外研版（2019） 必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends foreverDeveloping ideas—读写·体现学以致用PPT（共82张PPT）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 必修 第一册Unit 4 Friends foreverDeveloping ideas—读写·体现学以致用PPT（共82张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-14 08:15:16 | ||
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(共82张PPT)
Developing ideas—读写·体现学以致用
课时目标
1.理解课文“After Twenty Years”的内容，明确故事中的人物形象和特点，评价人物的行为。
2.初步掌握小说类文体的基本特征和常见的阅读方法，了解O.Henry小说的主题和“欧·亨利式” 结尾的特点，能够运用所学为小说续写结尾。
3.联系自身实际，进一步深入理解友谊的意义和内涵，辩证地思考情与法之间的关系，树立正确的友情观。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．scar n． 伤疤
2．drag v. 拖，拉
3．destiny n. 命运，天命
4．correspond v. 通信
5．excerpt n. 摘录，节录
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． adj. 普通的，平常的
2． n. 伙伴，搭档
3． v. 划(火柴)
4． adj. 简单的，朴素的
5． n. 气氛，氛围，环境
ordinary
partner
strike
plain
atmosphere
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． v．进餐→dinner n．晚餐，正餐→dining n．吃饭，进餐
2． n．大笔的钱，巨款；机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
3． adj.约定的，指定的→appoint v．约定，确定(时间、地点)→appointment n．任命；约定
4． n．场景→scenery n．风景(总称)
5． adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n．苦味，痛苦
dine
fortune
appointed
scene
bitterly
6． adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧 v．使羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
7． v．(卷着的东西)展开，打开→fold v．折叠，叠平
8． n．地点，位置→locate v．找出……的准确位置→located adj.位于；坐落在
9． n．周围的事物，环境→surround v．包围；环绕→surrounding adj.周围的
10. n．个性，性格→personal adj.个性的，个人的
ashamed
unfold
location
surroundings
personality
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 以……为背景
2． 发财
3． 约定
4． 把……从……拖出
5． 收到某人的来信
be set in
make one's fortune
make an appointment
drag ...out of
hear from
6． (意外地或终于)出现
7． 走向前去
8． 二十年后
9． 值得的
10． 应该，应当
turn up
go up to
in twenty years
be worth it
ought to
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. (couldn't have done “不可能做过”表示对过去的有把握的猜测)
可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。
写佳句 They in the woods, because I drew a map to them.
他们不可能在森林中迷路，因为我给他们画了一张地图。
couldn't have lost themselves
2.
悟原句 Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. (no matter what引导让步状语从句，意为“无论/不管……”)反正，那天晚上我们约定，不管日后各自情况如何，不管距离多远，都要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再聚。
写佳句 Chase after your dream major with all your energy, __________
_______________________.
不管别人怎么想，尽你所有的精力去追求你梦想的专业。
no matter
what other people think
3.
悟原句 Stepping out of jail into the cold wind, Bob, now 58, felt lost and helpless. (现在分词短语作状语)
在寒风中走出监狱，现年58岁的鲍勃感到迷茫和无助。
写佳句 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作) ,the father told them to clean up the kitchen.
看到他们低垂的眼睛，父亲叫他们把厨房打扫干净。
Seeing their downcast eyes
第一遍 泛读通文意
After Twenty Years
The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night. Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet. A policeman who is checking the area sees a man outside a shop. He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story.
“Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man, “I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap in the world. He
and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.”
“It sounds pretty interesting，” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven't you heard from your friend since you left？”
“Well, yes, for a time we corresponded，” said the other. “But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive, for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He'll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old partner turns up.”
(Excerpts from “After Twenty Years” by O．Henry)
[参考译文]
二十年后
短篇小说《二十年后》开始于纽约一个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚。大部分人已经下班回家，城市的这个角落静悄悄的。一名正在该地区巡逻的警察看到一个男人站在商店外面。警察走近男人，发现他的脸上有一道伤疤。他们开始聊天，男人开始讲述自己的故事。
[句式释解]
句 who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词A policeman，在从句中作主语。
“二十年前的今晚，”男人说，“我和吉米·韦尔斯——我最好的朋友，也是这世上最棒的小伙子——在这儿的‘乔老大’布雷迪餐厅吃饭。我们俩在纽约一起长大，就像亲兄弟一样。那时我十八岁，吉米二十岁。第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。反正，那天晚上我们约定，不管日后各自情况如何，不管距离多远，都要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再聚。我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。”
[句式释解]
句 couldn't have done sth.“不可能做过某事”，是对过去事情的推测。
句 no matter what ... “无论什么……”，引导让步状语从句。
句 have sth.done“使(让，要，叫)某事被做”。
句 whatever引导让步状语从句，此时whatever相当于no matter what。
“听起来挺有意思，”警察说。“但我觉得，你们这两次见面间隔太久了。你离开后，没有你朋友的消息吗？”
[句式释解]
句 since所在的句子用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。
“嗯，不是的。我们联系过一段时间，”男人说。“但是一两年后，我们彼此失去了联系。你知道，西部很大，我不停地四处奔波、忙东忙西。但是我知道，只要吉米还活着，他就会来这儿和我见面，因为他一直是这世界上最真诚、最可靠的老伙计。他绝对不会忘记我们的约定。今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。”
(节选自《二十年后》，作者欧·亨利)
[句式释解]
句 for引导的是原因状语从句，for“因为”。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
What's the main idea of the text
A．The appointment of the two friends.
B．Why the two friends had the appointment.
C．How the two friends had the appointment.
D．The disappointed appointment.
答案：B
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章引言部分，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
Which country did the story happen in
A．China. B．Russia.
C．America. D．The UK.
答案：C
2．表达的技巧
文章前面的引言部分交代了文章发生的时间(On a ① )、地点(In the ② city)、人物(A ③ a man with a ④ on his face), 这些信息让故事笼罩着一种阴沉、灰暗的色彩。
阅读文章第1段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1) Write T (true) or F (false)．
①Twenty years ago, the man and his friend dined at “Big Joe” Brady's. ( )
②Not both of them were raised in New York. ( )
③They were at the same age. ( )
T
F
F
cold, dark night
quiet
policeman
scar
(2)Why did the man start for the West
(3)What appointment did they make at that time
To make his fortune.
They would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time.
2．表达的技巧
第一段第一句中， 这个男人(鲍勃)用“my best chum，and the finest chap in the world”来描述自己的朋友，说明虽然二十年过去了，他的朋友吉米·韦尔斯在他心中留下的美好印象丝毫未减。第六句中使用副词① 和② ______________引导的让步状语从句，说明两个朋友二十年后再次见面的决心。
阅读文章第2、3段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What did the police officer think of their appointment
A．Disappointing. B．Interesting.
C．Exciting. D．Surprising.
答案：B
exactly
no matter what
(2)Why did the man believe Jimmy would turn up if he was alive
A．The man believed that Jimmy had also become rich.
B．They kept in touch with each other for twenty years.
C．The man believed that Jimmy was still living in New York.
D．The man believed that Jimmy would keep his promise.
答案：D
(3)How long did they keep in touch with each other
A year or two.
2．表达的技巧
第二段中使用了两个程度副词pretty和rather，分别修饰①_____________ 和② ，说明了这个警察对此事件的看法。第三段中使用了一系列的词汇，分别表达了以下三个方面的信息，根据提示在文中找出该类词汇：表达了主人公在西部地区的奋斗：③kept ；表达了主人公对朋友的评价：④ ,staunchest；表达了主人公对该次见面的信心：⑤ ;never forget。
interesting
a long time
hustling
truest
alive
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
本部分文章的语篇类型是小说。课文是以“总—分”的结构行文的。节选的文章前有一段故事引言，来说明故事的大概内容。
阅读技巧：小说一般会有戏剧性的情节设计，最后会在结尾处让人物命运陡然逆转，从而形成独特的艺术魅力，在阅读时，要抓住小说的语言、情节安排等，重点关注结尾处，因为这往往是故事内涵的总结和体现。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
做人要信守承诺
信守承诺，是一种善良，是一种社会美德。只有信守承诺，才能赢得别人的信任；只有信守承诺，才能让自己坦坦荡荡；只有信守承诺，才能让生活更美好。本文通过描写主人公在约定的时间和地点等待重逢的场景，让我们理解了友谊的内涵与意义，也充分体现出他们信守承诺的社会美德。这是本文在落实“立德树人”教育思想的真实用意。请体会并记住下面的句子：
①Promises don't come easy.
诺言来之不易。
②So said, so done.
说到做到，言出必行。
③A word spoken is an arrow let fly.
一言既出，驷马难追。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.
第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。
★fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；财富；命运；运气
[用法感知]
①His aim in life isn't to make a fortune.
他生活的目标不是赚钱发财。
②(以文化人助写作) Every man is the master of his own fortune.
每个人都是自己命运的主宰。
③Fortunately for him, he was very soon offered another job.
他运气好，很快就有人聘请他做另一个工作。
[归纳点拨]
(1)make one's/a fortune 发财
try one's fortune 碰运气
seek one's fortune 寻找出路，寻找发财的机会
(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的(＝lucky)
(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地(＝luckily)
unfortunately adv. 不幸地
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列句中fortune的含义
④He has made his fortune through hard work. _________
⑤What will be our fortune ______
⑥Wish you a happy new year and a good fortune in the coming year. ______
(2)单句语法填空
⑦Nowadays many young people dream of making fortune in big cities.
⑧ (fortunate) the fire was discovered soon after it started.
大笔的钱
命运
运气
a
Fortunately
2．I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old partner turns up.
今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。
★turn up (意外地或终于)出现，开大，好转
[用法感知]
①We agreed to meet here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
我们说好在这里见面的，但到目前为止她还没有出现。
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently until the oil was hot.
在那之后，我把油倒进平底锅里，打开炉灶，我耐心地等待，直到油热起来。
③(以文化人助写作)Things turn out best for the people who make the best of the way things turn out.
事情对那些能充分利用事情的结果的人最有利。
[归纳点拨]
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉，关上
turn down 关小，调低，拒绝
turn over 移交，翻过来，仔细考虑，翻身
turn out 结果是，证明是
turn to 翻到，转向；求助于
turn in 上交，呈递
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列句中turn up的含义
④He is waiting for something good to turn up. ______
⑤He promised that he would come, but he hasn't turned up yet. ______
⑥Would you mind if I turned up the radio as the sound can't be clearly heard
______
好转
出现
开大
(2)用turn的相关短语填空
⑦When I am tired, I will the radio and listen to some soft music.
⑧But to my surprise, the staff of the bookstore my request.
⑨The cat jumped onto the table, the cage and tried to catch the bird.
turn on
turned down
turned over
3．Think about what happened in each of the three scenes, using the information you have already read in the story.
用你在故事中已经读到的信息，思考这三个场景中每个场景发生了什么。
★scene n．场景，(戏剧)一场，现场，场面，景色，景象
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Change of scene is not change of nature.
江山易改，本性难移。
②The boats in the harbor make a beautiful scene.
港内的船只构成了美丽的景色。
③He preferred to work behind the scenes.
他更喜欢在幕后工作。
轻巧识记
归纳点拨 on/at the scene 在现场；当场
behind the scenes 在幕后；秘密地
[易混辨析] scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内
scenery 指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色
sight 既指场景、眼前看到的景观，又指名胜、风景，表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数
view 常指从远处或高处或某一特定的地点看到的景色
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He is the man the scenes.
⑤Reporters were soon the scene after the accident.
behind
on/at
(2)选词填空(sight, scene, view, scenery)
The May Day is coming, and Xiao Wang is going to travel to Shanghai to see its beautiful ⑥ . He knows that there are many great ⑦ there. He can also enjoy the wonderful ⑧ of the cities along the way on the train. Now, he is imagining the busy ⑨ in the Shanghai Bund.
五一劳动节快到了，小王想到上海旅游，去看看那儿的美景。他知道，上海有许多名胜。他也喜欢在火车上看沿途城市的美丽风景。现在，他正想象着上海外滩的热闹场面。
scenery
sights
views
scenes
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth.
可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。
[归纳点拨]
(1)情态动词＋not＋have done 表示对过去发生的事情的否定猜测或责备。
couldn't have done 不可能做过(有把握的猜测)
shouldn't have done 过去本不应该做(实际上做了)
needn't have done 本来没有必要做(实际做了，有责备之意)
(2)情态动词＋have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测。
could/can have done 本来可以做过 (实际上未做)
should have done 本应该做了 (实际上未做)
must have done 过去一定做过 (很有把握)
may/might have done 过去可能做过 (不太有把握)
续表
①If her photos hadn't been there，the others couldn't have come up with the structure.
如果没有她的照片，其他人不可能想出这个结构。
②I shouldn't have left Tom. It's all my fault.
我不应该离开汤姆的。都是我的错。
③I needn't have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
在我来到新学校之前，我本来没有必要担心的，因为这里的同学对我很友好。
④I can't find my purse. I could have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
我找不到我的钱包了。我昨天可能把它落在超市了，但我不确定。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
⑤Mr Smith Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才在图书馆看见他了。
⑥You this exercise more carefully.
你本应该更仔细地做这个练习。
can't have gone to
should have done
⑦You anyone about it.
你本来不应该告诉任何人。
⑧Since the ditch is full of water, it last night.
因为沟渠里涨满了水，昨晚一定下过雨了。
shouldn't have told
must have rained
2. He had no family, and had never heard a word from Jimmy again since that cold, dark night.
他没有家庭，而且自从那个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚之后，他再也没有听到过杰米的任何音讯。
[激活已学语法]
本句中的“had never heard”是过去完成时的否定结构，它表示在过去某个时间之前，某事没有发生过。
过去完成时：表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.
那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的破坏赶走了许多鸟类。
[强化小练] (完成句子)
②One morning she told her children about a family she .
一天早上，她给孩子们讲了她前一天拜访过的一个家庭的情况。
③Instead of getting down to a new task , he examined the previous work again.
他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。
had visited the day before
as I had expected
写作项目——Writing an ending to a story
本单元的写作任务是写一则故事的结尾，属于读后续写的范畴。读后续写，就是先阅读所给阅读材料，然后再结合所给段落的开头语写出下文。其所提供的语言材料的体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主。文章题材多样，但多为情节丰富的小故事，趣味性和逻辑性较强。该写作任务具有一定的开放性，要求考生详细且生动地展现情景、态度和情感。
本部分课文是欧 亨利的短篇小说《二十年后》中节选部分的结尾。这部分课文通过描写主人公的心理活动和对话，结局证实了故事开头出现的警察就是Jimmy。故事中的两个好朋友二十年前的约定最终实现了，但是Bob也被好朋友Jimmy送进了监狱。文章最后出现一个出乎意料的“意外结局”，这正是欧·亨利短篇小说的一个典型特点！
点拨写作要点
1．续写策略
(1)读后续写要求考生在原文的故事情节发展的基础上结合所给段落的开头语展开续写。
(2)续写所给语言材料多是记叙文，因此，考生要依据故事的叙事线索和写作思路续写并适当发散思维。
(3)读后续写要求先读后写，需要考生先对给定材料精确理解，再进行续写，这样才不至于偏离主题。
(4)续写部分的故事发展思路和内容要与原文高度吻合，且能体现健康向上的人生观和价值观。
2．续写步骤
(1)精读所给短文，确定短文线索。读文时，找出原文中的矛盾冲突，续写的内容应能解决这些矛盾冲突。
(2)研读所给段首语，确定段落的续写内容。
(3)拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构要多样，语言要丰富，上下句要连贯。
(4)誊写润色定稿。誊写时，务必做到字迹工整、清晰，尽力避免拼写和语法错误。
由课文学亮点表达
本篇课文运用了大量的描述性词语，如the cold wind; felt lost and helpless; smiled bitterly; that cold, dark night; a familiar-looking man; doubtfully; in surprise等。这些词汇的使用使得描写的对象更加形象化，发生的动作愈加清晰化。在读后续写中，特别是在描写场景时，加入一些简单的形容词、副词，可以突出人物当时所处的环境和心理。下面从多角度来练习一下描述性词语的使用：
①By three o'clock, the rain had stopped and the sky was__________________
________________________________________blew through the park.(用下划线标出句中的描述性词语)
a curdled gray
burdened with lumps of clouds. A cool breeze
②The beautiful music filled the room and made them feel very happy.(翻译句子)
_______________________________________________③ (突然) a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. _______(唯恐)that I might hurt ___________ ______________(这个可爱的小生物), I (automatical) let out a cry to stop my horse. (根据提示完成片段写作)
④ in the woods, Jane could hear the sound of wind. Everywhere are _____trees over 20 meters. No light. No Tom. Feeling____________________ she sat down a rock and cried.(根据提示完成片段写作)
在树林深处，简只能听到风的声音。到处都是20米以上的大树。没有光，也没有汤姆。她感到绝望和不安，坐在一块大石头边上哭了起来。
房间里洋溢着动听的音乐，这让他们感到非常开心。
Suddenly
Afraid
the lovely
small creature
automatically
Deep
only
high
hopeless and uneasy
on the edge of
huge
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
1．动作描写
①climb v． 攀登；爬上去
②scream v. 尖叫
③move v. 走，移动
④sigh v. 叹息
⑤smell v. 闻
⑥look around 环视
⑦turn around 转身
⑧take a boat ride 坐船
2．心理描写
①nervous adj. 紧张的
②happy adj. 高兴的
③relieved adj. 放心的；感到宽慰的
④be full of joy 充满欢乐
⑤fall into despair 陷入绝望
(二)背亮点句式
1．动作描写
①He dropped/lowered his head in shame.
他羞愧地低下了头。
②His face looked a little confused.
他看起来有点困惑。
③He felt his cheeks burning with shame.
他因为羞愧而感到脸颊发热。
④His eyes were wide with horror.
他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。
⑤She opened her mouth to say something.
她张开嘴要说什么。
⑥He reached for her hand and held it tightly.
他伸手抓住她的手并紧紧握住。
2．心理描写
①The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
②He gave me a look of burning anger.
他愤怒地看了我一眼。
③He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks.
他静静地站着，眼泪顺着面颊流了下来。
④He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror.
他转向我，眼里充满了恐惧。
⑤Tears filling her eyes, she expressed her heartfelt gratitude.
她热泪盈眶，表达了衷心的感激之情。
⑥On learning the truth, I was totally shocked.
一得知真相，我完全震惊了。
⑦Countless things flashed through my mind.
无数事情在我脑中闪过。
[应用体验]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Justin and Mary woke up early, even though they were vacationing at their uncle's lake house. The night before, Uncle Thomas told them about the Foggy Figure that haunts (经常出没于) the lake. Justin and Mary were determined to see the ghostly creature before their vacation was over.
“Is it foggy outside？” Mary asked, as Justin carefully looked out of the window.
“Yup! Let's go！” Justin let go of the curtain and rushed to the door with Mary.
It was only 5：00 am, so everyone else in the house was still asleep. As they moved quietly through the kitchen to the back door, Mary sniffed the air. It had the faint scent (气味) of coffee and something sweet. A sense of hunger struck her. “Maybe we should first have a breakfast，” she thought. But she still followed Justin out the door, down the back steps, and out onto the boat dock (码头). The fog had settled over the lake, making it impossible to see anything.
“Do you see anything？” Mary asked, moving forward for a closer look.
“Nothing. Do you think Uncle Thomas was just trying to scare us with that story？”
Uncle Thomas did have a good imagination. He'd been telling Justin and Mary stories for years, but this was the first scary story. Mary had a feeling it wasn't made up.
Mary shook her head. “Remember what Uncle Thomas said The Foggy Figure haunts the lake. We're on the dock. Maybe that's why we can't see him. The people in the story were in boats.”
“You want to take a boat ride on the water？” Justin asked.
Mary looked around, trying to find Uncle Thomas's boat, but the fog was too thick.
“Mom and Dad will be really angry if we go out on the lake alone in this fog，” Justin said.
Mary shrugged (耸肩). “Maybe we don't have to go anywhere. We could sit in the boat while it's docked. That wouldn't be dangerous.”
“Okay.” Justin moved toward the end of the dock. He could barely see the outline of the boat. “I'll go first.”
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Paragraph 1：
Justin carefully lowered himself into the boat and then reached for Mary's hand. Mary ① (爬上船并坐在他身边). She ② __________________(变得紧张) now that they were on the water. “See anything？” They ③ (四下看了看), and gradually, the fog began to lift. Mary ④_________________________ (转身尖叫道) “The Foggy Figure！”. It was in the boat with them!
climbed into the boat and sat beside him
was getting nervous
looked around
turned around and screamed
Paragraph 2：
Justin and Mary hugged each other in fear, but then they ⑤_______________ (听到一声笑). Justin moved toward the Foggy Figure. “Uncle Thomas？” “I knew that story would get you two out of bed early enough ⑥__________________ ________(和我同坐一条船)．” Mary sighed, happy there was no Foggy Figure after all. Justin ⑦ (看上去松了一口气), too. Uncle Thomas laughed. “What do you say I ⑧ (打包了一份早餐) for us.” Mary smiled. She ⑨ (已闻到了) the scent of coffee. And Uncle Thomas ⑩ _______________________(已打包了香甜的蛋糕) for them, too. “Let's do it，” Mary and Justin said.
heard a laugh
to take a boat ride
with me
looked relieved
packed a breakfast
had smelled
had packed sweet cakes
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is still (通信) with his former classmates.
2．All of his (伙伴) helped him through the hard time.
3．As the saying goes, “ (击打) while the iron is hot.”
4．As I stated above, the happiness and (财富) come from your mind.
5．As time has passed, the artist's house has grown to become simple and______ (朴素的)．
corresponding
partners
Strike
fortune
plain
6．Not all the persons can become the great persons, most people are doing the ________(普通的) jobs.
7．The thief was (拉) out of his hiding place and taken to the police station.
8．The girl felt really (难为情的) when the old woman handed the shoes to her.
9．In order to know your (命运), you have to know your talents and decide how to use them.
10．We all respect each other and we have a peaceful and pleasant learning ___________(气氛)．
ordinary
dragged
ashamed
destiny
atmosphere
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Curious to find out what was inside, I (fold) the letter.
2．He was an expert at finding his way, even in strange (surround)．
3．I have an optimistic (person) and I always do everything happily.
4．We once quarreled (bitter), but later we forgave each other and became friends.
5．I am writing to tell you that I can't go to the bookstore with you at our __________(appoint) time.
unfolded
surroundings
personality
bitterly
appointed
6．You can't imagine how excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in the_______
(distant)．
7．To be a popular student, we ought (be) strict with ourselves in everything we do.
8．My school is (location) by the Yellow River, and it has a history of more than 100 years.
9． (fortunate), she is so easy-going and warm-hearted that she gets along well with her classmates.
10．You could visit many other historic places and beautiful (scene) such as the Summer Palace, the Great Wall, and so on.
distance
to be
located
Fortunately
scenes
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Something will but not all things at once.
2．Hawking became world-famous in the 1970s.
3．The man looked up and took what I gave him.
4．I'm looking forward to you as soon as possible.
be set in， work out， from a distance， hear from， make one's fortune， turn up， lose track of， be ashamed of， in surprise， in one's thirties
turn up
in his thirties
in surprise
hearing from
5．I find the problems about physics more difficult to than those about chemistry.
6． ,they noticed a dog running after a man on a bike.
7．Tom's work was so interesting that he the time.
8．I'm sorry to hear that you your figure.
9．This story a large modern city while the other one tells of the life on a lonely farm.
10．Three young women from the village came to Beijing to .
work out
From a distance
lost track of
are ashamed of
is set in
make their fortune
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. we ought to make a new plan.
我突然想到，我们应该制订一个新的方案。
2．Bob ,for I saw him playing football just now.
鲍勃不可能生病了，因为我刚才看见他在踢足球。
3． ，my efforts to lose weight always end in failure.
不管我做什么，我减肥的努力总是以失败告终。
It struck me that
couldn't have been ill
No matter what I do
4． when he reached the station.
当他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
5． ,it may be very bad for his health.
如果他继续抽烟，可能对他的健康很有害。
The train had left
If he goes on smoking
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night. Everything was very quiet. A police officer on duty found 1. man with a scar on his face outside “Big Joe” Brady's, and they started to have a chat. The man 2. ____________(wait) for his best chum and the 3. (fine) chap, Jimmy Wells. One night twenty years ago, they dined 4. “Big Joe” Brady's. They grew up together in New York and got on very well.
a
was waiting
finest
at
5． (make) his fortune, he was to start for the West while Jimmy Wells stayed in New York. On that night they agreed to meet there again 6. ________(exact) twenty years from that date and time, no matter 7. their conditions might be or from what 8. (distant) they might have to come. At first, they 9. (correspond) for a year or two, and then they lost track of each other. However, he believed Jimmy Wells would turn up as 10. __________(promise), and he would be waiting for him there.
To make
exactly
what
distance
corresponded
promised
Ⅵ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面材料，根据所给汉语提示完成续写内容。
My friend Mike is very poor. But I think he is the luckiest boy I've ever known. He is one of a large, happy family.
One hot day, we were going to the ball field for a big game. “How hot it is today！” I said. “It is too far to walk to the ball field on a day like this. We'd better take a bus.”
“Yes, it is hot，” said Mike. “So let's go by bus. I think it is all right for me to take a dime (一角硬币) for the bus.”
I followed him into his house. He put his hand into a small bag hanging on the door. Then he brought out some money. After taking one dime, he put the rest of the money back.
“Who owns the money？” I asked. “Is it all right for you to take money from the bag？”
“Yes，” he smiled. “This money belongs to every one of us in the family. When we children earn money, we put it into the bag. Father puts in the most. Then when we need money, we can take it from the bag. The money bag is Mother's idea. She thinks it will teach us to spend money carefully and to know its real value.”
“Doesn't anyone know how much you take？” I asked.
“Oh, no，” said Mike. “Mother says we must trust each other.”
“But couldn't you take out more than you need for the bus？” I asked.
“I could，” answered Mike. “But then there might not be enough money for Jane and Fred. Someone in our family is always needing something. If I take more than I need, there won't be enough to go around.”
“And how do you children earn money？” I asked. “We have many ways to earn money，” he said. “We get up early to sell newspapers in the streets on weekends, or work in the stores in the neighborhood after school. Sometimes we get paid by looking after the neighbors' children when the parents have to be away from home. Besides, we have a small garden where we grow vegetables all the year around, and we can get money by selling some of them.”
As we were waiting for the bus, I kept thinking how lucky Mike was. He had a happy family ① (在家里，每个家庭成员都相处得很好), ②____________________________________ __(相互信任，彼此关心). Moreover, he had a great mother. Her idea of the money bag ③ ______________________________________________________________________
(不仅教会了孩子们钱的价值，而且教会了他们钱的真正意义). ④______________ (更重要的是), it taught them ⑤_________________________________(如何成为一个具有优秀品格的人). That day, I also ⑥______________________________ (从钱袋中学到了很多东西)．
in which the family members got on so well
trusting each other, and caring for each other
not only taught the children the real value of money, but also the true meaning of it
Most importantly
how to be a person of good character
learned a lot from the money bag
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)
Developing ideas—读写·体现学以致用
课时目标
1.理解课文“After Twenty Years”的内容，明确故事中的人物形象和特点，评价人物的行为。
2.初步掌握小说类文体的基本特征和常见的阅读方法，了解O.Henry小说的主题和“欧·亨利式” 结尾的特点，能够运用所学为小说续写结尾。
3.联系自身实际，进一步深入理解友谊的意义和内涵，辩证地思考情与法之间的关系，树立正确的友情观。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．scar n． 伤疤
2．drag v. 拖，拉
3．destiny n. 命运，天命
4．correspond v. 通信
5．excerpt n. 摘录，节录
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． adj. 普通的，平常的
2． n. 伙伴，搭档
3． v. 划(火柴)
4． adj. 简单的，朴素的
5． n. 气氛，氛围，环境
ordinary
partner
strike
plain
atmosphere
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． v．进餐→dinner n．晚餐，正餐→dining n．吃饭，进餐
2． n．大笔的钱，巨款；机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
3． adj.约定的，指定的→appoint v．约定，确定(时间、地点)→appointment n．任命；约定
4． n．场景→scenery n．风景(总称)
5． adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n．苦味，痛苦
dine
fortune
appointed
scene
bitterly
6． adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧 v．使羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
7． v．(卷着的东西)展开，打开→fold v．折叠，叠平
8． n．地点，位置→locate v．找出……的准确位置→located adj.位于；坐落在
9． n．周围的事物，环境→surround v．包围；环绕→surrounding adj.周围的
10. n．个性，性格→personal adj.个性的，个人的
ashamed
unfold
location
surroundings
personality
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 以……为背景
2． 发财
3． 约定
4． 把……从……拖出
5． 收到某人的来信
be set in
make one's fortune
make an appointment
drag ...out of
hear from
6． (意外地或终于)出现
7． 走向前去
8． 二十年后
9． 值得的
10． 应该，应当
turn up
go up to
in twenty years
be worth it
ought to
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. (couldn't have done “不可能做过”表示对过去的有把握的猜测)
可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。
写佳句 They in the woods, because I drew a map to them.
他们不可能在森林中迷路，因为我给他们画了一张地图。
couldn't have lost themselves
2.
悟原句 Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. (no matter what引导让步状语从句，意为“无论/不管……”)反正，那天晚上我们约定，不管日后各自情况如何，不管距离多远，都要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再聚。
写佳句 Chase after your dream major with all your energy, __________
_______________________.
不管别人怎么想，尽你所有的精力去追求你梦想的专业。
no matter
what other people think
3.
悟原句 Stepping out of jail into the cold wind, Bob, now 58, felt lost and helpless. (现在分词短语作状语)
在寒风中走出监狱，现年58岁的鲍勃感到迷茫和无助。
写佳句 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作) ,the father told them to clean up the kitchen.
看到他们低垂的眼睛，父亲叫他们把厨房打扫干净。
Seeing their downcast eyes
第一遍 泛读通文意
After Twenty Years
The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night. Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet. A policeman who is checking the area sees a man outside a shop. He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story.
“Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man, “I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap in the world. He
and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.”
“It sounds pretty interesting，” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven't you heard from your friend since you left？”
“Well, yes, for a time we corresponded，” said the other. “But after a year or two we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition, and I kept hustling around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive, for he always was the truest, staunchest old chap in the world. He'll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old partner turns up.”
(Excerpts from “After Twenty Years” by O．Henry)
[参考译文]
二十年后
短篇小说《二十年后》开始于纽约一个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚。大部分人已经下班回家，城市的这个角落静悄悄的。一名正在该地区巡逻的警察看到一个男人站在商店外面。警察走近男人，发现他的脸上有一道伤疤。他们开始聊天，男人开始讲述自己的故事。
[句式释解]
句 who 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词A policeman，在从句中作主语。
“二十年前的今晚，”男人说，“我和吉米·韦尔斯——我最好的朋友，也是这世上最棒的小伙子——在这儿的‘乔老大’布雷迪餐厅吃饭。我们俩在纽约一起长大，就像亲兄弟一样。那时我十八岁，吉米二十岁。第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。反正，那天晚上我们约定，不管日后各自情况如何，不管距离多远，都要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再聚。我们当时觉得，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。”
[句式释解]
句 couldn't have done sth.“不可能做过某事”，是对过去事情的推测。
句 no matter what ... “无论什么……”，引导让步状语从句。
句 have sth.done“使(让，要，叫)某事被做”。
句 whatever引导让步状语从句，此时whatever相当于no matter what。
“听起来挺有意思，”警察说。“但我觉得，你们这两次见面间隔太久了。你离开后，没有你朋友的消息吗？”
[句式释解]
句 since所在的句子用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。
“嗯，不是的。我们联系过一段时间，”男人说。“但是一两年后，我们彼此失去了联系。你知道，西部很大，我不停地四处奔波、忙东忙西。但是我知道，只要吉米还活着，他就会来这儿和我见面，因为他一直是这世界上最真诚、最可靠的老伙计。他绝对不会忘记我们的约定。今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。”
(节选自《二十年后》，作者欧·亨利)
[句式释解]
句 for引导的是原因状语从句，for“因为”。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
What's the main idea of the text
A．The appointment of the two friends.
B．Why the two friends had the appointment.
C．How the two friends had the appointment.
D．The disappointed appointment.
答案：B
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章引言部分，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
Which country did the story happen in
A．China. B．Russia.
C．America. D．The UK.
答案：C
2．表达的技巧
文章前面的引言部分交代了文章发生的时间(On a ① )、地点(In the ② city)、人物(A ③ a man with a ④ on his face), 这些信息让故事笼罩着一种阴沉、灰暗的色彩。
阅读文章第1段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1) Write T (true) or F (false)．
①Twenty years ago, the man and his friend dined at “Big Joe” Brady's. ( )
②Not both of them were raised in New York. ( )
③They were at the same age. ( )
T
F
F
cold, dark night
quiet
policeman
scar
(2)Why did the man start for the West
(3)What appointment did they make at that time
To make his fortune.
They would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time.
2．表达的技巧
第一段第一句中， 这个男人(鲍勃)用“my best chum，and the finest chap in the world”来描述自己的朋友，说明虽然二十年过去了，他的朋友吉米·韦尔斯在他心中留下的美好印象丝毫未减。第六句中使用副词① 和② ______________引导的让步状语从句，说明两个朋友二十年后再次见面的决心。
阅读文章第2、3段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What did the police officer think of their appointment
A．Disappointing. B．Interesting.
C．Exciting. D．Surprising.
答案：B
exactly
no matter what
(2)Why did the man believe Jimmy would turn up if he was alive
A．The man believed that Jimmy had also become rich.
B．They kept in touch with each other for twenty years.
C．The man believed that Jimmy was still living in New York.
D．The man believed that Jimmy would keep his promise.
答案：D
(3)How long did they keep in touch with each other
A year or two.
2．表达的技巧
第二段中使用了两个程度副词pretty和rather，分别修饰①_____________ 和② ，说明了这个警察对此事件的看法。第三段中使用了一系列的词汇，分别表达了以下三个方面的信息，根据提示在文中找出该类词汇：表达了主人公在西部地区的奋斗：③kept ；表达了主人公对朋友的评价：④ ,staunchest；表达了主人公对该次见面的信心：⑤ ;never forget。
interesting
a long time
hustling
truest
alive
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑
本部分文章的语篇类型是小说。课文是以“总—分”的结构行文的。节选的文章前有一段故事引言，来说明故事的大概内容。
阅读技巧：小说一般会有戏剧性的情节设计，最后会在结尾处让人物命运陡然逆转，从而形成独特的艺术魅力，在阅读时，要抓住小说的语言、情节安排等，重点关注结尾处，因为这往往是故事内涵的总结和体现。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
做人要信守承诺
信守承诺，是一种善良，是一种社会美德。只有信守承诺，才能赢得别人的信任；只有信守承诺，才能让自己坦坦荡荡；只有信守承诺，才能让生活更美好。本文通过描写主人公在约定的时间和地点等待重逢的场景，让我们理解了友谊的内涵与意义，也充分体现出他们信守承诺的社会美德。这是本文在落实“立德树人”教育思想的真实用意。请体会并记住下面的句子：
①Promises don't come easy.
诺言来之不易。
②So said, so done.
说到做到，言出必行。
③A word spoken is an arrow let fly.
一言既出，驷马难追。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.
第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。
★fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；财富；命运；运气
[用法感知]
①His aim in life isn't to make a fortune.
他生活的目标不是赚钱发财。
②(以文化人助写作) Every man is the master of his own fortune.
每个人都是自己命运的主宰。
③Fortunately for him, he was very soon offered another job.
他运气好，很快就有人聘请他做另一个工作。
[归纳点拨]
(1)make one's/a fortune 发财
try one's fortune 碰运气
seek one's fortune 寻找出路，寻找发财的机会
(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；吉利的(＝lucky)
(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地(＝luckily)
unfortunately adv. 不幸地
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列句中fortune的含义
④He has made his fortune through hard work. _________
⑤What will be our fortune ______
⑥Wish you a happy new year and a good fortune in the coming year. ______
(2)单句语法填空
⑦Nowadays many young people dream of making fortune in big cities.
⑧ (fortunate) the fire was discovered soon after it started.
大笔的钱
命运
运气
a
Fortunately
2．I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old partner turns up.
今晚，我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只要我的老朋友出现，这一切就都是值得的。
★turn up (意外地或终于)出现，开大，好转
[用法感知]
①We agreed to meet here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
我们说好在这里见面的，但到目前为止她还没有出现。
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently until the oil was hot.
在那之后，我把油倒进平底锅里，打开炉灶，我耐心地等待，直到油热起来。
③(以文化人助写作)Things turn out best for the people who make the best of the way things turn out.
事情对那些能充分利用事情的结果的人最有利。
[归纳点拨]
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉，关上
turn down 关小，调低，拒绝
turn over 移交，翻过来，仔细考虑，翻身
turn out 结果是，证明是
turn to 翻到，转向；求助于
turn in 上交，呈递
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列句中turn up的含义
④He is waiting for something good to turn up. ______
⑤He promised that he would come, but he hasn't turned up yet. ______
⑥Would you mind if I turned up the radio as the sound can't be clearly heard
______
好转
出现
开大
(2)用turn的相关短语填空
⑦When I am tired, I will the radio and listen to some soft music.
⑧But to my surprise, the staff of the bookstore my request.
⑨The cat jumped onto the table, the cage and tried to catch the bird.
turn on
turned down
turned over
3．Think about what happened in each of the three scenes, using the information you have already read in the story.
用你在故事中已经读到的信息，思考这三个场景中每个场景发生了什么。
★scene n．场景，(戏剧)一场，现场，场面，景色，景象
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Change of scene is not change of nature.
江山易改，本性难移。
②The boats in the harbor make a beautiful scene.
港内的船只构成了美丽的景色。
③He preferred to work behind the scenes.
他更喜欢在幕后工作。
轻巧识记
归纳点拨 on/at the scene 在现场；当场
behind the scenes 在幕后；秘密地
[易混辨析] scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内
scenery 指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色
sight 既指场景、眼前看到的景观，又指名胜、风景，表示后者的含义时，必须要用复数
view 常指从远处或高处或某一特定的地点看到的景色
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He is the man the scenes.
⑤Reporters were soon the scene after the accident.
behind
on/at
(2)选词填空(sight, scene, view, scenery)
The May Day is coming, and Xiao Wang is going to travel to Shanghai to see its beautiful ⑥ . He knows that there are many great ⑦ there. He can also enjoy the wonderful ⑧ of the cities along the way on the train. Now, he is imagining the busy ⑨ in the Shanghai Bund.
五一劳动节快到了，小王想到上海旅游，去看看那儿的美景。他知道，上海有许多名胜。他也喜欢在火车上看沿途城市的美丽风景。现在，他正想象着上海外滩的热闹场面。
scenery
sights
views
scenes
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth.
可你没法把吉米拖出纽约，他觉得地球上只有(纽约)这么一个地方。
[归纳点拨]
(1)情态动词＋not＋have done 表示对过去发生的事情的否定猜测或责备。
couldn't have done 不可能做过(有把握的猜测)
shouldn't have done 过去本不应该做(实际上做了)
needn't have done 本来没有必要做(实际做了，有责备之意)
(2)情态动词＋have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测。
could/can have done 本来可以做过 (实际上未做)
should have done 本应该做了 (实际上未做)
must have done 过去一定做过 (很有把握)
may/might have done 过去可能做过 (不太有把握)
续表
①If her photos hadn't been there，the others couldn't have come up with the structure.
如果没有她的照片，其他人不可能想出这个结构。
②I shouldn't have left Tom. It's all my fault.
我不应该离开汤姆的。都是我的错。
③I needn't have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
在我来到新学校之前，我本来没有必要担心的，因为这里的同学对我很友好。
④I can't find my purse. I could have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
我找不到我的钱包了。我昨天可能把它落在超市了，但我不确定。
[应用融会] (完成句子)
⑤Mr Smith Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才在图书馆看见他了。
⑥You this exercise more carefully.
你本应该更仔细地做这个练习。
can't have gone to
should have done
⑦You anyone about it.
你本来不应该告诉任何人。
⑧Since the ditch is full of water, it last night.
因为沟渠里涨满了水，昨晚一定下过雨了。
shouldn't have told
must have rained
2. He had no family, and had never heard a word from Jimmy again since that cold, dark night.
他没有家庭，而且自从那个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚之后，他再也没有听到过杰米的任何音讯。
[激活已学语法]
本句中的“had never heard”是过去完成时的否定结构，它表示在过去某个时间之前，某事没有发生过。
过去完成时：表示过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.
那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的破坏赶走了许多鸟类。
[强化小练] (完成句子)
②One morning she told her children about a family she .
一天早上，她给孩子们讲了她前一天拜访过的一个家庭的情况。
③Instead of getting down to a new task , he examined the previous work again.
他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。
had visited the day before
as I had expected
写作项目——Writing an ending to a story
本单元的写作任务是写一则故事的结尾，属于读后续写的范畴。读后续写，就是先阅读所给阅读材料，然后再结合所给段落的开头语写出下文。其所提供的语言材料的体裁以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主。文章题材多样，但多为情节丰富的小故事，趣味性和逻辑性较强。该写作任务具有一定的开放性，要求考生详细且生动地展现情景、态度和情感。
本部分课文是欧 亨利的短篇小说《二十年后》中节选部分的结尾。这部分课文通过描写主人公的心理活动和对话，结局证实了故事开头出现的警察就是Jimmy。故事中的两个好朋友二十年前的约定最终实现了，但是Bob也被好朋友Jimmy送进了监狱。文章最后出现一个出乎意料的“意外结局”，这正是欧·亨利短篇小说的一个典型特点！
点拨写作要点
1．续写策略
(1)读后续写要求考生在原文的故事情节发展的基础上结合所给段落的开头语展开续写。
(2)续写所给语言材料多是记叙文，因此，考生要依据故事的叙事线索和写作思路续写并适当发散思维。
(3)读后续写要求先读后写，需要考生先对给定材料精确理解，再进行续写，这样才不至于偏离主题。
(4)续写部分的故事发展思路和内容要与原文高度吻合，且能体现健康向上的人生观和价值观。
2．续写步骤
(1)精读所给短文，确定短文线索。读文时，找出原文中的矛盾冲突，续写的内容应能解决这些矛盾冲突。
(2)研读所给段首语，确定段落的续写内容。
(3)拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构要多样，语言要丰富，上下句要连贯。
(4)誊写润色定稿。誊写时，务必做到字迹工整、清晰，尽力避免拼写和语法错误。
由课文学亮点表达
本篇课文运用了大量的描述性词语，如the cold wind; felt lost and helpless; smiled bitterly; that cold, dark night; a familiar-looking man; doubtfully; in surprise等。这些词汇的使用使得描写的对象更加形象化，发生的动作愈加清晰化。在读后续写中，特别是在描写场景时，加入一些简单的形容词、副词，可以突出人物当时所处的环境和心理。下面从多角度来练习一下描述性词语的使用：
①By three o'clock, the rain had stopped and the sky was__________________
________________________________________blew through the park.(用下划线标出句中的描述性词语)
a curdled gray
burdened with lumps of clouds. A cool breeze
②The beautiful music filled the room and made them feel very happy.(翻译句子)
_______________________________________________③ (突然) a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. _______(唯恐)that I might hurt ___________ ______________(这个可爱的小生物), I (automatical) let out a cry to stop my horse. (根据提示完成片段写作)
④ in the woods, Jane could hear the sound of wind. Everywhere are _____trees over 20 meters. No light. No Tom. Feeling____________________ she sat down a rock and cried.(根据提示完成片段写作)
在树林深处，简只能听到风的声音。到处都是20米以上的大树。没有光，也没有汤姆。她感到绝望和不安，坐在一块大石头边上哭了起来。
房间里洋溢着动听的音乐，这让他们感到非常开心。
Suddenly
Afraid
the lovely
small creature
automatically
Deep
only
high
hopeless and uneasy
on the edge of
huge
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
1．动作描写
①climb v． 攀登；爬上去
②scream v. 尖叫
③move v. 走，移动
④sigh v. 叹息
⑤smell v. 闻
⑥look around 环视
⑦turn around 转身
⑧take a boat ride 坐船
2．心理描写
①nervous adj. 紧张的
②happy adj. 高兴的
③relieved adj. 放心的；感到宽慰的
④be full of joy 充满欢乐
⑤fall into despair 陷入绝望
(二)背亮点句式
1．动作描写
①He dropped/lowered his head in shame.
他羞愧地低下了头。
②His face looked a little confused.
他看起来有点困惑。
③He felt his cheeks burning with shame.
他因为羞愧而感到脸颊发热。
④His eyes were wide with horror.
他惊恐地瞪大了眼睛。
⑤She opened her mouth to say something.
她张开嘴要说什么。
⑥He reached for her hand and held it tightly.
他伸手抓住她的手并紧紧握住。
2．心理描写
①The smile on her face shone like a diamond.
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
②He gave me a look of burning anger.
他愤怒地看了我一眼。
③He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks.
他静静地站着，眼泪顺着面颊流了下来。
④He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror.
他转向我，眼里充满了恐惧。
⑤Tears filling her eyes, she expressed her heartfelt gratitude.
她热泪盈眶，表达了衷心的感激之情。
⑥On learning the truth, I was totally shocked.
一得知真相，我完全震惊了。
⑦Countless things flashed through my mind.
无数事情在我脑中闪过。
[应用体验]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Justin and Mary woke up early, even though they were vacationing at their uncle's lake house. The night before, Uncle Thomas told them about the Foggy Figure that haunts (经常出没于) the lake. Justin and Mary were determined to see the ghostly creature before their vacation was over.
“Is it foggy outside？” Mary asked, as Justin carefully looked out of the window.
“Yup! Let's go！” Justin let go of the curtain and rushed to the door with Mary.
It was only 5：00 am, so everyone else in the house was still asleep. As they moved quietly through the kitchen to the back door, Mary sniffed the air. It had the faint scent (气味) of coffee and something sweet. A sense of hunger struck her. “Maybe we should first have a breakfast，” she thought. But she still followed Justin out the door, down the back steps, and out onto the boat dock (码头). The fog had settled over the lake, making it impossible to see anything.
“Do you see anything？” Mary asked, moving forward for a closer look.
“Nothing. Do you think Uncle Thomas was just trying to scare us with that story？”
Uncle Thomas did have a good imagination. He'd been telling Justin and Mary stories for years, but this was the first scary story. Mary had a feeling it wasn't made up.
Mary shook her head. “Remember what Uncle Thomas said The Foggy Figure haunts the lake. We're on the dock. Maybe that's why we can't see him. The people in the story were in boats.”
“You want to take a boat ride on the water？” Justin asked.
Mary looked around, trying to find Uncle Thomas's boat, but the fog was too thick.
“Mom and Dad will be really angry if we go out on the lake alone in this fog，” Justin said.
Mary shrugged (耸肩). “Maybe we don't have to go anywhere. We could sit in the boat while it's docked. That wouldn't be dangerous.”
“Okay.” Justin moved toward the end of the dock. He could barely see the outline of the boat. “I'll go first.”
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Paragraph 1：
Justin carefully lowered himself into the boat and then reached for Mary's hand. Mary ① (爬上船并坐在他身边). She ② __________________(变得紧张) now that they were on the water. “See anything？” They ③ (四下看了看), and gradually, the fog began to lift. Mary ④_________________________ (转身尖叫道) “The Foggy Figure！”. It was in the boat with them!
climbed into the boat and sat beside him
was getting nervous
looked around
turned around and screamed
Paragraph 2：
Justin and Mary hugged each other in fear, but then they ⑤_______________ (听到一声笑). Justin moved toward the Foggy Figure. “Uncle Thomas？” “I knew that story would get you two out of bed early enough ⑥__________________ ________(和我同坐一条船)．” Mary sighed, happy there was no Foggy Figure after all. Justin ⑦ (看上去松了一口气), too. Uncle Thomas laughed. “What do you say I ⑧ (打包了一份早餐) for us.” Mary smiled. She ⑨ (已闻到了) the scent of coffee. And Uncle Thomas ⑩ _______________________(已打包了香甜的蛋糕) for them, too. “Let's do it，” Mary and Justin said.
heard a laugh
to take a boat ride
with me
looked relieved
packed a breakfast
had smelled
had packed sweet cakes
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He is still (通信) with his former classmates.
2．All of his (伙伴) helped him through the hard time.
3．As the saying goes, “ (击打) while the iron is hot.”
4．As I stated above, the happiness and (财富) come from your mind.
5．As time has passed, the artist's house has grown to become simple and______ (朴素的)．
corresponding
partners
Strike
fortune
plain
6．Not all the persons can become the great persons, most people are doing the ________(普通的) jobs.
7．The thief was (拉) out of his hiding place and taken to the police station.
8．The girl felt really (难为情的) when the old woman handed the shoes to her.
9．In order to know your (命运), you have to know your talents and decide how to use them.
10．We all respect each other and we have a peaceful and pleasant learning ___________(气氛)．
ordinary
dragged
ashamed
destiny
atmosphere
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Curious to find out what was inside, I (fold) the letter.
2．He was an expert at finding his way, even in strange (surround)．
3．I have an optimistic (person) and I always do everything happily.
4．We once quarreled (bitter), but later we forgave each other and became friends.
5．I am writing to tell you that I can't go to the bookstore with you at our __________(appoint) time.
unfolded
surroundings
personality
bitterly
appointed
6．You can't imagine how excited I was when I saw the ancient tower in the_______
(distant)．
7．To be a popular student, we ought (be) strict with ourselves in everything we do.
8．My school is (location) by the Yellow River, and it has a history of more than 100 years.
9． (fortunate), she is so easy-going and warm-hearted that she gets along well with her classmates.
10．You could visit many other historic places and beautiful (scene) such as the Summer Palace, the Great Wall, and so on.
distance
to be
located
Fortunately
scenes
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Something will but not all things at once.
2．Hawking became world-famous in the 1970s.
3．The man looked up and took what I gave him.
4．I'm looking forward to you as soon as possible.
be set in， work out， from a distance， hear from， make one's fortune， turn up， lose track of， be ashamed of， in surprise， in one's thirties
turn up
in his thirties
in surprise
hearing from
5．I find the problems about physics more difficult to than those about chemistry.
6． ,they noticed a dog running after a man on a bike.
7．Tom's work was so interesting that he the time.
8．I'm sorry to hear that you your figure.
9．This story a large modern city while the other one tells of the life on a lonely farm.
10．Three young women from the village came to Beijing to .
work out
From a distance
lost track of
are ashamed of
is set in
make their fortune
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. we ought to make a new plan.
我突然想到，我们应该制订一个新的方案。
2．Bob ,for I saw him playing football just now.
鲍勃不可能生病了，因为我刚才看见他在踢足球。
3． ，my efforts to lose weight always end in failure.
不管我做什么，我减肥的努力总是以失败告终。
It struck me that
couldn't have been ill
No matter what I do
4． when he reached the station.
当他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。
5． ,it may be very bad for his health.
如果他继续抽烟，可能对他的健康很有害。
The train had left
If he goes on smoking
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night. Everything was very quiet. A police officer on duty found 1. man with a scar on his face outside “Big Joe” Brady's, and they started to have a chat. The man 2. ____________(wait) for his best chum and the 3. (fine) chap, Jimmy Wells. One night twenty years ago, they dined 4. “Big Joe” Brady's. They grew up together in New York and got on very well.
a
was waiting
finest
at
5． (make) his fortune, he was to start for the West while Jimmy Wells stayed in New York. On that night they agreed to meet there again 6. ________(exact) twenty years from that date and time, no matter 7. their conditions might be or from what 8. (distant) they might have to come. At first, they 9. (correspond) for a year or two, and then they lost track of each other. However, he believed Jimmy Wells would turn up as 10. __________(promise), and he would be waiting for him there.
To make
exactly
what
distance
corresponded
promised
Ⅵ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面材料，根据所给汉语提示完成续写内容。
My friend Mike is very poor. But I think he is the luckiest boy I've ever known. He is one of a large, happy family.
One hot day, we were going to the ball field for a big game. “How hot it is today！” I said. “It is too far to walk to the ball field on a day like this. We'd better take a bus.”
“Yes, it is hot，” said Mike. “So let's go by bus. I think it is all right for me to take a dime (一角硬币) for the bus.”
I followed him into his house. He put his hand into a small bag hanging on the door. Then he brought out some money. After taking one dime, he put the rest of the money back.
“Who owns the money？” I asked. “Is it all right for you to take money from the bag？”
“Yes，” he smiled. “This money belongs to every one of us in the family. When we children earn money, we put it into the bag. Father puts in the most. Then when we need money, we can take it from the bag. The money bag is Mother's idea. She thinks it will teach us to spend money carefully and to know its real value.”
“Doesn't anyone know how much you take？” I asked.
“Oh, no，” said Mike. “Mother says we must trust each other.”
“But couldn't you take out more than you need for the bus？” I asked.
“I could，” answered Mike. “But then there might not be enough money for Jane and Fred. Someone in our family is always needing something. If I take more than I need, there won't be enough to go around.”
“And how do you children earn money？” I asked. “We have many ways to earn money，” he said. “We get up early to sell newspapers in the streets on weekends, or work in the stores in the neighborhood after school. Sometimes we get paid by looking after the neighbors' children when the parents have to be away from home. Besides, we have a small garden where we grow vegetables all the year around, and we can get money by selling some of them.”
As we were waiting for the bus, I kept thinking how lucky Mike was. He had a happy family ① (在家里，每个家庭成员都相处得很好), ②____________________________________ __(相互信任，彼此关心). Moreover, he had a great mother. Her idea of the money bag ③ ______________________________________________________________________
(不仅教会了孩子们钱的价值，而且教会了他们钱的真正意义). ④______________ (更重要的是), it taught them ⑤_________________________________(如何成为一个具有优秀品格的人). That day, I also ⑥______________________________ (从钱袋中学到了很多东西)．
in which the family members got on so well
trusting each other, and caring for each other
not only taught the children the real value of money, but also the true meaning of it
Most importantly
how to be a person of good character
learned a lot from the money bag
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
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