外研版（2019） 必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends forever Using language—运用·提升语言能力PPT（共57张PPT）

(共57张PPT)
Using language—运用·提升语言能力
课时目标
1.通过了解限制性定语从句的结构和表意功能，掌握关系代词的用法，并能够在真实语境中运用。
2.掌握并能够恰当地使用描述朋友行为和品质的词汇描述朋友，讨论朋友的行为和品质。
3.听懂与友谊相关的一般性话题内容，并能够恰当地运用功能表达向朋友提出建议。
4.初步认识到友谊的重要性和与朋友相处的方法，形成健康的人际关系。
语法项目——定语从句(1)　关系代词引导的定语从句
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Jason was one of the engineers who① came from Russia in the 1950s. When he came to China, the first thing that② he did was to visit the factory which③ did research on buses.Then he spent every minute that he could spare to help China to develop transportation. Although, Jason was a foreigner whose④ nation also needed him especially, he decided to make contributions to our country's development. Jason was really a person whom⑤ we ought to say thanks to.
①who引导定语从句时，指人且在从句中作主语。
②that引导定语从句时，指物且在从句中作主语或宾语。
③which引导定语从句时，只能指物且在从句中作主语或宾语。
④whose引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属关系，只能在从句中作定语。
⑤whom引导定语从句时，指人且只能在从句中作宾语。
续表
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
一、关系代词的基本用法　
1．who/whom/whose的用法
[先感知]
①(教材P39典句)The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.
②The one (who/whom) we are talking about is a scientist.
③I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
④He lives in a room whose window faces south.
[会发现]
句①是关系代词who引导的定语从句，who在从句中作 ，指代前面的people，指人。句②是who/whom引导的定语从句，指人，who/whom在从句中作talking about的 ，可以省略。句③whose house指的是the house of the person，whose在从句中作定语。句④whose window指的是 。
[明规则]
(1)who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
(2)whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
(3)whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语。　
主语
宾语
the window of a room
[对点练]　(用适当的关系代词填空)
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)My father is a teacher loves his work and his students very much.
②This is the person you should thank for helping your son.
③The girl graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.
④I like those books topics are about history.
⑤Any student family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
who
who/whom
who
whose
whose
2．which/that的用法
[先感知]
①(教材P38典句)What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered
②(教材P38典句)Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
③The pen (which) you found yesterday is mine.
④The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.
⑤The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
⑥The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.
[会发现]
句①是关系代词that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作 ，指物。句②是that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作with的 ，指人。句③which在从句中作found的 ，可省略。句④which在从句中作 ，指an apple。句⑤⑥中的that既可以指人，也可以指物。
[明规则]
(1)which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
(2)that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom，指物多用which。　　
主语
宾语
宾语
主语
[名师点津]　(1)关系代词指代先行词，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
[译]昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常有趣。
[误]The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very interesting.
[正]The film (that/which) we saw last night is very interesting.
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，关系代词that, which, who, whom在从句中作宾语时，特别是在口语或非正式的书面表达中常常省略。
Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you spoke of the other day
那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？
[对点练]　(用适当的关系代词填空)
①Look, here are some people I want you to meet.
②Do you still remember the farm we visited three months ago
③(2021·全国甲卷书面表达)I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of traditional Chinese culture are extremely appealing to foreign friends.
④(2020·上海高考书面表达) Last time, I invited you to attend the concert______ will be held next Friday in the century park.
who/whom/that
that/which
which/that
which
二、关系代词只能用that而不用which的情况　
[先感知]
①Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said
②The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
③This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
④That's the only thing that we can do now.
⑤I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.
⑥We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
[会发现]
句①先行词是 。句②③先行词被 和the most修饰。句④⑤先行词被the only和the very修饰。句⑥先行词是 。
[明规则]
(1)当先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, much等不定代词时只能用that。
(2)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时，或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时只能用that。
(3)当先行词被all, every, no, the only, the very, the last等修饰时只能用that。
(4)当先行词既有人又有物时只能用that。 　　
everything
first
persons and things
[对点练]　(完成句子)
①This is the most beautiful park .
这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
②She took photographs of the things and people .
她把她感兴趣的事物和人都拍摄了下来。
that I have visited
that she was interested in
③Reading was interested her most.
读书是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
④(2020·江苏高考书面表达)It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything .
它一直吸引着那些对任何中国的事物都感兴趣的人。
the only thing that
that is Chinese
用适当的关系代词完成短文
Although I have become a senior high school student, I still remember some people and things ① were related to Miss Brown ② is my teacher teaching me English in my junior high school. She once told me to read a grammar book ③ is for beginners. I did ④ she told me, so my English was improved a lot. I believe that she is the person ⑤______________I should give my thanks to.
虽然我已经是一名高中生了，但我仍然记得一些与布朗老师有关的人和事，她是我初中时教我英语的老师。她曾经告诉我要读一本语法书，那是给初学者看的。我照她说的做了，所以我的英语提高了很多。我相信她就是我应该感谢的人。
that
who/that
which/that
as
whom/who/that
1. Her ideas are always inspiring.
她的想法总是鼓舞人心的。
★inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
[用法感知]
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Everyone in his class enjoyed learning.He was inspiring.
他班上的每个人都喜欢学习。他是鼓舞人心的。
②What's more，it was your encouragement that inspired me to be confident.
更重要的是，是你的鼓励，让我变得自信。
③(以文化人助写作)These are the people whom you hope to inspire with lofty ideals!
这些人就是你想用崇高的理想去激励鼓舞的人！
[归纳点拨]
(1)inspire v．　　　　　　　　 激发，鼓舞，使产生灵感
inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事
inspire sb. with sth. 激发某人的某种情感
(2)inspired adj. 受到启发或鼓舞的
inspiration n. 灵感，鼓舞
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④We should inspire the students (think) by themselves.
⑤I like to watch movies, especially when I see the (inspire) stories, I will feel touched.
⑥Every time I begin to lose heart, the sight of my motto inspires me much confidence.
to think
inspiring
with
⑦(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an _________
(inspire)to her family — and that's pretty powerful.
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑧We all felt encouraged and proud hearing a foreigner introducing the TCM.
_________
inspiration
inspired
2．one glass of comfort
一杯安慰
★comfort n．安慰，慰藉 vt.安慰
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)A father is a treasure, a brother is a comfort, but a friend is both.
父亲是财富，兄弟是安慰，朋友兼而有之。
②This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.
这样能够让观众舒舒服服地坐着看表演。
③His friends came to comfort him for his loss.
因为他受了损失，他的朋友们都来安慰他。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in comfort　　　　　　　　 舒适地，放松地
be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰
(2)comfort sb. for/with sth. 因/以某事来安慰某人
(3)comfortable adj. 使人舒服的，舒适的
uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
④She was comfort to her old father.
⑤I like to travel comfort, so I always go first class on the ship.
⑥She comforted herself the thought that it would be soon spring.
⑦Only in this way can we live in more (comfort) and beautiful surroundings.
[名师点津]　comfort作“舒适，舒服，安慰”讲时为不可数名词，作“令人舒服/值得安慰的事”或“令人安慰的人/事物”讲时是可数名词。
a
in
with
comfortable
3．the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angry
等待但不会变得焦虑或气愤的能力
★anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的
[用法感知]
①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I'm anxious to get help from you.我渴望得到您的帮助。
②I am anxious for/about the result of my exam.
我很担心我的考试结果。
③All the people present at the meeting were waiting for the decision with anxiety.
所有出席会议的人都焦急地等待着做出决定。
归纳点拨 (1)be anxious for/about ...　　为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，担心，渴望
with anxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地
轻巧识记
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
④The drought had lasted several months and it made farmers anxious______ the harvest.
⑤He was anxious (finish) school and make his own way in the world.
⑥We waited with (anxious) for the news of her safe arrival.
about
to finish
anxiety
4．... or use a past tense to distance yourself from the suggestion: I was wondering whether ...
……或者使用一个过去时态撇清你自己与这个建议的关系：我想知道是否……
★distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系
[用法感知]
①Distance yourself from that friend, no matter how long a history you have with her.
和这样的朋友保持距离，不管你跟她交情多深。
②I see a light in the distance. 我看见了远处的灯光。
③The picture looks better at a distance.
这幅画从稍远的地方看更好。
归纳点拨 (2)distance n. 距离，远方；疏远
in the distance 在远处(有较远距离)
at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远
at a distance of ... 在……远的地方
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远
within walking distance 步行可到，几步之遥
(3)distant adj. 远的， 遥远的，冷漠的
轻巧 识记
续表
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④ a distance of six miles you can't see much.
⑤I live walking distance of the school.
⑥Farther the distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains.
⑦After the quarrel, Susan remains cold and (distance), so I have to keep her at a distance.
(2)完成句子
⑧Did you see a tall TV tower just now
刚才你看到远处有一座高高的电视塔吗？
At
within
in
distant
in the distance
教材为基——课内听力4遍过
Step 1　过词块(英汉互译)
1． 　　　　　　　　　　 拍照
2． 他摔断了腿
3． 再次康复
4． 让他高兴起来
5． 盼望它好久了
take photos
break his leg
get well again
cheer him up
look forward to it for ages
6．give up our holiday _______________
7．make our trip to London _______________
8．make him feel even worse _______________
9．send him funny postcards _________________
10．have a video chat with him __________________
放弃我们的假期
我们去伦敦旅行
使他感到更糟糕
送给他有趣的贺卡
和他进行视频聊天
Step 2　过句式(完成句子)
1．He's it for ages.
他盼望这件事已经很久了。
2． until he's better
我们为什么不等他好一点再说呢？
3． for him to get well again.
他还需要一段时间才能恢复健康。
been looking forward to
Why don't we wait
It will take quite a while
4． a video chat with him
不管我们走到哪里，都和他视频聊天怎么样？
5．We'll then take it with us and ...
然后我们会随身携带它，在伦敦拍照的时候也会随身携带……
6．Matt will be in the photos, too, .
马特也会出现在照片里，就好像他和我们在一起一样。
How about having
wherever we go
whenever we take photos in London
as if he were there with us
Step 3　过关键信息[判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)]
1．Andy and Clara want to send Matt not photos but postcards of the places they visit. ( )
2．The postcards may take a few days to reach Matt. ( )
3．Clara agrees to have a video chat with Matt wherever they go. ( )
4．Andy and Clara are allowed to take videos in any place. ( )
5．Matt's photo on the cardboard need to be a life-sized one. ( )
F
T
T
F
T
Step 4　过文意理解
1．What's the matter with Matt
A．He doesn't like travelling.
B．He broke his leg.
C．He broke his arm.
2. How do Andy and Clara feel without Matt when travelling
A．Happy.　　　 B．Funny.　　　　C．Upset.
3．What do Andy and Clara decide to do at last
A．They go to travel with Matt's life-sized photo.
B．They go to travel with nothing to take with them.
C．They give up the idea of taking Matt to travel.
答案：1～3　BCA
知能为先——必备知能一站明
掌握表达委婉建议的句式
英语中有一些表达委婉建议的句式，其主要功能是给对方提出委婉的建议，并让他们做出选择。这种句式比直接的命令或陈述更能处理好彼此之间的关系。掌握这些句式，就能听懂对话者的说话意图。常用的表达委婉建议的句式有：
1．由疑问词引出的表示建议的句式
How/What about ... Why (not ...) Why don't you ... 等。
2．用祈使句表示建议的句式
①Let's do sth. ②Just＋动词原形。
3．由情态动词引出的表示建议的句式
①You should ... ②You'd better ... ③You can/Can you ... ④You might ...等。
[典例]
Q：(2021·全国乙卷)What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon
A．Watch a game.
B．Play tennis.
C．Go to the cinema.
[听力原文]
W：Wow. That was a great match. I really like watching tennis games.
M：Me too. I think tennis is an exciting sport.
W：I think so. Do you play tennis, John
M：Yes, but not very well. Do you play
W：A little. How about a game on Tuesday afternoon
M：Sure.
[分析]　首先根据题干中的关键词“What, plan to do”可知，这是一道考查目的与意图的题目，话题与运动有关，听录音材料时要仔细听关于表达委婉建议的句子。该题中出现的表达委婉建议的句型是“How about ...？”。所以，听懂该句后的答语的意思，再结合第一句话就容易选出正确选项B。
训练为重——能力提升多听说
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the woman
A．A teacher. B．A student. 　 C．A lawyer.
2．When will the woman's friend arrive
A．At 11：05. B．At 10：45. C．At 10：20.
3．What did the woman forget to do
A．Buy a present.
B．Attend a party.
C．Meet a friend.
4．What are the speakers talking about
A．The man's friend Henry.
B．The man's way to get to the station.
C．The man's favorite means of transport.
5．Why didn't the man attend Jenny's birthday party
A．Because he had to go home.
B．Because he had to go and see his friend.
C．Because he had to stay with his friend.
Ⅱ.听下面2段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Who might Betsy be
A．The speakers' friend.
B．The speakers' child.
C.The speakers' grandmother.
7．When will the speakers arrive at the party
A．At 6：30 pm.
B．At 6：40 pm.
C．At 7：00 pm.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Why did the woman go to a small town
A．To enjoy a concert.
B．To visit her friends.
C．To go horse-riding.
9．What did the woman do on Saturday
A．She went to a concert.
B．She watched a movie.
C．She attended a party.
10．What are the speakers talking about in general
A．A wonderful weekend.
B．An interesting party.
C．A beautiful farm.
答案：1～5　BAABC　6～10　ABBCA
听力材料：
(Text 1)
M：Alice, how is your school life going
W：Great! I like my classes. ①And the teachers and classmates are all friendly to me.
(Text 2)
W：Excuse me, ②I'm meeting a friend who's arriving on the 10：45 train from Mumbai.Can you tell me if it's on time, please
M：②It will be 20 minutes late.
(Text 3)
M：You didn't forget to buy the flowers, did you
W：The flowers
M：Yeah, ③the present for our friend Amy's birthday.
W：③Oh, no! I completely forgot.
(Text 4)
W：Mark, ④will you take a taxi to the station
M：No. It's too costly.
W：④So will you take a bus or a subway train
M：Neither. Actually my friend Henry will give me a lift. I'm waiting for him now.
(Text 5)
W：Why didn't you attend Jenny's birthday last Saturday
M：I feel really sorry, but ⑤a friend of mine came from my hometown to see me.
W：⑤So, you had to stay with him.
M：Yes. And I phoned her and explained it to her.
(Text 6)
M：⑥The kids are at their grandma's house. So, are you ready for the party at Betsy's house tonight
W：Now It's not even 5：00 pm!
M：Betsy said we should arrive before dinner.
W：We still have time. Betsy said she would serve the food around 7：00 pm. And you know her, she never does anything early.
M：Yeah, that's true. But it takes an hour to get there on the subway. ⑦Why don't we try to get there at 6：40 pm
W：⑦6：40 sounds good.But let's just take a taxi. It'll only take 30 minutes.
(Text 7)
M：Hi, ⑩how was your weekend
W：⑩It was great. ⑧I went to a small town to visit my friends.
M：That must be interesting. I've never been to a small town.
W：I think you should.
M：Yeah, if I have time. What did you do there
W：Quite different things, no movies, no concerts. People just make their own entertainment.
M：What do you mean
W：For example, ⑨on Saturday, we went to a special party.
M：A special party
W：Yeah. Every Saturday, the whole neighborhood comes together. Everybody brings some food to share.
M：It's like a dinner party, isn't it
W：Yes, somewhat.
M：What did you do on Sunday
W：We went horse-riding. It was exciting. Beautiful farmland, cows, sheep.
M：Wow, you really enjoyed yourself.
W：Sure.
?加练新题型
听力判断(再听第7段材料两遍，判断下面题目的正误)
1．The man has been to a small town. ( )
2．People in the town can enjoy movies and concerts on weekends. ( )
3．On Saturday, people in the town usually have a party. ( )
4．People can eat some food in the party held on Saturday. ( )
5．The woman has no interest in horse-riding at all. ( )
F
F
T
T
F
二、口语交际训练
M：What's wrong with you You look bad.
W：I feel like my friendship has finished. I am very confused.
M：What Why
W：Yesterday, ① (我和我的好朋友约好) to go shopping. I waited for a long time but she didn't turn up. When I called her, she was watching a movie with another one! It ② _______________
(让我很生气很伤心)．
M：Oh, it's terrible. But, everyone would ③ (犯错误). Maybe she forgot it.
I had an appointment with my good friend
makes me very
angry and sad
make mistakes
W：But how can she forget I have prepared for this appointment for a whole week!
M：Calm down, calm down. Don't forget when you ④ (处于麻烦中), she was the one who helped you.
W：Well, that's true. ⑤ (你认为什么是真正的友谊)
M：I think true friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is gone.
W：I see. I will treasure my friendship.
were in trouble
What do you think is true friendship
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)