专题4  数词
7.I think ________ of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam ________ easy.
A.two thirds; is B.second three; are
C.two thirds; are D.two third; are
【答案】 C
专题4  数词
8.My friend Dale is in ________.
A.One Class, Grade Nine
B.class two, grade eight
C.Class Four, Grade Nine
D.Grade 9, Class 3
【答案】 C
专题4  数词
Ⅱ. 根据句意及提示写出正确的单词
1.My cousin lives on the __________ (twenty) floor of the building. He uses a lift to go up and down.
2.There are f_____ students in our class, twenty boys and twenty girls.
3.A q______ is another way of saying 15 minutes.
twentieth
orty
uarter
4.About two ____________ (千) people left their
hometown because of the terrible sandstorm.
5.—How often do you go swimming in summer
—________ (two) a week.
thousand
Twice
专题4  数词
1.—Excuse me, sir. Here's a package for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in
—________.
A.308 Room B.Room 308
C.The Room 308 D.The 308 Room
┃语法专练 ┃
【答案】 B 
专题4  数词
2.John lives on ________ floor. He use a lift to go up and down.
A.nine B.the ninth
C.ninth D.a ninth
【答案】 B 
专题4  数词
3.This is the ________ time in ________ days that he has done the same thing.
A.second; third B.two; three
C.two; third D.second; three
【答案】 D 
专题4  数词
4.There are over ________ students in their school.
A.hundreds B.nine hundreds
C.nine hundred D.hundreds of
【答案】 C 
专题4  数词
5.Nearly ________ of the earth ________ covered by sea.
A.three fourth; is B.three fourths; is
C.three fourth; are D.three fourths; are
【解析】 B 表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词;当分子大于一时,分母的序数词要用复数。若分数作主语,谓语动词的数与后面的名词的数一致。  
专题4  数词
6. Did you know that the earth is home to ________ animals
A.million B.millions
C.million of D.millions of
【解析】 D hundred, thousand, million等后面若有of,则要用复数形式且前面不能加具体数字。
专题4  数词
7.The volunteers sent ________ books to a mountain village school on Children's Day.
A.two hundreds of B.two hundred of
C.two hundreds D.two hundred
【解析】 D hundred, thousand, million等前面若有具体数字,要用单数形式。
专题4  数词
8.—How much does it cost to build that tall building
—Four ________ yuan.
A.million B.millions
C.millions of D.million of
【答案】 A 
专题4  数词
9.The Great Pyramid is about ________ high.
A.144 meter B.144-meter
C.144-meters D.144 meters
【解析】 D 144 meters high在句中作表语;144-meter-high为“基数词+单数名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词,在句中作定语。  
专题4  数词
10.________ percent of the boys ________ playing football.
A.Seventy; likes B.The seventieth; like
C.Seventy; like D.The seventieth; likes
【解析】 C 表示百分数时用“基数词+percent”。若表示几分之几或百分之几十的人或物时,要在名词前加of; 作主语时,谓语动词的数与后面的名词的数一致。  
专题4  数词
11.________ the world's books and newspapers are written in English.
A.Three thirds B.Three fourth of
C.Three quarters of D.Three quarters
【答案】 C 
专题4  数词
12.To finish the task, we've tried three times, and after dinner we'll try ________ time.
A.the fourth B.a fourth
C.fourth D.four
【答案】 B 
专题4  数词
13.To finish the task on time, at least ________ workers are needed.
A.five another B.more five
C.another five D.other five
【答案】 C 
专题4  数词
14.After having a cup of tea, he asked for _______.
A.two more B.more two
C.more than two D.two cups
【答案】 A 
专题4  数词
15.The old building was founded ________.
A.in 1820s B.in the 1820
C.in the 1820s D.in the 1820s'
【答案】 C 
专题4  数词
16.It took me ________ to climb to the top of the hill yesterday.
A.one and a half hours B. half and an hour
C.an hour and one half D. one o'clock and a half
【解析】 A one and a half hours=one hour and a half,意为“一个半小时”。
专题4  数词
17.Take the medicine________.
A.three times everyday
B.three times a day
C.a day third times
D.three times some day
【答案】 B 
专题4  数词
18.Lily came ________ in the race.
A.second B.a second
C.the second D.the second's
【解析】 A 序数词表达名次时,不和定冠词the连用。