广东高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析）
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People who frequently eat fruit are more likely to report greater positive mental wellbeing and are less likely to report symptoms of depression than those who do not, according to new research from the College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University. The team also found that people who eat savoury (咸味的) snacks such as crisps (薯片), which are low in nutrients, are more likely to report greater levels of anxiety.
Published in the British Journal of Nutrition, the study surveyed 428 adults from across the UK and looked at the relationship between their consumption of fruit, vegetables, sweet and savoury snacks, and their psychological health. The research found that both nutrient-rich fruit and nutrient-poor savoury snacks appeared to be linked to psychological health. They also found that there was no direct association between eating vegetables and psychological health. Based on the survey, the more often people ate fruit, the lower they scored for depression and the higher for mental wellbeing, independent of the overall quantity of fruit intake. By contrast, there was no link between these everyday memory lapses (差错) and fruit and vegetables intake or sweet snacks, suggesting a unique relationship between these nutrient-poor savoury snacks, everyday mental lapses, and psychological health.
Lead author, PhD student Nicola-Jayne Tuck commented, “Very little is known about how diet may affect mental health and wellbeing, and while we did not directly examine causality here, our findings could suggest that frequently snacking on nutrient-poor savoury foods may increase everyday mental lapses, which in turn reduces psychological health.”
“It is possible that changing what we snack on could be a really simple way to improve our mental wellbeing. Conversely, it is also possible that the forthcoming restriction of processed snacks at checkouts, due to come in this October, could not only improve the country’s physical health, but mental health too.”
“Overall, it’s definitely worth trying to get into the habit of reaching for the fruit bowl.”
1．Which may lead to greater level of anxiety
A．Savoury snacks. B．Fruit. C．Vegetables. D．Grain.
2．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Rich fruit appears not to be linked to psychological health.
B．The more fruit people eat, the lower they score for depression.
C．There is a relation between the nutrient-poor snacks and mental health.
D．There is a direct link between eating vegetables and psychological health.
3．What does the underlined word “causality” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The relation between fruit and vegetables.
B．The relation between exercise and health.
C．The relation between snacks and mental health.
D．The relation between diet and mental health and wellbeing.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Eating habits can prevent disease
B．Eating unhealthy snacks often is harmful to health
C．Eating vegetables often can improve mental health
D．Eating fruit often may contribute to mental health
If you’re taking the train in Switzerland, your first stop should be the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) website. Except for a few scenic routes, SBB runs all the regional, commuter trains, and high-speed trains in the country.
Kinds
●R, RE, and IR are regional trains that are slower, cheaper, and stop at all or most stations between two major centers.
●IC or ICN (the N is for “night”) are fast trains that connect major cities but do not stop at smaller towns along the way.
●S or S-Bahn trains are frequent commuter trains that connect cities and suburbs. If you miss an S train, there’s usually another one coming soon after.
Service
The SBB website sells one-way or round-trip tickets between Swiss cities and other cities in Europe. They also sell City Tickets, including the train to that city, public transportation in the town, and a travel pass that typically allows access to several touristic sites.
Ways of buying tickets
To purchase a ticket or research schedule options, type in your point-to-point destinations first and preferred travel time. You can select the train that works best for you. Once you’ve selected your route, enter your passenger information. You’ll have the option to purchase a City plete your purchase with a credit card. You will be issued a voucher (票券).
Tips
Children below 16 years of age travel free. But you must pick up a Swiss Family Card before traveling. For travelers with disabilities, select “Barrier-free travel” from the pull-down menu labeled “Standard view” to see only trains that have wheelchair-accessible carriages.
Your ticket will not show a seat reservation. If you buy tickets at the SBB counter or office in the train station, you’ll have the option of reserving a seat in advance.
5．Which of the following is the feature of S-Bahn trains
A．They run frequently. B．They are cheap and slow.
C．They stop at all cities in Europe. D．They only connect major cities.
6．What should you do first when buying a ticket
A．Insert your credit card. B．Input your coins.
C．Input your destination. D．Choose your preferred train.
7．How can you book a seat
A．By calling SBB office to book tickets. B．By buying tickets at the SBB counter.
C．By booking tickets at SBB website. D．By paying some extra money.
Earth is lighted up by bioluminescence but, for many of us, seeing the natural phenomenon is a rare treat: Catching the glow of a firefly or witnessing a dolphin swimming through electric blue waters is a thrill.
Researchers are currently engineering glowing flowers and decorative plants that can cast a green light onto our living rooms. Observing a plant’s health via its glow can be a way to instantly measure its health, and the side-effect is anybody who wants a healthy glowing plant in their living room can have one.
A study published on Monday in Nature Biotechnology shows that this goal is well on its way to being a reality. The study authors announce they’ve created a method that causes plants to glow much brighter, and for a longer period of time, than previous efforts. Plants adapted by this method should be available for purchase within a few years.
The research was conducted through a teamwork between three scientific institutions and Planta, a biotech startup in Moscow. When this team examined a poisonous mushroom, they discovered that caffeic acid is responsible for its bioluminescence. In this new study, the team employed that information and inserted enzymes — which are specific to the mushroom — into the DNA of tobacco plants. In turn, the enzymes were able to interact with the caffeic acid in the tobacco plants, and cause them to glow both in the dark and in the daylight.
This method, the scientists claimed, made the plants 10 times brighter than previous efforts and the continuous light production didn’t harm the health of the plants. Interestingly, the light decreased as the leaves aged — but it also increased when the leaves were damaged. In turn, the team suggested this method could also help other researchers monitor plant responses to various pressures and changes in the environment. If a plant is short of water or a hungry sheep is harming a plant, bioluminescence could warn of this damage before it’s too late.
8．How can people quickly identify a decorative flower’s health condition
A．By making it greener. B．By monitoring its glow.
C．By testing the chemicals in it. D．By putting it in the living room.
9．What can we expect of the adapted glowing plants
A．They will appear on the market. B．They may take the place of lamps.
C．They can light up a whole living room. D．They glow less bright than previous efforts.
10．What did the team do with the mushroom in the new study
A．They inserted caffeic acid into it.
B．They made it give out brighter light.
C．They grew it on the tobacco plant farm.
D．They put its enzymes into the tobacco plants.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Warning of potential damage from glowing plants.
B．Warning of the light production’s harm to plants.
C．Effects of continuous light production on the glowing plants.
D．Benefits of combining specific enzymes with caffeic acid in plants.
After he received the China Youth May Fourth Medal, Yang Yongxiu felt a greater sense of responsibility.
Born in a rural family in Shangqiu, Henan Province, the first vehicle he drove was a tractor(拖拉机).” When I was a child, my father drove me to the farm during farming season,“ he said. Yang dreamed of making cars when he grew up. “During primary school, I often went to see the buses on the road near my village,” he said.” They made a deep impression on me.”
In 2007, he took gaokao, or China’s national college entrance examination, and scored more than he needed to get into an undergraduate program. To fulfill his dream, he chose to study numerical control technology at the Changchun Automobile Industry Institute, which has a long history of training workers for the automotive industry. After graduation, Yang joined the research and development department at FAW. Since then, the now 35-year-old has specialized in numerical control technology and has mastered the skill of making engine cylinders that meet extremely high standards. So far, Yang has been granted 18 national patents, solved a series of production-related problems and helped increase the group’s revenue by 12 million yuan.
At the beginning of 2020,Yang became a trainer. He is now responsible for teaching young workers and coaching them for competitions. He has trained about 700 people, some of whom have won awards, including 23 at the national level.
“I am happy to have been able to set up such a young team,” he said. “We have an average age of 29, and I believe this will help us come up with more ideas and energize the industry, in addition to developing a spirit of craftsmanship.” Looking ahead, Yang said he has more work to do to bring in more young talents. “I will continue to promote technical ability,” he said. “I hope we can write a new chapter through the power of youth in the future.”
12．What led to Yang’s receiving the China Youth May Fourth Medal
A．His great contributions in his field. B．His inspiring childhood experiences.
C．His passion for the automotive industry. D．His outstanding performance in his college.
13．Why did Yang choose to study at the Changchun Automobile Industry Institute
A．To meet his father’s will. B．To learn how to make cars.
C．To save China’s car industry. D．To find a good job after graduation.
14．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The youths will make a big difference in the future.
B．China places more emphasis on automobile industry.
C．The youths have made many achievements in many fields.
D．Yang’s future work is to further research teaching techniques.
15．What is the text
A．A book review. B．A science story. C．A news report. D．A personal diary.
Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another’s personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people’s personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche (心理), the research finds that personality traits (特征) are “contagious” (传染的) among children. “ Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can’t be changed,” said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study.
The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.
The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person “like a disease”. The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.
The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social “climate” in their workplaces, which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.
Dr.Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem.
16．According to Paragraph 2, who have the greatest impact on children’s personality
A．Their parents. B．Their friends.
C．The researchers. D．The psychologists.
17．Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace
A．Ignoring the faults of co-workers.
B．Not sending emails to workmates.
C．Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses.
D．Not inviting a colleague to a company party.
18．What is the passage mainly about
A．One’s personality is hard to change.
B．One’s personality is shaped by genes.
C．One’s personality traits can spread to others.
D．One’s personality traits can change overnight.
19．This passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．a science report. B．a study guide.
C．a school textbook. D．a technical journal.
A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair ” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will be. It’s not and it won’t be.
One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt differently; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions, and everyone has those times that they feel unfairly treated.
The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel enthusiastic for others and for ourselves. And enthusiasm is a heartfelt emotion that conveys loving-kindness to everyone it touches.
The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.
20．The author thought of his friend’s question as a good one because ________.
A．like his friend, he also thought life was unfair.
B．he also wanted to know who held such an opinion.
C．it made him recall something during his childhood.
21．Surrendering to the fact that life isn’t fair will ________.
A．make us feel sorry for unfair treatment.
B．make us know it’s our duty to perfect things.
C．keep us from making everything perfect.
D．keep us from doing everything in our power.
22．In the last paragraph, “this very basic fact”refers to the fact that ________.
A．you should not pity for others. B．life isn’t and won’t be fair.
C．compassion is heartfelt emotion. D．pity is a self-defeating emotion.
23．According to the author, when recognizing life injustice, you may ________.
A．feel pity to other people. B．do nothing to improve our life.
C．receive enthusiasm from others. D．take measures to solve life problem.
Do you want a part-time job to earn some extra money Check out the list and find one that suits your fancy.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
It seems almost everyone has a friend who is a technical genius. Such people earn money using their talent. If you are one of them, you could be responsible for technical support in your college or university and get your part-time job. You can enjoy the process of earning money while doing your favorite thing.
TUTOR
A lot of students hire a tutor to help them in high school or college. If you are good at some subjects, why not work as a peer tutor You help your friends and earn money at the same time. If you know foreign languages, you can make more money. All you need to do is to make an appropriate advertisement of your services using college newspapers. One of the best things about being a tutor is that you can set your hours.
FITNESS INSTRUCTOR
If your college or university has a fitness center and if you are a sporty person, go and sign up to get this job. You will have an absolute free opportunity to engage yourself in sports. You need to be a good psychologist, because you are going to work with people and it’ll be your job to persuade and motivate them to become sporty, healthy and strong. Being a fitness instructor is a perfect position for those who love to help other people and want to make more friends.
OFFICE WORKER
Nowadays many companies cooperate with college students giving them part-time jobs. Some of the major job duties of an office worker are answering calls and scheduling appointments. If you are interested in doing this job, contact the representatives of different companies to find out if they’re currently hiring anyone.
24．If you want to have a flexible schedule while earning some money, which of the following suits you most
A．Tutor. B．Technical support.
C．Fitness instructor. D．Office worker.
25．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage
A．The four kinds of part-time jobs are intended for college students.
B．If you work as a fitness instructor, you should be sporty and sociable.
C．As a part-time office worker, you are responsible for answering emails.
D．If you are good at foreign languages, you are able to earn more as a tutor.
26．How can one get a job as a part-time office worker
A．Through an online interview.
B．By submitting the application.
C．By advertising on the newspaper.
D．By contacting the representative of the company.
America has more than enough food for everyone to eat. But each year, billions of pounds of perfectly good food go to waste. Meanwhile, 34 million face hunger in the United States.
As the country’s largest food rescue organization, Feeding America partners with food manufacturers, grocery stores, restaurants, and farmers to rescue food and deliver it to food banks serving our neighbors.
Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $ 408 billion in food thrown away each year. Shockingly, nearly 40% of all food in America is wasted.
Food goes to waste at every stage of food production and distribution from farmers to packers and shippers, from manufacturers to retailers to our homes. Food waste in our homes makes up about 39% of all food waste—about 42 billion pounds of food waste, and commercial food waste makes up about 61% of all food waste or 66 billion pounds of food waste. Feeding America focuses on reducing food waste on farms and in food service, manufacturing, and retail.
Last year, the Feeding America network and our partners rescued 4.7 billion pounds of groceries. That food went directly to meals for people facing hunger. This makes Feeding America the largest food rescue organization in the country.
Food rescue, or food recovery, is the practice of collecting high-quality food that would otherwise go to waste and distributing it to people facing hunger. We work with manufacturers, retailers, and farmers to reduce food waste and get rescued food to people in need.
We identify food at risk of going to waste, offer rescued food to food banks, safely ship food over long distances and keep food fresh longer once it reaches a food bank.
27．What do we know about the food in America
A．It is barely enough. B．It is quite abundant.
C．It is easily available. D．It is increasingly insufficient.
28．What does the underlined phrase “equates to” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Consumes. B．Multiplies. C．Wastes. D．Equals.
29．How does the author reveal the food waste in America
A．By making comparisons. B．By listing reasons.
C．By presenting data. D．By offering examples.
30．What does Feeding America actually do
A．It teaches people how to grow food. B．It saves food from being wasted.
C．It urges government to take action. D．It aims to relieve world hunger.
The second-largest city in Switzerland after Zurich, Geneva has a good position on the south-western end of Lake Geneva, in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Visitors to Geneva will find a clean and elegant city. Here are some best things to do in Geneva.
Catch the Spray from the Jet d’Eau
Installed in 1886 to control the outflow of water from a nearby power station, the Jet d’Eau (water jet) soon became a symbol of the city of Geneva. It shoots water nearly 140 meters into the air and is one of the tallest fountains in the world. Unless winds are too strong, the Jet d’Eau runs every day and is illuminated (照亮) at night.
Tour the Palais des Nations
Constructed in the 1930s as the headquarters of the short-lived League of Nations, the Palais des Nations (Palace of Nations) is a major tourist attraction. Visitors are free to wander it or may jump in on an hour-long guided tour of several of the buildings.
Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais & the Flower Clock
All roads in Geneva seem to lead to the Jardin Anglais a small, prettily planted lakefront (湖边平地) garden in the center of Geneva. Crowds gather here for the flower clock, an oversized timepiece with seasonal flowers. Plenty of sitting areas, mature shade trees, and a central fountain make this a relaxing place to take a break from sightseeing.
Stroll (漫步) along the Lakefront and Riverside
The Jardin Anglais is just one of several places to admire the lake and the Jet d Eau. The entire lakefront is fit for strolling. There are 6 miles of footpaths and bike paths along the entire lakefront. Swans pass by during the day, and at night, the riverside and surrounding buildings are romantically lit.
31．Why did people build the Jet d’Eau
A．To recycle water for a nearby power station.
B．To make it the tallest fountain in the world.
C．To control the outflow of water from a power station.
D．To make it a symbol of the city of Geneva.
32．What may people go to the Jardin Anglais for
A．Planting some flowers in the garden. B．Going sightseeing for the flower clock.
C．Practicing their French in the garden. D．Buying cheap seasonal flowers.
33．What do the riverside and the Jet d’Eau have in common
A．They have beautiful lights at night. B．They have inviting fountains.
C．They have swans in the lake. D．They have paths for bicycles.
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．D
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更积极、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁症状。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The team also found that people who eat savoury (咸味的) snacks such as crisps (薯片), which are low in nutrients, are more likely to report greater levels of anxiety. (研究小组还发现，吃营养素含量低的咸味薯片等零食的人更可能显示更高的焦虑水平)”可知，咸味小吃更容易导致更大程度的焦虑。故答案为A。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The research found that both nutrient-rich fruit and nutrient-poor savoury snacks appeared to be linked to psychological health.(研究发现，营养丰富的水果和营养贫乏的咸味零食似乎都与心理健康有关)”可知，营养不良的零食与心理健康存在一定的关系。故答案为C。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段Nicola Jayne Tuck所陈述的“Very little is known about how diet may affect mental health and wellbeing, and while we did not directly examine causality here, our findings could suggest that frequently snacking on nutrient-poor savoury foods may increase everyday mental lapses, which in turn reduces psychological health (关于饮食如何影响心理健康和幸福，我们知之甚少，虽然我们没有直接研究因果关系，但我们的研究结果可能表明，经常吃营养不良的美味食物可能会增加日常的精神失调症，进而降低心理健康)”可知，“we did not directly examine causality”呼应前一句中的“Very little is known”，所以划线词等同于前一句的“how diet may affect mental health and wellbeing”。因此D选项“饮食与心理健康和幸福之间的关系”符合题意。故答案为D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段的“People who frequently eat fruit are more likely to report greater positive mental wellbeing and are less likely to report symptoms of depression than those who do not, according to new research from the College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University.(阿斯顿大学健康与生命科学学院的一项新研究显示，经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人更有可能表现出积极的心理健康，更不容易出现抑郁症状)”文章主要介绍了经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更积极、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁症状。所以D选项“Eating fruit often may contribute to mental health. (经常吃水果有助于心理健康)”符合文章标题。故答案为D。
5．A
6．C
7．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了瑞士联邦铁路网站的相关信息，包括火车的种类、提供的服务、买票方式和小贴士。
5．细节理解题。根据Kinds下第三个黑点“S or S-Bahn trains are frequent commuter trains that connect cities and suburbs. If you miss an S train, there’s usually another one coming soon after.(S或S-Bahn列车是连接城市和郊区的频繁通勤列车。如果你错过了S火车，通常不久就会有另一列火车。)”可知，S-Bahn列车是频繁通勤列车，错过一辆，下一辆也会很快到达。所以S-Bahn列车的特点就是运行频繁。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据Ways of buying tickets下“To purchase a ticket or research schedule options, type in your point-to-point destinations first and preferred travel time.(要购买火车票或研究行程选项，请先输入您的点对点目的地和首选旅行时间。)”可知，当买火车票的时候，首先要输入目的地。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Your ticket will not show a seat reservation. If you buy tickets at the SBB counter or office in the train station, you’ll have the option of reserving a seat in advance.(您的火车票不会显示座位预订。如果您在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票，您可以选择提前预订座位。)”可知，在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票才可以提前预定座位。题干中的book和原文中的reserve是同义替换，都表示“预订”。故选B。
8．B
9．A
10．D
11．D
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了对发光植物的相关研究。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Observing a plant’s health via its glow can be a way to instantly measure its health, and the side-effect is anybody who wants a healthy glowing plant in their living room can have one.(通过植物的发光来观察植物的健康状况是一种即时衡量植物健康状况的方法，副作用是任何人都可以在客厅里养一棵健康的发光植物)”可知，通过植物的发光来观察植物的健康状况是一种即时衡量其健康状况的方法。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Plants adapted by this method should be available for purchase within a few years.(用这种方法培育的植物在几年内就可以买到)”可知，用这种方法改良的植物应该在未来几年内就能买到。由此可推断，发光植物未来会出现在市场上。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“In this new study, the team employed that information and inserted enzymes — which are specific to the mushroom — into the DNA of tobacco plants.(在这项新研究中，研究小组利用这些信息，将蘑菇特有的酶插入烟草植物的DNA中)”可知，在这项新的研究中，该团队采用了这一信息，并将该蘑菇所特有的酶植入烟草植物的DNA中。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This method, the scientists claimed, made the plants 10 times brighter than previous efforts and the continuous light production didn’t harm the health of the plants. Interestingly, the light decreased as the leaves aged — but it also increased when the leaves were damaged. In turn, the team suggested this method could also help other researchers monitor plant responses to various pressures and changes in the environment. If a plant is short of water or a hungry sheep is harming a plant, bioluminescence could warn of this damage before it’s too late.(科学家们声称，这种方法使植物的亮度比以前的方法高出10倍，而且持续产生的光不会损害植物的健康。有趣的是，随着叶子老化，光线会减少，但当叶子受损时，光线会增加。反过来，研究小组认为这种方法也可以帮助其他研究人员监测植物对各种压力和环境变化的反应。如果一株植物缺水，或者一只饥饿的绵羊正在伤害一株植物，生物发光可以在为时已晚之前警告这种损害)”可知，此段主要讲述了将植物中特定的酶与咖啡酸结合起来的方法的好处。故选D。
12．A
13．B
14．A
15．C
【导语】本文是新闻报道，讲述了“中国青年五四奖章”获得者杨永修的个人经历，以及他在汽车行业中取得的成就。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since then, the now 35-year-old has specialized in numerical control technology and has mastered the skill of making engine cylinders that meet extremely high standards. So far, Yang has been granted 18 national patents, solved a series of production-related problems and helped increase the group’s revenue by 12 million yuan.(从那时起，现年35岁的他就专攻数控技术，掌握了制造达到极高标准的发动机气缸的技能。迄今为止，杨已获得18项国家专利，解决了一系列与生产相关的问题，帮助集团增加了1200万元的收入)”可知，杨永修在汽车行业中做出的杰出贡献让他被授予“中国青年五四奖章”。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yang dreamed of making cars when he grew up.(杨梦想长大后能制造汽车)”可知，杨永修梦想长大后能制造汽车。以及第三段“To fulfill his dream, he chose to study numerical control technology at the Changchun Automobile Industry Institute, which has a long history of training workers for the automotive industry.(为了实现他的梦想，他选择在长春汽车工业高等专科学校学习数控技术，该学院有着为汽车行业培训工人的悠久历史)”可知，为了实现自己的梦想，他选择了在长春汽车工业高等专科学校学习数控技术。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段““I am happy to have been able to set up such a young team,” he said. “We have an average age of 29, and I believe this will help us come up with more ideas and energize the industry, in addition to developing a spirit of craftsmanship.” Looking ahead, Yang said he has more work to do to bring in more young talents. “I will continue to promote technical ability,” he said. “I hope we can write a new chapter through the power of youth in the future.”(“我很高兴能够组建这样一个年轻的团队，”他说。“我们的平均年龄是29岁，我相信这不仅能培养工匠精神，还能帮助我们想出更多的创意，为这个行业注入活力。”展望未来，杨振宁表示，为了引进更多的年轻人才，他还有更多的工作要做。“我将继续提高技术能力，”他说。“希望未来通过青春的力量，谱写新的篇章。”)”可知，这个团队的平均年龄只有29岁，未来他们将为中国的汽车工业做出巨大的贡献。故选A。
15．推理判断题。文章讲述了“中国青年五四奖章”获得者杨永修的个人经历，以及他在汽车行业取得的成就。文章中还引用了很多他说的话，由此可推断，这是一篇对他的新闻报道。故选C。
16．B
17．D
18．C
19．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.”（随着时间的推移，那些有勤奋或外向的朋友的孩子逐渐具有这些性格特征。心理学专家Emily Dublin博士说，孩子们对彼此的影响比人们可能意识到的要大得多）可知根据第二段，孩子们的朋友对孩子的性格影响最大。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.”（粗鲁可能包括不邀请某人参加公司活动，发送不友好的电子邮件，指责他人或不给予赞扬）可知在工作场合，不邀请同事参加公司派对被认为是不礼貌的。故选D。
18．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用）并结合全文内容可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，一个人的个性特征可以传给其他人。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用）可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，一个人的个性特征可以传给其他人。这篇文章很可能摘自一份科学报告。故选A。
20．A
21．B
22．B
23．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们虽然世界是不公平的，但我们必须得接受这个现实！
20．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair ” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true.(我的一个朋友在回答我们关于生活不公平的对话时，问了我一个问题:“谁说生活将是公平的，或者它本来就应该是公平的 ”她的问题问得好。这让我想起了小时候学到的东西:生活是不公平的。这是令人失望的，但绝对是事实。)”可知，作者认为他朋友的问题很好，因为作者也认为生活是不公平的。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge.(接受生活不公平这一事实的好处之一是，它鼓励我们尽己所能做到最好，从而使我们不再自怨自怜。我们知道，让一切尽善尽美不是“生活的工作”，这是我们自己的挑战。)”可知，承认生活是不公平的这一事实会让我们知道完善事物是我们的责任，故选B。
22．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole.(虽然生活是不公平的，但这并不意味着我们不应该尽我们所能去改善自己的生活或整个世界。)”和最后一段内容“The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.(下次当你发现自己在思考这个世界的不公正时，试着提醒自己this very basic fact（这个非常基本的事实）。你可能会惊讶地发现，它能让你从自怜中解脱出来，采取有益的行动。)”可知，“this very basic fact”指的是“生活不公平，也不会公平”这个事实，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段的“One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have.(接受生活不公平这一事实的好处之一是，它鼓励我们尽己所能做到最好，从而使我们不再自怨自怜。)”和倒数第二段的“The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should.(虽然生活是不公平的，但这并不意味着我们不应该尽我们所能去改善自己的生活或整个世界。相反，它表明我们应该这样做。)”可知，根据作者的说法，当认识到生活的不公时，你可能会采取措施解决生活中的问题，故选D。
24．A
25．C
26．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了大学生可以做的四份兼职工作。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“One of the best things about being a tutor is that you can set your hours.”（做家教最好的一点是你可以设定你的时间。）可知，做家教的优点是时间可灵活调整。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Some of the major job duties of an office worker are answering calls and scheduling appointments.”（办公室工作人员的一些主要工作职责是接听电话和安排预约事宜。）可知，兼职做办公室工作人员主要是接电话和安排预约事宜，并不是选项C所说的“As a part-time office worker, you are responsible for answering emails.”（兼职做办公室工作人员，你负责回复电子邮件。）。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you are interested in doing this job, contact the representatives of different companies to find out if they’re currently hiring anyone.”（如果你对这份工作感兴趣，请联系不同公司的代理人，以便了解他们是否正在招聘员工。）可知，需要通过联系各公司代理人。故选D项。
27．B
28．D
29．C
30．B
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了美国食物浪费的现象及Feeding America在减少食物浪费方面所做的努力。
27．细节理解题。由第一段中的“America has more than enough food for everyone to eat. (美国的食物足够每个人吃)”可知，美国食物充足。故选B项。
28．词句猜测题。由第三段中的“Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $ 408 billion in food thrown away each year. (美国每年有1080亿磅的食物被浪费。这equates to每年1300亿顿饭和超过4080亿美元的食物被丢弃)”可知，这里把浪费的食物折合成饭和美元，它们的价值是相等的，划线部分意为“等于（Equals）”。故选D项。
29．推理判断题。由第三段中的“Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $ 408 billion in food thrown away each year. (美国每年有1080亿磅的食物被浪费。这相当于每年1300亿顿饭和超过4080亿美元的食物被丢弃)”和第四段中的“Food waste in our homes makes up about 39% of all food waste—about 42 billion pounds of food waste, and commercial food waste makes up about 61% of all food waste or 66 billion pounds of food waste. (我们家中的食物垃圾约占所有食物垃圾的39%，约420亿磅食物垃圾，而商业食物垃圾约为所有食物垃圾或660亿磅食物废物的61%)”可知，作者通过呈现数据来说明美国食物浪费的严重性。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Last year, the Feeding America network and our partners rescued 4.7 billion pounds of groceries. That food went directly to meals for people facing hunger. (去年，Feeding America网络和我们的合作伙伴拯救了47亿英镑的食品杂货。这些食物直接用于饥饿人群的膳食)”和倒数第二段“Food rescue, or food recovery, is the practice of collecting high-quality food that would otherwise go to waste and distributing it to people facing hunger. We work with manufacturers, retailers, and farmers to reduce food waste and get rescued food to people in need. (食物救援，或食物回收，是一种收集高质量食物（否则这些食物将被浪费）并分发给面临饥饿的人的做法。我们与制造商、零售商和农民合作，减少食物浪费，为有需要的人提供救援食品)”可知，Feeding America将原本会被浪费的高质量粮食收集起来，分发给面临饥饿的人们，避免了食物浪费。故选B项。
31．C
32．B
33．A
【导语】本文是应用文, 主要介绍了在日内瓦值得做的一些事。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Catch the Spray from the Jet d’Eau”部分第一句“Installed in 1886 to control the outflow of water from a nearby power station, the Jet d’Eau (water jet) soon became a symbol of the city of Geneva. ”（安装于1886年，用于控制附近发电站的水流，Jet d’Eau很快成为日内瓦的象征）可知，建造Jet d’Eau是为了控制附近发电站的水的流出。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais & the Flower Clock”部分第二句“Crowds gather here for the flower clock, an oversized timepiece with seasonal flowers.”（人群为花钟聚集在这里，一个由季节性花卉构成的超大时钟）可知，人们为了看花钟而聚集在这里。故选B。
33．细节理解题。 根据“Catch the Spray from the Jet d’Eau”部分最后一句“Unless winds are too strong, the Jet d’Eau runs every day and is illuminated (照亮) at night.”（除非风太大，Jet d’Eau每天都运行，在晚上也有照明）与“Stroll (漫步) along the Lakefront and Riverside”部分最后一句“Swans pass by during the day, and at night, the riverside and surrounding buildings are romantically lit.”（白天天鹅经过，到了晚上，河边和周围的建筑物都被浪漫的灯光照亮）可知，这两个地方在晚上都有漂亮的灯光。故选A。
People who frequently eat fruit are more likely to report greater positive mental wellbeing and are less likely to report symptoms of depression than those who do not, according to new research from the College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University. The team also found that people who eat savoury (咸味的) snacks such as crisps (薯片), which are low in nutrients, are more likely to report greater levels of anxiety.
Published in the British Journal of Nutrition, the study surveyed 428 adults from across the UK and looked at the relationship between their consumption of fruit, vegetables, sweet and savoury snacks, and their psychological health. The research found that both nutrient-rich fruit and nutrient-poor savoury snacks appeared to be linked to psychological health. They also found that there was no direct association between eating vegetables and psychological health. Based on the survey, the more often people ate fruit, the lower they scored for depression and the higher for mental wellbeing, independent of the overall quantity of fruit intake. By contrast, there was no link between these everyday memory lapses (差错) and fruit and vegetables intake or sweet snacks, suggesting a unique relationship between these nutrient-poor savoury snacks, everyday mental lapses, and psychological health.
Lead author, PhD student Nicola-Jayne Tuck commented, “Very little is known about how diet may affect mental health and wellbeing, and while we did not directly examine causality here, our findings could suggest that frequently snacking on nutrient-poor savoury foods may increase everyday mental lapses, which in turn reduces psychological health.”
“It is possible that changing what we snack on could be a really simple way to improve our mental wellbeing. Conversely, it is also possible that the forthcoming restriction of processed snacks at checkouts, due to come in this October, could not only improve the country’s physical health, but mental health too.”
“Overall, it’s definitely worth trying to get into the habit of reaching for the fruit bowl.”
1．Which may lead to greater level of anxiety
A．Savoury snacks. B．Fruit. C．Vegetables. D．Grain.
2．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Rich fruit appears not to be linked to psychological health.
B．The more fruit people eat, the lower they score for depression.
C．There is a relation between the nutrient-poor snacks and mental health.
D．There is a direct link between eating vegetables and psychological health.
3．What does the underlined word “causality” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The relation between fruit and vegetables.
B．The relation between exercise and health.
C．The relation between snacks and mental health.
D．The relation between diet and mental health and wellbeing.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．Eating habits can prevent disease
B．Eating unhealthy snacks often is harmful to health
C．Eating vegetables often can improve mental health
D．Eating fruit often may contribute to mental health
If you’re taking the train in Switzerland, your first stop should be the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) website. Except for a few scenic routes, SBB runs all the regional, commuter trains, and high-speed trains in the country.
Kinds
●R, RE, and IR are regional trains that are slower, cheaper, and stop at all or most stations between two major centers.
●IC or ICN (the N is for “night”) are fast trains that connect major cities but do not stop at smaller towns along the way.
●S or S-Bahn trains are frequent commuter trains that connect cities and suburbs. If you miss an S train, there’s usually another one coming soon after.
Service
The SBB website sells one-way or round-trip tickets between Swiss cities and other cities in Europe. They also sell City Tickets, including the train to that city, public transportation in the town, and a travel pass that typically allows access to several touristic sites.
Ways of buying tickets
To purchase a ticket or research schedule options, type in your point-to-point destinations first and preferred travel time. You can select the train that works best for you. Once you’ve selected your route, enter your passenger information. You’ll have the option to purchase a City plete your purchase with a credit card. You will be issued a voucher (票券).
Tips
Children below 16 years of age travel free. But you must pick up a Swiss Family Card before traveling. For travelers with disabilities, select “Barrier-free travel” from the pull-down menu labeled “Standard view” to see only trains that have wheelchair-accessible carriages.
Your ticket will not show a seat reservation. If you buy tickets at the SBB counter or office in the train station, you’ll have the option of reserving a seat in advance.
5．Which of the following is the feature of S-Bahn trains
A．They run frequently. B．They are cheap and slow.
C．They stop at all cities in Europe. D．They only connect major cities.
6．What should you do first when buying a ticket
A．Insert your credit card. B．Input your coins.
C．Input your destination. D．Choose your preferred train.
7．How can you book a seat
A．By calling SBB office to book tickets. B．By buying tickets at the SBB counter.
C．By booking tickets at SBB website. D．By paying some extra money.
Earth is lighted up by bioluminescence but, for many of us, seeing the natural phenomenon is a rare treat: Catching the glow of a firefly or witnessing a dolphin swimming through electric blue waters is a thrill.
Researchers are currently engineering glowing flowers and decorative plants that can cast a green light onto our living rooms. Observing a plant’s health via its glow can be a way to instantly measure its health, and the side-effect is anybody who wants a healthy glowing plant in their living room can have one.
A study published on Monday in Nature Biotechnology shows that this goal is well on its way to being a reality. The study authors announce they’ve created a method that causes plants to glow much brighter, and for a longer period of time, than previous efforts. Plants adapted by this method should be available for purchase within a few years.
The research was conducted through a teamwork between three scientific institutions and Planta, a biotech startup in Moscow. When this team examined a poisonous mushroom, they discovered that caffeic acid is responsible for its bioluminescence. In this new study, the team employed that information and inserted enzymes — which are specific to the mushroom — into the DNA of tobacco plants. In turn, the enzymes were able to interact with the caffeic acid in the tobacco plants, and cause them to glow both in the dark and in the daylight.
This method, the scientists claimed, made the plants 10 times brighter than previous efforts and the continuous light production didn’t harm the health of the plants. Interestingly, the light decreased as the leaves aged — but it also increased when the leaves were damaged. In turn, the team suggested this method could also help other researchers monitor plant responses to various pressures and changes in the environment. If a plant is short of water or a hungry sheep is harming a plant, bioluminescence could warn of this damage before it’s too late.
8．How can people quickly identify a decorative flower’s health condition
A．By making it greener. B．By monitoring its glow.
C．By testing the chemicals in it. D．By putting it in the living room.
9．What can we expect of the adapted glowing plants
A．They will appear on the market. B．They may take the place of lamps.
C．They can light up a whole living room. D．They glow less bright than previous efforts.
10．What did the team do with the mushroom in the new study
A．They inserted caffeic acid into it.
B．They made it give out brighter light.
C．They grew it on the tobacco plant farm.
D．They put its enzymes into the tobacco plants.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Warning of potential damage from glowing plants.
B．Warning of the light production’s harm to plants.
C．Effects of continuous light production on the glowing plants.
D．Benefits of combining specific enzymes with caffeic acid in plants.
After he received the China Youth May Fourth Medal, Yang Yongxiu felt a greater sense of responsibility.
Born in a rural family in Shangqiu, Henan Province, the first vehicle he drove was a tractor(拖拉机).” When I was a child, my father drove me to the farm during farming season,“ he said. Yang dreamed of making cars when he grew up. “During primary school, I often went to see the buses on the road near my village,” he said.” They made a deep impression on me.”
In 2007, he took gaokao, or China’s national college entrance examination, and scored more than he needed to get into an undergraduate program. To fulfill his dream, he chose to study numerical control technology at the Changchun Automobile Industry Institute, which has a long history of training workers for the automotive industry. After graduation, Yang joined the research and development department at FAW. Since then, the now 35-year-old has specialized in numerical control technology and has mastered the skill of making engine cylinders that meet extremely high standards. So far, Yang has been granted 18 national patents, solved a series of production-related problems and helped increase the group’s revenue by 12 million yuan.
At the beginning of 2020,Yang became a trainer. He is now responsible for teaching young workers and coaching them for competitions. He has trained about 700 people, some of whom have won awards, including 23 at the national level.
“I am happy to have been able to set up such a young team,” he said. “We have an average age of 29, and I believe this will help us come up with more ideas and energize the industry, in addition to developing a spirit of craftsmanship.” Looking ahead, Yang said he has more work to do to bring in more young talents. “I will continue to promote technical ability,” he said. “I hope we can write a new chapter through the power of youth in the future.”
12．What led to Yang’s receiving the China Youth May Fourth Medal
A．His great contributions in his field. B．His inspiring childhood experiences.
C．His passion for the automotive industry. D．His outstanding performance in his college.
13．Why did Yang choose to study at the Changchun Automobile Industry Institute
A．To meet his father’s will. B．To learn how to make cars.
C．To save China’s car industry. D．To find a good job after graduation.
14．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The youths will make a big difference in the future.
B．China places more emphasis on automobile industry.
C．The youths have made many achievements in many fields.
D．Yang’s future work is to further research teaching techniques.
15．What is the text
A．A book review. B．A science story. C．A news report. D．A personal diary.
Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another’s personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people’s personalities. While genetics still forms the central part of the human psyche (心理), the research finds that personality traits (特征) are “contagious” (传染的) among children. “ Our finding flies in the face of common assumptions that personality can’t be changed,” said Dr. Jennifer Neal, co-author of the study.
The researchers studied the personalities and social networks of two pre-school classes for a full school year. One of the classes was a set of three-year-olds, and the other a set of four-year-olds. Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.
The new study is not the first to explore the contagious effects of personality traits. A 2015 psychology study found that rudeness at work can be contagious as it travels from person to person “like a disease”. The study found that seeing a boss being rude to an employee was enough to cause people to be rude to those around them.
The researchers questioned 6,000 people on the social “climate” in their workplaces, which included offices, hotels and restaurants. They found 75 percent of those who took part said they had been treated rudely at least once in the past year. And the study also suggests that merely seeing other people being subjected to rudeness made it more likely that a person would treat their colleagues in the same way. Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.
Dr.Torkelson believes companies need to be more aware of the harm that rudeness in the workplace can do as it can damage the working environment. She said better training could help to fight against the problem.
16．According to Paragraph 2, who have the greatest impact on children’s personality
A．Their parents. B．Their friends.
C．The researchers. D．The psychologists.
17．Which of the following is considered rude at the workplace
A．Ignoring the faults of co-workers.
B．Not sending emails to workmates.
C．Seeking praise from colleagues and bosses.
D．Not inviting a colleague to a company party.
18．What is the passage mainly about
A．One’s personality is hard to change.
B．One’s personality is shaped by genes.
C．One’s personality traits can spread to others.
D．One’s personality traits can change overnight.
19．This passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．a science report. B．a study guide.
C．a school textbook. D．a technical journal.
A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair ” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will be. It’s not and it won’t be.
One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt differently; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions, and everyone has those times that they feel unfairly treated.
The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel enthusiastic for others and for ourselves. And enthusiasm is a heartfelt emotion that conveys loving-kindness to everyone it touches.
The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.
20．The author thought of his friend’s question as a good one because ________.
A．like his friend, he also thought life was unfair.
B．he also wanted to know who held such an opinion.
C．it made him recall something during his childhood.
21．Surrendering to the fact that life isn’t fair will ________.
A．make us feel sorry for unfair treatment.
B．make us know it’s our duty to perfect things.
C．keep us from making everything perfect.
D．keep us from doing everything in our power.
22．In the last paragraph, “this very basic fact”refers to the fact that ________.
A．you should not pity for others. B．life isn’t and won’t be fair.
C．compassion is heartfelt emotion. D．pity is a self-defeating emotion.
23．According to the author, when recognizing life injustice, you may ________.
A．feel pity to other people. B．do nothing to improve our life.
C．receive enthusiasm from others. D．take measures to solve life problem.
Do you want a part-time job to earn some extra money Check out the list and find one that suits your fancy.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
It seems almost everyone has a friend who is a technical genius. Such people earn money using their talent. If you are one of them, you could be responsible for technical support in your college or university and get your part-time job. You can enjoy the process of earning money while doing your favorite thing.
TUTOR
A lot of students hire a tutor to help them in high school or college. If you are good at some subjects, why not work as a peer tutor You help your friends and earn money at the same time. If you know foreign languages, you can make more money. All you need to do is to make an appropriate advertisement of your services using college newspapers. One of the best things about being a tutor is that you can set your hours.
FITNESS INSTRUCTOR
If your college or university has a fitness center and if you are a sporty person, go and sign up to get this job. You will have an absolute free opportunity to engage yourself in sports. You need to be a good psychologist, because you are going to work with people and it’ll be your job to persuade and motivate them to become sporty, healthy and strong. Being a fitness instructor is a perfect position for those who love to help other people and want to make more friends.
OFFICE WORKER
Nowadays many companies cooperate with college students giving them part-time jobs. Some of the major job duties of an office worker are answering calls and scheduling appointments. If you are interested in doing this job, contact the representatives of different companies to find out if they’re currently hiring anyone.
24．If you want to have a flexible schedule while earning some money, which of the following suits you most
A．Tutor. B．Technical support.
C．Fitness instructor. D．Office worker.
25．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage
A．The four kinds of part-time jobs are intended for college students.
B．If you work as a fitness instructor, you should be sporty and sociable.
C．As a part-time office worker, you are responsible for answering emails.
D．If you are good at foreign languages, you are able to earn more as a tutor.
26．How can one get a job as a part-time office worker
A．Through an online interview.
B．By submitting the application.
C．By advertising on the newspaper.
D．By contacting the representative of the company.
America has more than enough food for everyone to eat. But each year, billions of pounds of perfectly good food go to waste. Meanwhile, 34 million face hunger in the United States.
As the country’s largest food rescue organization, Feeding America partners with food manufacturers, grocery stores, restaurants, and farmers to rescue food and deliver it to food banks serving our neighbors.
Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $ 408 billion in food thrown away each year. Shockingly, nearly 40% of all food in America is wasted.
Food goes to waste at every stage of food production and distribution from farmers to packers and shippers, from manufacturers to retailers to our homes. Food waste in our homes makes up about 39% of all food waste—about 42 billion pounds of food waste, and commercial food waste makes up about 61% of all food waste or 66 billion pounds of food waste. Feeding America focuses on reducing food waste on farms and in food service, manufacturing, and retail.
Last year, the Feeding America network and our partners rescued 4.7 billion pounds of groceries. That food went directly to meals for people facing hunger. This makes Feeding America the largest food rescue organization in the country.
Food rescue, or food recovery, is the practice of collecting high-quality food that would otherwise go to waste and distributing it to people facing hunger. We work with manufacturers, retailers, and farmers to reduce food waste and get rescued food to people in need.
We identify food at risk of going to waste, offer rescued food to food banks, safely ship food over long distances and keep food fresh longer once it reaches a food bank.
27．What do we know about the food in America
A．It is barely enough. B．It is quite abundant.
C．It is easily available. D．It is increasingly insufficient.
28．What does the underlined phrase “equates to” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Consumes. B．Multiplies. C．Wastes. D．Equals.
29．How does the author reveal the food waste in America
A．By making comparisons. B．By listing reasons.
C．By presenting data. D．By offering examples.
30．What does Feeding America actually do
A．It teaches people how to grow food. B．It saves food from being wasted.
C．It urges government to take action. D．It aims to relieve world hunger.
The second-largest city in Switzerland after Zurich, Geneva has a good position on the south-western end of Lake Geneva, in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Visitors to Geneva will find a clean and elegant city. Here are some best things to do in Geneva.
Catch the Spray from the Jet d’Eau
Installed in 1886 to control the outflow of water from a nearby power station, the Jet d’Eau (water jet) soon became a symbol of the city of Geneva. It shoots water nearly 140 meters into the air and is one of the tallest fountains in the world. Unless winds are too strong, the Jet d’Eau runs every day and is illuminated (照亮) at night.
Tour the Palais des Nations
Constructed in the 1930s as the headquarters of the short-lived League of Nations, the Palais des Nations (Palace of Nations) is a major tourist attraction. Visitors are free to wander it or may jump in on an hour-long guided tour of several of the buildings.
Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais & the Flower Clock
All roads in Geneva seem to lead to the Jardin Anglais a small, prettily planted lakefront (湖边平地) garden in the center of Geneva. Crowds gather here for the flower clock, an oversized timepiece with seasonal flowers. Plenty of sitting areas, mature shade trees, and a central fountain make this a relaxing place to take a break from sightseeing.
Stroll (漫步) along the Lakefront and Riverside
The Jardin Anglais is just one of several places to admire the lake and the Jet d Eau. The entire lakefront is fit for strolling. There are 6 miles of footpaths and bike paths along the entire lakefront. Swans pass by during the day, and at night, the riverside and surrounding buildings are romantically lit.
31．Why did people build the Jet d’Eau
A．To recycle water for a nearby power station.
B．To make it the tallest fountain in the world.
C．To control the outflow of water from a power station.
D．To make it a symbol of the city of Geneva.
32．What may people go to the Jardin Anglais for
A．Planting some flowers in the garden. B．Going sightseeing for the flower clock.
C．Practicing their French in the garden. D．Buying cheap seasonal flowers.
33．What do the riverside and the Jet d’Eau have in common
A．They have beautiful lights at night. B．They have inviting fountains.
C．They have swans in the lake. D．They have paths for bicycles.
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．D
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更积极、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁症状。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The team also found that people who eat savoury (咸味的) snacks such as crisps (薯片), which are low in nutrients, are more likely to report greater levels of anxiety. (研究小组还发现，吃营养素含量低的咸味薯片等零食的人更可能显示更高的焦虑水平)”可知，咸味小吃更容易导致更大程度的焦虑。故答案为A。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The research found that both nutrient-rich fruit and nutrient-poor savoury snacks appeared to be linked to psychological health.(研究发现，营养丰富的水果和营养贫乏的咸味零食似乎都与心理健康有关)”可知，营养不良的零食与心理健康存在一定的关系。故答案为C。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段Nicola Jayne Tuck所陈述的“Very little is known about how diet may affect mental health and wellbeing, and while we did not directly examine causality here, our findings could suggest that frequently snacking on nutrient-poor savoury foods may increase everyday mental lapses, which in turn reduces psychological health (关于饮食如何影响心理健康和幸福，我们知之甚少，虽然我们没有直接研究因果关系，但我们的研究结果可能表明，经常吃营养不良的美味食物可能会增加日常的精神失调症，进而降低心理健康)”可知，“we did not directly examine causality”呼应前一句中的“Very little is known”，所以划线词等同于前一句的“how diet may affect mental health and wellbeing”。因此D选项“饮食与心理健康和幸福之间的关系”符合题意。故答案为D。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段的“People who frequently eat fruit are more likely to report greater positive mental wellbeing and are less likely to report symptoms of depression than those who do not, according to new research from the College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University.(阿斯顿大学健康与生命科学学院的一项新研究显示，经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人更有可能表现出积极的心理健康，更不容易出现抑郁症状)”文章主要介绍了经常吃水果的人比不吃水果的人有更积极、健康的心理，更不容易有抑郁症状。所以D选项“Eating fruit often may contribute to mental health. (经常吃水果有助于心理健康)”符合文章标题。故答案为D。
5．A
6．C
7．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了瑞士联邦铁路网站的相关信息，包括火车的种类、提供的服务、买票方式和小贴士。
5．细节理解题。根据Kinds下第三个黑点“S or S-Bahn trains are frequent commuter trains that connect cities and suburbs. If you miss an S train, there’s usually another one coming soon after.(S或S-Bahn列车是连接城市和郊区的频繁通勤列车。如果你错过了S火车，通常不久就会有另一列火车。)”可知，S-Bahn列车是频繁通勤列车，错过一辆，下一辆也会很快到达。所以S-Bahn列车的特点就是运行频繁。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据Ways of buying tickets下“To purchase a ticket or research schedule options, type in your point-to-point destinations first and preferred travel time.(要购买火车票或研究行程选项，请先输入您的点对点目的地和首选旅行时间。)”可知，当买火车票的时候，首先要输入目的地。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Your ticket will not show a seat reservation. If you buy tickets at the SBB counter or office in the train station, you’ll have the option of reserving a seat in advance.(您的火车票不会显示座位预订。如果您在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票，您可以选择提前预订座位。)”可知，在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票才可以提前预定座位。题干中的book和原文中的reserve是同义替换，都表示“预订”。故选B。
8．B
9．A
10．D
11．D
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了对发光植物的相关研究。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Observing a plant’s health via its glow can be a way to instantly measure its health, and the side-effect is anybody who wants a healthy glowing plant in their living room can have one.(通过植物的发光来观察植物的健康状况是一种即时衡量植物健康状况的方法，副作用是任何人都可以在客厅里养一棵健康的发光植物)”可知，通过植物的发光来观察植物的健康状况是一种即时衡量其健康状况的方法。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Plants adapted by this method should be available for purchase within a few years.(用这种方法培育的植物在几年内就可以买到)”可知，用这种方法改良的植物应该在未来几年内就能买到。由此可推断，发光植物未来会出现在市场上。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“In this new study, the team employed that information and inserted enzymes — which are specific to the mushroom — into the DNA of tobacco plants.(在这项新研究中，研究小组利用这些信息，将蘑菇特有的酶插入烟草植物的DNA中)”可知，在这项新的研究中，该团队采用了这一信息，并将该蘑菇所特有的酶植入烟草植物的DNA中。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This method, the scientists claimed, made the plants 10 times brighter than previous efforts and the continuous light production didn’t harm the health of the plants. Interestingly, the light decreased as the leaves aged — but it also increased when the leaves were damaged. In turn, the team suggested this method could also help other researchers monitor plant responses to various pressures and changes in the environment. If a plant is short of water or a hungry sheep is harming a plant, bioluminescence could warn of this damage before it’s too late.(科学家们声称，这种方法使植物的亮度比以前的方法高出10倍，而且持续产生的光不会损害植物的健康。有趣的是，随着叶子老化，光线会减少，但当叶子受损时，光线会增加。反过来，研究小组认为这种方法也可以帮助其他研究人员监测植物对各种压力和环境变化的反应。如果一株植物缺水，或者一只饥饿的绵羊正在伤害一株植物，生物发光可以在为时已晚之前警告这种损害)”可知，此段主要讲述了将植物中特定的酶与咖啡酸结合起来的方法的好处。故选D。
12．A
13．B
14．A
15．C
【导语】本文是新闻报道，讲述了“中国青年五四奖章”获得者杨永修的个人经历，以及他在汽车行业中取得的成就。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since then, the now 35-year-old has specialized in numerical control technology and has mastered the skill of making engine cylinders that meet extremely high standards. So far, Yang has been granted 18 national patents, solved a series of production-related problems and helped increase the group’s revenue by 12 million yuan.(从那时起，现年35岁的他就专攻数控技术，掌握了制造达到极高标准的发动机气缸的技能。迄今为止，杨已获得18项国家专利，解决了一系列与生产相关的问题，帮助集团增加了1200万元的收入)”可知，杨永修在汽车行业中做出的杰出贡献让他被授予“中国青年五四奖章”。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yang dreamed of making cars when he grew up.(杨梦想长大后能制造汽车)”可知，杨永修梦想长大后能制造汽车。以及第三段“To fulfill his dream, he chose to study numerical control technology at the Changchun Automobile Industry Institute, which has a long history of training workers for the automotive industry.(为了实现他的梦想，他选择在长春汽车工业高等专科学校学习数控技术，该学院有着为汽车行业培训工人的悠久历史)”可知，为了实现自己的梦想，他选择了在长春汽车工业高等专科学校学习数控技术。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段““I am happy to have been able to set up such a young team,” he said. “We have an average age of 29, and I believe this will help us come up with more ideas and energize the industry, in addition to developing a spirit of craftsmanship.” Looking ahead, Yang said he has more work to do to bring in more young talents. “I will continue to promote technical ability,” he said. “I hope we can write a new chapter through the power of youth in the future.”(“我很高兴能够组建这样一个年轻的团队，”他说。“我们的平均年龄是29岁，我相信这不仅能培养工匠精神，还能帮助我们想出更多的创意，为这个行业注入活力。”展望未来，杨振宁表示，为了引进更多的年轻人才，他还有更多的工作要做。“我将继续提高技术能力，”他说。“希望未来通过青春的力量，谱写新的篇章。”)”可知，这个团队的平均年龄只有29岁，未来他们将为中国的汽车工业做出巨大的贡献。故选A。
15．推理判断题。文章讲述了“中国青年五四奖章”获得者杨永修的个人经历，以及他在汽车行业取得的成就。文章中还引用了很多他说的话，由此可推断，这是一篇对他的新闻报道。故选C。
16．B
17．D
18．C
19．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“Children whose friends were hard-working or outgoing gradually took on these personality traits over time. Psychology expert Dr. Emily Dublin said kids are having a far bigger effect on each other than people may realize.”（随着时间的推移，那些有勤奋或外向的朋友的孩子逐渐具有这些性格特征。心理学专家Emily Dublin博士说，孩子们对彼此的影响比人们可能意识到的要大得多）可知根据第二段，孩子们的朋友对孩子的性格影响最大。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rudeness could include leaving someone off an invite to a company event, sending unkind emails, finding fault with others or failing to give praise.”（粗鲁可能包括不邀请某人参加公司活动，发送不友好的电子邮件，指责他人或不给予赞扬）可知在工作场合，不邀请同事参加公司派对被认为是不礼貌的。故选D。
18．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用）并结合全文内容可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，一个人的个性特征可以传给其他人。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据第一段“Pre-school children who spend time together take on one another's personalities, a new research has found. The study shows that environment plays a key role in shaping people's personalities.”（一项新研究发现，学龄前儿童在一起的时间会呈现出彼此的性格。研究表明，环境在塑造人的个性方面起着关键作用）可知这篇文章主要讲了研究表明，一个人的个性特征可以传给其他人。这篇文章很可能摘自一份科学报告。故选A。
20．A
21．B
22．B
23．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者结合自己的切身经历告诉我们虽然世界是不公平的，但我们必须得接受这个现实！
20．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair ” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true.(我的一个朋友在回答我们关于生活不公平的对话时，问了我一个问题:“谁说生活将是公平的，或者它本来就应该是公平的 ”她的问题问得好。这让我想起了小时候学到的东西:生活是不公平的。这是令人失望的，但绝对是事实。)”可知，作者认为他朋友的问题很好，因为作者也认为生活是不公平的。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge.(接受生活不公平这一事实的好处之一是，它鼓励我们尽己所能做到最好，从而使我们不再自怨自怜。我们知道，让一切尽善尽美不是“生活的工作”，这是我们自己的挑战。)”可知，承认生活是不公平的这一事实会让我们知道完善事物是我们的责任，故选B。
22．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole.(虽然生活是不公平的，但这并不意味着我们不应该尽我们所能去改善自己的生活或整个世界。)”和最后一段内容“The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.(下次当你发现自己在思考这个世界的不公正时，试着提醒自己this very basic fact（这个非常基本的事实）。你可能会惊讶地发现，它能让你从自怜中解脱出来，采取有益的行动。)”可知，“this very basic fact”指的是“生活不公平，也不会公平”这个事实，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段的“One of the nice things about surrendering (屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have.(接受生活不公平这一事实的好处之一是，它鼓励我们尽己所能做到最好，从而使我们不再自怨自怜。)”和倒数第二段的“The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should.(虽然生活是不公平的，但这并不意味着我们不应该尽我们所能去改善自己的生活或整个世界。相反，它表明我们应该这样做。)”可知，根据作者的说法，当认识到生活的不公时，你可能会采取措施解决生活中的问题，故选D。
24．A
25．C
26．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了大学生可以做的四份兼职工作。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“One of the best things about being a tutor is that you can set your hours.”（做家教最好的一点是你可以设定你的时间。）可知，做家教的优点是时间可灵活调整。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Some of the major job duties of an office worker are answering calls and scheduling appointments.”（办公室工作人员的一些主要工作职责是接听电话和安排预约事宜。）可知，兼职做办公室工作人员主要是接电话和安排预约事宜，并不是选项C所说的“As a part-time office worker, you are responsible for answering emails.”（兼职做办公室工作人员，你负责回复电子邮件。）。故选C项。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“If you are interested in doing this job, contact the representatives of different companies to find out if they’re currently hiring anyone.”（如果你对这份工作感兴趣，请联系不同公司的代理人，以便了解他们是否正在招聘员工。）可知，需要通过联系各公司代理人。故选D项。
27．B
28．D
29．C
30．B
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了美国食物浪费的现象及Feeding America在减少食物浪费方面所做的努力。
27．细节理解题。由第一段中的“America has more than enough food for everyone to eat. (美国的食物足够每个人吃)”可知，美国食物充足。故选B项。
28．词句猜测题。由第三段中的“Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $ 408 billion in food thrown away each year. (美国每年有1080亿磅的食物被浪费。这equates to每年1300亿顿饭和超过4080亿美元的食物被丢弃)”可知，这里把浪费的食物折合成饭和美元，它们的价值是相等的，划线部分意为“等于（Equals）”。故选D项。
29．推理判断题。由第三段中的“Each year, 108 billion pounds of food is wasted in the United States. That equates to 130 billion meals and more than $ 408 billion in food thrown away each year. (美国每年有1080亿磅的食物被浪费。这相当于每年1300亿顿饭和超过4080亿美元的食物被丢弃)”和第四段中的“Food waste in our homes makes up about 39% of all food waste—about 42 billion pounds of food waste, and commercial food waste makes up about 61% of all food waste or 66 billion pounds of food waste. (我们家中的食物垃圾约占所有食物垃圾的39%，约420亿磅食物垃圾，而商业食物垃圾约为所有食物垃圾或660亿磅食物废物的61%)”可知，作者通过呈现数据来说明美国食物浪费的严重性。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Last year, the Feeding America network and our partners rescued 4.7 billion pounds of groceries. That food went directly to meals for people facing hunger. (去年，Feeding America网络和我们的合作伙伴拯救了47亿英镑的食品杂货。这些食物直接用于饥饿人群的膳食)”和倒数第二段“Food rescue, or food recovery, is the practice of collecting high-quality food that would otherwise go to waste and distributing it to people facing hunger. We work with manufacturers, retailers, and farmers to reduce food waste and get rescued food to people in need. (食物救援，或食物回收，是一种收集高质量食物（否则这些食物将被浪费）并分发给面临饥饿的人的做法。我们与制造商、零售商和农民合作，减少食物浪费，为有需要的人提供救援食品)”可知，Feeding America将原本会被浪费的高质量粮食收集起来，分发给面临饥饿的人们，避免了食物浪费。故选B项。
31．C
32．B
33．A
【导语】本文是应用文, 主要介绍了在日内瓦值得做的一些事。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Catch the Spray from the Jet d’Eau”部分第一句“Installed in 1886 to control the outflow of water from a nearby power station, the Jet d’Eau (water jet) soon became a symbol of the city of Geneva. ”（安装于1886年，用于控制附近发电站的水流，Jet d’Eau很快成为日内瓦的象征）可知，建造Jet d’Eau是为了控制附近发电站的水的流出。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Take a Break at the Jardin Anglais & the Flower Clock”部分第二句“Crowds gather here for the flower clock, an oversized timepiece with seasonal flowers.”（人群为花钟聚集在这里，一个由季节性花卉构成的超大时钟）可知，人们为了看花钟而聚集在这里。故选B。
33．细节理解题。 根据“Catch the Spray from the Jet d’Eau”部分最后一句“Unless winds are too strong, the Jet d’Eau runs every day and is illuminated (照亮) at night.”（除非风太大，Jet d’Eau每天都运行，在晚上也有照明）与“Stroll (漫步) along the Lakefront and Riverside”部分最后一句“Swans pass by during the day, and at night, the riverside and surrounding buildings are romantically lit.”（白天天鹅经过，到了晚上，河边和周围的建筑物都被浪漫的灯光照亮）可知，这两个地方在晚上都有漂亮的灯光。故选A。