外研版（2019） 必修 第一册 Unit 1 A new startDeveloping ideas—读写·体现学以致用PPT（共103张ppt）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 必修 第一册 Unit 1 A new startDeveloping ideas—读写·体现学以致用PPT（共103张ppt） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-13 20:59:31 | ||
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(共103张PPT)
Developing ideas—读写·体现学以致用
课时目标
1.理解课文“High School Hints”的内容，总结大意，归纳Lisa曾经遇到的挑战以及解决问题的方法。
2.联系自身的学习与生活，深入思考如何开展高中生活、总结自己的经验与教训，培养正确的学习态度、生活态度和价值观。
3.能够掌握访谈的文体特征和写作方法，运用本单元所学语言知识写一篇访谈。
4.利用阅读语篇中的相关信息，使用提建议的基本句型和表达，从班委成员的角度对班主任就班级管理、校园建设等话题提出自己的建议，以书面的形式进行呈现。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．hint n. 有益的建议
2．subscribe v. 订阅(报纸或杂志)
3．orientation n. (新工作或学习课程开始
前一段时间的)培训，迎新
4．rainbow n. 彩虹
5．neat adj. 好的，令人愉快的
6．skateboarding n. 滑板运动
7．committee n. 委员会
8．rate v. 对……作评估，评价
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． n. 奖，奖赏
2． n. 机会，时机
3． n. (一次)观看
4． adj. 从前的
5． n. 看到，看见
6． v. 认为，以为
award
opportunity
view
former
sight
figure
7． n. 细节
8． adj. 具体的，特定的
9． n. 日记，日志
10． adj. 低年级的
11． v. 奋斗，拼搏
12． adv. 向前
13． v. 意见、信息等交流
particular
specific
journal
junior
struggle
forward
exchange
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． v．毕业→graduation n．毕业
2． adj.受惊的，害怕的→frighten vt. 使惊吓；使惊恐→frightening adj.引起恐惧的
3． v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选，选择；选拔
4． v. 参考，查阅→reference n．提到；参考；查阅
5． v. 记住，熟记→memory n．记忆；记忆力
6． v．改善，改进→improvement n．改善，改进
7． n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform v．表现；表演→performer n．表演者
graduate
frightened
select
refer
memorise
improve
performance
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 毕业于
2． 上大学
3． 与……分享……
4． 交朋友
5． 保持开放的心态
6． 参加，参与
graduate from
go to college
share ...with ...
make friends
keep an open mind
take part in
7． 肯定地
8． 处理
9． 在……结束时；在……尽头
10． 看见
11． 全力以赴，竭尽全力
12． 抬起某人的头
for sure
deal with
at the end of
at the sight of
go all out
hold one's head up
13． 尤其，特别
14． 回顾，回忆
15． 帮某人一个忙
16． 参考，查阅
17． (兴奋地)期待，盼望
in particular
look back on
give sb. a hand
refer to
look forward to
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 I feel as if high school was only yesterday! (as if引导表语从句)
我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
写佳句 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) However, my father was not angry at all and took good care of me .
然而父亲一点儿也没有生气，仍然精心照顾我，就像什么也没有发生过一样。
as if nothing had happened
2.
悟原句 You must have had some moments when you were disappointed. (must have done sth.“一定做过某事”)
你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。
写佳句 I my keys at the office.
我一定是把钥匙落在办公室里了。
must have left
3.
悟原句 If so, how did you deal with them？(if so“在这种情况下，如果这样的话”)
在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
写佳句 They think she may try to phone. ,someone must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
If so
4.
悟原句 ... but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn't take everything down. (so ... that ...意为“如此……以至于……”)
……但是老师说得太快了，我不能把所有东西都记下来。
写佳句 He explained the grammar even I could understand it.
他把语法解释得如此清晰以至于连我都能听得懂。
so clearly that
第一遍 泛读通文意
High school hints
Interviewer：Hello and welcome to School Talk! Today I'm joined by a former student of our school, Lisa Osborne. Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. Lisa, thank you for coming to share your suggestions for high school with us.
Lisa：Hi, everybody. I'm very glad to be back. I feel as if high school was only yesterday！
Interviewer：So what helped when you first started high school
Lisa：Orientation Day was really helpful. It's a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students. I even made some new friends! Just keep an open mind and take part in as much as possible.
Interviewer：That's sound advice for sure. But how did you deal with new challenges, like starting a new course
Lisa：I had a chemistry test right at the end of the first week. I was frightened at the sight of the test paper. But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens. If you fail, no problem — next time you can fail better!
Interviewer：So, hold your head up, then. But life is not always easy. You must have had some moments when you were disappointed. If so, how did you deal with them
Lisa：As a member of the school volleyball team, I wasn't selected for the end-of-year competition. At first I was really sad, but later I realized that I joined the team for the love of the sport. It wasn't just about winning. So I kept
working hard to support my teammates during our training. There's always a way to be part of something you love, isn't there
Interviewer：Yes, I totally agree. Is there anything else in particular that you'd like to share with us
Lisa： Looking back on my high school life, the most important advice I'd give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou. She said, “Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.” So, give your friends a hand when they need it. And this will make you feel good, too.
Interviewer：Neat! Well, thanks again for coming to speak to us, Lisa. And good luck with college!
Lisa：Thank you！
[参考译文]
高中生活指南
采访人：大家好，欢迎收看《校园访谈》！本期嘉宾是我校校友莉萨·奥斯本。莉萨今年六月从我校毕业，即将前往纽约上大学。莉萨，感谢你来与我们分享高中生活的一些建议。
莉萨：大家好。非常高兴回到母校。我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
[句式释解]
句 as if在此句中引导表语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”。
采访人：那么，刚上高中时，有哪些事对你有所帮助？
莉萨：迎新日真的非常有用。这是新生了解学校和认识同学的绝好机会。我那天还交了一些新朋友呢！只管敞开心扉，尽可能地参与其中。
采访人：这的确是个好建议。不过，你是如何应对全新挑战的呢？比如学习一门新课程？
莉萨：开学第一周才刚结束的时候，我就有一场化学考试。我看到试卷的时候好害怕。不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。这次考不好，没关系的——下次你会做得更好！
采访人：也就是说，诀窍就是永不气馁。可是生活并非总是一帆风顺。你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
[句式释解]
句 must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测，意为“一定做过……”。
句 If so是条件状语从句的省略形式，意为“如果是这样的话”。
莉萨：我是学校排球队的一员，可年终赛却没有选我参加。开始我非常沮丧，但是后来我意识到，我是因为热爱这项运动才加入球队的，与我(是不是能上场)赢球无关。所以，在后来的训练中我一直努力支持我的队友。对于自己热爱的事情，总是有办法参与其中的，不是吗？
采访人：没错，我完全赞同。你还有没有其他想和大家特别分享的事情呢？
莉萨：回顾高中生活，我能给大家最重要的建议是作家玛雅·安吉罗的一句精彩名言。她说：“要成为别人云朵中的一道彩虹。”所以，在朋友需要帮助时要施以援手，这也会让你觉得很开心。
[句式释解]
句 Looking back ...为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。look back on sth.“回顾某事”。
采访人：太棒了！好的，再次感谢你今天来和大家分享，莉萨。祝你在大学一切顺利！
莉萨：谢谢。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
What is the passage mainly about
A．Lisa is going to college.
B．The helpful Orientation Day.
C．Lisa's advice about high school.
D．Being a rainbow in someone's cloud.
答案：C
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第1、2段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)When did Lisa graduate from high school
(2)Where does Lisa go to college
Last June.
In New York.
(3)Which of the following is WRONG about Lisa
A．She is about to go to college.
B．She will be travelling abroad during the summer vacation.
C．She graduated from high school last June.
D．She will share her suggestions for high school.
答案：B
2．表达的技巧
(1)采访人开场白中恰当地使用了“be about to”这一表示“将来”的短语，be about to do表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。试补全下面的句子：
The film . Don't leave.
电影快开演了，不要走开。
(2)莉萨的发言中使用了as if引导的表语从句，作feel的表语，构成“feel as if ...”意为“觉得(感到)好像”。形象地表达出当时作者对于高中生活短暂时光的眷恋。
is about to start
试补全下面的句子：
When he passed the exam, he .
当他通过考试时，他感到好像他整个世界都充满了希望。
阅读文章第3、4段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Write T (true) or F (false).
①Lisa advises new students to take Orientation Day seriously. ( )
②Lisa joined in Orientation Day but did not make any friends. ( )
T
F
felt as if his whole world was hopeful
(2)What helped Lisa when she first started high school
A．Her English teacher's advice.
B．Orientation Day.
C．Her parents' support.
D．Her friends' encouragement.
答案：B
2．表达的技巧
第四段对话中的最后一句话“Just keep an open mind and take part in as much as possible.”使用了祈使句。在提建议时，往往使用祈使句会使表达更加简单、高效。
试翻译下面的句子：
出门前确保戴好口罩。
Make sure to wear a mask before going out.
阅读文章第5、6段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)How did Lisa feel when she saw the test paper
(2)How did Lisa deal with the chemistry test at the end of the first week
A．She decided to face failure bravely.
B．She asked her deskmate for help.
C．She refused to take the exam.
D．She was too frightened to write down the answers.
答案：A
She felt frightened.
2．表达的技巧
第六段对话中的最后一句话“If you fail, no problem — next time you can fail better！”破折号表示补充说明。破折号的用法主要有：表示语音的延长；表示说话中断或间顿；表示后面有注释、补充、说明的部分；表示语义转折、话题转变；表示引出下文、总结上文；表示意思的递进；表示引文的出处等。
试翻译下面的句子：
他谦逊、体谅他人、热心——他是个不错的人。
He is modest, considerate, warm-hearted — he is a good man.
阅读文章第7、8段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Write T (true) or F (false)．
①Lisa was always sad when she wasn't selected for the end-of-year competition. ( )
②Lisa was a member of the class volleyball team. ( )
F
F
(2)How did Lisa deal with her not being selected for the end-of-year competition
A．She kept being angry.
B．She tried to forget it.
C．She forgot why she joined the team.
D．She kept working hard to support her teammates.
答案：D
2．表达的技巧
文章第七段对话中使用了“must have done”结构，表示对过去所发生事情的十分肯定的推测。
试补全下面句子：
He didn't turn up in time. He the first bus.
他没有及时到场，他肯定是错过了第一班车。
must have missed
阅读文章最后四段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What is the purpose of Lisa using the words from Maya Angelou
A．To tell us Maya Angelou is a great writer.
B．To tell us we should help our friends when they need help.
C．To tell us she likes Maya Angelou best.
D．To tell us how to make friends.
答案：B
Give your friends a hand when they need it. Because only in this way can you make true friends.
(2)Which piece of advice do you find is of great use Why
(3)If you were Lisa, one student who isn't good at English wants to change the situation, what advice will you give to him
Enlarge his vocabulary and keep doing some reading.
2．表达的技巧
英语语篇中的引语分为直接引语和间接引语，文章中适当使用引语可以让读者产生身临其境的现场感，增强文章的可读性，同时又能显示作者的客观立场，从而达到表达作者观点和态度的目的。例如文章的倒数第二段对话中Lisa引用Maya Angelou的话“Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.”，表达了Lisa自己的观点和态度。
试翻译下面的句子：
正如人们所说，“活到老学到老，每一次都是新的开始”。
Just as people said, “It's never too old to learn. And every time is a new beginning.”
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
课文标题“High School Hints”直接点明了文章的主题“高中生活指南”。本文是以主持人和毕业生访谈的形式给高一新生提出建议的，语篇结构为“总—分”。文章的行文脉络：邀请毕业生Lisa为新生分享建议——迎新日对高中新生的意义——关于如何面对新的挑战的建议——关于如何摆脱失望的情绪的建议——最重要的一个建议(乐于帮助他人)。
阅读技巧：“总—分”式的英文文章多出现在阅读七选五题型中，需要考生特别关注文章的篇章结构，从而把握文章的脉络与语义衔接。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
做一个“乐于助人”的人
正如谚语所说：赠人玫瑰，手留余香。只要付出努力就会得到快乐。付出得到的快乐更让人快乐。 生活中也常有这样的情况，如：方便别人的同时也会给自己带来方便，成就别人的同时也提升了自己。文章中Lisa给了新生一个最重要的建议就是让自己成为一个“乐于助人”的人：“So, give your friends a hand when they need it. And this will make you feel good, too.”。
请体会并记住下面的句子：
①Care makes the world a better place.
关爱使世界变得更美好。
②Only by giving can you have more.
只有付出，你才能拥有更多。
③The roses in one's hand, the flavor in mine.
赠人玫瑰，手留余香。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．win an award 赢得一个奖项
★award n．奖，奖赏vt.授予，判定
[用法感知]
①I do envy that you've got the first award.
我真羡慕你得了一等奖。
②The actress won the best actress award for her excellent performance.
因为她出色的表演，这位女演员获得了最佳女演员奖。
③(以文化人助写作)As a result of her achievements made in the research，she was awarded a scholarship to study at Peking University.
由于在研究上所取得的成就，她获得了去北京大学读书的奖学金。
[归纳点拨]
(1)the first award/prize/place 一等奖；第一名
win/get/receive an award for ... 因……而赢得/
得到/获得奖项
(2)award sb.sth.＝ award sth.to sb. 为某人颁发奖品
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④The lucky boy won awards his excellent performance in the competition.
⑤He in the speech competition, which made his parents very proud.
他在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖，这使他的父母非常自豪。
(2)句型转换
⑥The government awarded him a large sum of money for his good deeds.
→The government him for his good deeds.
for
was awarded the first prize
awarded a large sum of money to
⑦The youngest competitor was awarded the first prize.
→The first prize the youngest competitor.
[易混辨析] award, prize, reward
选用上述单词填空
⑧The fireman received a for saving the child's life.
⑨The Nobel in physiology or medicine was to Tu Youyou in 2015.
award 指较为正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予，也可以指法庭裁决给予奖励
prize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中得奖
reward 多指对某人的工作或服务等的“回报，报答，酬谢”。reward作名词，常用give reward to sb.；作动词，常用reward sb.with sth.
was awarded to
reward
Prize
awarded
2．Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.
莉莎今年六月从我校毕业，即将前往纽约上大学。
★graduate v．毕业 n．毕业生，学士学位获得者
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)I know that English is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.
我知道英语是一种很难的语言，但我希望当我毕业时能说一口流利的英语。
②These graduates all graduated from Oxford University.
这些毕业生都毕业于牛津大学。
③My son hopes to graduate in law so as to become a lawyer.
我的儿子希望在大学攻读法律，以便毕业后成为一名律师。
归纳点拨 (1)graduate from ... 从……毕业(学校)
graduate in ... 毕业于……(专业)
(2)graduation n. 毕业；毕业典礼
轻巧识记
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④Now that you are unwilling to study abroad, why not start a small business with me after (graduate)
⑤By the time Mike retires from the army, his son will have graduated _____college.
⑥Mary graduated medicine from Beijing University last year.
[名师点津] graduate是一个非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
graduation
from
in
3．But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens.
不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。
★figure v．认为，以为n.人物，身材，体形，数字
[用法感知] (写出下列句中figure的含义)
①He is an important political figure in Indian history. ______
②The wall is covered with figures of birds and flowers. ______
③I will exercise more to keep my figure. ______
④Add all the figures, and you'll get a larger one. ______
人物
图形
体形
数字
[归纳点拨]
(1)figure out 想出；理解；弄明白；计算出
(2)keep one's figure 保持体形/身材
have a good figure 身材好
key figure 关键人物
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤I could hear them talking but I couldn't figure what they were saying.
⑥The woman in black is the in the case.
那个穿黑色衣服的女士是这起案子中的关键人物。
⑦We all want to know how she manages to .
我们都想知道她是如何保持自己的身材的。
[语境串记] Being a popular social figure, she always manages to have a good figure and figures out ways to attract the attention of the majority.
作为一位受欢迎的公众人物，她总能保持一个好身材并且想出办法来吸引大众的注意力。
out
key figure
keep her figure
4．Refer to the interview for ideas.
参考这次采访来获得一些想法。
★refer to参考，查阅； 提到；谈到；涉及；指的是
[用法感知] (写出下列句中refer to的含义)
①What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to？________
②She referred to the last page of the book for answers. ________
③These books refer to Asian problems. _____
指的是
查阅
涉及
轻巧识记
归纳点拨 (1)refer to ...as ... 把……当作……；称…… 为……
refer ...to ... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助) (2)reference n. 谈及；提及；参考；查阅
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④What he (refer) to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
⑤You'd better write down the phone number of the restaurant for the future _________(refer).
⑥She always “that nice man” in the past.
在过去她总是称本为“那个好人”。
referred
reference
referred to Ben as
[名师点津]
(1)refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：referred, referred, referring。
(2)在表示“查阅”之意时，refer to后多接参考资料(词典、书籍等)；look up多接查询的内容。
5．The teacher found that I was struggling with note-taking and told me to stop and just listen.
老师发现我记笔记很困难，就叫我停下来专心听讲。
★struggle v．奋斗，拼搏
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)She struggled for the independence of her country all her life.
她为自己祖国的独立而奋斗终生。
②He struggled against/with the enemies and eventually drove them off.
他同敌人进行搏斗，最后把他们赶走了。
③He struggled to overcome his shortcomings.
他努力克服缺点。
[归纳点拨]
struggle for ... 为争取……而斗争
struggle against 与……作斗争，为反对……而斗争
struggle with ... 和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He has been struggling success in his business, which has won our respect.
⑤He struggled those who were against his plan.
⑥The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle__________ (hear).
⑦Though he was badly wounded, he and went on running.
虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站起来继续往前跑。
for
against/with
to be heard
struggled to his feet
[语境串记] What's the meaning of life Some people struggle to earn much money; some people struggle for their own career in a specific area. But for me, I'll struggle with my husband to bring up our daughter, which is the most meaningful life to us.
生命的意义是什么？有些人努力挣钱，有些人在特定的领域里为自己的事业而奋斗。但对我来说，我会和丈夫一起努力抚养我们的女儿，这对我们来说是最有意义的生活。
6. I'm looking forward to it!
我正期待着这件事！
★look forward to (to为介词)(兴奋地)期待；盼望
[用法感知]
①I am looking forward to seeing her again in the near future.
我期盼在不久的将来再次见到她。
②He's a fine teacher. We've always looked up to him.
他是一位优秀的教师，我们一向很尊敬他。
③He looked into the box to see if the tool was there.
他朝箱子里看，看看工具是否在里面。
归纳点拨 look into 往……里看；调查
look out 向外看；当心；小心
look up to 仰望；尊敬
look down on/upon 轻视；看不起
look back at/on 回顾
名师点津 (1)look forward to短语中，to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
(2)类似的词组还有pay attention to，devote to，lead to，stick to等。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The novel I looked forward to (publish) last week.
⑤A good teacher never looks down slow students.
⑥We have been looking forward to your (come)．
⑦I like to my high school days，which were the happiest in my life.
我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。
was published
on/upon
coming
look back at/on
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．I feel as if high school was only yesterday!
我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
[归纳点拨]
as if在本句中引导表语从句，意为“好像”。
(1)as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，常用在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后引导表语从句；as if/though还可以引导方式状语从句，如果as if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或是极有可能发生或存在的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。
(2)as if/though引导状语从句。当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，as if/though从句用虚拟语气。
虚拟的时间 从句谓语动词的形式
与现在事实相反 过去时(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反 过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 would/could/might＋do
(3)as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
①She looks as if she were ten years younger.
她看起来好像年轻了十岁。
②He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.
他谈论起罗马好像他以前去过那里似的。
③Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it is going to rain.
看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨了。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He was shaking with fright as if he (see) a ghost.
⑤He treats me as if I (be) his own daughter.
⑥Hurry up! It looks .
快点！看起来火车要开了。
had seen
were
as if the train is going to move
2．If so, how did you deal with them
在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
[归纳点拨]
If so是If it is so的省略形式，意为“在这种情况下，如果是这样的话”。
(1)if so为条件状语从句的省略形式，意为“如果是这样的话”，if 用作连词， so 用来代替上文内容，以避免重复。if not 为 if so 的否定形式。
(2)类似的省略结构还有：
if any 如果有的话
if ever 如果曾经有过的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①Please try to find out the differences between the two words. ,speak it out.
试着找出这两个单词的不同点。如果有的话，请大声说出来。
②The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely, ,reaching 30℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有过的话，夏季气温很少达到30摄氏度。
If any
if ever
③If I can find the book here, it will be great, but ,I will buy a new one.
如果我在这儿能找到这本书，那就太棒了；但是如果找不到，我会买本新的。
④I will go to Nanjing this week; ，I'll take my parents.
这个星期我要去南京，如果可能的话，我要带着父母一起去。
if not
if possible
写作项目——Writing a journal entry
本单元的写作任务是写一篇英文日记。英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记叙一天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记格式大致一样。英文日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况。
由课文学写作范式(写得“像模像样”)
(一)课文范式提炼
(二)写作要点指津
日记作为一种常见的记叙文类型的应用文，其基本结构如下：
1．标题
标题可分成两类：一是注明日记的来源，如A Page from Tom's Diary/One Diary Record from Churchill；二是概括日记的内容，如The Travel to the Chinatown。标题有时可省略。
2．时间和天气情况
日记的时间的写作顺序必须符合英文习惯，如Tuesday, 6th December, 2022。天气情况应该写在正文的右上角。
3．正文
正文一般用第一人称。由于日记的内容涉及个人一天中所发生的事情，所以作者会不可避免地产生一些与之相关的情感。为此，作者要擅长通过主观性的词语(组)来增添日记语言的情感性。
4．时态
在日记中，动词多用过去时态；但当表示习惯性动作、客观事实、普遍真理、名言或谚语时，可以使用一般现在时；当发表自己的感想、计划、期望或决心时，可以使用一般将来时。
由课文学亮点表达(写得“韵味十足”)
阅读文章第一、二段，习得以下素养
1．学亮点表达
第一段第三句中作者使用了高级词汇just around the corner，体现了作者的语言功底深厚，使文章更加优美。第二段第三句中使用了短语struggle with，形象地表达出作者在物理课上非常困难地记物理笔记。
试补全下列句子：
① . I have to study hard.
期末考试就要到了。我要努力学习了。
②A strong man will the storm of fate.
强者乐于搏击命运的暴风雨。
The final exam is just around the corner
struggle with
2．学逻辑衔接
日记第一段开门见山，作者简要介绍了自己在开学第一周进展顺利，但也有一些新情况。第二段接着讲述了作者在物理课上遇到的新情况。So, but 衔接词的使用使文章过渡自然，语句顺畅。
阅读文章第三、四段，习得以下素养
1．学亮点表达
第三段第一句中hurry用作动词，准确表达了下课后作者急切地盼望去滑板运动俱乐部的心情。
试补全下面的句子：
We and we caught the train in time.
我们匆忙地赶往火车站并且及时地赶上了火车。
hurried to the train station
2．学动作描写
第三段是典型的动作描写，文中一系列动作hurried to, running out of, bumped into, said sorry, smiled at, fell off, laughed，形象地描绘出作者是如何在课下与莎拉认识的。此类动作描写也常出现在读后续写的场景描写中，学习这种描写手法将有助于塑造人物形象，进而推动故事情节的发展。
3．学逻辑衔接
第三段讲述了作者在课下结交新朋友的过程。第四段作者讲述了作者盼望与莎拉一起去看电影。这两段说明了作者在课下的活动及如何交友，也表现出作者对高中生活的期待。
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
1．fine adj. 晴朗的
2．sunny adj. 阳光明媚的
3．rainy adj. 下雨的
4．snowy adj. 下雪的
5．windy adj. 有风的
6．cloudy adj. 多云的
7．showery adj. 多阵雨的
8．hot adj. 热的
9．cold adj. 冷的
10．impression n. 印象
11．campus n. 校园
12．challenge n. 挑战
(二)背写作佳句
[常用开头句]
1．It was a fine/nice day.天气晴朗。
2．Today is ...今天是……
3．We decided to go out for a picnic today.
我们决定今天出去野餐。
4．My classmates and I went to the park to do some voluntary work.我和我的同学去公园做志愿工作。
5．It is a week since I entered the senior high.The new school left a deep impression on me.
我升入高中已有一个星期了。新学校给我留下了深刻的印象。
[常用中间句]
1．What we learn in class covers more than that in the class of junior high school.
我们在课堂上所学的比初中课堂上所学的还要多。
2．We all take serious attitudes towards all the subjects.
我们对所有的学科都持认真的态度。
3．Our teachers give us careful instructions in class.
我们的老师在课堂上给我们认真的指导。
4．Our after-class activities are divided into many kinds.
我们的课外活动分为许多种类。
5．We have access to the library every Wednesday afternoon and there're all kinds of books.
我们每个星期三下午都可以去图书馆，那里有各种各样的书。
[常用结束句]
1．I had a good time today./I enjoyed myself today.
我今天玩得很高兴。
2．What a warm and meaningful day!
多么温暖而有意义的一天啊！
3．I will never forget the memorable day!
我永远不会忘记这难忘的一天！
4．Although everyone was very tired，we felt very happy because we had done a meaningful job.
虽然大家都很累，但我们很开心，因为我们做了一项有意义的工作。
5．All in all, I think that my first week at senior high is a very good experience.
总之，我认为我在高中的第一周是一段非常好的经历。
(三)背续写素材
读后续写微技能——描写“人物心理”类
I walked on, glad to have helped someone, to have done something active for once. In my mind I saw that dark, strong face, and I still felt excited by our meeting. Even when I arrived back at Thornfield, I did not go in for a while. I did not want to go into the dark house, where I would spend the evening quietly with old Mrs Fairfax. So I stayed outside, staring up at the moon and the stars with a beating heart, wishing and dreaming of a different, more exciting life.
(An excerpt from Jane Eyre)
我接着走，心里因帮助了别人并第一次主动做了点事情而感到高兴。我脑中出现了那张黑黑的、坚强的面孔，我仍在为我们的相遇感到激动。即使当我回到桑菲尔德，我也没有马上走进去。我不愿走进昏暗的房子，在那里和费尔法克斯太太安静地度过夜晚。于是我待在外面，心情激动地凝视着明月和星空，期望并梦想着另一种不一样的、更加令人兴奋的生活。
(节选自《简·爱》)
(点评：本段话中运用了心理描写，对Jane 与Rochester初次相遇并帮助他之后的心理状态、精神面貌和内心活动进行了描写，让读者直观地了解了Jane的内心。Rochester的出现给Jane 平淡的生活注入了兴奋剂，此时的Jane对未来充满了期待与憧憬。)
[应用体验]
假定你是李华，你正在英国某高中参加你们学校的“交换生项目”，请你用英语写一篇周记，叙述你在新学校第一周的学习生活。内容包括：
1．学校印象； 2.同学印象； 3.个人感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Monday September 2nd
One week has passed since I came to this school as an exchange student.
① (这是我第一次独自离开父母), so I felt homesick the moment I arrived in England. However, I soon ② (习惯于新环境). I have much to express about my new school. To begin with, the campus ③ ……很不一样) my school at home. It ④ (位于一座山的脚下) where there is natural scenery all around.
It is the first time that I have been away from my parents alone
got used to the new environment
is quite different from
lies at the foot of a mountain
In the campus, the buildings all have a strong British style. As for my classmates, ⑤ (他们很友好，让我不那么想家了). Although I still have much difficulty communicating with them, they always try their best to make themselves understood.
⑥ ________________________________________________________________
(总之，我认为我在这个学校的第一周是一段非常好的经历). I am sure I will benefit much from my stay here.
they are so friendly that they make me less homesick
All in all, I think that my first week at the school is a very good experience
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We should speak English frequently in order to (改善) our spoken English.
2．Having (拼搏)for ten days, he won the champion at last.
3．I happened to meet my (从前的) English teacher this morning.
4．His best movie, which won several (奖)，was about the life of Gandhi.
5．The (委员会)is made up of five people, including two women.
improve
struggled
former
awards
committee
6．A company whose profits from home markets are down may seek____________
(机会) abroad.
7．The girl said that she was a high school (毕业生) and had no experience.
8．The teacher (提到) to in my last letter has gone abroad.
9．I (认为) that you'd need help, so I came over.
10．Tony is fond of travelling and he always keeps a travel (日记).
opportunities
graduate
referred
figured
journal
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Water is (particular) useful for all life.
2．At the end of the game, players traditionally exchange shirts each other.
3．He subscribed a number of journals concerned with his subject.
4．At yesterday's class meeting, Mike (select) as our monitor because of his good personality.
5．After graduating university last year, Edward got a job as an engineer in a big city.
particularly
with
to
was selected
from
6．It's important to be good at spotting and creating (opportunity) amid the ongoing crisis and difficulties.
7．It's impossible for little Tom to (memory) all the new words within twenty minutes.
8．This morning, Jenny was praised by our English teacher because of her good _____________(perform) in the English competition.
9．When I was young, I (figure) that if I worked hard at school, I would achieve my dream of becoming a lawyer one day.
10．The little girl felt (frighten) when she saw the terrible traffic accident.
opportunities
memorise
performance
figured
frightened
Ⅲ.选词填空
1. We hearing your reply.
2．Sometimes we can even and get valuable experiences by helping others.
3．When the successful woman reached her seventies, she her career with great satisfaction.
4． the police officers the man ran off.
make friends， keep an open mind， deal with， at the end of， at the sight of， look forward to， go to college， go all out， in particular， look back on
look forward to
make friends
looked back on
At the sight of
5．The students in our class had a discussion about whether the only way for senior high students to succeed is to .
6．We need to and catch up with them.
7. —What are you doing tonight
—Nothing .
8． the class, we stood up together and applauded the professor for his wonderful speech.
9．We should on this matter.
10．Air pollution is an extremely serious problem, so strong measures should be taken to it.
go to college
go all out
in particular
At the end of
keep an open mind
deal with
Ⅳ.完成句子
1． he didn't care about everything around him.
他似乎并不在乎身边的一切。
2．The road is wet. It last night.
路是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
3．He may be busy. I'll call later.
他可能忙。如果是这样的话，我以后再来拜访。
It seemed as if
must have rained
If so
4．I when you interrupted me.
我正要说话这时你打断了我。
5．The report pointed out that economic recovery was .
报告指出，经济复苏在即。
was about to speak
just around the corner
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Lisa graduated 1. our school and is about to go to college. We invite her to share some 2. (hint) for high school with us. She thinks Orientation Day is 3. opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students. When she started high school, she was 4. (frighten) at the sight of the test paper in a chemistry test, but then she figured she'd better just go all 5. ____and see what happens. She had some moments when she was 6.____________
(disappoint).
from
hints
an
frightened
out
disappointed
She wasn't selected for the end-of-year volleyball 7. (compete). At first she was sad, but later she realized that she joined the team for the love of the sport. She has something 8. particular that she'd like to share with us. The most important advice 9. she'd give is the words from the writer Maya Angelou, “Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.” She tells us 10. (give) our friends a hand when they need it.
competition
in
that
to give
Ⅵ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写文章，用描写“人物心理”的语言续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。词数50左右。
I can't remember if I was 9 or 10 years old, but I do remember that it was the last day of 4-H camp. I was looking in the mirror and checking my face for bruises (瘀伤). The day before, for some silly reasons, I had gotten into a fistfight with another boy. It didn't take long for the bigger boys to pull us apart and call it a tie, but in truth, I had lost. My head was still painful from a couple of the hard hits the other boy had succeeded in giving me. We hadn't talked since the fight either but only stared coldly at each other from across the room.
Still, I was in a good mood this morning because I knew my mom was bringing some of her homemade pizzas as a treat for my brother, me and our friends. Soon I saw her walking up the sidewalk toward the steps of our cabin (小屋). She had been bringing these pizzas to us every 4-H camp for years now. I saw her smile as my brother and his friends all grabbed (抓住) the big cut pieces. She made sure, though, to save the last two pieces for me. I thanked her with a smile and started to eat when I saw my fistfight “enemy” standing off to the side by himself.
At that moment, something moved me.
参考范文：
At that moment, something moved me. I walked over to him and gave him one of the two pieces. Amazed but at once excited, he accepted my pizza. We together talked, laughed and ate, everything unpleasant gone with the wind. And for some reason unknown to me at the time, the pizza tasted better than ever before.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)
Developing ideas—读写·体现学以致用
课时目标
1.理解课文“High School Hints”的内容，总结大意，归纳Lisa曾经遇到的挑战以及解决问题的方法。
2.联系自身的学习与生活，深入思考如何开展高中生活、总结自己的经验与教训，培养正确的学习态度、生活态度和价值观。
3.能够掌握访谈的文体特征和写作方法，运用本单元所学语言知识写一篇访谈。
4.利用阅读语篇中的相关信息，使用提建议的基本句型和表达，从班委成员的角度对班主任就班级管理、校园建设等话题提出自己的建议，以书面的形式进行呈现。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．hint n. 有益的建议
2．subscribe v. 订阅(报纸或杂志)
3．orientation n. (新工作或学习课程开始
前一段时间的)培训，迎新
4．rainbow n. 彩虹
5．neat adj. 好的，令人愉快的
6．skateboarding n. 滑板运动
7．committee n. 委员会
8．rate v. 对……作评估，评价
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． n. 奖，奖赏
2． n. 机会，时机
3． n. (一次)观看
4． adj. 从前的
5． n. 看到，看见
6． v. 认为，以为
award
opportunity
view
former
sight
figure
7． n. 细节
8． adj. 具体的，特定的
9． n. 日记，日志
10． adj. 低年级的
11． v. 奋斗，拼搏
12． adv. 向前
13． v. 意见、信息等交流
particular
specific
journal
junior
struggle
forward
exchange
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． v．毕业→graduation n．毕业
2． adj.受惊的，害怕的→frighten vt. 使惊吓；使惊恐→frightening adj.引起恐惧的
3． v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选，选择；选拔
4． v. 参考，查阅→reference n．提到；参考；查阅
5． v. 记住，熟记→memory n．记忆；记忆力
6． v．改善，改进→improvement n．改善，改进
7． n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform v．表现；表演→performer n．表演者
graduate
frightened
select
refer
memorise
improve
performance
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 毕业于
2． 上大学
3． 与……分享……
4． 交朋友
5． 保持开放的心态
6． 参加，参与
graduate from
go to college
share ...with ...
make friends
keep an open mind
take part in
7． 肯定地
8． 处理
9． 在……结束时；在……尽头
10． 看见
11． 全力以赴，竭尽全力
12． 抬起某人的头
for sure
deal with
at the end of
at the sight of
go all out
hold one's head up
13． 尤其，特别
14． 回顾，回忆
15． 帮某人一个忙
16． 参考，查阅
17． (兴奋地)期待，盼望
in particular
look back on
give sb. a hand
refer to
look forward to
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 I feel as if high school was only yesterday! (as if引导表语从句)
我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
写佳句 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) However, my father was not angry at all and took good care of me .
然而父亲一点儿也没有生气，仍然精心照顾我，就像什么也没有发生过一样。
as if nothing had happened
2.
悟原句 You must have had some moments when you were disappointed. (must have done sth.“一定做过某事”)
你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。
写佳句 I my keys at the office.
我一定是把钥匙落在办公室里了。
must have left
3.
悟原句 If so, how did you deal with them？(if so“在这种情况下，如果这样的话”)
在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
写佳句 They think she may try to phone. ,someone must stay here.
他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。
If so
4.
悟原句 ... but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn't take everything down. (so ... that ...意为“如此……以至于……”)
……但是老师说得太快了，我不能把所有东西都记下来。
写佳句 He explained the grammar even I could understand it.
他把语法解释得如此清晰以至于连我都能听得懂。
so clearly that
第一遍 泛读通文意
High school hints
Interviewer：Hello and welcome to School Talk! Today I'm joined by a former student of our school, Lisa Osborne. Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. Lisa, thank you for coming to share your suggestions for high school with us.
Lisa：Hi, everybody. I'm very glad to be back. I feel as if high school was only yesterday！
Interviewer：So what helped when you first started high school
Lisa：Orientation Day was really helpful. It's a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students. I even made some new friends! Just keep an open mind and take part in as much as possible.
Interviewer：That's sound advice for sure. But how did you deal with new challenges, like starting a new course
Lisa：I had a chemistry test right at the end of the first week. I was frightened at the sight of the test paper. But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens. If you fail, no problem — next time you can fail better!
Interviewer：So, hold your head up, then. But life is not always easy. You must have had some moments when you were disappointed. If so, how did you deal with them
Lisa：As a member of the school volleyball team, I wasn't selected for the end-of-year competition. At first I was really sad, but later I realized that I joined the team for the love of the sport. It wasn't just about winning. So I kept
working hard to support my teammates during our training. There's always a way to be part of something you love, isn't there
Interviewer：Yes, I totally agree. Is there anything else in particular that you'd like to share with us
Lisa： Looking back on my high school life, the most important advice I'd give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou. She said, “Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.” So, give your friends a hand when they need it. And this will make you feel good, too.
Interviewer：Neat! Well, thanks again for coming to speak to us, Lisa. And good luck with college!
Lisa：Thank you！
[参考译文]
高中生活指南
采访人：大家好，欢迎收看《校园访谈》！本期嘉宾是我校校友莉萨·奥斯本。莉萨今年六月从我校毕业，即将前往纽约上大学。莉萨，感谢你来与我们分享高中生活的一些建议。
莉萨：大家好。非常高兴回到母校。我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
[句式释解]
句 as if在此句中引导表语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”。
采访人：那么，刚上高中时，有哪些事对你有所帮助？
莉萨：迎新日真的非常有用。这是新生了解学校和认识同学的绝好机会。我那天还交了一些新朋友呢！只管敞开心扉，尽可能地参与其中。
采访人：这的确是个好建议。不过，你是如何应对全新挑战的呢？比如学习一门新课程？
莉萨：开学第一周才刚结束的时候，我就有一场化学考试。我看到试卷的时候好害怕。不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。这次考不好，没关系的——下次你会做得更好！
采访人：也就是说，诀窍就是永不气馁。可是生活并非总是一帆风顺。你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
[句式释解]
句 must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测，意为“一定做过……”。
句 If so是条件状语从句的省略形式，意为“如果是这样的话”。
莉萨：我是学校排球队的一员，可年终赛却没有选我参加。开始我非常沮丧，但是后来我意识到，我是因为热爱这项运动才加入球队的，与我(是不是能上场)赢球无关。所以，在后来的训练中我一直努力支持我的队友。对于自己热爱的事情，总是有办法参与其中的，不是吗？
采访人：没错，我完全赞同。你还有没有其他想和大家特别分享的事情呢？
莉萨：回顾高中生活，我能给大家最重要的建议是作家玛雅·安吉罗的一句精彩名言。她说：“要成为别人云朵中的一道彩虹。”所以，在朋友需要帮助时要施以援手，这也会让你觉得很开心。
[句式释解]
句 Looking back ...为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。look back on sth.“回顾某事”。
采访人：太棒了！好的，再次感谢你今天来和大家分享，莉萨。祝你在大学一切顺利！
莉萨：谢谢。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
What is the passage mainly about
A．Lisa is going to college.
B．The helpful Orientation Day.
C．Lisa's advice about high school.
D．Being a rainbow in someone's cloud.
答案：C
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第1、2段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)When did Lisa graduate from high school
(2)Where does Lisa go to college
Last June.
In New York.
(3)Which of the following is WRONG about Lisa
A．She is about to go to college.
B．She will be travelling abroad during the summer vacation.
C．She graduated from high school last June.
D．She will share her suggestions for high school.
答案：B
2．表达的技巧
(1)采访人开场白中恰当地使用了“be about to”这一表示“将来”的短语，be about to do表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。试补全下面的句子：
The film . Don't leave.
电影快开演了，不要走开。
(2)莉萨的发言中使用了as if引导的表语从句，作feel的表语，构成“feel as if ...”意为“觉得(感到)好像”。形象地表达出当时作者对于高中生活短暂时光的眷恋。
is about to start
试补全下面的句子：
When he passed the exam, he .
当他通过考试时，他感到好像他整个世界都充满了希望。
阅读文章第3、4段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Write T (true) or F (false).
①Lisa advises new students to take Orientation Day seriously. ( )
②Lisa joined in Orientation Day but did not make any friends. ( )
T
F
felt as if his whole world was hopeful
(2)What helped Lisa when she first started high school
A．Her English teacher's advice.
B．Orientation Day.
C．Her parents' support.
D．Her friends' encouragement.
答案：B
2．表达的技巧
第四段对话中的最后一句话“Just keep an open mind and take part in as much as possible.”使用了祈使句。在提建议时，往往使用祈使句会使表达更加简单、高效。
试翻译下面的句子：
出门前确保戴好口罩。
Make sure to wear a mask before going out.
阅读文章第5、6段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)How did Lisa feel when she saw the test paper
(2)How did Lisa deal with the chemistry test at the end of the first week
A．She decided to face failure bravely.
B．She asked her deskmate for help.
C．She refused to take the exam.
D．She was too frightened to write down the answers.
答案：A
She felt frightened.
2．表达的技巧
第六段对话中的最后一句话“If you fail, no problem — next time you can fail better！”破折号表示补充说明。破折号的用法主要有：表示语音的延长；表示说话中断或间顿；表示后面有注释、补充、说明的部分；表示语义转折、话题转变；表示引出下文、总结上文；表示意思的递进；表示引文的出处等。
试翻译下面的句子：
他谦逊、体谅他人、热心——他是个不错的人。
He is modest, considerate, warm-hearted — he is a good man.
阅读文章第7、8段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Write T (true) or F (false)．
①Lisa was always sad when she wasn't selected for the end-of-year competition. ( )
②Lisa was a member of the class volleyball team. ( )
F
F
(2)How did Lisa deal with her not being selected for the end-of-year competition
A．She kept being angry.
B．She tried to forget it.
C．She forgot why she joined the team.
D．She kept working hard to support her teammates.
答案：D
2．表达的技巧
文章第七段对话中使用了“must have done”结构，表示对过去所发生事情的十分肯定的推测。
试补全下面句子：
He didn't turn up in time. He the first bus.
他没有及时到场，他肯定是错过了第一班车。
must have missed
阅读文章最后四段对话，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What is the purpose of Lisa using the words from Maya Angelou
A．To tell us Maya Angelou is a great writer.
B．To tell us we should help our friends when they need help.
C．To tell us she likes Maya Angelou best.
D．To tell us how to make friends.
答案：B
Give your friends a hand when they need it. Because only in this way can you make true friends.
(2)Which piece of advice do you find is of great use Why
(3)If you were Lisa, one student who isn't good at English wants to change the situation, what advice will you give to him
Enlarge his vocabulary and keep doing some reading.
2．表达的技巧
英语语篇中的引语分为直接引语和间接引语，文章中适当使用引语可以让读者产生身临其境的现场感，增强文章的可读性，同时又能显示作者的客观立场，从而达到表达作者观点和态度的目的。例如文章的倒数第二段对话中Lisa引用Maya Angelou的话“Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.”，表达了Lisa自己的观点和态度。
试翻译下面的句子：
正如人们所说，“活到老学到老，每一次都是新的开始”。
Just as people said, “It's never too old to learn. And every time is a new beginning.”
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
课文标题“High School Hints”直接点明了文章的主题“高中生活指南”。本文是以主持人和毕业生访谈的形式给高一新生提出建议的，语篇结构为“总—分”。文章的行文脉络：邀请毕业生Lisa为新生分享建议——迎新日对高中新生的意义——关于如何面对新的挑战的建议——关于如何摆脱失望的情绪的建议——最重要的一个建议(乐于帮助他人)。
阅读技巧：“总—分”式的英文文章多出现在阅读七选五题型中，需要考生特别关注文章的篇章结构，从而把握文章的脉络与语义衔接。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
做一个“乐于助人”的人
正如谚语所说：赠人玫瑰，手留余香。只要付出努力就会得到快乐。付出得到的快乐更让人快乐。 生活中也常有这样的情况，如：方便别人的同时也会给自己带来方便，成就别人的同时也提升了自己。文章中Lisa给了新生一个最重要的建议就是让自己成为一个“乐于助人”的人：“So, give your friends a hand when they need it. And this will make you feel good, too.”。
请体会并记住下面的句子：
①Care makes the world a better place.
关爱使世界变得更美好。
②Only by giving can you have more.
只有付出，你才能拥有更多。
③The roses in one's hand, the flavor in mine.
赠人玫瑰，手留余香。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．win an award 赢得一个奖项
★award n．奖，奖赏vt.授予，判定
[用法感知]
①I do envy that you've got the first award.
我真羡慕你得了一等奖。
②The actress won the best actress award for her excellent performance.
因为她出色的表演，这位女演员获得了最佳女演员奖。
③(以文化人助写作)As a result of her achievements made in the research，she was awarded a scholarship to study at Peking University.
由于在研究上所取得的成就，她获得了去北京大学读书的奖学金。
[归纳点拨]
(1)the first award/prize/place 一等奖；第一名
win/get/receive an award for ... 因……而赢得/
得到/获得奖项
(2)award sb.sth.＝ award sth.to sb. 为某人颁发奖品
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④The lucky boy won awards his excellent performance in the competition.
⑤He in the speech competition, which made his parents very proud.
他在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖，这使他的父母非常自豪。
(2)句型转换
⑥The government awarded him a large sum of money for his good deeds.
→The government him for his good deeds.
for
was awarded the first prize
awarded a large sum of money to
⑦The youngest competitor was awarded the first prize.
→The first prize the youngest competitor.
[易混辨析] award, prize, reward
选用上述单词填空
⑧The fireman received a for saving the child's life.
⑨The Nobel in physiology or medicine was to Tu Youyou in 2015.
award 指较为正式地或官方地颁发、授予、给予，也可以指法庭裁决给予奖励
prize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中得奖
reward 多指对某人的工作或服务等的“回报，报答，酬谢”。reward作名词，常用give reward to sb.；作动词，常用reward sb.with sth.
was awarded to
reward
Prize
awarded
2．Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York.
莉莎今年六月从我校毕业，即将前往纽约上大学。
★graduate v．毕业 n．毕业生，学士学位获得者
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)I know that English is a very difficult language, but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.
我知道英语是一种很难的语言，但我希望当我毕业时能说一口流利的英语。
②These graduates all graduated from Oxford University.
这些毕业生都毕业于牛津大学。
③My son hopes to graduate in law so as to become a lawyer.
我的儿子希望在大学攻读法律，以便毕业后成为一名律师。
归纳点拨 (1)graduate from ... 从……毕业(学校)
graduate in ... 毕业于……(专业)
(2)graduation n. 毕业；毕业典礼
轻巧识记
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④Now that you are unwilling to study abroad, why not start a small business with me after (graduate)
⑤By the time Mike retires from the army, his son will have graduated _____college.
⑥Mary graduated medicine from Beijing University last year.
[名师点津] graduate是一个非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
graduation
from
in
3．But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens.
不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。
★figure v．认为，以为n.人物，身材，体形，数字
[用法感知] (写出下列句中figure的含义)
①He is an important political figure in Indian history. ______
②The wall is covered with figures of birds and flowers. ______
③I will exercise more to keep my figure. ______
④Add all the figures, and you'll get a larger one. ______
人物
图形
体形
数字
[归纳点拨]
(1)figure out 想出；理解；弄明白；计算出
(2)keep one's figure 保持体形/身材
have a good figure 身材好
key figure 关键人物
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤I could hear them talking but I couldn't figure what they were saying.
⑥The woman in black is the in the case.
那个穿黑色衣服的女士是这起案子中的关键人物。
⑦We all want to know how she manages to .
我们都想知道她是如何保持自己的身材的。
[语境串记] Being a popular social figure, she always manages to have a good figure and figures out ways to attract the attention of the majority.
作为一位受欢迎的公众人物，她总能保持一个好身材并且想出办法来吸引大众的注意力。
out
key figure
keep her figure
4．Refer to the interview for ideas.
参考这次采访来获得一些想法。
★refer to参考，查阅； 提到；谈到；涉及；指的是
[用法感知] (写出下列句中refer to的含义)
①What does the underlined word “stumbles” in Paragraph 2 refer to？________
②She referred to the last page of the book for answers. ________
③These books refer to Asian problems. _____
指的是
查阅
涉及
轻巧识记
归纳点拨 (1)refer to ...as ... 把……当作……；称…… 为……
refer ...to ... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助) (2)reference n. 谈及；提及；参考；查阅
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④What he (refer) to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
⑤You'd better write down the phone number of the restaurant for the future _________(refer).
⑥She always “that nice man” in the past.
在过去她总是称本为“那个好人”。
referred
reference
referred to Ben as
[名师点津]
(1)refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：referred, referred, referring。
(2)在表示“查阅”之意时，refer to后多接参考资料(词典、书籍等)；look up多接查询的内容。
5．The teacher found that I was struggling with note-taking and told me to stop and just listen.
老师发现我记笔记很困难，就叫我停下来专心听讲。
★struggle v．奋斗，拼搏
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)She struggled for the independence of her country all her life.
她为自己祖国的独立而奋斗终生。
②He struggled against/with the enemies and eventually drove them off.
他同敌人进行搏斗，最后把他们赶走了。
③He struggled to overcome his shortcomings.
他努力克服缺点。
[归纳点拨]
struggle for ... 为争取……而斗争
struggle against 与……作斗争，为反对……而斗争
struggle with ... 和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He has been struggling success in his business, which has won our respect.
⑤He struggled those who were against his plan.
⑥The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle__________ (hear).
⑦Though he was badly wounded, he and went on running.
虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站起来继续往前跑。
for
against/with
to be heard
struggled to his feet
[语境串记] What's the meaning of life Some people struggle to earn much money; some people struggle for their own career in a specific area. But for me, I'll struggle with my husband to bring up our daughter, which is the most meaningful life to us.
生命的意义是什么？有些人努力挣钱，有些人在特定的领域里为自己的事业而奋斗。但对我来说，我会和丈夫一起努力抚养我们的女儿，这对我们来说是最有意义的生活。
6. I'm looking forward to it!
我正期待着这件事！
★look forward to (to为介词)(兴奋地)期待；盼望
[用法感知]
①I am looking forward to seeing her again in the near future.
我期盼在不久的将来再次见到她。
②He's a fine teacher. We've always looked up to him.
他是一位优秀的教师，我们一向很尊敬他。
③He looked into the box to see if the tool was there.
他朝箱子里看，看看工具是否在里面。
归纳点拨 look into 往……里看；调查
look out 向外看；当心；小心
look up to 仰望；尊敬
look down on/upon 轻视；看不起
look back at/on 回顾
名师点津 (1)look forward to短语中，to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
(2)类似的词组还有pay attention to，devote to，lead to，stick to等。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The novel I looked forward to (publish) last week.
⑤A good teacher never looks down slow students.
⑥We have been looking forward to your (come)．
⑦I like to my high school days，which were the happiest in my life.
我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。
was published
on/upon
coming
look back at/on
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．I feel as if high school was only yesterday!
我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
[归纳点拨]
as if在本句中引导表语从句，意为“好像”。
(1)as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，常用在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后引导表语从句；as if/though还可以引导方式状语从句，如果as if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或是极有可能发生或存在的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。
(2)as if/though引导状语从句。当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，as if/though从句用虚拟语气。
虚拟的时间 从句谓语动词的形式
与现在事实相反 过去时(be动词用were)
与过去事实相反 过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反 would/could/might＋do
(3)as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
①She looks as if she were ten years younger.
她看起来好像年轻了十岁。
②He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.
他谈论起罗马好像他以前去过那里似的。
③Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it is going to rain.
看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨了。
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④He was shaking with fright as if he (see) a ghost.
⑤He treats me as if I (be) his own daughter.
⑥Hurry up! It looks .
快点！看起来火车要开了。
had seen
were
as if the train is going to move
2．If so, how did you deal with them
在这种情况下，你是如何应对的呢？
[归纳点拨]
If so是If it is so的省略形式，意为“在这种情况下，如果是这样的话”。
(1)if so为条件状语从句的省略形式，意为“如果是这样的话”，if 用作连词， so 用来代替上文内容，以避免重复。if not 为 if so 的否定形式。
(2)类似的省略结构还有：
if any 如果有的话
if ever 如果曾经有过的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
[应用融会] (完成句子)
①Please try to find out the differences between the two words. ,speak it out.
试着找出这两个单词的不同点。如果有的话，请大声说出来。
②The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely, ,reaching 30℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有过的话，夏季气温很少达到30摄氏度。
If any
if ever
③If I can find the book here, it will be great, but ,I will buy a new one.
如果我在这儿能找到这本书，那就太棒了；但是如果找不到，我会买本新的。
④I will go to Nanjing this week; ，I'll take my parents.
这个星期我要去南京，如果可能的话，我要带着父母一起去。
if not
if possible
写作项目——Writing a journal entry
本单元的写作任务是写一篇英文日记。英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记叙一天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记格式大致一样。英文日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况。
由课文学写作范式(写得“像模像样”)
(一)课文范式提炼
(二)写作要点指津
日记作为一种常见的记叙文类型的应用文，其基本结构如下：
1．标题
标题可分成两类：一是注明日记的来源，如A Page from Tom's Diary/One Diary Record from Churchill；二是概括日记的内容，如The Travel to the Chinatown。标题有时可省略。
2．时间和天气情况
日记的时间的写作顺序必须符合英文习惯，如Tuesday, 6th December, 2022。天气情况应该写在正文的右上角。
3．正文
正文一般用第一人称。由于日记的内容涉及个人一天中所发生的事情，所以作者会不可避免地产生一些与之相关的情感。为此，作者要擅长通过主观性的词语(组)来增添日记语言的情感性。
4．时态
在日记中，动词多用过去时态；但当表示习惯性动作、客观事实、普遍真理、名言或谚语时，可以使用一般现在时；当发表自己的感想、计划、期望或决心时，可以使用一般将来时。
由课文学亮点表达(写得“韵味十足”)
阅读文章第一、二段，习得以下素养
1．学亮点表达
第一段第三句中作者使用了高级词汇just around the corner，体现了作者的语言功底深厚，使文章更加优美。第二段第三句中使用了短语struggle with，形象地表达出作者在物理课上非常困难地记物理笔记。
试补全下列句子：
① . I have to study hard.
期末考试就要到了。我要努力学习了。
②A strong man will the storm of fate.
强者乐于搏击命运的暴风雨。
The final exam is just around the corner
struggle with
2．学逻辑衔接
日记第一段开门见山，作者简要介绍了自己在开学第一周进展顺利，但也有一些新情况。第二段接着讲述了作者在物理课上遇到的新情况。So, but 衔接词的使用使文章过渡自然，语句顺畅。
阅读文章第三、四段，习得以下素养
1．学亮点表达
第三段第一句中hurry用作动词，准确表达了下课后作者急切地盼望去滑板运动俱乐部的心情。
试补全下面的句子：
We and we caught the train in time.
我们匆忙地赶往火车站并且及时地赶上了火车。
hurried to the train station
2．学动作描写
第三段是典型的动作描写，文中一系列动作hurried to, running out of, bumped into, said sorry, smiled at, fell off, laughed，形象地描绘出作者是如何在课下与莎拉认识的。此类动作描写也常出现在读后续写的场景描写中，学习这种描写手法将有助于塑造人物形象，进而推动故事情节的发展。
3．学逻辑衔接
第三段讲述了作者在课下结交新朋友的过程。第四段作者讲述了作者盼望与莎拉一起去看电影。这两段说明了作者在课下的活动及如何交友，也表现出作者对高中生活的期待。
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
1．fine adj. 晴朗的
2．sunny adj. 阳光明媚的
3．rainy adj. 下雨的
4．snowy adj. 下雪的
5．windy adj. 有风的
6．cloudy adj. 多云的
7．showery adj. 多阵雨的
8．hot adj. 热的
9．cold adj. 冷的
10．impression n. 印象
11．campus n. 校园
12．challenge n. 挑战
(二)背写作佳句
[常用开头句]
1．It was a fine/nice day.天气晴朗。
2．Today is ...今天是……
3．We decided to go out for a picnic today.
我们决定今天出去野餐。
4．My classmates and I went to the park to do some voluntary work.我和我的同学去公园做志愿工作。
5．It is a week since I entered the senior high.The new school left a deep impression on me.
我升入高中已有一个星期了。新学校给我留下了深刻的印象。
[常用中间句]
1．What we learn in class covers more than that in the class of junior high school.
我们在课堂上所学的比初中课堂上所学的还要多。
2．We all take serious attitudes towards all the subjects.
我们对所有的学科都持认真的态度。
3．Our teachers give us careful instructions in class.
我们的老师在课堂上给我们认真的指导。
4．Our after-class activities are divided into many kinds.
我们的课外活动分为许多种类。
5．We have access to the library every Wednesday afternoon and there're all kinds of books.
我们每个星期三下午都可以去图书馆，那里有各种各样的书。
[常用结束句]
1．I had a good time today./I enjoyed myself today.
我今天玩得很高兴。
2．What a warm and meaningful day!
多么温暖而有意义的一天啊！
3．I will never forget the memorable day!
我永远不会忘记这难忘的一天！
4．Although everyone was very tired，we felt very happy because we had done a meaningful job.
虽然大家都很累，但我们很开心，因为我们做了一项有意义的工作。
5．All in all, I think that my first week at senior high is a very good experience.
总之，我认为我在高中的第一周是一段非常好的经历。
(三)背续写素材
读后续写微技能——描写“人物心理”类
I walked on, glad to have helped someone, to have done something active for once. In my mind I saw that dark, strong face, and I still felt excited by our meeting. Even when I arrived back at Thornfield, I did not go in for a while. I did not want to go into the dark house, where I would spend the evening quietly with old Mrs Fairfax. So I stayed outside, staring up at the moon and the stars with a beating heart, wishing and dreaming of a different, more exciting life.
(An excerpt from Jane Eyre)
我接着走，心里因帮助了别人并第一次主动做了点事情而感到高兴。我脑中出现了那张黑黑的、坚强的面孔，我仍在为我们的相遇感到激动。即使当我回到桑菲尔德，我也没有马上走进去。我不愿走进昏暗的房子，在那里和费尔法克斯太太安静地度过夜晚。于是我待在外面，心情激动地凝视着明月和星空，期望并梦想着另一种不一样的、更加令人兴奋的生活。
(节选自《简·爱》)
(点评：本段话中运用了心理描写，对Jane 与Rochester初次相遇并帮助他之后的心理状态、精神面貌和内心活动进行了描写，让读者直观地了解了Jane的内心。Rochester的出现给Jane 平淡的生活注入了兴奋剂，此时的Jane对未来充满了期待与憧憬。)
[应用体验]
假定你是李华，你正在英国某高中参加你们学校的“交换生项目”，请你用英语写一篇周记，叙述你在新学校第一周的学习生活。内容包括：
1．学校印象； 2.同学印象； 3.个人感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Monday September 2nd
One week has passed since I came to this school as an exchange student.
① (这是我第一次独自离开父母), so I felt homesick the moment I arrived in England. However, I soon ② (习惯于新环境). I have much to express about my new school. To begin with, the campus ③ ……很不一样) my school at home. It ④ (位于一座山的脚下) where there is natural scenery all around.
It is the first time that I have been away from my parents alone
got used to the new environment
is quite different from
lies at the foot of a mountain
In the campus, the buildings all have a strong British style. As for my classmates, ⑤ (他们很友好，让我不那么想家了). Although I still have much difficulty communicating with them, they always try their best to make themselves understood.
⑥ ________________________________________________________________
(总之，我认为我在这个学校的第一周是一段非常好的经历). I am sure I will benefit much from my stay here.
they are so friendly that they make me less homesick
All in all, I think that my first week at the school is a very good experience
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We should speak English frequently in order to (改善) our spoken English.
2．Having (拼搏)for ten days, he won the champion at last.
3．I happened to meet my (从前的) English teacher this morning.
4．His best movie, which won several (奖)，was about the life of Gandhi.
5．The (委员会)is made up of five people, including two women.
improve
struggled
former
awards
committee
6．A company whose profits from home markets are down may seek____________
(机会) abroad.
7．The girl said that she was a high school (毕业生) and had no experience.
8．The teacher (提到) to in my last letter has gone abroad.
9．I (认为) that you'd need help, so I came over.
10．Tony is fond of travelling and he always keeps a travel (日记).
opportunities
graduate
referred
figured
journal
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Water is (particular) useful for all life.
2．At the end of the game, players traditionally exchange shirts each other.
3．He subscribed a number of journals concerned with his subject.
4．At yesterday's class meeting, Mike (select) as our monitor because of his good personality.
5．After graduating university last year, Edward got a job as an engineer in a big city.
particularly
with
to
was selected
from
6．It's important to be good at spotting and creating (opportunity) amid the ongoing crisis and difficulties.
7．It's impossible for little Tom to (memory) all the new words within twenty minutes.
8．This morning, Jenny was praised by our English teacher because of her good _____________(perform) in the English competition.
9．When I was young, I (figure) that if I worked hard at school, I would achieve my dream of becoming a lawyer one day.
10．The little girl felt (frighten) when she saw the terrible traffic accident.
opportunities
memorise
performance
figured
frightened
Ⅲ.选词填空
1. We hearing your reply.
2．Sometimes we can even and get valuable experiences by helping others.
3．When the successful woman reached her seventies, she her career with great satisfaction.
4． the police officers the man ran off.
make friends， keep an open mind， deal with， at the end of， at the sight of， look forward to， go to college， go all out， in particular， look back on
look forward to
make friends
looked back on
At the sight of
5．The students in our class had a discussion about whether the only way for senior high students to succeed is to .
6．We need to and catch up with them.
7. —What are you doing tonight
—Nothing .
8． the class, we stood up together and applauded the professor for his wonderful speech.
9．We should on this matter.
10．Air pollution is an extremely serious problem, so strong measures should be taken to it.
go to college
go all out
in particular
At the end of
keep an open mind
deal with
Ⅳ.完成句子
1． he didn't care about everything around him.
他似乎并不在乎身边的一切。
2．The road is wet. It last night.
路是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。
3．He may be busy. I'll call later.
他可能忙。如果是这样的话，我以后再来拜访。
It seemed as if
must have rained
If so
4．I when you interrupted me.
我正要说话这时你打断了我。
5．The report pointed out that economic recovery was .
报告指出，经济复苏在即。
was about to speak
just around the corner
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Lisa graduated 1. our school and is about to go to college. We invite her to share some 2. (hint) for high school with us. She thinks Orientation Day is 3. opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students. When she started high school, she was 4. (frighten) at the sight of the test paper in a chemistry test, but then she figured she'd better just go all 5. ____and see what happens. She had some moments when she was 6.____________
(disappoint).
from
hints
an
frightened
out
disappointed
She wasn't selected for the end-of-year volleyball 7. (compete). At first she was sad, but later she realized that she joined the team for the love of the sport. She has something 8. particular that she'd like to share with us. The most important advice 9. she'd give is the words from the writer Maya Angelou, “Be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud.” She tells us 10. (give) our friends a hand when they need it.
competition
in
that
to give
Ⅵ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写文章，用描写“人物心理”的语言续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。词数50左右。
I can't remember if I was 9 or 10 years old, but I do remember that it was the last day of 4-H camp. I was looking in the mirror and checking my face for bruises (瘀伤). The day before, for some silly reasons, I had gotten into a fistfight with another boy. It didn't take long for the bigger boys to pull us apart and call it a tie, but in truth, I had lost. My head was still painful from a couple of the hard hits the other boy had succeeded in giving me. We hadn't talked since the fight either but only stared coldly at each other from across the room.
Still, I was in a good mood this morning because I knew my mom was bringing some of her homemade pizzas as a treat for my brother, me and our friends. Soon I saw her walking up the sidewalk toward the steps of our cabin (小屋). She had been bringing these pizzas to us every 4-H camp for years now. I saw her smile as my brother and his friends all grabbed (抓住) the big cut pieces. She made sure, though, to save the last two pieces for me. I thanked her with a smile and started to eat when I saw my fistfight “enemy” standing off to the side by himself.
At that moment, something moved me.
参考范文：
At that moment, something moved me. I walked over to him and gave him one of the two pieces. Amazed but at once excited, he accepted my pizza. We together talked, laughed and ate, everything unpleasant gone with the wind. And for some reason unknown to me at the time, the pizza tasted better than ever before.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
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