浙江高考英语阅读理解专项训练（10篇有解析）
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| 名称 | 浙江高考英语阅读理解专项训练（10篇有解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-12-14 20:35:17 | ||
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You may have noticed sudden ,brief twitching (抽动) at some point while your dog was sleeping and wondered if they were dreaming or even expressing some type of discomfort.
These involuntary movements only occur during dream states and usually don’t last long. So is twitching just a normal part of dreaming, or are there times when you should worry
Dogs sleep an average of 12-14 hours each day. While they sleep, a dog’s brain processes information and experiences from the day through dreams. Twitching is often related to active dream cycles in the brain.
According to research by psychologist Stanley Coren, an average-size dog will dream about every 20 minutes, and these dreams will last about a minute. Larger breeds have fewer dreams that last longer-about every 45 minutes for 4 minutes. The opposite is true for smaller breed dogs; they will dream about every 10 minutes for up to 30 seconds.
Dogs experience the same dream stages as humans, including non-rapid eye movement (NREM), short-wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM). During the REM state, a dog’s eyes move around behind their closed eyelids, and the large body muscles are turned off so the dream is not physically acted out. The amount of twitching depends on how much these off switches cramp muscle movement.
If your dog sleeps next to you, they may unintentionally disturb your sleep with their sudden body movements. However, it is often advised not to awaken a dog that is twitching in their sleep unless they are clearly in distress.
A bad dream or night terror could be the cause of these involuntary movements, and they may wake up frightened. Try to avoid touching them so they don’t bite you as a result of being shocked and panicked. Instead, gently call your dog’s name until they respond. Speak calmly and tell them that they are safe and secure after they wake up. While they appear to be pretty active in their sleep, dreaming dogs may be slow to awaken.
1．Which of the following influences how often dogs dream
A．Their sleeping time. B．Their body size.
C．Their daily experiences. D．Their health conditions
2．What does the underlined word “cramp” mean in paragraph 4
A．Stimulate. B．Analyze. C．Restrict. D．Monitor.
3．Why is it advised not to wake up a dog twitching in sleep
A．To avoid being bitten by the dog. B．To ensure the dog adequate sleep.
C．To prevent the dog getting shocked. D．To escape disturbance from the dog.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．How does Dogs’ Brain Work B．Why do Dogs Dream at Night
C．Why do Dogs Twitch in Their Sleep D．How does Dogs’ Twitch Affect Their Sleep
Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. “But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions,” says Sonja Sudimac.
To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.
“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress,” explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.
The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain.
In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.
5．What does the hen-and-egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac
A．Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity.
B．People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems.
C．It’s unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health.
D．It’s hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health.
6．How did researchers collect evidence for the study
A．By quoting authoritative experts.
B．By interviewing healthy volunteers.
C．By researching on a previous theory.
D．By comparing volunteers’ amygdala activities.
7．What contribution did Simone Kühn and his team mainly make
A．Confirming the assumption of nature’s benefits to brain health.
B．Supporting a commonly held view of urban exposure.
C．Revealing the link between age and mental health.
D．Identifying the causes of mental health problems.
8．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Benefits of a regular walk in nature.
B．The focus of the follow-up research.
C．An appeal for living in urban regions.
D．Nature’s positive effects on women and children.
Brazilian artist Néle Azevedo is best known for big public art pieces. The artist carves hundreds of 20 -centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world, where they quickly melt. The faceless sculptures drip and pool into small puddles as time passes. Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.
But is it Yes and (mostly) no.
The mass of melting bodies makes a natural connection to the threat humankind faces due to rising global temperatures. “Its close link with that subject is evident,” said the artist. In addition to the threat of global warming itself, the sheer number of sculptures sitting together also calls attention to the fact that we humans are all in it together. “Such kind of threats also finally put man in his place, his fate is along with the destiny of the planet, and he is not the ‘king’ of nature, but an essential element of it,” continues Azevedo on her website.
“I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite,” she says. “I made small figures that sit on the floor. It doesn’t honor anybody. It does honor the unknown.”
Azevedo explains, “In a few-minute action, the rules of the monument are inverted: in the place of the hero, the unknown; in the place of the solidity of the stone, the momentary process of the ice; in the place of the monument size, the minimum size of the perishable (易毁坏的) bodies.” Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence, and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly.
9．What can we learn about Néle Azevedo’s artworks
A．They are put in public places for artists to appreciate.
B．They are adopted as a way of showing artistic talents.
C．They are linked with the threat of climate change.
D．They are considered as a symbol of unity.
10．Which of the following can best replace the word “inverted” in paragraph 5
A．kept track of B．turned upside down
C．laid emphasis on D．taken into account
11．What can be inferred about the square show from the last paragraph
A．It is permanent by nature.
B．It lacks practical influence.
C．It takes long to see the results.
D．It conveys the artist’s exact intention.
12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Public Interest in Contemporary Art
B．Ice Figures Transforming into Water
C．Responsibility Demanded of Activist Artists
D．Mini Sculptures Echoing the Climate Crisis
Six months ago, 28-year-old Danny Wallace, who earns his living as a TV comic and “ideas” man, had a great idea. What if he started his own country and invited anyone who wanted to join him to become a citizen So, naming himself King Danny I and declaring his one-bedroom flat in East London an independent state, he set about taking the necessary steps to make his dream come true. He even documented his progress in his BBC2 series How To Start Your Own Country, which comes to the end of its six-week run on Wednesday.
Over the six weeks, Danny explored the possibilities of forming his own country. The first thing on his agenda was to hand in his Declaration of Independence to the prime minister. With this out of the way, he was free to start thinking about writing a constitution and setting up a government. Then he was off to design his own flag and record his own national anthem and even got someone to design possible postage stamps of his country, with his face on them!
The final thing Danny had to do was to find a name for his country. At his request, citizens sent in thousands of suggestions as to what this new country could be called. Ideas ranged from Flatland to Wallaceland! But, in the end, the final selection came down to just two: Home or Lovely. Aiming to become the most democratic democracy in the world where its citizens have the opportunity to enjoy equality, King Danny achieved a world first and let the people decide. Lovely finally stood out.
Whether the country will continue to grow will very much depend on how busy its creator is. And, as Danny Wallace is much in demand for several other TV projects, it might fall to other members of his government to keep things running. But with elections promised every six months, the creation of the University of Lovely and several sporting events planned over the coming weeks, there are plenty of activities to keep the citizens of Lovely occupied for quite a while yet.
13．What does Danny Wallace’s “great idea” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Making a documentary. B．Founding a new country.
C．Owning an independent state. D．Choosing actors for a TV show.
14．What’s crucial to carrying out Danny’s great idea
A．Drafting a constitution. B．Getting official approval.
C．Analyzing the possibilities. D．Composing a national anthem.
15．What can be inferred from the final decision on the name Lovely
A．Lovely beat Home in the final selection.
B．The world is created by ordinary people.
C．The citizens’ rights of a country are respected.
D．Lovely signals the successful rule of King Danny.
16．What’s mainly discussed in the last paragraph
A．The future of Lovely. B．The life of the citizens.
C．The daily routine of Danny Wallace. D．The establishment of the University of Lovely.
The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. About a third of Malagasy children have no access to education because the schools are too far away or severely overcrowded. Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022.
The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. The construction began with the printer pouring a cement-like(水泥状) mixture in a pattern to create the walls. The entire process took just 18 hours! The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. Bougainvillea was 3D printed by 14 Trees, a company with experience printing buildings throughout Kenya and Malawi.
Maggie Grouts, the 22-year-old founder of Thinking Huts, is a senior at the University of Colorado and was just 15 when she started Thinking Huts. Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good.
The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap.
“Thinking Huts hopes to have a Thinking Hut in every community where children do not have a place for education and is fundraising to develop this goal. By using 3D printing, we are combining the potential of technology with architectural solutions that tackle real problems the world faces within education,” says Grouts.
17．What are 3D-printed schools intended for
A．Reducing construction wastes.
B．Helping deal with a shortage of schools.
C．Providing high-quality education for local students.
D．Drawing public attention to 3D-printing technology.
18．Which of the following statements best describes Bougainvillea
A．It has a complex architectural structure.
B．It features strong resistance to bad weather.
C．It is built with the help of the local government.
D．It can hold more students than traditional schools.
19．What can be inferred about Maggie Grouts from the text
A．She is truly creative and warmhearted.
B．She had no access to school as a child.
C．She is devoted to designing 3D-printed products.
D．She raised money for kids from rural areas.
20．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A．The advantages of 3D-printed schools.
B．The wide popularity of 3D-printing technology.
C．The significance of narrowing the global opportunity gap.
D．The impact of 3D-printed buildings on the environment.
When I was in nursing school, I had to focus more on my studies than other aspects of life, and learn so much in a short amount of time. However, the clinical experience of nursing school allowed me to have the opportunity to put what I learned in my classes and readings into action.
One of my favorite experiences during my clinical training was when I had a patient who was first starting chemotherapy (化疗). My nursing instructor Marie told me that patients often experience an anaphylactic (过敏性的) reaction to the medicine when they first start chemotherapy, so it is important to give the medicine at a slower rate. Marie said that if we had a patient who reacted to the medicine, we should stop running the chemotherapy, check the patient’s blood pressure, and then give the appropriate medicine from the emergency kit.
When I checked my patient a couple of minutes after starting his chemotherapy, I asked him questions related to an anaphylactic reaction. I also noticed his face was getting a little red and he looked short of breath. He mentioned having lower back pain, so I immediately stopped the chemotherapy, started taking his blood pressure, and reported it to Marie. His blood pressure was within his normal limits, so we gave him Benadryl via his IV. The Benadryl helped the patient, and we had the Benadryl running when we started his chemotherapy again, but at a slower rate. This time the patient did not have an anaphylactic reaction, and tolerated his chemotherapy well.
This experience taught me how important it is to assess your patient and to teach your patient beforehand about the reaction the patient could have due to the medicine. Marie and I taught our patient about the reactions he could have due to the chemotherapy; due to our teaching, our patient recognized his symptoms and was able to know that what he was experiencing was an expected reaction. During the clinical training, I had many experiences where I had to think on my feet and conduct nursing care quickly. These experiences taught me a lot about how to be a nurse and emphasized the importance of conducting proper patient care.
21．Why did the author stop giving the patient chemotherapy
A．He had high blood pressure.
B．He had a reaction to the medicine.
C．He failed to tolerate the back pain.
D．He refused to answer her questions.
22．According to the author, what played a key role in saving the patient
A．Giving the patient immediate first aid.
B．Making adequate preparations in advance.
C．Assessing the effectiveness of the medicine.
D．Telling the patient the possible reactions of the medicine.
23．Which of the following words best describes the author’s clinical experience
A．Rewarding. B．Dangerous.
C．Interesting. D．Painful.
24．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To express gratitude to her instructor.
B．To encourage others to take up nursing.
C．To share her clinical training experience.
D．To stress the importance of medical treatment.
London, with countless famous sites and all manner of food, drink, shopping, history, and culture, is definitely a wonderful city to visit.
Time Zone
Greenwich Mean Time during the winter, British Summer Time during the rest of the year (starting at Daylight Saving Time).
Best Time to Go
The best time to visit London overall is in spring, when the temperatures have warmed up, the sun has started to shine and London’s gardens and parks are looking their best. However, the reality is that the best time to travel to London depends a lot on what you’re looking for. If you’re all about taking a look inside Queen Liz’s palace, you’d better make it in summer, while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.
Things to Know
Londoners, and English people in general, have a much different manner of interacting with one another than Americans do while an American might think nothing of smiling at a stranger they pass on the sidewalk or asking about work in the first few minutes of a conversation, Londoners might consider it impolite or strange. Don’t mistake this for unfriendliness ;it’s just a cultural difference. Instead, talk about things like movies, TV shows, books, your travels, and the like, instead of work or family.
How to Get Around
Getting around London is unbelievably easy thanks to the well-maintained and extensive Underground. The Underground, unlike American transportation systems which often pay per ride or pay per length of trip, are paid in zones. Fare also varies based on time of day and the method you use to pay. It’s worth getting an Oyster card to make your life that much simpler.
25．Where is this text most probably taken from
A．A survey. B．A travel journal. C．A research paper. D．A guidebook.
26．When is the best time to visit London for people who enjoy a lively atmosphere
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
27．Which of the following is a suitable topic for starting a conversation with Londoners
A．Daily entertainments. B．Future plans.
C．Personal relationships. D．Annual incomes.
While those in education understand the current state of the nation’s literacy (读写能力) crisis, most everyday Americans are dangerously unaware.
According to the U. S. Department of Education, nearly 130 million American adults read below a sixth-grade level. Now, consider how that number represents more than half the adult U. S. population.
That’s not surprising, according to the most recent “Nation’s Report Card” by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP reports that roughly just one-third of students in fourth, eighth and 12th grades are proficient (精通) in reading and have “solid academic performance and demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter.”
In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making. While one-third of students are considered proficient, the statistics are even more alarming for low-income students, students of color and students with disabilities.
Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病) has exposed a growing “digital divide” in which those without access to supportive learning programs and teachers will continue to slide through the cracks.
This is troubling for many reasons. Literacy can be a great equalizer, leveling the playing field across systemic social issues, like race and gender inequality. It plays an enormous role in increasing access to economic opportunity.
It is estimated that increasing literacy proficiency has the potential to generate a lot more in annual income for the United States. And on the individual level, illiteracy can impact a person’s lifetime earning potential by 30-42%.
Still, the benefits of literacy go far beyond someone’s earning ability. Literacy supports social, physical and emotional well-being, and it affects everything from crime rates to hospital admissions to self-confidence.
But challenging as the literacy landscape may seem right now, there is cause for optimism. And the strategy for literacy is simple.
28．What do we know about America’s literacy crisis
A．It dates back about two decades.
B．It is well understood by most Americans.
C．It involves half of the American population.
D．It is mainly caused by the growing digital divide.
29．Why does the author mention three specific groups of students in paragraph 4
A．To attract public attention to these students.
B．To show the seriousness of literacy crisis in America.
C．To stress the inequality in the American education system.
D．To praise the high reading proficiency level of American students.
30．What is a possible result of improved literacy on the individual level
A．Higher crime rates. B．Increased self-confidence.
C．Stronger desire for wealth. D．Equal learning opportunities.
31．What is the author’s attitude to literacy in America
A．Tolerant. B．Ambiguous. C．Doubtful. D．Hopeful.
If, like me, you’re the kind of person who finds it hard to make decisions, then Malcolm Gladwell’s Blink might just be the book you have been waiting for. Because Blink is all about rapid cognition — that is, those moments when we make snap judgements, for example, when meeting someone for the first time or looking at something we’re thinking of buying.
He analyses exactly what goes on in our heads when we make split-second decisions and compares this to the thought processes involved when we take longer to come to a decision. Interestingly he claims that, “There are lots of situations — particularly at times of high pressure and stress — when fortunately haste does not make waste.”
What makes Blink a really interesting read is the number of stories that Gladwell includes to support his theories. One such story involves doctors in the Emergency Room at Cook County Hospital in Chicago. After told to change the way of diagnoses, instead of asking for information such as the patient’s age and weight and medical history, they were going to focus only on the patient’s blood pressure. And now Cook County is one of the best places in the US at diagnosing chest pain.
Of course, there are occasions when we leap to the wrong conclusion. In his research, Gladwell discovered that almost all the CEOs of the top companies in the US are tall. There is no actual relationship between height and intelligence, but for some reason, corporations overwhelmingly choose tall people for leadership roles. There is something going on in the first few seconds of meeting a tall person which makes us think of that person as an effective leader, which unfortunately stops us from making an informed decision.
All in all, Blink is a fascinating study on an activity that we all do several times a day. Read it and make better decisions.
32．What does the underlined word “snap” in the first paragraph mean
A．Instant. B．Decisive. C．Hesitant D．Important.
33．How were doctors at Cook County Hospital able to make better diagnoses
A．By obtaining the patients’ medical history.
B．By basing diagnoses on patients’ blood pressure.
C．By abandoning regular ways of diagnosing patients.
D．By inquiring about current health condition of the patients.
34．What does the author suggest by mentioning leadership roles of tall people
A．Tall people tend to be capable leaders.
B．A person’s height and intelligence are closely related.
C．CEOs of top companies usually draw right conclusions.
D．The first impression of a person can result in bad judgement.
35．What is the purpose of the text
A．To honor a writer. B．To recommend a book.
C．To introduce a research. D．To explain a phenomenon.
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science. When someone hears what I study, I’m usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “why ”. The short answer: I want to be a problem solver, and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person. In addition, I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It’s the beginning of a new year, and a lot of first-years have plans for double or triple majors. However, as most of us quickly realize after that first fall semester, college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices - do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you’re passionate about something, it’s not going to feel like work. Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it’s fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers, you’re only running yourself into the ground. Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years. What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it’s going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.
36．How do people tend to feel about the writer’s majors
A．Impressed or puzzled. B．Ashamed or challenged.
C．Satisfied or confused. D．Amazed or concerned.
37．What enables the writer to enjoy learning Political Science
A．The value of studying the Constitution.
B．The influence of learning engineering.
C．His career planning for the future.
D．His enthusiasm for the major.
38．According to the author, what causes multiple majors’ hard situation in college
A．Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B．Pursuing multiple majors out of competitive motivation.
C．Making random choices without sufficient consideration.
D．Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
39．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B．To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C．To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
D．To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐的现象，以及如何处理这种情况避免被狗咬伤或惊吓到狗。
1．细节理解题。根据第四段“According to research by psychologist Stanley Coren, an average-size dog will dream about every 20 minutes, and these dreams will last about a minute. Larger breeds have fewer dreams that last longer-about every 45 minutes for 4 minutes. The opposite is true for smaller breed dogs; they will dream about every 10 minutes for up to 30 seconds.(根据心理学家斯坦利·科伦的研究，一只中等大小的狗每20分钟会做梦一次，这些梦会持续大约一分钟。体型较大的品种的梦更少，持续时间更长——大约每45分钟做一次，持续4分钟。小型犬的情况正好相反;他们每10分钟做梦一次，持续30秒)”可知，狗的体型会影响狗的做梦频率。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“During the REM state, a dog’s eyes move around behind their closed eyelids, and the large body muscles are turned off so the dream is not physically acted out.(在快速眼动状态下，狗的眼睛在紧闭的眼睑后移动，身体的大块肌肉被关闭，所以梦不会在身体上发生)”以及“The amount of twitching depends on how much these off switches”可知，抽搐的程度取决于这些开关对肌肉运动的限制程度。故画线词意思是“限制”。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Try to avoid touching them so they don’t bite you as a result of being shocked and panicked.(尽量避免碰到它们，这样它们就不会因为受惊而咬你)”可知，建议不要吵醒睡梦中抽搐的狗是为了避免被狗咬伤。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“You may have noticed sudden ,brief twitching (抽动) at some point while your dog was sleeping and wondered if they were dreaming or even expressing some type of discomfort.(你可能会注意到你的狗狗在睡觉时突然短暂的抽搐，想知道它们是在做梦，还是在表达某种不适)”结合文章主要解释了为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐的现象，以及如何处理这种情况避免被狗咬伤或惊吓到狗。可知，C选项“为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
5．D
6．D
7．A
8．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然对人大脑产生的影响。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions(但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有得到解决，也就是说，到底是大自然对大脑产生了影响，还是特定的个体选择生活在农村还是城市地区)”可知，Sonja Sudimac的“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段的“To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin.(为了获得因果证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后的大脑活动进行了检查)”可知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link.(研究结果支持了之前假设的自然和大脑健康之间的正相关关系，但这是首次证明因果关系的研究)”可知，Simone Kühn和他的团队的主要贡献是证实了自然对大脑健康有益的假设。故选A。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.(为了调查自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境和城市环境中散步一小时对母亲和婴儿的压力有何影响)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选B。
9．C
10．B
11．D
12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被视作一种对抗气候变化的艺术。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.(她的作品被环保主义者奉为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。)”可知，她的作品与气候变化的威胁有关。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite(我利用了传统纪念碑的每一个特点，并做了相反的东西)”和第五段的“in the place of the hero, the unknown; in the place of the solidity of the stone, the momentary process of the ice; in the place of the monument size, the minimum size of the perishable (易毁坏的) bodies(代替英雄的，是无名之人；在石头坚固的地方，冰的瞬间变化；在放置纪念碑的地方，是最小尺寸的易腐尸体)”可知，纪念碑规则被颠倒了，划线词inverted的意思是“颠倒的”，和turned upside down意思相近，故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence, and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly.(最初，Azevedo希望她的艺术作品能让人们思考无常，而冰变成水坑的景象无疑出色地做到了这一点。)”可知，她在广场上展示的作品传达了这位艺术家的确切意图，也就是让人们思考。故选D。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The artist carves hundreds of 20 -centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world, where they quickly melt. The faceless sculptures drip and pool into small puddles as time passes. Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.(这位艺术家雕刻了数百个20厘米高、脚踝交叉坐在一起的冰人，把它们放在户外台阶上，放在世界各地的城市广场上，它们很快就会融化。随着时间的推移，这些没有面孔的雕塑滴入小水坑。她的作品被环保主义者奉为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。)”可知，本文主要讲的是巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被视作一种对抗气候变化的艺术，因此最好的题目是B选项“Ice Figures Transforming into Water(冰人变成水)”。故选B。
13．B
14．B
15．C
16．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了28岁的丹尼·华莱士6个月前有了建立自己国家的想法，在六周的时间里，丹尼探索了建立自己国家的可能性。文章介绍了他建立国家的过程和国家的未来发展。
13．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“What if he started his own country and invited anyone who wanted to join him to become a citizen (如果他建立了自己的国家，邀请任何想加入他的人成为公民呢？)”可知，丹尼·华莱士在第一段中的“伟大的想法”指的是建立一个新国家。故great idea指的是“建立一个新国家”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first thing on his agenda was to hand in his Declaration of Independence to the prime minister. With this out of the way, he was free to start thinking about writing a constitution and setting up a government.(他议程上的第一件事是向首相递交《独立宣言》。这件事解决后，他可以自由地开始考虑制定宪法和组建政府)”可知，实现丹尼的伟大想法的关键是获得官方批准。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But, in the end, the final selection came down to just two: Home or Lovely. Aiming to become the most democratic democracy in the world where its citizens have the opportunity to enjoy equality, King Danny achieved a world first and let the people decide. Lovely finally stood out.(但最终，最终的选择只有两个：Home或Lovely。丹尼国王的目标是成为世界上最民主的民主国家，让公民享有平等的机会，实现了世界上第一个由人民决定的民主国家。Lovely终于脱颖而出了)”由此，我们可以从Lovely这个名字的最终决定中推断出一个国家的公民权利受到尊重。故选C。
16．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Whether the country will continue to grow will very much depend on how busy its creator is. And, as Danny Wallace is much in demand for several other TV projects, it might fall to other members of his government to keep things running. But with elections promised every six months, the creation of the University of Lovely and several sporting events planned over the coming weeks, there are plenty of activities to keep the citizens of Lovely occupied for quite a while yet.(这个国家能否继续发展，很大程度上取决于它的缔造者有多忙。此外，由于丹尼·华莱士在其他几部电视节目中很受欢迎，维持运营的重任可能落到他的政府的其他成员身上。但是，每六个月举行一次选举，拉维大学的成立，以及未来几周计划举行的几项体育赛事，拉维的市民们在相当长一段时间内仍有大量的活动可做)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了Lovely的未来。故选A。
17．B
18．B
19．A
20．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Maggie Grouts在马达加斯加创办3D打印学校的事迹。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. (美丽的岛国马达加斯加存在严重的学校短缺问题。)”及“Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022. (致力于增加全球教育机会的非营利组织Thinking Huts计划通过一系列3D打印学校来解决这一问题，其中第一所学校已于2022年4月建成。)”可知，3D打印学校的目的是帮助解决学校短缺问题。故选B项。
128．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. (这座占地765平方英尺的建筑名为Bougainvillea，将容纳30名学生。)”及“The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. (屋顶、门和窗户都来自当地，墙壁由水泥混合物制成，可以抵抗该地区巨大的环境压力。)”可知，Bougainvillea的建筑特点是抵抗坏天气能力强。故选B项。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good. (Grouts在18个月大的时候从一个农村被收养，她意识到并不是所有的孩子都像她一样幸运，她想要帮助他们。建立3D打印学校的想法来自于她和父亲的头脑风暴，讨论如何将这项技术用于更大的利益。)”可知，Maggie Grouts很有创造力（创办3D打印学校），也很热心（帮助孩子们接受教育）。故选A项。
20．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap. (3D打印方法将施工周转时间从几个月缩短到几天，也降低了成本。这使得在更短的时间内建造更多的学校，减少了建筑的碳足迹。这些在时间、成本和材料上的节省满足了教育基础设施的实际需求，以帮助弥合全球机会差距。)”等内容可知，本段主要讲了3D打印学校的优势。故选A项。
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要分享了她的临床培训经验以及收获。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Marie said that if we had a patient who reacted to the medicine, we should stop running the chemotherapy, check the patient’s blood pressure, and then give the appropriate medicine from the emergency kit.(玛丽说，如果有病人对药物有反应，我们应该停止化疗，检查病人的血压，然后从急救箱里拿出适当的药物)”可知，因为病人有病人对药物有反应，所以作者停止化疗。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This experience taught me how important it is to assess your patient and to teach your patient beforehand about the reaction the patient could have due to the medicine. (这段经历让我明白，评估你的病人，事先告诉你的病人药物可能引起的反应是多么重要)”可知，告诉病人药物可能产生的反应对救病人起了关键作用。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“These experiences taught me a lot about how to be a nurse and emphasized the importance of conducting proper patient care.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者的临床经验是值得的，有意义的。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This experience taught me how important it is to assess your patient and to teach your patient beforehand about the reaction the patient could have due to the medicine. ((这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”以及“These experiences taught me a lot about how to be a nurse and emphasized the importance of conducting proper patient care.( 这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的是分享她的临床培训经验。故选C。
25．D
26．D
27．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段“London, with countless famous sites and all manner of food, drink, shopping, history, and culture, is definitely a wonderful city to visit.(伦敦有无数的著名景点和各种各样的食物、饮料、购物、历史和文化，绝对是一个值得游览的好城市)”结合文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议可推知，文章可能选自旅行指南。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you’re all about taking a look inside Queen Liz’s palace, you’d better make it in summer, while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.(如果你想参观莉兹女王的宫殿，你最好在夏天去，而对于那些想在圣诞市场和传统欢乐中饱览一番的人来说，冬天是美丽而喜庆的)”可知，对于喜欢热闹气氛的人来说，游览伦敦的最佳时间是冬天。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Instead, talk about things like movies, TV shows, books, your travels, and the like, instead of work or family.(你可以谈论电影、电视剧、书籍、旅行之类的话题，而不是工作或家庭)”可知，日常娱乐主题适合和伦敦人开始对话。故选A。
28．A
29．B
30．C
31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了近1.3亿美国成年人的阅读水平低于六年级，文盲危机涉及一半的美国人口，美国的扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的，因为提高读写能力的方法很简单。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While those in education understand the current state of the nation’s literacy (读写能力) crisis, most everyday Americans are dangerously unaware. (虽然从事教育的人了解美国识字率危机的现状，但大多数普通美国人却危险地不知道)”以及文章第四段“In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年)”可知，美国人的阅读危机可以追溯到大约20年前。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making. While one-third of students are considered proficient, the statistics are even more alarming for low-income students, students of color and students with disabilities.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年。虽然三分之一的学生被认为是优秀的，但对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，统计数据更令人担忧)”可知，对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，阅读这方面的问题是更加的严重的。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第七段“It is estimated that increasing literacy proficiency has the potential to generate a lot more in annual income for the United States. And on the individual level, illiteracy can impact a person’s lifetime earning potential by 30-42% (据估计，提高读写能力有可能为美国带来更多的年收入。在个人层面上，文盲会对一个人一生的收入潜力造成30-42%的影响)”可知，提高读写能力有助于人们追求更多的财富。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But challenging as the literacy landscape may seem right now, there is cause for optimism. And the strategy for literacy is simple.(不过，尽管扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的。提高读写能力的方法很简单)”可知，作者认为扫盲状况看起来有挑战性，但是由于提高读写能力的方法很简单，作者是很乐观的。故选D。
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》一书，可以帮助人快速做出决定。
32．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Because Blink is all about rapid cognition”（因为Blink是关于快速认知的）以及后文“for example, when meeting someone for the first time or looking at something we’re thinking of buying”（例如，当我们第一次见到某人或者看到我们想买的东西的时候。）可知，举例是为了对前文做解释，因而划线词所在句指也就是说，当我们做出立即判断的时候，故画线词意思是“立即”。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“One such story involves doctors in the Emergency Room at Cook County Hospital in Chicago. After told to change the way of diagnoses, instead of asking for information such as the patient’s age and weight and medical history, they were going to focus only on the patient’s blood pressure. And now Cook County is one of the best places in the US at diagnosing chest pain.(其中一个故事涉及芝加哥库克县医院急诊室的医生。在被告知改变诊断方式后，他们不再询问患者的年龄、体重和病史等信息，而是只关注患者的血压。现在库克县是美国诊断胸痛最好的地方之一)”可知，库克县医院的医生根据病人的血压进行诊断，从而做出更好的诊断。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Of course, there are occasions when we leap to the wrong conclusion. In his research, Gladwell discovered that almost all the CEOs of the top companies in the US are tall. There is no actual relationship between height and intelligence, but for some reason, corporations overwhelmingly choose tall people for leadership roles. There is something going on in the first few seconds of meeting a tall person which makes us think of that person as an effective leader, which unfortunately stops us from making an informed decision.(当然，有时我们会草率地得出错误的结论。在他的研究中，格拉德威尔发现，几乎所有美国顶级公司的CEO都是高个子。身高和智力之间并没有实际的关系，但出于某种原因，公司绝大多数都选择高个子的人担任领导职务。在见到一个高个子的人的最初几秒钟，会发生一些事情，让我们认为这个人是一个有效的领导者，不幸的是，这阻止了我们做出明智的决定)”可知，作者提到高个子的领导作用是为了说明对一个人的第一印象会导致错误的判断。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段“If, like me, you’re the kind of person who finds it hard to make decisions, then Malcolm Gladwell’s Blink might just be the book you have been waiting for.(如果像我一样，你是那种很难做决定的人，那么马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》可能就是你一直在等待的书)”以及最后一段“All in all, Blink is a fascinating study on an activity that we all do several times a day. Read it and make better decisions.(总之，《眨眼》是一项关于我们每天都要做几次的活动的迷人研究。阅读它，做出更好的决定)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本书。故选B。
36．A
37．D
38．B
39．D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述大学生不要盲目为了竞争而选择多个专业，一定要是因为热情和激情才去选择多个专业。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“When someone hears what I study, I’m usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “why ”.”(当有人听到我学习的内容时，我通常会有两种反应。首先是一个小小的微笑并且说“太有成就了”。第二种是困惑的表情，接着是夸张的“为什么？”。)可知，当人们听到作者的专业时，有的会很佩服，有的是很困惑。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段“Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it’s fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.”(政治学可能具有挑战性，但对我来说，阅读《宪法》，看看每一个字对我们的解释有什么影响是很有趣的。)和第三段“What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.”(让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。)可知，是热情和激情使得作者喜欢学习政治学。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers, you’re only running yourself into the ground. Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years.”(这听起来可能很难接受，但如果你是双主修或三主修，因为你认为你在与同龄人竞争，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是为了简历上的一个分数而选择双主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下来的四年里将是一个地狱。)可知，在作者看来，选择多个专业让大学生们处在糟糕的状况的原因是，他们只是为了在跟同龄人竞争才选择多个专业的。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据第三段“What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.”(让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。)和最后一段“Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it’s going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.”(当涉及到一个双主修或三主修课程的时间表时，一定要考虑你的“为什么”。因为在一天结束的时候，是你自己在做家庭作业，所以试着享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因为它是值得的。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是在建议人们要带着激情去选择专业，强调激情在多专业中的重要性。故选D。
You may have noticed sudden ,brief twitching (抽动) at some point while your dog was sleeping and wondered if they were dreaming or even expressing some type of discomfort.
These involuntary movements only occur during dream states and usually don’t last long. So is twitching just a normal part of dreaming, or are there times when you should worry
Dogs sleep an average of 12-14 hours each day. While they sleep, a dog’s brain processes information and experiences from the day through dreams. Twitching is often related to active dream cycles in the brain.
According to research by psychologist Stanley Coren, an average-size dog will dream about every 20 minutes, and these dreams will last about a minute. Larger breeds have fewer dreams that last longer-about every 45 minutes for 4 minutes. The opposite is true for smaller breed dogs; they will dream about every 10 minutes for up to 30 seconds.
Dogs experience the same dream stages as humans, including non-rapid eye movement (NREM), short-wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM). During the REM state, a dog’s eyes move around behind their closed eyelids, and the large body muscles are turned off so the dream is not physically acted out. The amount of twitching depends on how much these off switches cramp muscle movement.
If your dog sleeps next to you, they may unintentionally disturb your sleep with their sudden body movements. However, it is often advised not to awaken a dog that is twitching in their sleep unless they are clearly in distress.
A bad dream or night terror could be the cause of these involuntary movements, and they may wake up frightened. Try to avoid touching them so they don’t bite you as a result of being shocked and panicked. Instead, gently call your dog’s name until they respond. Speak calmly and tell them that they are safe and secure after they wake up. While they appear to be pretty active in their sleep, dreaming dogs may be slow to awaken.
1．Which of the following influences how often dogs dream
A．Their sleeping time. B．Their body size.
C．Their daily experiences. D．Their health conditions
2．What does the underlined word “cramp” mean in paragraph 4
A．Stimulate. B．Analyze. C．Restrict. D．Monitor.
3．Why is it advised not to wake up a dog twitching in sleep
A．To avoid being bitten by the dog. B．To ensure the dog adequate sleep.
C．To prevent the dog getting shocked. D．To escape disturbance from the dog.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．How does Dogs’ Brain Work B．Why do Dogs Dream at Night
C．Why do Dogs Twitch in Their Sleep D．How does Dogs’ Twitch Affect Their Sleep
Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. “But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions,” says Sonja Sudimac.
To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.
“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress,” explains Simone Kühn, head of the group.
The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain.
In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.
5．What does the hen-and-egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac
A．Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity.
B．People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems.
C．It’s unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health.
D．It’s hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health.
6．How did researchers collect evidence for the study
A．By quoting authoritative experts.
B．By interviewing healthy volunteers.
C．By researching on a previous theory.
D．By comparing volunteers’ amygdala activities.
7．What contribution did Simone Kühn and his team mainly make
A．Confirming the assumption of nature’s benefits to brain health.
B．Supporting a commonly held view of urban exposure.
C．Revealing the link between age and mental health.
D．Identifying the causes of mental health problems.
8．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A．Benefits of a regular walk in nature.
B．The focus of the follow-up research.
C．An appeal for living in urban regions.
D．Nature’s positive effects on women and children.
Brazilian artist Néle Azevedo is best known for big public art pieces. The artist carves hundreds of 20 -centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world, where they quickly melt. The faceless sculptures drip and pool into small puddles as time passes. Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.
But is it Yes and (mostly) no.
The mass of melting bodies makes a natural connection to the threat humankind faces due to rising global temperatures. “Its close link with that subject is evident,” said the artist. In addition to the threat of global warming itself, the sheer number of sculptures sitting together also calls attention to the fact that we humans are all in it together. “Such kind of threats also finally put man in his place, his fate is along with the destiny of the planet, and he is not the ‘king’ of nature, but an essential element of it,” continues Azevedo on her website.
“I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite,” she says. “I made small figures that sit on the floor. It doesn’t honor anybody. It does honor the unknown.”
Azevedo explains, “In a few-minute action, the rules of the monument are inverted: in the place of the hero, the unknown; in the place of the solidity of the stone, the momentary process of the ice; in the place of the monument size, the minimum size of the perishable (易毁坏的) bodies.” Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence, and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly.
9．What can we learn about Néle Azevedo’s artworks
A．They are put in public places for artists to appreciate.
B．They are adopted as a way of showing artistic talents.
C．They are linked with the threat of climate change.
D．They are considered as a symbol of unity.
10．Which of the following can best replace the word “inverted” in paragraph 5
A．kept track of B．turned upside down
C．laid emphasis on D．taken into account
11．What can be inferred about the square show from the last paragraph
A．It is permanent by nature.
B．It lacks practical influence.
C．It takes long to see the results.
D．It conveys the artist’s exact intention.
12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Public Interest in Contemporary Art
B．Ice Figures Transforming into Water
C．Responsibility Demanded of Activist Artists
D．Mini Sculptures Echoing the Climate Crisis
Six months ago, 28-year-old Danny Wallace, who earns his living as a TV comic and “ideas” man, had a great idea. What if he started his own country and invited anyone who wanted to join him to become a citizen So, naming himself King Danny I and declaring his one-bedroom flat in East London an independent state, he set about taking the necessary steps to make his dream come true. He even documented his progress in his BBC2 series How To Start Your Own Country, which comes to the end of its six-week run on Wednesday.
Over the six weeks, Danny explored the possibilities of forming his own country. The first thing on his agenda was to hand in his Declaration of Independence to the prime minister. With this out of the way, he was free to start thinking about writing a constitution and setting up a government. Then he was off to design his own flag and record his own national anthem and even got someone to design possible postage stamps of his country, with his face on them!
The final thing Danny had to do was to find a name for his country. At his request, citizens sent in thousands of suggestions as to what this new country could be called. Ideas ranged from Flatland to Wallaceland! But, in the end, the final selection came down to just two: Home or Lovely. Aiming to become the most democratic democracy in the world where its citizens have the opportunity to enjoy equality, King Danny achieved a world first and let the people decide. Lovely finally stood out.
Whether the country will continue to grow will very much depend on how busy its creator is. And, as Danny Wallace is much in demand for several other TV projects, it might fall to other members of his government to keep things running. But with elections promised every six months, the creation of the University of Lovely and several sporting events planned over the coming weeks, there are plenty of activities to keep the citizens of Lovely occupied for quite a while yet.
13．What does Danny Wallace’s “great idea” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Making a documentary. B．Founding a new country.
C．Owning an independent state. D．Choosing actors for a TV show.
14．What’s crucial to carrying out Danny’s great idea
A．Drafting a constitution. B．Getting official approval.
C．Analyzing the possibilities. D．Composing a national anthem.
15．What can be inferred from the final decision on the name Lovely
A．Lovely beat Home in the final selection.
B．The world is created by ordinary people.
C．The citizens’ rights of a country are respected.
D．Lovely signals the successful rule of King Danny.
16．What’s mainly discussed in the last paragraph
A．The future of Lovely. B．The life of the citizens.
C．The daily routine of Danny Wallace. D．The establishment of the University of Lovely.
The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. About a third of Malagasy children have no access to education because the schools are too far away or severely overcrowded. Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022.
The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. The construction began with the printer pouring a cement-like(水泥状) mixture in a pattern to create the walls. The entire process took just 18 hours! The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. Bougainvillea was 3D printed by 14 Trees, a company with experience printing buildings throughout Kenya and Malawi.
Maggie Grouts, the 22-year-old founder of Thinking Huts, is a senior at the University of Colorado and was just 15 when she started Thinking Huts. Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good.
The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap.
“Thinking Huts hopes to have a Thinking Hut in every community where children do not have a place for education and is fundraising to develop this goal. By using 3D printing, we are combining the potential of technology with architectural solutions that tackle real problems the world faces within education,” says Grouts.
17．What are 3D-printed schools intended for
A．Reducing construction wastes.
B．Helping deal with a shortage of schools.
C．Providing high-quality education for local students.
D．Drawing public attention to 3D-printing technology.
18．Which of the following statements best describes Bougainvillea
A．It has a complex architectural structure.
B．It features strong resistance to bad weather.
C．It is built with the help of the local government.
D．It can hold more students than traditional schools.
19．What can be inferred about Maggie Grouts from the text
A．She is truly creative and warmhearted.
B．She had no access to school as a child.
C．She is devoted to designing 3D-printed products.
D．She raised money for kids from rural areas.
20．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4
A．The advantages of 3D-printed schools.
B．The wide popularity of 3D-printing technology.
C．The significance of narrowing the global opportunity gap.
D．The impact of 3D-printed buildings on the environment.
When I was in nursing school, I had to focus more on my studies than other aspects of life, and learn so much in a short amount of time. However, the clinical experience of nursing school allowed me to have the opportunity to put what I learned in my classes and readings into action.
One of my favorite experiences during my clinical training was when I had a patient who was first starting chemotherapy (化疗). My nursing instructor Marie told me that patients often experience an anaphylactic (过敏性的) reaction to the medicine when they first start chemotherapy, so it is important to give the medicine at a slower rate. Marie said that if we had a patient who reacted to the medicine, we should stop running the chemotherapy, check the patient’s blood pressure, and then give the appropriate medicine from the emergency kit.
When I checked my patient a couple of minutes after starting his chemotherapy, I asked him questions related to an anaphylactic reaction. I also noticed his face was getting a little red and he looked short of breath. He mentioned having lower back pain, so I immediately stopped the chemotherapy, started taking his blood pressure, and reported it to Marie. His blood pressure was within his normal limits, so we gave him Benadryl via his IV. The Benadryl helped the patient, and we had the Benadryl running when we started his chemotherapy again, but at a slower rate. This time the patient did not have an anaphylactic reaction, and tolerated his chemotherapy well.
This experience taught me how important it is to assess your patient and to teach your patient beforehand about the reaction the patient could have due to the medicine. Marie and I taught our patient about the reactions he could have due to the chemotherapy; due to our teaching, our patient recognized his symptoms and was able to know that what he was experiencing was an expected reaction. During the clinical training, I had many experiences where I had to think on my feet and conduct nursing care quickly. These experiences taught me a lot about how to be a nurse and emphasized the importance of conducting proper patient care.
21．Why did the author stop giving the patient chemotherapy
A．He had high blood pressure.
B．He had a reaction to the medicine.
C．He failed to tolerate the back pain.
D．He refused to answer her questions.
22．According to the author, what played a key role in saving the patient
A．Giving the patient immediate first aid.
B．Making adequate preparations in advance.
C．Assessing the effectiveness of the medicine.
D．Telling the patient the possible reactions of the medicine.
23．Which of the following words best describes the author’s clinical experience
A．Rewarding. B．Dangerous.
C．Interesting. D．Painful.
24．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A．To express gratitude to her instructor.
B．To encourage others to take up nursing.
C．To share her clinical training experience.
D．To stress the importance of medical treatment.
London, with countless famous sites and all manner of food, drink, shopping, history, and culture, is definitely a wonderful city to visit.
Time Zone
Greenwich Mean Time during the winter, British Summer Time during the rest of the year (starting at Daylight Saving Time).
Best Time to Go
The best time to visit London overall is in spring, when the temperatures have warmed up, the sun has started to shine and London’s gardens and parks are looking their best. However, the reality is that the best time to travel to London depends a lot on what you’re looking for. If you’re all about taking a look inside Queen Liz’s palace, you’d better make it in summer, while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.
Things to Know
Londoners, and English people in general, have a much different manner of interacting with one another than Americans do while an American might think nothing of smiling at a stranger they pass on the sidewalk or asking about work in the first few minutes of a conversation, Londoners might consider it impolite or strange. Don’t mistake this for unfriendliness ;it’s just a cultural difference. Instead, talk about things like movies, TV shows, books, your travels, and the like, instead of work or family.
How to Get Around
Getting around London is unbelievably easy thanks to the well-maintained and extensive Underground. The Underground, unlike American transportation systems which often pay per ride or pay per length of trip, are paid in zones. Fare also varies based on time of day and the method you use to pay. It’s worth getting an Oyster card to make your life that much simpler.
25．Where is this text most probably taken from
A．A survey. B．A travel journal. C．A research paper. D．A guidebook.
26．When is the best time to visit London for people who enjoy a lively atmosphere
A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter.
27．Which of the following is a suitable topic for starting a conversation with Londoners
A．Daily entertainments. B．Future plans.
C．Personal relationships. D．Annual incomes.
While those in education understand the current state of the nation’s literacy (读写能力) crisis, most everyday Americans are dangerously unaware.
According to the U. S. Department of Education, nearly 130 million American adults read below a sixth-grade level. Now, consider how that number represents more than half the adult U. S. population.
That’s not surprising, according to the most recent “Nation’s Report Card” by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The NAEP reports that roughly just one-third of students in fourth, eighth and 12th grades are proficient (精通) in reading and have “solid academic performance and demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter.”
In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making. While one-third of students are considered proficient, the statistics are even more alarming for low-income students, students of color and students with disabilities.
Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病) has exposed a growing “digital divide” in which those without access to supportive learning programs and teachers will continue to slide through the cracks.
This is troubling for many reasons. Literacy can be a great equalizer, leveling the playing field across systemic social issues, like race and gender inequality. It plays an enormous role in increasing access to economic opportunity.
It is estimated that increasing literacy proficiency has the potential to generate a lot more in annual income for the United States. And on the individual level, illiteracy can impact a person’s lifetime earning potential by 30-42%.
Still, the benefits of literacy go far beyond someone’s earning ability. Literacy supports social, physical and emotional well-being, and it affects everything from crime rates to hospital admissions to self-confidence.
But challenging as the literacy landscape may seem right now, there is cause for optimism. And the strategy for literacy is simple.
28．What do we know about America’s literacy crisis
A．It dates back about two decades.
B．It is well understood by most Americans.
C．It involves half of the American population.
D．It is mainly caused by the growing digital divide.
29．Why does the author mention three specific groups of students in paragraph 4
A．To attract public attention to these students.
B．To show the seriousness of literacy crisis in America.
C．To stress the inequality in the American education system.
D．To praise the high reading proficiency level of American students.
30．What is a possible result of improved literacy on the individual level
A．Higher crime rates. B．Increased self-confidence.
C．Stronger desire for wealth. D．Equal learning opportunities.
31．What is the author’s attitude to literacy in America
A．Tolerant. B．Ambiguous. C．Doubtful. D．Hopeful.
If, like me, you’re the kind of person who finds it hard to make decisions, then Malcolm Gladwell’s Blink might just be the book you have been waiting for. Because Blink is all about rapid cognition — that is, those moments when we make snap judgements, for example, when meeting someone for the first time or looking at something we’re thinking of buying.
He analyses exactly what goes on in our heads when we make split-second decisions and compares this to the thought processes involved when we take longer to come to a decision. Interestingly he claims that, “There are lots of situations — particularly at times of high pressure and stress — when fortunately haste does not make waste.”
What makes Blink a really interesting read is the number of stories that Gladwell includes to support his theories. One such story involves doctors in the Emergency Room at Cook County Hospital in Chicago. After told to change the way of diagnoses, instead of asking for information such as the patient’s age and weight and medical history, they were going to focus only on the patient’s blood pressure. And now Cook County is one of the best places in the US at diagnosing chest pain.
Of course, there are occasions when we leap to the wrong conclusion. In his research, Gladwell discovered that almost all the CEOs of the top companies in the US are tall. There is no actual relationship between height and intelligence, but for some reason, corporations overwhelmingly choose tall people for leadership roles. There is something going on in the first few seconds of meeting a tall person which makes us think of that person as an effective leader, which unfortunately stops us from making an informed decision.
All in all, Blink is a fascinating study on an activity that we all do several times a day. Read it and make better decisions.
32．What does the underlined word “snap” in the first paragraph mean
A．Instant. B．Decisive. C．Hesitant D．Important.
33．How were doctors at Cook County Hospital able to make better diagnoses
A．By obtaining the patients’ medical history.
B．By basing diagnoses on patients’ blood pressure.
C．By abandoning regular ways of diagnosing patients.
D．By inquiring about current health condition of the patients.
34．What does the author suggest by mentioning leadership roles of tall people
A．Tall people tend to be capable leaders.
B．A person’s height and intelligence are closely related.
C．CEOs of top companies usually draw right conclusions.
D．The first impression of a person can result in bad judgement.
35．What is the purpose of the text
A．To honor a writer. B．To recommend a book.
C．To introduce a research. D．To explain a phenomenon.
I major in Mechanical Engineering and Political Science. When someone hears what I study, I’m usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “why ”. The short answer: I want to be a problem solver, and engineering teaches me how to become that type of person. In addition, I also want to be able to look at the bigger picture.
It’s the beginning of a new year, and a lot of first-years have plans for double or triple majors. However, as most of us quickly realize after that first fall semester, college is a lot! We are unavoidably forced to make choices - do we keep trying to make our double or triple majors work or do we completely switch gears The thing I wished someone told me on day one is if you’re passionate about something, it’s not going to feel like work. Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it’s fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.
This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers, you’re only running yourself into the ground. Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years. What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.
Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it’s going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.
36．How do people tend to feel about the writer’s majors
A．Impressed or puzzled. B．Ashamed or challenged.
C．Satisfied or confused. D．Amazed or concerned.
37．What enables the writer to enjoy learning Political Science
A．The value of studying the Constitution.
B．The influence of learning engineering.
C．His career planning for the future.
D．His enthusiasm for the major.
38．According to the author, what causes multiple majors’ hard situation in college
A．Adjusting the schedule for majors constantly.
B．Pursuing multiple majors out of competitive motivation.
C．Making random choices without sufficient consideration.
D．Estimating the difficulty of multiple majoring inaccurately.
39．What is the author’s purpose of writing the text
A．To promote the concept of multiple majoring.
B．To explain the reasons for choosing a double major.
C．To compare the gains and losses of multiple majoring.
D．To stress the significance of passion in multiple majoring.
参考答案
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐的现象，以及如何处理这种情况避免被狗咬伤或惊吓到狗。
1．细节理解题。根据第四段“According to research by psychologist Stanley Coren, an average-size dog will dream about every 20 minutes, and these dreams will last about a minute. Larger breeds have fewer dreams that last longer-about every 45 minutes for 4 minutes. The opposite is true for smaller breed dogs; they will dream about every 10 minutes for up to 30 seconds.(根据心理学家斯坦利·科伦的研究，一只中等大小的狗每20分钟会做梦一次，这些梦会持续大约一分钟。体型较大的品种的梦更少，持续时间更长——大约每45分钟做一次，持续4分钟。小型犬的情况正好相反;他们每10分钟做梦一次，持续30秒)”可知，狗的体型会影响狗的做梦频率。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“During the REM state, a dog’s eyes move around behind their closed eyelids, and the large body muscles are turned off so the dream is not physically acted out.(在快速眼动状态下，狗的眼睛在紧闭的眼睑后移动，身体的大块肌肉被关闭，所以梦不会在身体上发生)”以及“The amount of twitching depends on how much these off switches”可知，抽搐的程度取决于这些开关对肌肉运动的限制程度。故画线词意思是“限制”。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Try to avoid touching them so they don’t bite you as a result of being shocked and panicked.(尽量避免碰到它们，这样它们就不会因为受惊而咬你)”可知，建议不要吵醒睡梦中抽搐的狗是为了避免被狗咬伤。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“You may have noticed sudden ,brief twitching (抽动) at some point while your dog was sleeping and wondered if they were dreaming or even expressing some type of discomfort.(你可能会注意到你的狗狗在睡觉时突然短暂的抽搐，想知道它们是在做梦，还是在表达某种不适)”结合文章主要解释了为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐的现象，以及如何处理这种情况避免被狗咬伤或惊吓到狗。可知，C选项“为什么狗在睡觉时会抽搐？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
5．D
6．D
7．A
8．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然对人大脑产生的影响。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions(但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有得到解决，也就是说，到底是大自然对大脑产生了影响，还是特定的个体选择生活在农村还是城市地区)”可知，Sonja Sudimac的“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段的“To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin.(为了获得因果证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后的大脑活动进行了检查)”可知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link.(研究结果支持了之前假设的自然和大脑健康之间的正相关关系，但这是首次证明因果关系的研究)”可知，Simone Kühn和他的团队的主要贡献是证实了自然对大脑健康有益的假设。故选A。
8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.(为了调查自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境和城市环境中散步一小时对母亲和婴儿的压力有何影响)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选B。
9．C
10．B
11．D
12．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被视作一种对抗气候变化的艺术。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.(她的作品被环保主义者奉为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。)”可知，她的作品与气候变化的威胁有关。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“I took every characteristic of traditional monuments and made the opposite(我利用了传统纪念碑的每一个特点，并做了相反的东西)”和第五段的“in the place of the hero, the unknown; in the place of the solidity of the stone, the momentary process of the ice; in the place of the monument size, the minimum size of the perishable (易毁坏的) bodies(代替英雄的，是无名之人；在石头坚固的地方，冰的瞬间变化；在放置纪念碑的地方，是最小尺寸的易腐尸体)”可知，纪念碑规则被颠倒了，划线词inverted的意思是“颠倒的”，和turned upside down意思相近，故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Originally Azevedo wanted her art to get people thinking about impermanence, and the sight of ice transforming into a puddle of water certainly does that brilliantly.(最初，Azevedo希望她的艺术作品能让人们思考无常，而冰变成水坑的景象无疑出色地做到了这一点。)”可知，她在广场上展示的作品传达了这位艺术家的确切意图，也就是让人们思考。故选D。
12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The artist carves hundreds of 20 -centimeter-tall ice figures seated with their ankles crossed and places them atop outdoor steps and puts them in city squares all over the world, where they quickly melt. The faceless sculptures drip and pool into small puddles as time passes. Her works have been adopted by environmentalists as a kind of activist art against climate change.(这位艺术家雕刻了数百个20厘米高、脚踝交叉坐在一起的冰人，把它们放在户外台阶上，放在世界各地的城市广场上，它们很快就会融化。随着时间的推移，这些没有面孔的雕塑滴入小水坑。她的作品被环保主义者奉为一种对抗气候变化的激进艺术。)”可知，本文主要讲的是巴西艺术家Néle Azevedo的冰雕作品，她的作品被视作一种对抗气候变化的艺术，因此最好的题目是B选项“Ice Figures Transforming into Water(冰人变成水)”。故选B。
13．B
14．B
15．C
16．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了28岁的丹尼·华莱士6个月前有了建立自己国家的想法，在六周的时间里，丹尼探索了建立自己国家的可能性。文章介绍了他建立国家的过程和国家的未来发展。
13．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“What if he started his own country and invited anyone who wanted to join him to become a citizen (如果他建立了自己的国家，邀请任何想加入他的人成为公民呢？)”可知，丹尼·华莱士在第一段中的“伟大的想法”指的是建立一个新国家。故great idea指的是“建立一个新国家”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first thing on his agenda was to hand in his Declaration of Independence to the prime minister. With this out of the way, he was free to start thinking about writing a constitution and setting up a government.(他议程上的第一件事是向首相递交《独立宣言》。这件事解决后，他可以自由地开始考虑制定宪法和组建政府)”可知，实现丹尼的伟大想法的关键是获得官方批准。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But, in the end, the final selection came down to just two: Home or Lovely. Aiming to become the most democratic democracy in the world where its citizens have the opportunity to enjoy equality, King Danny achieved a world first and let the people decide. Lovely finally stood out.(但最终，最终的选择只有两个：Home或Lovely。丹尼国王的目标是成为世界上最民主的民主国家，让公民享有平等的机会，实现了世界上第一个由人民决定的民主国家。Lovely终于脱颖而出了)”由此，我们可以从Lovely这个名字的最终决定中推断出一个国家的公民权利受到尊重。故选C。
16．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Whether the country will continue to grow will very much depend on how busy its creator is. And, as Danny Wallace is much in demand for several other TV projects, it might fall to other members of his government to keep things running. But with elections promised every six months, the creation of the University of Lovely and several sporting events planned over the coming weeks, there are plenty of activities to keep the citizens of Lovely occupied for quite a while yet.(这个国家能否继续发展，很大程度上取决于它的缔造者有多忙。此外，由于丹尼·华莱士在其他几部电视节目中很受欢迎，维持运营的重任可能落到他的政府的其他成员身上。但是，每六个月举行一次选举，拉维大学的成立，以及未来几周计划举行的几项体育赛事，拉维的市民们在相当长一段时间内仍有大量的活动可做)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了Lovely的未来。故选A。
17．B
18．B
19．A
20．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Maggie Grouts在马达加斯加创办3D打印学校的事迹。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段中“The beautiful island country of Madagascar has a serious school shortage. (美丽的岛国马达加斯加存在严重的学校短缺问题。)”及“Thinking Huts, a non-profit dedicated to increasing global access to education, plans to tackle the issue with a series of 3D-printed schools, the first of which was completed in April 2022. (致力于增加全球教育机会的非营利组织Thinking Huts计划通过一系列3D打印学校来解决这一问题，其中第一所学校已于2022年4月建成。)”可知，3D打印学校的目的是帮助解决学校短缺问题。故选B项。
128．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The 765-square-feet structure, named Bougainvillea, will house 30 students. (这座占地765平方英尺的建筑名为Bougainvillea，将容纳30名学生。)”及“The roof, doors and windows were locally sourced, and the walls were made of a cement mixture that can resist big environmental pressures in the area. (屋顶、门和窗户都来自当地，墙壁由水泥混合物制成，可以抵抗该地区巨大的环境压力。)”可知，Bougainvillea的建筑特点是抵抗坏天气能力强。故选B项。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Adopted from a rural village when she was 18months old, Grout realized that not all kids were as fortunate as her and wanted to help. The idea for the3D-printed schools came to her after brainstorming with her father on ways to use the technology for the greater good. (Grouts在18个月大的时候从一个农村被收养，她意识到并不是所有的孩子都像她一样幸运，她想要帮助他们。建立3D打印学校的想法来自于她和父亲的头脑风暴，讨论如何将这项技术用于更大的利益。)”可知，Maggie Grouts很有创造力（创办3D打印学校），也很热心（帮助孩子们接受教育）。故选A项。
20．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The 3D printing approach shrinks the construction turnaround time from months to days, as well as the cost. This allows more schools to be built in less time and reduces the building’s carbon footprints. And these savings in time, cost and materials meet a real need for education infrastructure (基础设施) to help bridge the global opportunity gap. (3D打印方法将施工周转时间从几个月缩短到几天，也降低了成本。这使得在更短的时间内建造更多的学校，减少了建筑的碳足迹。这些在时间、成本和材料上的节省满足了教育基础设施的实际需求，以帮助弥合全球机会差距。)”等内容可知，本段主要讲了3D打印学校的优势。故选A项。
21．B
22．D
23．A
24．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要分享了她的临床培训经验以及收获。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Marie said that if we had a patient who reacted to the medicine, we should stop running the chemotherapy, check the patient’s blood pressure, and then give the appropriate medicine from the emergency kit.(玛丽说，如果有病人对药物有反应，我们应该停止化疗，检查病人的血压，然后从急救箱里拿出适当的药物)”可知，因为病人有病人对药物有反应，所以作者停止化疗。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This experience taught me how important it is to assess your patient and to teach your patient beforehand about the reaction the patient could have due to the medicine. (这段经历让我明白，评估你的病人，事先告诉你的病人药物可能引起的反应是多么重要)”可知，告诉病人药物可能产生的反应对救病人起了关键作用。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“These experiences taught me a lot about how to be a nurse and emphasized the importance of conducting proper patient care.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者的临床经验是值得的，有意义的。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This experience taught me how important it is to assess your patient and to teach your patient beforehand about the reaction the patient could have due to the medicine. ((这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”以及“These experiences taught me a lot about how to be a nurse and emphasized the importance of conducting proper patient care.( 这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的是分享她的临床培训经验。故选C。
25．D
26．D
27．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议。
25．推理判断题。根据第一段“London, with countless famous sites and all manner of food, drink, shopping, history, and culture, is definitely a wonderful city to visit.(伦敦有无数的著名景点和各种各样的食物、饮料、购物、历史和文化，绝对是一个值得游览的好城市)”结合文章主要说明了游览伦敦的一些建议可推知，文章可能选自旅行指南。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you’re all about taking a look inside Queen Liz’s palace, you’d better make it in summer, while winter is beautiful and festive for those looking to get their fill of Christmas markets and traditional cheer.(如果你想参观莉兹女王的宫殿，你最好在夏天去，而对于那些想在圣诞市场和传统欢乐中饱览一番的人来说，冬天是美丽而喜庆的)”可知，对于喜欢热闹气氛的人来说，游览伦敦的最佳时间是冬天。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Instead, talk about things like movies, TV shows, books, your travels, and the like, instead of work or family.(你可以谈论电影、电视剧、书籍、旅行之类的话题，而不是工作或家庭)”可知，日常娱乐主题适合和伦敦人开始对话。故选A。
28．A
29．B
30．C
31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了近1.3亿美国成年人的阅读水平低于六年级，文盲危机涉及一半的美国人口，美国的扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的，因为提高读写能力的方法很简单。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While those in education understand the current state of the nation’s literacy (读写能力) crisis, most everyday Americans are dangerously unaware. (虽然从事教育的人了解美国识字率危机的现状，但大多数普通美国人却危险地不知道)”以及文章第四段“In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年)”可知，美国人的阅读危机可以追溯到大约20年前。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In fact, this U. S. reading crisis has been 20 years in the making. While one-third of students are considered proficient, the statistics are even more alarming for low-income students, students of color and students with disabilities.(事实上，这场美国阅读危机已经酝酿了20年。虽然三分之一的学生被认为是优秀的，但对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，统计数据更令人担忧)”可知，对于低收入家庭的学生、有色人种的学生和残疾学生来说，阅读这方面的问题是更加的严重的。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第七段“It is estimated that increasing literacy proficiency has the potential to generate a lot more in annual income for the United States. And on the individual level, illiteracy can impact a person’s lifetime earning potential by 30-42% (据估计，提高读写能力有可能为美国带来更多的年收入。在个人层面上，文盲会对一个人一生的收入潜力造成30-42%的影响)”可知，提高读写能力有助于人们追求更多的财富。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But challenging as the literacy landscape may seem right now, there is cause for optimism. And the strategy for literacy is simple.(不过，尽管扫盲状况目前看起来很有挑战性，我们还是有理由感到乐观的。提高读写能力的方法很简单)”可知，作者认为扫盲状况看起来有挑战性，但是由于提高读写能力的方法很简单，作者是很乐观的。故选D。
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》一书，可以帮助人快速做出决定。
32．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Because Blink is all about rapid cognition”（因为Blink是关于快速认知的）以及后文“for example, when meeting someone for the first time or looking at something we’re thinking of buying”（例如，当我们第一次见到某人或者看到我们想买的东西的时候。）可知，举例是为了对前文做解释，因而划线词所在句指也就是说，当我们做出立即判断的时候，故画线词意思是“立即”。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“One such story involves doctors in the Emergency Room at Cook County Hospital in Chicago. After told to change the way of diagnoses, instead of asking for information such as the patient’s age and weight and medical history, they were going to focus only on the patient’s blood pressure. And now Cook County is one of the best places in the US at diagnosing chest pain.(其中一个故事涉及芝加哥库克县医院急诊室的医生。在被告知改变诊断方式后，他们不再询问患者的年龄、体重和病史等信息，而是只关注患者的血压。现在库克县是美国诊断胸痛最好的地方之一)”可知，库克县医院的医生根据病人的血压进行诊断，从而做出更好的诊断。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Of course, there are occasions when we leap to the wrong conclusion. In his research, Gladwell discovered that almost all the CEOs of the top companies in the US are tall. There is no actual relationship between height and intelligence, but for some reason, corporations overwhelmingly choose tall people for leadership roles. There is something going on in the first few seconds of meeting a tall person which makes us think of that person as an effective leader, which unfortunately stops us from making an informed decision.(当然，有时我们会草率地得出错误的结论。在他的研究中，格拉德威尔发现，几乎所有美国顶级公司的CEO都是高个子。身高和智力之间并没有实际的关系，但出于某种原因，公司绝大多数都选择高个子的人担任领导职务。在见到一个高个子的人的最初几秒钟，会发生一些事情，让我们认为这个人是一个有效的领导者，不幸的是，这阻止了我们做出明智的决定)”可知，作者提到高个子的领导作用是为了说明对一个人的第一印象会导致错误的判断。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段“If, like me, you’re the kind of person who finds it hard to make decisions, then Malcolm Gladwell’s Blink might just be the book you have been waiting for.(如果像我一样，你是那种很难做决定的人，那么马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》可能就是你一直在等待的书)”以及最后一段“All in all, Blink is a fascinating study on an activity that we all do several times a day. Read it and make better decisions.(总之，《眨眼》是一项关于我们每天都要做几次的活动的迷人研究。阅读它，做出更好的决定)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本书。故选B。
36．A
37．D
38．B
39．D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讲述大学生不要盲目为了竞争而选择多个专业，一定要是因为热情和激情才去选择多个专业。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“When someone hears what I study, I’m usually meant with two reactions. First up is a small smile with the word “overachiever” on the tip of their tongue. The second is a look of confusion, followed by an exaggerated (夸张的) “why ”.”(当有人听到我学习的内容时，我通常会有两种反应。首先是一个小小的微笑并且说“太有成就了”。第二种是困惑的表情，接着是夸张的“为什么？”。)可知，当人们听到作者的专业时，有的会很佩服，有的是很困惑。故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段“Political Science can be challenging, but to me, it’s fun to read the Constitution (宪法) and see the impact each word has on our interpretation.”(政治学可能具有挑战性，但对我来说，阅读《宪法》，看看每一个字对我们的解释有什么影响是很有趣的。)和第三段“What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.”(让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。)可知，是热情和激情使得作者喜欢学习政治学。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“This may sound hard to accept, but if you are double or triple majoring because you think you’re in a race with your peers, you’re only running yourself into the ground. Don’t double or triple major if you are doing it for a mark on your resume (简历), because then your life will be a living hell for the next four years.”(这听起来可能很难接受，但如果你是双主修或三主修，因为你认为你在与同龄人竞争，你只是把自己撞到地上。如果你是为了简历上的一个分数而选择双主修或三主修，那么你的生活在接下来的四年里将是一个地狱。)可知，在作者看来，选择多个专业让大学生们处在糟糕的状况的原因是，他们只是为了在跟同龄人竞争才选择多个专业的。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据第三段“What is going to make you impressive is the passion that you have - whether it be in your study, career, or something else your career and study will enable you to do.”(让你印象深刻的是你所拥有的激情——无论是在你的学习、职业生涯中，还是在你的职业和学习将使你能够做的其他事情中。)和最后一段“Always think about your “why” when it comes to the schedule a double or triple major entails. Because at the end of the day, it’s going to be you doing the homework - so try to enjoy what you’re doing along the ride for what it’s worth.”(当涉及到一个双主修或三主修课程的时间表时，一定要考虑你的“为什么”。因为在一天结束的时候，是你自己在做家庭作业，所以试着享受你在旅途中所做的一切，因为它是值得的。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是在建议人们要带着激情去选择专业，强调激情在多专业中的重要性。故选D。