中考英语语法教学课件-专题6 形容词和副词

(共70张PPT)
专题1 　名词
专题2 　代词
专题3 　冠词
专题4 　数词
专题5 介词和介词短语
专题6 形容词和副词
专题7 连词
专题8 系动词和情态动词
专题9 动词短语及词义辨析
专题10 动词的时态和语态
专题11 非谓语动词
专题12 主谓一致
专题13 简单句（陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句）
专题14 复合句（宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句）
专题6 　形容词和副词
专题6 　形容词和副词
┃考点直击┃
(1)形容词主要是用来修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词。
(2)副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子的词，表示动作的特征、状态的特征或某种性质的程度。常见考点如下：
专题6 　形容词和副词
1　形容词作定语及位置
形容词作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的性质差不多，则音节少的在前，音节多的在后。如：
a light blue woolen sweater一件浅蓝色的羊毛衫
a nice interesting storybook一本有趣的故事书
[注意] 下列情形中形容词作定语时要后置。
(1)形容词修饰something, anything, nothing等复合不定代
词时，须后置。如：
Do you have ____________________ to tell us
你有重要的事情要告诉我们吗？
专题6 　形容词和副词
anything important
专题6 　形容词和副词
(2)表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的
名词之后。如：
The Great Wall is over six thousand kilometers long.
长城有六千多米长。
(3)else只能作后置定语，修饰疑问代词what, who和不定
代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody
等。如：
Who else could it belong to 它还能是别的什么人的呢？
2　形容词作表语
afraid, terrified, frightened(害怕的), alone(单独的), asleep(睡着的), awake(醒着的), alive(活着的), well(健康的), ill(生病的)等形容词在句中通常作表语(有时可作后置定语)。如：
The fish we caught is still alive.我们捉的这条鱼还活着。
Who is the greatest man alive 谁是在世的最伟大的人？
专题6 　形容词和副词
[注意]有些形容词只能作定语： little(小的), only(唯一的), wooden(木质的), elder(年长的), English－speaking(讲英语的), kind-hearted (善良的), man-made (人造的), take-away (可以带走的), five-year-old(5岁的)等。如：
a kind-hearted man 一个心地善良的人
专题6 　形容词和副词
3　貌似副词的形容词
lonely (孤独的)，__________(友好的), lively(生动的), ________(可爱的), weekly(每周的)等貌似副词，其实是形容词。如：
The girl is pretty and lovely.
这个女孩既美丽又可爱。
专题6 　形容词和副词
friendly
lovely
4　副词的语法功能与位置
1．时间副词和地点副词一般放在句尾。如果句中同时出现时间副词和地点副词，地点副词一般位于时间副词之前。如：
We'll fly there tomorrow.我们明天将乘飞机去那里。
2．方式副词hard, well, fast, quickly等通常位于不及物动词之后，及物动词之前。如：
John works very hard. 约翰工作非常努力。
She quickly cooked the supper, then cleaned the house. 她迅速地做好晚饭，然后打扫房间。
专题6 　形容词和副词
专题6 　形容词和副词
3．频度副词 often, usually, always等通常位于行为动词之前，be动词之后；有时为了强调，可以提到句首。如：
I __________ come by bus.我通常坐公共汽车来。
Lei Feng is always ready to help others.
雷锋总是乐于帮助别人。
Usually, he catches the number 11 bus to work, but sometimes he goes by bike.
通常他乘11路公交车去上班，但有时候也骑自行车去。
usually　
4．程度副词very, much, quite, rather, too, pretty等一般放在被修饰成分之前，但enough须放在被修饰成分之后。如：
It was a pretty serious accident.
这是一次相当严重的事故。
They know well enough what we mean.
他们当然懂得我们的意思。
专题6 　形容词和副词
5．表示情感、态度等的副词luckily, unfortunately, however等常修饰整个句子。多位于句首，且常用逗号隔开。如：
__________， the police came right away.
很幸运，警察马上就来了。
Luckily
专题6 　形容词和副词
5　比较等级的构成
比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1．规则变化
专题6 　形容词和副词
种类 构成 例词
一般情况 加-er, -est tall—taller—tallest
long—______—_______
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词 加-r，-st nice—nicer—nicest
large—______—_______
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节词 双写该辅音字母，
再加-er，-est big—bigger—biggest
thin—______—________
longer
longest
larger
largest
thinner
thinnest
专题6 　形容词和副词
“以辅音字母＋y”结尾的词 变y为i, 再
加-er，-est busy—busier—busiest
funny—_______—________
部分双音节词和多音节词 前面加
more，
most important—more important
—most important
easily—more easily—most
easily
funnier
funniest
2.不规则变化
good/well—better—best
little—______—_______
bad/ill—worse—worst
old—older/elder—oldest/eldest
much/many—________—________
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
[提醒] 已通过加词尾-er或-est构成的比较级或最高级的形
容词，其前不可再加more或most。
less
least
more
专题6 　形容词和副词
most
6　比较等级的用法
1．当表示两者程度相同时，用“as＋形容词/副词原级 ＋as＋比较对象”。如：
Are you as careful as Simon 你跟西蒙一样认真吗？
2．当表示一方不如另一方时，用“not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋比较对象”。如：
He doesn't write as/so carefully as me.
他不如我写得认真。
专题6 　形容词和副词
3．当表示一方超过另一方时，要用“比较级＋than＋比较对象”。如：
He is ________ than me.他比我高。
4．当表示在三个或三个以上的人或物中程度最高时，用“the＋最高级＋in/of/among短语”。如：
She sings (the) best of all.
所有人中她唱得最好。
taller
专题6 　形容词和副词
7　形容词的习惯搭配
表示人口的“多少”习惯用big, large, small表示，而不用much, little；表示价格的“高低”用high, low，而不用expensive, cheap等。
专题6 　形容词和副词
8　比较等级的修饰语
比较级前常用much, even, far, a lot, a bit, a little等词或短语来修饰；very, quite, so, too多修饰原级。如：
It's even ________ than yesterday.
今天比昨天更冷。
colder
9　特殊结构
1．“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“more and more＋原级”表示“越来越……”。如：
The weather gets warmer and warmer in spring.
春天天气变得越来越暖和。
Our city is becoming ________________________．
我们的城市变得越来越漂亮了。
专题6 　形容词和副词
more and more beautiful
2．“The＋比较级…，the＋比较级…”表示“越……就越……”。如：
The more you read, the more interested you will feel in J．K.Rowling's books.你读得越多，你就会对J.K.Rowling的书越感兴趣。
3．“the＋比较级＋of two(＋名词复数)”表示“二者中较……的”。如：
Paul is the fatter of the two children in his family.
保罗是他家两个孩子中较胖的。
专题6 　形容词和副词
4．“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数” 表示“最……之一”。最高级前还可以用物主代词或名词所有格来修饰。如：
That is one of Jim's _________________ books.
那是吉姆最有趣的书之一。
5．“序数词＋最高级”表示“第几最……的”。如：
Hainan Island is the second _________ island in China.海南岛是中国第二大岛。
专题6 　形容词和副词
most interesting
largest
Ⅰ.单项选择
1． We can hardly believe that you learn to
dance so ________．
A．quick　　　　　　　 B．quickly
C．useful D．usefully
┃考点过关 ┃
【答案】 B
专题6 　形容词和副词
2． You are doing great! I've never had
________ answer before.
A．better B．best
C．a better D．the best
【答案】 C
专题6 　形容词和副词
3． Martha is a ________ girl. She always
smiles and says hello to others.
A．shy B．friendly
C．crazy D．healthy
【答案】 B
专题6 　形容词和副词
4.Some animals can even see things
________ in the dark.
A．bad B．badly
C．clear D．clearly
【答案】 D
专题6 　形容词和副词
5．Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to
be ________ for me.
A．difficult B．too difficult
C．more difficult D．the most difficult
【答案】 D
专题6 　形容词和副词
6．Sometimes walking is even ________ than driving
during the busy traffic time.
A．fast B．faster
C．slow D．slower
【答案】 B
专题6 　形容词和副词
7．The air in the countryside is ________. So many
people from the city go there on weekends.
A．soft B．Pretty
C．fresh D．delicious
【答案】 C
专题6 　形容词和副词
8．David jumped ________ in the long jump. He won
the game!
A．longest B．farthest
C．fastest D．highest
【答案】 B
专题6 　形容词和副词
Ⅱ.根据句意及提示写出正确的单词或短语
1．[2013·张家口一模] Now new technology is _______
(wide) used in the field of medicine in the world.
2．[2013·邯郸二模] Don't be so _________(care), or
you may make some mistakes.
3．[2012·河北] The father was ________(pride) of his
son's efforts at school.
widely　
专题6 　形容词和副词
careless　
proud　
4． My classmate and I were ________
(excite) when we watched China's first spacewalking.
5． Look, the mother is kissing the baby
________ (soft)．
6．The more exercises we do, the
_____________ (easy) we will work out the problem.
excited
专题6 　形容词和副词
softly
more easily
7．—Ann, I am worried I'm getting fatter.
What shall I do
—I think you should eat ______ (little) food and do
more exercise.
8．He works in the __________ (big)
company in the world.
less
专题6 　形容词和副词
biggest
9．[2013·邯郸一模] Lucy is one of the _________ (thin)
girls in her class.
10．[2014预测] It's summer now and the weather is
getting ________________ (越来越热)．
thinnest
专题6 　形容词和副词
hotter and hotter
形容词
1．The panda isn't ________ to go through the hole.
A．enough fat B．enough thin
C．thin enough D．fat enough
┃语法专练 ┃
【答案】 C　
专题6 　形容词和副词
2．—Did you read today's newspaper
—Yes, I did. There is ________. Do you want to
know it
A．exciting something B．something exciting
C．exciting anything D．anything exciting
【答案】 B　　
专题6 　形容词和副词
3．You must keep your eyes ________ when you do
eye exercises.
A．close B．open
C．closed D．opened
【答案】 C　
专题6 　形容词和副词
4． The Internet is really ________ to us.
We can download a lot of things from it.
A．useful B．difficult
C．different D．safe
【答案】 A　
专题6 　形容词和副词
5．After the rebuilding, our school is
becoming ________.
A．more and more beautiful
B．more beautiful and beautiful
C．beautiful and beautiful
D．the more beautiful
【解析】 A　多音节词的比较级连用时，用“more and more＋多音节形容词”形式，表示“越来越……”。
专题6 　形容词和副词
6．I know this plan is far from perfect, but
I just can't think of ________ one.
A．a better B．the better
C．a best D．the best
【答案】 A　
专题6 　形容词和副词
7．________ children there are in a family,
________ their life will be.
A．The less; the better B．The fewer; the better
C．Fewer; richer D．More; poorer
【解析】 B　本题考查“the ＋比较级， the ＋比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”；children是可数名词复数，故用fewer。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
8. China has ________ population in the world.
A．bigger B．the largest
C．the biggest D．larger
【解析】 B　表示人口“多少”用large和small。根据句意“中国是世界上人口最多的国家”可知，此题应用形容词的最高级。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
9．Emma always makes a lot of mistakes. She is
________.
A．care B．careful
C．carefully D．careless
【答案】 D　
专题6 　形容词和副词
10．The old man was found ________ in the living
room.
A．died B．dead
C．death D．die
【解析】 B　dead是形容词，意为“死的”，在句中作宾语补足语。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
11．There is no ________ model plane as yours in
the box.
A．such a beautiful B．such beautiful a
C．so a beautiful D．such beautiful
【解析】 D　本题考查“so＋ adj. ＋a/an ＋n. ＝ such＋a/an ＋ adj. ＋ n. ”结构， 此题易误选A。解题时应兼顾no的用法： no＋ n. ＝ not ＋a/an ＋n. (上述n. 均为单数可数名词), no＋ n. (复数)＝ not any＋ n. (复数)。
专题6 　形容词和副词
12．He is ________ scientist.
A．a Chinese famous B．a famous Chinese
C．Chinese a famous D．famous a Chinese
【解析】 B　多个形容词作前置定语时，顺序为“限定词(a)＋描绘性形容词(famous) ＋表示国籍的形容词(Chinese)”。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
13．It's ________ today. The radio says it won't stop
raining until next week.
A．fine B．rainy
C．windy D．cloudy
【答案】 B　
专题6 　形容词和副词
14．What he said sounds ________.
A．nicely B．pleasantly
C．friendly D．wonderfully
【解析】 C　sound是连系动词，其后接形容词作表语，这里只有friendly是形容词。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
15．The ________ boy had been sent to the hospital
before his mother got back home.
A．ill B．dangerous
C．sick D．naughty
【解析】 C　ill和sick都有“生病的”意思，但ill只能作表语；sick既可以作表语，又可以作定语。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
16．I don't just believe the advertisement. That kind
of camera is ________ it is advertised.
A．not as good as B．as good as
C．not as well as D．as well as
【解析】 A　“not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as…”意为“……不如……”。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
17．Parents enjoy any progress their
children have made and will feel ________ them.
A．angry with B．interested in
C．proud of D．worried about
【解析】 C　feel proud of意为“以……为骄傲”。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
18．This garden is ________ more beautiful than
that one.
A．too B．quite
C．rather D．a little
【解析】 D　a little, far, even, much等可以修饰比较级。
专题6 　形容词和副词
副词
19．This kind of cake looks ________ and sells
________.
A．good; good B．good; well
C．well; well D．well; good
【解析】 B　look是连系动词，后须接形容词作表语。sell是实义动词，用副词well修饰，well作形容词时意为“健康的”。
专题6 　形容词和副词
20． —Why are you driving so _______，
Tony I'm feeling sick.
—Sorry, but the train is leaving in 20 minutes.
We have to hurry.
A．often B．fast C．hard D．slowly
【答案】 B　　
专题6 　形容词和副词
21. Stay away from junk food, please. It‘s bad for us，
________ for children!
A．recently B．especially
C．probably D．nearly
【答案】 B　
专题6 　形容词和副词
22．Elephants eat ________， but they can move
________ when necessary.
A．noisy; silent B．noisily; silently
C．noisily; silence D．noisy; silence
【解析】 B　eat和move均为行为动词，故用副词来修饰。noisy，silent为形容词，silence为名词， noisily 和silently均为副词， 故选B。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
23．—I didn't know you go to school
by taxi.
—Oh, I ________ take a taxi to school, but my
bike needs repairing.
A．always B．sometimes
C．often D．seldom
【答案】 D　
专题6 　形容词和副词
24．Tom does his homework ________ Lucy.
A．as carefully as B．so careful as
C．as careful as D．so carefully as
【答案】 A　
专题6 　形容词和副词
25．—Are you satisfied with the result of the exam
—Not at all. I can't have ________.
A．a worse one B．a better one
C．the worse one D．the best one
【答案】 A　
专题6 　形容词和副词
26．I play basketball every day because I want to
play as ________ as Yao Ming.
A．better B．well
C．best D．good
【答案】 B　
专题6 　形容词和副词
27．—How was the weather the day before yesterday
—It was terrible. It rained ________. We could
________ go out.
A．hard; hard B．hard; hardly
C．hardly; hardly D．hardly; hard
【解析】 B　rain hard/heavily 意为“雨下得大”；hardly为否定副词，意为“几乎不”，故选B。　
专题6 　形容词和副词
28. Of the two coats, she'd like to choose the _______
one to save money for a book.
A．cheapest B．cheaper
C．more expensive D．most expensive
【答案】 B　
专题6 　形容词和副词
29．I think math is ________ difficult than English.
A．very B．much
C．as D．much more
【解析】 D　在二者之间进行比较用比较级，difficult 的比较级是more difficult，much在此修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。
专题6 　形容词和副词
30． We arrived at the station too early and
had ________ to go, so we sat there and chatted
with each other.
A．somewhere B．anywhere
C．everywhere D．nowhere
【答案】 D　
专题6 　形容词和副词
31． —Steve，________ do you play
basketball after school
—Twice a week. It can keep me healthy.
A．how far B．how soon
C．how long D．how often
【解析】 D　对频率进行提问用how often。　
专题6 　形容词和副词
32．Jack is good at drawing. I think no one draws
________.　
A．better B．best
C．worse D．worst
【解析】 A　句意： 杰克擅长画画，我想没有人(比他)画得更好了。此处暗示其他人与杰克比较，故选A。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
33. —Steve is good at writing short stories.
—So he is. But he writes ________ than us. So
he can't get good grades in writing.
A．most carefully B．more carefully
C．less carefully D．least carefully
【答案】 C　
专题6 　形容词和副词
34．None of the students watched it ________.
A．enough careful B．carefully enough
C．careful enough D．enough carefully
【解析】 B　enough修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在所修饰词的后面，句中watch为动词，应用副词修饰，故选B。 　
专题6 　形容词和副词
35. Funtawild Adventure is very popular and ________
tourists visit it year by year.
A. more and more B．fewer and fewer
C．less and less D．more or less
【答案】 A　
专题6 　形容词和副词
36．—________ scientific technologies are needed
in developing our city.
—I agree with you. In this way, we can make
________ mistakes.
A．Fewer; less B．Less; more
C．More; fewer D．More; more
【答案】 C　
专题6 　形容词和副词