【2014中考复习方案】（冀教版）中考英语复习权威课件（名师点睛+考点过关） 语法专题：主谓一致（2013年真题为例）

课件31张PPT。语法互动（十一）　非谓语动词语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词名 师 点 睛 非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词，没有人称和数的变化。中考侧重对不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语的考查。考点一　动词不定式1．作主语
不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数，常用于it作形式主语的句型
中。如：
To ask the teacher for help is necessary.
＝It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.
向老师求救是必要的。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词2．作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有want, like, hope, agree,
decide, wish, learn, remember 等。如：
I hope ___________ there before dark.
我希望天黑以前到那儿。
[提醒] 在 think, find, make 等动词后常用 it 作形
式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。如：
I found it difficult ____________ the problem.
我发现解决这个问题很难。to get to solve 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词3．作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell, ask, allow, want,
help, wish, teach, warn, encourage等。 如：
I'll ask Tom ________ with me.
我将邀请汤姆和我一起去。
[提醒] 常见的后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有
hear, see, watch, let, have, make等。如：
I often see them ________ basketball on the
playground. 我经常看见他们在操场上玩。to go play 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词4. 作状语
不定式作状语，修饰动词、形容词和副词，表示目的、结果、
原因、条件等。中考重点考查不定式作目的状语。 如：
Later he left home ________ in different cities.
后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。
5．作定语(须后置)
I don't have a partner to practice English with.
我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。
6．用在how, when, where, what, which等疑问词之后。如：
He didn't know what to do next.
他不知道接下来做什么。to work 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词考点二　动名词1. 作主语
动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.
过多地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。
2．作宾语
常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有 enjoy, finish,
consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be
busy, feel like, give up, can't help等。如：
Have you finished reading the book?
你读完这本书了吗？名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词3．作表语
The nurse's job is taking care of the patients.
护士的工作是护理病人。
4．作定语
I often go to the reading room. 我经常去阅览室。
[提醒] 有些词既可接不定式又可接v.－ing形式作宾语，
但表达的意义不同，常见的有：
(1)stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事(不定式作目的
状语)
stop doing sth.停止做某事(动名词作宾语)
(2)try to do sth. 试图/企图做某事
try doing sth.尝试着做某事名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词(3)forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(还没做)
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
(4)remember to do sth.记着要去做某事(还没做)
remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)
(5)go on to do sth.做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事
go on doing sth.继续做原来所做的同一件事
(6)sth.need doing(某事)需要被做(含被动意思)
need to do sth.需要去做某事(含主动意思)名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词考点三　分词分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词有主动、进行之
意；过去分词有被动、完成之意。
1．作定语
China is a developing country. America is a developed
country.
中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达国家。
I know the boy called Li Ming.
我认识那个叫李明的男孩。
2．作表语
The book is interesting. I'm interested in it.
这本书很有趣， 我对它很感兴趣。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词3．作宾语补足语
I saw her going upstairs.
我看见她正在上楼。
I want to have some photos taken.
我想拍几张照片。
4．作状语
Laughing and talking, they went into the room.
他们有说有笑地走进了房间。
Faced with difficulties，we must try to overcome
them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词考 点 过 关根据句意及汉语提示完成句子
1. _________(找到) a book in the library，enter a
key word into the computer.
2．Whenever you have a chance __________(说)English，
you should take it.
3．Parents often warn children ______________________
(不踢足球) on
the road. It's dangerous.
4．When the national flag goes up，it makes me
________(感觉) proud.To find to speak not to play football feel 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词5．—Would you like ___________ (爬)the Wutong Mountain
tomorrow?
—If my mother ________ (允许)，I'll go with you.
6．More and more young people are trying to do
something to__________________________ (照顾)the old.
7．Mr. Li often encouraged his son ________(做) well
in school.to climb allows look after/take care of to do 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十一）┃ 非谓语动词8．__________(节省)the energy，turn off the light
before leaving the room.
9．Helen often asks her students _____________ (不游泳)
in rivers, because it's not safe.
10．Why not ________ (参加)an English club to
practice speaking English?To save not to swim join 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）　主谓一致语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致名 师 点 睛 主谓一致主要掌握它的三个原则：就近一致原则、意义一致原则和语法一致原则。考点一　就近一致原则1. there be 句型。当主语是系列事物时，谓语与邻近的主
语保持一致。如：
There is a table and two chairs in the room.
房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。
There are two chairs and a table in the room.
房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致2. either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等连接并
列主语时，谓语动词跟邻近后者的主语保持一致。如：
Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对。
Either you or I am wrong. 不是你就是我错了。
Not only he but also I ________ invited.
不仅他被邀请了我也被邀请了。am 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致考点二　意义一致原则1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度等的复数形式名词作
主语时，常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如：
Twenty years is a long time.
二十年是一段很长的时间。
Ten dollars ________ enough. 十美元足够了。
2. 以s 结尾的名词(news, maths, physics等)，本身不表复
数意义，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
Maths isn't very hard.数学不是很难。
I don't think the news in the newspaper is true.
我认为报纸上的消息不是真的。is 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致3．“the ＋形容词”(如the poor, the rich, the old等)表
示“一类人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The old ________ taken good care of in this area.
这个地区的老人被照顾得很好。
4．集体名词(如family, class, team, group等)作主语时，若
指一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若指具体成员，谓语动词
用复数形式。people, police等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：
Class 5 is the best class in our school.
五班是我们学校最好的班级。
Class 5 ________ the winners.五班是胜利者。are are名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致The Chinese people are very friendly.
中国人是很友好的。
5. each 作主语的同位语时，谓语动词由主语来决定，
与 each 无关。如：
They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车。
6. 代词(如some, all, none, any等)作主语时，若表示
单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示复数意义，谓语
动词用复数形式。如：
Some of the work was done by me.
一些工作是由我来做的。
Some of the students work hard.
一些学生学习很努力。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致7．由and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一概念时，谓语
动词用单数。如：
The doctor and writer is very famous.
这位医生兼作家非常出名。
8．书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词
用单数。如：
The United States is a developed country.
美国是一个发达国家。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致考点三　语法一致原则1. 介词或介词短语作插入语。主语后有with, together
with, including, besides, except, but等引导的短语作
插入语时，谓语动词与主语一致，与插入语无关。如：
Mary with her mother ________ shopping now.
现在玛丽和她妈妈正在一起购物。
2. 非谓语动词作主语或从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：
Doing a lot of practice is a good way to improve
your English.
做大量练习是提高你英语的好方法。is 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致3. 不定代词something, anything, nothing, everybody,
one, neither 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Someone is waiting for you.
有人正在等你。
4. 常以复数形式出现的名词(如shoes, pants, clothes等)
作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但当这些名词有a pair
of或pairs of 修饰时，谓语动词由pair的单复数决定。如：
The shoes ________ under the bed.
鞋子在床下。
A pair of shoes is under the bed.
床下面有一双鞋。are 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致5. “one of ＋名词复数形式”和“the number of＋名词
复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
One of the boys is interested in the story.
其中有一个男孩子对这个故事感兴趣。
The number of the students in the school is 2，000.
这所学校的学生人数是2000。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致6．“many a (more than one)＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词
用单数。如：
More than one student is fond of playing computer games.
不止一个学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。
7．“a lot of, lots of, plenty of＋名词”和“分数或百分
数＋名词”等作主语，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如：
Three fifths of the forest was destroyed.
五分之三的森林被毁坏了。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致8．在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。如：
This is the boy who wants to see you.
这就是想要见你的那个男孩。
9．在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语的数保持一致。如：
Here are some flowers and some money for you.
这儿有一些为你准备的花和钱。名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致考 点 过 关1. David, there ________ a dictionary and some
books on your desk. Are they yours?
A. is　　　　　　　　　B．are
C．have D．Has
2. Not only you but also he ________ Paris.
A. have been to B．has gone to
C．has been to D．have gone in A C 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致3．This year, Zhang Hao, one of the best students，
________ to work for the Olympic Games.
A．is choosing B．are chosen
C．was choosing D. was chosen
4．The number of the students who go to the summer
camp ________two hundred. Only one quarter of them
________ girls.
A．is; is B. is; are
C．are; is D．are; are D B 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致5. Look! Some people ________ photos in the park.
A. took B．take
C．are taking D. were taking
6．We are glad to see that the old ________very
well in the old people's home.
A. is looked over B. look after
C. is looked after D. are looked afterC D 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致 7. Neither my brother nor my father ________interested
in the film.
A. are B．is
C．am D．were
8. The news ________very interesting! Tell me more.
A. is B．are
C. were D．was B A 名师点睛考点过关语法互动（十二）┃ 主谓一致9．Everyone except her parents ________ there then.
A. are B．is
C．was D. were
10．—Do you need more time to finish the work?
—Yes, another ten days ________ enough.
A. are B．is
C. was D. wereC B 名师点睛考点过关