2023届中考英语高频考点专项练习：专题一 考点01 名词（B卷）（含答案）

专题一 考点01 名词（B卷）
一、填空
1.Don't take photos means "No _____ (photo)".
2.At Christmas she bought many _____ (gift) for the homeless children.
3.My friends all helped me with the _____ (organize) of the event.
4.The book can give us a lot of _____(confident) .
5.Yesterday we had a _____ (meet) to discuss the art festival.
6.Thank you for giving me the useful _____ (advise) to learn English.
7.Many _____(tour) come to visit the University of Cambridge every year.
8.Can you guess the _____(mean) of this word in the sentence
9.Now more and more people choose to send online _____ (invite).
10.In order to have a good grade, she started to make _____ (prepare) very early.
11.My mother will buy two bags of _____ (sugar) to make bread.
12.I had a glass of milk and two _____ (piece) of bread for breakfast.
13.Would you like to have some _____ (potato) for lunch
14.Would you like to buy some _____ (salt), Mrs. Smith
15.There will be fewer and fewer trees if we go on wasting _____ (paper).
16.People can do roadside business but they must avoid _____ (pollute).
17.We like to go to this restaurant because there is a good _____ (cook) here.
18.My parents work really hard to provide a better _____ (educate) for me.
19.Einstein is a famous _____ (science). He did lots of things for humans.
20.After reading the passage about TV stars, we had a _____ (discuss) about the good and bad things to be a star.
二、完形填空
21. There was once a farmer. He had a very big rabbit and a smart dog. One day, he organized(组织) a(n) 1 between his dog and his rabbit. He made a hole in one of his biggest fields, and 2 a carrot and a bone(骨头) in it. He wanted to see which animal would find them first.
The rabbit was very 3 , and he was busy looking for the carrot, digging here and there. He was completely sure that he would find the carrot and the bone. But the dog wasn't optimistic(乐观的) at all. After he looked for the bone for a short time, he 4 on the ground sadly. And then he began to complain. He thought 5 was difficult for him to find one bone in such a big field.
The rabbit dug for hours. With every new hole, the dog complained about 6 this was, even for the rabbit. The rabbit, 7 the other hand, kept on working hard. 8 there was no place in the whole field left to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel(隧道) to right under where the dog was lying all that time. There he found the carrot and the bone.
And this is how the dog lost the competition. 9 , he found the right place at the very beginning. But he failed to find the bone because he 10 complained and didn't try at all. When we do something difficult in our life, we should learn from the rabbit.
1. A. event B. party C. activity D. competition
2. A. found B. hid C. discovered D. saw
3. A. excited B. angry C. relaxed D. shy
4. A. sat down B. fell asleep C. lay down D. ran around
5. A. this B. that C. one D. it
6. A. how difficult B. what difficult C. how easy D. what easy
7. A. in B. on C. at D. for
8. A. If B. Before C. When D. Unless
9. A. In total B. At last C. In fact D. At first
10. A. only B. never C. seldom D. sometimes
22.My neighbor is a doctor. He and his wife are some of the 1 people I have ever met. A few years ago, we started this kind of "favor war" where one of us would do something kind for the other, such as 2 the driveway or building a shed, and next time the other would 3 to top it with another favor.
Yesterday morning there was about 2 or 3 feet of snow on the ground and I 4 he shoveled (铲) my driveway for me when I was out on a business trip last 5 . So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks and driveways because it was my turn to do a favor 6 . It took a while but I finished it with another favor.
That night I got a 7 on my door. It was my neighbor, He immediately shook my hand and thanked me for shoveling 8 driveway and side walk, so that he was able to get to work earlier and 9 a boy.
"As soon as I started the car early this morning, a(n) 10 came through that a young boy in our neighborhood was seriously ill. 11 , my partner and I were only about 2 minutes away, but the closest ambulance (救护车) 10 minutes," added he. "A young boy got to live his life 12 you did me that favor earlier this morning."
It wasn't too much 13 to shovel a driveway, but what I did got a young boy to see his family again, go back to school again and live his life again.
14 favor is too small. Even the smallest favor can make the biggest 15 . One favor will always be followed by another.
1. A. nicest B. busiest C. richest D. happiest
2. A. looking for B. going down C. cleaning up D. walking across
3. A. try B. stop C. agree D. refuse
4. A. saw B. thought C. expected D. remembered
5. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
6. A. soon B. back C. again D. first
7. A. note B. kick C. gift D. knock
8. A. my B. our C. his D. your
9. A. met B. saved C. supported D. encouraged
10. A. call B. card C. letter D. invitation
11. A. Finally B. Actually C. Luckily D. Suddenly
12. A. when B. unless C. because D. though
13. A. practice B. trouble C. attention D. experience
14. A. No B. Any C. Some D. Each
15. A. choice B. progress C. decision D. difference
答案以及解析
1.答案：photos
解析：“no+名词/动名词”表示“禁止做某事”。no photos意为“禁止拍照”,是固定短语。故填photos。
2.答案：gifts
解析：由空前的many可知此处应填可数名词复数形式,因此将gift变为复数形式gifts。
3.答案：organization/organization
解析：由语境及空前的冠词the可知此处应为名词,故填organization/organization。organization/organization在这里意为“筹备工作”,是不可数名词,不需要变形。
4.答案：confidence
解析：根据设空前的a lot of可知此处应用名词,故填 confident的名词形式confidence,意为“信心”。
5.答案：meeting
解析：由空前的冠词a可知此处填可数名词单数形式; 根据语境可知空处表示“会议”,故将meet变为meeting。
6.答案：advice
解析：句意为:谢谢你给我提供学英语的有用的建议。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填名词,故advise变为advice, advice为不可数名词,故填advice。
7.答案：tourists
解析：句意为:每年许多游客来参观剑桥大学。根据语境可知此处表示“游客”,结合空前的Many,故填tourists。
8.答案：meaning
解析：mean作动词,意为“意思是”;meaning作名词,意为“意思;含义”, the meaning of...意为“……的含义”。结合语境,故填meaning。
9.答案：invitations
解析：空前有send,设空处与online一起构成send的宾语,因此把动词 invite变为名词invitation,再结合语境可知应用其复数形式。
10.答案：preparations
解析：由句子结构及空前的the可知此处用名词preparation, preparation作make的宾语时为可数名词,故填preparations。
11.答案：sugar
解析：sugar作不可数名词,意为“食糖”,符合语境。
12.答案：pieces
解析：piece作可数名词,意为“片;块;段”,前面有two,故用复数。
13.答案：potatoes
解析：potato作可数名词,意为“土豆”,前面有some修饰,故用复数。
14.答案：salt some
解析：后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,salt为不可数名词,故填salt。
15.答案：paper
解析：句意为:如果我们继续浪费纸张的话,树会越来越少。paper作“纸张”讲时为不可数名词,由此可知此处应填paper。
16.答案：pollution
解析：句意为:人们可以做路边生意,但他们必须避免污染。根据空前的avoid及语境可知此处应填名词pollution。
17.答案：cook
解析：句意为:我们喜欢去这家饭店,因为这儿有位好厨师。cook作名词,意为“厨师”,符合语境。
18.答案：education
解析：由空前的不定冠词a可知此处应填单数名词,因此将educate变为其名词形式education。
19.答案：scientist
解析：句意为:爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。他为人类做了许多事情。由空前的a famous可知,此处填可数名词单数形式。结合语境,因此将science变为scientist。
20.答案：discussion
解析：由空前的a可知,此处应为可数名词单数形式,动词discuss的名词形式是discussion。
21.答案：1-5 DBACD 6-10 ABCCA
解析：1.考查名词辨析。句意:一天他在兔子和狗之间组织了一场比赛。event事件; party聚会; activity活动; competition比赛。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:农夫在他最大的田里挖个洞把骨头和胡萝卜藏在那里。find找到; hide隐藏; discover发现; see看见。
3.考查形容词辨析。兔子很兴奋,忙着到处去挖。excited兴奋的; angry生气的; relaxed放松的; shy害羞的。
4.考查动词短语辨析。狗找了一小会儿骨头后,趴在了地上。短语lay down意为“躺下”。
5.考查代词。句意:他认为在这么大的地里找到一块骨头对他来说太难了。“It is/was +形容词+for sb. to do sth.”为固定句式,意为“对于某人来讲做某事是……的”。
6.考查宾语从句和感叹句。狗抱怨这是多么难呀。此句包含一个宾语从句,从句是由感叹句构成,感叹形容词difficult,因此用how。
7.考查介词。句意:另一方面兔子继续努力地找。短语 on the other hand意为“另一方面”。
8.考查连词词义辨析。句意:当整个地里没地方挖了的时候……。
9.考查介词短语辨析。句意:事实上,一开始他就找对地方了。in total总计; at last最后; in fact事实上; at first一开始。
10.考查副词词义辨析。此处表示因为他只抱怨,根本就没有试一试。only只; never从未; seldom很少; sometimes有时。
22.答案：1-5ACADD 6-10BDCBA 11-15CCBAD
解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他和他的妻子是我见过的最友好的人。nicest最好心的, 最友好的; busiest最忙碌的; richest最富有的; happiest 最高兴的。根据下句中"we started this kind of 'favor war' "可推知, 邻居互助, 他们是我见过最友好的人, 故选A。
2.考查动词短语辨析。几年前, 我们开始了这种"恩惠之战", 我们中的一个会为另一个做点什么, 比如清理车道或盖个棚。look for 寻找; go down向下; clean up清理; walk across走过。根据下文"He immediately shook my hand and thanked me for shoveling 8 driveway and sidewalk..."可推知, 此空应与shovel(铲)同义, 引申为 "打扫干净, 清理", 故选C。
3.考查动词词义辨析。下次另一个会努力用另一个恩惠来超过它。try努力; stop阻止; agree同意; refuse拒绝。根据语境可知, 努力用另一种恩惠来回报, 故选A。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意: 昨天早上, 地上有两三英尺厚的雪, 我记得去年冬天我外出出差时, 他帮我铲了车道。see看到; think认为; expect 期望; remember 记住。根据下文"So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks…"可知, 记得去年是邻居清理了过道, 故选D。
5.考查名词词义辨析。句意见第4题。spring春季; summer夏季; autumn秋季; winter冬季。由句中"2 or 3 feet of snow"可知是冬季, 故选D。
6.句意: 所以我拿出铲子, 照料好我们两家的人行道和车道, 因为该轮到我帮个忙回报一下了。soon很快, 不久; back回报; again再, 又; first首先。back符合语境, 可意为"回报", 故选B。
7.句意: 那天晚上有人敲我的门, 那是我的邻居。note笔记; kick 踢; gift礼物; knock敲。根据语境可知此处表达"敲门", 故选D。
8.考查代词词义辨析。句意: 他立刻握了握我的手, 感谢我铲了他的车道和人行道。my我的; our我们的; his他的; your你的。由句中He可知, 用his代指邻居的, 故选C。
9.考查动词词义辨析。这样他就能早点上班, 并且挽救了一个男孩。meet遇见; save挽救, 拯救; support支持; encourage鼓励。根据下文"A young boy got to live his life 11 you did me the favor earlier this morning."可知, 作者的清扫车道使得邻居挽救一个男孩的生命, 故选B。
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我今天一早发动汽车, 一个电话传来, 说我们附近的一个小男孩病得很重。call通话, 打电话; card卡片; letter信件; invitation邀请。根据语境可知此处表达电话传来, 故选A。
11.考查副词词义辨析。句意: 幸好, 我和我的搭档只有2分钟 (的路程), 但最近的救护车有10分钟的路程。finally最终地; actually事实上地; luckily幸运地; suddenly突然地。根据上下文可推知, 男孩生病, 搭档和我(医生)只有2分钟的路程, 应该很幸运。故选C。
12.考查连词词义辨析。句意: 一个小男孩活了下来, 因为今天早上你帮了我这个忙。when当……时; unless除非; because因为; though尽管。根据句意可知, 后句是前一句的原因, 故选C。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意: 铲车道不是太大的麻烦, 但我做的让一个小男孩再次见到他的家人, 再次回到学校, 重新过上他的生活。 practice 练习; trouble 麻烦; attention 注意; experience 经历, 经验。根据语境及常识可知, 铲车道不需要太多的麻烦。故选B。
14.句意: 没有善意是太小的。no无, 没有; any任何; some一些; each 每个。根据下句"Even the smallest favor can make the biggest 15 "可推知, 善意不分大小。故选A。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意: 甚至最小的恩惠也能产生最大的不同。choice 选择; progress 进步; decision 决定; difference 不同。根据下句"One favor will always be followed by another."可推知, 一个恩惠之后总是接着另一个恩惠, 所以再小的恩惠也会产生影响, 故选D。
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