Unit 2 Exploring English
English is most widely used in the world. With the development,many changes have happened to the language. And there will be many kinds of dialects(方言) of the English language.Besides, many new words and structures have come into English. The same word has different meanings in different cultures, and the same thing is expressed by different words. Can you find more about it
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
1.主题语境:人与自我——英语语言的多样性和创造性。
2.语篇类型:小品文
3.课文内容分析:本文以幽默、风趣的笔触例举并评价了英语中让学习者迷惑不解的“疯狂”现象,从而反映了英语的趣味性、多样性、创造性和吸引力。阅读本文,有利于引导学生深入思考英语的特点,感受英语语言的幽默,激发学生对英语学习的兴趣。
答案:1.homesick;homework;housework 2.soft 3.hardly 4.sunny 5.up;down 6.was invented
7.reflects the creativity
1.If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”,why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair (教材第15页)
如果说hard(硬)是soft(软)的反义词,为什么hardly(几乎不)和softly(柔和地)却不是一对反义词呢
◆opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的
She is a player from the opposing side.
她是对方的运动员。
完成句子
①His opinion on students using mobile phones is (与我们的对立).
②The citizens (反对) raising the level of taxes.
单句语法填空
③Delegates expressed strong (oppose) to the plans.
答案:①opposing to ours ②are opposed to
③opposition
2.If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same (教材第15页)
如果说harmless actions(无害行为)和harmful actions(有害行为)意思相反,为什么shameless behaviors(无耻行为)和shameful behaviors(可耻行为)反而是一回事
(1)harmless adj.无害的,不致伤的
This action is harmless when playing basketball.
打篮球时,这种动作是无害的。
完成句子
①Fruit juice can (对……有害) children's teeth.
②The research shows that polluted air really (损害) people's health.
单句语法填空
③These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect (harm) chemicals in groundwater.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)
答案:①be harmful to ②does harm to
③harmful
(2)behavior n.举止,行为
This sort of behavior will land him in hot water.
这种行为会给他带来麻烦。
完成句子
①He always (对……表现出友好的行为) his classmates.
②This is such a (规矩的男孩) that he is never late for school.
单句语法填空
③She doesn't know how to behave (she) in public.
答案:①shows friendly behavior to/towards
②well-behaved boy ③herself
3.Even the smallest words can be confusing.(教材第15页)
就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。
◆confusing adj.令人困惑的
What she did was really confusing.
她所做的实在令人不解。
This is a confusing problem.
这是个令人困惑的问题。
单句语法填空
①A survey showed people were (confuse) about what they should eat to stay healthy.
②He looked at me in (confuse) and did not answer the question.
③He used many terms in his speech which sounded (confuse) to the audience.
完成句子
④People (对……困惑) all the different labels on food these days.
答案:①confused ②confusion ③confusing ④are confused about
4.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down...(教材第15页)
英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里,房子烧成灰烬的时候,可以说burn up(字面意思为“烧上去”),也可以说burn down(字面意思为“烧下去”)……
◆burn up 烧掉;烧毁;(通过锻炼)消耗(热量)
Don't burn up these papers;they are still useful.
不要把这些文件烧掉,它们还有用。
Which burns up more calories—swimming or cycling
游泳和骑车,哪种运动消耗热量更多
完成句子
①Don't let the fire (减弱) because it is colder and colder outside.
②When he returned to the room, he found the candle had (燃尽).
单句语法填空
③As a result,they (burn) more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解C)
④The spray (burn) the bears' eyes,but doesn't hurt them.(2020年浙江卷,读后续写)
答案:①burn down ②burnt out ③burned
④burns
5.English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.(教材第15页)
英语是人创造的,不是计算机发明的,它反映了人类的创造力。
(1)reflect v.显示,反映;思考
A mirror reflects light.镜子反射光。
“I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)
“我反思自己一天过得如何,并思考本周剩下的时间如何度过。”他说。
The literature of a period reflects its values.
某一时期的文学可反映出该时期的价值观。
单句语法填空
①She could see herself (reflect) in his eyes.
②I couldn't bear to see my (reflect) in the mirror.
③Everything you do or say is reflective your personality.
答案:①reflected ②reflection ③of
(2)creativity n.创造性,创造力
A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting man's intelligence and creativity.(2019年江苏卷)
城市是人类动手动脑劳作的产物,反映了人类的智慧和创造力。
Creativity is more important than technical skill.
创造力比专门技术更重要。
单句语法填空
①The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or (recreate) by anyone else.
②Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her (create) is morally acceptable.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)
③One may wonder how the Silence Machine works.Well,it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and (create) a second set of outgoing waves.(2020年天津卷,阅读理解C)
④When my mother saw my creations,she told me how (create) my designs were.(2020年浙江卷,七选五)
答案:①recreated ②creations ③creating
④creative
6.And that is why when I wind up my watch,it starts,but when I wind up this passage,it ends.(教材第15页)
这也是当我wind up my watch(给手表上紧发条)以后表针开始走,而我wind up this passage(将本文收尾)后这篇文章结束的原因。
◆wind up 给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
Wind up your watch in case it stops.
给你的表上发条,以防它停了。
The President is about to wind up his visit to France.
总统即将结束对法国的访问。
单句语法填空
①—How about the weather
—It's (wind).
②It seems that the chairman will wind the meeting.
③The Great Wall (wind) its way from west to east,till at last it reaches the sea.
完成句子
④I (最后做) the job just to keep my customers happy.
答案:①windy ②up ③winds ④wound up doing
1.I hadn't,until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.(教材第14页)
我以前从未想过这个问题,直到有一天,我5岁的儿子问我hamburger(汉堡包)里面有没有ham(火腿)。
◆not...until...直到……才……
The noise of the street didn't stop until it was midnight.
街上的噪音直到半夜才停止。
完成句子
①People (没有意识到) the importance of protecting environment until recent years.
②Not until her mother recovered from the illness (她才离开) for work.
③It was not until five o'clock in the afternoon that they (完成他们的工作).
答案:①didn't realise ②did she leave
③finished their work
2.Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.(教材第14页)
而pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树),也没有apple(苹果)。
◆neither...nor...既不……也不……
As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece of reportage.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C)
正如作者所解释的,这既不是旅行,也不是历史书,甚至不是一篇新闻报道。
Neither his parents nor he likes sports.
他父母和他都不喜欢体育。
单句语法填空
①Not only the students but also their teacher (be) enjoying the film.
②Neither Amy nor Hellen (like) English.
③Either you or she (be) good at drawing.
答案:①is ②likes ③is
While we're doing all this traveling,we can get seasick at sea,airsick in the air and carsick in a car,but we don't get homesick when we get back home.(教材第14页)
当我们旅行时,我们会在海上晕船(seasick at sea)、在飞机里晕机(airsick in the air)、在车里晕车(carsick in a car),但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”(homesick,实际意义为“思乡的”)。
本句是并列句,but前的分句中包含了while引导的时间状语从句,but后的分句中包含了when引导的时间状语从句。
1.Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English (教材第14页)
你有没有问过自己,为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难
◆have trouble (in) doing sth.(在)做某事上有困难
Though I have trouble in learning German,I decide to learn it well.虽然我学德语有困难,但我决心学好它。
单句语法填空
①I've been having a few problems the car.
②She had more trouble (keep) focused.
完成句子
③I have (太多) difficulty in doing the work.
答案:①with ②(in) keeping ③too much
2.And speaking of home,why aren't homework and housework the same thing (教材第15页)
说到家,为什么homework(家庭作业)和housework(家务)(这两个英语单词看起来很像意思却)不是一回事呢
◆speaking of home“提到家”,在句中作时间状语。
Being decorated,the building can't be moved in and used.
正在装修,这座大楼还不能搬进使用。(与句子主语是动宾关系)
Seeing me,he jumped with joy.
看到我,他高兴地跳了起来。(与句中主语是主谓关系)
3.If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same (教材第15页)
如果说harmless actions(无害行为)和harmful actions(有害行为)意思相反,为什么shameless behaviors(无耻行为)和shameful behaviors(可耻行为)反而是一回事
◆opposite n.对立面,对立物;对立的人;反义词
Do the opposite.Focus on the speaking.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
反其道而行之。专注于演讲。
What is the opposite of heavy 重的反义词是什么
Exactly the opposite is true.事实恰恰相反。
完成句子
①热和冷是对立面。
Hot and cold .
②他在我对面坐下来。
He took a seat me.
③玛莎一点都不腼腆,事实上正好相反。
Martha's not shy at all— in fact.
答案:①are opposites ②opposite to ③just the opposite
构词法(Word Formation)
①Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
②For example,in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting...
③And speaking of home,why aren't homework and housework the same thing
④When we look out of the window and see rain or snow,we can say “it's raining”or “it's snowing”.
⑤What about “IT” and “US”
仔细观察上面加粗的词,可以发现pineapple,homework,housework由两个单词组合而成,这样的词叫合成词。此外还有其他构词法,如派生和缩略,我们一起来学习一下。
一、合成
1.合成名词
(1)名词+名词(动词)
storyteller讲故事的人 bookmark书签
sunset日落 sightseeing观光
(2)动词+名词
guidebook指导手册 runway飞机跑道
(3)介词+名词
underground地铁 by-product副产品
2.合成动词
名词、形容词、副词(介词)+动词
babysit临时照看婴孩
ill-treat虐待 overcome克服
3.合成形容词
(1)名词+动词(-ing、过去分词)
English-speaking讲英语的
snow-covered被雪覆盖的
(2)形容词+名词(动词-ing)
high-class高级的 easy-going随和的
(3)副词+动词(-ing、过去分词)
hard-working勤劳的
well-written写得好的
(4)数词+名词
five-year五年的
合成形容词一般要有连字符,其中的名词部分不用复数形式。
a 2,000-word report 一份两千字的报道
an 800-metre-long bridge 一座八百米长的桥
完成句子
①She has (一个三岁的)boy.
②The Yangtze River is an over (六千千米长) river.
③This article is (写得好).
答案:①a three-year-old ②6,000-kilometre-long
③well-written
4.其他合成词
everywhere到处 downstairs在楼下
throughout自始至终;遍及 within在……之内
二、派生
1.前缀
前缀通常只改变词义,不改变词性。
(1)表示否定意义的前缀。
sculpture由词根sculpt和后缀-ure组成,这样的词叫派生词;我们熟知的rain和snow是名词,“it's raining”和“it's snowing”分别意为“正在下雨”“正在下雪”,其中的rain和snow变成了动词,分别意为“下雨”“下雪”,这种变化被称为词性转化。
un-不,非 unable不能够的 unlucky 不幸的
dis-不,非 dishonest 不诚实的
discontinuous 不连续的
in-不,非 inactive 不活跃的 incorrect 不正确的
im-不,非 impatient 不耐烦的
impossible 不可能的
ir-不,非 irregular 不规则的
irresponsible 不负责任的
il-不,非 illogical 不合逻辑的 illegal 非法的
non-不,非 non-existent 不存在的
non-stop 直达的;连续不断的
mis-错误 mislead 误导 misunderstand 误解
单句语法填空
①He missed the game so he was (happy).
②You must do it again for your answer is (correct).
答案:(1)①unhappy ②incorrect
(2)其他常见前缀。
pre-在……之前 preview预习 prepare准备
re-再,重新 return返回 remember记住
com-共同,一起 combine结合 company公司
inter-在……之间 international国际的
interaction互动
trans-横过;转移 transport运输
translation翻译
tele-远;电 telephone电话
television电视
2.后缀
形容词后缀
(1)名词+-al
agriculture农业→agricultural 农业的
(2)动词+-ive
decide 决定;下决心→decisive 决定性的;关键的
(3)动词+-able
accept 接受→acceptable 可接受的
(4)名词+-ful
care 小心;关心→careful 小心的;仔细的
(5)名词+-less
care 小心;关心→careless 粗心的
(6)名词+-ly
friend 朋友→friendly 友好的
(7)名词+-y
cloud 云→cloudy 多云的
名词后缀
(1)动词+-ion∕-tion∕-sion(表示动作或动作过程)
correct 改正;纠正→correction 改正
celebrate 庆祝→celebration 庆祝;庆祝会
conclude 完成;结束→conclusion 结论;结束
(2)动词+-er∕-or(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)
drive 驾驶→driver 司机;驾驶员
act 表演→actor 演员
(3)动词+-ment
punish 惩罚→punishment 惩罚
(4)动词∕形容词+-th
warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖
(5)形容词+-y
difficult 困难的→difficulty 困难
honest 诚实的→honesty 诚实
(6)形容词+-ness
kind 善良的→kindness 善良
(7)动词+-ance
annoy 使烦恼→annoyance 烦恼
(8)动词+-ist
type 打字→typist 打字员
(9)-ship 结尾的名词(表示关系、身份、资格)
friend 朋友→friendship 友谊
member 成员;会员→membership 会员资格
professor 教授→professorship 教授身份
(10)-ing 结尾的名词
garden 花园→gardening 园艺
greet 打招呼;问候→greeting 问候
动词后缀
(1)形容词∕名词+-fy∕-ify
simple 简单的→simplify 简化
(2)形容词+-en
short 短的→shorten 缩短
(3)名词+-ize
apology 道歉,歉意→apologize 道歉
单句语法填空
①When crossing the street,you must be very (care).
②Your (suggest)is quite right!
答案:①careful ②suggestion
三、转化
一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性,这种构词法叫转化。
1.动词转化为名词
Let me have a try.让我试一试。
2.名词转化为动词
Have you watered the flowers 你浇花了吗
3.形容词转化为动词
The train slowed down to half its speed.
火车速度减慢了一半。
4.形容词转化为名词
They're running in the final.
他们正在进行赛跑的决赛。
5.个别词在一定场合转化为名词
This book is a must for students.
这是学生必读的一本书。
单句语法填空
①He (elbow)his way through the crowd and got on a bus quickly.
②When he was (head) to the door,his mother was (eye) him.
答案:①elbowed ②heading;eyeing
四、缩略
为了方便使用,使事物称谓中的成分进行有规律的节缩或者省略叫作缩略。
经过缩略形成的能自由运用的语言单位,叫缩略词。
英语中常用缩略词经常有以下几个方面:
1.表示各种组织或机构的缩略词
APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
亚太经贸合作组织
IOC (International Olympic Committee)
国际奥林匹克委员会
2.表示各种系统的缩略词
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
全球移动通信系统
GPS (Global Positioning System)
全球定位系统
3.有关职务或学位的缩略词
CEO (Chief Executive Officer)
首席执行官
CFO (Chief Financial Officer)
首席财务官
4.有关金融方面的缩略词
ATM (Automatic Teller Machine)
自动取款机
GNP (Gross National Product)
国民生产总值
5.有关考试的缩略词
CET (College English Test)
大学英语等级考试
PETS (Public English Test System)
全国英语等级考试
6.其他方面的缩略词
UFO (Unidentified Flying Object)
不明飞行物
API (Air Pollution Index)
空气污染指数
说出下列缩略词的汉语意思
①SOS
②TOEFL
③WTO
答案:①紧急呼救信号 ②托福考试 ③世界贸易组织
1.Landing on the moon's far side is (extreme) challenging.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)
2.Chinese New Year is a (celebrate)marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)
3. (certain) during the holiday period,this plant is a must.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)
4.Filled with (curious),the artist packed his bags and left.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
5.In the 18th and 19th centuries, (wealth) people travelled and collected plants,historical objects and works of art.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)
6.Historical (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)
答案及剖析:
1.extremely 考查副词。修饰形容词challenging,要用副词形式extremely。
2.celebration 考查名词。因系动词后有不定冠词a,故应用名词形式celebration。
3.Certainly 考查副词。在句中修饰句子的时间状语,要用副词形式certainly。
4.curiosity 考查名词。 在句中充当介词with的宾语,用名词形式curiosity。
5.wealthy 考查形容词。在句中充当定语,修饰名词people,用形容词形式wealthy。
6.accuracy 考查名词。 在句中充当主语,且前面有形容词修饰,故用名词形式accuracy。
单句语法填空
1.The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
2.Then,handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of (achieve).
3.Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular).
4.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
5.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC,influenced the (develop) of chopsticks.
6.Chinese scientists have (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.
7.They gave money to the old people's home either (personal) or through their companies.
8.Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with (patient).
9.Don't defend him any more. It's obvious that he (deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
10.—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one
—That's a good (suggest).
答案:1.officially 2.achievement 3.regularly
4.gradually 5.development 6.recently
7.personally 8.patience 9.deliberately
10.suggestion
课时作业(三) Unit 2 Part 1
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.There were once about 200 rock (sculpt).
2. she spoke I hadn't realised she wasn't English.
3.Neither you nor he (like) this picture.
4.He is the one who always has (create) thinking.
5.The two sides have completely (oppose)ideas.
6.She grew many wonderful plants that were (familiar) to me,so I didn't know their names.
7.Most stars are not (invisible) to the naked eye in the daytime.
8.Her unexpected arrival threw us into total (confusing).
9.Please fill your form quickly.
10.This book is a (reflect) of the progress in Chinese society.
答案:1.sculptures 2.Until 3.likes 4.creative 5.opposing 6.unfamiliar 7.visible 8.confusion 9.in 10.reflection
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.If we all agree,let's (使……结束) the discussion.
2.He (烧毁了) all the old newspapers.
3.I (不知道也不关心) what had happened to him.
4. (谈到) travelling,are you going to any interesting places this year
5.The traffic laws (直到……才生效) the end of the year.
答案:1.wind up 2.burned up/down 3.neither knew nor cared 4.Speaking of 5.don't take effect until
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You may be surprised to learn that English gets 30 to 45 percent of its words from French.The reason goes back to the year 1066,when Norman forces invaded(入侵) what is now Britain.The Normans were from northern France and spoke French.During the Norman occupation,French became the language of England's rulers and wealthy class.This lasted for more than 300 years.Other people in England continued to speak English during this period.
Over time,the two languages combined and shared words.Some researchers believe that about 10,000 French words eventually entered the English language.However,although English took many French words,their meanings have not always stayed the same.Sometimes the differences in meanings can be very important,and lead to funny or strange situations if the words are used in the wrong way.
Take the French word “college” for example.In English,“college” can often be used in place of the word university,or sometimes as a school within a university.However,in French,“college” actually means “middle school”,or the level of schooling for students in grades five or six through eight.
There are many other similar words in the two languages with completely different meanings.In English,the word “chat” is a verb which means “to talk casually”;but in French,the word “chat” is the word for an animal:a cat.
If an English speaker says someone is “jolly”,that means they are cheerful or friendly.But in French,“jolie” means someone is good-looking or pleasant to look at.In any case,both are nice things to say to someone.
1.What does the author stress about the French words in English
A.Their spelling forms.
B.Their changes in history.
C.Their puzzles for English.
D.Their different meanings.
2.What does a Frenchman mean if he says he likes a chat
A.He likes a kind of pet.
B.He wants to have a talk.
C.He hates to speak English.
D.He prefers to chat in French.
3.What is the French word “jolie” used to do
A.Replace “jolly” in English.
B.Describe people's looks.
C.Refer to people's happiness.
D.Prove the change in French.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Comparison between two languages.
B.Difficulty in grasping English.
C.French words in English.
D.Development of English.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语中存在大量法语单词的现象,解释了其原因并举例说明了一些单词在英语和法语中不同的含义。阅读本文,有利于增强学生的跨文化意识。
答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段最后两句的内容可知,尽管英语中有许多法语单词,但它们的意思并不总是一成不变的。有时意义上的差异非常重要,如果用错了词,就会造成滑稽或奇怪的情况。由此推测,作者强调了英语中的法语单词的不同含义,故选D项。
2.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第四段最后一句可知,如果一个法国人说他喜欢a chat,他的意思是他喜欢一种宠物,因为在法语里chat是cat(猫)的意思,故选A项。
3.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本具体信息的能力。根据最后一段第二句可知,在法语中,jolie的意思是说某人长得好看或看上去是令人愉快的。由此可知jolie 在法语里被用来描述人的外表,故选B项。
4.C 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。通读全文内容,并结合第一段第一句和第二段第二句可知,本文主要讲述的是“英语中的法语单词”,因此C项最具概括性。
B
The English language is different from any other language.Yet English words do not stay the same.Our language is always changing.We need new words for new inventions and new ideas.Different words come into use,or older words are used in a new way.
English can change by borrowing words from other languages.“Tomato” was borrowed from Mexico and “pajamas(睡衣)” from India.The word “coffee” came from Turkey,and “tea” came from China.Now new space and science words are being borrowed from other countries,too.
New words are also made by adding two words together.“Strawberry”,“postman”,and “grandfather” are words made up of two parts.
Sometimes new words are shorter forms of older words.The word “photo” was made from “photograph” by cutting off the end of the longer word.“Plane” was made by cutting off the front part of “airplane”.“Smog” was made by using only the first two and last two letters from the words “smoke” and “fog”.
The names of people and products can become new words.Our sandwich was named after a man named “Sandwich”.Scotch tape,band-aid,and jello(果冻) were names made up by the companies that first made the products.
5.Why is the English language always changing
A.People get tired of using the same words.
B.People use words for movies and TV plays.
C.There are too many books and magazines.
D.People need words for new inventions and ideas.
6.What can we know from the passage
A.All new words are borrowed.
B.Words never come from company names.
C.Languages don't stay the same.
D.Old words don't change their meanings.
7.Which of the following may be the best title of the passage
A.A changing language
B.English—a beautiful language
C.Names can become words
D.Different languages
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着新发明和新思想的出现,我们需要更多新的英语单词来表达新发明和新思想,或者把旧的单词以新的方式来使用。阅读本文,有利于增强学生对英语单词形成方式的理解和跨思维转换的意识。
答案及剖析:
5.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“We need new words for new inventions and new ideas.”可知,人们需要新的单词来表达这些新发明和新思想,故选D项。
6.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Our language is always changing.”可知,语言是在不断变化的,不是一成不变的,故选C项。
7.A 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知,英语这种语言不是一成不变的,而是不断变化的,用A项作标题可概括文章的主要内容。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Learning a foreign language is a challenging task,1. it can also be a very enjoyable experience.Here are a few 2. (tip) on how to learn a foreign language well.Firstly,work on your own pace.You'll find 3. more effective to study for half an hour rather than try to do a whole unit at once.Secondly,use language 4. (communicate).Don't worry about 5. (get) things wrong.The important thing is to build up your 6. (confident) in speaking.Thirdly,build up your vocabulary.You should learn vocabulary by topics or in sentences,7. is very effective.Besides,get 8. (use)to hearing everyday language at normal speed.Listening to the course recordings 9. (frequent) is a good choice.And above all,have fun 10. (learn) languages.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了学习一门外语的几种方法。阅读本文,有利于增强学生学习外语的信心,提高探索兴趣。
答案及剖析:
1.but 考查连词。分析句子的逻辑关系可知,前后句为转折关系,故用but。
2.tips 考查名词。tip为可数名词,此处被a few所修饰,故应用复数形式。
3.it 考查代词。此处it为形式宾语,动词不定式短语to study for half an hour为真正的宾语。
4.to communicate 考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,故应用动词不定式。
5.getting 考查非谓语动词。介词about后应使用动名词形式。
6.confidence 考查名词和词性转化。形容词性物主代词your修饰名词。
7.which 考查定语从句。先行词为主句,关系词在非限制性定语从句中充当主语,故用which。
8.used 考查固定短语。get used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”。
9.frequently 考查词性转化。此处修饰动名词短语,故应用副词形式。
10.learning 考查固定短语。have fun doing表示“愉快地做某事”。Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
1.主题语境:人与自我——跨文化沟通。主要介绍英美语言中的俗语和习语。
2.语篇类型:论坛专题讨论。
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了四位英语学习者在语言实际应用过程中遭遇的困惑与误解。阅读本文,有利于学生加深对英语语言多样性及其丰富的文化内涵的理解,在学习中注意关注俚语及其文化内涵,培养跨文化意识。
答案:1.downtown 2.a frog in her throat 3.exit 4.ground floor 5.first floor 6.wicked 7.Not bad
1.Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!(教材第20页)
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇,它们让我们意识到,有些在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了!
◆remind v.提醒,使……想起
In our childhood,we were often reminded by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.
在我们的童年时代,奶奶经常提醒我们注意餐桌礼仪。
Would you remind me to leave him a note
请你提醒我给他留张便条,好吗
单句语法填空
①That song always reminds me a certain night in Santa Cruz.
②“Remind me (buy) stamps.”“OK.”
完成句子
③旅客们请注意,本次列车禁止吸烟。
Passengers are reminded that on this train.
答案:①of ②to buy ③no smoking is allowed/smoking is not allowed
2.He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat.(教材第21页)
他说玛吉老师没法来上课,因为她的喉咙里卡了一只青蛙。
◆have a frog in one's throat (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难
He is hard to sing now because he has a frog in his throat.
现在他很难唱歌,因为他嗓子疼得说不出话。
完成句子
①She never has time to be bored. She is always (忙忙碌碌的) from morning to night.
②Last night, after a day's hard work, my father came home (累坏了).
③Whatever difficulty you will meet, you have to (面对现实).
答案:①as busy as a bee ②dog-tired ③face the music
3.When I was looking for the exit,I saw that shoes were actually sold downstairs on the ground floor,not the first floor.(教材第21页)
就在我找出口的时候,我发现鞋区是在一楼,不在二楼。
◆actually adv. 事实上,实际上
They studied the other painting and learned that it was actually Paul Gauguin's “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.”(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)
他们研究了另一幅画,得知这实际上是保罗·高更的《桌上的水果与小狗静物画》。
I could see them actually walking under the sea.
(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D)
我能看到他们在海底行走。
单句语法填空
① actual fact,there is not much evidence to support it.
②Jones was shocked when she said that she didn't (actual) mind being cheated.(2020年天津卷,完形填空)
③The building looked as impressive in (actual) as it did in photographs.
答案:①In ②actually ③actuality
4.I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China.(教材第21页)
我在中国上的大学和英国一所大学有一个交换项目,我作为交换生到英国学习。
◆exchange n. (学生、教师等的)互访,交换
I'm only here for one term.I'm on an exchange with Dr Fisher.
我只在这儿待一个学期,与费舍尔博士互换。
Exchange is sometimes an other kind of communication.
交换有时是另外一种交流方式。
单句语法填空
①Where can I exchange my dollars pounds
②I exchanged seats Bill.
完成句子
③He gave me an apple (为了交换) a piece of cake.
答案:①for ②with ③in exchange for
5.I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment.(教材第21页)
我知道自己写得很好,也期待着老师积极的评价。
◆look forward to 期待;盼望
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
我期盼早点得到你的回信。
He is looking forward to visiting the Great Wall again.他盼着能再游长城。
look forward to 中to 是介词,后面跟动词时需用v.-ing形式。
完成句子
①I'd like you to (浏览) these photographs and try to pick out the man you saw.
②The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的),an aging writer (回忆) an ambitious yet simpler time.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
③In (调查) the stories of biological discovery,I also began to find something else,a collection of scientists,usually brilliant occasionally half-mad,who made the discoveries.(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解D)
④While libraries still loan out(出借) books,you'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're (寻找),thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.(2020年天津7月卷,阅读理解A)
⑤We have (看) our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find.(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解D)
答案:①look through ②looking back on
③looking into ④looking for ⑤looked at
1.Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!(教材第20页)
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇,它们让我们意识到,有些在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了!
◆Here引导的全部倒装结构。
Here are a few tips to help you make your first impression.
这是帮你留下第一印象的一些提示。
以here、there、in、out、up、down、under、away、back、now、then等副词开头的句子,如果主语是名词,常用全部倒装。
单句语法填空
①There (lie) a large wheat field in front of the house.
②Under the table (be) three white cats.
③In (come) the teacher and the class began.
答案:①lies ②are ③came
2.The British must have really high standards.(教材第21页)
英国人的标准一定很高很高。
◆must表示推测。
You must be hungry after all that walking.
走了这么远的路,你一定饿了吧。
语境选词填空
①Look at the clothes!He (must be∕must do) a soldier.
②I'm sorry,but she's not here.She (must leave∕must have left) already.
③Look at the clock.He (must be sleeping∕must sleep) now.
答案:①must be ②must have left ③must be sleeping
When I was looking for the exit,I saw that shoes were actually sold downstairs on the ground floor,not the first floor.(教材第21页)
就在我找出口的时候,我发现鞋区是在一楼,不在二楼。
本句是个主从复合句,when 引导时间状语从句,I saw...floor 是主句,其中that 引导宾语从句。
1.One day,a different teacher took our class.(教材第21页)有一天,另外一位老师来给我们代课。
◆take one's class给某人上课
Yesterday,Mr Li took our class.昨天,李老师给我们上的课。
2.He had told me that his grandfather was “really wicked”.(教材第21页)
他以前跟我说他的爷爷“很邪恶”。
◆wicked adj. 缺德的;邪恶的;很棒的;极好的
She had a wicked sense of humour.她有种古灵精怪的幽默感。
These are stories about a wicked witch.这是些关于邪恶女巫的故事。
This song is wicked.这首歌太棒了。
3.英美楼层的不同表达
Writing a story about a misunderstanding in English
1.文体类型:看图作文故事类,属于记叙文范畴,常用于对人物的经历和事件的发展的叙述描写。
2.要点内容:一个交换生生活在一个英国家庭,第一次吃toad-in-the-hole的有趣经历。
短篇故事首段常用句式:
There was an interesting experience/story happening in...,which I still remember now.
It was a beautiful day and the sun was shining.
Up to now,I still remember one interesting/terrible/embarrassing thing which happened years ago.
短篇故事中段常用句式:
To begin with,he told us that it was important/ interesting to do...
Seeing us puzzled,he gave us further explanation about...
When we realised that we had understood/ misunderstood...,we couldn't help...
短篇故事尾段常用句式:
It turns out that...
Since then I have worked hard at...
I secretly swore that I would...
假设你是振兴中学的学生李华,你的同学英国交流生Jonathan学汉语很长时间了,但是仍然有疑惑。今天你要带他去吃“驴打滚儿”和“蚂蚁上树”,他吓坏了,但吃后却爱上了它们。请用一则故事叙述今天发生的事。
注意:词数为80个左右。
参考词汇:小吃snack、驴子donkey、打滚roll、蚂蚁ant
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. n.类型,种类
2. adj.独一无二的,独特的
3. adj.奇怪的,古怪的
4. v.显示,反映
5. 做某事有困难
6. 花费时间做
7. 想起
答案:1.type 2.unique 3.odd 4.reflect 5.have trouble doing 6.spend time doing
7.think of
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
完成句子
1.Jonathan学习汉语很长时间了,但他在理解中国小吃的方面有点困难。
Jonathan has been learning Chinese for a long time,but he Chinese snacks.
2.他喜欢吃各种面食,比如饺子。
He likes to eat wheaten food,such as dumplings.
3.他害怕某些独特又奇怪的中国小吃名字。
He is afraid of some of Chinese snacks.
4.我花了很长时间才说服他尝一尝。
I him to have a try.
5.这些中国食物的名字让他想起一些不好的东西。
These names of Chinese foods let him .
6.我喜欢这些中国小吃的名字,因为它们反映了中国人的智慧。(reflect)
I like these names of Chinese snacks because they Chinese people.
答案:1.has trouble understanding 2.all types of
3.strange and odd names 4.spent a long time persuading 5.think of something bad
6.reflect the wisdom of
1.使用使役结构get sb.doing sth.改写第Ⅱ题中第5题的句子,使句式丰富而不单调。
2.使用非限制性定语从句将第Ⅱ题中第6题的前后两句合并,提升句子结构层次。
答案:1.These names of Chinese foods got him thinking of something bad.
2.I like these names of Chinese snacks,which reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.
My friend Jonathan is a British exchange student,living in China.He has been learning Chinese for a long time,but he has trouble understanding Chinese snacks.He likes to eat all types of wheaten food,such as dumplings.However,he is afraid of some strange and odd names of Chinese snacks.Today,I asked him to taste lvdaguner and mayishangshu,which really scared him.He told me these names of Chinese foods got him thinking of something bad.I spent a long time persuading him to have a try.
After eating,he fell in love with them.I like these names of Chinese snacks,which reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.
假设你是李华,你和你的同学被邀请参加Fred的生日聚会。所有的菜都端上来后,Fred告诉你们他有更大的鱼要炒(have bigger fish to fry)。
请根据以上信息,用英语编写一个故事。
提示:Having bigger fish to fry in English means having something more important to do.
注意:词数为80个左右。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Yesterday was my classmate and friend Fred's birthday and I was invited to have dinner at his home with some other classmates.
When we arrived,he had prepared all the food for us.We expressed our best wishes to him and presented him with our small gifts.Then we sat around the table,enjoying the delicious food.A few minutes later,Fred got up from his seat and answered a call.Returning to the table,he told us that he had bigger fish to fry and asked us to wait a moment.We all expected him to bring us some fish when he returned.However,he came back with nothing soon.I asked where the fish was,which made him very confused.Suddenly,he was awared that I misunderstood him,so he explained to us that having bigger fish to fry means having something more important to do in English.We all laughed and continued our dinner.
课时作业(四) Unit 2 Part 2
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Different stages of sleep (actual) give you different types of brain and body benefits.
2.In (add),the tuition is too high for their families to pay for.
3.It is important that students develop an (aware) of how the Internet can be used.
4.The incident served as a timely (remind) of just how dangerous mountaineering can be.
5.Our city has changed beyond all (recognise) in the past 20 years,a completely new one in front of me.
6.I came with the (intend) of staying,but now I've decided to leave.
7.In my diary,I set down a series of things that are all (base) on facts.
8.I now look forward to (go) back to work as soon as possible.
9.Employees provide services to the company they work for in exchange pay.
10.I came an old friend of mine yesterday when I was hanging out.
答案:1.actually 2.addition 3.awareness 4.reminder 5.recognition 6.intention 7.based 8.going 9.for 10.across
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.We are all (盼望着) the long holiday for National Day.
2.I'm well (了解) the risks.
3.He can't speak because (他嗓子疼).
4.The film is (以……为基础) a real-life incident.
5.Mother (提醒我) go to school.
答案:1.looking forward to 2.aware of 3.he has a frog in his throat 4.based on 5.reminded me to
阅读理解
A
These people are studying English.However,they are now facing some problems.
I am Pablo.I work 50 hours a week as a taxi driver,so I talk to people all day.They understand me,but I know I make a lot of mistakes.No one corrects me.My vocabulary is strong.Grammar is my problem.I'm trying to change little by little.For example,I don't use the past tense(时态).I always say,“I drive him to the office this morning” instead of “I drove him to the office this morning”.
My name is Maria Luisa.I'm teaching myself English,and I'm good at grammar.However,it's really difficult to find ways to practise English.I live in an area where everyone speaks my language.My neighbours and friends speak Spanish.I can speak Spanish in the supermarket and at the post office.
I am Li Ping.I understand the grammar and the readings in my class and I think my writing is good,but I'm very nervous when I speak English.I don't want to make any mistakes because I'm afraid people will think that I'm stupid.Also,my pronunciation isn't good.When I speak,people often say,“What Say that again.”
I am Yoshi.I have been in the United States for one year.I'm studying hard and I know grammar well,but the vocabulary is very difficult.When I listen,I don't understand many of the words.When I try to read,there are three or four new words in every sentence.I feel discouraged.
1.Who may say,“I go to bed late last night”
A.Yoshi. B.Maria Luisa.
C.Li Ping. D.Pablo.
2.What would be the best advice for Maria Luisa
A.Try to have a wide vocabulary.
B.Develop a good knowledge of grammar.
C.Make friends with English-speaking people.
D.Read as many English books as possible.
3.Why do people find it hard to understand Li Ping's English
A.She speaks at a very fast speed.
B.She can't pronounce words in English correctly.
C.Her grammar is terrible.
D.Her voice is very low.
4.What can we learn about Yoshi
A.He has a very small vocabulary.
B.He was born in the United States.
C.He has learned English for years.
D.He is very good at listening.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了Pablo、Maria Luisa、Li Ping和Yoshi四人在学习英语的过程中碰到的不同问题。阅读本文,有利于帮助学生正确认识和对待在英语学习中遇到的问题,促进语言学习。
答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的“For example,I don't...instead of ‘I drove him to the office this morning'.”可知,Pablo不会使用过去时,题干中“I go to bed late last night”属于时态错误,故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的内容可知,Maria Luisa没有讲英语的环境,因为她的邻居和朋友都讲西班牙语。所以建议让她和讲英语的人交朋友,创造练习英语的机会,故选C项。
3.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“Also,my pronunciation isn't good.When I speak,people often say,‘What Say that again.’”可知,李萍的发音很差,这是人们觉得很难听懂她说的英语的原因,故选B项。
4.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“I'm studying hard and I know grammar well,but the vocabulary is very difficult.”可知,Yoshi的问题是词汇量少,故选A项。
B
People from Britain and Ireland first came to live in Australia in 1788.They brought different dialects(方言) of English with them.These different kinds of English began to mix and change.The newcomers soon began to speak with their own typical accent(口音) and vocabulary.More and more people came to Australia during the Gold Rush in the 19th and 20th centuries.Some came from Britain and Ireland;others came from non-English speaking countries.Australian English continued to grow and change.
Australian English has also been influenced by American English.American television shows and music have been popular in Australia since the 1950s.
Australians use many words that other English speakers do not use.The famous Australian greeting,for example,is “G'day”! A native forest is called the “bush” and central Australia is called the “outback”.Many words were brought to Australia from Britain and Ireland.For example,“mate” means “friend”,and it is still used in Britain.Some of these words have changed in meaning.Some words have come from Australian original languages,many of which are names for animals,plants and places,like “dingo” and “kangaroo”.
Australian spelling comes from British spelling.In words like “organise” and “realise”,“-ise” is the expected and taught spelling method.In words like “colour”,“favourite”,“-our” is the normal,but nouns such as the “Labor Party” and “Victor Harbor” are spelled with “-or”.“Program”,on the other hand,is more common than “programme”.
There are also differences in the definition (定义) of words Australians use in different parts of the country.For example,“football” means “rugby” in New South Wales and Queensland,but “Australian rules football” in everywhere else in Australia.In New South Wales,a swimming costume is called a “cossie” or “swimmers”,while in Queensland it is called “togs” and “bathers” in Victoria.
5.According to the passage,which of the following is spoken only by Australians
A.Mate. B.Outback.
C.Program. D.Rugby.
6.What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A.The same word might have different meanings in different parts of Australia.
B.There are different expressions about sports in Australia.
C.Australian rules football is the most popular sport in Australia.
D.Australians are fond of sports and games.
7.What might be the best title for the text
A.The history of Australia
B.The development of Australian English
C.The birth of Australian English
D.Different kinds of English across the world
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了澳大利亚英语的发展历史及其特点。阅读本文,有助于学生了解澳大利亚英语的发展历史,拓宽知识面,促进语言文化的学习。
答案及剖析:
5.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第三段中的“A native forest is...called the outback.”可知,outback仅有澳大利亚人说,故选B项。
6.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的“There are also...parts of the country.”以及下文所举的例子可知,同一个词在澳大利亚的不同地区可能有不同的意思,故选A项。
7.B 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。综合全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了澳大利亚英语的发展历史及其特点。B项切题,故选B项。
核心素养提升(Unit 2)
(时间:120分钟,满分:150分)
高考主播音频
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What should the man take ( B )
A.A winter coat.
B.A light jacket.
C.A winter jacket.
2.Who has a serious cold ( A )
A.Sue. B.Selina. C.Stephen.
3.Why doesn't the woman send Jim to Grammar School ( C )
A.Jim doesn't like it.
B.She can't afford the fee.
C.It's a long distance from her house.
4.What time is it now ( A )
A.It's 3:00 pm. B.It's 4:30 pm.
C.It's 6:00 pm.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about ( C )
A.When road repairs will be finished.
B.Where there are traffic jams.
C.Why Mary was late.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the woman's opinion about extreme sports ( A )
A.Exciting. B.Dangerous. C.Frightening.
7.What did the man do yesterday ( C )
A.He went water skiing.
B.He tried bungee jumping.
C.He climbed the mountains.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Why did the man make the call ( B )
A.He wanted to check out.
B.He wanted to have his room cleaned.
C.He wanted to order a room.
9.Where will the man go in 20 minutes ( C )
A.To the park.
B.To the library.
C.To the museum.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.What is unusual about the members of the Golden Sail Orchestra ( A )
A.They are all teenagers.
B.They are chosen from No.110 High School.
C.They are the most famous musicians in the world.
11.What does the man offer to do for the woman ( C )
A.Lend her some money.
B.Cook dinner for her.
C.Buy her a concert ticket.
12.Where does the conversation probably take place ( B )
A.In a cafeteria.
B.In a classroom.
C.In a concert hall.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.What is the relationship between the speakers ( A )
A.Teacher and student.
B.Father and daughter.
C.Tour guide and tourist.
14.When did Henry Ⅷ kill Elizabeth's mother ( B )
A.In 1533. B.In 1536. C.In 1558.
15.What was Elizabeth good at ( A )
A.Languages. B.Music.
C.Plays.
16.Who introduced potatoes to Europe ( B )
A.Sir Francis Drake.
B.Walter Raleigh.
C.Elizabeth Ⅰ.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What did Vernon ask the speaker to do ( C )
A.Look after his house.
B.Check his mailbox.
C.Take care of his birds.
18.What happened when the speaker arrived at Vernon's house ( A )
A.He couldn't open the door.
B.He found he brought the wrong key.
C.He couldn't find the key to the mailbox.
19.What made the speaker anxious ( C )
A.It was getting dark.
B.He might draw others' attention.
C.He didn't know how to face Vernon.
20.Why did the speaker feel like a fool ( B )
A.He made too much noise.
B.What he did made him look like a thief.
C.He forgot to ask the policeman for help.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
M:Do you think it'll be cold Should I pack my winter coat
W:It looks like it'll be warm this week.I think you just need a light jacket.
(Text 2)
W:Stephen won't go to the party because he has to work.
M:Selina has to study and Sue has caught a bad cold,so they won't go,either.
(Text 3)
M:Carol,why not send Jim to Grammar School Doesn't he like it
W:Yes,he does.But it is too far from here.
(Text 4)
M:Hi,Jenny.Let's go to the gym later today!
W:Sure,what time do you want to go How about 4:30 pm
M:OK.Then I still have 90 minutes left to finish the paper due on Monday.
(Text 5)
M:Mary,you came home late today.Are there any traffic jams
W:Yeah.I'd waited at the bus stop for almost half an hour.Then the bus arrived.But road repairs on Renmin Street haven't been finished.
第二节
(Text 6)
W:Hey,Mike,you look really brown.What were you up to over the weekend
M:I had a great weekend.On Saturday,I went water skiing.That was some experience!
W:I'm sure it was.Those extreme sports give me a real thrill.I've even tried bungee jumping.It's brilliant.But why are you so brown Were you at the beach
M:No.Yesterday,I went mountain climbing with the mountaineering club.I was out in the sun all day.
(Text 7)
W:Hello!This is the front desk.May I help you
M:This is Room 2031,and we have just checked in.
W:Yes
M:Our room hasn't been cleaned up yet.Could you please send one of your cleaners to clean our room
W:Oh,I'm very sorry,sir.We'll send someone right away,probably in five minutes or so.Your room number again and your name,please
M:Our room number is 2031,and my name is Harry Chen.
W:Thank you.I'll send someone right now.
M:Thank you.Could you please ask them to come as soon as possible We'd like to leave for the museum in 20 minutes.
(Text 8)
W:Would you like to go to the school concert with me tonight
M:I didn't know there was going to be a concert.Who's playing
W:The Golden Sail Orchestra from Beijing No.101 High School.
M:Oh,great!I heard an orchestra like that a few days ago.It was very unusual.All the players were teenagers.
W:It must be the same group.The piano player is 17 years old and the youngest violin player is no more than 14 years old.
M:They are excellent musicians.I just loved that lost concert and I'm sure I'll enjoy this one,too.I'm glad you asked me.
W:The concert starts at 7:00 this evening.Do you want to go out to eat dinner first
M:Sure,but it's on me this time.
W:I really appreciate that.I'm quite short of money these days.
M:Well,I'll pay for the dinner,and I'll buy you a ticket as well.Don't worry about the money problem.
W:That's very kind of you.
M:A friend in need is a friend indeed.Ha ha,let's go straight to the cafeteria after this class.
(Text 9)
M:OK.Close your books.Listen,please,and write notes on Elizabeth Ⅰ.Ready Tom!What are you doing Listen to me!Well,OK.Elizabeth's father,Henry Ⅷ,married Anne Boleyn in 1533.Elizabeth was born in the same year.
W:Can you repeat the date,please
M:Yes,it's 1533.Then,when Elizabeth was only three years old,Henry killed Elizabeth's mother.And he sent Elizabeth away.But she had a good classical education.
W:Excuse me.Can you explain that,please
M:Yes,a “classical education”means you study ancient Greek and Latin.She could speak and write six different languages and Elizabeth also loved music and the theatre.And the Elizabeth period was a very interesting time for the theatre.
emember,Elizabeth was queen from 1558 to 1603.This period was a very exciting time in English history.Sir Francis Drake sailed around the world and Walter Raleigh went to America...
W:Can you spell that,please
M:What,America
W:No,Raleigh.
M:Yes,Walter Raleigh,it's W-A-L-T-E-R,R-A-L-E-I-G-H.Walter Raleigh introduced new things to Europe—tobacco,potatoes and coffee.
(Text 10)
M:My friend,Vernon Davis kept birds.One day he phoned and told me he was going away for a week.He asked me to feed the birds for him and said that he would leave the key to his front door in my mailbox.Unfortunately,I forgot all about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return.What was worse,it was already dark when I arrived at his house.I soon found the key Vernon left for me could not unlock either the front door or the back door.I was getting anxious and disappointed.I kept thinking of what Vernon would say when he came back.I was just going to give up when I noticed that one bedroom window was slightly open.I found a thick stick and pushed it under the window.I made a lot of noise.But in the end,I managed to climb up and open the window.I actually had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realised that someone was shining a flashlight at me.I looked down and saw a policeman and an old lady,one of Vernon's neighbours.I felt like a complete fool at that time.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
English is English,right Not exactly.Although Americans share the same language as those in Britain,words that commonly mean one thing in America can mean something completely different in Britain.Here are some examples.
In the United States a bird is,well,an animal with feathers.In England,however,a bird is often used to describe a young female,similar to the way young women are referred to “chicks” in America.But be careful when you are calling your
boss’daughter a bird,because some Britons consider the word a negative expression.
Saying you need a new trainer in America means something quite different from it does in England.In the US,trainers are healthy and strong experts who can help you work out. However,in England,trainers are just another name for tennis shoes.
In America,the word “jumper” usually means a call to 911,as it can refer to a person who’s trying to iump from a bridge or building.The meaning couldn’t be more different in Britain,where “jumper” is the name given to a knit top,or,as it’s called in America: a sweater.
Telling a Londoner that you like to sleep with your comforter every night may cause some strange looks,unless you’re a baby.In the US,a comforter is a cover for bed that is filled with a soft material,but in England,a comforter is a word used to describe a baby’s pacifier (橡皮奶嘴).
In America,a casket,also called a coffin(棺材),clearly has a sad meaning.In Britain,on the other hand,a casket has a completely different meaning: it refers to a small box used to store jewelry or other valuable objects.
If a Londoner tells an American he locked something in his boot,the American may look at him strangely.In America,a boot is a type of footwear,while in England the word is used to refer to a trunk (后备箱) of a car.
21.If you call a young English female a bird,she would most probably .
A.feel unhappy about it
B.find it very interesting
C.consider you are strange
D.think you come from the US
22.In America,a middle-aged woman teaching people to do sports can be probably called a “ ”.
A.chick B.trainer
C.jumper D.comforter
23.If a Londoner says he needs to get something in his boot,he .
A.has locked his car by accident
B.needs to return to his car for something
C.has dropped something into his footwear
D.needs to open his casket to get some jewelry
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。英式英语和美式英语有些拼写相同的单词意思不同,在文中作者给我们列举了一些这样的例子。阅读本文,有利于学生增强对英式英语和美式英语之间的区别的认识,并提高对英语学习的兴趣。
答案及剖析:
21.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的最后一句可推断,英国女孩听到自己被这样叫可能会不开心。
22.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“In the US,trainers are healthy and strong experts who can help you work out.”可知,在美国,trainer是指健身教练。所以,一个教别人运动的中年女士在美国可以被称为trainer。
23.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的最后一句可知,伦敦人说这句话的时候,他是要去他的车里取东西。
B
Baby sign language is a growing movement.Pointing to a colourful flower,Campbell lifts her baby's soft hand,and rapidly moves it from one side of his nose to the other as she sniffs (嗅).“Flower!” she says loudly.Gregory smiles and looks carefully.It could be a year before Gregory,4 months old,can speak,but now his mother hopes to communicate with her baby through sign language.
Like others around the world,Campbell is part of a growing movement of parents teaching hearing babies simple signs to communicate before they can talk.The baby sign language has been more popular in recent years.The movie,Meet the Fockers,where the main character teaches his young grandson to sign,makes it well developed.
Babies generally begin to talk between 12 and 15 months,but babies can use sign language to communicate before they learn how to speak.
“We know they are learning language faster than they are able to show you with their speech production because that system takes a long time to develop,” says McRoberts,director of developmental research at the Haskins Laboratories.
“They are understanding words before they are able to say them.From around 16 to 18 months,they might say 50 words but understand 200.They understand short sentences well,” says McRoberts.
Studies have shown deaf children learn to use sign language earlier than hearing children learn to speak meaningfully.As to whether hearing babies can communicate earlier with sign language,McRoberts says,“I think that's still unknown.It may not.I'm very interested in that very question.”
24.From the first paragraph we can know .
A.Campbell teaches her son to speak early
B.Gregory can use baby sign language well
C.baby sign language can help a child speak at the age of four months old
D.baby sign language is becoming more and more popular
25.The underlined word “it”(in Paragraph 2) probably refers to .
A.how to teach a grandson
B.making baby sign language meaningful
C.the movement of teaching babies sign language
D.the movie,Meet the Fockers
26.Many parents teach their babies sign language mainly to .
A.communicate with their babies
B.make their babies learn English fast
C.make their babies clever
D.make their babies interested in language
27.Which of the following does McRoberts agree with
A.Babies learn to talk quickly.
B.Babies can understand more words than they can say.
C.Hearing babies can communicate earlier.
D.Deaf babies understand short sentences well.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了婴儿手语现在越来越流行,婴儿在学会说话之前,可以用手语与父母交流。阅读本文,有利于拓宽学生的视野,丰富知识。
答案及剖析:
24.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Baby sign language is a growing movement.”可知,婴儿手语现在越来越流行,故选D项。
25.C 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词义的能力。根据第二段第一句可知,越来越多的父母开始教听力正常的婴儿在会说话之前用简单的手势进行交流,Campbell就是其中一员。近年来,婴儿手语越来越流行。由此推测,画线单词it在第二段中指的是前文的“教婴儿手语的活动”,故选C项。
26.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本具体信息的能力。根据第二段“parents teaching...before they can talk”以及下文多次提到communication可知,父母教孩子手语是为了与孩子交流,故选A项。
27.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据倒数第二段中的“From around 16 to 18 months,they might say 50 words but understand 200.”可知, McRoberts赞同这样的观点——婴儿可以理解的词比他们可以说的多,故选B项。
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries,
trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present,the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by many people,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000,which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico (150),Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one,with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times
A.They developed very fast.
B.They were large in number.
C.They had similar patterns.
D.They were closely connected.
29.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A.Complex. B.Advanced.
C.Powerful. D.Modern.
30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400.
C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200.
31.What is the main idea of the text
A.New languages will be created.
B.People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
D.Geography determines language evolution.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,语种众多,但是随着工业化、贸易、全球化等的发展,许多语种消失了。阅读本文,有助于帮助学生了解语言发展的特点,拓宽知识面。
答案及剖析:
28.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第一段中的“When the world...between them.”可知,在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,人们使用的语言种类很多,故选B项。
29.C 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词义的能力。根据上文提到的“...all have caused many languages to disappear”和下文的“such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知,英语、西班牙语和汉语正在逐渐取代一些语言。由此可猜测该词的意思是“占优势的”,C项意为“有影响力的”,故选C项。
30.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段的第一句和最后一句可知,B项正确。
31.C 主旨大意题。考查学生对理解文本主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知,在依靠狩猎和采集生活的时代,语种众多,但是随着工业化、贸易、全球化等的发展,许多语种消失了。由此可知,人类的发展导致了语种的减少,故选C项。
D
If English means endless new words,difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation,you are wrong.Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university,learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the younger people learn a second language,the better the effect is.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli,from University College London,took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five,as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language,the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales,has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between 2 and 34.Reading,writing,and comprehension were all tested.The results showed that the younger they started to learn,the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
32.The main subject talked about in this passage is .
A.science on learning a second language
B.man's ability of learning a second language
C.findings that language learning can help increase brain power
D.language learning and maths study
33.The last sentence of the second paragraph is intended to .
A.say language learning is also a kind of physical labour
B.prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language
C.show the importance of using it when you learn a language
D.make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
34.We may know from the scientific findings that .
A.the earlier you start to learn a second language,the higher the grey matter density is
B.there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language
C.the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain
D.the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
35.The underlined word “bilinguals” probably means .
A.researchers on language learning
B.people who are good at learning foreign languages
C.people who can speak two languages
D.active language learners
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。英国一所大学最新研究表明:学习第二语言可提高智力。阅读本文,有利于激发学生学习第二语言的兴趣。
答案及剖析:
32.C 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。作者在本文第一段中就提出了主题,然后下文围绕这一主题进行深入阐述,即“语言学习可以提高你的智力”。
33.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。作者在第二段中把语言学习对大脑的促进作用比作体育锻炼对强健肌肉的促进作用,也就是说,语言学习对大脑有类似的促进作用。再根据“Researchers...changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.”可知,语言学习对大脑的促进作用表现在改变grey
matter上。
34.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第五段可知双语者的大脑灰质密度比没有学第二语言的人大。但是一个人在掌握一门新的语言之前,等待的时间越长,这种差异就越小。因此可以推测,越早学习第二语言,大脑灰质密度越高。
35.C 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词义的能力。根据该词后的“who had learnt a second language before the age of five”可知该词指能说两种语言的人。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Does this situation seem familiar to you Your English is progressing well,the grammar is now familiar,the reading comprehension is no problem,and you are speaking quite fluently.36.
First of all,remember that you are not alone.Listening is probably the most difficult job for almost all learners of English as a foreign language.The most important thing is to listen as often as possible.37. The Internet is really a useful tool for English students.You can download The RealPlayer.The RealPlayer allows you to use the Internet like a radio station.
Once you have begun to listen on a regular basis,you might still be frustrated by limited understanding.38.
Here is some of the advice I give my students:
·Accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything.
·Stay relaxed when you do not understand,and try listening to the material for more times.
·Do not translate everything into your native language.
·39. Don't concentrate on details before you have understood the main ideas.
·Listen to something you enjoy.
I remember the problems I had in understanding spoken German when I first went to Germany.In the beginning,when I didn't understand a word,I insisted on translating it in my mind.This method usually resulted in confusion.40.
Firstly,translating creates a barrier between the listener and the speaker.
Secondly,most people repeat themselves constantly.By remaining calm,I noticed that even if I did not pay much attention I could usually understand what the speaker had said.
A.What should you do
B.Listen for the general idea of the conversation.
C.But you can't follow a native English speaker at all!
D.But listening is a problem for most of the beginners!
E.So,what you need to do is to find listening resources.
F.However,after several weeks,I got used to the new environment in Germany.
G.Then,after the first six months,I discovered two extremely important facts.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学习者在学习英语时遇到的最大问题——听力,并介绍了几种提高英语听力的方法。阅读本文,有利于学生迅速提高英语听力水平。
答案及剖析:
36.C 考查学生理解篇章段内衔接关系的能力。前文提到“你的英语进步很大,语法也不错,阅读理解也很好,你也说得很流利”,再根据下一段指出听力是几乎所有英语学习者的最大障碍,可见C项承上启下,故选C项。
37.E 考查学生理解篇章段内句间衔接关系的能力。前文指出最重要的是要尽可能多听,后文指出因特网是一个有用的工具,指出了具体的学习途径,即如何去寻找学习资源。E项与下文衔接紧密,故选E项。
38.A 考查学生理解篇章段内衔接关系的能力。前文提到有规律地听,但你仍然可能理解不了,后文有针对性地给出了一些建议,故A项符合语境。
39.B 考查学生理解段落主题句与段内衔接关系的能力。后文提到在弄清大意之前不要关注细节,“the main ideas”与“the general idea of the conversation”是同义词组,故选B项。
40.G 考查学生理解篇章段内句间衔接关系的能力。根据后文的“Firstly,...Secondly,...”可知,下文讲述了两个要点,G项中的“two extremely important facts”是总述,故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Itzhak Perlman,the world famous violinist,got polio (脊髓灰质炎) as a child. 41 ,you know that getting on stage is not easy for him.
On 18 November,1995,he came on stage to give a 42 at Lincoln Centre in New York City.That night Perlman walked 43 to his chair.Then he sat down and began to play.But suddenly,one of the strings on his violin broke.You could hear it break with a loud 44 .
People thought to themselves,“He would have to get up to either 45 another violin or another string for this one.” But he didn't. 46 ,he waited a moment,closed his eyes and then signaled the conductor to begin again.The orchestra(管弦乐队) began,and he played from where he had 47 .He played with such passion and such power.Of course,everyone knew that it was 48 to play a symphonic work with just three strings.But that night Itzhak Perlman 49 to know that.You could see him changing and recomposing the piece in his head.
When he finished,there was a 50 in the room.Then people rose and cheered.We were all 51 ,doing everything we could to show how much we 52 what he had done.He smiled and then he said in a quiet tone,“You know,sometimes it is the artist's task to 53 how much music you can make with what you have left.”
His words have 54 in my mind ever since I heard them.That is also the way of life.Perhaps our 55 in this quickly changing world in which we live is to make music,at first with all that we have,and then,when that is no longer possible,to make music with what we have left.
41.A.At first B.As a result
C.In other words D.In fact
42.A.concert B.speech
C.lecture D.presentation
43.A.quietly B.slowly
C.quickly D.smoothly
44.A.scream B.voice
C.noise D.shout
45.A.find B.buy
C.replace D.deliver
46.A.Moreover B.Fortunately
C.Therefore D.Instead
47.A.stopped B.started
C.forgotten D.continued
48.A.impossible B.unique
C.likely D.unnecessary
49.A.attempted B.expected
C.managed D.refused
50.A.laughter B.discussion
C.silence D.clap
51.A.out of mind B.on our feet
C.at our side D.on our knees
52.A.remembered B.ignored
C.shared D.appreciated
53.A.let out B.put out
C.find out D.give out
54.A.disappeared B.mixed
C.stayed D.changed
55.A.goal B.task
C.belief D.destination
语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。著名小提琴演奏家伊扎克·帕尔曼幼时患脊髓灰质炎,落下残疾。一次,他受邀演奏时,一根琴弦意外断了。然而,他并没有换弦或换琴,而是迅速在脑海里重新谱曲,利用仅剩的三根弦完成了演奏。他认为,艺术家应该学会用手头仅有的东西创作音乐。阅读本文,有利于培养学生乐观向上的生活态度,并学会变通。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
41.B 上文提到帕尔曼小时候患脊髓灰质炎,导致他行动不便。上下文为因果关系,故选B项。
42.A 根据本段第三句“Then he sat down and began to play.”和“the strings on his violin”可知,帕尔曼此行是去参加演奏的,故选A项。
43.B 上文提到幼时所患的脊髓灰质炎导致帕尔曼行动不便,因此他只能“慢慢地”走到舞台中央的座位上。故选B项。
44.C 上文提到一根琴弦突然断了,根据常识可知,弦断的声音用noise,故选C项。
45.A 帕尔曼的琴弦断了,台下的观众们心想他会起身去找根弦或换琴,故选A项。
46.D 根据前句“But he didn't.”可知帕尔曼出乎观众意料并没有更换琴或弦,而是继续演奏。此处用Instead表示转折,故选D项。
47.A 根据上文可知,琴弦断了,演奏暂停,因此推断此处指他从刚才表演暂停的地方重新开始表演,故选A项。
48.A 根据常识可知只用三根弦是“不可能”演奏交响乐的,故选A项。
49.D 此句中的that指的是上文中提到的“用三根弦是不可能演奏交响乐的”,下文“changing and recomposing the piece in his head”提到他在心里重新谱曲,可见他“拒绝”常规做法,故选D项。
50.C 根据下文中的“Then people rose and cheered.”可知,观众们被帕尔曼的创新演绎深深折服,演出刚结束时,全场默默地沉浸其中,意犹未尽,故选C项。
51.B 上文“Then people rose and cheered”提到观众们起身喝彩,可推知此处指观众们一直“站着”以各种方式表达对艺术家精彩演奏的“欣赏之情”,故选B项。
52.D 上文观众站起来欢呼表明他们对帕尔曼精彩表演的欣赏,故选D项。
53.C 和上文帕尔曼用仅有的三根弦演奏呼应,此处指艺术家的任务是弄明白自己能用手头现有的东西可创造多少音乐,故选C项。
54.C 根据下文“in my mind ever since I heard them”可知,此句表示他的话一直留在作者的心里,故选C项。
55.B 此处呼应上文“it is the artist's task to 53 how much music you can make with what you have left”,其中 task是原词复现,故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over 2,200 years ago, Emperor Qinshihuang,the first Emperor in Chinese history,established the first Chinese writing characters.The new characters made writing calligraphy 56. (little) difficult.It allowed people to use characters with more straight strokes,thus 57. (make) it easier to write with brushes.This 58. (create) the Li genre(体裁).Over time, other changes were also made,59. eventually led to the formation of the five genres in Chinese calligraphy.As 60. result,calligraphy became 61. (wide) accepted.Calligraphy also had its practical values because it was a good way to make friends and was more presentable as a gift rather than jewelry or money.Does calligraphy still have these practical functions now Yes.Many people practise calligraphy as a way 62. (raise) their cultural accomplishment(成就).Older people use calligraphic writing as a method to keep fit.They believe that when a person concentrates on 63. (write) calligraphy,his inner happiness is inspired.I had thought computers would lead to the 64. (disappear) of Chinese calligraphy.Now I understand that's not likely to happen.How can you give your boss computer-printed calligraphy as a gift You don't,65. you want him to fire you!
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉字书法的发展简史,最后文章指出练好书法的重要性。阅读本文,有助于学生了解汉字书法的发展历史,传承中华文化。
答案及剖析:
56.less 考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知,此处暗含了比较,所以用比较级。
57.making 考查非谓语动词。此处作结果状语,所以用动词-ing形式。
58.created 考查时态。根据上下文可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的事情,故应用一般过去
时态。
59.which 考查定语从句的关系词。此处是非限制性定语从句,且此处的关系代词指代前面所说的内容,故用which。
60.a 考查固定搭配。as a result是固定搭配,意为“结果”。
61.widely 考查副词。此处指书法被广泛接受。副词widely修饰动词accepted。
62.to raise 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式表目的。
63.writing 考查非谓语动词。concentrate on doing sth.“集中精力做某事”。此处用动词-ing形式作介词on的宾语。
64.disappearance 考查名词。lead to中的to是介词,故其后用名词作宾语。
65.unless 考查连词。根据语境“除非你想让他开除你”可知应填unless。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你叫李华,是我校高一(2)班的学生。你在校报英语专栏中看到了学校英语文化节的一则招募启事。请阅读启事并写一封应征邮件。
要点如下:
1.表明意图;
2.陈述应征目的;
3.说明应征条件(性格、能力等)。
Volunteer wanted
Our English Cultural Festival,which is to be held on December 20-23,is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show and English Speech Contest.If you are interested,please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Miss Zhao at zhaolaoshi@.
注意:1.词数为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Miss Zhao,
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Dear Miss Zhao,
I'm Li Hua,a student from Class 2,Grade 1.I'm writing to apply for the position of a student volunteer.
I really want to obtain this precious opportunity,hoping to improve my communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English.And as an outgoing boy,I get along well with my classmates.Besides,having a good command of English,I have successfully assisted my English teacher in several activities.
If you consider my application,I would be more than grateful.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day when I was 12,my mother gave me an order:I was to walk to the public library,and borrow at least one book for the summer.This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem—inability to read(阅读障碍).
In the library,I found my way into the “Children's Room”.I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random.The cover of a book caught my eye.It presented a picture of a beagle.I had recently had a beagle,the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child.He was my secret sharer,but one morning,he was gone,given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him.I never forgot my beagle.
There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical to my dog.I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover.My eyes ran across the title,Amos,the Beagle with a Plan.Unknowingly,I had read the title.Without opening the book,I borrowed it from the library for the summer.
Under the shade of a bush,I started to read about Amos.I read very,very slowly with difficulty.Though pages were turned slowly,I got the main idea of the story about a dog who,like mine,had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home.That dog was my dog,and I was the little boy in the book.At the end of the story,my mind continued the final scene of reunion,on and on,until my own lost dog and I were,in my mind,running together.When I finished my reading,a stream of tears ran down my checks.It was until then that I realised I have overcome my inability to read.Thus,this was the very first book for me which I had read through and deeply immersed in real sense.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
My mother's call returned me to the real world and I suddenly realised something.
Paragraph 2:
Last year,my mother was so proud that her son was rewarded a PhD (博士学位) in literature.
[思路指引]
1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。
2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。
3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。
4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
One possible version:
My mother's call returned me to the real world and I suddenly realised something.Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.From then on,I kept going to the library more often.In the library,I was exposed to different types of books:detective stories,love stories,poems,fables and so on.My mother encouraged me to spend time doing my favourite thing.Day by day,I finally succeeded in overcoming my inability to read.Moreover,I began to write some stories by myself.When I went to university,I chose literature as my major.
Last year,my mother was so proud that her son was rewarded a PhD(博士学位) in literature.I never told my mother about my “miraculous” experience that summer.It was the very first book that made me what I am today.This year,I began writing my first book on the topic of my beagle.I hope it could be my lifelong career.The power of the words has held.
