中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Travelling around the world
单元小结
学习目标：谈论旅游。能掌握描述旅游景点的单词及句式，能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标：学习普通名词和专有名词的用法，掌握连词and，but和so的用法。
听说目标：能听懂并介绍某个景点的对话或小短文，能简单介绍自己假期计划。
写作目标：能够介绍自己家乡或某个名胜。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
TOC \o "1-1" \h \u 要点1 possible的用法 练习
要点2 by the sea by的用法归纳 练习
要点3 be famous as/for用法 练习
要点4 why not的用法 练习
要点5 fail的用法 练习
要点6 take花费的用法 练习
要点 7 prefer的用法 练习
要点8 interst/interesting/interested的用法 练习
要点9 try to do/try doing的用法 练习
要点10 excellent的用法 练习
要点11 finish的用法 练习
要点12 France/French 练习
要点13 lie的用法 练习
要点14 such as的用法 练习
要点15 not only…but also的用法 练习
要点16 step的用法 练习
要点17重点短语 16
要点18 重点句式 17
知识要点二、语法
要点1 并列连词的用法 17
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 19
要点2 词汇短语积累 19
要点3句式积累 20
要点4实战演练 20
【精讲精练】
要点 1：possible
possible adj. 可能（做到、存在或发生）的
I will help you if （it is） possible. 如果有可能我会帮你的。
（1）impossible adj. 不可能的
It is impossible for a man to be three metres tall. 一个人不可能有3米那么高。
（2）possibly adv. 可能地
Could he possibly agree 他可能同意吗？
常用的结构
It is possible to do sth…; It is possible that …;
主语 + will probably / possibly + v 等.
(1) Is it possible to visit Alaska in December
十二月去阿拉斯加游览有可能吗
(2) It is possible that it'll be snowy in the night.
晚上有可能会下雪.
(3) It'll probably be cold and wet.
天气很可能会又湿又冷.
注: probably 表示"很可能", 所以表示的可能性要比 possible 大.
【典例分析】
用probably possible/ possibly填空
1.It's ________ for us to finish the job before 7 o'clock.
2.The twins said they would ________ go to Australia for the winter holiday.
3. Is it ________ to get there by bus
4. You are ________ right. You can do it by yourself.
5. It will ________ snow tomorrow morning.
6.Would it be ________ for me to leave a message for her
A. able B. possible C. possibly D. probably
7. 一个人不可能有3米那么高。
________ ___________ ___________ for a man to be three metres tall
要点2 by the sea.
by the river. 在海边。
by：① “在……的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。
There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。
② “从……的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。
An old friend passed by me without stopping.一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。
③ “不迟于，在……之前”，
You must finish the work by Friday.
④ “ 通过，用”,表示方法手段。如：
I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通过听收音机学英语。
⑤ “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如：
The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了。
【典例分析】
一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法
1.There is a house by the river.
2.An old friend passed by me without stopping.
3.You must finish this work by Friday
4.I learn English by listening to the radio.
5.The cake was eaten by that little boy
要点3 be famous for/ be famous as
be famous for意为“因.......而闻名”，后接著名的原因。be known for
be famous as意为“作为.......而闻名”，后接表示身份/职业的词。=be known as
【典例分析】
1. This young writer is known for his novels.（改为同义句）
This young writer _______________ _______________ ________________ his novels.
2. Sun Yang is famous __________________ swimming player all over the world.
A. for B. with C. as D. in
3.山东潍坊现在因制作风筝而出名。
Weifang in Shandong Province _____________________ making kites now.
4. Yao Ming is famous ________________ a player ________________ basketball fans.
A. for ; as B. as ; for C. as ; to D. as ; in
5.Lady Gaga is famous ________a singer and she is famous __________her beautiful voice.
A. for; as B.as; for C. for; for D.as; as
要点4
“Why not... ” 的用法
“Why not... ”句型用于 提出建议，Why not后跟动词原形，同义句型为：Why don’t you...
【典例分析】
1.—I’m tired out after three-day work day and night.
—_____ relax yourself Go out and enjoy the natural beauty
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Shall we
2.为什么不去旅游呢？
_________ ____________go travelling. =_________ ____________ _________go travelling.
要点5 fail
fail的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“失败；未能及格；未能达到”，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
常见用法如下：
①fail（in）sth. “（在某方面）失败”，如fail (in) the exam, “考试不及格”。
②fail to do sth.“没能成功做成某事”
③fail in doing sth.“在做某事方面失败”
（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。
【典例分析】
1.___________(fail )is the mother of success.
2.The doctor failed ______ ________ （save）the dog.
3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。
If you don’t study hard, you will_________ _________ _________ __________.
4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。
He ________ _______ ________ the first bus this morning.
要点6 “四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. spend time/money on sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱（给某人）2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1. It ______________ me two weeks to finish reading the novel written by Guo Jingming.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
2. The new T-shirt _______________ me fifty yuan.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
3.He ___________ twenty yuan for the book.
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
4.I usually ____________ two hours on my homework every day.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
5.Jack usually __________ an hour ___________ his homework.
A. takes, to do B. pays, for doing C. spends, on doing D. spends, doing
6.Lucy spends one hundred yuan ___________ books every month.
A. on B. in C. with D. of
7.Little Tom usually spends his free time ___________ some reading at home.
A. do B. doing C. on doing D. to do
8.It took Lucy two days ___________ drawing this beautiful picture.
A. to finish B. in finishing C. finishing D. finish
9.A smile ____________ nothing, but gives much.
A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spend
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ______________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
2、I ______________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
3、This heavy coat ______________ me 500 yuan.
4、I ______________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
5、I ______________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ___________ __________ this bridge.
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________ __________ them three years __________ build this road.
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________ ________ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours __________ ____________ the composition.
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________ ________ 3,000 yuan __________ the mobile phone.
要点7 prefer
（1）prefer是及物动词，意思是“更喜欢、比较喜欢”，相当于like better。例如：
Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread 你比较喜欢哪一样，米饭还是面包？
（2）由prefer构成的短语：
1） prefer A to B意为“喜欢A胜过B、比起B来更喜欢A”，此短语中A和B的形式一样，可以是名词、代词或者动名词，但必须两个词形式统一。例如：
We prefer apples to oranges. 比起桔子来我们更喜欢苹果。
My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。
2） prefer to do something rather than do something意为“宁愿做某事，而不愿意做某事。”
此短语中prefer 的后面用动词不定式，than的后面用省略to的动词不定式。例如：
They prefer to stay at home and watch TV, rather than go out for a walk.
他们宁愿呆在家里看电视，也不愿意出去散步。
【典例分析】
1.我比较喜欢看书。（翻译）
2.相比较于骑自行车而言，他更喜欢步行。（翻译）
3.与香蕉比起来，我妈妈更喜欢苹果。（翻译）
4.我宁愿看书也不愿看电视。（翻译）
5．I prefer _______ rather than _______ TV．
A．to read；watch B．to reading；watch
C．to read；watching D．to reading；watching
6.I prefer ________ some shopping to ________ camping since the weather isn't lovely.
A．do; going B．doing; go C．do; go D．doing; going
要点8 interesting＆interested
interesting＆interested
这两个词都是形容词。interesting表示某物本身有趣，强调主动，在句子中可以作定语、表语，多用来修饰物。interested着重于被动意义，其主语一般是人。常做表语，后接介词in，一起构成be interested in…结构，意为“对……感兴趣”。
例如：I am very interested in the interesting story.
我对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。
interested主语为人，常用短语：
be interested in “对……感兴趣”
be interested to do sth “对做某事感兴趣”
词条 词性 含义及用法
interest 名词 意为“兴趣，爱好”，可作主语或宾语
动词 意为“使感兴趣”，interest sb.意为“使某人感兴趣”
interested 形容词 意为“感兴趣的”，只能作表语，且主语为人
interesting 形容词 意为“有趣的”，作表语时，主语通常是物，也可作定语
【拓展】
英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：
exciting 令人兴奋的 boring 令人厌烦的 moving 令人感动的
excited （人）感到兴奋的 bored（人）感到厌烦的 moved（人）感动的
tiring 令人厌倦的 surprising令人惊讶的
tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 surprised（人）感到惊讶的
【典例分析】
1.—We all like Mr. Wang.
—I agree with you. He always makes his English classes .
A. interested B. interest C. interesting
2.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
3.It was to learn the Wolong Panda Reserve.
A. interesting; about B. interesting; for C. interested; about D. interested; for
4.The book is very ________，and I'm ________in it.
A．interested；interested B．interesting；interesting
C．interested；interesting D．interesting；interested
要点9 try
try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth. 试图做某事
try one’s best to do sth. 努力做某事。=try to sth.
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
4.They say that they will try their best their dreams.
A. achieve B. achieving C.to achieve D. achieved
5.本学期我会尽力学好物理。
I’ll ________ __________ _________ ________ learn physics well this term.
= I’ll ___________ ___________learn physics well this term.
要点10：excellent
excellent adj.优秀的；极佳的
She becomes an excellent student. 她变成一名优秀的学生。
She speaks excellent French. 她说一口漂亮的法语。
1.excel v. 超过；擅长
The firm excels at producing cheap radios. 该公司以生产廉价收音机见长。
2.excellence n. 卓越；杰出
They don’t know her many excellences. 他们无视她的各种长处。
3.excellently adv. 优异地；极好地
Linda finished the tasks excellently. 琳达极好地完成了任务。
【典例分析】
1. Tom is an excellent student in our class.（选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项）
A. a bad B. a very good C. a beautiful
2. My brother ____________ （excellent） at playing the guitar.
3. Being an ____________ （excellent）student, you must be strict with yourself.
点11 finish
finish v. 完成
finish后面可接名词或v.-ing形式，有时可用作不及物动词，如：
finish此处用作不及物动词， 意为“完成； 做好“.
例：Hisworkfinishesat5：00.他5点下班。
finish的用法
finish作不及物动词时，意为“完成；做好”
【拓展】能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
practice doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
mind doing sth.介意做某事 keep doing sth. 一直做某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
【典例分析】
1. 你几点吃完晚饭？
What time do you _______ _______
2.我通常七点之前做完运动。
I usually _______ _______ _______ before 7:00.
3. 吉姆通常在8点前完成他的家庭作业，
Jim usually _________ _________ his homework before 8： 00
4. —When is your birthday party
—At 5:00 p.m. It at 8:00 p.m. It lasts(持续) three hours.
A. takes B. finishes C. needs D. comes
5. Tom goes to bed after he finishes TV.
A. watching B. watches C. watch D. to watch
要点12 France
France n. 法国
French 作名词时，意为“法语”；作形容词时，意为“法国的；”。
【注意】作“法国人”，Frenchman 复数 Frenchmen
Europe n. 欧洲
European adj. 欧洲的 n. 欧洲人
Country国家 People人 Language语言
单数 复数
China（中国） Chinese Chinese Chinese
Japan（日本） Japanese Japanese Japanese
America（美国） American Americans English
England（英格兰） English/Englishman English/Englishmen English
France（法国） Frenchman Frenchmen French
Germany（德国） German Germans German
【典例分析】
1. 用单词的适当形式填空
1)We are from China and we are C_________.
2)New York is an A_________ city.
3)Jane is English. She is from E_________.
4)They are ____________ （Europe）.
5)They are from ____________ （Europe）
2.Fan Bingbing is from __________ and she is __________.21com
A. Chinese; China B. China; Chinese C. Chinese; Chinese D. China; China
3.The girl is from________ and she is ________.
A. Japan; Japanese B. English; England C. American; America D. Chinese; China
4. I don ’t come from ____, but I am good at ____.
A. French, France B. France, French C. French, French D. France, France
要点13 lie
lie的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“平躺；撒谎；位于”。作“躺”解时，其过去式和过去分词分别为lay, lain；作“撒谎”解时，其过去式和过去分词分别是lied, lied。其现在分词都是lying。
My grandmother likes lying in the sun.
我奶奶喜欢躺在太阳底下。
Tom likes lying to others. 汤姆喜欢跟他人撒谎。
My hometown lies in the east of the city. 我的家乡位于城市东部。
（2）作为名词，意为“谎言”。常用于tell a lie/lies to sb.意为“跟某人撒谎”。
Nobody likes Tom because he is always telling lies to people.
没有人喜欢汤姆，因为他总是喜欢跟人们撒谎。
【典例分析】
1.He is ________ ________ ________ ________(躺在床上) and watching TV.
2.If you don't feel very well, you should ________ ________ (躺下来) and have a rest.
3.不要对我撒谎。
Don’t me.
4.他从不说谎。
He never _____________
5 猫正卧在炉火旁。
The cat is____________ by the fire.
要点14 such as
such as意为“例如”，用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但
such as后边不能用逗号。
例如：
I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing.
我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如《跟我学》《跟我学科学》。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.
许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚加拿大等。
拓展：
for example也意为“例如”，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。
例如：
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。
【典例分析】
1. Many students have different hobbies _________________ collecting stamps, swimming, singing.
A. for example B. such as C. as D. as examples
2. 用for example, such as或like填空
1) He studies hard. _______________, he does his homework every night.
2)The boy likes vegetables, _______________ , cabbages.
3) Mary is __________ her father.
4)He can speak four languages, ____________ Chinese and English.
5) English is spoken in many countries, _____________Australia and Canada.
3. The fruit store has many kinds of fruit, apples, bananas and mangoes.
A. like B. for example C. such as D. as well as
4.Kevin likes animals, ______ monkeys and pandas.
A. so B. so as C. such as D. such
要点15 not only …. but also ….
not only A but also B强调的是B，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与B保持一致。
Not only Lily but also her parents enjoy classical music very much.
不仅莉莉而且她的父母也非常喜欢古典音乐。
【典例分析】
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
2.John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
3.Not only Li Ming but also I_______(be) students.
4.Not only she but also he ________(learn) English.
5.Not only teachers but also students _______(be) not allowed to smoke.
6.Not only we but also you ________(be) volunteers.
7. Not only apples but also bananas ______(be) fruits.
8. If all the plants on the earth die，______ people ____ animals will be able to live.
A. neither, nor B. both, and C, not only, but also D. either…or
要点 16：step
step n. （a）台阶
（b） 脚步
（c） 步骤
v. 迈步；跨步
（1）step by step 一步一步地
（2）take steps 采取措施
She walked on a few steps. 她继续走了几步。
Neil Armstrong became the first man to step on the Moon. 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成了登月第一人。
【拓展】
（1）step by step 一步一步地
We should finish our plan step by step. 我们要一步一步地去完成我们的计划。
（2）watch your step 注意脚下
Watch your step before you get in. 当你进来时注意脚下。
（3）take steps 采取措施
We should take steps to stop war. 我们应当采取措施制止战争。
【典例分析】
1.We should take _____________ （step）to make our study better.
【重点短语】
1. 以……而闻名__________________________
2. 百货商店 __________________________
3.更喜欢 __________________________
4.名胜 __________________________
5.在……的中心__________________________
6.在海边 __________________________
7.超过；多于__________________________
8.去度假 __________________________
9.去观光 __________________________
10.玩得开心__________________________
11.对……感兴趣__________________________
12.以……（身份、地位）而著称 __________________________
13.这些年来__________________________
14. 至少 __________________________
【重点句式】
1.法国最有名的饮料是什么？
【答案】Which drink is France most famous for
2 ….但是如果你喜欢在冬天去法国，你可以尝试在法国阿尔卑斯山上滑雪。
【答案】.…but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alp.
3.我学到了很多关于明清的知识。
【答案】I learnt a lot about the Ming and the Qing Dynasties.
4.它不仅美丽，而且奇怪，它向一边倾斜。
【答案】It is not only beautiful, but also strange-it leans to one side.
5.中国以其悠久的历史而闻名
【答案】China is famous for its long history.
6.中国有许多大城市，诸如北京、上海、深圳，等等。
【答案】China has many big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on.
7.我更喜欢晚上去公园跑步。
【答案】I prefer to go running in the park at night.
8.我迫不及待地想和家人去旅行。
【答案】I can’t wait to travel with my family
9.在这个城市观光很有趣。
【答案】It’s interesting to go sightseeing in this city.
10.天气太冷了，所以我穿了件外套。
【答案】It was too cold, so I wore a coat
并列连词
and but so和or用法
(1) and 意为“和；并且”，表示并列关系。
例如：肉和鱼是健康食物。Meat and fish are healthy food.
（2）but 转折关系。
例如：他很努力学习，但是这次考试还是没及格。
He studies hard， but he failed in this exam.
(3) so意为“因此”，表示因果关系。
例如：它有两个翅膀，因此它会飞。 It has two wings, so it can fly.
(4) or意为“或者”，表示选择关系。or意为“或者，否则”，做“和，并且”讲时常用于否定句中。
例如：你喜欢米饭还是面包？ Do you like rice or bread
I don't like apples or bananas. 我不喜欢苹果和香蕉。
【典例分析】
用连词and, but, so, or, though 填空。(一定要学会判断前后句的逻辑关系)
1. My brother is ill, __________ I have to stay at home.
2. He has a lot of money, ___________ he spends little.
3. Take some medicine, ___________ you will feel better.
4. I came to see him, __________ he was not at home.
5. Work hard, ___________ you will pass the English exam.
6. Work hard, ___________ you will not pass the English exam.
7. My brother likes noodles, __________ he does not like rice at all.
8. I want to go to the park __________ fly a kite there.
9. You had better take a taxi, _____________ you will miss the train.
10. We felt very happy ___________ we were very tired today..
二、单项选择
1.—Which do you prefer(更喜欢), tea coffee
—Tea, please.
A. but B. so C. or D. and
2. I can play the guitar, __________ I can’t play it well.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
3.A better future is the goal of the Chinese people, _____ it's also the common interest of the world. (2020，安徽卷）
A. so B. and C. or D. but
4.The film seems interesting ______ we all want to see it. （2021，江西卷）
A. and B. but C. unless D. if
5.Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, ______ you will fail in the coming exam. （2020，山东滨州卷）
A. then B. so C. and D. or
6. Help others whenever you can, _______you’ll make the world a nicer place to live.
A and B. or C. unless D. but
7．—Where is Leo He said he would come tonight!
—Yes, he did say so, ______ we can’t find him now .
A. and B. so C. but D. or
8．—I have a basketball ________ two baseballs.
—Well，I have a basketball，________ I don't have a baseball.
A．and；and B．but；and C．and；but D．but；but
【话题分析】
介绍自己的家乡或者某个旅游胜地。
本单元学习了关于旅游，或描述旅游胜地的文章。掌握相关的单词和句式。要学会从这几个方面描述一个名胜。1.旅游的位置，2.著名的景点， 3.重要的旅游活动，4.本地的特色产品。也学会运用本单元的连词，将文章写得更加通顺。
【短语积累】
1名胜古迹 __________________________ 2.作为......而出名（职业，身份） _______________
3.例如 __________________________ 4.因......而出名__________________________
5.在......中心 _________________________ 6.在海滨_________________________
7.在海边 _________________________ 8.更喜欢做某事_________________________
9.尝试滑雪 _________________________ 10.观光 _________________________
【句式积累】
1.中国以其悠久的历史而闻名
2.中国有许多大城市，诸如北京、上海、深圳，等等。
3.我更喜欢晚上去公园跑步。
4.天气太冷了，所以我穿了件外套。
5.我们在旅途中花了一些钱。
6.我迫不及待地想和家人去旅行。
7.他带我去了许多有趣的地方。
8. 华盛顿是美国的首都
【实战演练】
话题2介绍旅游名胜
假期里，你游览过哪些自然景观或者去过哪些旅游胜地呢？请根据下面的内容提示，以“An unforgettable trip”为题写一篇短文，描述一下你的一次旅行。60词以上。
提示：
1. 与谁一起去的，旅行的方式，待了多长时间。
2. 这个地方给你的印象，你做了哪些有趣的事情。
An unforgettable trip
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知识目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
知识要点二、语法
知识要点三、书面表达
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Travelling around the world
单元小结
学习目标：谈论旅游。能掌握描述旅游景点的单词及句式，能读懂这方面的文章。
语法目标：学习普通名词和专有名词的用法，掌握连词and，but和so的用法。
听说目标：能听懂并介绍某个景点的对话或小短文，能简单介绍自己假期计划。
写作目标：能够介绍自己家乡或某个名胜。
目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式
TOC \o "1-1" \h \u 要点1 possible的用法 2
要点2 by the sea by的用法归纳 3
要点3 be famous as/for用法 4
要点4 why not的用法 5
要点5 fail的用法 5
要点6 take花费的用法 6
要点 7 prefer的用法 9
要点8 interst/interesting/interested的用法 10
要点9 try to do/try doing的用法 11
要点10 excellent的用法 13
要点11 finish的用法 14
要点12 France/French 15
要点13 lie的用法 16
要点14 such as的用法 17
要点15 not only…but also的用法 18
要点16 step的用法 19
要点17重点短语 20
要点18 重点句式 21
知识要点二、语法
要点1 并列连词的用法 22
知识要点三、书面表达
要点1 话题分析 24
要点2 词汇短语积累 24
要点3句式积累 25
要点4实战演练 26
【精讲精练】
要点 1：possible
possible adj. 可能（做到、存在或发生）的
I will help you if （it is） possible. 如果有可能我会帮你的。
（1）impossible adj. 不可能的
It is impossible for a man to be three metres tall. 一个人不可能有3米那么高。
（2）possibly adv. 可能地
Could he possibly agree 他可能同意吗？
常用的结构
It is possible to do sth…; It is possible that …;
主语 + will probably / possibly + v 等.
(1) Is it possible to visit Alaska in December
十二月去阿拉斯加游览有可能吗
(2) It is possible that it'll be snowy in the night.
晚上有可能会下雪.
(3) It'll probably be cold and wet.
天气很可能会又湿又冷.
注: probably 表示"很可能", 所以表示的可能性要比 possible 大.
【典例分析】
用probably possible/ possibly填空
1.It's ________ for us to finish the job before 7 o'clock.
2.The twins said they would ________ go to Australia for the winter holiday.
3. Is it ________ to get there by bus
4. You are ________ right. You can do it by yourself.
5. It will ________ snow tomorrow morning.
【答案】1.possible 2. probably /possibly 3. possible 4. probably / possibly 5. probably /possibly
6.Would it be ________ for me to leave a message for her
A. able B. possible C. possibly D. probably
【答案】B句意：我给她留个口信怎么样呢？根据句意这里要表达“可能的”，但是able 表示一种能力，所以排除A，另外空前有be动词，所以后要跟形容词，C、D都是副词形式，故选B。
7. 一个人不可能有3米那么高。
________ ___________ ___________ for a man to be three metres tall
【解析】It is impossible
要点2 by the sea.
by the river. 在海边。
by：① “在……的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。
There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。
② “从……的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。
An old friend passed by me without stopping.一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。
③ “不迟于，在……之前”，
You must finish the work by Friday.
④ “ 通过，用”,表示方法手段。如：
I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通过听收音机学英语。
⑤ “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如：
The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了。
【典例分析】
一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法
1.There is a house by the river.
【答案】by介词，在旁边=beside，near
2.An old friend passed by me without stopping.
【答案】by 介词。“从……的旁边经过路过”
3.You must finish this work by Friday
【答案】by 介词。到。。。为止
4.I learn English by listening to the radio.
【答案】by介词“ 通过，用”
5.The cake was eaten by that little boy
【答案】by “被，由，受” 用于被动语态。
要点3 be famous for/ be famous as
be famous for意为“因.......而闻名”，后接著名的原因。be known for
be famous as意为“作为.......而闻名”，后接表示身份/职业的词。=be known as
【典例分析】
1. This young writer is known for his novels.（改为同义句）
This young writer _______________ _______________ ________________ his novels.
【答案】is famous for 句意：这个年轻的作家是因为他的小说而闻名的。考查同义词短语转换。be known for = be famous for因……而著名。
2. Sun Yang is famous __________________ swimming player all over the world.
A. for B. with C. as D. in
【答案】C
【解析】句意：孙杨是作为一名游泳运动员而闻名全世界的。考查短语搭配辨析。根据句中的famous长用搭配：be famous for……：因……而著名（后接表示原因的名词）；be famous as……：作为……而著名（后接身分特征）；be famous in……：在某地或某个领域著名（后接地点或领域）；be famous with……因……而出名。故选C。
3.山东潍坊现在因制作风筝而出名。
Weifang in Shandong Province _____________________ making kites now.
【解析】因.....而出名，用短语be famous /known for。故答案为：is famous /known for
4. Yao Ming is famous ________________ a player ________________ basketball fans.
A. for ; as B. as ; for C. as ; to D. as ; in
【答案】C
【解析】句意：姚明对于篮球迷来书是作为一名球员而著名的。考查be famous与介词的短语搭配。根据句意可知是：作为……而著名与对某人来说是著名的。故选C。
5.Lady Gaga is famous ________a singer and she is famous __________her beautiful voice.
A. for; as B.as; for C. for; for D.as; as
【答案】B
【解析】be famous for 以。。。（特点）而闻名。Be famous as 以。。。（身份，职业）而闻名。故答案选B
要点4
“Why not... ” 的用法
“Why not... ”句型用于 提出建议，Why not后跟动词原形，同义句型为：Why don’t you...
【典例分析】
1.—I’m tired out after three-day work day and night.
—_____ relax yourself Go out and enjoy the natural beauty
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Shall we
【答案】“Why not do sth. ” 为固定句式，表示委婉提出建议。What about 后接动词的-ing 形式，Shall we 和后面yourself 人称不符。
2.为什么不去旅游呢？
_________ ____________go travelling. =_________ ____________ _________go travelling.
【答案】Why not /Why don’t you
要点5 fail
fail的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“失败；未能及格；未能达到”，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
常见用法如下：
①fail（in）sth. “（在某方面）失败”，如fail (in) the exam, “考试不及格”。
②fail to do sth.“没能成功做成某事”
③fail in doing sth.“在做某事方面失败”
（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。
【典例分析】
1.___________(fail )is the mother of success.
【答案】failure 名词。
2.The doctor failed ______ ________ （save）the dog.
【答案】to save
3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。
If you don’t study hard, you will_________ _________ _________ __________.
【答案】fail in the exam
4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。
He ________ _______ ________ the first bus this morning.
【答案】failed to catch/failed in catching
要点6 “四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. spend time/money on sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱（给某人）2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1. It ______________ me two weeks to finish reading the novel written by Guo Jingming.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【答案】B句意：读完郭敬明写的这部小时花费了我两周的时间。考查易混动词用法辨别。根据人花费作主语用spend / pay，物花费作主语用take / cost，再根据短语搭配take sb some time + to dos th，判断为take；故选B。
2. The new T-shirt _______________ me fifty yuan.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【答案】D句意：这件新的T恤衫花费了我50远。考查易混动词用法辨析。根据物作主语用take/cost；再根据短语搭配cost sb some money；判断为cost；故选D。
3.He ___________ twenty yuan for the book.
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
【答案】A. 主语是人(he)。并且从后面搭配用for可知答案选A。pay…for为...付钱（给某人）
4.I usually ____________ two hours on my homework every day.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
【答案】A 主语是人(I )。并且从后面搭配用on可知答案选A. spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱
5.Jack usually __________ an hour ___________ his homework.
A. takes, to do B. pays, for doing C. spends, on doing D. spends, doing
【答案】D 主语是人(Jack ) . spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事。in省略。
6.Lucy spends one hundred yuan ___________ books every month.
A. on B. in C. with D. of
【答案】A。 spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱
7.Little Tom usually spends his free time ___________ some reading at home.
A. do B. doing C. on doing D. to do
【答案】B spend（in）doing in可省略，而不是spend 。。。on doing。注意这里学生往往弄错。故答案选B
8.It took Lucy two days ___________ drawing this beautiful picture.
A. to finish B. in finishing C. finishing D. finish
【答案】A。“It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
9.A smile ____________ nothing, but gives much.
A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spend
【答案】A 句意：微笑无需付出，却给予很多。spend花费，Sb. spend some money/some time on/doing sth.主语是人，经常与on连用，跟动词用动名词形式；cost花费，Sth. cost sb. some money，主语是物，人和钱作其宾语。本题中a smile是物，用cost。主语A smile是单数名词，因此谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式；故本题选A项costs。
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ______________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
【答案】takes
2、I ______________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
【答案】spent
3、This heavy coat ______________ me 500 yuan.
【答案】cost
4、I ______________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
【答案】paid
5、I ______________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
【答案】spent
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ___________ __________ this bridge.
【答案】spent in building
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________ __________ them three years __________ build this road.
【答案】It took to
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________ ________ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
【答案】It takes to walk
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours __________ ____________ the composition.
【答案】to finish
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________ ________ 3,000 yuan __________ the mobile phone.
【答案】I spent on/buying 或 I paid for
要点7 prefer
（1）prefer是及物动词，意思是“更喜欢、比较喜欢”，相当于like better。例如：
Which do you prefer(=like better), rice or bread 你比较喜欢哪一样，米饭还是面包？
（2）由prefer构成的短语：
1） prefer A to B意为“喜欢A胜过B、比起B来更喜欢A”，此短语中A和B的形式一样，可以是名词、代词或者动名词，但必须两个词形式统一。例如：
We prefer apples to oranges. 比起桔子来我们更喜欢苹果。
My grandma prefers taking a walk to sitting in front of the TV.我奶奶宁愿去散步而不愿看电视。
2） prefer to do something rather than do something意为“宁愿做某事，而不愿意做某事。”
此短语中prefer 的后面用动词不定式，than的后面用省略to的动词不定式。例如：
They prefer to stay at home and watch TV, rather than go out for a walk.
他们宁愿呆在家里看电视，也不愿意出去散步。
【典例分析】
1.我比较喜欢看书。（翻译）
【答案】I prefer to read books. =I prefer reading books.
2.相比较于骑自行车而言，他更喜欢步行。（翻译）
【答案】He prefers walking to cycling.
3.与香蕉比起来，我妈妈更喜欢苹果。（翻译）
【答案】My mother prefers apples to bananas.
4.我宁愿看书也不愿看电视。（翻译）
【答案】I prefer to read books rather than watch TV.
5．I prefer _______ rather than _______ TV．
A．to read；watch B．to reading；watch
C．to read；watching D．to reading；watching
【答案】A
【解析】prefer to do rather than do意为“宁愿做……也不做……”。故选A。
6.I prefer ________ some shopping to ________ camping since the weather isn't lovely.
A．do; going B．doing; go C．do; go D．doing; going
【答案】D
【解析】 prefer doing A to doing B意为“喜欢做A事胜过做B事” 答案选D
要点8 interesting＆interested
interesting＆interested
这两个词都是形容词。interesting表示某物本身有趣，强调主动，在句子中可以作定语、表语，多用来修饰物。interested着重于被动意义，其主语一般是人。常做表语，后接介词in，一起构成be interested in…结构，意为“对……感兴趣”。
例如：I am very interested in the interesting story.
我对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。
interested主语为人，常用短语：
be interested in “对……感兴趣”
be interested to do sth “对做某事感兴趣”
词条 词性 含义及用法
interest 名词 意为“兴趣，爱好”，可作主语或宾语
动词 意为“使感兴趣”，interest sb.意为“使某人感兴趣”
interested 形容词 意为“感兴趣的”，只能作表语，且主语为人
interesting 形容词 意为“有趣的”，作表语时，主语通常是物，也可作定语
【拓展】
英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的”“让人……的”，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的”“使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：
exciting 令人兴奋的 boring 令人厌烦的 moving 令人感动的
excited （人）感到兴奋的 bored（人）感到厌烦的 moved（人）感动的
tiring 令人厌倦的 surprising令人惊讶的
tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 surprised（人）感到惊讶的
【典例分析】
1.—We all like Mr. Wang.
—I agree with you. He always makes his English classes .
A. interested B. interest C. interesting
【答案】C。interested有趣的，修饰人；interesting有趣的，修饰物。his English classes指物故用C。
2.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes .
A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting
C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested
【答案】D 句意：王先生是个有趣的人。他对讲笑话很感兴趣。都是修饰人故选D。
3.It was to learn the Wolong Panda Reserve.
A. interesting; about B. interesting; for C. interested; about D. interested; for
【答案】A句意：了解卧龙熊猫保护区是有趣的。learn about...，了解……，固定搭配，排除B、D。It+be+形容词+to do sth.做某事是怎样的，固定搭配。interested有趣的，修饰人；interesting有趣的，修饰物。主语是it，指的是物，所以用interesting，故选A
4.The book is very ________，and I'm ________in it.
A．interested；interested B．interesting；interesting
C．interested；interesting D．interesting；interested
【答案】D
【解析】句意：那本书是非常有趣的，我对它有趣的。
interesting“有趣的”，修饰或描述事物；interested“感兴趣的”，多用来描述或说明人的感受。第一个空格处修饰物the book，用interesting；第二个空格处主语I为人，所选词用来描述人的感受，用interested，故选D。
要点9 try
try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth. 试图做某事
try one’s best to do sth. 努力做某事。=try to sth.
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
【答案】C
【解析】句意“他尽量把音乐学好，所以他每天都练习唱歌”。try to do尽力做，try doing sth尝试做某事。根据so he practices ______ music every day可知，他要尽力把音乐学好，排除B和D。再根据practise doing“练习做某事”可知，故选C。
4.They say that they will try their best their dreams.
A. achieve B. achieving C.to achieve D. achieved
【答案】C
【解析】try one's best to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
5.本学期我会尽力学好物理。
I’ll ________ __________ _________ ________ learn physics well this term.
= I’ll ___________ ___________learn physics well this term.
【答案】try my best to/ try to
要点10：excellent
excellent adj.优秀的；极佳的
She becomes an excellent student. 她变成一名优秀的学生。
She speaks excellent French. 她说一口漂亮的法语。
1.excel v. 超过；擅长
The firm excels at producing cheap radios. 该公司以生产廉价收音机见长。
2.excellence n. 卓越；杰出
They don’t know her many excellences. 他们无视她的各种长处。
3.excellently adv. 优异地；极好地
Linda finished the tasks excellently. 琳达极好地完成了任务。
【典例分析】
1. Tom is an excellent student in our class.（选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项）
A. a bad B. a very good C. a beautiful
2. My brother ____________ （excellent） at playing the guitar.
3. Being an ____________ （excellent）student, you must be strict with yourself.
【解析】1.B excellent 优秀的=very good 2.excels 动词。超越，擅长。 3.ecellent 形容词
点11 finish
finish v. 完成
finish后面可接名词或v.-ing形式，有时可用作不及物动词，如：
finish此处用作不及物动词， 意为“完成； 做好“.
例：Hisworkfinishesat5：00.他5点下班。
finish的用法
finish作不及物动词时，意为“完成；做好”
【拓展】能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
practice doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
mind doing sth.介意做某事 keep doing sth. 一直做某事
like doing sth 喜欢做某事
【典例分析】
1. 你几点吃完晚饭？
What time do you _______ _______
【答案】finish supper
2.我通常七点之前做完运动。
I usually _______ _______ _______ before 7:00.
【答案】finish doing sports
3. 吉姆通常在8点前完成他的家庭作业，
Jim usually _________ _________ his homework before 8： 00
【答案】finishes doing
4. —When is your birthday party
—At 5:00 p.m. It at 8:00 p.m. It lasts(持续) three hours.
A. takes B. finishes C. needs D. comes
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你的生日聚会在什么时候？——下午五点。晚上八点结束。持续三个小时。
考查动词。takes带走；finishes完成，结束；needs需要；comes来。根据“At 5:00 p.m.”及“It lasts(持续) three hours”可知持续三个小时，从五点到八点，此处用动词finishes表示“结束”。故选B。
5. Tom goes to bed after he finishes TV.
A. watching B. watches C. watch D. to watch
【答案】A
【解析】句意：汤姆看完电视后上床睡觉。
考查非谓语动词。finish doing sth.完成做某事，finish后跟动名词作宾语，故选A。
要点12 France
France n. 法国
French 作名词时，意为“法语”；作形容词时，意为“法国的；”。
【注意】作“法国人”，Frenchman 复数 Frenchmen
Europe n. 欧洲
European adj. 欧洲的 n. 欧洲人
Country国家 People人 Language语言
单数 复数
China（中国） Chinese Chinese Chinese
Japan（日本） Japanese Japanese Japanese
America（美国） American Americans English
England（英格兰） English/Englishman English/Englishmen English
France（法国） Frenchman Frenchmen French
Germany（德国） German Germans German
【典例分析】
1. 用单词的适当形式填空
1)We are from China and we are C_________.
2)New York is an A_________ city.
3)Jane is English. She is from E_________.
4)They are ____________ （Europe）.
5)They are from ____________ （Europe）
【答案】1)Chinese 中国人。名词。 2)American 美国的。形容词。还可以作名词用“美国人：3)England 英国。（国名）4) Europeans 5) Europe
2.Fan Bingbing is from __________ and she is __________.21com
A. Chinese; China B. China; Chinese C. Chinese; Chinese D. China; China
【答案】句意：范冰冰来自中国，她是中国人。China中国；Chinese中国人。故选B。
3.The girl is from________ and she is ________.
A. Japan; Japanese B. English; England C. American; America D. Chinese; China
【答案】A句意：这个女孩来自日本，她是日本的。
A. Japan(日本); Japanese(日本人，日本人的，日本的)； B. English（英语）；England（英格兰）；C. American（美国人）; America （美国）；D. Chinese（中国人；汉语）; China（中国），根据句意，第一个空需要填国家名称，第二个空需要填表示人的词。故选A
4. I don ’t come from ____, but I am good at ____.
A. French, France B. France, French C. French, French D. France, France
【答案】B
【解析】France法国（国名）, French 法语，法国的。根据句意故选B
要点13 lie
lie的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“平躺；撒谎；位于”。作“躺”解时，其过去式和过去分词分别为lay, lain；作“撒谎”解时，其过去式和过去分词分别是lied, lied。其现在分词都是lying。
My grandmother likes lying in the sun.
我奶奶喜欢躺在太阳底下。
Tom likes lying to others. 汤姆喜欢跟他人撒谎。
My hometown lies in the east of the city. 我的家乡位于城市东部。
（2）作为名词，意为“谎言”。常用于tell a lie/lies to sb.意为“跟某人撒谎”。
Nobody likes Tom because he is always telling lies to people.
没有人喜欢汤姆，因为他总是喜欢跟人们撒谎。
【典例分析】
1.He is ________ ________ ________ ________(躺在床上) and watching TV.
【答案】lying on the bed
2.If you don't feel very well, you should ________ ________ (躺下来) and have a rest.
【答案】lie down
3.不要对我撒谎。
Don’t me.
【答案】lie to
4.他从不说谎。
He never _____________
【答案】lies
5 猫正卧在炉火旁。
The cat is____________ by the fire.
【答案】lying
要点14 such as
such as意为“例如”，用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但
such as后边不能用逗号。
例如：
I have many hobbies such as reading, dancing and singing.
我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。
Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science.
其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如《跟我学》《跟我学科学》。
English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.
许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚加拿大等。
拓展：
for example也意为“例如”，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。
例如：
There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.
有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。
Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.
许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。
【典例分析】
1. Many students have different hobbies _________________ collecting stamps, swimming, singing.
A. for example B. such as C. as D. as examples
【答案】B
【解析】句意：许多的学生都有着不同的兴趣爱好，例如收集邮票、游泳和唱歌。考查易混短语辨析。such as……：例如，比如（列举同类事物中的几个作为例子，后接名词）；for example：例如（列举同类事物中的一个作为例子，后接一个句子）；根据句尾的动名词性质。故选B。
2. 用for example, such as或like填空
1) He studies hard. _______________, he does his homework every night.
2)The boy likes vegetables, _______________ , cabbages.
3) Mary is __________ her father.
4)He can speak four languages, ____________ Chinese and English.
5) English is spoken in many countries, _____________Australia and Canada.
【答案】1.for example 2.for example 3.like 4.such as 5.such as
3. The fruit store has many kinds of fruit, apples, bananas and mangoes.
A. like B. for example C. such as D. as well as
【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：水果店有很多种水果，例如苹果，香蕉和芒果。like像，如同；for example例如，such as例如，as well as而且。此处举了多个表示水果的例子，故用such as。故选C。
4.Kevin likes animals, ______ monkeys and pandas.
A. so B. so as C. such as D. such
【答案】C
【解析】句意：Kevin喜欢动物，例如猴子和熊猫。so因此，所以；so as只要；such as例如，表示举例；such如此，这样。根据句意可知，这里表示举例说明Kevin喜欢的动物，故应选C。
要点15 not only …. but also ….
not only A but also B强调的是B，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与B保持一致。
Not only Lily but also her parents enjoy classical music very much.
不仅莉莉而且她的父母也非常喜欢古典音乐。
【典例分析】
1.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。
At school teachers teach us ________ _________ knowledge_______ _______ how to be good.
【答案】not only but also
2.ohn 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊
_______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
_______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema.
【答案】Not only but also was Both and were
3.Not only Li Ming but also I_______(be) students.
【答案】am
4.Not only she but also he ________(learn) English.
【答案】learns
5.Not only teachers but also students _______(be) not allowed to smoke.
【答案】
6.Not only we but also you ________(be) volunteers.
【答案】are
7. Not only apples but also bananas ______(be) fruits.
【答案】are
8. If all the plants on the earth die，______ people ____ animals will be able to live.
A. neither, nor B. both, and C, not only, but also D. either…or
【答案】A
【解析】neither….nor 既不。。。也不。表示否定。Both….and既。。。又。Not only …..but also不仅。。。而且。根据题意用A
要点 16：step
step n. （a）台阶
（b） 脚步
（c） 步骤
v. 迈步；跨步
（1）step by step 一步一步地
（2）take steps 采取措施
She walked on a few steps. 她继续走了几步。
Neil Armstrong became the first man to step on the Moon. 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成了登月第一人。
【拓展】
（1）step by step 一步一步地
We should finish our plan step by step. 我们要一步一步地去完成我们的计划。
（2）watch your step 注意脚下
Watch your step before you get in. 当你进来时注意脚下。
（3）take steps 采取措施
We should take steps to stop war. 我们应当采取措施制止战争。
【典例分析】
1.We should take _____________ （step）to make our study better.
【解析】steps take steps 采取措施
【重点短语】
1. 以……而闻名__________________________
2. 百货商店 __________________________
3.更喜欢 __________________________
4.名胜 __________________________
5.在……的中心__________________________
6.在海边 __________________________
7.超过；多于__________________________
8.去度假 __________________________
9.去观光 __________________________
10.玩得开心__________________________
11.对……感兴趣__________________________
12.以……（身份、地位）而著称 __________________________
13.这些年来__________________________
14. 至少 __________________________
【答案】1.(be) famous for ... 2.department store 3.prefer to 4.place of interest 5.in the centre of ... 6.by the sea 7.more than 8. go on holiday 9.go sightseeing 10.have a wonderful time 11.(be) interested in ... 12.(be) known as ... 13.over the years 14.at least
【重点句式】
1.法国最有名的饮料是什么？
【答案】Which drink is France most famous for
2 ….但是如果你喜欢在冬天去法国，你可以尝试在法国阿尔卑斯山上滑雪。
【答案】.…but if you prefer to visit France in winter, you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alp.
3.我学到了很多关于明清的知识。
【答案】I learnt a lot about the Ming and the Qing Dynasties.
4.它不仅美丽，而且奇怪，它向一边倾斜。
【答案】It is not only beautiful, but also strange-it leans to one side.
5.中国以其悠久的历史而闻名
【答案】China is famous for its long history.
6.中国有许多大城市，诸如北京、上海、深圳，等等。
【答案】China has many big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on.
7.我更喜欢晚上去公园跑步。
【答案】I prefer to go running in the park at night.
8.我迫不及待地想和家人去旅行。
【答案】I can’t wait to travel with my family
9.在这个城市观光很有趣。
【答案】It’s interesting to go sightseeing in this city.
10.天气太冷了，所以我穿了件外套。
【答案】It was too cold, so I wore a coat
并列连词
and but so和or用法
(1) and 意为“和；并且”，表示并列关系。
例如：肉和鱼是健康食物。Meat and fish are healthy food.
（2）but 转折关系。
例如：他很努力学习，但是这次考试还是没及格。
He studies hard， but he failed in this exam.
(3) so意为“因此”，表示因果关系。
例如：它有两个翅膀，因此它会飞。 It has two wings, so it can fly.
(4) or意为“或者”，表示选择关系。or意为“或者，否则”，做“和，并且”讲时常用于否定句中。
例如：你喜欢米饭还是面包？ Do you like rice or bread
I don't like apples or bananas. 我不喜欢苹果和香蕉。
【典例分析】
用连词and, but, so, or, though 填空。(一定要学会判断前后句的逻辑关系)
1. My brother is ill, __________ I have to stay at home.
2. He has a lot of money, ___________ he spends little.
3. Take some medicine, ___________ you will feel better.
4. I came to see him, __________ he was not at home.
5. Work hard, ___________ you will pass the English exam.
6. Work hard, ___________ you will not pass the English exam.
7. My brother likes noodles, __________ he does not like rice at all.
8. I want to go to the park __________ fly a kite there.
9. You had better take a taxi, _____________ you will miss the train.
10. We felt very happy ___________ we were very tired today..
【答案】1.so 2.but 3.and 4.but 5.and 6.or 7.but 8.and 9.or 10.though
so因此，所以,表示因果关系；and和，而且；表示顺承关系。or或者，否则；but但是。表示转折关系
二、单项选择
1.—Which do you prefer(更喜欢), tea coffee
—Tea, please.
A. but B. so C. or D. and
【答案】D可用“词义辨析法”解题。but但是，转折关系；so 所以，因果关系；or或者，选择关系；and和、又，并列关系。由答语“请给我茶”可知，此处是选择关系，故选C。
2. I can play the guitar, __________ I can’t play it well.
A. or B. and C. but D. so
【答案】C句意：我会弹吉他，但是我弹得不好。A. or 或者； B. and和； C. but 但是； D. so因此；根据句意故选C
3.A better future is the goal of the Chinese people, _____ it's also the common interest of the world. (2020，安徽卷）
A. so B. and C. or D. but
【答案】B句意：一个更加美好的未来是中国人民的目标，也是全世界的共同利益。so因此，所以；and和，而且；or或者，否则；but但是。空前the goal of the Chinese people和空后the common interest of the world是并列关系，故应选B。
4.The film seems interesting ______ we all want to see it. （2021，江西卷）
A. and B. but C. unless D. if
【答案】A句意：这个电影好像有趣，我们都想看它。根据and和，表示递进； but但是， unless除非，if是否，如果；根据The film seems interesting和we all want to see it之间是递进关系；故选A。
5.Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, ______ you will fail in the coming exam. （2020，山东滨州卷）
A. then B. so C. and D. or
【答案】D句意：艾米丽，你又在玩电子游戏了!努力学习吧，否则你在接下来的考试中会不及格的。考查连词辨析。then然后，表顺承；so所以，表结果；and和，表并列；or否则，表条件。本句是“祈使句+or+陈述句”固定句型，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为“否则，要不然”。根据句意结构和语境，可知选D。
6. Help others whenever you can, _______you’ll make the world a nicer place to live.
A and B. or C. unless D. but
【答案】A句意: 尽你所能帮助别人，你会让世界变得更美好.前后句子顺成关系。故选A
7．—Where is Leo He said he would come tonight!
—Yes, he did say so, ______ we can’t find him now .
A. and B. so C. but D. or
【答案】C
【解析】分析句意，“他说了来。”以及“我们现在找不到他。”可知两句间为转折关系，故答案为 C。
8．—I have a basketball ________ two baseballs.
—Well，I have a basketball，________ I don't have a baseball.
A．and；and B．but；and C．and；but D．but；but
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我有一个篮球和两个棒球。——哦，我有一个篮球，但是我没有一个棒球。
and和，又；but但是，第一空表示并列成分，用and连接；第二空表示转折用but。根据题意，故选C。
【话题分析】
介绍自己的家乡或者某个旅游胜地。
本单元学习了关于旅游，或描述旅游胜地的文章。掌握相关的单词和句式。要学会从这几个方面描述一个名胜。1.旅游的位置，2.著名的景点， 3.重要的旅游活动，4.本地的特色产品。也学会运用本单元的连词，将文章写得更加通顺。
【短语积累】
1名胜古迹 __________________________ 2.作为......而出名（职业，身份） _______________
3.例如 __________________________ 4.因......而出名__________________________
5.在......中心 _________________________ 6.在海滨_________________________
7.在海边 _________________________ 8.更喜欢做某事_________________________
9.尝试滑雪 _________________________ 10.观光 _________________________
【答案】1.famous places of interest 2.be known as 3.such as
4.be famous for 5.in the centre of 6.on the coast 7.by the sea 8.prefer to do sth. 9.try skiing
10.go sighting
【句式积累】
1.中国以其悠久的历史而闻名
【答案】China is famous for its long history.
2.中国有许多大城市，诸如北京、上海、深圳，等等。
【答案】China has many big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on.
3.我更喜欢晚上去公园跑步。
【答案】I prefer to go running in the park at night.
4.天气太冷了，所以我穿了件外套。
【答案】It was too cold, so I wore a coat
5.我们在旅途中花了一些钱。
【答案】We spent some money on the trip.
6.我迫不及待地想和家人去旅行。
【答案】I can’t wait to travel with my family
7.他带我去了许多有趣的地方。
【答案】He took me to many interesting places.
8. 华盛顿是美国的首都
【答案】Washington is the capital of the US.
【实战演练】
话题2介绍旅游名胜
假期里，你游览过哪些自然景观或者去过哪些旅游胜地呢？请根据下面的内容提示，以“An unforgettable trip”为题写一篇短文，描述一下你的一次旅行。60词以上。
提示：
1. 与谁一起去的，旅行的方式，待了多长时间。
2. 这个地方给你的印象，你做了哪些有趣的事情。
An unforgettable trip
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Last summer holiday, I went to E’mei Mountain with my family. The trip was really terrific! We spent two days there. The first night, we stayed at a hotel which was seated at the foot of the mountain. We started to climb the mountain in the early morning. Before the noon, I found we reached the top of the mountain. The most wonderful sight was the cloud sea. The clouds were under our feet and around the mountainside. It seemed as if we were standing above the clouds. And then we got home at night.
I was tired when we got back, but I was excited about such a wonderful natural attraction.
知识目录
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
知识要点二、语法
知识要点三、书面表达
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