牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 3 Festivals and Customs Grammar and usage 课件(共31张PPT)
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| 名称 | 牛津译林版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 3 Festivals and Customs Grammar and usage 课件(共31张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-13 22:28:36 | ||
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(共31张PPT)
Unit 3 Festivals and customs
Grammar and usage
Exploring the rules
1
Step
1. Read the story on page 34 and answer the following questions.
How much did Della have
One dollar and eighty-seven cents.
2. What was she going to do to earn more money for a nice gift
She was going to sell her hair.
3. What did she buy for Jim at last
She bought a watch chain for Jim.
What was she about to find out
She was about to find out if Jim would still think she was pretty.
Exploring the rules
2
Step
2. Read the story on page 34 again and find the sentences that use future in the past.
And the next day would be Christmas.
If she was to buy a nice gift for her husband Jim, she would need more money.
… she was going to sell her hair.
… she would buy Jim a perfect gift.
Would Jim still think she was pretty
She was about to find out.
Exploring the rules
2
Step
3. Observe the following sentences and find out more about the usage of future in the past.
John said he would come.
They were sure that they would win the final victory.
I left my office early because I was going to see Jenny later that afternoon.
That journey was to change his life.
Lily promised that she was coming to see us.
Exploring the rules
2
Step
4. Fill in the blanks on page 34.
We use future in the past to describe an action (1) _____________ (in the future/in the past) from the perspective of some point (2) _____________ (in the future/in the past).
in the future
in the past
Present
Future in the past
Past
Future
Exploring the rules
2
Step
4. Fill in the blanks on page 34.
We form future in the past in statements by using (3) _______________, was/were to, (4) ______________ or was/were about to with the base form of a verb.
would do
was/were going to
would do
was/were to do
was/were going to do
was/were about to do
Exploring more about the rules
3
Step
1. Observe the following sentences and tell whether the action in the clause is a promise, a voluntary action, a plan or a prediction.
My father said this year would be a very interesting year.
My father said this year was going to be a very interesting year.
No one knew John Smith would be the next President.
No one knew John Smith was going to be the next President.
prediction
prediction
prediction
prediction
Exploring more about the rules
3
Step
1. Observe the following sentences and tell whether the action in the clause is a promise, a voluntary action, a plan or a prediction.
I told you he was going to come to the party.
I knew Julie would make dinner.
Jane said Sam was going to bring his sister with him, but he came alone.
He promised he would send a postcard from Egypt.
plan
voluntary action
plan
promise
I _________________________ (was about to leave/was to leave) when the telephone rang.
They said they _________________________ (were about to leave/were to leave) soon.
My friend said his friends _________________________ (were about to arrive/were to arrive) that evening.
The guide told us we _________________________ (were not about to walk/were not to walk) on the grass.
Exploring more about the rules
3
Step
2. Fill in the blanks with correct expressions in the brackets.
was about to leave
were to leave
were to arrive
were not to walk
be to do
The naughty boy is to stay here until class is over.(必须)
Mike and Mary are to get married next month. (表计划，安排）
The lovely little dog isn’t to be found anywhere.(表可能)
If you are to get there on time, you’d better hurry up.(打算)
You have done the work so well. You are to be rewarded. (应该)
He went abroad ten years ago, not knowing that he was never to see his family again.(注定，本可避免，必然发生)
Applying the rules
Step
1. Complete the conversations on page 35 with the correct expressions in the brackets.
4
Paul: I (a) _________________ (visited/was about to visit) the museum with my friends last weekend. What about you
Emily: I (b) _________________ (saw/was going to see) a documentary film about the Spring Festival with Joanna on Saturday, but she didn’t feel well. So I just stayed at home.
visited
was going to see
Applying the rules
Step
1. Complete the conversations on page 35 with the correct expressions in the brackets.
4
Alex: We (a) _________________ (are going to hand in/were going to hand in) our report on festivals around the world next Monday.
Colin: Yes, but I (b) _________________ (wasn’t to start/haven’t started) it yet.
Alex: You told me you (c) _________________ (would work on/worked on) it all day yesterday.
Colin: Oh, I (d) _________________ (was about to start/would start) when my cousin (e) _________________ (would come/came) over.
are going to hand in
haven’t started
would work on
was about to start
came
Jim was shopping for a gift for his wife Della. The next day (1) _________________ Christmas. With an income of twenty dollars per week, life was hard for the couple, but Jim wanted to buy a perfect gift for Della. He thought of the beautiful set of combs on show in one of the shop windows on Broadway. Della had wanted those combs for so long. Tomorrow, Jim decided, he (2) ____________________________ Della’s dream come true.
Applying the rules
Step
2. Complete the story about Jim’s gift for Della with the correct verbs in the box on page 35, using future in the past.
4
would be
was going to make/would make
Jim looked at the gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s. He and Della owned two things which they were both very proud of. One was Jim’s gold watch, and the other was Della’s beautiful hair. Jim already knew what he had to do: he (3) ____________________________ his watch.
That afternoon, Jim sold the watch, went to the shop for the combs and returned home with a package in his pocket. He was sure that they (4) ____________________________ the most wonderful gift for Della. Jim was excited about what she (5) ____________________________ when she saw her gift the next day.
would sell/was going to sell
would be/were going to be
was going to think/would think
Consolidating the rules
Step
1. Reread the two stories about Della and Jim and think about the following questions.
For a perfect Christmas gift, what did the couple do for each other
Why did they do that
Were the gifts they bought really suitable for each other Were the couple wise to do so
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
2. Discuss the question in groups.
What would Della and Jim do when they found out what had happened
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
3. Write an ending for the story using future in the past.
would do
was/were to do
was/were going to do
was/were about to do
Future in the past
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
4. Read the sample and pay attention to future in the past.
Della was admiring Jim’s watch chain. She could not wait to see how Jim would react when he saw it the next morning. What was she going to say about her hair, though She had to think of something. Just then, Jim opened the front door.
“Oh!” said Della in surprise, trying to hide the chain. “I didn’t think you were going to be back so soon. I was about to take a shower.” She tried to get away to the bathroom.
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
4. Read the sample and pay attention to future in the past.
“What’s that ” asked Jim. He came closer. “Oh my god! And what on earth have you done to your hair ”
“I was going to wait until tomorrow to give this to you, but you’ve seen it now,” Della said. “I sold my hair to buy you a new chain for your watch.”
Jim looked at her with a loving smile, but there was also sadness in his eyes.
“What’s wrong ” asked Della.
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
4. Read the sample and pay attention to future in the past.
“I thought I would surprise you for Christmas too,” said Jim. “So I sold my watch to get you these.” He held out the combs.
Della was speechless. She smiled back at Jim, and they held each other for a long time. Although their gifts had not worked out as planned, they were to be together happily for Christmas, and that was all that mattered.
5
Step
6
Language focus:
earn/ make money赚钱，挣钱
earn one’s/ a living by …靠…谋生
earner赚钱者，盈利活动 earnings薪水，工资
His father earns a living by teaching at a language school.
The young man can’t wait to earn money to support his own study.
earn sb. sth.为某人赢得某事
earn a fame/ a reputation赢得名声
earn the respect / trust of sb.赢得某人的尊敬、 信任
他的突出的能力为他在球队中赢得一席之地。
His outstanding ability earned him a place on the team.
作为教授，他赢得了学生的尊敬。
As a professor, he earned the respect of his students.
make up one’s mind下决心，决定
make up one’s mind to do sth
make up one’s mind clause
change one’s mind改变主意
keep / bear sth. in mind记住某事
have …in mind考虑；打算
fix / focus one’s mind on把注意力击中在
be of the same mind看法相同
Some of my friends and I haven’t made up our _______ (mind) where we will go to for the holiday.
You and I seem to__________________. We both prefer to stay at home for the weekend.
minds
be of the same mind
reflection 映像;映照出的影像;(声、光、热等的)反射;反映;显示;表达
犯罪的增加令人遗憾地反映了当今社会不太好的一面。
The increase in crime is a sad reflection on our society today.
经过审慎的思考，她决定还是接受他的提议。
She decided on reflection to accept his proposal after all.
穿着常常反映出一个人的个性。
Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality.
梅格注视着卧室中镜子里的自己。
Meg stared at her reflection in the bedroom mirror.
chain：
n. 链子;链条;锁链;一系列，一连串(人或事);连锁商店
v. 用锁链拴住(或束缚、固定)
a chain of 一系列，一连串； in chains戴着镣铐，受着约束， chain sb. / sth. to, chain sb./ sth. up 把某人/某物拴住
小商店被大型的连锁店抢了生意。
Small businesses are losing out to the large chains.
她戴着一条粗实的金项链。
She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck.
在食物链中，昆虫是相当低的一级生物。
Insects are fairly low down the food chain.
夜间那条狗用链子拴起来。
The dog was chained up for the night.
我整个星期都在伏案工作，脱不开身。
I've been chained to my desk all week.
pass down传递，传承，递下来
pass by从旁经过
pass on传递
pass away 去世，死掉
他们常借用民歌来传递历史。
They often use folksongs to pass down their history.
从教育史上看，人类从古代到近代都非常注重传统文化的传承。
In the history of education, humans made a special effort to pass down their valuable traditions.
下梯子前，你先把工具递下来给我。
Pass tools down to me before you come down the ladder.
读完此书，她便能将从书中所得传授给实习教师。
Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the acquired knowledge to trainee teachers.
他们给我们传经送宝来了。
They have come to us to pass on their valuable experience.
烦您给她捎个信儿。
May I trouble you to pass on a message to her
Humans ___________their skills and knowledge to their next generations through education.
pass down
promote：促进;推动;促销;推销;提升;晋升
我们需要促进思想和信息的公开交流。
We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.
查尔斯被提升为市场营销总经理。
Charles has been promoted to general sales and marketing manager.
在公共交通工具上做广告是促销产品的方法之一。
Advertisements on public transport is one way to promote a product.
她的晋升意味着她每星期多挣100元。
Her promotion means she's$ 100 a week better off.
Her promotion means makes 100 dollars more per week.
_________ you are expected to do is wait and see.
A ship is harbor is safe, but that is not _______ ships are built for.
prepare sth. foor sb.
have her hair cut off
sell sth. for money
remaining 87 cents
from the perspective of some point in the past
an income of 20 dollars per week
on show
come true
这对夫妇拥有了自己的房子，终于梦想成真了。
Owning a place of their own is a dream come true for the couple.
What
what
Homework
Polish your writing after class and exchange your writing with your partner.
Unit 3 Festivals and customs
Grammar and usage
Exploring the rules
1
Step
1. Read the story on page 34 and answer the following questions.
How much did Della have
One dollar and eighty-seven cents.
2. What was she going to do to earn more money for a nice gift
She was going to sell her hair.
3. What did she buy for Jim at last
She bought a watch chain for Jim.
What was she about to find out
She was about to find out if Jim would still think she was pretty.
Exploring the rules
2
Step
2. Read the story on page 34 again and find the sentences that use future in the past.
And the next day would be Christmas.
If she was to buy a nice gift for her husband Jim, she would need more money.
… she was going to sell her hair.
… she would buy Jim a perfect gift.
Would Jim still think she was pretty
She was about to find out.
Exploring the rules
2
Step
3. Observe the following sentences and find out more about the usage of future in the past.
John said he would come.
They were sure that they would win the final victory.
I left my office early because I was going to see Jenny later that afternoon.
That journey was to change his life.
Lily promised that she was coming to see us.
Exploring the rules
2
Step
4. Fill in the blanks on page 34.
We use future in the past to describe an action (1) _____________ (in the future/in the past) from the perspective of some point (2) _____________ (in the future/in the past).
in the future
in the past
Present
Future in the past
Past
Future
Exploring the rules
2
Step
4. Fill in the blanks on page 34.
We form future in the past in statements by using (3) _______________, was/were to, (4) ______________ or was/were about to with the base form of a verb.
would do
was/were going to
would do
was/were to do
was/were going to do
was/were about to do
Exploring more about the rules
3
Step
1. Observe the following sentences and tell whether the action in the clause is a promise, a voluntary action, a plan or a prediction.
My father said this year would be a very interesting year.
My father said this year was going to be a very interesting year.
No one knew John Smith would be the next President.
No one knew John Smith was going to be the next President.
prediction
prediction
prediction
prediction
Exploring more about the rules
3
Step
1. Observe the following sentences and tell whether the action in the clause is a promise, a voluntary action, a plan or a prediction.
I told you he was going to come to the party.
I knew Julie would make dinner.
Jane said Sam was going to bring his sister with him, but he came alone.
He promised he would send a postcard from Egypt.
plan
voluntary action
plan
promise
I _________________________ (was about to leave/was to leave) when the telephone rang.
They said they _________________________ (were about to leave/were to leave) soon.
My friend said his friends _________________________ (were about to arrive/were to arrive) that evening.
The guide told us we _________________________ (were not about to walk/were not to walk) on the grass.
Exploring more about the rules
3
Step
2. Fill in the blanks with correct expressions in the brackets.
was about to leave
were to leave
were to arrive
were not to walk
be to do
The naughty boy is to stay here until class is over.(必须)
Mike and Mary are to get married next month. (表计划，安排）
The lovely little dog isn’t to be found anywhere.(表可能)
If you are to get there on time, you’d better hurry up.(打算)
You have done the work so well. You are to be rewarded. (应该)
He went abroad ten years ago, not knowing that he was never to see his family again.(注定，本可避免，必然发生)
Applying the rules
Step
1. Complete the conversations on page 35 with the correct expressions in the brackets.
4
Paul: I (a) _________________ (visited/was about to visit) the museum with my friends last weekend. What about you
Emily: I (b) _________________ (saw/was going to see) a documentary film about the Spring Festival with Joanna on Saturday, but she didn’t feel well. So I just stayed at home.
visited
was going to see
Applying the rules
Step
1. Complete the conversations on page 35 with the correct expressions in the brackets.
4
Alex: We (a) _________________ (are going to hand in/were going to hand in) our report on festivals around the world next Monday.
Colin: Yes, but I (b) _________________ (wasn’t to start/haven’t started) it yet.
Alex: You told me you (c) _________________ (would work on/worked on) it all day yesterday.
Colin: Oh, I (d) _________________ (was about to start/would start) when my cousin (e) _________________ (would come/came) over.
are going to hand in
haven’t started
would work on
was about to start
came
Jim was shopping for a gift for his wife Della. The next day (1) _________________ Christmas. With an income of twenty dollars per week, life was hard for the couple, but Jim wanted to buy a perfect gift for Della. He thought of the beautiful set of combs on show in one of the shop windows on Broadway. Della had wanted those combs for so long. Tomorrow, Jim decided, he (2) ____________________________ Della’s dream come true.
Applying the rules
Step
2. Complete the story about Jim’s gift for Della with the correct verbs in the box on page 35, using future in the past.
4
would be
was going to make/would make
Jim looked at the gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s. He and Della owned two things which they were both very proud of. One was Jim’s gold watch, and the other was Della’s beautiful hair. Jim already knew what he had to do: he (3) ____________________________ his watch.
That afternoon, Jim sold the watch, went to the shop for the combs and returned home with a package in his pocket. He was sure that they (4) ____________________________ the most wonderful gift for Della. Jim was excited about what she (5) ____________________________ when she saw her gift the next day.
would sell/was going to sell
would be/were going to be
was going to think/would think
Consolidating the rules
Step
1. Reread the two stories about Della and Jim and think about the following questions.
For a perfect Christmas gift, what did the couple do for each other
Why did they do that
Were the gifts they bought really suitable for each other Were the couple wise to do so
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
2. Discuss the question in groups.
What would Della and Jim do when they found out what had happened
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
3. Write an ending for the story using future in the past.
would do
was/were to do
was/were going to do
was/were about to do
Future in the past
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
4. Read the sample and pay attention to future in the past.
Della was admiring Jim’s watch chain. She could not wait to see how Jim would react when he saw it the next morning. What was she going to say about her hair, though She had to think of something. Just then, Jim opened the front door.
“Oh!” said Della in surprise, trying to hide the chain. “I didn’t think you were going to be back so soon. I was about to take a shower.” She tried to get away to the bathroom.
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
4. Read the sample and pay attention to future in the past.
“What’s that ” asked Jim. He came closer. “Oh my god! And what on earth have you done to your hair ”
“I was going to wait until tomorrow to give this to you, but you’ve seen it now,” Della said. “I sold my hair to buy you a new chain for your watch.”
Jim looked at her with a loving smile, but there was also sadness in his eyes.
“What’s wrong ” asked Della.
5
Consolidating the rules
Step
4. Read the sample and pay attention to future in the past.
“I thought I would surprise you for Christmas too,” said Jim. “So I sold my watch to get you these.” He held out the combs.
Della was speechless. She smiled back at Jim, and they held each other for a long time. Although their gifts had not worked out as planned, they were to be together happily for Christmas, and that was all that mattered.
5
Step
6
Language focus:
earn/ make money赚钱，挣钱
earn one’s/ a living by …靠…谋生
earner赚钱者，盈利活动 earnings薪水，工资
His father earns a living by teaching at a language school.
The young man can’t wait to earn money to support his own study.
earn sb. sth.为某人赢得某事
earn a fame/ a reputation赢得名声
earn the respect / trust of sb.赢得某人的尊敬、 信任
他的突出的能力为他在球队中赢得一席之地。
His outstanding ability earned him a place on the team.
作为教授，他赢得了学生的尊敬。
As a professor, he earned the respect of his students.
make up one’s mind下决心，决定
make up one’s mind to do sth
make up one’s mind clause
change one’s mind改变主意
keep / bear sth. in mind记住某事
have …in mind考虑；打算
fix / focus one’s mind on把注意力击中在
be of the same mind看法相同
Some of my friends and I haven’t made up our _______ (mind) where we will go to for the holiday.
You and I seem to__________________. We both prefer to stay at home for the weekend.
minds
be of the same mind
reflection 映像;映照出的影像;(声、光、热等的)反射;反映;显示;表达
犯罪的增加令人遗憾地反映了当今社会不太好的一面。
The increase in crime is a sad reflection on our society today.
经过审慎的思考，她决定还是接受他的提议。
She decided on reflection to accept his proposal after all.
穿着常常反映出一个人的个性。
Your clothes are often a reflection of your personality.
梅格注视着卧室中镜子里的自己。
Meg stared at her reflection in the bedroom mirror.
chain：
n. 链子;链条;锁链;一系列，一连串(人或事);连锁商店
v. 用锁链拴住(或束缚、固定)
a chain of 一系列，一连串； in chains戴着镣铐，受着约束， chain sb. / sth. to, chain sb./ sth. up 把某人/某物拴住
小商店被大型的连锁店抢了生意。
Small businesses are losing out to the large chains.
她戴着一条粗实的金项链。
She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck.
在食物链中，昆虫是相当低的一级生物。
Insects are fairly low down the food chain.
夜间那条狗用链子拴起来。
The dog was chained up for the night.
我整个星期都在伏案工作，脱不开身。
I've been chained to my desk all week.
pass down传递，传承，递下来
pass by从旁经过
pass on传递
pass away 去世，死掉
他们常借用民歌来传递历史。
They often use folksongs to pass down their history.
从教育史上看，人类从古代到近代都非常注重传统文化的传承。
In the history of education, humans made a special effort to pass down their valuable traditions.
下梯子前，你先把工具递下来给我。
Pass tools down to me before you come down the ladder.
读完此书，她便能将从书中所得传授给实习教师。
Having read the book, she will be able to pass on the acquired knowledge to trainee teachers.
他们给我们传经送宝来了。
They have come to us to pass on their valuable experience.
烦您给她捎个信儿。
May I trouble you to pass on a message to her
Humans ___________their skills and knowledge to their next generations through education.
pass down
promote：促进;推动;促销;推销;提升;晋升
我们需要促进思想和信息的公开交流。
We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.
查尔斯被提升为市场营销总经理。
Charles has been promoted to general sales and marketing manager.
在公共交通工具上做广告是促销产品的方法之一。
Advertisements on public transport is one way to promote a product.
她的晋升意味着她每星期多挣100元。
Her promotion means she's$ 100 a week better off.
Her promotion means makes 100 dollars more per week.
_________ you are expected to do is wait and see.
A ship is harbor is safe, but that is not _______ ships are built for.
prepare sth. foor sb.
have her hair cut off
sell sth. for money
remaining 87 cents
from the perspective of some point in the past
an income of 20 dollars per week
on show
come true
这对夫妇拥有了自己的房子，终于梦想成真了。
Owning a place of their own is a dream come true for the couple.
What
what
Homework
Polish your writing after class and exchange your writing with your partner.