人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新）

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人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．What is the woman going to do
A．Pick up her old friend.
B．Have a good time.
C．Meet a guy again.
2．Why is the man tired of life
A．His parents overprotect him.
B．His father protects him too much.
C．His mother protects him too much.
3．What's the man now
A．Technician. B．Graduate. C．Employee.
4．（2018高二上·大理期中）What will the boy probably eat next
A．An apple. B．Vegetables. C．Chocolate cake.
5．When did Tom finish work
A．At 10:00. B．At 6:30. C．At 4:30.
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听材料，回答问题。
6．What do we know about the man's wife
A．She likes reading very much.
B．She's counting the days.
C．She will visit some old friends.
7．Where did the woman probably go last summer
A．Hawaii. B．Europe. C．Egypt.
听材料，回答问题。
8．Where will the two speakers celebrate the Thanksgiving
A．At the woman's home. B．At the man's home. C．At the restaurant.
9．What does the woman plan to do
A．She will cook on her own.
B．She will order a turkey.
C．She will ask her grandmother to help her.
听材料，回答问题。
10．Where is the woman now
A．In Tokyo. B．In London. C．In Oxford.
11．When will the woman see some customers
A．Tomorrow morning. B．This afternoon. C．This evening.
12．What does the man invite the woman to do
A．Have dinner. B．Visit Jane. C．Travel in Tokyo.
听材料，回答问题。
13．Where did the woman go
A．France. B．London. C．America.
14．Which university did the man graduate from
A．Yale University.
B．Cambridge University.
C．University of Oxford.
15．What's the man's job
A．Writer. B．Teacher. C．Journalist.
16．What's the woman's major
A．Math. B．Education. C．English literature.
听材料，回答问题。
17．Where did Mr. White graduate from
A．The University of Oxford.
B．The University of Chicago.
C．The Peking University.
18．What is the speaker
A．A teacher. B．A student. C．A worker.
19．What can we know about Mr. White
A．He comes from England.
B．He is unwilling to work here.
C．He will stay here for at least two years.
20．Which other goals does the school have besides teaching English
A．To teach students how to get along well with foreigners.
B．To promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of the two countries.
C．To teach students American history and culture.
三、阅读理解
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
OPENINGS
AND PREVIEWS
Animals
Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present
the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri
Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.（West Park Presbyterian
Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.）
The
Audience
Helen
Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve
Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring
Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.（Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.）
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel
Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented
as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.（Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.）
On
the Twentieth Century
Kristin
Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph
Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win
a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.（American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.）
21．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about .
A．A type of art. B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
22．Who is the director of The Audience
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
23．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history
A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.
阅读理解
There
was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care. To water his
flowers, he used two buckets (水桶). One was a shiny
and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated
one, which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.
Every
morning, the gardener would fill up the two buckets. Then he would carry them
along the path, one on each side, to the flowerbeds. The new bucket was very
proud of itself. It could carry a full bucket of water without a single drop
spilled. The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it
reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked (渗漏)
along the path.
Sometimes
the new bucket would say, "See how capable I am! How good it is that the
gardener has me water the flowers every day! I don't know why he still uses you.
What a waste of space you are! "
And
all that the old bucket could say was, "I know I am not very useful, but I
can only do my best. I am happy that the gardener still finds a little bit of
use in me, at least. "
One
day, the gardener heard that kind of conversation. After watering the flowers
as usual, he said, "You both have done your work very well. Now I am going
to carry you back, and I want you to look carefully along the path. "
Then
the two buckets did so. All along the path, they noticed, on the side where the
new bucket was carried, there was just bare earth; on the other side where the
old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the
way to the garden.
24．What was the old bucket ashamed of？
A．Its past. B．Its aging. C．Its manner. D．Its leaking.
25．What does the underlined word "dilapidated" probably mean？
A．Dirty. B．Dark.
C．Worn-out. D．Ordinary-looking.
26．The new bucket made conversations with the old one mainly to ____.
A．take pity on the old one B．laugh at the old one
C．show off its good looks D．praise the gardener's kindness
27．Why was the old bucket still kept by the gardener？
A．Because it was used to keep a balance.
B．Because it stayed in its best condition.
C．Because it had its own function.
D．Because it was thought of as a treasure.
阅读理解
China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping, known as "the father of hybrid rice"，to look for new ways of growing the grain.
Now they're celebrating successful efforts to grow rice—in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.
China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2. 35 billion acres of highly saline (含盐的)land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.
"Probably only a small part of the world's saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice, but that would still have a very important effect on food security," Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.
Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.
Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.
A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries. "This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water-poor countries, particularly in North Africa region."
Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized.
28．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice
A．The increase of rice consumers.
B．The high cost of rice producing.
C．The land shortage of rice growing.
D．The severe pollution of fresh water.
29．Yuan's team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in ____.
A．China B．Dubai C．Latin America D．North Africa
30．What can be inferred from the text
A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.
B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.
C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.
D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.
31．What is the author's attitude to the rice-growing experiment
A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Critical. D．Disappointed.
阅读理解
Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology. One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is panies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.
One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry itself through the fields in search of puter-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂). Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also control the equipment through a smartphone.
The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurélien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right chemical amount in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.
Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology. The company has a system called "See & Spray", which it claims was the world's first smart sprayer. The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vice president of business development for Blue River Technology，explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it's an expert in pigweed. "
32．How will AI benefit agriculture
A．It will fund agriculture research.
B．It contributes to low-cost farming.
C．It can avoid harmful chemicals.
D．It frees all farmers from field work.
33．What do the products of the two companies have in common
A．They use recognition technology.
B．They are powered by solar energy.
C．They are connected with smartphones.
D．They can help wanted plants grow rapidly.
34．What do Ben Chostner's words suggest about the robot
A．It is environmentally friendly. B．It is good at self-improving.
C．It has the learning ability. D．It can track various plants.
35．What is mainly talked about in the text
A．The experiment in farming robots.
B．A new trend in artificial intelligence.
C．Modern See & Spray technology.
D．Artificial intelligence in agriculture.
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. 　36． 　 Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.
Cheese
Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 　37． 　 The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter，so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring.
Egg Yolks
Many home cooks think darker egg yolks are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 　38． 　 Darker yolks aren't necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the idea that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素).
Salmon
Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon，which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic astaxanthin (虾青素). 　39． 　 For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying "Color added through feed".
"People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that，" said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 　40． 　 Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of panies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand.
A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.
B. But producers know the difference colors can make.
C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.
D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.
E. Yolk colors vary when chickens live in different climates as well.
F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.
G. Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge flesh colors.
五、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
few days ago, my husband observed a teenager doing yard work that his dad had
told him to do. Instead of doing the task 41． ,
he wandered around there for hours, doing a 42． job.
The
person he hurt the most was himself. His dad was trying to teach him 43． and how to do a good job. As a result of his 44． attitude, he spent the whole
afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours. And the
yard 45． wasn't clean enough when he got through.
He
ruined his day because of his attitude. In addition，his dad was upset with him, and the boy's bad mood ended up 46． the whole family that day.
Contrast
that with a sweet lady working in a fast food 47． . The minute I walked in, she welcomed me 48． . She smiled as she took my order, and then as we 49． the food, she talked with me.
As I walked off with my tray, she said with a big 50． ," I hope you have a blessed day!" I thought the food
tasted better because of her 51． . There was a delay, during which I sat
there hearing her singing as she 52． her tasks behind the counter.
She
wasn't making a large 53． , and she didn't have a powerful
position either. In addition, she stood on her feet for a long shift each day,
often dealing with difficult customers. But she chose to be joyful.
I
want to learn from her. I want to do my best, even when there's no applause or
glory. Other people are watching me even though I might not 54． it at the time. I want to
bring joy to all those around me. The 55． can make a great difference.
41．A．gradually B．happily C．secretly D．suddenly
42．A．difficult B．great C．smart D．bad
43．A．goodness B．safety C．responsibility D．belonging
44．A．poor B．positive C．strange D．efficient
45．A．almost B．even C．still D．ever
46．A．criticizing B．benefiting C．affecting D．controlling
47．A．factory B．restaurant C．supermarket D．company
48．A．warmly B．proudly C．seriously D．coldly
49．A．looked after B．picked up C．waited for D．struggled with
50．A．shout B．smile C．cheer D．voice
51．A．experience B．trust C．courage D．kindness
52．A．performed B．started C．discovered D．planned
53．A．decision B．mistake C．promise D．salary
54．A．limit B．need C．realize D．admit
55．A．lifestyle B．attitude C．habit D．position
六、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China creates "harvest festival" for farmers
China has created a special day for farmers to celebrate the annual harvest, the first festival created by the state 　56． 　(specific) for the country's farmers.
"The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival will fall on the Autumn Equinox (秋分) each year, 　57． 　(start) this year," Han Changfu, minister of agriculture and rural affairs，　58． 　(explain) at a press conference Thursday. "The festival will give greater importance 　59． 　rural work, speed up China's rural vitalization, and push for faster 　60． 　(develop) of agriculture and rural areas," Han said.
"The festival should celebrate farmers, and they 　61． 　(encourage) to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest," Han said. Some activities will be held nationwide，　62． 　most of the celebration will take place at a local level. Local governments can host various activities for the festival, such as folk culture 　63． 　(perform), food tastings and sightseeing.
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival reflects 　64． 　 high value the government places on agriculture, rural areas and rural people, as well as its determination 　65． 　(see) a thriving (繁荣的) agricultural industry, beautiful countryside and well-off farmers.
七、写作(共两节)
66．根据下面提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。
坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1
000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。
联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: GreenLeaf@
注意： 词数80左右
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When
I was in school, I joined an undergraduate program to chat with specific
patients and then discuss it with others. But I had no specific training in
this, and introducing myself to strangers was not one of my natural talents.
On
one special visit, I cautiously entered a darkened room to find an elderly man
lying in the bed. There was no one else in the room, and I firstly thought he
was sleeping. When I moved a little closer to the bed, I realized that he was
very much awake, but also very confused and anxious. He desperately wanted to
communicate something to others, but I couldn't understand what he was saying. He
seemed weak, and I couldn't tell if he was in pain, or just scared. I knew
nothing about this man's life or history, and at that time I felt totally
helpless. He obviously didn't want me to leave, but I felt so lost and
uncomfortable that I had to leave the room after only a couple of minutes.
The
next time I was at the hospital, I was asked to make follow-up visits with the
same list of patients. I expected my time with the confused man to be just as
short as the last time if he was even still alive. It seemed pointless to
prevent myself from trying to talk with someone who was so weak.
As
I arrived at the room, the first thing I noticed was that the lights were on. His
daughter was there chatting with him. He was sitting up in the bed and looked a
bit better than before. I introduced myself to the daughter and explained to
her that I had come by before. Addressing the patient, I then suggested that I
was certain he didn't remember me at all.
Paragraph
1:
Tomysurprise, hecorrectedmeimmediately.
Paragraph
2:
Afterthisvisit, thewordstheoldmansaidtomewerealwaysinmymind.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hey, Mary, what's up
W: Last night I met this great guy at the bar and we had such a wonderful time. We decided to meet again tonight.
【分析】问题： 女士要做什么？根据“Last night I met this great guy at the bar and we had such a wonderful time. We decided to meet again tonight.”昨晚我在酒吧遇到了一个好男人，我们度过了一段美好的时光。我们决定今晚再见面。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Why are you tired of life
M: I have been overprotected by my mother these years. I really want to leave the family and spread my wings.
【分析】问题：为什么男士厌倦了生活？根据“ I have been overprotected by my mother these years. ”这些年我被我妈妈过度保护了。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Can you tell me a little about yourself
M: I am a graduate of a technical university and have been employed as a technician in Company Ford for approximately 10 years.
【分析】问题：男士现在是干什么的？根据“ I am a graduate of a technical university and have been employed as a technician in Company Ford for approximately 10 years.”我是技术大学的毕业生，已经在福特公司担任技术员大约10年了，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Mom, I don't want to eat vegetables. Can I have dessert now I love chocolate cake!
W: You can have some fruit for dessert. If you eat an apple, I might let you have a small piece of chocolate cake.
【分析】考查推理判断题。根据原文 If you eat an apple, I might let you have a small piece of chocolate cake.可知，故答案选A。
【点评】考查根据事实进行的简单的推理、判断。此类试题很难由听力材料直接获取，需在理解、领悟和推理、判断的基础上进行选择。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: It's only 6:30, and you're done! I won't finish work until 10:00. You're very efficient.
W: Well, Tom finished two hours earlier than me.
【分析】问题：Tom 是什么时候完成工作的？根据“It's only 6:30”现在是6:30；以及“Tom finished two hours earlier than me.”汤姆比我早两个小时完成，可知选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Where are you going to take your vacation
M: Hawaii.
W: That sounds like a great place to visit. Is your family going
M: Yes. We plan to go mountain climbing, fishing, swimming, and windsurfing. But most of all, we're planning to relax. My wife is taking a whole bunch of books to read.
W: Your children must all be excited about it.
M: Yes, they are, They're counting the days. Are you going to Europe again this summer
W: No, not this time. We're going to visit some old friends in Egypt.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：关于男士的妻子，我们知道些什么？根据“My wife is taking a whole bunch of books to read.”我妻子带了一大堆书要看。故选A。
7．问题：女士去年夏天可能去哪儿了？根据“ Are you going to Europe again this summer ”今年夏天你还要去欧洲吗？；以及“No, not this time.”不，不是这次，可推知选B。
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Where should we go for lunch this Thanksgiving
W: We can eat at my home. My turkey will be delicious.
M: You're not really going to cook, right Is that a joke
W: Why do you think it's a joke
M: No offence. But don't you remember the last time you cooked You nearly got the house on fire!
W: I remember. That's why I'll ask my grandmother to come to help.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：两位谈话人在哪里庆祝感恩节？根据“ We can eat at my home”我们可以在我家吃，故选A。
9．问题：女士打算做什么？根据“That's why I'll ask my grandmother to come to help.”这就是为什么我会叫我奶奶来帮忙。故选C。
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Tony.
M: Hello, Kate. How are you
W: Oh, fine, thanks, and you and Jane
M: Oh, we are fine. How long are you staying
W: Just a couple of days, and then I'll go back to work in Tokyo.
M: What a pity you are not staying in London for a bit longer. Anyway, how about dinner tonight
W: I'd love to, but I'm seeing some customers from Oxford this evening. What about tomorrow
M: That'll be lovely. Jane will be pleased.
W: What time shall I come
M: How about eight
W: Great. I'll see you tomorrow, then.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：女士现在在哪里？根据“What a pity you are not staying in London for a bit longer. ”可惜你不能在伦敦多呆一段时间。故选B。
11．问题：女士什么时候要见一些顾客？根据“but I'm seeing some customers from Oxford this evening. ”但我今晚要见几个牛津来的客人。故选C。
12．问题：男士邀请女士做什么？根据“Anyway, how about dinner tonight ”不管怎样，今晚一起吃晚饭怎么样？可知选A。
【答案】13．A
14．C
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you all right
W: I'm a bit jet lagged. I just got back from Europe.
M: Which country in Europe did you go
W: France.
M: I spent some time in Paris before I went to London. It's a great city.
W: So did you study in the University of Oxford
M: Yes. And I've just graduated. I'm going to start my first teaching job.
W: I think I'd like to teach, too.
M: What's your major
W: English literature.
M: That's what I'm teaching.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
13．问题：女士去了哪里？根据“Which country in Europe did you go ”你去了欧洲的哪个国家？；以及“France.”法国，故选A。
14．问题：男士是哪所大学毕业的？根据“So did you study in the University of Oxford ”你在牛津大学读书吗？；以及“Yes. And I've just graduated. ”是的，我刚毕业，故选C。
15．问题：男士的工作是什么？根据“ I'm going to start my first teaching job.”我要开始我的第一份教学工作了。故选B。
16．问题：女士的专业是什么？根据“What's your major ”你什么专业？；以及“English literature.”英国文学，故选C。
【答案】17．B
18．A
19．C
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 Ladies and gentlemen, it's my pleasure to welcome our new member, Mr. Tony White, who has just come here from America. Mr. White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago where he majored in English Literature and Teaching English as a Second Language. He is 22 years old. Mr. White will be working mostly in our day-time classes and he will also take some of our evening classes. He will be with us here for at least two years. One of the goals of our school, in addition to teaching English, is to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries. By having people like Mr. White, who is willing to work in a strange and unknown country, we feel we are very lucky and that our goals will be easily realized. Mr. White, the other teachers and all the workers in our school have joined with me in welcoming you. We are indeed happy to have you here and we wish you all the best during the time when you will be with us. Thank you.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：怀特先生是哪里毕业的？根据“ Mr. White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago ”怀特先生刚从芝加哥大学毕业，故选B。
18．问题：发言人是做什么的？根据“it's my pleasure to welcome our new member”我很荣幸欢迎我们的新成员；以及“Mr. White will be working mostly in our day-time classes and he will also take some of our evening classes.”怀特先生将主要在我们的日间课堂上工作，他还会参加我们的夜校。可推知发言人是一名教师，故选A。
19．问题：关于怀特先生，我们知道些什么？根据“He will be with us here for at least two years.”他至少要在这里待两年。故选C。
20．问题：除了教英语，学校还有什么其他目标？根据“One of the goals of our school, in addition to teaching English, is to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries. ”我们学校的目标之一，除了教英语，就是促进两国青年之间的理解与合作。故选B。
【答案】21．A
22．D
23．C
【知识点】时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文阅读，介绍了几部即将上演的戏剧。
【点评】这一篇应用文，考查准确识别掌握细节信息的能力。答题的关键在于通过题干中的关键词在文中定位，然后通过对句子及段落的理解，确定准确的信息。
21．细节理解题。根据话剧 Animals Out of Paper 的 Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio 可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故答案为A。
22．细节理解题。根据话剧 The Audience 的 Stephen Daldry directs 可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故答案为D。
23．细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li- Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story 可知，话剧 Hamilton 的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看Hamilton。故答案为C。
【答案】24．D
25．C
26．B
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个园艺工人一直在使用一只破桶浇花告诉我们：任何一样事物的存在都有它自己的价值。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked (渗漏) along the path.”那个旧桶因为有洞而感到非常羞愧，在它到达花坛之前，很多水已经沿着小路漏了出来。可知，旧桶对自己漏水感到很羞愧。故选D。
25．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best”可知，这个桶已经用了很多年，它最好的时候已经过去了。所以推测该词是指这只桶已经破旧不堪了。C项worn-out与画线词意思相近，故选C。
26．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“See how capable I am. . . I don't know why he still uses you. What a waste of space you are！”可知，新桶在嘲笑旧桶。故选B。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“All along the path, they noticed, on the side where the new bucket was carried, there was just bare earth; on the other side where the old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the way to the garden.”可知，这只旧桶也有作用和价值，浇灌了它那一边的野花，它的存在仍然是有价值的。故选C。
【答案】28．C
29．B
30．B
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as ‘the father of hybrid rice'，to look for new ways of growing the grain. ”可知，能种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.”据官方新华社报道。从一月份开始，科学家们在迪拜的沙漠里种植了许多不同的水稻；以及第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”一种在迪拜种植的水稻. 。可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功种植了水稻。故选B。
30．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料。故选B。
31．考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的“Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized. ”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度，故选B。
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．C
35．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一些公司正在试验农业方面的人工智能高科技工具，这些工具可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. ”可知，人工智能可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. ”它创造了一个配备了人工智能和摄像头的机器人，来识别农场里所有的植物；以及第四段中的“The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. ”这个系统——连接到拖拉机的后部——也配备了人工智能，可以识别和化学杀灭杂草。可知，两个公司的产品的共同点就是，它们都使用了识别技术。故选A。
34．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it's an expert in pigweed. ”可知，研发人员给这个机器人成千上万的苋的样本来教它，这个机器人现在在识别苋方面是一个专家。可推知，Ben Chostner意在表明该机器人有学习能力。故选C。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. ”可知，农业是研究和开发人工智能的重要行业之一；然后第二至四段介绍了两个公司的人工智能产品是如何帮助农业生产的。因此，本文的主旨是介绍人工智能在农业中的应用。故选D。
【答案】36．D；37．A；38．C；39．F；40．B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以奶酪、蛋黄、三文鱼肉的颜色为例，说明食物添加剂对食物的作用和社会、经济方面的影响。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前“Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. ”许多公司，包括麦当劳，正在从他们的食物中去除人工色素；以及空后“Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.”，颜色传达了关于食物的重要信息，人工色素的使用是难以禁止的，D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.“但是不要期待你的芝士汉堡看起来会有很大不同。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
37．根据本段的小标题Cheese和空后“The leftover milk was whiter”剩下的牛奶更白了可知，A项中的it指代空前的“annatto(胭脂红)”，off-white与下文的“whiter”对应。A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.“没有它，奶酪就会变成白色。”符合语境，故选A。
38．根据本段的小标题Egg Yolks和空前的“the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. ”这种颜色可能是鸡饲料中的染色产物的结果。可知，鸡饲料的改变可能会导致蛋黄颜色的改变。C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.“改变蛋黄颜色很容易，只要改变母鸡的饮食。”符合语境，故选C。
39．根据空后“For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying 'Color added through feed'. ”例如，在 Costco，养殖鲑鱼的标签上写着“饲料添色”。可知，含色素的三文鱼需要用标签表明含色素这一信息。F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.“如果使用了人工色素，生产商被要求在标签上申报。”符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空前“People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that”以前人们的手指上都是颜色。我们现在有点嘲笑这个；以及空后的“Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. ”因此美国人显然还没有完全准备好，对各种食物中的人工色素说再见。可知，B. But producers know the difference colors can make.“但是生产商知道颜色对食物产生的影响”符合语境，故选B。
【答案】41．B；42．D；43．C；44．A；45．C；46．C；47．B；48．A；49．C；50．B；51．D；52．A；53．D；54．C；55．B
【知识点】议论文；教育文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，将小男孩打扫庭院的态度和甜美的服务员的工作态度进行对比，以此向我们说明不同的态度会给自己以及周围的人带来不同的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：他在那里徘徊了几个小时，不是愉快地完成任务，而是做了件坏事。A：gradually“逐渐地”；B：happily“高兴地”；C：secretly“秘密地”；D：suddenly “突然”。他父亲要他打扫庭院，他不是快快乐乐地去做，而是一连几个小时四处闲逛。故选B。
42．句意：他在那里徘徊了几个小时，不是愉快地完成任务，而是做了件坏事。A：difficult“困难的”；B：great“好的，伟大的”；C：smart“聪明的”；D：bad “坏的”。根据下文的“wasn't clean enough”可知，他没有将庭院打扫干净，应用bad，故选D。
43．句意：他爸爸在教他如何承担责任，如何做好工作。A：goodness“善良，美德”；B：safety“安全”；C：responsibility“责任”；D：belonging “财产”。父亲想通过让他打扫庭院来教会他责任感和如何做好工作，故选C。
44．句意：因为他态度恶劣，他花了整整一个下午，完成了一项本该花上一两个小时的任务。A：poor“穷的，差的，不好的”；B：positive“积极的，肯定的”；C：strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；D：efficient “高效的”。根据上文“Instead of doing the task 1 , he wandered around there for hours, doing a 2 job.”可知，男孩的工作态度不好。因为态度不好，本应该一两个小时就能干完的活，他用了整个下午。故选A。
45．句意：他进来的时候院子还是不够干净。A：almost“几乎，差不多”；B：even“甚至”；C：still“一直，仍然”；D：ever“曾经”。 根据上文可知，男孩没有认真去打扫，所以庭院依然不干净。故选C。
46．句意：而且，他爸爸很生他的气，那天男孩的坏心情影响了整个家庭。A：criticizing“批评”；B：benefiting“使受益”；C：affecting“影响”；D：controlling“控制”。 情绪会传染，此处指孩子的坏情绪影响了整个家庭。故选C。
47．句意：比较在快餐店工作的可爱女士。A：factory“工厂”；B：restaurant“饭店”；C：supermarket“超市”；D：company“公司”。 根据下文的“took my order”和“the food”可知，作者去的是餐馆，故选B。
48．句意：我一走进去，她就热情地欢迎我。A：warmly“热情地”；B：proudly“骄傲地。自豪地”；C：seriously“严肃地”；D：coldly “冷漠地”。根据下文对她的表现的描述可知，她非常热情地欢迎作者。故选A。
49．句意：她微笑着接受我的点餐，然后在我们等食物的时候，她和我说话了。A：looked after“照看”；B：picked up“捡起”；C：waited for“等待”；D：struggled with “与....作斗争”。根据该空前的“took my order”可知，此处指等餐的时候，故选C。
50．句意：我端着托盘走开的时候，她笑着说：“我希望你有一个幸福的一天！”A：shout“喊”；B：smile“微笑”；C：cheer“欢呼”；D：voice “声音”。根据上文，该服务员非常热情，由此可知，她在对作者说祝福语时应该是面带微笑的。故选B。
51．句意：我觉得因为她的善良，食物才更好吃。A：experience“经验，经历”；B：trust“信任”；C：courage“勇气”；D：kindness“友善，善良”。 因为她的友善，食物仿佛也更加美味了。故选D。
52．句意：有一次晚点，当她在柜台后面完成任务时，我坐在那里听她唱歌。A：performed“执行，表演”；B：started“开始”；C：discovered“发现”；D：planned“计划”。 她在柜台后一边工作一边唱着歌。故选A。
53．句意：她的薪水不高，也没有什么权势。A：decision“决定”；B：mistake“错误”；C：promise“诺言”；D：salary “薪水”。根据下文，她也没有权势可知，此处指她挣钱不多，即工资不高。故选 D。
54．句意：其他人都在看着我，即使我当时可能没有意识到。A：limit“限制”；B：need“需要”；C：realize“实现，意识到”；D：admit“承认”。 作者想给周围的人做好榜样，她认为别人在看着她，尽管那时她可能没有意识到。故选C。
55．句意：态度能带来很大的影响。A：lifestyle“生活方式”；B：attitude“态度”；C：habit“习惯”；D：position“职位”。 本文主要讲了两种不同的态度带来的不同影响。此处呼应文章主题，指态度能产生巨大影响。故选B。
【答案】56．specifically；57．starting；58．explained；59．to；60．development；61．are encouraged；62．but；63．performances；64．the；65．to see
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我国最近设立的“中国农民丰收节”，文中具体介绍了设立该节日的目的、意义、节日的时间、活动的开展方式等细节内容。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，介词，名词，时态，主谓一致，连词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：中国为农民创造了一个特殊的日子，来庆祝一年一度的丰收，第一个由国家专门为农民创建的节日。此处作状语，修饰created，所以要用副词，故填specifically。
57．句意：“‘中国农民的丰收节'将在每年的秋分，始于今年”农业和农村事务部部长韩长福，在周四的新闻发布会上解释说。此处表示的是该节日开始实行的时间，start与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填starting。
58．句意：“‘中国农民的丰收节'将在每年的秋分，始于今年”农业和农村事务部部长韩长福，在周四的新闻发布会上解释说。根据时间状语Thursday和下文的Han said可知，此处要用一般过去时，故填explained。
59．句意：这个节日将更加重视农村工作，加快中国农村振兴，推动农业和农村加快发展。give importance to. . . 固定短语，“重视……”，故填to。
60．句意：这个节日将更加重视农村工作，加快中国农村振兴，推动农业和农村加快发展。前有形容词faster修饰，后有介词of。应用名词，故填development。
61．句意：这个节日应该庆祝农民，他们被鼓励用自己的方式来庆祝。此处表示节日中的一般安排，应该用一般现在时，而they与encourage之间是被动关系，故填are encouraged。
62．句意：一些活动将在全国范围内举行，但大部分庆祝活动都在地方举行。从空前的“Some. . . nationwide”和空后的“most of. . . local level”可以看出前后是转折关系，故填but。
63．句意：当地政府可以举办各种节日活动，比如民俗文化表演，美食品尝和观光。此处名词作介词宾语，而performance在此作“表演”讲，是可数名词，前面没有限定词修饰，所以要用复数，故填performances。
64．句意：中国农民丰收节反映了政府对农业、农村和农村人民的高度重视，以及看到农业蓬勃发展的决心，美丽的乡村和富裕的农民。由于high value后面有定语从句修饰，所以此处是特指。应用定冠词，故填the。
65．句意：中国农民丰收节反映了政府对农业、农村和农村人民的高度重视，以及看到农业蓬勃发展的决心，美丽的乡村和富裕的农民。此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰determination，该词通常接不定式短语作定语，故填to see。
66．【答案】 Have you ever dreamt of eating green vegetables without chemical fertilizer every day Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. It has been equipped with advanced facilities. What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. The rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition; as a result, they are exported into many countries in the world.
If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.
Tel: 66688812
E-mal: Green Leaf@Green
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求根据提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: Green Leaf@Green 。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.运用了祈使句；Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. 运用了过去分词做状语，现在分词作定语； What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. 运用了主语从句，表语从句；If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.运用了条件状语从句，祈使句。
67．【答案】Paragraph 1:
To my surprise, he corrected me immediately. "I remember you. You are the kind man! "he said excitedly. I thought he must be mistaking me for someone else, but he then accurately told me enough details of our first meeting. I was so confused about that. In my first visit to this weak patient, I did absolutely nothing to help this man except show up. Then he explained that my presence last time gave him hope to live. We talked a little more that day and said goodbye.
Paragraph 2:
After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind. I must admit that a stranger in hospital whose name I even didn't know changed my attitude to the life with a single comment. It reshaped the way I see life, the way I see myself, and the way I see others. It makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to recognize and appreciate the kindness that others offer to me. Obviously, we couldn't know the impact our actions, or even just our presence, have on life.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，上学时，作者参加 了一个和病人聊天的本科生项目。在一次特殊的拜访中,作者走进了一间黑暗的病房,看见一个老人躺在病床上,本以为他在睡觉,但走近时才发现老人十分清醒且满脸迷惑和焦虑,他急切地想和作者交流点什么,但是作者并不能理解老人所说的话，而且他对老人一无所知,强烈的无助感和不舒适感涌上心头，于是作者只待了几分钟就离开了。不久作者被要求去进行回访时,发现老人病房的灯亮着,老人的女儿在陪他聊天,老人看上去比之前好多了。Paragraph 1的开头是“令我惊讶的是,老人立刻纠正了我”,再结合Paragraph 2的开头“After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind”可知, Paragraph 1讲的
应该是老人记得作者之前的看望以及老人告诉作者之前的看望给自己带来的影响。Paragraph2的开头是“在这次看望之后,老人对我说的话一直在我脑海中徘徊”，显然接下来的内容应该是这次看望老人的经历给作者的生活带来的改变，让作者感悟到小小的善意能带来巨大的影响。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I thought he must be mistaking me for someone else, but he then accurately told me enough details of our first meeting.运用了宾语从句，转折并列句； Then he explained that my presence last time gave him hope to live. 运用了宾语从句； I must admit that a stranger in hospital whose name I even didn't know changed my attitude to the life with a single comment. 运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句；It reshaped the way I see life, the way I see myself, and the way I see others. 运用了限制性定语从句；It makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to recognize and appreciate the kindness that others offer to me. 运用了宾语从句和限制性定语从句。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Working the Land 学业质量检测（音频暂未更新）
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．What is the woman going to do
A．Pick up her old friend.
B．Have a good time.
C．Meet a guy again.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hey, Mary, what's up
W: Last night I met this great guy at the bar and we had such a wonderful time. We decided to meet again tonight.
【分析】问题： 女士要做什么？根据“Last night I met this great guy at the bar and we had such a wonderful time. We decided to meet again tonight.”昨晚我在酒吧遇到了一个好男人，我们度过了一段美好的时光。我们决定今晚再见面。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．Why is the man tired of life
A．His parents overprotect him.
B．His father protects him too much.
C．His mother protects him too much.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Why are you tired of life
M: I have been overprotected by my mother these years. I really want to leave the family and spread my wings.
【分析】问题：为什么男士厌倦了生活？根据“ I have been overprotected by my mother these years. ”这些年我被我妈妈过度保护了。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
3．What's the man now
A．Technician. B．Graduate. C．Employee.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Can you tell me a little about yourself
M: I am a graduate of a technical university and have been employed as a technician in Company Ford for approximately 10 years.
【分析】问题：男士现在是干什么的？根据“ I am a graduate of a technical university and have been employed as a technician in Company Ford for approximately 10 years.”我是技术大学的毕业生，已经在福特公司担任技术员大约10年了，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
4．（2018高二上·大理期中）What will the boy probably eat next
A．An apple. B．Vegetables. C．Chocolate cake.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Mom, I don't want to eat vegetables. Can I have dessert now I love chocolate cake!
W: You can have some fruit for dessert. If you eat an apple, I might let you have a small piece of chocolate cake.
【分析】考查推理判断题。根据原文 If you eat an apple, I might let you have a small piece of chocolate cake.可知，故答案选A。
【点评】考查根据事实进行的简单的推理、判断。此类试题很难由听力材料直接获取，需在理解、领悟和推理、判断的基础上进行选择。
5．When did Tom finish work
A．At 10:00. B．At 6:30. C．At 4:30.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: It's only 6:30, and you're done! I won't finish work until 10:00. You're very efficient.
W: Well, Tom finished two hours earlier than me.
【分析】问题：Tom 是什么时候完成工作的？根据“It's only 6:30”现在是6:30；以及“Tom finished two hours earlier than me.”汤姆比我早两个小时完成，可知选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听材料，回答问题。
6．What do we know about the man's wife
A．She likes reading very much.
B．She's counting the days.
C．She will visit some old friends.
7．Where did the woman probably go last summer
A．Hawaii. B．Europe. C．Egypt.
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Where are you going to take your vacation
M: Hawaii.
W: That sounds like a great place to visit. Is your family going
M: Yes. We plan to go mountain climbing, fishing, swimming, and windsurfing. But most of all, we're planning to relax. My wife is taking a whole bunch of books to read.
W: Your children must all be excited about it.
M: Yes, they are, They're counting the days. Are you going to Europe again this summer
W: No, not this time. We're going to visit some old friends in Egypt.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：关于男士的妻子，我们知道些什么？根据“My wife is taking a whole bunch of books to read.”我妻子带了一大堆书要看。故选A。
7．问题：女士去年夏天可能去哪儿了？根据“ Are you going to Europe again this summer ”今年夏天你还要去欧洲吗？；以及“No, not this time.”不，不是这次，可推知选B。
听材料，回答问题。
8．Where will the two speakers celebrate the Thanksgiving
A．At the woman's home. B．At the man's home. C．At the restaurant.
9．What does the woman plan to do
A．She will cook on her own.
B．She will order a turkey.
C．She will ask her grandmother to help her.
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Where should we go for lunch this Thanksgiving
W: We can eat at my home. My turkey will be delicious.
M: You're not really going to cook, right Is that a joke
W: Why do you think it's a joke
M: No offence. But don't you remember the last time you cooked You nearly got the house on fire!
W: I remember. That's why I'll ask my grandmother to come to help.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
8．问题：两位谈话人在哪里庆祝感恩节？根据“ We can eat at my home”我们可以在我家吃，故选A。
9．问题：女士打算做什么？根据“That's why I'll ask my grandmother to come to help.”这就是为什么我会叫我奶奶来帮忙。故选C。
听材料，回答问题。
10．Where is the woman now
A．In Tokyo. B．In London. C．In Oxford.
11．When will the woman see some customers
A．Tomorrow morning. B．This afternoon. C．This evening.
12．What does the man invite the woman to do
A．Have dinner. B．Visit Jane. C．Travel in Tokyo.
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hi, Tony.
M: Hello, Kate. How are you
W: Oh, fine, thanks, and you and Jane
M: Oh, we are fine. How long are you staying
W: Just a couple of days, and then I'll go back to work in Tokyo.
M: What a pity you are not staying in London for a bit longer. Anyway, how about dinner tonight
W: I'd love to, but I'm seeing some customers from Oxford this evening. What about tomorrow
M: That'll be lovely. Jane will be pleased.
W: What time shall I come
M: How about eight
W: Great. I'll see you tomorrow, then.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：女士现在在哪里？根据“What a pity you are not staying in London for a bit longer. ”可惜你不能在伦敦多呆一段时间。故选B。
11．问题：女士什么时候要见一些顾客？根据“but I'm seeing some customers from Oxford this evening. ”但我今晚要见几个牛津来的客人。故选C。
12．问题：男士邀请女士做什么？根据“Anyway, how about dinner tonight ”不管怎样，今晚一起吃晚饭怎么样？可知选A。
听材料，回答问题。
13．Where did the woman go
A．France. B．London. C．America.
14．Which university did the man graduate from
A．Yale University.
B．Cambridge University.
C．University of Oxford.
15．What's the man's job
A．Writer. B．Teacher. C．Journalist.
16．What's the woman's major
A．Math. B．Education. C．English literature.
【答案】13．A
14．C
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Are you all right
W: I'm a bit jet lagged. I just got back from Europe.
M: Which country in Europe did you go
W: France.
M: I spent some time in Paris before I went to London. It's a great city.
W: So did you study in the University of Oxford
M: Yes. And I've just graduated. I'm going to start my first teaching job.
W: I think I'd like to teach, too.
M: What's your major
W: English literature.
M: That's what I'm teaching.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
13．问题：女士去了哪里？根据“Which country in Europe did you go ”你去了欧洲的哪个国家？；以及“France.”法国，故选A。
14．问题：男士是哪所大学毕业的？根据“So did you study in the University of Oxford ”你在牛津大学读书吗？；以及“Yes. And I've just graduated. ”是的，我刚毕业，故选C。
15．问题：男士的工作是什么？根据“ I'm going to start my first teaching job.”我要开始我的第一份教学工作了。故选B。
16．问题：女士的专业是什么？根据“What's your major ”你什么专业？；以及“English literature.”英国文学，故选C。
听材料，回答问题。
17．Where did Mr. White graduate from
A．The University of Oxford.
B．The University of Chicago.
C．The Peking University.
18．What is the speaker
A．A teacher. B．A student. C．A worker.
19．What can we know about Mr. White
A．He comes from England.
B．He is unwilling to work here.
C．He will stay here for at least two years.
20．Which other goals does the school have besides teaching English
A．To teach students how to get along well with foreigners.
B．To promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of the two countries.
C．To teach students American history and culture.
【答案】17．B
18．A
19．C
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】 Ladies and gentlemen, it's my pleasure to welcome our new member, Mr. Tony White, who has just come here from America. Mr. White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago where he majored in English Literature and Teaching English as a Second Language. He is 22 years old. Mr. White will be working mostly in our day-time classes and he will also take some of our evening classes. He will be with us here for at least two years. One of the goals of our school, in addition to teaching English, is to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries. By having people like Mr. White, who is willing to work in a strange and unknown country, we feel we are very lucky and that our goals will be easily realized. Mr. White, the other teachers and all the workers in our school have joined with me in welcoming you. We are indeed happy to have you here and we wish you all the best during the time when you will be with us. Thank you.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：怀特先生是哪里毕业的？根据“ Mr. White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago ”怀特先生刚从芝加哥大学毕业，故选B。
18．问题：发言人是做什么的？根据“it's my pleasure to welcome our new member”我很荣幸欢迎我们的新成员；以及“Mr. White will be working mostly in our day-time classes and he will also take some of our evening classes.”怀特先生将主要在我们的日间课堂上工作，他还会参加我们的夜校。可推知发言人是一名教师，故选A。
19．问题：关于怀特先生，我们知道些什么？根据“He will be with us here for at least two years.”他至少要在这里待两年。故选C。
20．问题：除了教英语，学校还有什么其他目标？根据“One of the goals of our school, in addition to teaching English, is to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries. ”我们学校的目标之一，除了教英语，就是促进两国青年之间的理解与合作。故选B。
三、阅读理解
（2019·全国卷Ⅲ）阅读理解
OPENINGS
AND PREVIEWS
Animals
Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present
the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri
Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.（West Park Presbyterian
Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.）
The
Audience
Helen
Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve
Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring
Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.（Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.）
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel
Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented
as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.（Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.）
On
the Twentieth Century
Kristin
Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph
Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win
a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.（American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.）
21．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about .
A．A type of art. B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
22．Who is the director of The Audience
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
23．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history
A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.
【答案】21．A
22．D
23．C
【知识点】时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文阅读，介绍了几部即将上演的戏剧。
【点评】这一篇应用文，考查准确识别掌握细节信息的能力。答题的关键在于通过题干中的关键词在文中定位，然后通过对句子及段落的理解，确定准确的信息。
21．细节理解题。根据话剧 Animals Out of Paper 的 Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami（折纸术）artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio 可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故答案为A。
22．细节理解题。根据话剧 The Audience 的 Stephen Daldry directs 可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故答案为D。
23．细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li- Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story 可知，话剧 Hamilton 的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看Hamilton。故答案为C。
阅读理解
There
was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care. To water his
flowers, he used two buckets (水桶). One was a shiny
and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated
one, which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.
Every
morning, the gardener would fill up the two buckets. Then he would carry them
along the path, one on each side, to the flowerbeds. The new bucket was very
proud of itself. It could carry a full bucket of water without a single drop
spilled. The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it
reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked (渗漏)
along the path.
Sometimes
the new bucket would say, "See how capable I am! How good it is that the
gardener has me water the flowers every day! I don't know why he still uses you.
What a waste of space you are! "
And
all that the old bucket could say was, "I know I am not very useful, but I
can only do my best. I am happy that the gardener still finds a little bit of
use in me, at least. "
One
day, the gardener heard that kind of conversation. After watering the flowers
as usual, he said, "You both have done your work very well. Now I am going
to carry you back, and I want you to look carefully along the path. "
Then
the two buckets did so. All along the path, they noticed, on the side where the
new bucket was carried, there was just bare earth; on the other side where the
old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the
way to the garden.
24．What was the old bucket ashamed of？
A．Its past. B．Its aging. C．Its manner. D．Its leaking.
25．What does the underlined word "dilapidated" probably mean？
A．Dirty. B．Dark.
C．Worn-out. D．Ordinary-looking.
26．The new bucket made conversations with the old one mainly to ____.
A．take pity on the old one B．laugh at the old one
C．show off its good looks D．praise the gardener's kindness
27．Why was the old bucket still kept by the gardener？
A．Because it was used to keep a balance.
B．Because it stayed in its best condition.
C．Because it had its own function.
D．Because it was thought of as a treasure.
【答案】24．D
25．C
26．B
27．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个园艺工人一直在使用一只破桶浇花告诉我们：任何一样事物的存在都有它自己的价值。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked (渗漏) along the path.”那个旧桶因为有洞而感到非常羞愧，在它到达花坛之前，很多水已经沿着小路漏了出来。可知，旧桶对自己漏水感到很羞愧。故选D。
25．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best”可知，这个桶已经用了很多年，它最好的时候已经过去了。所以推测该词是指这只桶已经破旧不堪了。C项worn-out与画线词意思相近，故选C。
26．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“See how capable I am. . . I don't know why he still uses you. What a waste of space you are！”可知，新桶在嘲笑旧桶。故选B。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“All along the path, they noticed, on the side where the new bucket was carried, there was just bare earth; on the other side where the old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the way to the garden.”可知，这只旧桶也有作用和价值，浇灌了它那一边的野花，它的存在仍然是有价值的。故选C。
阅读理解
China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping, known as "the father of hybrid rice"，to look for new ways of growing the grain.
Now they're celebrating successful efforts to grow rice—in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.
China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2. 35 billion acres of highly saline (含盐的)land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.
"Probably only a small part of the world's saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice, but that would still have a very important effect on food security," Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.
Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.
Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.
A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries. "This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water-poor countries, particularly in North Africa region."
Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized.
28．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice
A．The increase of rice consumers.
B．The high cost of rice producing.
C．The land shortage of rice growing.
D．The severe pollution of fresh water.
29．Yuan's team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in ____.
A．China B．Dubai C．Latin America D．North Africa
30．What can be inferred from the text
A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.
B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.
C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.
D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.
31．What is the author's attitude to the rice-growing experiment
A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Critical. D．Disappointed.
【答案】28．C
29．B
30．B
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as ‘the father of hybrid rice'，to look for new ways of growing the grain. ”可知，能种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。故选C。
29．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.”据官方新华社报道。从一月份开始，科学家们在迪拜的沙漠里种植了许多不同的水稻；以及第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”一种在迪拜种植的水稻. 。可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功种植了水稻。故选B。
30．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料。故选B。
31．考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的“Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it's commercialized. ”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度，故选B。
阅读理解
Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology. One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is panies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.
One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry itself through the fields in search of puter-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide(除草剂). Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also control the equipment through a smartphone.
The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurélien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right chemical amount in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.
Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology. The company has a system called "See & Spray", which it claims was the world's first smart sprayer. The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vice president of business development for Blue River Technology，explains in a company video that See & Spray technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it's an expert in pigweed. "
32．How will AI benefit agriculture
A．It will fund agriculture research.
B．It contributes to low-cost farming.
C．It can avoid harmful chemicals.
D．It frees all farmers from field work.
33．What do the products of the two companies have in common
A．They use recognition technology.
B．They are powered by solar energy.
C．They are connected with smartphones.
D．They can help wanted plants grow rapidly.
34．What do Ben Chostner's words suggest about the robot
A．It is environmentally friendly. B．It is good at self-improving.
C．It has the learning ability. D．It can track various plants.
35．What is mainly talked about in the text
A．The experiment in farming robots.
B．A new trend in artificial intelligence.
C．Modern See & Spray technology.
D．Artificial intelligence in agriculture.
【答案】32．B
33．A
34．C
35．D
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一些公司正在试验农业方面的人工智能高科技工具，这些工具可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. ”可知，人工智能可以帮助农民节省时间和金钱，同时减少使用对环境有害的化学物质。故选B。
33．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. ”它创造了一个配备了人工智能和摄像头的机器人，来识别农场里所有的植物；以及第四段中的“The system—which is connected to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. ”这个系统——连接到拖拉机的后部——也配备了人工智能，可以识别和化学杀灭杂草。可知，两个公司的产品的共同点就是，它们都使用了识别技术。故选A。
34．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of that pigweed—and now it's an expert in pigweed. ”可知，研发人员给这个机器人成千上万的苋的样本来教它，这个机器人现在在识别苋方面是一个专家。可推知，Ben Chostner意在表明该机器人有学习能力。故选C。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. ”可知，农业是研究和开发人工智能的重要行业之一；然后第二至四段介绍了两个公司的人工智能产品是如何帮助农业生产的。因此，本文的主旨是介绍人工智能在农业中的应用。故选D。
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. 　36． 　 Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.
Cheese
Check the packages of most cheeses, and there is likely an ingredient called annatto (胭脂红) listed. 　37． 　 The practice dates back to when cheesemakers in England removed the butterfat from milk to make butter. The leftover milk was whiter，so cheesemakers added annatto to create a golden coloring.
Egg Yolks
Many home cooks think darker egg yolks are fresher or more nutritious. But the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. 　38． 　 Darker yolks aren't necessarily healthier. The belief that they are healthier is likely rooted in the idea that yolks are darker when hens are fed a diet of fresh plants, which contain the pigments (色素).
Salmon
Bright pink flesh may signal freshness to shoppers eyeing salmon，which is why salmon may have been fed synthetic astaxanthin (虾青素). 　39． 　 For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying "Color added through feed".
"People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that，" said Richard Matoian, director of a food trade association. 　40． 　 Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of panies are expected to take new measures in response to customer demand.
A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.
B. But producers know the difference colors can make.
C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.
D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.
E. Yolk colors vary when chickens live in different climates as well.
F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.
G. Some companies even offer various shades of pink to help judge flesh colors.
【答案】36．D；37．A；38．C；39．F；40．B
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以奶酪、蛋黄、三文鱼肉的颜色为例，说明食物添加剂对食物的作用和社会、经济方面的影响。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读， 要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前“Many companies, including McDonald's, are removing artificial colors from their foods. ”许多公司，包括麦当劳，正在从他们的食物中去除人工色素；以及空后“Colors send important signals about food, and companies aren't going to stop using them.”，颜色传达了关于食物的重要信息，人工色素的使用是难以禁止的，D. But don't expect your cheeseburgers to look much different.“但是不要期待你的芝士汉堡看起来会有很大不同。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
37．根据本段的小标题Cheese和空后“The leftover milk was whiter”剩下的牛奶更白了可知，A项中的it指代空前的“annatto(胭脂红)”，off-white与下文的“whiter”对应。A. Without it, cheese would be off-white.“没有它，奶酪就会变成白色。”符合语境，故选A。
38．根据本段的小标题Egg Yolks和空前的“the color may be the result of coloring products in chicken feed. ”这种颜色可能是鸡饲料中的染色产物的结果。可知，鸡饲料的改变可能会导致蛋黄颜色的改变。C. It's easy to change yolk colors by simply varying hens' diet.“改变蛋黄颜色很容易，只要改变母鸡的饮食。”符合语境，故选C。
39．根据空后“For example, at Costco, tickets of farmed salmon are saying 'Color added through feed'. ”例如，在 Costco，养殖鲑鱼的标签上写着“饲料添色”。可知，含色素的三文鱼需要用标签表明含色素这一信息。F. Producers are asked to declare on tickets if artificial colors were used.“如果使用了人工色素，生产商被要求在标签上申报。”符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空前“People used to get all the coloring all over their fingers. We now kind of laugh at that”以前人们的手指上都是颜色。我们现在有点嘲笑这个；以及空后的“Americans, therefore, apparently aren't entirely ready to say goodbye to the artificial colors in various kinds of food. ”因此美国人显然还没有完全准备好，对各种食物中的人工色素说再见。可知，B. But producers know the difference colors can make.“但是生产商知道颜色对食物产生的影响”符合语境，故选B。
五、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
few days ago, my husband observed a teenager doing yard work that his dad had
told him to do. Instead of doing the task 41． ,
he wandered around there for hours, doing a 42． job.
The
person he hurt the most was himself. His dad was trying to teach him 43． and how to do a good job. As a result of his 44． attitude, he spent the whole
afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours. And the
yard 45． wasn't clean enough when he got through.
He
ruined his day because of his attitude. In addition，his dad was upset with him, and the boy's bad mood ended up 46． the whole family that day.
Contrast
that with a sweet lady working in a fast food 47． . The minute I walked in, she welcomed me 48． . She smiled as she took my order, and then as we 49． the food, she talked with me.
As I walked off with my tray, she said with a big 50． ," I hope you have a blessed day!" I thought the food
tasted better because of her 51． . There was a delay, during which I sat
there hearing her singing as she 52． her tasks behind the counter.
She
wasn't making a large 53． , and she didn't have a powerful
position either. In addition, she stood on her feet for a long shift each day,
often dealing with difficult customers. But she chose to be joyful.
I
want to learn from her. I want to do my best, even when there's no applause or
glory. Other people are watching me even though I might not 54． it at the time. I want to
bring joy to all those around me. The 55． can make a great difference.
41．A．gradually B．happily C．secretly D．suddenly
42．A．difficult B．great C．smart D．bad
43．A．goodness B．safety C．responsibility D．belonging
44．A．poor B．positive C．strange D．efficient
45．A．almost B．even C．still D．ever
46．A．criticizing B．benefiting C．affecting D．controlling
47．A．factory B．restaurant C．supermarket D．company
48．A．warmly B．proudly C．seriously D．coldly
49．A．looked after B．picked up C．waited for D．struggled with
50．A．shout B．smile C．cheer D．voice
51．A．experience B．trust C．courage D．kindness
52．A．performed B．started C．discovered D．planned
53．A．decision B．mistake C．promise D．salary
54．A．limit B．need C．realize D．admit
55．A．lifestyle B．attitude C．habit D．position
【答案】41．B；42．D；43．C；44．A；45．C；46．C；47．B；48．A；49．C；50．B；51．D；52．A；53．D；54．C；55．B
【知识点】议论文；教育文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，将小男孩打扫庭院的态度和甜美的服务员的工作态度进行对比，以此向我们说明不同的态度会给自己以及周围的人带来不同的影响。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：他在那里徘徊了几个小时，不是愉快地完成任务，而是做了件坏事。A：gradually“逐渐地”；B：happily“高兴地”；C：secretly“秘密地”；D：suddenly “突然”。他父亲要他打扫庭院，他不是快快乐乐地去做，而是一连几个小时四处闲逛。故选B。
42．句意：他在那里徘徊了几个小时，不是愉快地完成任务，而是做了件坏事。A：difficult“困难的”；B：great“好的，伟大的”；C：smart“聪明的”；D：bad “坏的”。根据下文的“wasn't clean enough”可知，他没有将庭院打扫干净，应用bad，故选D。
43．句意：他爸爸在教他如何承担责任，如何做好工作。A：goodness“善良，美德”；B：safety“安全”；C：responsibility“责任”；D：belonging “财产”。父亲想通过让他打扫庭院来教会他责任感和如何做好工作，故选C。
44．句意：因为他态度恶劣，他花了整整一个下午，完成了一项本该花上一两个小时的任务。A：poor“穷的，差的，不好的”；B：positive“积极的，肯定的”；C：strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；D：efficient “高效的”。根据上文“Instead of doing the task 1 , he wandered around there for hours, doing a 2 job.”可知，男孩的工作态度不好。因为态度不好，本应该一两个小时就能干完的活，他用了整个下午。故选A。
45．句意：他进来的时候院子还是不够干净。A：almost“几乎，差不多”；B：even“甚至”；C：still“一直，仍然”；D：ever“曾经”。 根据上文可知，男孩没有认真去打扫，所以庭院依然不干净。故选C。
46．句意：而且，他爸爸很生他的气，那天男孩的坏心情影响了整个家庭。A：criticizing“批评”；B：benefiting“使受益”；C：affecting“影响”；D：controlling“控制”。 情绪会传染，此处指孩子的坏情绪影响了整个家庭。故选C。
47．句意：比较在快餐店工作的可爱女士。A：factory“工厂”；B：restaurant“饭店”；C：supermarket“超市”；D：company“公司”。 根据下文的“took my order”和“the food”可知，作者去的是餐馆，故选B。
48．句意：我一走进去，她就热情地欢迎我。A：warmly“热情地”；B：proudly“骄傲地。自豪地”；C：seriously“严肃地”；D：coldly “冷漠地”。根据下文对她的表现的描述可知，她非常热情地欢迎作者。故选A。
49．句意：她微笑着接受我的点餐，然后在我们等食物的时候，她和我说话了。A：looked after“照看”；B：picked up“捡起”；C：waited for“等待”；D：struggled with “与....作斗争”。根据该空前的“took my order”可知，此处指等餐的时候，故选C。
50．句意：我端着托盘走开的时候，她笑着说：“我希望你有一个幸福的一天！”A：shout“喊”；B：smile“微笑”；C：cheer“欢呼”；D：voice “声音”。根据上文，该服务员非常热情，由此可知，她在对作者说祝福语时应该是面带微笑的。故选B。
51．句意：我觉得因为她的善良，食物才更好吃。A：experience“经验，经历”；B：trust“信任”；C：courage“勇气”；D：kindness“友善，善良”。 因为她的友善，食物仿佛也更加美味了。故选D。
52．句意：有一次晚点，当她在柜台后面完成任务时，我坐在那里听她唱歌。A：performed“执行，表演”；B：started“开始”；C：discovered“发现”；D：planned“计划”。 她在柜台后一边工作一边唱着歌。故选A。
53．句意：她的薪水不高，也没有什么权势。A：decision“决定”；B：mistake“错误”；C：promise“诺言”；D：salary “薪水”。根据下文，她也没有权势可知，此处指她挣钱不多，即工资不高。故选 D。
54．句意：其他人都在看着我，即使我当时可能没有意识到。A：limit“限制”；B：need“需要”；C：realize“实现，意识到”；D：admit“承认”。 作者想给周围的人做好榜样，她认为别人在看着她，尽管那时她可能没有意识到。故选C。
55．句意：态度能带来很大的影响。A：lifestyle“生活方式”；B：attitude“态度”；C：habit“习惯”；D：position“职位”。 本文主要讲了两种不同的态度带来的不同影响。此处呼应文章主题，指态度能产生巨大影响。故选B。
六、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China creates "harvest festival" for farmers
China has created a special day for farmers to celebrate the annual harvest, the first festival created by the state 　56． 　(specific) for the country's farmers.
"The Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival will fall on the Autumn Equinox (秋分) each year, 　57． 　(start) this year," Han Changfu, minister of agriculture and rural affairs，　58． 　(explain) at a press conference Thursday. "The festival will give greater importance 　59． 　rural work, speed up China's rural vitalization, and push for faster 　60． 　(develop) of agriculture and rural areas," Han said.
"The festival should celebrate farmers, and they 　61． 　(encourage) to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest," Han said. Some activities will be held nationwide，　62． 　most of the celebration will take place at a local level. Local governments can host various activities for the festival, such as folk culture 　63． 　(perform), food tastings and sightseeing.
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival reflects 　64． 　 high value the government places on agriculture, rural areas and rural people, as well as its determination 　65． 　(see) a thriving (繁荣的) agricultural industry, beautiful countryside and well-off farmers.
【答案】56．specifically；57．starting；58．explained；59．to；60．development；61．are encouraged；62．but；63．performances；64．the；65．to see
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我国最近设立的“中国农民丰收节”，文中具体介绍了设立该节日的目的、意义、节日的时间、活动的开展方式等细节内容。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，介词，名词，时态，主谓一致，连词，冠词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：中国为农民创造了一个特殊的日子，来庆祝一年一度的丰收，第一个由国家专门为农民创建的节日。此处作状语，修饰created，所以要用副词，故填specifically。
57．句意：“‘中国农民的丰收节'将在每年的秋分，始于今年”农业和农村事务部部长韩长福，在周四的新闻发布会上解释说。此处表示的是该节日开始实行的时间，start与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填starting。
58．句意：“‘中国农民的丰收节'将在每年的秋分，始于今年”农业和农村事务部部长韩长福，在周四的新闻发布会上解释说。根据时间状语Thursday和下文的Han said可知，此处要用一般过去时，故填explained。
59．句意：这个节日将更加重视农村工作，加快中国农村振兴，推动农业和农村加快发展。give importance to. . . 固定短语，“重视……”，故填to。
60．句意：这个节日将更加重视农村工作，加快中国农村振兴，推动农业和农村加快发展。前有形容词faster修饰，后有介词of。应用名词，故填development。
61．句意：这个节日应该庆祝农民，他们被鼓励用自己的方式来庆祝。此处表示节日中的一般安排，应该用一般现在时，而they与encourage之间是被动关系，故填are encouraged。
62．句意：一些活动将在全国范围内举行，但大部分庆祝活动都在地方举行。从空前的“Some. . . nationwide”和空后的“most of. . . local level”可以看出前后是转折关系，故填but。
63．句意：当地政府可以举办各种节日活动，比如民俗文化表演，美食品尝和观光。此处名词作介词宾语，而performance在此作“表演”讲，是可数名词，前面没有限定词修饰，所以要用复数，故填performances。
64．句意：中国农民丰收节反映了政府对农业、农村和农村人民的高度重视，以及看到农业蓬勃发展的决心，美丽的乡村和富裕的农民。由于high value后面有定语从句修饰，所以此处是特指。应用定冠词，故填the。
65．句意：中国农民丰收节反映了政府对农业、农村和农村人民的高度重视，以及看到农业蓬勃发展的决心，美丽的乡村和富裕的农民。此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰determination，该词通常接不定式短语作定语，故填to see。
七、写作(共两节)
66．根据下面提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。
坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1
000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。
联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: GreenLeaf@
注意： 词数80左右
【答案】 Have you ever dreamt of eating green vegetables without chemical fertilizer every day Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.
Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. It has been equipped with advanced facilities. What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. The rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition; as a result, they are exported into many countries in the world.
If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.
Tel: 66688812
E-mal: Green Leaf@Green
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求根据提示的"绿叶"有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：坐落在城西；历经20年已经发展成占地1 000多亩的大农场；配备有现代化的设施；生产过程中不使用任何化肥；产品富含营养并出口很多国家。联系方式: Tel: 66688812，E-mail: Green Leaf@Green 。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Please go to Green Leaf—an organic vegetable base.运用了祈使句；Located in the west of the city, it has expanded to a big farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades. 运用了过去分词做状语，现在分词作定语； What makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer. 运用了主语从句，表语从句；If you are interested, please contact us in the following ways.运用了条件状语从句，祈使句。
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When
I was in school, I joined an undergraduate program to chat with specific
patients and then discuss it with others. But I had no specific training in
this, and introducing myself to strangers was not one of my natural talents.
On
one special visit, I cautiously entered a darkened room to find an elderly man
lying in the bed. There was no one else in the room, and I firstly thought he
was sleeping. When I moved a little closer to the bed, I realized that he was
very much awake, but also very confused and anxious. He desperately wanted to
communicate something to others, but I couldn't understand what he was saying. He
seemed weak, and I couldn't tell if he was in pain, or just scared. I knew
nothing about this man's life or history, and at that time I felt totally
helpless. He obviously didn't want me to leave, but I felt so lost and
uncomfortable that I had to leave the room after only a couple of minutes.
The
next time I was at the hospital, I was asked to make follow-up visits with the
same list of patients. I expected my time with the confused man to be just as
short as the last time if he was even still alive. It seemed pointless to
prevent myself from trying to talk with someone who was so weak.
As
I arrived at the room, the first thing I noticed was that the lights were on. His
daughter was there chatting with him. He was sitting up in the bed and looked a
bit better than before. I introduced myself to the daughter and explained to
her that I had come by before. Addressing the patient, I then suggested that I
was certain he didn't remember me at all.
Paragraph
1:
Tomysurprise, hecorrectedmeimmediately.
Paragraph
2:
Afterthisvisit, thewordstheoldmansaidtomewerealwaysinmymind.
【答案】Paragraph 1:
To my surprise, he corrected me immediately. "I remember you. You are the kind man! "he said excitedly. I thought he must be mistaking me for someone else, but he then accurately told me enough details of our first meeting. I was so confused about that. In my first visit to this weak patient, I did absolutely nothing to help this man except show up. Then he explained that my presence last time gave him hope to live. We talked a little more that day and said goodbye.
Paragraph 2:
After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind. I must admit that a stranger in hospital whose name I even didn't know changed my attitude to the life with a single comment. It reshaped the way I see life, the way I see myself, and the way I see others. It makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to recognize and appreciate the kindness that others offer to me. Obviously, we couldn't know the impact our actions, or even just our presence, have on life.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文
【解析】【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，上学时，作者参加 了一个和病人聊天的本科生项目。在一次特殊的拜访中,作者走进了一间黑暗的病房,看见一个老人躺在病床上,本以为他在睡觉,但走近时才发现老人十分清醒且满脸迷惑和焦虑,他急切地想和作者交流点什么,但是作者并不能理解老人所说的话，而且他对老人一无所知,强烈的无助感和不舒适感涌上心头，于是作者只待了几分钟就离开了。不久作者被要求去进行回访时,发现老人病房的灯亮着,老人的女儿在陪他聊天,老人看上去比之前好多了。Paragraph 1的开头是“令我惊讶的是,老人立刻纠正了我”,再结合Paragraph 2的开头“After this visit, the words the old man said to me were always in my mind”可知, Paragraph 1讲的
应该是老人记得作者之前的看望以及老人告诉作者之前的看望给自己带来的影响。Paragraph2的开头是“在这次看望之后,老人对我说的话一直在我脑海中徘徊”，显然接下来的内容应该是这次看望老人的经历给作者的生活带来的改变，让作者感悟到小小的善意能带来巨大的影响。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I thought he must be mistaking me for someone else, but he then accurately told me enough details of our first meeting.运用了宾语从句，转折并列句； Then he explained that my presence last time gave him hope to live. 运用了宾语从句； I must admit that a stranger in hospital whose name I even didn't know changed my attitude to the life with a single comment. 运用了宾语从句，限制性定语从句；It reshaped the way I see life, the way I see myself, and the way I see others. 运用了限制性定语从句；It makes me want to offer whatever kindness I can to others, and I try to recognize and appreciate the kindness that others offer to me. 运用了宾语从句和限制性定语从句。
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