(共48张PPT)
Using language—运用·提升语言能力
课时目标
1.进一步了解定语从句的结构和表意功能,掌握关系副词的用法,并在真实语境中运用。
2.掌握并恰当地使用与动物相关的习语,了解英语常用习语的意思,激发英语学习的兴趣。
3.提升听懂与动物有关的一般性话题的能力,并能够恰当地运用功能表达展开辩论,表达同意或不同意的观点。
4.思考人与动物的关系,认识到人与动物和谐相处的重要性,树立可持续发展的生态观。
语法项目——定语从句(2) 关系副词引导的定语从句
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
When I started studying German, it was a struggle. I told my mum I wanted to give up, and I would never live in a country where① German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future but for my brain. And I remember that day when② I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. I had finally come to a place where① I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason why③ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum!
①关系副词where引导定语从句,指地点且在从句中作地点状语。
②关系副词when引导定语从句,指时间且在从句中作时间状语。
③关系副词why引导定语从句,先行词是reason, 且在从句中作原因状语。
续表
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
[先感知]
①(教材P51典句)The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.
②(教材P51典句)Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
③(教材P51典句)Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
[会发现]
句①②③分别是关系副词when,where和why引导的定语从句,这些关系副词在定语从句中都作 。它们前面的名词分别表示的是 、 和 。
[明规则]
1.基本用法:当其先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词,且在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点或原因状语时,定语从句则分别用相应的关系副词when, where或why引导。关系副词起连接作用,把主句和定语从句连接起来,因此不能省略。
状语
时间
地点
原因
2.特别提醒:(1)当先行词是each time, the first time, the last time等时,后面的定语从句常不用关系副词when。
(2)某些表示时间或地点的抽象名词(position, point, stage, case, condition, situation, activity等)后有定语从句且在其中表示时间或地点状语时,也要用相应的关系副词来引导。
(3)这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于“介词+which”结构:
①when=on (in, at, during ...)+which
②where=in (at,on ...)+which
③why=for which
[对点练] (用适当的关系副词填空)
① (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)The reason Youth has been enjoying great popularity among students is due to a wide variety of attractive topics.
②I still remember the time I first travelled by plane.
③(2021·天津3月高考)At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands______ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
④By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.
⑤The hotel we stayed yesterday was very clean.
why
when
where
when
where
二、定语从句中关系词的判定
[先感知]
①Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
②Do you remember the days (that/which) we spent together on the farm
③I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
④I won't listen to the reason (that/which) you have given us.
[会发现]
1.①②句的先行词都是the days, 但它在①句中的定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词 ;在②句中的定语从句中作spent的宾语,故用关系代词 ,或省略关系代词。
2.③④句的先行词都是the reason,但它在③句中的定语从句中作原因状语,故用关系副词 ;而在④句中的定语从句中作have given的直接宾语,故用关系代词 ,或省略关系代词。
when
that或which
why
that/which
[明规则]
当表示时间、地点或原因的名词后有定语从句时,关系词的判定方法是:
(1)判断句式:根据定语从句的概念和基本用法来判断句子是不是定语从句。
(2)判断成分:把先行词代入定语从句中,判断其作何种句子成分,若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语,则用关系代词;若作状语,则用关系副词。
[对点练] (用适当的关系词填空)
①Keep the book in a place you can find it easily.
②The reason he was late was that he missed his train.
③The reason he explained at the meeting was not sound.
④This is the house was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)But it was a meaningful day, we learn a lot from it.
where
why
that/which
which/that
when
用适当的关系词完成短文
This is the house 1. I was born. It was built at a time 2. my family was very poor, so it seemed very old and dirty. Now, after so many years, the old house 3. has almost been damaged is going to be knocked down. I think that is the reason 4. my family decided to leave for the town. To tell the truth, I really miss the days 5. my family lived here happily. That will be my sweetest memory I never forget.
where
when
that/which
why
when
1.English idioms are a way of adding colour to the language.
英语习语是给语言增添色彩的一种方式。
★add ...to ... 把……加到……上
[用法感知]
①You are particularly welcome to show up, which will definitely add color and fun to our festival.
特别欢迎你到场,这一定会给我们的节日增添色彩和乐趣。
②If you add all these amounts up, you get a huge figure.
如果你把这些数量加在一起就会得到一个巨额数字。
③His recent discoveries have added to his reputation in the field of science.
他最近的发现已经增加了他在科学领域的声誉。
[归纳点拨]
(1)add up 合计;把……加起来
add up to 加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
add to 增加;增添(多用于抽象意义)
(2)in addition 另外
in addition to 除……之外
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④Chinese herbal medicines, can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish.
⑤As we all know, many small victories add up a big one.
⑥ creating more material and cultural wealth, we need also to provide more goods to meet people's demands for a beautiful environment.
除了创造更多的物质和文化财富,我们还需要提供更多的商品来满足人们对美好环境的需求。
to
to
In addition to
(2)句式升级
⑦My teacher said I set a good example to all of my classmates. He also added that everyone should learn from me.
→My teacher said I set a good example to all of my classmates, ______________
_____________________________ .
adding that
everyone should learn from me
2.Think of another topic that is related to animals and hold a debate.
想出另一个与动物有关的话题,并举行一场辩论。
★be related to和……有关系/有联系
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Besides, it is a good idea to search for background knowledge related to Tang poetry so that you will fully understand its beauty.
此外,寻找与唐诗相关的背景知识是一个好主意,这样你就可以充分理解唐诗的美。
②Recently our school held a basketball game between teachers and students to improve the relationship between us.
最近我们学校举办了师生篮球赛来改进师生关系。
③Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
确定我们与周围环境的关系仍然是我们生存的一项基本技能。
[归纳点拨]
(1)relate v. 联系;使有联系;把……联系起来;
叙述;讲述
relate to 理解;认同;欣赏;涉及,有关
relate ... to ... 把……与……联系起来
(2)relation n. 关系;亲戚
in relation to 关于;与……相比
(3)relative adj. 比较的;相对的
n. 亲戚;亲属
relationship n. 关系;联系
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④I think it is important for children to have brothers and sisters they can relate .
⑤(2021·全国乙卷)Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they like and it improves the family (relate).
(2)词汇升级
⑥All the information we have collected concerning that case adds up to very little.
____________
to
relationship
in relation to
教材为基——课内听力4遍过
Step 1 过词块(英汉互译)
1. 灭绝的危险
2. 因……而闻名
3. 过度依赖人类
4. 它们独立生活
5. 返回野外
6. 一举两得,一箭双雕
in danger of dying out
be well-known for
depend too much on humans
live on their own
return to the wild
kill two birds with one stone
7.share the planet with them ___________________
8.be similar to their natural environments ____________________
9.a huge amount of space ___________
10.on the whole _______________
11.do good for people ___________
12.do our best to help _________
和它们共享一个地球
与它们的自然环境相似
巨大的空间
总体上,大体上
对人类有益
尽力帮忙
Step 2 过句式(完成句子)
1.They are here to discuss .
他们来这里是为了讨论我们是否应该把野生动物关进动物园。
2.And zoos are also a good way .
动物园也是教育人们了解动物的好方法。
3.Zoos allow us to observe animals in places _______________________________
.
动物园让我们在与动物的自然环境相似的地方观察动物。
4.No zoo can offer its animals an environment .
没有动物园能给动物提供与自然环境一样好的环境。
whether we should keep wild animals in zoos
to educate people about animals
that are similar to their natural
environments
that's as good as their natural one
Step 3 过关键信息[判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)]
1.Max Wilson and Amy Lee are zookeepers. ( )
2.Max's zoo is famous for a programme to train tigers. ( )
3.Some animals are unable to live on their own when returned to the wild. ( )
4.The animals like to live with humans rather than in the wild. ( )
5.People can watch animals in zoos just like in the wild. ( )
T
F
T
F
T
Step 4 过文意理解
1. What do they come here to discuss about
A.How to be zookeepers.
B.Whether to keep wild animals in zoos.
C.How zoos help protect animals.
2. What's the Amy's attitude towards the programmes to keep animals in zoo
A.Against. B.Supportive. C.Indifferent.
3. What will the three of them do in the next time
A.To observe wild animals in zoos.
B.To teach people more about tigers.
C.To talk about the same topic.
答案:1~3 BAC
知能为先——必备知能一站明
如何表达同意或反对
在做听力训练时,学生如果掌握了表达同意和反对的常用交际用语,就能很好地听懂对话中的各说话人的观点,准确地获取说话人所要表达的信息。所以掌握表达同意或反对的交际用语十分重要。
表达同意或反对常用语:
1.agreement同意
I agree with what you said. 我同意你说的话。
I agree with you entirely. 我完全同意你的意见。
I couldn't agree more. 我完全同意。
No doubt about it. 毫无疑问。
That is right. 那是对的。
That's a good point. 那是个好主意。
That's just what I was thinking. 那正是我的想法。
That's for sure. 那是肯定的。
You're absolutely right. 你是绝对正确的。
I suppose so/I guess so. 我想是的/我猜是这样的。
2.disagreement不同意
I totally disagree. 我完全不同意。
No way! (very informal) 没门!(非正式)
Do you really think ... 你真的觉得……?
I am afraid that is not quite true. 恐怕那不完全是真的。
I don't agree with what you said. 我不同意你说的话。
I don't think so. 我不这么认为。
It's out of the question. 这是不可能的。
Sorry, I have to say no. 对不起,我得说不。
Well, as a matter of fact, ... 嗯,事实上,……
[典例] What's the food like?
A.Very bad. B.Not good. C.Good.
[听力原文]
W:Do you have all your meals in the dining-hall
M:No, just lunch.
W:How's the food
M:Oh, not bad.
[分析] 首先根据题干中的关键词“What's ... like?”可知这是一道考查观点与看法的题目,话题与食物有关,听录音材料时要仔细听关于表达同意或反对观点的句子。该题中出现的表达委婉建议的句型是“not bad”。所以,能听懂该对话最后的语句的意思,就容易选出正确选项C。
训练为重——能力提升多听说
一、听力仿真训练
Ⅰ.听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers discussing
A.Nature programs on TV.
B.Animal performance.
C.Two sides of zoos.
2.What are the speakers talking about
A.Rainforests. B.Animals. C.Weather.
3. How does the man know about animals
A.From books.
B.On TV.
C.Through the Internet.
4.Which picture does the man like best
A.The one of the boats.
B.The one of village houses.
C.The one of the animals.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Forest fires.
B.Human activities.
C.Natural mysteries.
Ⅱ.听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.With whom did Henry visit the Atlanta Zoo
A.His family. B.His friends. C.His research team.
7.How old is Henry now
A.24 years old. B.34 years old. C.44 years old.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.What can be seen in Woodhill Shelter
A.Wild animals. B.Sea creatures. C.Farm animals.
9.What do we know about the shelter
A.It offers free plant-based diet.
B.It has won wide recognition.
C.Its workers are poorly paid.
10.What is advised to do to be a volunteer of the shelter
A.Making a call.
B.Signing up online.
C.Posting a form.
答案:1~5 CABBA 6~10 CBCBB
听力材料:
(Text 1)
W: I just think it's cruel. ①Watching animals in cages in the zoo just doesn't appeal to me.
M: Yeah, I know, ①but the best zoos play an active role in conservation programs, too.
(Text 2)
M: ②Most of the world's rainforests are in danger. They are disappearing at a high rate!
W:Yeah, many plants and animals exist only in rainforests.
(Text 3)
W: Tim, I read your online article about animals. You really know a lot about them. You must read lots of books on them.
M:③Actually I like watching the Animal World program on TV. And I learn from it.
(Text 4)
W: Which picture do you like best That one with the boats is good, isn't it
M: No, I don't like it. ④I love that picture of the village houses. It's beautiful.
(Text 5)
W: Every year, ⑤there are a large number of forest fires, and the causes are not mysterious.
M: Yeah. Most of them are caused by human activities, like people throwing away burning cigarettes.
(Text 6)
W: Henry, look at this picture. You were standing in front of an elephant. When and where did you take it
M:⑦I took it at the Atlanta Zoo at the age of twenty-four.
W: Were you visiting the zoo with your family or friends that day
M: No. ⑥I was in a research team. We were studying how elephants ate different kinds of foods. I took the picture because a volunteer offered to take one for me.
W: Did you enjoy your time there
M: Of course. ⑦Though it was already ten years ago, I remember the time at the zoo very clearly.
(Text 7)
W:Today we are visiting Woodhill Shelter — the most unusual animal shelter in Britain.It does not house wild animals rescued from zoos or sea creatures from ocean parks.⑧What it does have is a lot of lucky and happy cows, pigs, goats, sheep and chickens rescued from becoming your lunch by animal rights groups.The shelter was set up by Jill and Ben Smith.Neither of them eats animal products, but lives instead on a plant-based diet.They say it is a kinder and better way to live.
The shelter wasn't much visited until 3 years after it was built, ⑨and now it has large numbers of followers.All the farm workers are volunteers without pay, but get free lunch and coffee in return for their work. If you want more information about the farm, you can phone 6978325.And ⑩if you want to become a volunteer,you must visit the website and fill in the online form.Posts are not accepted because letters are easy to lose.
?加练新题型
听力填空(再听第7段材料两遍,完成下面的题目)
Woodhill Shelter: the most unusual ① _____________ in Britain;wasn't much visited until② after it was built;now has large numbers of ③ ; phone number:④ _________ the animals that are housed
Jill and Ben Smith
the farm workers
if you want to become a volunteer
animal shelter
3 years
followers
6978325
neither ⑤ animals nor sea creatures;
animals ⑥ from becoming your lunch by animal rights groups
lives on a ⑦ diet
volunteers without pay but get free lunch and coffee ⑧ _________
visit the ⑨ and fill in the ⑩ form
续表
wild
rescued
plant-based
in return
website
online
二、口语交际训练
M:Where do you want to go now
W:① (我们去看大象吧)!
M:The elephants?Why do you like elephants
W:Oh, they're interesting. And ② (它们真的很聪明).
M:Yes, but they are ugly, too.
W:Oh, Tony!So, where do you want to go
Let's see the elephants
they are really intelligent
M:Let's see the pandas.③ (它们挺可爱的).
W:Oh, yeah.I love pandas.They're beautiful.But they are also kind of shy.Where are they
M:④ (它们就在左边), just across from the koala bears.
W:Then, ⑤ (我们为什么不去看看) the koala bears first
M:Sounds great! OK, let's go.
They are very cute
They're over there on the left
why don't we see
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测(二)”
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