中考英语语法教学课件-专题11 非谓语动词

(共66张PPT)
专题1 　名词
专题2 　代词
专题3 　冠词
专题4 　数词
专题5 介词和介词短语
专题6 形容词和副词
专题7 连词
专题8 系动词和情态动词
专题9 动词短语及词义辨析
专题10 动词的时态和语态
专题11 非谓语动词
专题12 主谓一致
专题13 简单句（陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句）
专题14 复合句（宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句）
专题11 　非谓语动词
专题11 　非谓语动词
┃考点直击┃
中考考点
1．动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、
状语的用法。
2．动名词的用法(很少考查)。
3．现在分词和过去分词的用法(很少考查)。
专题11 　非谓语动词
1　动词不定式
1. 作主语
常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。如：
To ask the teacher for help is necessary.
＝It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.
向老师求教是必要的。
2．作宾语
(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有want, like, hope, agree, decide, wish, learn, remember 等。如：
I hope to get there before dark.我希望天黑以前到那儿。
(2)在 think, find, make 等动词后常用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。如：
I found it difficult to solve the problem.
我发现解决这个问题很难。
专题11 　非谓语动词
专题11 　非谓语动词
3．作宾语补足语
(1)后接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell, ask, allow, want, help, wish, teach, warn, encourage等。如：
I'll invite Tom to go with me.我将邀请汤姆一起去。
(2)不带to的不定式作宾补，常见的动词有hear, see, watch, let, have, make 等。如：
I often see them play basketball on the playground.
我经常看见他们在操场上打篮球。
4．作状语
不定式作状语，修饰动词、形容词和副词，表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。中考重点考查不定式作目的状语。 如：
Later he left home to work in different cities.
后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。
专题11 　非谓语动词
5．作定语(须后置)
I don't have a partner to practice English with.
我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。
6．作表语
Their duty is to look after the animals.
他们的职责是照看动物。
专题11 　非谓语动词
2　动名词
1. 作主语
动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.
过度玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。
专题11 　非谓语动词
2．作宾语
常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有 enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, can't help等。如：
Have you finished reading the book
你读完这本书了吗？
专题11 　非谓语动词
3．作表语
The nurse's job is looking after the patients.
护士的工作是照顾病人。
4．作定语
I often go to the reading room.
我经常去阅览室。
专题11 　非谓语动词
专题11 　非谓语动词
[提醒] 有些词既可接不定式又可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有：
(1)stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事(不定式作目的状语)
stop doing sth 停止做某事(v.-ing作宾语)
(2)try to do sth 试图(企图)做某事
try doing sth 尝试着做某事
(3)forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(还没做)
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
(4)remember to do sth记着去做某事(还没做)
remember doing sth记得做过某事(已做)
(5)go on to do sth做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事
go on doing sth继续做原来所做的同一件事
(6)need doing(某事)需要做(被动意思)
need to do 需要去做某事(主动意思)
专题11 　非谓语动词
3　分词
　 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词(v.-ing)有主动、进行之意；过去分词(v.-ed)有被动、完成之意。
1．作定语
China is a developing country. America is a developed
country.
中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达国家。
I know the boy called Li Ming. 我认识那个叫李明的男孩。
专题11 　非谓语动词
2．作表语
The book is interesting. I'm interested in it.
这本书很有趣。我对它感兴趣。
3．作宾语补足语
I saw her going upstairs.我看见她正在上楼。
I want to have some photos taken.
我想拍几张照片。
专题11 　非谓语动词
4．作状语
Laughing and talking, they went into the room.他们有说有笑地走进了房间。
Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。
专题11 　非谓语动词
1．The children decide ________ their
school yard this Friday afternoon.
A．clean　　　　　　B．to clean
C．cleaning D．cleaned
┃考点过关 ┃
【答案】 B
专题11 　非谓语动词
2． ________ a book in the library, enter
a key word into the computer.
A．To find B．Find
C．To write D．Write
【解析】 A　本题考查动词不定式作目的状语。
专题11 　非谓语动词
3．Whenever you have a chance _______
English, you should take it.
A．speak B．to speak
C．spoke D．speaks
【答案】 B　
专题11 　非谓语动词
4．I'd like you ________ for a picnic
with us.
A．go B．to go
C．going D．went
【答案】 B　
专题11 　非谓语动词
5．More and more young people are trying
to do something ________ the old.
A．served B．to serve
C．serve D．serves
【答案】 B　
专题11 　非谓语动词
6．We are going for a picnic tomorrow.
I'll call Wendy to make sure ________．
A．why to start B．when to start
C．what to start D．which to start
【答案】 B　
专题11 　非谓语动词
7．—Don't forget ________ your history and politics
books tomorrow morning.
—Thanks. I won't.
A．bring B．to bring
C．bringing D．to take
【答案】 B　
专题11 　非谓语动词
8． Even Tony's granddaughter, a five-
year-old girl, asked him ________ smoking.
A．give up B．gave up
C．to give up D．giving up
【答案】 C　
专题11 　非谓语动词
9． —I will go to Harbin for my summer
vacation. What about you
—I haven't decided where ________.
A．go B．went
C．going D．to go
【答案】 D　
专题11 　非谓语动词
10． —How is your grandma
—She's fine. She used to ________ TV at home
after supper. But now she is used to ________
out for a walk.
A．watch; go B．watching; go
C．watching; going D．watch; going
【答案】 D　
专题11 　非谓语动词
1．If price rises too high, the government has to do
something ________ it.
A．stop B．stopped
C．stopping D．to stop
┃语法专练 ┃
【解析】 D　动词不定式在句中作目的状语，说明“采取措施”的目的是“阻止物价上涨”。故选D。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
2．What time do you expect her________？
A．arrive B．is arriving
C．arriving D．to arrive
【解析】 D　expect sb to do sth意为“期望/期待某人做某事”，故选D。
专题11 　非谓语动词
3．This math problem is too difficult. Can you show
me ________， George
A．what to work out B．to work it out
C．how to work it out D．how to work out it
【答案】 C　
专题11 　非谓语动词
4．Li Ming advised me ________ too much.
A．not to drink B．drink
C．not drinking D．to not drink
【解析】 A　advise sb not to do sth 意为“建议某人不要做某事”。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
5． Today people are encouraged to
________ paper, plastic and water for a better
environment.
A．use B．waste
C．recycle D．make
【解析】 C　encourage sb to do sth 意为“鼓励某人做某事”，recycle意为“循环利用”。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
6．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me
________ my car
—Sure. Park it right here. I'll help you.
A．how to stop B．where to park
C．where to stop D．when to park
【解析】 B　本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。根据“Park it right here.”可以判断出B选项正确。
专题11 　非谓语动词
7．We can make a fire ________ the room warm so that
we can chat for a while.
A．to keep B．keeping
C．keep D．kept
【解析】 A　句意： 我们生火(目的是)使房子暖和。动词不定式作目的状语。　
专题11 　非谓语动词
8． —Why not ________ to the park now
—Good idea! Let's go.
A．go B．to go
C．goes D．going
【解析】 A　本题考查 “why not＋动词原形”结构。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
9．—Why is Linlin practicing speaking
English
—________ abroad for further study.
A．Go B．Gone
C．To go D．Goes
【解析】 C　动词不定式作目的状语。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
10．—I often have hamburgers for lunch.
—You'd better not. It's bad for you ________ too
much junk food.
A．eat B．to eat
C．eating D．ate
【解析】 B　it为形式主语，动词不定式“to eat too much junk food”是真正的主语。
专题11 　非谓语动词
11．Plan your time carefully and make sure you have
some time ________ what you like every day.
A．do B．to do
C．doing D．done
【解析】 B　动词不定式短语“to do what you like every day”作目的状语。
专题11 　非谓语动词
12．Go on ________ the other exercise if you want to
be healthier.
A．doing B．to be doing
C．to do D．with
【答案】 C　
专题11 　非谓语动词
13．Would you mind ________the door
It's so windy and I feel so cold.
A．closing B．opening
C．to close D．to open
【解析】 A　mind doing sth 意为“介意做某事”，由句意知应是“你介意关上门吗？”，故选A。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
14．—Why are you so excited
—Peter invited me________ on a trip to Yuntai
Mountain.
A．to go B．go
C．going D．went
【解析】 A　invite sb to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事”，to do sth作宾语补足语。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
15．The most important thing I want to do is _______．
A．find a good job B．to find a good job
C．finding a good job D．found a good job
【解析】 B　此题考查不定式作表语的用法。
专题11 　非谓语动词
16．It is wrong of you ________ to the old impolitely.
A．to speak B．speak
C．speaking D．to speaking
【解析】 A　考查固定结构： It is＋adj.＋of/for sb to do sth。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
17．—Why did it take Alice almost an hour ________
home
—I didn't know. Maybe there was something
wrong with her car.
A．get B．to get
C．getting D．got
【解析】 B　“It takes sb ＋时间＋ to do sth.”意为“做某事花费了某人多长时间。” 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
18．The boy is often made ________ outside the
classroom.
A．stand B．stands
C．to stand D．standing
【解析】 C　be made to do sth 意为“被迫做某事”，是make sb do sth 的被动形式。
专题11 　非谓语动词
19．He is so poor that he has no house ________.
A．to live B．living
C．living in D．to live in
【答案】 D　
专题11 　非谓语动词
20．Don't throw away the waste paper. It
needs ________ so that it can be reused.
A．to destroy B．destroying
C．to collect D．collecting
【解析】 D　need doing sth＝sth need to be done, 主动形式表示被动意义。
专题11 　非谓语动词
21． It was such a funny show that people
couldn't help ________again and again.
A．laugh B．to laugh
C．laughing D．helped
【解析】 C　can't help doing sth意为“情不自禁做某事”。
专题11 　非谓语动词
22． I prefer ________ some shopping to
________ camping since the weather isn't lovely.
A．do; going B．doing; go
C．do; go D．doing; going
【解析】 D　prefer doing A to doing B 意为“宁可做A，而不愿做B”。
专题11 　非谓语动词
23．We'll consider ________ a robot that can both
work and think.
A．making B．to make
C．make D．made
【解析】 A　consider doing sth 意为“考虑做某事”，是固定搭配。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
24．My pen friend used to ________ Japanese, but
now he is used to ________ Chinese.
A．speak; say B．say; saying
C．speak; speaking D．say; speak
【解析】 C　“used to ＋动词原形”意为“过去常常做某事”；“be used to ＋动词－ing”意为“习惯做某事”。
专题11 　非谓语动词
25．Some boys of Class One enjoy ________ music.
A. listen to B．listens to
C．listening to D．listened to
【解析】 C　enjoy doing sth 意为“喜欢做某事”，是固定搭配。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
26．The new term starts. The students are busy
________ the classroom.
A．clean B．cleans
C．to clean D．cleaning
【解析】 D　be busy doing sth 意为“忙于做某事”，是固定搭配。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
27．—Did you have any problems in London
—Yes，________Chinese food like rice, noodles
and dumplings.
A．find B．found
C．finding D．to find
【解析】 C　答语是个省略句，完整的句子应该是“I have some problems finding Chinese…”。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
28．—Do you feel like ________ or shall we go by bus
—I prefer to walk, but we must________ a taxi, for
it's too late.
A．walking; take B．to walk; to take
C．walking; to take D．to walk; take
【解析】 A　feel like doing sth意为“想要做某事”，是固定搭配；must后加动词原形。
专题11 　非谓语动词
29．You should make yourself ________ by others.
A．understand B．understanding
C．understood D．to be understood
【解析】 C　此题考查过去分词作宾语补足语。make yourself understood意为“使你自己被理解”。
专题11 　非谓语动词
30．Do you know the little hero ________ Lin Hao who
saved two students in the Wenchuan earthquake
A. named B．was named
C．is named D．names
【解析】 A　这里用过去分词短语作定语。
专题11 　非谓语动词
31．I guess there must be someone ________ outside
the house. Let's go out to see who it is.
A．speaks B．speaking
C．spoke D．to speak
【解析】 B　there must be sb doing sth 意为“肯定有某人正在做某事”，现在分词doing表示动作正在进行。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词
32． “Who's the boy in white T-shirt
________ under the tree？” “My friend.”
A．stand B．to stand
C．stood D．standing
【答案】 D　
专题11 　非谓语动词
33．While we were running on the playground, Jack
suddenly stopped ________ and lay on the
ground, so we all stopped ________ what was
wrong with him.
A．to run; to see B．running; seeing
C．running; to see D．to run; seeing
【解析】 C　stop doing sth意为“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth意为“停止原来做的事情去做另一件事情”。
专题11 　非谓语动词
34．Jessica's parents always encourage
her ________ out her opinions.
A．speak B．speaking
C．to speak D．will speak
【答案】 C　
专题11 　非谓语动词
35．You must get your room ________ before you
leave.
A．cleaned B．to clean
C．cleaning D．to be cleaned
【解析】 A　get sth done意为“让……被做”。
专题11 　非谓语动词
36.Paul made a nice cage ________ the
little sick bird till it could fly.
A．keep B．kept
C．keeping D．to keep
【解析】 D　动词不定式作目的状语。
专题11 　非谓语动词
37．—What do you usually do at weekends
—I often practice ________ English.
A．speak B．to speak
C．speaking D．spoke
【答案】 C　
专题11 　非谓语动词
38．—Don't forget ________ your homework, John.
—OK. I'll do it right now.
A．doing B．do
C．to do D．does
【答案】 C　
专题11 　非谓语动词
39．The assistant won't let you ________ the cinema
if you don't have a ticket.
A．enter B．to enter
C．entering D．entered
【答案】 A　
专题11 　非谓语动词
40． My pen pal Andrew found it difficult
________ Chinese well.
A．learning B．learn
C．to learn D．learned
【解析】 C　it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。 　
专题11 　非谓语动词