Unit 4 Friends forever
Friends and friendship are always a permanent topic.People often say,“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” What kind of friend is a true friend How to make true friends
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
1.主题语境:人与社会——网络媒体与友谊。
2.语篇类型:论说文。
3.课文内容分析:主要讨论了与过去相比交友方式的改变及网络交友的利弊。阅读本文,有利于帮助学生冷静明智地对待虚拟世界的友情。
答案:1.losing track of 2.writing letters 3.Advances 4.social media tools 5.online 6.mean 7.depends
1.How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends (教材第38页)
如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系,你会作何感受
◆lose track of不了解……的情况,不了解……的动态
The two friends lost track of each other in the war.
这两位朋友在战争中失去了联系。
完成句子
①Scientists now use new tools to (跟踪动物).
②The police are (在追踪)some thieves.
单句语法填空
③I don’t know where that old story came from.I’ve never been able to track it .
答案:①keep track of animals ②on the track of ③down
2.Thanks to advances in technology...(教材第38页)
得益于技术的进步……
◆advance n.进步,进展v.前进;进展;促进
It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology...(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)
(独自用餐)并不会让人觉得像科技进步之前所感受的那样孤独……
完成句子
①The subject of the talk is announced a week (提前).
②China has (取得进展)in the research of space technology.
单句语法填空
③Without more training or (advance)technical skills,they’ll lose their jobs.
答案:①in advance∕ahead of time ②made an advance ③advanced
3.Nowadays,we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.(教材第38页)
如今,我们可以一边周游世界,一边仍可与想要与之维持友谊的人们保持联系。
◆stay in touch with与……保持联系
Wherever you are,stay in touch with your parents.
不论你在哪里,都要与父母保持联系。
完成句子
①We (保持联系)with each other after graduation from college.
②Many villagers (失去联系) their families after the earthquake.
③I tried to (取得联系)you yesterday evening,but you were out.
答案:①keep∕stay in touch
②lost touch with∕lost track of
③get in touch with
4.Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.(教材第38页)
通过社交媒体工具,我们能知晓朋友的动向,维系彼此间的友谊。
◆maintain v.保持,维持
We are supposed to maintain the balance in nature.
我们应该维持自然的平衡。
We aim to maintain high standards of customer care.
我们的宗旨是始终以高标准为顾客服务。
单句语法填空
①They have (maintain)a consistently neutral stance.
②I’d like to maintain contact all my previous classmates.
完成句子
③The government struggled to maintain (法律和秩序).
答案:①maintained ②with ③law and order
5.The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests...(教材第39页)
数字时代还可以帮助我们找到志趣相投的人……
◆enable v.使可能,使发生
The new programme enables older people to study at college.
这个新的项目能够让老年人有机会上大学。
单句语法填空
①This dictionary enables you (understand) English words.
②The older children should be able (prepare) a simple meal.
③The software (enable) you to access the Internet in seconds.
答案:①to understand ②to prepare ③enables
6.On social media sites,people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.(教材第39页)
在社交网站上,人们倾向于只发布正面的信息,塑造自己快乐且友善的形象。
◆tend to do sth.倾向于做某事,往往会做某事
While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts,which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
虽然我倾向于买很多书,但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的,这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。
单句语法填空
①Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激),demanding jobs before retirement tended (do)the best on the tests.
(2020年浙江7月卷,阅读理解C)
②I have a (tend)to talk too much when I’m nervous.
③His views tend the extreme.
答案:①to do ②tendency ③to/towards
7.the ability to wait without becoming anxious or angry(教材第42页)
耐心等待而不焦虑或愤怒的能力
◆anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的
He seemed anxious about the meeting.
他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。
单句语法填空
①Plenty of graduates are anxious a job.
②They are anxious (see) Peter win the game.
③I waited for her with (anxious).
答案:①for ②to see ③anxiety
1.What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered (教材第38页)
如果只有通过写信和漫长的等待才能得知远方朋友的消息,你会怎样
◆What if... 要是……会怎样
What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter
假若下起雨来,我们又没处避雨怎么办
What if she finds out that you’ve lost her book
如果她发现你把她的书弄丢了怎么办
完成句子
①加入我们一起吃午饭怎么样
What if for lunch
②万一我生病不能工作的话怎么办
What if I and not be able to work
③要是我们把沙发挪到这边会怎么样
What if over there
答案:①you join us ②should fall sick ③we moved the sofa
2.Whatever our hobbies,the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them,even if they live on the other side of the world.(教材第39页)
不管我们的爱好是什么,我们都能在网上结识同好,哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。
◆让步状语从句
Whatever your job (is),focus on it.
无论你的工作是什么,要全心全意地去做。
单句语法填空
① (where) you go,I will go with you.
② (what)you do,I will support you.
③ (when) you come to my shop,you will be warmly served.
答案:①Wherever∕No matter where
②Whatever∕No matter what
③Whenever∕No matter when
But when you “friend” people online,does this mean that they really are your friends (教材第39页)
然而,在网上跟别人“结为朋友”,这就意味着他们真的是你朋友吗
该句是一个复合句,when引导的是时间状语从句,主句使用了一般疑问句的形式,谓语动词是mean,后面that引导的是宾语从句。
1.Thanks to advances in technology,how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.(教材第38页)
得益于技术的进步我们结交朋友,与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。
◆communicate with与……交流
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually,for those used to working with traditional tools like email,it may feel like a learning curve (曲线).(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
虽然年轻一代更喜欢视觉交流,但对于那些习惯于使用电子邮件等传统工具的人来说,这可能会让人感觉像是一条学习曲线。
As a student,it is important for you to communicate more with your teachers.
作为学生,对你来说多与老师们交流很重要。
单句语法填空
①He has communicated his best wishes the patients.
②Babies learn to communicate words when they are about 13 months old.
③Emoji can help (communicate) feel friendlier,and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
完成句子
④He was eager to (把他的想法传达给)the group.
答案:①to ②in ③communication ④communicate his ideas to
2.Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.(教材第38页)
通过社交媒体工具,我们能知晓朋友的动向,维系彼此间的友谊。
◆are up to在这里相当于are doing,表示正在做某事。
I wish I knew what she and Rutland are up to.
真希望我能明白她和拉特兰到底在忙些什么。
I’m sure he’s up to no good (doing sth.bad).
我敢说他在打什么坏主意。
3.But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.(教材第39页)
但我们需要谨记,我们在社交媒体上看到的,往往不是一个人的全部真面目。
◆keep in mind牢记
You must keep in mind that learning English well is not easy.
你必须牢记,学好英语并不容易。
The teacher told us to learn these words by heart after class.
老师要求我们课后背诵这些单词。
When they designed the shop,they bore the disabled in mind.
他们在设计这家店铺时,考虑到了残疾人(的不便)。
4.But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.(教材第39页)
但是,这并不意味着我们应该因噎废食、弃沙抛金。
◆throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃(这是非常地道的英文表达)
I’d really like to fire this man tomorrow.But if I fire him,his brother will probably leave with him.His brother is one of our best people,and I don’t want to throw the baby out with the bathwater.
我可真想明天就把那个人解雇了。但是,要是我解雇他,他的哥哥也许会和他一起走。他哥哥是我们这儿最好的雇员之一,我可不想因为解雇他弟弟而失去他。
5.Like any good soup,this won’t fail to make you smile when you’re feeling down.(教材第42页)
就像任何美味的汤一样,在你心情低落的时候,它会让你微笑的。
◆fail to do something做某事失败,没有做成某事
She failed to pass the driving test last week.上周她没有通过驾照考试。
完成句子
①To our joy,Mary (成功地把车修好了).
②The old lady (试图站起来),but she was too weak.
③Although it was raining,they (设法按时赶到了医院).
④Betty works very hard,so she (数学考试不会不及格).
答案:①succeeded in repairing the car ②tried to stand up ③managed to get to the hospital in time ④won’t fail to pass the math exam
定语从句(1)
①We can...stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
②Whatever our hobbies,the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them...
③...people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
什么是定语从句 定语从句的位置及作用是什么 通过分析以上各句尝试给出自己的答案。
定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose等。
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.那些正在踢足球的男生来自一班。
That is the boy who saved the little dog.
那就是救了那只小狗的男孩。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person (whom)you talked about on the bus.
你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人是刘先生。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see.
李明就是我想要见的那个男生。
关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替,也可省略。
The man (whom∕who)you met just now is my old friend.你刚才遇见的人是我的老朋友。
3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
足球是大部分男孩喜欢的运动。
This is the book (which) I bought yesterday.
这是我昨天买的那本书。
4.that既可指人,又可指物。指人时相当于who或whom;指物时相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
The number of people that∕who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这个城市的人达到100万。
The person that∕whom you introduced to me is very kind.你给我介绍的那个人很善良。
that和which引导的定语从句的区别
用that不用which的情况 先行词是all,much,few,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等不定代词时
先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词修饰或被the only,the very,the same,the last等限定词修饰时
先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词或先行词被其修饰时
先行词既指人又指物时
主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时
用which不用that的情况 在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that
介词后边用which不用that
We should do everything that is useful to the people.
我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now.
这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。
I bought a great many books,on which I spent all my money that I saved.
我买了很多书,这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。
5.whose是代词的所有格,既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.
我去拜访了一位全国知名的科学家。
I once lived in the house whose windows were very small.我曾经住在一个窗子很小的房子里。
as指物,在定语从句中作主语、表语或状语。
①先行词被such和the same修饰,或句型as many (much)中,从句用as引导。
Such books as you bought are useful.
你买的这些书很有用。
The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago.
这所学校仍旧与十年前一样。
6.先行词为句子,定语从句用as或which引导。
区别:从意义上讲,as含有“正如……一样”之意;从位置上讲,as从句可置于句首,也可在句中或句尾;which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
He didn’t pass the exam,as we had expected.
他没有通过考试,这是我们早就预料到的。
There is lots of air in loose snow,which can keep the cold out.
松散的雪里有很多空气,这有助于御寒。
1.In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.
(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
2.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,formed the core collection of the British Museum opened in 1759.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)
3.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.
(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)
4.They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
5.Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018年浙江卷,语法填空)
答案及剖析:
1.whose 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,这是一个倒装句,此处为定语从句,先行词an artist与paintings构成所属关系,故用whose。
2.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词the British Museum在定语从句中充当主语,且指物,故用which/that。
3.which 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,逗号后是非限制性定语从句,先行词是the pet shop,opened后面缺宾语,故用which。
4.who 考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,修饰指人的先行词their masters,且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词who。
5.who∕that 考查定语从句。先行词是westerners(西方人),定语从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词who或that。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill is important for high school students.
2.A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
3.Yesterday I bought a book I had been looking for.
4.The boy the teacher often praises is Tom.
5.Those want to join in the activity must sign their names here.
答案:1.which∕that 2.whose 3.that∕which或省略
4.whom∕that∕who或省略 5.who
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.凡是值得做的事,都值得做好,这一点应该好好记住。
Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well, .
2.你在报告中描述的这种事现在很少发生。
Such things in the report seldom happen now.
3.Angela和她的家人一起在中国度假的确切时间是2008年。
The exact year in China was 2008.
4.一个月后我们就将实现年初的时候设定的销售目标。
We’ll reach the sales targets in a month at the beginning of the year.
5.洪水过后,在那个地区受苦的人们迫切需要干净的水、药品和住处。
After the flooding,people in that area,urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter.
答案:1.which should be well remembered
2.as you described
3.(that/which)Angela and her family spent together
4.(that/which)we set
5.who/that were suffering
课时作业(七) Unit 4 Part 1
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.In the past four years,our city has changed (significant).
2.They (maintain) their friendship until one of them died.
3.We lost track each other for a long time.
4.I (prefer) jazz to rock music during that time.
5.Thanks our hard work,we can finish the task on time.
6.When I am tired,I tend (make) mistakes.
7.The collector has (acquire) a fine collection of paintings.
8.His words didn’t exactly (inspiring) me.
9.There were only three of us on the (advance) course.
10.He has all the (quality) of a successful businessman.
答案:1.significantly 2.maintained 3.of 4.preferred 5.to 6.to make 7.acquired 8.inspire 9.advanced 10.qualities
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.Communication technology enables people to (保持联系) friends and family members more conveniently.
2.All children will (往往会) suffer from separation from their parents.
3.Students must (牢记)that teachers are also their friends.
4. (多亏) your help,we made it on time.
5. (要是……怎么办)anything should happen to the child
答案:1.stay in touch with 2.tend to 3.keep in mind 4.Thanks to 5.What if
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When you choose a friend,you should be very careful.A good friend can help you study.You can have fun together and make each other happy.Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck,but when you are down,they will run away.How do I know when I have found a good friend I look for certain qualities of character,especially understanding,honesty and reliability (可靠).
Above all else,I look for understanding in a friend.A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling.He is not quick to judge.Instead,he tries to learn from others.He puts himself in the other person’s place,and he tries to think of ways to be helpful.He is also a good listener.
At the same time,however,a good friend is honest.He does not look for faults (过错) in others.He notices their good points.In short,good friends will be honest to each other and accept each other.
Another quality of a friend is reliability.I can always depend on a good friend.If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time,I can be sure that he will be there.If I need a favour,he will do his best to help me.If I am in trouble,he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special.A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.We should enjoy our lives,and we would enjoy our friendship.That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with.A good friend likes the same things I like.We share experience and learn from each other.A good friend has a good sense of humour,too.He likes to laugh with me.That is how we share in the joy of being friends.And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable,honest,and understanding,I know I’ve found a friend!
1.If you have fair-weather friends, .
A.you will become rich
B.you can be sure that you get real friends
C.you will be refused when you get into trouble
D.they will give you all that they have when you need help
2.Which of the following qualities the writer thinks is the most important in choosing a friend
A.Honesty.
B.Understanding.
C.Reliability.
D.A sense of humour.
3.Good friends need to .
A.understand each other’s feelings
B.be helped with money
C.always point out each other’s mistakes
D.have money or luck
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了选择朋友的注意事项。一个好的朋友可以帮助你学习,可以玩在一起,让彼此幸福;不好的朋友会贪图你的钱,当你失意时,他们就会跑掉。阅读本文,有助于促进学生了解真正朋友的特点,正确择友。
答案及剖析:
1.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends.They...they will run away.”可知,不可共患难的朋友会在你遇见困难的时候拒绝你,故选C项。
2.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。 根据第二段中的第一句可知,作者认为选择朋友时,理解是最重要的,故选B项。
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“A good friend tries to ...he tries to think of ways to be helpful.”可知,好朋友要善于理解彼此的感受,故选A项。
B
All of us need friends.We all like to feel close to someone.It is nice to have a friend to talk,laugh and do many things together.Surely,there are times when we need to be alone,and we don’t always want people around us.But we will feel lonely if we never have a good way to call them or write to them.Maybe we will never see them again.But we can make new friends.It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.Families sometimes name their children after a close friend.Many people are named after men and women,if they are friendly to people in town.Some libraries are named in this way.So are some schools.We think of these people when we go to these places.
There is more good news for people,if they have friends.These people live longer than those who don’t have friends.Why It could be that they are happier.Being happy helps you stay well.Or it could be just known that someone cares about you.If someone cares about you,you take better care of yourself.
4.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.None need friends.
B.Making friends is the need in people’s life.
C.We always need friends around us.
D.We need to be alone.
5.Which of the following is the most probable place named after friendly people
A.A factory.
B.A room.
C.A library.
D.A village.
6.This passage mainly tells us .
A.that people are all friends
B.how to name a place after friends
C.how to get to know friends
D.that people need friends
语篇导读:本文为议论文。文章主要谈论了朋友在我们生活中的重要性。阅读本文,有助于增强学生充分认识到朋友的重要性和珍惜友情、珍惜朋友的意识。
答案及剖析:
4.B 段落大意题。考查学生理解段落主旨要义的能力。第一段的第一句是本段的中心句,第三句进一步说明了“有朋友一起说笑一起做事”的美妙感受,第五句谈到无法和朋友联系的孤独感,都是为了论证本段的核心:朋友在生活中的必要性。故选B项。
5.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段的倒数第三句可知,图书馆有可能以某个友善人士的名字来命名,故选C项。
6.D 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知,第一段中的“All of us need friends.”是整篇文章的论点。本文旨在说明人人都需要朋友,故选D项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Last year when Tom graduated from school,he came to Sydney.He didn’t like to work on his father’s farm and hoped 1. (find) a job in the big city.He went from one company to 2. but no one wanted him.With little money 3. (leave),he got to the station,sad and 4. (tire). All he wanted to do was to go back to his small town.It was very late at night and the station was full of people.They were waiting to buy tickets of 5. last train.He bought the last ticket,and he was very happy.
At that time,a woman with a 6. (cry) baby walked to him and asked him to sell her the ticket.He gave her the ticket because he thought they needed it more than he 7. (do).After the train left,he sat on the bench and didn’t know where to go.8. (sudden),an old man came and said,“Young man,I have seen 9. you did to the woman.I am the 10. (own) of a big company.I need a good young man like you.Would you like to work for me ”
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了汤姆毕业后到大城市找工作,却四处碰壁。回家途中,他帮助了一位女士,这个行为帮助他找到了工作。阅读本文,有利于培养学生乐于助人的优良品质。
答案及剖析:
1.to find 考查固定搭配。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,为固定用法。
2.another 考查代词。分析语境可知,此处指“从一个公司到另一个公司”,故应填不定代词another。
3.left 考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构,money与leave之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故应填过去分词。
4.tired 考查形容词。由前面的sad可知,此处应用形容词形式,由句意可知,此处表示“(人)感到疲惫的”,故填tired。
5.the 考查冠词。特指最后一班车,用定冠词the。
6.crying 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词crying作定语,修饰baby,表示“一个正在哭泣的婴儿”。
7.did 考查动词的时态。根据前面的thought和needed可知,此处应用一般过去时。
8.Suddenly 考查副词。此处为置于句首的副词,在句中作状语,故填Suddenly。
9.what 考查宾语从句连接词。所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语,表示事情用what。
10.owner 考查名词。句意:我是一家大公司的老板。故填其名词形式owner,意为“所有者,物主”。Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
1.主题语境:人与自我——友情与约定。
2.语篇类型:小说。
3.课文内容分析:二十年前,两个亲如兄弟的朋友分别各奔前程。他们约定二十年后,在同一地点再相聚。其中一个人如约而至,不见他的朋友吉米,却和一个警察谈起了他的故事。这是短篇小说《二十年后》的节选,并没有结尾。这位警察是谁呢 吉米还会不会如约而至 二十年后,时过境迁,友情还是否依旧 阅读本文,有利于培养学生的想象力和思辩能力。
答案:1.with a scar 2.checking 3.make my fortune 4.on earth 5.whatever/no matter what 6.lost track of 7.turns up
1.The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold,dark night.(教材第44页)
短篇小说《二十年后》开始于纽约一个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚。
◆be set in...以……为背景
The movie is set in a small village in the 1950s.这部电影以20世纪50年代的一个小村庄为背景。
完成句子
①The novel (以……为背景) the old town of London.
②He convinced the police department to allow him to (设立) a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
(2020年天津卷,完形填空)
③The next morning he hired a boat and (出发) to find the well-known painter.
(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)
④After high school,Jennifer attended a local technical college,working to pay her tuition (学费),because there was no extra money (留出) for a college education.
(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读B)
答案:①is set in ②set up ③set out ④set aside
2.He and I were raised here in New York,just like two brothers,together.(教材第44页)
我们俩在纽约一起长大,就像亲兄弟一样。
◆raise v.提升;举起;增加,提高(数量、水平等);饲养
Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on what could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
(2020年浙江卷,语法填空)
几千年来,他们开始越来越少地依赖于能被捕猎或从野外采集的东西,而更多地依赖于他们饲养的动物和他们播种的庄稼。
We were raised on books and computers,highways and cell phones,but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity.(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解D)
我们从小靠书本、电脑、高速公路和手机长大,但现在我们生活在一个没有自来水和电的村庄里。
Best of all,humor raises your energy,and that can have an effect on everything you do at school,at work,or in your personal life.
(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
最重要的是,幽默能提升你的精力,这会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产生影响。
单句语法填空
①On the second day,problems (arise) and she was anxious.
②Look!The sun (rise) so high.
③By about 6000 BC,people had discovered the best crops to grow and animals (raise).(2020年浙江卷,语法填空)
答案:①arose ②rises ③to raise
3.The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.(教材第44页)
第二天一早我就要去西部赚大钱了。
◆make one’s fortune发财
The man made his fortune in his twenties.
这个男子二十几岁就发家致富了。
完成句子
①这位妇人年轻的时候靠卖花为生。
The lady by selling flowers when she was young.
②许多年轻人去了南部赚大钱。
A lot of young people went to the south to .
③虽然下着雪,但士兵们成功抵达了营地。
Though it was snowing,the soldiers to the station.
答案:①made her living ②make their fortune
③made their way
4....no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance...(教材第44页)
……不管日后各自情况如何,不管距离多远……
◆distance n.距离,间距
You can hear dogs bark in the distance in the dark.
你可以听见黑暗中远处的狗叫声。
The cottage is some distance from the road.
小屋离大路有些距离。
单句语法填空
①You should sit straight a distance from your computer.
②The figures the distance seemed to be drawing closer.
③The time we spent together is now a (distance) memory.
答案:①at/from ②in ③distant
We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made,whatever they were going to be.(教材第44页)
我们当时觉得,不管要做什么,二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。
◆have+宾语+宾语补足语
They are having their house painted.
他们的房子在被粉刷。
We now have the problem solved.
我们现在把这个问题解决了。
①在have sth.done(让/使/请别人做某事)结构中,have为使役动词,sth.为宾语,过去分词作宾补,表被动,宾语sth.与宾补done之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
②当其表示“使某事做完”时,可能是主语自己做,也可能是让别人做。此处have可用get替换。
③有时可表示“遭遇/经历某种不幸的事(此事违背主语的意愿)”。
单句语法填空
①He had his finger (cut).
②He had his window (break) to pieces.
翻译句子
③我一定要在周日前完成这项工作。
答案:①cut ②broken
③I must have the work finished before Sunday.
1.Well,we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time,no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.(教材第44页)
反正,那天晚上我们约定,不管日后各自情况如何,不管距离多远,都要在二十年后的同一天、同一时间在这儿再聚。
主句是we agreed that night that...,其中that night在主句中作时间状语,第二个that引导宾语从句,在that引导的宾语从句中有no matter引导的两个并列的让步状语从句。
2.But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive,for he always was the truest,staunchest old chap in the world.(教材第45页)
但是我知道,只要吉米还活着,他就会来这儿和我见面,因为他一直是这个世界上最真诚、最可靠的老伙计。
本句是一个并列复合句。for是并列连词,连接两个并列分句。第一个分句本身又是复合句。I know Jimmy will meet me here是主句,if he’s alive是条件状语从句。
1.We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made,whatever they were going to be.(教材第44页)
我们当时觉得,不管要做什么,二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。
◆work out解决,算出,实现,弄懂
Have you worked out the cost of this trip 你算出这次旅行的花费了吗
单句语法填空
①Betty is really a pleasant person to work in my office.
②The little girl can’t work this problem.Please help her.
③Mr Brown is working a new project now and can’t go to your party.
④Students should study hard in order to work the people successfully in the future.
答案:①with ②out ③on ④for
2.Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left (教材第45页)
你离开后,没有你朋友的消息吗
◆hear from收到……的来信
Have you heard from your parents recently 你最近收到父母的来信了吗
3.I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight,and it’s worth it if my old partner turns up.(教材第45页)
今晚,我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前,只要我的老朋友出现,这一切就都是值得的。
◆turn up(意外地或终于)出现
Yet,when something new turns up,more often than not,we do not even know its name.(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解D)
然而,往往是,当新事物出现时,我们甚至不知道它的名字。
单句语法填空
①The technology,Strano said,could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees self-powered street lamps.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)
②Peter saw a lost case and turned it to the police immediately.
③He turned the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.
(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
④It is impolite for you to turn her offer.
⑤A bright spot for me turned to be reading.(2020年浙江7月卷,七选五)
答案:①into ②in ③to ④down ⑤out
Writing an ending to a story
1.文体类型:读后续写,属于记叙文范畴,常用于根据材料续写一篇合乎情理的短文。
2.要点内容:根据材料提供的人物、情节、时间、地点等要素,发挥合理想象,写一篇逻辑缜密,情节和结构完整的短文。
读后续写 第一段首句常用句式:
So there was nothing we could do but wait.
On hearing this he became agitated and struggled to sit up.
Eventually he calmed himself and began to speak.
For a moment I was too stunned to move.
Then the truth dawned on me.
I stood there,clasping the door handle.
读后续写 第二段首句常用句式:
When he squinted his eyes,he could just make out a house in the distance.
All I could think of was to sit and gawp back.
All I could do was put my back against a tree and keep them off by waving my sword at them.
Over the next few days,I was as gentle as possible with them,because that seemed my best chance of them setting me free.
The whole building was soon ablaze.
阅读教材第44、45页的课文。假设你是吉米·韦尔斯,你会怎么做 展开合理想象,续写一个合理结局。词数为80个左右。
读后续写思路指引:
1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。
2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。
3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。
4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
With excitement and shame,Jimmy Wells walked slowly on the way to the appointed place,hoping that the road has no end.When Jimmy and Bob met 20 years later,they were familiar and strange.Unfortunately,Bob was arrested by Jimmy because Jimmy was a policeman and Bob was a suspect.
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There were a rich couple who were throwing a big New Year party at their house.So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price.They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it.After purchasing all they needed,they called a porter to carry everything and drop them at their home.The porter who came was of an old age,and looked very unhealthy,and his clothes were torn,and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs.
They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home.The old porter quoted just $20,well below the market price.Yet,the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15.The porter was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn.
The couple were very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery.They reached their home and one hour passed,and two hours passed,but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff.
The wife started to get angry at her husband,“I always tell you not to trust such person,but you never listen to me.I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home,he must have disappeared with everything.We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.”
They both left towards the market.On their way near the market,they saw another porter.They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart!The angry wife asked him,“Where is that old thief These are our goods and he was supposed to deliver them.It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.”
When the porter heard the angry wife asking,he turned back.
[写作指导]
1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。
2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。
3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。
4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
One possible version:
When the porter heard the angry wife asking,he turned back.The porter replied,“Madam,please calm down.I’m not a thief.That poor old man was sick since last month.He couldn’t earn enough to even have a single meal of the day.Therefore,he fell down and handed me $15,saying,‘I have taken an advance for this delivery,and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’Madam,he was poor and hungry,but he was an honest man.I was just on the way to completing the old man’s last delivery to your home.”Upon hearing this,the husband had tears in his eyes,and the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes.Suddenly she rushed to the market.Half an hour later,the wife came back with some food in her hand.She passed the food on to the porter,and said sorry to the porter,saying that she shouldn’t suspect them,and took them as thieves.At last,the porter took the goods to their house,and the rich couple changed their attitude to the man like the porter.
课时作业(八) Unit 4 Part 2
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.We could see nothing in the thick fog at a (distant) of two metres,so we got lost.
2.The police worked a plan to catch the thief.
3.She was deeply (shame) of her behaviour at the party.
4.We used to be friends,but lost track each other afterwards.
5.The (appoint) hour of the ceremony is drawing near.
6.He made fortune by selling houses.
7.He (unfold) the map and put it in his pocket.
8.We haven’t (correspond)for three years.
9.The children all have very different (personality).
10.The importance of the town is due to its geographical (locate).
答案:1.distance 2.out 3.ashamed 4.of 5.appointed 6.a/his 7.folded 8.corresponded 9.personalities 10.location
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.We waited for three hours,but he didn’t (出现).
2.The story (以……为背景) the autumn of 1997.
3.We found the way to (解决)this math problem by discussing it.
4.If you keep (吸烟),it will do harm to your health.
5.No one can (发财)without making great efforts.
答案:1.turn up 2.is set in 3.work out 4.smoking 5.make a fortune
阅读理解
A
I think a close friend is someone you get on well with,who helps you when you have problems,who gives you advice,and who always has time for you.I didn’t use to have many close friends when I was at school because I was very shy,but now I have several.They are all women.I think it’s difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex (异性).
—Marie
I think a close friend is someone who you’ve known for a long time,and who you still get on with.They probably have similar hobbies to you so you can do things together.I’ve got three close friends who I was at middle school with and we often go out together (without our parents of course).We often go camping,play football,or walk outside in the open air.
—David
I don’t really have any close friends.I know a lot of people but mainly through work,and the kind of social occasions (场合) when we meet are business dinners and evening parties.I think if you come from a really close family,then friends are a bit unnecessary.I prefer to spend my free time with my family.
—Richard
For me close friends are the people you spend your free time with.I go out at weekends with a group of people,and they are all my close friends.They’re also people who live near me.I don’t think you can have close friends at a distance because you need to be able to see each other often.But I don’t think you need to be doing the same things.I mean I’m at school but none of my friends are.
—Anna
1.Who doesn’t think women and men can be close friends
A.Marie. B.David.
C.Richard. D.Anna.
2.What does Richard say about friends
A.They need to have much in common.
B.They’re less important than family.
C.They must work in the same place.
D.They come from social occasions.
3.What does David enjoy
A.Physical activity.
B.Parent-child camp.
C.Going to evening parties.
D.Playing out in the open alone.
4.What do we know about Anna’s friends
A.They are all women.
B.They all do the same things.
C.They do not live far away.
D.They are all college students.
语篇导读:本文是一篇议论文。四个人就“朋友”这一话题发表了自己的看法。阅读本文,有利于促进学生了解和正确认识朋友的特点,形成正确的交友观。
答案及剖析:
1.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“I think it’s difficult to have a close friend of the opposite sex(异性).”可知,Marie认为男女之间成为密友很困难,故选A项。
2.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“I think if you come from a really close family...free time with my family.”可知,Richard认为朋友不如家人重要。故选B项。
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“We often go camping,play football,or walk outside in the open air.”可知,David喜欢运动,故选A项。
4.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“They’re also people who live near me...see each other often.”可知,Anna的朋友住得比较近,故选C项。
B
Dear Mr Black,
I used to have a really good group of friends.Now they’re all getting into some bad habits.I want to find a new group of friends,but I’m shy.How can I know who are the types of people I should make friends with,and who will accept me
Yours,
Mike
Dear Mike,
You’ve already made a very important step because you’ve realised that it’s time to find new friends.Making and keeping good friends is a challenge for all of us,whether you are shy or not.Since you’ve done this successfully before,one thing is to think back on how you developed friendships in the past.
Probably the best way to make and keep friends is to find others who share your interests.Lasting friendships often develop between people who enjoy the same activities.You also want to be with friends who share your values and goals for life.It just depends on what your own interests are.
The old saying is also true—the best way to have a friend is to be a friend.Reach out to the others who share your interests,sit with them at lunch,invite them to join you in the activities you all like,listen to their thoughts and tell them yours.Being a real friend takes time and effort.With time and effort,I’m sure you will find some very good friends during your school years and you’ll always be in touch after leaving school.
Yours,
Tom Black
5.Mike wrote the letter to .
A.ask Mr Black why people don’t like him
B.ask Mr Black why his old friends left him
C.ask Mr Black for some advice on making friends
D.ask Mr Black to introduce some friends to him
6.Why does Mike want to leave his old friends
A.Because they have formed some bad habits.
B.Because they try to make him smoke and drink.
C.Because they no longer want to spend time with him.
D.Because they have never treated him as a good friend.
7.In Mr Black’s opinion,making and keeping friends is .
A.especially difficult for students
B.just hard for shy people
C.an easy task for some people
D.not so easy
8.In Paragraph 2 of his letter,Mr Black mainly suggests that Mike should make friends with those who .
A.have good goals for life
B.have the same interests as him
C.have a lot of money
D.can set good examples to him
语篇导读:本文由两封信组成。迈克想结交一些新朋友,写信向布莱克先生寻求建议。布莱克先生给了他一些如何交朋友的建议。阅读本文,有利于帮助学生掌握正确交友的技巧。
答案及剖析:
5.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据迈克信中的“How can I know ... who will accept me ”可知,他在向布莱克先生寻求建议,故选C项。
6.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据迈克信中的“Now they’re all getting into ... find a new group of friends...”可知,迈克之所以想离开他原来的那些朋友,是因为他们养成了坏习惯,故选A项。
7.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据布莱克先生信里第一段中的“Making and keeping ... you are shy or not.”可知,他认为交朋友不是件容易的事,故选D项。
8.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据布莱克先生信里第二段中的“Probably the best way to...who share your interests.”以及后面的内容可知,布莱克先生在这一段主要建议迈克要跟与他志趣相投的人交朋友,故选B项。
核心素养提升(Unit 4)
(时间:120分钟,满分:150分)
高考主播音频
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What are the speakers doing ( A )
A.Jogging. B.Swimming.
C.Having a drink.
2.What does the woman mean ( A )
A.She isn't interested in the concert.
B.She is going to a different concert.
C.She will put off writing her paper.
3.What does the man want to have ( B )
A.Pepsi. B.Orange juice.
C.Coca-Cola.
4.At what time does the museum close at the weekend ( C )
A.5:30 pm. B.6:30 pm. C.7:30 pm.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about ( A )
A.A vacation.
B.Tips for travel.
C.Old places.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.How does the woman feel ( C )
A.Pleased. B.Excited. C.Anxious.
7.What do we know about the woman ( C )
A.She ate bad food.
B.She failed her exam.
C.She misses her family.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Why does the man change his appointment ( C )
A.He has another appointment.
B.Dr Martin can't go to work tomorrow.
C.The traffic has been affected by the bad weather.
9.When will the man meet Dr Martin ( A )
A.At 11:00 am next Tuesday.
B.At 10:00 am next Tuesday.
C.At 11:00 am tomorrow.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.What will the man do on Saturday night ( A )
A.Study at home.
B.Go to a movie with a friend.
C.Drive the woman somewhere.
11.How long will the woman have the car on Sunday ( B )
A.About two hours.
B.About four hours.
C.About six hours.
12.What are the speakers trying to do ( B )
A.Argue with each other.
B.Come to an agreement.
C.Organise a party.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.Where does the conversation take place ( B )
A.At a party. B.In a shop.
C.In a game room.
14.Whose birthday is coming ( C )
A.The man's.
B.The woman's brother's.
C.The woman's son's.
15.How much does the woman plan to spend ( C )
A.$50. B.$30. C.$20.
16.What does the woman choose at last ( B )
A.A book about PC games.
B.A magic car.
C.A pencil-box.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What is the probable relationship between the speaker and the listeners ( A )
A.Colleagues.
B.Waiter and customer.
C.Salesman and client.
18.Where is LaFleur Bar ( B )
A.Next to the Irish Pub.
B.Opposite the Greenville Gallery.
C.Across from the Rodolfo Country Club.
19.What needs extra pay ( C )
A.Food. B.Soft drinks.
C.Alcoholic drinks.
20.What does the speaker suggest some listeners do in the end ( B )
A.Drink less at the party.
B.Take public transportation.
C.Invite as many people as possible to the party.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
M:Do you want to run one more lap
W:Yes,I do.But shall we stop and drink some water first
(Text 2)
M:Aren't you going to the concert in the park tonight
W:Even if I didn't have a paper to write,I would rather spend the evening at school.
(Text 3)
W:Let me get you a soft drink.What would you like to have,Coca-Cola or Pepsi
M:It makes no difference actually,but I'd like to have an orange juice if you don't mind.
(Text 4)
M:What time does the museum close today
W:The last tickets are sold at 4:30 pm,which gives you two hours before closing time at 6:30.But we are open on Saturdays and Sundays until 7:30 pm.
(Text 5)
W:Did you enjoy your vacation What was the weather like
M:We had a good time.But it rained every day.Actually,the rain wasn't too bad at all,and it made things cooler.It's fun to travel to new places.
第二节
(Text 6)
M:Hi,Linda.What's wrong with you You don't look so good.
W:Oh,I'm OK.I'm not sleeping very well at the moment,so I'm quite tired.I'm worried about my end-of-term exams.And I've got an essay to write.
M:Oh,sounds you stress too much.Are you eating properly I didn't see you at dinner last night.
W:No,I've lost my appetite.
M:Do you feel sick Why don't you make an appointment to see the doctor
W:Mostly homesick.But I'm all right.I don't need to see the doctor.
(Text 7)
W:Good morning,Harwich Hospital.How may I help you
M:Hello,I have an appointment with Dr Martin tomorrow morning.
W:Oh,who's calling,please
M:It's Adam Welsh.
W:Ah yes,Mr Welsh.Your appointment is at 11:00 am on Tuesday.Is there a problem
M:Well,unfortunately I won't be able to come tomorrow as I live out of town and I've been cut off by last night's sudden snowstorm.Could I possibly have another appointment for the same time next week when the weather will hopefully be better
W:Wait a moment,please.I'll just check.Yes,that'll be fine.
M:Thank you very much.
W:You're welcome.I'll inform Dr Martin of the change.Thank you for calling.
(Text 8)
M:Mum and Dad are leaving for the weekend.We have to figure out a schedule for both of us to use the car.
W:Can I take the car on Saturday I'm going to Danielle's house at noon for her birthday party,and then we're going to the cinema after dinner.
M:I have soccer practice at 1:00 pm tomorrow.Why don't I drop it off at her house on my way back,and you give me a ride home
W:Sure.What are you going to do tomorrow night
M:I'll probably just stay at home and catch up on some schoolwork.
W:So what about Sunday Do you have any plans
M:My friend Dave is picking me up at 10:00 am,and we're going fishing.I'll be back around 2:00 pm.
W:Perfect.I'll use the car when you're gone,and you can have it when you get back.Just make sure it's back in the garage at 6:00 pm when Mum and Dad get home.
(Text 9)
M:How can I help you
W:My son is going to have his 16th birthday party at home.I'd like to get him a gift.
M:What price of gift are you interested in We'll need to know that before we introduce them to you.
W:Well,I usually spend about twenty dollars on a gift.Do you have anything nice for that price
M:How about a pencil-box
W:No,my brother gave him one for his birthday last year.
M:Well,would he enjoy a book on how to play PC games
W:No,he is good enough to write a book himself.He loves playing PC games.
M:Then you can get him this magic car.He must be interested in that.
W:Good idea.I'll take it.
(Text 10)
W:Good morning,everyone.May I have your attention please I just want to tell everyone that the office party is being moved.Instead of being at the Irish Pub,it will be at LaFleur Bar.LaFleur is much closer to the office,so everyone will be able to get there much easier.LaFleur is on the corner of 9th Street,just across from the Greenville Gallery and next to the Rodolfo Country Club.If any of you doesn't know the place,you can ask me for detail information.It has a very nice atmosphere,and even a karaoke stage.The company is paying for a free buffet and soft drinks,though you will have to pay for alcoholic drinks yourself.We hope as many people as possible from the office can come.The party is to celebrate the very profitable year we've had in a fun and enjoyable atmosphere.Also,if you plan on drinking at the party,we strongly encourage you to take the bus or the subway.See you at the party!I hope all of you will come and enjoy the party.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Farah was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother.The exams were over and Farah wanted to invite her friends for a party.
“Farah,aren't you going to invite Hafsa ” her mother asked.Hafsa had been her best friend since childhood.
“Mother,you know I am now a part of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with,” Farah answered.
“Really And what are the rules ” her mother asked.
“Well,only very pretty girls can be part of our group.And Hafsa is so...you know...dark.”
“I cannot believe it,” her mother said angrily.
As Farah left the kitchen,her father called her from the living room.Farah went to her father and paled when she saw the exam report in his hands.“Farah,what has happened to your grades You have failed in Mathematics,” her father said.Farah had no answer.The truth was that the activities of Purple Girls Club left her with very little time for studies.“Farah,it says that you can take part in supplementary exams (补考).If your grades don't improve then,I'll cancel your trip to Spain.” Farah went to her room and called Gina,the leader of Purple Girls Club,“Gina,can you help me to complete my notes before the exams ” Gina laughed.“Exams Who cares about exams ”
One by one,she called her friends in the club but no one seemed to care or wanted to help.Farah knew Hafsa would help her.Farah also knew Hafsa had been hurt by her,but Hafsa said,“If you need any help,just let me know.We can study together till your exams.” Next Monday,as two friends entered the school together,Gina called out.“Farah,you know our rules.You cannot be friends with those who do not belong to our club.”
“Gina,I have a new rule about friendship,” Farah replied.
21.Farah became pale after going to her father because .
A.he didn't allow her to go to Spain
B.she didn't do well in her exams
C.she had to leave Purple Girls Club
D.he asked her to improve her grades
22.Which word can best describe Hafsa
A.Silly. B.Beautiful.
C.Rude. D.Kind.
23.What lesson can we learn from the passage
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.A perfect friend will never be found.
C.Be slow in choosing a friend.
D.Friendship can be developed easily.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个关于朋友的故事,认为患难朋友才是真朋友。作者最终懂得了什么是真正的友谊。阅读本文,有助于学生形成正确的朋友观。
答案及剖析:
21.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第七段中的“...paled when she saw the exam report in his hands.”以及后面的对话可知,Farah脸色苍白是因为考试考得不好,故选B项。
22.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据倒数第二段中的“If you need any help,just let me know.We can study together till your exams.”可知,作者在求助其他朋友无果的时候,是她曾经伤害过的Hafsa帮助了她,由此推断Hafsa很善良,故选D项。
23.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。通读全文可知,作者在需要帮助的时候,她的所谓的好朋友并没有帮助她,而曾经被她伤害过的 Hafsa却帮助了她。我们从文中得到的启示是“患难朋友才是真朋友”。故选A项。
B
Too many people want others to be their friends,but they don't give friendship back.That is why some friendships don't last very long.To have a friend,you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的); be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts.Friends must be able to trust one another.If you don't tell the truth,people usually find out.If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest,you may lose your friend's trust.Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.You don't have to give your lunch money or your clothes,of course.Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy,like your hobbies and your interests.Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.These can be very valuable to a friend.They tell your friend what is important to you.By sharing them,you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem.Something may go wrong at school.Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem.So to be a friend,you must listen and understand.You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike.But all true friendships have these three things in common.If you plan to keep your friendships,you must practice honesty,generosity and understanding.
24.Some friendships don't last very long because .
A.some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back
B.too many people don't know friendship is something serious
C.those who give others friendships receive friendships from others
D.there are too many people who want to make friends
25.According to the passage,honesty is .
A.as important as money
B.more important than anything else
C.the base of a friendship
D.something countable
26.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A.Always tell your friend the truth.
B.A friend who gives you his or her lunch money is a true friend.
C.Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problems.
D.Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.
27.According to the author,how do you help your friend know you better
A.Ask your friend for everything.
B.Don't tell the truth to your friend.
C.Put everything about your friends first.
D.Share your ideas and feelings with your friend.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。本文就如何做一个好朋友给出了三个原则:真诚坦率、宽宏大量和善解人意。阅读本文,有利于培养学生形成正确的朋友观和以诚待人的良好品质。
答案及剖析:
24.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段的前两句可知,友谊不能长久是因为有些人做不到回报友情,故选A项。
25.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第一句可知,诚实是友谊的基础,故选C项。
26.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段第二句可知B项错误,故选B项。
27.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings...you help your friend know you better.”可知,与朋友分享你的想法和感受,有助于你的朋友更好地了解你,故选D项。
C
Thirteen-year-old Kaylee has a lot of friends—532,actually,if you count up her online friends.And she spends a lot of time with them.
But is it possible that Kaylee's online friendships could be making her lonely That's what some experts believe.Connecting online is a great way to stay in touch,they say.However,some experts worry that many kids are so busy connecting online that they might be missing out on true friendships.
Could this be true During your parents' childhoods,connecting with friends usually meant spending time with them in the flesh.Kids played games around a table,not on their phones.When friends missed each other,they picked up the telephone.Friends might even write letters to each other.
Today,most communication takes place online.A typical teen sends 2,000 texts a month and spends more than 44 hours per week in front of a screen.Much of this time is spent on social media platforms (平台).
In fact,in many ways,online communication can make friendships stronger,“There's definitely a positive influence.Kids can stay in constant contact,which means they can share more of their feelings with each other,” says Katie Davis,co-author of an app.
Other experts,however,warn that too much online communication can get in the way of forming deep friendships.“If we are constantly checking in with our virtual words,we will have little time for our real-world friendships,” says Larry Rosen,a professor at California State University.Rosen also worries that today's kids might mistake the “friends” on the social media for true friends in life.However,in tough times,you don't need someone to like your picture or share your blogs.You need someone who will keep your secrets and hold your hand.You would like to talk face to face.
28.What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A.To summarise the text.
B.To tell about true friends.
C.To bring up a discussion.
D.To encourage online friendship.
29.What does the underlined part “in the flesh” mean in Paragraph 3
A.In any case. B.In person.
C.In full measure. D.In advance.
30.What is Katie's attitude towards online communication
A.Worried. B.Unconcerned.
C.Confused. D.Positive.
31.What view does Rosen hold
A.It's wise to turn to friends online.
B.It's easier to develop friendships in reality.
C.Teenagers need focus on real-world friendships.
D.Social media help people stay closely connected.
语篇导读:本文是一篇议论文。现在的青少年把更多的时间用于网络交友,这样的现象让专家很担忧。专家认为青少年如果不断地关注虚拟世界,他们将几乎没有时间在现实世界建立真正的友谊。阅读本文,有利于学生正确对待网络交友,并更多地关注现实中的朋友。
答案及剖析:
28.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。第一段讲述了一名少年在网络上有很多朋友这一现象,第二段就此现象提出了一个疑问。由此推知,第一段目的是提出一个讨论的话题,从而引出下文对这个话题的讨论,故选C项。
29.B 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词汇意义的能力。根据画线短语后的“Kids played games around a table,not on their phones.”可知,在你父母的童年时期,与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏,而不是玩手机。由此推知,in the flesh意为“亲自”,故选B项。
30.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第五段中的“‘There's definitely a positive influence.Kids can...their feelings with each other”可推知,Katie对网络交流持乐观态度,故选D项。
31.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第六段中的“Other experts,however,warn that ...Rosen also worries that ...”可知,如果我们不断关注虚拟世界,我们将几乎没有时间留给现实世界的友谊。Rosen担心孩子们可能会把社交媒体上的朋友错当成生活中真正的朋友。由此推知,Rosen认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊,故选C项。
D
Friendship Day is celebrated every year on the first Sunday in the month of August.People give their loved ones or friends friendship bracelets(手镯) and other gifts to celebrate their friendship.The culture of friendship bracelets is as old as even thousands of years.
After the 1950s,the paracord(伞绳)bracelets became very popular.These were also known as survival bracelets.One of the main reasons is that it was often used for a rescue purpose.Paracord,used in the parachute(降落伞),does not wear away easily and is strong and durable.Because of its light weight,people could carry it along easily.If required,it could be made a very long rope and be used as a rescue rope.Hunters used it to find their way that they could return without getting lost.
Today there are all kinds of paracord bracelets,made of coloured strings.Girls like thinner and colourful bracelets.Many choose to make the bracelets by themselves for their dear friends.This not only appeals more to the feelings of people but also makes them know how much their friends mean to them.People keep the bracelets given by their friends long.Many people choose coloured strings keeping the depth of their friendship in mind.White,yellow,orange and red show the different levels of friendship.Pure friendship is shown in white;the red colour means love.An orange friendship bracelet is given to show strong friendship and yellow as simple friendship.Today,not only do the young people show these friendship bracelets,but even the old do.
Does friendship have an age Yes.Friendship is like the wine,and the older you get,the older and stronger your friendship is.
32.What was the main reason for paracord bracelets becoming popular
A.They could bring you good luck.
B.They could be used as rescue ropes.
C.They were colourful and beautiful.
D.They were used in the parachute.
33.What does the underlined word “durable” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Long-lasting. B.Beautiful.
C.Important. D.Expensive.
34.What can we learn from the passage
A.Friendship Day is the first day of August.
B.Hunters used paracord to catch animals.
C.Orange bracelets mean simple friendship.
D.Many people make the bracelets by themselves.
35.What is the text mainly about
A.The importance of friendship.
B.The culture of friendship bracelets.
C.The ways to celebrate Friendship Day.
D.The history of Friendship Day.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。在“友谊日”这一天,许多人都会赠送友谊手镯或者其他的礼物给自己的朋友,其中友谊手镯已经有数千年的历史了。阅读本文,有利于拓宽学生的知识面,帮助他们更好地维系友谊。
答案及剖析:
32.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“One of the main reasons is that it was often used for a rescue purpose.”可知,其中一个主要原因是它常被用于救援,故选B项。
33.A 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词义的能力。根据上一句“Paracord,used in ... strong and durable.”可知,用于降落伞的伞绳一定要牢固且持久耐用,故选A项。
34.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“Many choose to ... for their dear friends.”及后文内容可知,许多人都亲自制作friendship bracelets送给最亲密的朋友,故选D项。
35.B 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。本文主要介绍了友谊手镯的历史发展和寓意,故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Signs of healthy friendships
Once in a while it's helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be.You might get used to a friendship over time to the point where you don't see room for improvement.And since great friendships are priceless,you should always surround yourself with the kind of people who will lift your spirits,make you laugh,and remind (提醒) you that you are loved.36. Here are characteristics (特征) that strong friendships share.
37.
Friends make you feel comfortable with yourself,so you don't need to act like someone you're not.Your friends know your shortcomings and love you anyway.You are perhaps the “best version” of yourself when you're with your friends.
A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty.True friends won't pretend just to avoid an argument (争论).38. As a result,you'll know where you stand with your friends and won't be afraid to share your true opinions.
They argue in a healthy way.
One of the biggest misunderstandings about good friends is that they never fight.But let's face it: everyone fights.39. In fact,voicing your opinions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that's okay.
Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else,too.
40. That's why great friends will improve your relationship,yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them.A healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart,and that's okay.
A.Arguing isn't unhealthy.
B.Is your friendship as healthy as it can be
C.Good friends dine out together from time to time.
D.Good friends are real and honest with each other.
E.With an unhealthy friendship,you know clearly that something is “off”.
F.Even if you have the best friend,it doesn't hurt to expand your social circle.
G.In a positive friendship,your friends won't lie to you,and they won't hurt your feelings either.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了健康友谊的一些特征。阅读本文,有助于学生学会建立健康的友谊。
答案及剖析:
36.B 考查学生理解上下文语义,建立段落内语义连贯的能力。根据本段第一句以及最后一句可知,B项起承上启下的作用,且B项中的“as healthy as it can be”与上文中的“as healthy as it can be”相照应。故选B项。
37.D 考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。根据本段第一句及第三段第一句可知,D项符合语境,故选D项。
38.G 考查学生理解因果关联意义的信息的能力。根据上文叙述可知此处指朋友不会对你撒谎,也不会伤害你的感情,故选G项。
39.A 考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据本段小标题及空格处所在段落的内容可知,A符合语境,故选A项。
40.F 考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。根据本段小标题及本段内容可知,此处应指你最好的朋友不会影响你扩大自己的社交圈,故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was in primary school,I got into a major argument(争议) with a boy named Tom in my class.I can't 41 what it was about,but I have never forgotten the 42 I learnt that day.
I was 43 that I was right and he was wrong,but he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right.Our teacher decided to teach us a very important lesson and 44 a good idea.She 45 both of us up to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on 46 .In the middle of her desk was a large,round object(物体).I could 47 see that it was black.She asked the boy what colour the object was.“White,” he answered in a 48 voice.
I couldn't believe he said the object was white, 49 it was obviously black!Another 50 started between my classmate and me,this time about the colour of the object.
The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been.We changed 51 ,and now she asked me what the colour of the object was.I had to answer,“White.”It was then 52 I realised I was wrong.In fact,it was an object with two 53 coloured sides,and from his side it was white.Only from my side was it black.
My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day:You must 54 yourself in the other person's shoes and look at the 55 through their eyes in order to truly understand their views.
41.A.think B.remember
C.forget D.determine
42.A.class B.speech
C.text D.lesson
43.A.sure B.told
C.afraid D.persuaded
44.A.kept up with B.went on with
C.came up with D.got along with
45.A.woke B.brought
C.advised D.came
46.A.the other B.other
C.another D.others
47.A.clearly B.happily
C.luckily D.nearly
48.A.sweet B.loud
C.fearful D.grateful
49.A.for B.unless
C.if D.although
50.A.match B.fight
C.argument D.conversation
51.A.desks B.seats
C.attitudes D.places
52.A.when B.before
C.that D.since
53.A.loosely B.frequently
C.differently D.beautifully
54.A.sit B.stand
C.lie D.put
55.A.performance B.loneliness
C.movement D.situation
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者小时候和同学发生争议时,老师巧妙地通过一件事给两人上了一课,让作者意识到要站在他人的立场考虑问题。阅读本文,有利于帮助学生正确处理矛盾,学会换位思考和理解他人。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
41.B 连词but表达转折之意,所以空格处应与forgotten意义相反。
42.D 根据第二段第二句“Our teacher decided to teach us a very important lesson...”和最后一段第一句“My teacher taught me a very important lesson...”可知,应选D项。lesson意为“教训”。
43.A 根据but后的strongly believed可知,应选A项。be sure (that)...意为“确信……”。
44.C 根据空格后的a good idea可知,应选C项。come up with意为“想出,提出(主意、计划、回答等)”。
45.B bring sb.to...意为“把某人带到……”。
46.A the other指两者中的另一个,此处指“讲台的另一边”,故选A项。
47.A 根据下一段第一句“I couldn't believe he said the object was white, 49 it was obviously black!”可知,作者看得很清楚。
48.B 因为他在讲台的一边站着,也看清了物体的颜色,所以他大声(loud)说出了答案。
49.A 由句意可知,第49空前后是因果关系,故选A项。
50.C 作者认为那个物体是黑色的,而同学认为是白色的,再根据第一段第一句中的a major argument可知,此处表示两人又一次开始争论起来。
51.D 老师让作者和他的同学互换位置(places)进行观察。
52.C 此句为强调句,被强调部分是then,故选C项。
53.C 从同学的角度看是白色的,从作者的角度看是黑色的,其实是一个物体两边有不同的颜色。differently意为“不同地”。
54.D put yourself in sb.'s shoes意为“(设想)处于某人的地位或处境”。
55.D 此处指要学会换位思考,situation意为“形势,情况,位置”,故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I am now on my year abroad in Germany as part of my university course.At the 56. (begin) of my time here,I had the chance to meet so many new people and make lots of new friends.It is almost like 57. (start) a new life and can make you feel nervous and lonely at first.But I knew that when I moved to Germany I had to be open and friendly.This is 58. (certain) what I have done since moving here and I have made some great friends along the way.
Next week a friend of 59. (I) is setting off to Spain for the next part of her year abroad.She will be living near a beach and have a lot of fun.But I am also 60. (concern) about her as she will have to start a new life in another new country.She said that she 61. (want) to go back in time very much.
In order 62. (say) goodbye to her,a group of friends and I had a surprise party.We made her a scrapbook (剪贴簿) with photos and memories of her time here so 63. she could take it along! We hope that she has 64. wonderful time in Spain and that she will get along well 65. her new classmates and settle into her new home.
语篇导读:作者在国外留学,一开始感到孤独,后来交了一些朋友,其中一个是与自己有相似经历的朋友。在她离开之前,我们为她举办了欢送会。阅读本文,有利于学生学会珍惜友谊,珍惜现在的美好时光。
答案及剖析:
56.beginning 考查名词。at the beginning of...意为“在……刚开始的时候”。
57.starting 考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。此处作介词like的宾语,故填starting。
58.certainly 考查副词。此处作状语修饰整个句子,故填certainly。
59.mine 考查代词。此处作of的宾语,指代“我的朋友”,应用名词性物主代词,故填mine。
60.concerned 考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作表语。be concerned about意为“关心,挂念”。
61.wanted 考查时态。由“She said that”可知,此处表示过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填wanted。
62.to say 考查固定结构。in order to do...意为“为了做……”。
63.that 考查连词。so that引导目的状语从句,表示“以便”。
64.a 考查冠词。have a wonderful time意为“过得开心”。
65.with 考查固定搭配。get along well with...意为“与……相处融洽”。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
最近,你们班就“是否应该把父母归为亲密好友” 这一话题展开了讨论,你将以下观点和原因进行了总结,并向《21世纪报》投稿。
观点 主要原因
同意 加强了解,促进亲情
不同意 观念不一致,无法自由表达
你的观点 ……
注意:1.词数为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Recently,our class held a heated discussion about whether parents should be classified as close friends.
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Recently,our class held a heated discussion about whether parents should be classified as close friends.Students' opinions are divided.
Some students think highly of it.They think that it is of great benefit to promote the understanding between parents and children,thus contributing to build up a close relationship among family members.But others hold the opposite viewpoint.They are concerned that owing to the generation gap,there must be disagreement about some issues,which will bring about misunderstandings.
Personally,I am in favour of it.Only by communicating and interacting with our parents can we let them know what is happening in our lives so that they can offer timely suggestions and guidance to us.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My friend Mike is not rich.But I think he is the luckiest boy I've ever known.He is one of a large,happy family.
One hot day,we were going to the ball field for a big game.“How hot it is today!” I said.“It is too far to walk to the ball field on a day like this.We'd better take a bus.”
“Yes,it is hot,” said Mike.“So let's go by bus.I think it is all right for me to take a dime(一角硬币) for the bus.”
I followed him into his house.He put his hand into a small bag hanging on the door.Then he brought out some money.After taking one dime,he put the rest of the money back.
“Who owns the money ” I asked.“Is it all right for you to take money from the bag ”
“Yes,” he smiled.“This money belongs to every one of us in the family.When we children earn money,we put it into the bag.Father puts in the most.Then when we need money,we can take it from the bag.The money bag is Mother's idea.She thinks it will teach us to spend money carefully and to know its real value.”
“Doesn't anyone know how much you take ” I asked.
“Oh,no,” said Mike.“Mother says we must trust each other.”
“But couldn't you take out more than you need for the bus ” I asked.
“I could,”answered Mike.“But then there might not be enough money for Jane and Fred.Someone in our family is always needing something.If I take more than I need,there won't be enough to go around.”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
“And how do you children earn money ”I asked.
Paragraph 2:
As we were waiting for the bus,I kept thinking how lucky Mike was.
[思路指引]
1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。
2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。
3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。
4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
One possible version:
“And how do you children earn money ”I asked.“We have many ways to earn money,”he said.“We get up early to sell newspapers in the streets on weekends,or work in the stores in the neighbourhood after school.Sometimes we get paid by looking after the neighbours' children when the parents have to be away from home.Besides,we have a small garden where we grow vegetables all the year around,and we can get money by selling some of them.”
As we were waiting for the bus,I kept thinking how lucky Mike was.He had a happy family in which the family members got on so well,trusting each other,and caring for each other.Moreover,he had a great mother.Her idea of the money bag not only taught the children the real value of money,but also the true meaning of it.Most importantly,it taught them how to be a person of good character.That day,I also learnt a lot from the money bag.
