中考英语语法教学课件-专题12 主谓一致

(共47张PPT)
专题1 　名词
专题2 　代词
专题3 　冠词
专题4 　数词
专题5 介词和介词短语
专题6 形容词和副词
专题7 连词
专题8 系动词和情态动词
专题9 动词短语及词义辨析
专题10 动词的时态和语态
专题11 非谓语动词
专题12 主谓一致
专题13 简单句（陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句）
专题14 复合句（宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句）
专题12 　主谓一致
专题12 　主谓一致
┃考点直击┃
中考考点
1．就近一致原则。
2．意义一致原则。
3．语法一致原则。
专题12 　主谓一致
1　就近一致原则
1．there be 句型
当主语是系列事物时，谓语动词与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。如：
There is a table and two chairs in the room.
房间有一张桌子和两把椅子。
There are two chairs and a table in the room.
房间有两把椅子和一张桌子。
2．either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词跟邻近的主语保持一致。如：
Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。
Either you or I am wrong.不是你就是我错了。
Not only he but also I am invited.
不仅他被邀请了，我也被邀请了。
专题12 　主谓一致
专题12 　主谓一致
2　意义一致原则
1．表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度等的复数形式名词作主语时，常被看成整体，视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Twenty years is a long time.
二十年是一段很长的时间。
Ten dollars is enough.
十美元足够了。
专题12 　主谓一致
2．以s 结尾的名词(news, maths, physics)本身不表复数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Maths isn't very hard. 数学不是很难。
I don't think the news in the newspaper is true.
我认为报纸上的消息不是真的。
3．“the＋形容词”(表示一类人，如the poor, the rich, the old, etc.)用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
The old are taken good care of in this area.
这个地区的老人被照顾得很好。
专题12 　主谓一致
4．集体名词(如family, class, team, group, ect.)作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若指具体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。people, police等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Class 5 is the best class in our school.
五班是我们学校最好的班。
Class 5 are the winners.五班是胜利者。
The Chinese people are very friendly.中国人很友好。
专题12 　主谓一致
5．代词(如some, all, none, any, ect.)作主语时，若表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Some of the work was done by me.
一些工作是由我做的。
Some of the students work hard.
一些学生学习很努力。
专题12 　主谓一致
3　语法一致原则
1．介词或介词短语作插入语，主语后有with, together with, including, besides, except, but等引导的短语作插入语时，谓语动词与主语一致，与插入语无关。如：
Mary with her mother is shopping now.
玛丽和她妈妈正在购物。
专题12 　主谓一致
2．非谓语动词作主语或从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Doing a lot of practice is a good way to improve your English.
做大量练习是提高你英语的好方法。
专题12 　主谓一致
3．不定代词something, anything, nothing, everybody, one, neither 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Someone is waiting for you.有人正在等你。
4．常以复数形式出现的名词(如shoes, pants, clothes, ect.)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但这些名词有a pair of 或pairs of 修饰时，谓语动词由pair 的单复数来决定。如：
The shoes are under the bed.鞋子在床下。
The pair of shoes is under the bed.那双鞋在床下。
专题12 　主谓一致
专题12 　主谓一致
5．“one of ＋名词复数形式”和“the number of ＋名词复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
One of the boys is interested in the story.
其中有一个男孩子对这个故事感兴趣。
The number of the students in the school is 2，000.
这所学校的学生人数是2000。
1．There ________ lots of people at the
restaurant when I got there.
A．is　 　B．was　 　C．are　 　D．were
┃考点过关 ┃
【答案】 D
专题12 　主谓一致
2． —Maths ________ my favourite
subject, what about you
—Physics ________. I think it's very interesting.
A．is; is B．are; are
C．are; is D．is; are
【答案】 A　
专题12 　主谓一致
3．David, there ________ a dictionary and some books
on your desk. Are they yours
A．is B．are C．have D．has
【答案】 A　
专题12 　主谓一致
4．The news ________ very interesting! Tell me more.
A．is B．are
C．were D．was
【答案】 A　
专题12 　主谓一致
5．Doing exercise ________ good for your
health.
A．be B．am C．is D．are
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
6．This year, Zhang Hao, one of the best students,
________ to work for the Olympic Games.
A．is choosing B．is chosen
C．was choosing D．was chosen
【答案】 D　
专题12 　主谓一致
7．The number of the students who go to the summer
camp ________ two hundred. Only one quarter of
them ________ girls.
A．is; is B．is; are
C．are; is D．are; are
【答案】 B　
专题12 　主谓一致
8．We are glad to see that the old ________ very well
in the old people's home.
A．is looked over B．look after
C．is looked after D．are looked after
【答案】 D　
专题12 　主谓一致
9．Neither my brother nor my father ________
interested in the film.
A．are B．is C．am D．were
【答案】 B　
专题12 　主谓一致
10．—Do you need more time to finish the work
—Yes, another ten days ________ enough.
A．are B．is C．was D．were
【答案】 B　
专题12 　主谓一致
11．________ that pair of ________ a little
cheaper
A．Is; glass B．Are; glass
C．Is; glasses D．Are; glasses
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
12．Both Kate and I ________ ready for the picnic now.
A．gets B．is getting
C．are getting D．am getting
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
13．Here ________ some money and some pairs of
shoes for you.
A．is B．am C．are D．were
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
14．The disabled ________ in need of help.
A．am B．is C．are D．was
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
15．My family ________ a happy one. Now the whole
family ________ having a party.
A．is; are B．is; is
C．are; are D．are; is
【答案】 A　
专题12 　主谓一致
1．Both my father and my brother ________ teachers.
They teach in the same school.
A．is B．was
C．are D．were
┃语法专练 ┃
【解析】 C　both…and 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
2． A number of tourists ________
Yangzhou many times because it is such a
beautiful city.
A．have been to B．has been to
C．has gone to D．have gone to
【解析】 A　“a number of＋可数名词复数”意思是“许多……”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
3．Neither of them ________ a worker.
A．has B．are
C．is D. were
【解析】 C　neither of…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 　
专题12 　主谓一致
4． Now the number of Chinese people
working in Africa ________ more than one million.
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
【解析】 A　“the number of＋可数名词复数”意思是“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
5．Picking apples ________ much more interesting
than having lessons.
A．has B．have C．is D. are
【解析】 C　动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
6．Not only my friends but also I _______ interested
in football and Messi is our favorite star.
A．be B．am C．is D．are
【解析】 B　not only…but also…作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
专题12 　主谓一致
7．Robert with his two kids ________ to the beach for
vacation every year.
A．go B．goes
C．went D．are going
【答案】 B　
专题12 　主谓一致
8．________ of the water ________ polluted. We must
try to protect our environment.
A．Two third; are B．Two third; is
C．Two thirds; are D．Two thirds; is
【答案】 D　
专题12 　主谓一致
9．How time flies! Three years ________ really a short
time.
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
【答案】 A　
专题12 　主谓一致
10．The news ________ important for us.
A．is　 B．am　 C．are　 D．were
【解析】 A　news是不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
11．There ________ some flowers on the
teacher's desk just now, but now there ________
nothing on it.
A．have; has B．were; was
C．were; is D．has; has
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
12． —How soon can you finish this job
—Two days ________ enough for me to finish the
work. I need a week.
A．isn't B．aren't
C．is D．are
【解析】 A　时间段作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。根据“I need a week.”可知应该用否定形式。 　
专题12 　主谓一致
13．Everyone except Bob and David ________ there
when the class began.
A．was　 B．is　 C．are　 D. were
【解析】 A　不定代词everyone作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
14．—A number of volunteers ________
willing to teach in China's rural areas.
—Yes, the number is getting ________．
A．is; bigger and bigger B．are; bigger and bigger
C．is; more and more D．are; more and more
【解析】 B　“a number of＋名词复数”意为“许多，大量”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；number 作主语时，表示数量“多”用large或big。
专题12 　主谓一致
15．Tom was the only one of the boys who ________
praised by our teacher yesterday.
A．is B．are C．was D. were
【答案】 C　
专题12 　主谓一致
16．—________ thirty dollars enough for you, Ann
—Yes, Mum. I only want to buy a notebook.
A．Are　　B．Is　　C．Were　　D. Was
【解析】 B　主语是thirty dollars，看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
专题12 　主谓一致
17．Neither he nor I________ from Canada.
We are from Australia.
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
【解析】 C　neither…nor…作主语，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
专题12 　主谓一致
18．The singer and writer ________ from Guangdong.
A．come B．are
C．comes D．coming
【解析】 C　由and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。 the singer and writer意为“歌手兼作家”，指同一个人，故选C。
专题12 　主谓一致