(共87张PPT)
Unit 2 Making a difference
头脑风暴·思维发散
In the past 200 years,the world has been changed greatly by new inventions and discoveries.Thanks to all those scientists,people’s lives have become better than ever.Scientists like those in the pictures below have really made a great difference to the world.We should respect and learn from them.
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
学习理解·语篇解构
核心知识·深入探究
备用讲义
语法专项指导
课时作业
学习理解·语篇解构
1.主题语境:人与社会——优秀品行与社会责任感。
2.语篇类型:人物介绍。
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了一位名为Ryan的加拿大男孩从事公益事业和志愿服务
的过程,描写了他的个人成长,引发学生思考个人成长的社会意义。阅读本文,有
利于引导学生深入了解普通人乐于助人的高尚品格和善行的力量,最终形成积极
参与志愿服务活动的态度。
语篇导读 先行把握
多维解读 深度剖析
build a well
70
a primary school
invited
foundation
perseverance
a reality
重点词汇
1.the contribution these people made to society (教材第13页)
这些人对社会所做的贡献
核心知识·深入探究
◆contribution n. 贡献,捐献;出资;供款
When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women,or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(2021年全国甲卷,阅读理解D)
当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时,他们不会被承认并且会被其他人拒绝。
A contribution of ￡25 will buy 15 books.
25英镑的捐款可以购买 15 本书。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my
dancing skills and make some (contribute) to the class.
②No doubt the theater has contributed the area’s development
and economic growth.
完成句子
③它与现在和一个人对现在的贡献有关,因为阅读是作者与读者之间的一种给予与
获取。
It’s about the now and what one the now,because
reading is a give and take between author and reader.
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
contributions
to
contributes to
2.The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the
skin has been carefully washed and dried, is one of the commonest
observations made at a sick bed.(教材第13页)
在皮肤被仔细清洗并擦干后,病人所感受到的安慰与缓解程度,是病床前最常见的
观察记录之一。
◆relief n. 减轻,缓解
We succeeded in climbing onto the helicopter,gasping with relief.
(2020年浙江卷,读后续写)
我们成功地爬上了直升机,松了一口气。
When he heard he had passed the examination,he smiled in relief.
当他听说他通过了考试时,他如释重负地笑了。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①After getting through the exam successfully,he sighed relief.
② my relief,my daughter returned home safely.
③It is really relief to have a cup of coffee after work.
④It will relieve her a huge burden.
in
To
a
of
3.Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to supply
Africa with fresh water.(教材第14页)
现在勾选你认为为非洲提供淡水的最有效的解决方案。
◆effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的
What is the most effective way of teaching children to read and write
用什么方法教孩子阅读与写作最有效
We have taken effective measures to preserve our cultural relics.
我们已经采取了有效措施保护我们的文化遗产。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Keeping a diary in English is one of the most (effect) ways
to improve our English writing ability.
②The new rules should be put effect as soon as possible.
③Best of all,humour raises your energy,and that can have an effect
everything you do at school,at work,or in your personal life.
(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
④Candidates must be able to communicate (effective).
effective
into
on
effectively
4.He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and
persuaded them to donate money.(教材第15页)
他开始向他的同学和邻居求助,劝说他们捐款。
(1)persuade vt.劝说,说服;使信服
I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.
我搁不住人家的劝说,就参加了比赛。
Try to persuade him to come.
尽量劝他来。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①I do know how upset the shop staff can get,but I try to persuade them
(keep) smiling.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)
②I persuaded him I was telling the truth.
③I am still not fully persuaded the plan’s merits.
完成句子
④不要被说服购买你并不真正需要的东西。
Don’t things you don’t really need.
to keep/into keeping
that
of
be persuaded to buy/into buying
(2)donate v. 捐赠,捐献
And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy one.(2021年天津卷,完形填空)
然后他会把它们捐给那些真正能够使用它们但没有预算购买的人。
What we could do is to donate some money to them.
我们所能做的就是为他们捐赠一些钱。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①He has decided to donate half of his wealth charities.
②This has led companies and individuals (donate) money to
developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities.
(2019年江苏卷,阅读理解C)
③It is kind of you to make a (donate) to the kindergarten.
to
to donate
donation
5.He broke into a joyful smile.(教材第15页)
他(瑞安)的脸上终于露出了高兴的笑容。
◆break into a smile 突然笑起来
We watched her puzzled face break gently into a smile.
我们看见她原先迷惑的脸上轻轻绽放出了笑容。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①After hearing the sad news,the poor mother (突
然大哭).
②They were late for the party because (车
在路上出了故障).
③He (停顿) in the middle of a sentence.
broke into tears
the car broke down on the way
broke off
6.She’s usually very shy,but she’s generous and never hesitates to help.
(教材第18页)
她通常很腼腆,但她慷慨大方,会毫不犹豫地提供帮助。
◆hesitate v.迟疑,犹豫
She hesitated for a long time before making the decision.
她犹豫了很长时间才做出决定。
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions.
如有任何疑问请尽管和我联系。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Seeing the drowning boy,the young man jumped into the river without
(hesitate).
②When you are in trouble,don’t hesitate (ask) me for help.
③She seems to hesitate whether to attend the party.
hesitation
to ask
about/over
7.In China,volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in
environmental protection,disability assistance and many other fields.
(教材第19页)
在中国,志愿者在环境保护、伤残救助以及其他很多领域正同样起着越来越重要的
作用。
◆assistance n.帮助,援助
Can we be of assistance in any way
我们能帮上什么忙吗
With the assistance of his brother,he sold one painting.
在弟弟的帮助下,他卖掉了一幅画。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①I often assist my mum the housework.
②One of her fellow passengers came to her (assist) when she
was in trouble.
完成句子
③It is surprising that he has refused .
(向我们求助).
④ (在老师的帮助下),we made great
progress in English.
in/with
assistance
to turn to us for assistance/
to ask us for assistance
With the assistance of the teacher
重点句式
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.(教材第14页)
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家,许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。
◆状语从句主谓成分的省略
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy是时间状语从句As he was a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy的省略形式。状语从句中主谓成分的省略是英语语言在使用过程中出现的一种较普遍的语法现象,它能使语言言简意赅。
When asking the teacher, he was very polite.
当他问老师时,他很有礼貌。
Until finished, the problem was a continuous worry to me.
直到完成之前,这个问题一直困扰着我。
He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if possible.
如果可能的话,他将去海滨度假。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The result of the competition remained a secret until .
(declare).
②It is not polite in some places to talk while (eat).
③We will have to pay more if (go) there by taxi.
declared
eating
going
长难句分析
This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.(教材第15页)
这份领悟,始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
这是一个主从复合句。主句是This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy,其中主语是this insight,谓语是grew,从句是一个由who引导的定语从句修饰boy,to make his dream a reality是不定式作后置定语修饰the courage and perseverance。
语境运用
单句情境写作
①我们受益于学校一些社团活动,这些活动给我们提供了许多参与公益活动的机会。
.
.
②我们应该积极参加志愿活动,这能帮我们实现影响别人生活和获取多种技能的愿望。
.
.
.
We benefit from some school community activities which offer us many opportunities to engage in public welfare activities.
We should get actively involved in volunteering activities which will help us achieve our wish to make a great difference to others’ life and obtain various skills.
③她用她的慷慨使很多人摆脱了困境,并激励更多人去帮助那些需要帮助的人。
.
.
She lets many people off the hook through her generosity which also motivates more people to help those in need.
备用讲义
1.Freshwater shortage(教材第14页)
淡水资源短缺
◆shortage n.短缺,不足,缺乏
There is no heating available due to fuel shortage.
因为燃料短缺,所以没有供暖。
There is no shortage of funds.
不缺资金。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①We have (石油短缺).
②Please (弥补劳动力的短缺).
③Deserts (缺水).
a shortage of oil
cover/make up for the labour shortage
are short of water
2.fund water projects (教材第14页)资助水利工程
◆fund v.为……提供资金,资助n.基金,资金;专款
The fund was set up to try to save the ancient buildings.
(人们)设立基金以试图挽救古建筑。
The museum is privately funded.
这家博物馆由私人提供资金。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The project is jointly (fund) by several local companies.
②A sale is being held to raise (fund) for the school.
funded
funds
3.At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere
in Africa.(教材第14页)
起初,他的计划是挣些钱在非洲挖一口井。
◆earn v. 挣(钱);赚得;获得;博得
This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work,he told me.
(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
他告诉我,这种工作让你懂得珍惜自己挣来的钱并尊重那些做这项工作的人。
I think you’ve earned a rest.
我想你应该休息一下了。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①That performance earned an Oscar as Best Actress.
②He did all sorts of jobs to earn living.
her
a
4. He’s sensitive and rather serious,which sometimes makes him appear to
be a little bookish.(教材第18页)
他既敏感又严肃,这使他有时候看起来有点书呆子气。
◆sensitive adj.敏感的,容易生气的
You’re too sensitive!
你太敏感了!
She’s very sensitive to criticism.
她对批评很敏感。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①My teeth (对……过敏) cold food.
②He (对他的体重很敏感).
are sensitive to
is very sensitive about his weight
5.A reference from someone who knows you for confirmation.(教材第19页)
来自认识你的人的推荐信。
◆confirmation n.证实,证明
I would like to make a final confirmation through the mail.
我想通过发这封邮件做一个最后的确认。
It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.
已经确定会议将于下个星期举行。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①We haven’t got any confirmation the accident.
②You’d better make a final (confirm) before the party.
③I think this is a (confirm) fact.There is no doubt about it.
of
confirmation
confirmed
语法专项指导
过去分词作定语
语法原句再现
①As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,Ryan had trouble believing the
words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African
countries couldn’t get enough clean water.(教材第14页)
②What they needed was a well dug near their homes.(教材第15页)
③He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome
him.(教材第15页)
④In Uganda,Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.(教材第
15页)
⑤Many inspired people gave him their support.(教材第15页)
⑥This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy
who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.(教材
第15页)
通过观察以上句子,可以看到黑体部分都是过去分词,在句中修饰一个中心名词,作
定语。
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。
1.位于名词之前作定语的过去分词,一般只是单个的词。
The new product finally passed the required test.
新产品终于通过了要求的测试。
These repeated efforts were still inadequate.
这些重复的努力仍然不足。
过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:
The Prime Minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon.
今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。
有些过去分词可以作形容词,如:excited (兴奋的)、worried (担忧的)、crowded (拥挤的)、retired (退休的)、escaped (逃脱的)、used (用过的,二手的)。
He bought a used car last week.
他上周买了一辆二手车。
语境运用
单句语法填空
① (speak) English is different from (write) English.
②The (break) dishes lay on the floor.
Spoken
written
broken
2.如果是过去分词短语或结构作定语,则放在名词后,称为后置定语。
The idea presented by Peter is much simpler.
彼得提出的想法要简单得多。
It is a house built by the Romans.
它是一栋罗马人建的房屋。
The man followed by security guards is our chairman.
保安人员跟着的那个人是我们的主席。
单个过去分词也可以作后置定语,数量较少。如:
The experience gained will give you more confidence to help your customers.
获得的经验会给你更多的信心去帮助你的客户。
过去分词短语作后置定语,其作用相当于定语从句。
The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.
=The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance.
昨天举行的会议非常重要。
语境运用
完成句子
①Most of the artists (被邀请来到聚会的) were from
Africa.
②The manager evaluated the plan (几天前实
施的).
invited to the party
carried out a few days ago
3.及物动词的过去分词,含有被动或动作完成的意义,如:
All the tools needed will be fully supplied.
所需的所有工具将全部供应。
There are many beautifully decorated houses in this area.
这个区域有许多装饰精美的房子。
这种情况下,被修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语,如: a broken cup相当于“The cup is broken.”。
语境运用
语境选词填空
①The (injuring/injured) workers are now being taken good care
of in the hospital.
②This will be the best novel of its kind ever (written/
writing).
injured
written
4.不及物动词的过去分词没有被动意义,只表示动作的完成状态,如:
The risen sun is so bright.
升起的太阳如此耀眼。
He piled up fallen leaves in a corner of the yard.
他把落叶堆积在院子一角。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Every day we drink (boil) water.
②Professor Wu, a (retire) teacher, was invited to teach again
in this college.
boiled
retired
真题赏析
1.In 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the
countries (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural
areas.(2021年浙江卷,语法填空)
2.Today I tried cooking a simple dish myself.I like eating (fry)
tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must be easy to cook.
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)
答案及剖析:
1.studied 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study 用非谓语形式,study 与urban men and women 之间为被动关系。故填studied。
2.fried 考查非谓语动词。此处表示炒过的番茄鸡蛋,故用过去分词作定语,表示被动和动作已完成。
studied
fried
3.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially
(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
(2019年天津卷)
4.Earth Day, (mark) on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to
raise public awareness about environmental protection.
(2019年北京卷,语法填空)
答案及剖析:
3.designed 考查非谓语动词。此处 course与 design之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。
4.marked 考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知,设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语,且两者之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填marked。
designed
marked
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He told us of the great wrong (do) to him.
2.Is there anything (plan) for the weekend
3.Did you accept the invitation (give) by the tour guide
4.All the houses (build) last year were equipped with air
conditioning.
5.He is the boy (look) after by his elder sister.
done
planned
given
built
looked
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.你应该提高英语口语水平。
You should have your .
2.那个地区讲的是什么语言
What’s the language
3.受到老师鼓励的学生们学习更努力了。
The students study even harder.
4.政府决定重新修建那座被毁坏的大桥。
The government decided to .
5.剩余时间不多了,咱们快点吧!
There is .Let’s hurry up!
spoken English improved
spoken in that area
encouraged by the teacher
rebuild the damaged bridge
little time left
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.If you have trouble (fall) asleep, this method may help with
your sleep problems.
2.He made a very positive (contribute) to the success of the
project.
3.Where he once felt like giving up, he now has determination .
(push) further and keep on going.
4.Kids can benefit having access to a large number of learning
materials and reading on a regular basis.
falling
contribution
to push
from
5.One of the most (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk
about feelings with someone you trust.
6.To his parents’ (relieve), the boy made a quick recovery after
the operation.
7.It is disappointing that the research has to stop because of the
(short) of money.
8.The (real) is that there is not enough money to pay for this
project.
9.He has just set his own company, but it will take him a while
to get established.
10. (donate) time and energy to others can take you out of
yourself.
effective
relief
shortage
reality
up
Donating
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.I have (劝他好好利用)his spare time
to read more books.
2.She (感激) her teacher for her tips on how to
improve English.
3.After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling,
which (证明是) a wise decision.
4.She is one of many examples of young people who are .
(起作用) in the world.
5.After helping clean the window, he (扫视) the room to
see if there was anything else he could do.
persuaded him to make good use of
was grateful to
turned out to be
making a
difference
looked across
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
On any given day, you can find most 10-year-old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding bikes or playing video games.But Braden Baker is different.
Braden is a hearing damaged 5th-grader and has to wear hearing aids(助听器).
Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them—not once, but twice—and they had to be replaced.But at $3, 500 to $ 6,000 a pair, Braden’s carelessness was costly.
Braden’s mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining how much they cost.“I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair,” Ashley said.
Those words clearly stuck in Braden’s mind, and he realised that not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them.So recently, the 10-year-old boy decided to start a Gofundme page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.
Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money.Ashley said, “We weren’t sure how it would turn out.He began with a goal of $1, 000.We woke up the next morning and found it had raised $400.”
This encouraged him to start making more videos.Fast-forward a few months and Braden’s Gofundme page has raised over $15, 000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation.That money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children.
The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mum,“he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.”
Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.”
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了10岁的听障男孩Braden制作网页并录制视频发起筹款,帮助贫困听障儿童购买助听器的事迹。阅读本文,有利于增加学生的社会责任感,培养学生乐于助人的优秀品质。
1.Why did Braden have to change his hearing aids
A.He lost his old hearing aids as a result of his carelessness.
B.He wanted a better pair of hearing aids.
C.His hearing problem became more serious.
D.His old hearing aids got destroyed by his dog.
答案及剖析:
1.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的第二句可知, Braden的狗发现并弄坏了他的助听器。故选D。
2.What caused Braden to start a Gofundme page
A.Ashley’s words about the practical value of hearing aids.
B.Ashley’s encouragement for him to do good things for the poor
children.
C.Braden’s desire to help poor children with hearing problems.
D.Braden’s need to buy a new pair of hearing aids for himself.
答案及剖析:
2.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第四段内容可知, Braden了解到有些儿童买不起助听器,因此他想筹款帮助这些贫困听障儿童。故选C。
3.How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started
A.Uncertain. B.Satisfied.
C.Hopeful. D.Unexpected.
答案及剖析:
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第五段中的“We weren’t sure how it would turn out.”可知,一开始发起筹款时, Braden和妈妈都不确定结果会怎样。故选A。
4.What has Braden learned from working on the project
A.It is important to dream big and hold on to it.
B.A small idea may make a big difference.
C.Videoing is a good way to collect money.
D.One should always make good use of his money.
答案及剖析:
4.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据倒数第二段中的最后一句以及最后一段内容可知,Braden通过募集资金学到一件事,那就是将小小的想法付诸行动会有很好的结果出现。故选B。
B
Josh Morrison,17,dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family.After years of hard work,his dream has come true.The house is now in the early stages of building.
Six years ago,Josh and his dad went into a Habitat for Humanity Restore,a home-improvement store and donation centre run by a nonprofit organisation.They were there to buy a sink.Josh,then 11,also noticed a collection of pennies.“I instantly felt the urge to help out with that,”he said.Josh set a fundraising (筹款) deadline of four years.Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000,but it didn’t shake his faith.He raised money at his school and other nearby schools.He collected money from neighbours,got publicity from local newspapers,and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
Josh’s fundraising efforts began to produce results.Still,there were challenges.Four months before his deadline,he was $30,000 short.He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner in Uxbridge,which is in the province of Ontario.The event raised $19,000.
“I didn’t care how long it took me,”Josh said.“I would raise $100,000.”With three weeks left,a company called Josh’s house,offering to donate $18,000.Eventually,Josh reached a total of $124,000 before his deadline.“The momentum just kept going,and we decided to do more,”he said.“Josh’s Penny House”is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa,along with 24 new townhouses.Josh has helped with some of the construction,as have other volunteers.He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
Next year,the 17-year-old will head to college in British Columbia,
Canada’s westernmost province.As an 11-year-old kid when starting fundraising,Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world.No matter how old you are,if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it,it can come true.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。一个11岁的少年因一次偶然的经历决定为低收入家庭募捐建房。经过数年的不懈努力,他实现了这一梦想。阅读本文,有利于培养学生坚持不懈、勇于追梦的精神品质。
5.Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2
A.Straightforward. B.Open-minded.
C.Determined. D.Cautious.
答案及剖析:
5.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。结合文中对Josh Morrison筹款过程的描述以及第二段中的“Many people doubted...shake his faith.”可知,尽管很多人怀疑他是否能在四年中完成这件事,但是他信念坚定。由此可见他是“意志坚定的”。
6.Why was the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event held in Uxbridge
A.To call for more attention.
B.To attain his goal.
C.To win approval from the locals.
D.To find sponsors for a family.
答案及剖析:
6.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“his goal of $100,000”和第三段内容可知,在截止日期的四个月前,离他的筹款目标还差30 000美元,于是他决定举办这个活动来达到目标。
7.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean
A.His project became more popular.
B.He received continuous donations.
C.The result was beyond expectations.
D.He got more support from the company.
答案及剖析:
7.B 句意猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测语句意义的能力。根据下文中的“we decided to do more” 以及本段最后三句可知,捐款势头一直保持下去,他收到了比最初目标多的钱,于是打算做更多,他帮助建造Josh’s Penny House以及24所新住宅来帮助需要的人,所以画线处应意为“他继续收到捐款”。
8.What can be the best title of the text
A.An Astonishing Fundraiser
B.A Boy with a Warm Heart
C.Kindness from a Company
D.The Penny House Dream
答案及剖析:
8.D 标题归纳题。考查学生理解和概括归纳文章标题的能力。文章主要讲述了一个11岁的少年经过几年不懈的努力,实现为低收入家庭募捐建房的梦想的经历。第四段提到的“Josh’s Penny House”是解题的暗示。钱是Josh一分一分筹来的,因此本文最佳标题是D项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce 1. ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by 2. (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches(素描)
3. (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements, which turns out to be a 4. (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, 5. story has been told by generations in China, was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 6. place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made 7. (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulan’s story has been adapted 8. (frequent) in modern media. For example, in 1998, a foreign company produced a film named Mulan, which 9. (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong draws inspiration from her several 10. (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera. After years of preparation she finally makes this extraordinary work.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名艺术家郁蓉通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起,创作了含有中国元素的图画书 《我是花木兰》。阅读本文,有利于学生形成正确的价值观,增强民族自豪感,使之具备一定的跨文化交流和传播中华优秀文化的能力。
答案及剖析:
1.the 考查冠词。此处特指花木兰的故事,应用定冠词,故填the。
2.combining 考查非谓语动词。在介词by后作宾语,应用v.-ing形式。故填 combining。
3.to create 考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to create。
4.successful 考查形容词。and连接并列结构,此处and的后面是形容词 impressive。故此处填 successful。
5.whose 考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导一个定语从句,指代先行词 Hua Mulan,在定语从句中作 story的定语。故填whose。
6.in 考查介词。 in place of是固定短语,意为“替代”。故填in。
7.her 考查代词。此处作宾语,应用宾格。故填her。
8.frequently 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词作状语。故填 frequently。
9.was considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知, which指代上文中的 a film named Mulan,与consider是被动关系,且根据上文中的 produced可知此处应用一般过去时。故填was considered。
10.visits 考查名词复数。空格前的 several修饰可数名词复数。故填 visits。Unit 2 Making a difference
In the past 200 years,the world has been changed greatly by new inventions and discoveries.Thanks to all those scientists,people’s lives have become better than ever.Scientists like those in the pictures below have really made a great difference to the world.We should respect and learn from them.
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
1.主题语境:人与社会——优秀品行与社会责任感。
2.语篇类型:人物介绍。
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了一位名为Ryan的加拿大男孩从事公益事业和志愿服务的过程,描写了他的个人成长,引发学生思考个人成长的社会意义。阅读本文,有利于引导学生深入了解普通人乐于助人的高尚品格和善行的力量,最终形成积极参与志愿服务活动的态度。
Time clue
答案:1.build a well 2.70 3.a primary school 4.invited 5.foundation 6.perseverance 7.a reality
1.the contribution these people made to society (教材第13页)
这些人对社会所做的贡献
◆contribution n. 贡献,捐献;出资;供款
When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women,or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(2021年全国甲卷,阅读理解D)
当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时,他们不会被承认并且会被其他人拒绝。
A contribution of ￡25 will buy 15 books.
25英镑的捐款可以购买 15 本书。
单句语法填空
①Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some (contribute) to the class.
②No doubt the theater has contributed the area’s development and economic growth.
完成句子
③它与现在和一个人对现在的贡献有关,因为阅读是作者与读者之间的一种给予与获取。
It’s about the now and what one the now,because reading is a give and take between author and reader.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
答案:①contributions ②to ③contributes to
2.The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried, is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed.(教材第13页)
在皮肤被仔细清洗并擦干后,病人所感受到的安慰与缓解程度,是病床前最常见的观察记录之一。
◆relief n. 减轻,缓解
We succeeded in climbing onto the helicopter,gasping with relief.(2020年浙江卷,读后续写)
我们成功地爬上了直升机,松了一口气。
When he heard he had passed the examination,he smiled in relief.
当他听说他通过了考试时,他如释重负地笑了。
单句语法填空
①After getting through the exam successfully,he sighed relief.
② my relief,my daughter returned home safely.
③It is really relief to have a cup of coffee after work.
④It will relieve her a huge burden.
答案:①in ②To ③a ④of
3.Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective to supply Africa with fresh water.(教材第14页)
现在勾选你认为为非洲提供淡水的最有效的解决方案。
◆effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的
What is the most effective way of teaching children to read and write
用什么方法教孩子阅读与写作最有效
We have taken effective measures to preserve our cultural relics.
我们已经采取了有效措施保护我们的文化遗产。
单句语法填空
①Keeping a diary in English is one of the most (effect) ways to improve our English writing ability.
②The new rules should be put effect as soon as possible.
③Best of all,humour raises your energy,and that can have an effect everything you do at school,at work,or in your personal life.(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
④Candidates must be able to communicate (effective).
答案:①effective ②into ③on ④effectively
4.He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.
(教材第15页)
他开始向他的同学和邻居求助,劝说他们捐款。
(1)persuade vt.劝说,说服;使信服
I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.
我搁不住人家的劝说,就参加了比赛。
Try to persuade him to come.
尽量劝他来。
单句语法填空
①I do know how upset the shop staff can get,but I try to persuade them (keep) smiling.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)
②I persuaded him I was telling the truth.
③I am still not fully persuaded the plan’s merits.
完成句子
④不要被说服购买你并不真正需要的东西。
Don’t things you don’t really need.
答案:①to keep/into keeping ②that ③of
④be persuaded to buy/into buying
(2)donate v. 捐赠,捐献
And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn’t have the budget to buy one.(2021年天津卷,完形填空)
然后他会把它们捐给那些真正能够使用它们但没有预算购买的人。
What we could do is to donate some money to them.
我们所能做的就是为他们捐赠一些钱。
单句语法填空
①He has decided to donate half of his wealth charities.
②This has led companies and individuals (donate) money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities.(2019年江苏卷,阅读理解C)
③It is kind of you to make a (donate) to the kindergarten.
答案:①to ②to donate ③donation
5.He broke into a joyful smile.(教材第15页)
他(瑞安)的脸上终于露出了高兴的笑容。
◆break into a smile 突然笑起来
We watched her puzzled face break gently into a smile.
我们看见她原先迷惑的脸上轻轻绽放出了笑容。
完成句子
①After hearing the sad news,the poor mother (突然大哭).
②They were late for the party because (车在路上出了故障).
③He (停顿) in the middle of a sentence.
答案:①broke into tears ②the car broke down on the way ③broke off
6.She’s usually very shy,but she’s generous and never hesitates to help.(教材第18页)
她通常很腼腆,但她慷慨大方,会毫不犹豫地提供帮助。
◆hesitate v.迟疑,犹豫
She hesitated for a long time before making the decision.
她犹豫了很长时间才做出决定。
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions.
如有任何疑问请尽管和我联系。
单句语法填空
①Seeing the drowning boy,the young man jumped into the river without (hesitate).
②When you are in trouble,don’t hesitate (ask) me for help.
③She seems to hesitate whether to attend the party.
答案:①hesitation ②to ask ③about/over
7.In China,volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection,disability assistance and many other fields.(教材第19页)
在中国,志愿者在环境保护、伤残救助以及其他很多领域正同样起着越来越重要的作用。
◆assistance n.帮助,援助
Can we be of assistance in any way
我们能帮上什么忙吗
With the assistance of his brother,he sold one painting.
在弟弟的帮助下,他卖掉了一幅画。
单句语法填空
①I often assist my mum the housework.
②One of her fellow passengers came to her (assist) when she was in trouble.
完成句子
③It is surprising that he has refused (向我们求助).
④ (在老师的帮助下),we made great progress in English.
答案:①in/with ②assistance ③to turn to us for assistance/to ask us for assistance
④With the assistance of the teacher
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.(教材第14页)
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家,许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。
◆状语从句主谓成分的省略
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy是时间状语从句As he was a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy的省略形式。状语从句中主谓成分的省略是英语语言在使用过程中出现的一种较普遍的语法现象,它能使语言言简意赅。
When asking the teacher, he was very polite.
当他问老师时,他很有礼貌。
Until finished, the problem was a continuous worry to me.
直到完成之前,这个问题一直困扰着我。
He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if possible.
如果可能的话,他将去海滨度假。
单句语法填空
①The result of the competition remained a secret until (declare).
②It is not polite in some places to talk while (eat).
③We will have to pay more if (go) there by taxi.
答案:①declared ②eating ③going
This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.(教材第15页)
这份领悟,始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
这是一个主从复合句。主句是This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy,其中主语是this insight,谓语是grew,从句是一个由who引导的定语从句修饰boy,to make his dream a reality是不定式作后置定语修饰the courage and perseverance。
单句情境写作
①我们受益于学校一些社团活动,这些活动给我们提供了许多参与公益活动的机会。
②我们应该积极参加志愿活动,这能帮我们实现影响别人生活和获取多种技能的愿望。
③她用她的慷慨使很多人摆脱了困境,并激励更多人去帮助那些需要帮助的人。
答案:①We benefit from some school community activities which offer us many opportunities to engage in public welfare activities.
②We should get actively involved in volunteering activities which will help us achieve our wish to make a great difference to others’ life and obtain various skills.
③She lets many people off the hook through her generosity which also motivates more people to help those in need.
1.Freshwater shortage(教材第14页)
淡水资源短缺
◆shortage n.短缺,不足,缺乏
There is no heating available due to fuel shortage.
因为燃料短缺,所以没有供暖。
There is no shortage of funds.
不缺资金。
完成句子
①We have (石油短缺).
②Please (弥补劳动力的短缺).
③Deserts (缺水).
答案:①a shortage of oil ②cover/make up for the labour shortage ③are short of water
2.fund water projects (教材第14页)资助水利工程
◆fund v.为……提供资金,资助n.基金,资金;专款
The fund was set up to try to save the ancient buildings.
(人们)设立基金以试图挽救古建筑。
The museum is privately funded.
这家博物馆由私人提供资金。
单句语法填空
①The project is jointly (fund) by several local companies.
②A sale is being held to raise (fund) for the school.
答案:①funded ②funds
3.At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.(教材第14页)
起初,他的计划是挣些钱在非洲挖一口井。
◆earn v. 挣(钱);赚得;获得;博得
This was the sort of work that made you appreciate the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work,he told me.(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
他告诉我,这种工作让你懂得珍惜自己挣来的钱并尊重那些做这项工作的人。
I think you’ve earned a rest.
我想你应该休息一下了。
单句语法填空
①That performance earned an Oscar as Best Actress.
②He did all sorts of jobs to earn living.
答案:①her ②a
4. He’s sensitive and rather serious,which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.(教材第18页)
他既敏感又严肃,这使他有时候看起来有点书呆子气。
◆sensitive adj.敏感的,容易生气的
You’re too sensitive!
你太敏感了!
She’s very sensitive to criticism.
她对批评很敏感。
完成句子
①My teeth (对……过敏) cold food.
②He (对他的体重很敏感).
答案:①are sensitive to ②is very sensitive about his weight
5.A reference from someone who knows you for confirmation.(教材第19页)
来自认识你的人的推荐信。
◆confirmation n.证实,证明
I would like to make a final confirmation through the mail.
我想通过发这封邮件做一个最后的确认。
It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.
已经确定会议将于下个星期举行。
单句语法填空
①We haven’t got any confirmation the accident.
②You’d better make a final (confirm) before the party.
③I think this is a (confirm) fact.There is no doubt about it.
答案:①of ②confirmation ③confirmed
过去分词作定语
①As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.(教材第14页)
②What they needed was a well dug near their homes.(教材第15页)
③He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.(教材第15页)
④In Uganda,Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.(教材第15页)
⑤Many inspired people gave him their support.(教材第15页)
⑥This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.(教材第15页)
通过观察以上句子,可以看到黑体部分都是过去分词,在句中修饰一个中心名词,作定语。
过去分词作定语可以位于名词之前或名词之后。
1.位于名词之前作定语的过去分词,一般只是单个的词。
The new product finally passed the required test.
新产品终于通过了要求的测试。
These repeated efforts were still inadequate.
这些重复的努力仍然不足。
过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰,如:
The Prime Minister issued a cautiously worded statement this afternoon.
今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。
有些过去分词可以作形容词,如:excited (兴奋的)、worried (担忧的)、crowded (拥挤的)、retired (退休的)、escaped (逃脱的)、used (用过的,二手的)。
He bought a used car last week.
他上周买了一辆二手车。
单句语法填空
① (speak) English is different from (write) English.
②The (break) dishes lay on the floor.
答案:①Spoken;written ②broken
2.如果是过去分词短语或结构作定语,则放在名词后,称为后置定语。
The idea presented by Peter is much simpler.
彼得提出的想法要简单得多。
It is a house built by the Romans.
它是一栋罗马人建的房屋。
The man followed by security guards is our chairman.
保安人员跟着的那个人是我们的主席。
单个过去分词也可以作后置定语,数量较少。如:
The experience gained will give you more confidence to help your customers.
获得的经验会给你更多的信心去帮助你的客户。
过去分词短语作后置定语,其作用相当于定语从句。
The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.
=The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance.
昨天举行的会议非常重要。
完成句子
①Most of the artists (被邀请来到聚会的) were from Africa.
②The manager evaluated the plan (几天前实施的).
答案:①invited to the party ②carried out a few days ago
3.及物动词的过去分词,含有被动或动作完成的意义,如:
All the tools needed will be fully supplied.
所需的所有工具将全部供应。
There are many beautifully decorated houses in this area.
这个区域有许多装饰精美的房子。
这种情况下,被修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语,如: a broken cup相当于“The cup is broken.”。
语境选词填空
①The (injuring/injured) workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
②This will be the best novel of its kind ever (written/writing).
答案:①injured ②written
4.不及物动词的过去分词没有被动意义,只表示动作的完成状态,如:
The risen sun is so bright.
升起的太阳如此耀眼。
He piled up fallen leaves in a corner of the yard.
他把落叶堆积在院子一角。
单句语法填空
①Every day we drink (boil) water.
②Professor Wu, a (retire) teacher, was invited to teach again in this college.
答案:①boiled ②retired
1.In 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries
(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.(2021年浙江卷,语法填空)
2.Today I tried cooking a simple dish myself.I like eating (fry) tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must be easy to cook.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)
3.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.(2019年天津卷)
4.Earth Day, (mark) on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.(2019年北京卷,语法填空)
答案及剖析:
1.studied 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语是had,所以study 用非谓语形式,study 与urban men and women 之间为被动关系。故填studied。
2.fried 考查非谓语动词。此处表示炒过的番茄鸡蛋,故用过去分词作定语,表示被动和动作已完成。
3.designed 考查非谓语动词。此处 course与 design之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。
4.marked 考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知,设空处是要作名词Earth Day的后置定语,且两者之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填marked。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He told us of the great wrong (do) to him.
2.Is there anything (plan) for the weekend
3.Did you accept the invitation (give) by the tour guide
4.All the houses (build) last year were equipped with air conditioning.
5.He is the boy (look) after by his elder sister.
答案:1.done 2.planned 3.given 4.built 5.looked
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.你应该提高英语口语水平。
You should have your .
2.那个地区讲的是什么语言
What’s the language
3.受到老师鼓励的学生们学习更努力了。
The students study even harder.
4.政府决定重新修建那座被毁坏的大桥。
The government decided to .
5.剩余时间不多了,咱们快点吧!
There is .Let’s hurry up!
答案:1.spoken English improved 2.spoken in that area 3.encouraged by the teacher
4.rebuild the damaged bridge 5.little time left
课时作业(三) Unit 2 Part 1
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.If you have trouble (fall) asleep, this method may help with your sleep problems.
2.He made a very positive (contribute) to the success of the project.
3.Where he once felt like giving up, he now has determination (push) further and keep on going.
4.Kids can benefit having access to a large number of learning materials and reading on a regular basis.
5.One of the most (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.
6.To his parents’ (relieve), the boy made a quick recovery after the operation.
7.It is disappointing that the research has to stop because of the (short) of money.
8.The (real) is that there is not enough money to pay for this project.
9.He has just set his own company, but it will take him a while to get established.
10. (donate) time and energy to others can take you out of yourself.
答案:1.falling 2.contribution 3.to push 4.from 5.effective 6.relief 7.shortage
8.reality 9.up 10.Donating
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.I have (劝他好好利用)his spare time to read more books.
2.She (感激) her teacher for her tips on how to improve English.
3.After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, which (证明是) a wise decision.
4.She is one of many examples of young people who are (起作用) in the world.
5.After helping clean the window, he (扫视) the room to see if there was anything else he could do.
答案:1.persuaded him to make good use of
2.was grateful to 3.turned out to be
4.making a difference 5.looked across
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
On any given day, you can find most 10-year-old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding bikes or playing video games.But Braden Baker is different.
Braden is a hearing damaged 5th-grader and has to wear hearing aids(助听器).Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them—not once, but twice—and they had to be replaced.But at $3, 500 to $ 6,000 a pair, Braden’s carelessness was costly.
Braden’s mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining how much they cost.“I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair,” Ashley said.
Those words clearly stuck in Braden’s mind, and he realised that not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them.So recently, the 10-year-old boy decided to start a Gofundme page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.
Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money.Ashley said, “We weren’t sure how it would turn out.He began with a goal of $1, 000.We woke up the next morning and found it had raised $400.”
This encouraged him to start making more videos.Fast-forward a few months and Braden’s Gofundme page has raised over $15, 000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation.That money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children.
The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mum,“he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.”
Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.”
1.Why did Braden have to change his hearing aids
A.He lost his old hearing aids as a result of his carelessness.
B.He wanted a better pair of hearing aids.
C.His hearing problem became more serious.
D.His old hearing aids got destroyed by his dog.
2.What caused Braden to start a Gofundme page
A.Ashley’s words about the practical value of hearing aids.
B.Ashley’s encouragement for him to do good things for the poor children.
C.Braden’s desire to help poor children with hearing problems.
D.Braden’s need to buy a new pair of hearing aids for himself.
3.How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started
A.Uncertain. B.Satisfied.
C.Hopeful. D.Unexpected.
4.What has Braden learned from working on the project
A.It is important to dream big and hold on to it.
B.A small idea may make a big difference.
C.Videoing is a good way to collect money.
D.One should always make good use of his money.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了10岁的听障男孩Braden制作网页并录制视频发起筹款,帮助贫困听障儿童购买助听器的事迹。阅读本文,有利于增加学生的社会责任感,培养学生乐于助人的优秀品质。
答案及剖析:
1.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的第二句可知, Braden的狗发现并弄坏了他的助听器。故选D。
2.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第四段内容可知, Braden了解到有些儿童买不起助听器,因此他想筹款帮助这些贫困听障儿童。故选C。
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第五段中的“We weren’t sure how it would turn out.”可知,一开始发起筹款时, Braden和妈妈都不确定结果会怎样。故选A。
4.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据倒数第二段中的最后一句以及最后一段内容可知,Braden通过募集资金学到一件事,那就是将小小的想法付诸行动会有很好的结果出现。故选B。
B
Josh Morrison,17,dreamed of raising $100,000 to build a home for a low-income family.After years of hard work,his dream has come true.The house is now in the early stages of building.
Six years ago,Josh and his dad went into a Habitat for Humanity Restore,a home-improvement store and donation centre run by a nonprofit organisation.They were there to buy a sink.Josh,then 11,also noticed a collection of pennies.“I instantly felt the urge to help out with that,”he said.Josh set a fundraising (筹款) deadline of four years.Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of $100,000,but it didn’t shake his faith.He raised money at his school and other nearby schools.He collected money from neighbours,got publicity from local newspapers,and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
Josh’s fundraising efforts began to produce results.Still,there were challenges.Four months before his deadline,he was $30,000 short.He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner in Uxbridge,which is in the province of Ontario.The event raised $19,000.
“I didn’t care how long it took me,”Josh said.“I would raise $100,000.”With three weeks left,a company called Josh’s house,offering to donate $18,000.Eventually,Josh reached a total of $124,000 before his deadline.“The momentum just kept going,and we decided to do more,”he said.“Josh’s Penny House”is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa,along with 24 new townhouses.Josh has helped with some of the construction,as have other volunteers.He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
Next year,the 17-year-old will head to college in British Columbia,Canada’s westernmost province.As an 11-year-old kid when starting fundraising,Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world.No matter how old you are,if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it,it can come true.
5.Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2
A.Straightforward. B.Open-minded.
C.Determined. D.Cautious.
6.Why was the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event held in Uxbridge
A.To call for more attention.
B.To attain his goal.
C.To win approval from the locals.
D.To find sponsors for a family.
7.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean
A.His project became more popular.
B.He received continuous donations.
C.The result was beyond expectations.
D.He got more support from the company.
8.What can be the best title of the text
A.An Astonishing Fundraiser
B.A Boy with a Warm Heart
C.Kindness from a Company
D.The Penny House Dream
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。一个11岁的少年因一次偶然的经历决定为低收入家庭募捐建房。经过数年的不懈努力,他实现了这一梦想。阅读本文,有利于培养学生坚持不懈、勇于追梦的精神品质。
答案及剖析:
5.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。结合文中对Josh Morrison筹款过程的描述以及第二段中的“Many people doubted...shake his faith.”可知,尽管很多人怀疑他是否能在四年中完成这件事,但是他信念坚定。由此可见他是“意志坚定的”。
6.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“his goal of $100,000”和第三段内容可知,在截止日期的四个月前,离他的筹款目标还差30 000美元,于是他决定举办这个活动来达到目标。
7.B 句意猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测语句意义的能力。根据下文中的“we decided to do more” 以及本段最后三句可知,捐款势头一直保持下去,他收到了比最初目标多的钱,于是打算做更多,他帮助建造Josh’s Penny House以及24所新住宅来帮助需要的人,所以画线处应意为“他继续收到捐款”。
8.D 标题归纳题。考查学生理解和概括归纳文章标题的能力。文章主要讲述了一个11岁的少年经过几年不懈的努力,实现为低收入家庭募捐建房的梦想的经历。第四段提到的“Josh’s Penny House”是解题的暗示。钱是Josh一分一分筹来的,因此本文最佳标题是D项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Yu Rong, a Chinese artist, thinks of a new way to introduce 1. ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by 2. (combine) paper-cutting with international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches(素描) 3. (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements, which turns out to be a 4. (success) and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan, 5. story has been told by generations in China, was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army 6. place of her father. Mulan’s characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune, made 7. (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines. Mulan’s story has been adapted 8. (frequent ) in modern media. For example, in 1998, a foreign company produced a film named Mulan, which 9. (consider) a great success by critics and the public.
To better tell the story, Yu Rong draws inspiration from her several 10. (visit) to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera. After years of preparation she finally makes this extraordinary work.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名艺术家郁蓉通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起,创作了含有中国元素的图画书 《我是花木兰》。阅读本文,有利于学生形成正确的价值观,增强民族自豪感,使之具备一定的跨文化交流和传播中华优秀文化的能力。
答案及剖析:
1.the 考查冠词。此处特指花木兰的故事,应用定冠词,故填the。
2.combining 考查非谓语动词。在介词by后作宾语,应用v.-ing形式。故填 combining。
3.to create 考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to create。
4.successful 考查形容词。and连接并列结构,此处and的后面是形容词 impressive。故此处填 successful。
5.whose 考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导一个定语从句,指代先行词 Hua Mulan,在定语从句中作 story的定语。故填whose。
6.in 考查介词。 in place of是固定短语,意为“替代”。故填in。
7.her 考查代词。此处作宾语,应用宾格。故填her。
8.frequently 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词作状语。故填 frequently。
9.was considered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知, which指代上文中的 a film named Mulan,与consider是被动关系,且根据上文中的 produced可知此处应用一般过去时。故填was considered。
10.visits 考查名词复数。空格前的 several修饰可数名词复数。故填 visits。(共58张PPT)
Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
学习理解·语篇解构
核心知识·深入探究
备用讲义
写作专项指导
课时作业
学习理解·语篇解构
1.主题语境:人与社会——优秀品行和社会贡献。
2.语篇类型:人物介绍。
3.课文内容分析:本文讲述了尼古拉斯·温顿在第二次世界大战前夕不畏艰险、不计
名利,拯救了669个犹太儿童并最终被世人知晓,得到极大的尊重和荣誉的故事。阅
读本文,有利于学生理解并学习在危险环境中坚持善行、关爱他人的人生态度。
语篇导读 先行把握
多维解读 深度剖析
Time clue
Time Things and actions
On 19 May 1909 Nicholas Winton was born in 1. .
On leaving school Winton worked in 2. in Germany and France.
In December 1938 Winton began to save children in danger.
By 3. Winton had saved 669 children.
During World War Ⅱ Winton served as an 4. in Britain’s Royal Air Force.
In 5. Winton left the military.
After 1954 Winton worked for 6. and for various companies.
In 1988 Winton became a 7. figure around the world.
In 2003 Winton received various honours,including a 8. .
In 9. Winton received the Order of the White Lion.
On 1 July 2015 Winton 10. .
London
banks
August 1939
officer
1954
international charities
respected
knighthood
2014
passed away
重点词汇
1.In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people
who were escaping from the Nazis.(教材第20页)
1938年12月,一位朋友请求温顿前往布拉格帮助那里的人们逃脱纳粹的迫害。
核心知识·深入探究
◆aid n.帮助,援助;助手;帮助者
v.帮助,援助
This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.
这项工作没有计算机的帮助是不行的。
The new test should aid in the early detection of the disease.
新的化验应该有助于这种疾病的早期检测。
归纳拓展
词语辨析
aid 多指经济上或其他方面急需的援助
assist 只表示辅助性的帮助
help 用法较为广泛,可替代aid和assist,可指任何形式的帮助
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Mrs Coxen was aided in (look after) the children by
her niece.
②Words will be displayed around the room to aid students .
spelling.
③We’re collecting money in aid cancer research.
looking after
with/in
of
2.A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
(教材第21页)
温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。
◆rise to one’s feet 站起身来
The guests rose to their feet, applauding the golden couple.
来宾都站了起来,为金婚夫妻鼓掌祝贺。
As he spoke, supporters rose to their feet, pumped their fists in the air and shouted his name.
他讲话时,他的支持者们站了起来,在空中挥舞着拳头,高喊着他的名字。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The young man should do well,and may even rise great fame.
②The wounded man was weak and fell down,but he tried to rise to .
feet.
to
his
3.Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement,including a
knighthood in 2003,and the Czech government’s highest honour, the
Order of the White Lion, in 2014.(教材第21页)
此后,温顿的成就为他赢得了各种各样的荣誉,其中包括2003年获得的爵士称号,
以及2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
◆achievement n.成绩,成就
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
即便是小小的成功也会给你一种成就感。
Tu Youyou has made great achievements in the medical field.
屠呦呦在医学领域取得了很大的成就。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①It was a remarkable (achieve) for such a young player.
②The test measures children’s achievements reading, spelling
and maths.
achievement
in
4.Worked as the leader of a research team aiming to discover a treatment
for malaria(教材第23页)
作为研究小组的组长,致力于发现治疗疟疾的方法
◆treatment n.治疗;疗法;待遇,对待
She is responding well to treatment.
她经过治疗大有起色。
Certain city areas have been singled out for special treatment.
某些城区已被划出去,要进行特别治理。
归纳拓展
词语辨析
treat 意为“医治,治疗”,强调治疗的过程或治疗的动作,不涉及治疗的结果
cure 意为“治愈,治好”,强调结果,常用于cure sb.of sth.(治愈某人的……病)结构
语境运用
单句语法填空
①There are various (treat) available for this condition.
②No matter who he is,you should treat him respect.
语境选词填空(treat/cure)
③The doctor her with a new drug for the flu and he believes that
the medicine will her cold.
treatments
with
treats
cure
重点句式
On leaving school,Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.(教材第20页)
从学校毕业后,温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
◆“一……就……”
句中On leaving表示“一离开……就……”,其中on在此处表示时间,即as soon as someone has done something。
There was a letter waiting for him on his return.
他一回来就有一封信在等着他看。
On arriving home I discovered they had gone.
我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
其他表示“一……就……”的结构:
①as soon as+从句
②the moment/the minute/the instant+从句
③immediately/instantly+从句
④no sooner...than.../hardly...when...(一般如果主句用过去完成时,则从句
用一般过去时;如果no sooner或hardly位于句首,则主句应部分倒装。)
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Upon (graduate) from the university,he decided to go to
the west of China.
完成句子
②我一看到Jack就要告诉他这个好消息。
I’ll tell Jack the good news .
I see him.
③他一到学校就开始打扫教室。
at the school,he began to clean
the classroom.
graduating
as soon as/immediately/instantly/the moment/the minute/the instant
On/Upon arriving/On/Upon his arrival
长难句分析
In Prague,Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger.(教材第20页)
在布拉格,温顿看到人们生活在绝境中,连生命都受到威胁。
句中 people作saw的宾语,living in terrible conditions是宾语补足语,补充说明 people,同时whose引导定语从句修饰people。
语境运用
单句情境写作
①我注意到Alex忙于工作,几乎没有时间和家人待在一起。
I noticed Alex occupied with his work and who hardly had time to stay with his family.
②我看到Alex失去了工作却仍然积极面对生活。
I saw Alex lose his job and who still adopted a positive attitude to life.
③我听Alex谈论他以前做志愿者的经历,他的能力足以胜任这个职位。
I heard Alex talking about his previous experience as a volunteer and whose ability was enough for this position.
备用讲义
1.He established an office to keep records of the children, and then
returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.(教材第20页)
他开设了一个办事处,记录孩子们的信息,然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。
◆temporary adj 短期的,短暂的;临时的
It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break,for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
春假期间,市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙,我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。
This arrangement is only temporary.
这只是暂时的安排。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①他们不得不搬进临时住所。
They had to move into .
②半数以上的职员是临时雇员。
More than half the staff .
③在你定下来想做什么之前,也许可以考虑干点临时性工作。
You might until you decide what you want to
do.
temporary accommodation
are temporary
consider temporary work
2.chief (教材第23页)
adj.最高级别的,首席的;主要的
Gardening is one of her chief enjoyments.
园艺工作是她最主要的乐趣之一。
n.首领;酋长
They said they would only let us through if we hired the chief and his brother as guides.
他们说,只有我们雇用部族首领和他的兄弟作为向导,才允许我们通过此地。
In that particular, chief, you’re nearer reason, and therefore nearer being right.
在这一点上,酋长,你说得比较近情理,所以也比较正确。
注意:chief作可数名词变复数时直接加s.
3.Do further research if necessary.(教材第23页)
假如有必要就做进一步的研究。
◆further adj.更多的,附加的;更远的,较远的,进一步的
London is further from Manchester than Leeds.
与利兹相比,伦敦离曼彻斯特更远。
How much further is it to Glasgow
这儿离格拉斯哥还有多远
I have nothing further to say.
我没有别的话说了。
We have decided to take no further action.
我们决定不采取进一步行动。
adv.(空间上)更远地,较远地,(时间上)再往前地
Now we live further away from the city centre.
现在我们住得离市中心更远了。
It has its origins much further back in time.
它的起源在时间上要追溯得更远。
Further up,the weather changes—low clouds envelop the mountainsides,which are covered with thick grass.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
再往上,天气变了——低垂的乌云笼罩着被厚厚的野草覆盖的山坡。
写作专项指导
Writing a biography
文本解读
1.文体类型:人物传记,属于记叙文范畴,常用于记载人物生平事迹。
2.要点内容:(1)人物的基本情况介绍及最突出的成就介绍;(2)人物的主要事件和
工作经历介绍;(3)个人的评价。
思路指引
实用表达
人物传记首段常用句式:
Sb.is born in...
He/She graduated from...and worked in...
Sb.is known as...
Sb.is regarded as...
人物传记中段常用句式:
He/She has made a lot of achievements in...
He/She has made discoveries in the area of...
He/She devoted his/her life to...
He/She has made great contributions to...
人物传记尾段常用句式:
He/She will be remembered by people forever.
I think we should learn from him/her.
Although he/she died,he/she left us great treasure.
佳作建构
请根据以下信息写一篇词数为80个左右的人物传记,介绍“中国杂交水稻之父”袁隆平。
Date of birth: September 1930
Place of birth: Beijing
Education:1949.08-1953.08,Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute(now Southwest University)
Major Work Experience:
1984-2015:Director of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre
2016-2021.05:Director of Qingdao Sea-rice Research and Development Centre
Major Achievements and Awards:
2016:Achieving a double-season super rice yield of 1,537.78 kg per mu(1 mu is about 667 sqm),a world record for double-season rice production.
2018:The measured yield in the organic film test field in Sanya Rice National Park was 1,065.3 kg per mu,which was the highest in the history of rice yield in Hainan Province.
2018:The rice planted in the tropical desert in Dubai reached a maximum yield of more than 500 kg.
On 17 September 2019,Yuan Longping was awarded “the Medal of the Republic”.
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. n.贡献
2. adj.有效的,产生预期效果的
3. n.职责;使命
4. adj.重要的,主要的
5. v.获得,得到
6. adj.更多的,更进一步的
contribution
effective
mission
major
obtain
further
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.袁隆平于1930年9月出生于北京,他作为中国“杂交水稻之父”而著名。
Yuan Longping, in September,1930,Beijing,is China’s
“Father of Hybrid Rice”.
2.他毕业于西南大学农业系。
He the Agriculture Department in Southwest University.
3.他投身于农业研究,并在这一领域为国家乃至世界做出了巨大贡献。
He the agricultural research and made
the country and even the world in this
field.
4.他研制的超级水稻产量取得了有效的进展并达到世界纪录。
The super rice him and
reached a world record in production.
born
known as
graduated from
devoted himself to
lots of major contributions to
developed by
obtained effective progress
5.他在2019年被授予“共和国勋章”。
He “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
6.他牢记国家使命,推动了杂交水稻研究的进一步发展。
He kept in mind the and promoted the
of hybrid rice research.
was awarded
national mission
further development
亮点提升
1.句2改写成“介词+非谓语动词”形式作状语,然后与句3合并。
After graduating from the Agriculture Department in Southwest University,he devoted himself to the agricultural research and made lots of major contributions to the country and even the world in this field.
2.句5改写成非谓语动词短语作状语,然后与句6合并。
Awarded “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019,he kept in mind the national mission and promoted the further development of hybrid rice research.
范文展示
Yuan Longping,born in September,1930,Beijing,is known as China’s “Father of Hybrid Rice”.After graduating from the Agriculture Department in Southwest University,he devoted himself to the agricultural research and made lots of major contributions to the country and even the world in this field.
Yuan Longping has made a lot of achievements in the area of hybrid rice. For example,in 2016,the super rice developed by him obtained effective progress and reached a world record in production. And in 2018,the rice planted in the tropical desert in Dubai reached a maximum yield of more than 500 kg.
Awarded “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019,he kept in mind the national mission and promoted the further development of hybrid rice research. I think we should all learn from his self-sacrifice,modesty and diligence.
写作练习
请根据以下信息写一篇关于程开甲的人物介绍,词数为80个左右。
人物 程开甲
荣誉 著名理论物理学家,“两弹一星”功勋奖获得者,2013年国家最高科学技术奖获得者,我国核武器事业的开拓者之一
事迹 1918年8月生于江苏吴江;1946年8月赴英留学,后放弃了国外优厚条件回到中国;1960年,加入我国核武器研究的队伍,为开创中国核武器研究和核试验事业,倾注了毕生的心血和才智
参考词汇:理论的 theoretical、国家最高科学技术奖 Highest Science and Technology Awards
写作指导
One possible version:
Cheng Kaijia,born in August 1918,Jiangsu Province,is a famous theoretical physicist.He,who is the winner of the Two Bombs and One Satellite Award and the 2013 Highest Science and Technology Awards,is one of the pioneers of China’s nuclear weapons.
In August 1946,Cheng Kaijia went to Britain to study. Later he gave up favourable conditions abroad and returned to China. In 1960,he joined China’s nuclear weapons research team and devoted all his efforts and talents to China’s nuclear weapons research and testing.
The reason why our society is in continuous progress is that there are countless people like him who have been silently dedicated themselves to the country,not asking for anything in return.
1.Before opening a clinic, it is necessary for you to .
(obtainable) a medical license.
2.He has recovered from his illness because of the timely and good
(treat).
3.Higher self-expectation is regarded as a (majority) reason why
young people live a fast-paced life.
4.The interview was over and he was told to wait for (far)
notice about the result.
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.语境填词
obtain
treatment
major
further
5. one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our
self-improvement power.
6.The label was misleading because it gave the impression that the
products had been certified by a third party when the .
(certificate) was the company’s own.
7.Luckily, the three of us met an old couple when we got lost, and it
was they who took us that night.
8.When she went outside she was (temporary) blinded by
the sun.
9.Reading foreign journals was not as easy as I had expected, but it
offered me a sense of (achieve) and aroused my interest in
learning the language.
10.My idea is that they should keep records what they have done.
At
certification
in
temporarily
achievement
of
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1. (急救), if carried out properly, can make a great
difference in saving lives.
2.I am in the habit of (记录)all my expenses every
day.
3. (曾经)he considered becoming a professional soccer
player, but finally he made a career in tennis.
4.Halfway through the race she stumbled and fell down on the track,
scraping her palms and knees, but she soon (站起
来) and limped to the finish line.
5.There are an increasing number of people who are willing to donate
their organs after they (去世)in recent years.
First aid
keeping records of
At one point
rose to her feet
pass away
话题延伸·素养升华
阅读理解
A
China’s Bao Yongqing has been named the overall winner of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition for 2019, claiming one of the world’s top photography awards.
The competition is developed and produced by the Natural History Museum in London.The 55th competition in 2019 drew more than 48, 000 entries from 100 countries.The winning entry by Bao, a native of Qinghai province, is titled The Moment.It captures a remarkable standoff(僵持) between a Tibetan fox and a marmot(旱獭), and was taken on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.“Photographically, it is quite simply the perfect moment,” said Roz Kidman Cox, the chairwoman of the judging panel.“The expressive intensity(紧张) of the postures makes you surprised, and the thread of energy between the raised paws seems to hold the protagonists in perfect balance,” Cox said. “To have captured such a powerful interaction between a Tibetan fox and a marmot —two species key to the ecology of this high-grassland region is extraordinary.” Museum Director Michael Dixon said the picture captured “nature’s ultimate challenge — the battle for survival”.
Bao, in a group interview on Wednesday, said of the photo,“It is very difficult and rare to capture this kind of moment,so I knew it was something very special.It took about two or three hours to get this photo.I was watching them for a long time.I have paid attention to this competition for a long time, and my first purpose was to show my image to the world, and secondly to protect the environment and my homeland.In my hometown, everyone looks after the animals, so when I go home with this award, it will be an encouragement to our people to be more protective of animals and the environment.” In addition, the photographer said,“This competition is one of the most important among photographers in China, so I wanted to draw people’s attention to animal protection.I hope it will introduce a passion for animals to more people.”
语篇导读:本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了中国摄影师鲍永清被评为2019年度野生动物摄影师大赛的总冠军一事。鲍永清想借他的摄影作品呼吁人们保护野生动物和自然环境。阅读本文,有利于提高学生保护动物和自然环境的意识。
1.What does the underlined word “protagonists” in the second paragraph
mean
A.Onlookers. B.Photographers.
C.Hunters. D.Main characters.
答案及剖析:
1.D 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词义的能力。根据第二段内容可知,鲍永清的作品很好地定格了一只藏狐和一只旱獭对峙时的场面。 protagonists在此处指对峙中的主角,即这两只动物。故选D。
2.What can we know about the competition according to the first two
paragraphs
A.It originated from London.
B.It is a domestic competition in China.
C.It draws worldwide attention, making it the best event in photography.
D.Its entries are strictly restricted, mainly focusing on endangered
animals.
答案及剖析:
2.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第一句可知,这次比赛起源于伦敦。故选A。
3.What is the main reason for Bao’s winning the award
A.His capturing a crucial scene between two typical species.
B.His spirit of never giving up in the face of difficulties.
C.His devotion to wildlife protection.
D.His publicizing the knowledge of rare animals.
答案及剖析:
3.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的“Photographically, it is quite simply the perfect moment.”和本段最后一句可推知,鲍永清的作品获奖是因为他拍摄的这张照片完美定格了高原上一只藏狐和一只旱獭对峙的惊心动魄的时刻。故选A。
B
There’s something satisfying about volunteering.Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected,thus warding off loneliness and depression.But a growing body of evidence suggests that people who give their time to others might also be rewarded with better physical health,including lower blood pressure and a longer lifespan.
Evidence of volunteerism’s physical effects can be found in a recent study from Carnegie Mellon University,published this month in Psychology and Aging.Adults over age 50 who volunteered on a regular basis were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers.High blood pressure is an important indicator of health because it contributes to heart disease,stroke,and premature death.
It’s impossible for this study to prove that volunteering was directly responsible for the lower blood pressure.People who volunteer may be more likely to do other things,like eating a healthy diet or exercise,which lower blood pressure.But the results are in line with other findings on the topic.
How might volunteering contribute to lower blood pressure Performing volunteer work could increase physical activity among people who aren’t otherwise very active,says leading study author Rodlescia Sneed,a doctoral candidate in social and health psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.It may also reduce stress.“Many people find volunteer work helpful with respect to stress reduction,and we know that stress is very strongly linked to health outcomes,” she says.
A 2012 study in the journal Health Psychology found that participants who volunteered with some regularity lived longer,but only if their intentions were truly altruistic.In other words,they had to be volunteering to help others—not to make themselves feel better.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle once guessed that the essence of life is “To serve others and do good.” If recent research is any indication,
serving others might also be the essence of good health.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了志愿者活动对人的身心都有好处这一现象,并分析了其背后的原因。阅读本文,有利于鼓励学生参与社会活动,奉献自我,实现人生价值。
4.Which can replace the underlined phrase “warding off” in Paragraph 1
A.Getting rid of. B.Keeping up with.
C.Running out of. D.Putting up with.
答案及剖析:
4.A 短语猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测短语意义的能力。根据上文“Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected,thus...”可知,志愿服务帮助那些奉献时间的人感受到更多的社会联系,从而帮助他们摆脱孤独和抑郁。由此可知,画线短语意思为“摆脱”。故选A。
5.Why does the author mention the study from Carnegie Mellon University
A.To prove the benefit of volunteering to health.
B.To find out volunteerism’s physical effects on heart.
C.To explain the connection between exercise and health.
D.To warn readers the danger of volunteering to blood pressure.
答案及剖析:
5.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的前两句可推知,作者提到卡耐基梅隆大学的研究,是为了证明志愿服务对健康的好处。故选A。
6.What can we learn from what Rodlescia Sneed said
A.Volunteers are supposed to be more outgoing.
B.Volunteer work can make people lack sports.
C.Taking appropriate exercise can strengthen social connection.
D.Performing volunteer work contributes to reducing stress.
6.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“‘Many people find volunteer work helpful...to health outcomes,’she says.”可知,Rodlescia Sneed说:“许多人发现志愿工作有助于减轻压力,我们知道压力与健康息息相关”。故选D。
答案及剖析:
7.What’s the text mainly about
A.Volunteering can lower blood pressure.
B.Volunteering is beneficial to mental health.
C.Volunteering may be good for body and mind.
D.Volunteering can avoid suffering from heart disease.
7.C 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。根据第一段内容及文章介绍的志愿者活动对人的身心都有好处这一现象及其背后的原因可知,这篇文章的主要内容是志愿活动可能对身心都有好处。故选C。
答案及剖析:Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
1.主题语境:人与社会——优秀品行和社会贡献。
2.语篇类型:人物介绍。
3.课文内容分析:本文讲述了尼古拉斯·温顿在第二次世界大战前夕不畏艰险、不计名利,拯救了669个犹太儿童并最终被世人知晓,得到极大的尊重和荣誉的故事。阅读本文,有利于学生理解并学习在危险环境中坚持善行、关爱他人的人生态度。
Time clue
Time Things and actions
On 19 May 1909 Nicholas Winton was born in 1. .
On leaving school Winton worked in 2. in Germany and France.
In December 1938 Winton began to save children in danger.
By 3. Winton had saved 669 children.
During World War Ⅱ Winton served as an 4. in Britain’s Royal Air Force.
In 5. Winton left the military.
After 1954 Winton worked for 6. and for various companies.
In 1988 Winton became a 7. figure around the world.
In 2003 Winton received various honours,including a 8. .
In 9. Winton received the Order of the White Lion.
On 1 July 2015 Winton 10. .
答案:1.London 2.banks 3.August 1939 4.officer 5.1954 6.international charities 7.respected
8.knighthood 9.2014 10.passed away
1.In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.(教材第20页)
1938年12月,一位朋友请求温顿前往布拉格帮助那里的人们逃脱纳粹的迫害。
◆aid n.帮助,援助;助手;帮助者
v.帮助,援助
This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.
这项工作没有计算机的帮助是不行的。
The new test should aid in the early detection of the disease.
新的化验应该有助于这种疾病的早期检测。
aid 多指经济上或其他方面急需的援助
assist 只表示辅助性的帮助
help 用法较为广泛,可替代aid和assist,可指任何形式的帮助
单句语法填空
①Mrs Coxen was aided in (look after) the children by her niece.
②Words will be displayed around the room to aid students spelling.
③We’re collecting money in aid cancer research.
答案:①looking after ②with/in ③of
2.A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.(教材第21页)
温顿震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。
◆rise to one’s feet 站起身来
The guests rose to their feet, applauding the golden couple.
来宾都站了起来,为金婚夫妻鼓掌祝贺。
As he spoke, supporters rose to their feet, pumped their fists in the air and shouted his name.
他讲话时,他的支持者们站了起来,在空中挥舞着拳头,高喊着他的名字。
单句语法填空
①The young man should do well,and may even rise great fame.
②The wounded man was weak and fell down,but he tried to rise to feet.
答案:①to ②his
3.Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement,including a knighthood in 2003,and the Czech government’s highest honour, the Order of the White Lion, in 2014.(教材第21页)
此后,温顿的成就为他赢得了各种各样的荣誉,其中包括2003年获得的爵士称号,以及2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
◆achievement n.成绩,成就
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
即便是小小的成功也会给你一种成就感。
Tu Youyou has made great achievements in the medical field.
屠呦呦在医学领域取得了很大的成就。
单句语法填空
①It was a remarkable (achieve) for such a young player.
②The test measures children’s achievements reading, spelling and maths.
答案:①achievement ②in
4.Worked as the leader of a research team aiming to discover a treatment for malaria(教材第23页)
作为研究小组的组长,致力于发现治疗疟疾的方法
◆treatment n.治疗;疗法;待遇,对待
She is responding well to treatment.
她经过治疗大有起色。
Certain city areas have been singled out for special treatment.
某些城区已被划出去,要进行特别治理。
treat 意为“医治,治疗”,强调治疗的过程或治疗的动作,不涉及治疗的结果
cure 意为“治愈,治好”,强调结果,常用于cure sb.of sth.(治愈某人的……病)结构
单句语法填空
①There are various (treat) available for this condition.
②No matter who he is,you should treat him respect.
语境选词填空(treat/cure)
③The doctor her with a new drug for the flu and he believes that the medicine will her cold.
答案:①treatments ②with ③treats;cure
On leaving school,Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.(教材第20页)
从学校毕业后,温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
◆“一……就……”
句中On leaving表示“一离开……就……”,其中on在此处表示时间,即as soon as someone has done something。
There was a letter waiting for him on his return.
他一回来就有一封信在等着他看。
On arriving home I discovered they had gone.
我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
其他表示“一……就……”的结构:
①as soon as+从句
②the moment/the minute/the instant+从句
③immediately/instantly+从句
④no sooner...than.../hardly...when...(一般如果主句用过去完成时,则从句用一般过去时;如果no sooner或hardly位于句首,则主句应部分倒装。)
单句语法填空
①Upon (graduate) from the university,he decided to go to the west of China.
完成句子
②我一看到Jack就要告诉他这个好消息。
I’ll tell Jack the good news I see him.
③他一到学校就开始打扫教室。
at the school,he began to clean the classroom.
答案:①graduating ②as soon as/immediately/
instantly/the moment/the minute/the instant
③On/Upon arriving/On/Upon his arrival
In Prague,Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger.(教材第20页)
在布拉格,温顿看到人们生活在绝境中,连生命都受到威胁。
句中 people作saw的宾语,living in terrible conditions是宾语补足语,补充说明 people,同时whose引导定语从句修饰people。
单句情境写作
①我注意到Alex忙于工作,几乎没有时间和家人待在一起。
②我看到Alex失去了工作却仍然积极面对生活。
③我听Alex谈论他以前做志愿者的经历,他的能力足以胜任这个职位。
答案:①I noticed Alex occupied with his work and who hardly had time to stay with his family.
②I saw Alex lose his job and who still adopted a positive attitude to life.
③I heard Alex talking about his previous experience as a volunteer and whose ability was enough for this position.
1.He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary homes for them.(教材第20页)
他开设了一个办事处,记录孩子们的信息,然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。
◆temporary adj 短期的,短暂的;临时的
It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break,for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
春假期间,市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙,我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。
This arrangement is only temporary.
这只是暂时的安排。
完成句子
①他们不得不搬进临时住所。
They had to move into .
②半数以上的职员是临时雇员。
More than half the staff .
③在你定下来想做什么之前,也许可以考虑干点临时性工作。
You might until you decide what you want to do.
答案:①temporary accommodation ② are temporary ③consider temporary work
2.chief (教材第23页)
adj.最高级别的,首席的;主要的
Gardening is one of her chief enjoyments.
园艺工作是她最主要的乐趣之一。
n.首领;酋长
They said they would only let us through if we hired the chief and his brother as guides.
他们说,只有我们雇用部族首领和他的兄弟作为向导,才允许我们通过此地。
In that particular, chief, you’re nearer reason, and therefore nearer being right.
在这一点上,酋长,你说得比较近情理,所以也比较正确。
注意:chief作可数名词变复数时直接加s.
3.Do further research if necessary.(教材第23页)
假如有必要就做进一步的研究。
◆further adj.更多的,附加的;更远的,较远的,进一步的
London is further from Manchester than Leeds.
与利兹相比,伦敦离曼彻斯特更远。
How much further is it to Glasgow
这儿离格拉斯哥还有多远
I have nothing further to say.
我没有别的话说了。
We have decided to take no further action.
我们决定不采取进一步行动。
adv.(空间上)更远地,较远地,(时间上)再往前地
Now we live further away from the city centre.
现在我们住得离市中心更远了。
It has its origins much further back in time.
它的起源在时间上要追溯得更远。
Further up,the weather changes—low clouds envelop the mountainsides,which are covered with thick grass.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
再往上,天气变了——低垂的乌云笼罩着被厚厚的野草覆盖的山坡。
Writing a biography
1.文体类型:人物传记,属于记叙文范畴,常用于记载人物生平事迹。
2.要点内容:(1)人物的基本情况介绍及最突出的成就介绍;(2)人物的主要事件和工作经历介绍;(3)个人的评价。
人物传记首段常用句式:
Sb.is born in...
He/She graduated from...and worked in...
Sb.is known as...
Sb.is regarded as...
人物传记中段常用句式:
He/She has made a lot of achievements in...
He/She has made discoveries in the area of...
He/She devoted his/her life to...
He/She has made great contributions to...
人物传记尾段常用句式:
He/She will be remembered by people forever.
I think we should learn from him/her.
Although he/she died,he/she left us great treasure.
请根据以下信息写一篇词数为80个左右的人物传记,介绍“中国杂交水稻之父”袁隆平。
Date of birth: September 1930
Place of birth: Beijing
Education:1949.08-1953.08,Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute(now Southwest University)
Major Work Experience:
1984-2015:Director of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre
2016-2021.05:Director of Qingdao Sea-rice Research and Development Centre
Major Achievements and Awards:
2016:Achieving a double-season super rice yield of 1,537.78 kg per mu(1 mu is about 667 sqm),a world record for double-season rice production.
2018:The measured yield in the organic film test field in Sanya Rice National Park was 1,065.3 kg per mu,which was the highest in the history of rice yield in Hainan Province.
2018:The rice planted in the tropical desert in Dubai reached a maximum yield of more than 500 kg.
On 17 September 2019,Yuan Longping was awarded “the Medal of the Republic”.
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. n.贡献
2. adj.有效的,产生预期效果的
3. n.职责;使命
4. adj.重要的,主要的
5. v.获得,得到
6. adj.更多的,更进一步的
答案:1.contribution 2.effective 3.mission
4.major 5.obtain 6.further
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.袁隆平于1930年9月出生于北京,他作为中国“杂交水稻之父”而著名。
Yuan Longping, in September,1930,Beijing,is China’s “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
2.他毕业于西南大学农业系。
He the Agriculture Department in Southwest University.
3.他投身于农业研究,并在这一领域为国家乃至世界做出了巨大贡献。
He the agricultural research and made the country and even the world in this field.
4.他研制的超级水稻产量取得了有效的进展并达到世界纪录。
The super rice him and reached a world record in production.
5.他在2019年被授予“共和国勋章”。
He “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
6.他牢记国家使命,推动了杂交水稻研究的进一步发展。
He kept in mind the and promoted the of hybrid rice research.
答案:1.born;known as 2.graduated from
3.devoted himself to;lots of major
contributions to 4.developed by;obtained effective progress 5.was awarded
6.national mission;further development
1.句2改写成“介词+非谓语动词”形式作状语,然后与句3合并。
2.句5改写成非谓语动词短语作状语,然后与句6合并。
答案:1.After graduating from the Agriculture Department in Southwest University,he devoted himself to the agricultural research and made lots of major contributions to the country and even the world in this field.
2.Awarded “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019,he kept in mind the national mission and promoted the further development of hybrid rice research.
Yuan Longping,born in September,1930,Beijing,is known as China’s “Father of Hybrid Rice”.After graduating from the Agriculture Department in Southwest University,he devoted himself to the agricultural research and made lots of major contributions to the country and even the world in this field.
Yuan Longping has made a lot of achievements in the area of hybrid rice. For example,in 2016,the super rice developed by him obtained effective progress and reached a world record in production. And in 2018,the rice planted in the tropical desert in Dubai reached a maximum yield of more than 500 kg.
Awarded “the Medal of the Republic” in 2019,he kept in mind the national mission and promoted the further development of hybrid rice research. I think we should all learn from his self-sacrifice,modesty and diligence.
请根据以下信息写一篇关于程开甲的人物介绍,词数为80个左右。
人物 程开甲
荣誉 著名理论物理学家,“两弹一星”功勋奖获得者,2013年国家最高科学技术奖获得者,我国核武器事业的开拓者之一
事迹 1918年8月生于江苏吴江;1946年8月赴英留学,后放弃了国外优厚条件回到中国;1960年,加入我国核武器研究的队伍,为开创中国核武器研究和核试验事业,倾注了毕生的心血和才智
参考词汇:理论的 theoretical、国家最高科学技术奖 Highest Science and Technology Awards
One possible version:
Cheng Kaijia,born in August 1918,Jiangsu Province,is a famous theoretical physicist.He,who is the winner of the Two Bombs and One Satellite Award and the 2013 Highest Science and Technology Awards,is one of the pioneers of China’s nuclear weapons.
In August 1946,Cheng Kaijia went to Britain to study. Later he gave up favourable conditions abroad and returned to China. In 1960,he joined China’s nuclear weapons research team and devoted all his efforts and talents to China’s nuclear weapons research and testing.
The reason why our society is in continuous progress is that there are countless people like him who have been silently dedicated themselves to the country,not asking for anything in return.
课时作业(四) Unit 2 Part 2
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.Before opening a clinic, it is necessary for you to (obtainable) a medical license.
2.He has recovered from his illness because of the timely and good (treat).
3.Higher self-expectation is regarded as a (majority) reason why young people live a fast-paced life.
4.The interview was over and he was told to wait for (far) notice about the result.
5. one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power.
6.The label was misleading because it gave the impression that the products had been certified by a third party when the (certificate) was the company’s own.
7.Luckily, the three of us met an old couple when we got lost, and it was they who took us that night.
8.When she went outside she was (temporary) blinded by the sun.
9.Reading foreign journals was not as easy as I had expected, but it offered me a sense of (achieve) and aroused my interest in learning the language.
10.My idea is that they should keep records what they have done.
答案:1.obtain 2.treatment 3.major
4.further 5.At 6.certification 7.in
8.temporarily 9.achievement 10.of
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1. (急救), if carried out properly, can make a great difference in saving lives.
2.I am in the habit of (记录)all my expenses every day.
3. (曾经)he considered becoming a professional soccer player, but finally he made a career in tennis.
4.Halfway through the race she stumbled and fell down on the track, scraping her palms and knees, but she soon (站起来) and limped to the finish line.
5.There are an increasing number of people who are willing to donate their organs after they (去世)in recent years.
答案:1.First aid 2.keeping records of 3.At one point 4.rose to her feet 5.pass away
阅读理解
A
China’s Bao Yongqing has been named the overall winner of the Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition for 2019, claiming one of the world’s top photography awards.
The competition is developed and produced by the Natural History Museum in London.The 55th competition in 2019 drew more than 48, 000 entries from 100 countries.The winning entry by Bao, a native of Qinghai province, is titled The Moment.It captures a remarkable standoff(僵持) between a Tibetan fox and a marmot(旱獭), and was taken on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.“Photographically, it is quite simply the perfect moment,” said Roz Kidman Cox, the chairwoman of the judging panel.“The expressive intensity(紧张) of the postures makes you surprised, and the thread of energy between the raised paws seems to hold the protagonists in perfect balance,” Cox said. “To have captured such a powerful interaction between a Tibetan fox and a marmot —two species key to the ecology of this high-grassland region is extraordinary.” Museum Director Michael Dixon said the picture captured “nature’s ultimate challenge — the battle for survival”.
Bao, in a group interview on Wednesday, said of the photo,“It is very difficult and rare to capture this kind of moment,so I knew it was something very special.It took about two or three hours to get this photo.I was watching them for a long time.I have paid attention to this competition for a long time, and my first purpose was to show my image to the world, and secondly to protect the environment and my homeland.In my hometown, everyone looks after the animals, so when I go home with this award, it will be an encouragement to our people to be more protective of animals and the environment.” In addition, the photographer said,“This competition is one of the most important among photographers in China, so I wanted to draw people’s attention to animal protection.I hope it will introduce a passion for animals to more people.”
1.What does the underlined word “protagonists” in the second paragraph mean
A.Onlookers. B.Photographers.
C.Hunters. D.Main characters.
2.What can we know about the competition according to the first two paragraphs
A.It originated from London.
B.It is a domestic competition in China.
C.It draws worldwide attention, making it the best event in photography.
D.Its entries are strictly restricted, mainly focusing on endangered animals.
3.What is the main reason for Bao’s winning the award
A.His capturing a crucial scene between two typical species.
B.His spirit of never giving up in the face of difficulties.
C.His devotion to wildlife protection.
D.His publicizing the knowledge of rare animals.
语篇导读:本文是一篇新闻报道,报道了中国摄影师鲍永清被评为2019年度野生动物摄影师大赛的总冠军一事。鲍永清想借他的摄影作品呼吁人们保护野生动物和自然环境。阅读本文,有利于提高学生保护动物和自然环境的意识。
答案及剖析:
1.D 词义猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测词义的能力。根据第二段内容可知,鲍永清的作品很好地定格了一只藏狐和一只旱獭对峙时的场面。 protagonists在此处指对峙中的主角,即这两只动物。故选D。
2.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第一句可知,这次比赛起源于伦敦。故选A。
3.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的“Photographically, it is quite simply the perfect moment.”和本段最后一句可推知,鲍永清的作品获奖是因为他拍摄的这张照片完美定格了高原上一只藏狐和一只旱獭对峙的惊心动魄的时刻。故选A。
B
There’s something satisfying about volunteering.Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected,thus warding off loneliness and depression.But a growing body of evidence suggests that people who give their time to others might also be rewarded with better physical health,including lower blood pressure and a longer lifespan.
Evidence of volunteerism’s physical effects can be found in a recent study from Carnegie Mellon University,published this month in Psychology and Aging.Adults over age 50 who volunteered on a regular basis were less likely to develop high blood pressure than non-volunteers.High blood pressure is an important indicator of health because it contributes to heart disease,stroke,and premature death.
It’s impossible for this study to prove that volunteering was directly responsible for the lower blood pressure.People who volunteer may be more likely to do other things,like eating a healthy diet or exercise,which lower blood pressure.But the results are in line with other findings on the topic.
How might volunteering contribute to lower blood pressure Performing volunteer work could increase physical activity among people who aren’t otherwise very active,says leading study author Rodlescia Sneed,a doctoral candidate in social and health psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.It may also reduce stress.“Many people find volunteer work helpful with respect to stress reduction,and we know that stress is very strongly linked to health outcomes,” she says.
A 2012 study in the journal Health Psychology found that participants who volunteered with some regularity lived longer,but only if their intentions were truly altruistic.In other words,they had to be volunteering to help others—not to make themselves feel better.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle once guessed that the essence of life is “To serve others and do good.” If recent research is any indication,serving others might also be the essence of good health.
4.Which can replace the underlined phrase “warding off” in Paragraph 1
A.Getting rid of. B.Keeping up with.
C.Running out of. D.Putting up with.
5.Why does the author mention the study from Carnegie Mellon University
A.To prove the benefit of volunteering to health.
B.To find out volunteerism’s physical effects on heart.
C.To explain the connection between exercise and health.
D.To warn readers the danger of volunteering to blood pressure.
6.What can we learn from what Rodlescia Sneed said
A.Volunteers are supposed to be more outgoing.
B.Volunteer work can make people lack sports.
C.Taking appropriate exercise can strengthen social connection.
D.Performing volunteer work contributes to reducing stress.
7.What’s the text mainly about
A.Volunteering can lower blood pressure.
B.Volunteering is beneficial to mental health.
C.Volunteering may be good for body and mind.
D.Volunteering can avoid suffering from heart disease.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了志愿者活动对人的身心都有好处这一现象,并分析了其背后的原因。阅读本文,有利于鼓励学生参与社会活动,奉献自我,实现人生价值。
答案及剖析:
4.A 短语猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测短语意义的能力。根据上文“Studies have shown that volunteering helps people who donate their time feel more socially connected,thus...”可知,志愿服务帮助那些奉献时间的人感受到更多的社会联系,从而帮助他们摆脱孤独和抑郁。由此可知,画线短语意思为“摆脱”。故选A。
5.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的前两句可推知,作者提到卡耐基梅隆大学的研究,是为了证明志愿服务对健康的好处。故选A。
6.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第四段中的“‘Many people find volunteer work helpful...to health outcomes,’she says.”可知,Rodlescia Sneed说:“许多人发现志愿工作有助于减轻压力,我们知道压力与健康息息相关”。故选D。
7.C 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。根据第一段内容及文章介绍的志愿者活动对人的身心都有好处这一现象及其背后的原因可知,这篇文章的主要内容是志愿活动可能对身心都有好处。故选C。
核心素养提升(Unit 2)
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
高考主播音频
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where does the woman suggest the key might be ( B )
A.Under the mat.
B.Above the door.
C.Under the flower pot.
2.How will the woman get to the station ( A )
A.By underground.
B.By car.
C.By bus.
3.What did the notice say about Tom ( C )
A.He has finished his research.
B.He has been promoted to manager.
C.He is going to work in the research centre.
4.What does the woman do ( A )
A.A high school student.
B.A university student.
C.A school teacher.
5.When will Mr Wilson probably come back ( C )
A.After breakfast. B.In the afternoon.
C.Tomorrow.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman suggest they do ( A )
A.Go to a movie.
B.Go to a toy store.
C.Go to a museum.
7.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers ( C )
A.Neighbours.
B.Guide and tourist.
C.Friends.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Where are the speakers ( C )
A.At the railway station.
B.At the police station.
C.At the check-in counter.
9.How is the man traveling ( A )
A.By air. B.By train. C.By bus.
听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。
10.What does the man ask the woman to do ( A )
A.Look at a website.
B.Read a book.
C.Draw a picture.
11.How does the man’s book sound ( C )
A.Exciting. B.Short.
C.Scary.
12.How many drawings are there in the man’s book ( A )
A.125. B.200. C.400.
听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。
13.When will the man have to arrive in Chicago ( A )
A.Before lunchtime.
B.In the afternoon.
C.In the evening.
14.How long does it take to go to Chicago by the non-stop train ( A )
A.Two hours. B.Three hours.
C.Four hours.
15.How much is a second-class ticket for a round trip ( B )
A.$45. B.$55. C.$65.
16.What are the speakers talking about ( C )
A.The speed of the trains.
B.Lunchtime in Chicago.
C.Information about the trains.
听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
17.Who is the speaker talking to ( C )
A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students.
18.What will the temperature be tomorrow morning ( C )
A.-10℃. B.-20℃. C.-15℃.
19.What should the listeners have so that they can change into ( A )
A.A pair of boots.
B.A warm jacket.
C.A pair of pants.
20.Where is the announcement from ( A )
A.A school.
B.A TV station.
C.A radio station.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
M:Do you know where our apartment key is It’s not under the mat where it usually is.
W:Try looking above the door.
M:I found it!It was under the flower pot.
(Text 2)
M:Would you like me to drive you to the station
W:No,I’ll be fine.Don’t worry about it.I can take the bus.
M:There’s always a lot of traffic at this time of day.You’d better take the underground.
W:OK.I will.
(Text 3)
W:I heard the manager made a notice this morning.Do you know what it was about
M:It’s about Tom.He’s being switched to the research centre.
(Text 4)
M:What’s your plan for the weekend,Liu Ying
W:I plan to travel around Peking University and know more about it.To tell the truth,I plan to apply for it after graduation from high school.
(Text 5)
M:Hello,may I speak to Mr Wilson
W:Oh,he just left after breakfast to look after his brother in the hospital.
M:When do you expect him back
W:He told me he would stay there for the whole day and night.I think you can have a talk with him tomorrow.
第二节
(Text 6)
W:It’s really snowy here!I’ve never seen so much snow before.Does it always snow this much in New York City
M:Well,it always snows in winter here.But this year,it has snowed much more.
W:Why is that
M:I’m not sure.The summer was also much hotter than usual,and it rained more often in the spring than normal.Maybe it’s global warming.
W:Well,should we go somewhere indoors
M:Yeah,we could go to the Museum of Modern Art.
W:We went to a museum yesterday.What about a movie
M:There is nothing I want to see right now.Hey,let’s go to Times Square.
There’s an amazing toy store that I want to show you.Every visitor loves it!
(Text 7)
W:Can I have your ticket and passport please,sir
M:Yes,here you are.
W:Do you have any check-in luggage
M:Yes,over there.They’re heavy.I hope they’re not overweight.
W:They’re just under the maximum weight.Where would you like to sit,sir
M:A window seat if possible.Could I order a vegetarian meal,please
W:One vegetarian meal.OK,no problem.Have a good flight,sir.
M:Thank you.
(Text 8)
M:Let me show you something.
W:What are you typing in
M:My web address:www.alexwriter.ca.
W:Alexwriter
M:That’s what I’m about to show you;look,my book is coming out.
W:Wow,Alex!I didn’t know you were a writer.
M:Yeah,and you can buy my book starting from Monday,3rd July.
W:I will...gosh!What’s it called
M:Bed Monsters.
W:Sounds scary!
M:It is!It’s about things that scare us at night.
W:Ah!You must be really excited.
M:I am.I’ve been working on this for over three years.I did 27 of the drawings in the book myself,too.
W:27—how many are there in total
M:125.
W:That’s a lot of drawings!There can’t be much room left for writing—maybe 200 pages
M:No.At first,I wanted it to be 800 pages long,but then we decided to shorten it;now it’s 400 in total.
W:Well,I’m just thrilled for you Alex—well done!
(Text 9)
M:Excuse me.I’d like some information about the trains to Chicago.
W:When do you want to go,sir
M:The day after tomorrow.I have to be there before lunchtime.
W:There’s a train at 9:00.It’ll get you there at 1:00 pm,but there are many stops along the way.
M:Are these any nonstop trains to Chicago
W:Yes,there is one at 10:00.That arrives at 12:00.
M:I think this train is better.What’s the fare
W:Do you want to buy a single ticket or a round one
M:What’s the difference
W:A round ticket saves you about 20 percent of the fare.Do you prefer a first-class ticket or a second-class one
M:A second-class one please.How much is a second-class ticket for a round trip
W:Fifty-five dollars.
M:Can I buy my ticket here
W:No,sir.You have to get your ticket at the booking office outside this door on the right.
M:Thanks.
(Text 10)
Attention,everyone!Please pause your conversations for an announcement about what to do during bad weather!Safety is our first concern,especially in winter.Recently,it’s supposed to get very cold—about -10℃ tonight,and -15℃ tomorrow morning.What’s worse,it will be even farther down to -20℃ by tomorrow evening.Please make sure you come to school with enough clothes to keep you warm,and you should also have a pair of boots you can change into.Highland Public School District officials will consider travel conditions before making a decision about whether to cancel school.If school is closed because of winter weather or another reason,an announcement will be made by 6:00 amon that day by local radio stations and television stations.We may need to inform your parents by phone as well,so if your parents’ phone numbers have changed,please tell the school.Let’s make sure we all have a happy and safe winter!
Thank you for your attention.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Cameron Beck first started volunteering at the young age of 12.To his family, volunteering became part of life. The Becks would volunteer at the local food bank in California. Alongside his parents and sister, Cameron used to help select, organise, and pack food for the needy.
Today, Cameron spends every Saturday volunteering at Project Open Hand—a non-profit organisation that mainly provides meals for sick neighbors and seniors. And it also allows these people to shop in its store.
Cameron first heard about Project Open Hand when he was working on Polk Street. As he passed the store on his way to and from work each day, Cameron became eager to learn more, and allowed his curiosity to fuel his passion. Cameron quickly learnt how Project Open Hand began with serving food to those living in San
Francisco’s Tenderloin neighbourhood—a neighbourhood many low-income or disabled people live in.
“When I realised they had been doing this kind of work for long and it was providing extraordinary benefits for people in need—especially in the Tenderloin where fresh and quality food is hard to gain—I realised this was the organisation I wanted to lend a hand to,” says Cameron.
Cameron really enjoys volunteering. “Through my day job, serve the people in my city,” says Cameron. “Sometimes, it can cause feelings of isolation(孤独), so volunteering really helps bring that social aspect into my life.”
Cameron has one piece of advice for those who have never volunteered: find an organisation that matches your passion and just get started.“Organisations are always looking for volunteers,”says Cameron. “And you’ll learn about those opportunities once you open that door and reach out to the people. Just do something you love to do and enjoy doing it with others.”
21.What do we know about the Becks
A.They ran a food bank.
B.It is a volunteering family.
C.It is the most famous local charity.
D.They all volunteered at the age of 12.
22.What does Cameron think of volunteering
A.It is a win-win activity.
B.It satisfies his curiosity.
C.It makes him feel lonely.
D.It helps him with his study.
23.What does Cameron suggest according to the last paragraph
A.Doing whatever one likes.
B.Setting up an organisation.
C.Taking part in social activities.
D.Trying one’s best to volunteer.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Cameron和家人做志愿者活动的经历, Cameron结合自己的经历号召人们投身志愿者活动。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的社会责任感及乐于助人的良好品质。
答案及剖析:
21.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的前两句可知,Beck一家是一个志愿者家庭。故选B。
22.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据倒数第二段中的最后一句可知,Cameron认为志愿者活动是双赢的,既能帮助别人,也能让自己融入社会。故选A。
23.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的第一句可知, Cameron建议人们尽量去做志愿者活动。故选D。
B
My presentation was horrible. I knew it before I heard “we’ll be in touch” from the client. Then the rest of my day was spent in relative silence,I was left alone. Eventually, I left my air-conditioned office and outside there was a heat wave.
I boarded a bus but couldn’t tolerate it as its air-conditioner wasn’t working, so I got off at the next stop and walked home. I declined to take off my jacket because “when it rains let it pour” was my philosophy.
A block from my building, I heard the water splashing and kids screaming. As I turned the corner, there were kids playing in the water. When they saw me in my suit they stopped the water and when they saw my mean look, they even got quiet.
Then I noticed the youngest kid no older than five, holding a water gun down by his side, eying me hard. I eyed him back. Suddenly, he shot his gun at me. As I took my first step toward him, another boy threw his water gun towards me. I caught it and pulled the trigger toward the five-year-old boy. He fought back but his shooter was no match for my power so instead, he turned his water gun on a few other kids who were shocked into stillness at what just happened. Then, I also turned my water gun on these kids and before long we were in all-out water warfare.
Needless to say, I was wet and laughed like I’d never done it before. I
couldn’t remember my last water fight and if I did, it couldn’t have been as enjoyable as this one. It took a five-year-old to bring out the kid in me and help me realise that you may not be able to control disappointment but you can still welcome those things that make you happy.
24.Why did the author feel unhappy on the way home
A.He most likely lost a deal.
B.He saw some annoying people.
C.He had to bear the cold weather.
D.He was caught in the heavy rain.
25.How did the older kids feel the moment they saw the author coming
A.Ashamed. B.Relieved.
C.Excited. D.Frightened.
26.Where can we find the details on the author’s water fight
A.In Paragraph 2.
B.In Paragraph 3.
C.In Paragraph 4.
D.In Paragraph 5.
27.What does the author mainly intend to tell us to do
A.Surround ourselves with happy kids.
B.Remember to let in joy in hard times.
C.Let go of old memories and move on.
D.Avoid feeling disappointed or upset.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者因失去生意而心情烦闷,在下班回家途中与小孩的一场水战却让他重拾喜悦。这让作者意识到你可能无法控制失望,但你仍然可以迎接那些让你快乐的东西。阅读本文,有利于培养学生乐观、积极向上的意识。
答案及剖析:
24.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第一段中的前两句可推断,作者在回家的路上感到不开心,可能是因为他失去了一桩生意。故选A。
25.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的最后一句及第四段中的前两句可推断,大一点的孩子刚看到作者走过来的时候感到害怕。故选D。
26.C 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。文章第四段内容详细描写了作者打水仗的场景。故选C。
27.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章最后一段第二、三句可推断,作者旨在告诉我们要记得在艰难时期拥抱快乐。故选B。
C
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker:“Does anyone on board know Sign Language ” She knew she needed to help.
Clara,15 at the time,pressed the call button.The flight attendant came by and explained the situation.“We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said.The passenger seemed to want something,but he was travelling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed,according to People magazine.
Clara had been studying Sign Language for the past year to help with her dyslexia and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm by finger.So she unbuckled her seat belt,walked toward the front of the plane,and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook,then gently taking his hand,she signed,“How are you Are you OK ”Cook asked for some water.When it arrived,Clara returned to her seat.She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time.On her third visit,she stopped and stayed for a while.
“He didn’t need anything.He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said.So for the next hour,that was what they did.She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician).Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a travelling salesman.“Even though he couldn’t see her, she looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.
“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in an interview.“You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to,and she was such a warm-hearted girl.”Cook’s reaction:“Best trip I’ve ever had.”
Looking for ways to offer help Start with this random act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.
28.The flight attendant asked an urgent question because .
A.the passenger was travelling alone
B.the plane was in a dangerous situation
C.the passenger asked for something urgently
D.none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger
29.Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future
A.Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.
B.Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.
C.Because Cook expected to understand teenagers better.
D.Because she wanted to show her ambition for the future.
30.Which of the following words can best describe Clara
A.Kind and caring.
B.Warm-hearted and cautious.
C.Generous and amazing.
D.Ambitious and attentive.
31.The passage is mainly written to .
A.tell a touching story of an amazing girl
B.appeal to readers to lend a hand kindly and randomly
C.stress the great importance of Sign Language
D.show how considerate the flight attendant was to help Cook
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clara Daly在飞机上帮助一个既失明又失聪的乘客的暖心故事。阅读本文,有利于培养学生坚持善行、关爱他人的人生态度。
答案及剖析:
28.D 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第二段中的最后一句可知,乘务员无法跟他交流,不知道他需要什么。故选D。
29.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第四段中的前两句可知,因为Cook很孤单而且想交谈,所以Clara在接下来的一小时一直在和Cook交谈。故选B。
30.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章第三段中的“knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook”“She came by again ... for a while”和第四段中的“looked attentively at his face with such kindness”可知,她能跪在Cook的座位旁边,一次次过去照料他,而且能带着善意看着他,由此可推断Clara是善良且体贴的。故选A。
31.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段的内容可知,文章通过Clara所做的温暖小事呼吁人们随时帮助别人,奉献爱心。故选B。
D
A mother, Carrie Cort, 51, from Sussex, and her nine-year-old son have been named the UK’s most environmentally friendly family after winning an award for their environmental achievements.
Now every aspect of her life is environmentally friendly, from her son
Adam’s birthday parties to her clothing, and she recycles everything from empty pens to milk bottle tops. “Changing our family lifestyle to a green one has saved us around ￡11,000 every year, which has given us more financial stability,” Carrie says. “Living green has made us healthier and I feel younger now. It is fun seeing what you can make with unwanted or broken things. Growing your own food is great exercise, good for wildlife, and the food is much more nutritious and tastier.”
“My concern for the way we humans are treating the planet was really awaken in 2008 when Adam was born. When he arrived, I suddenly had this huge, greater awareness of the kind of planet we’re bringing our children into though I learnt something about it in university.” She began going to talks, reading books, watching documentaries and attending green meetings in order to educate herself in the details of green living.
Carrie set up the local campaign group Sussex Green Living six years after her son’s birth. Later, she gave up her high-powered job, to do her job full-time. Today, she organises talks and workshops. She runs a repair cafe, where people can bring everything to be fixed. Her recycling programme helps people reuse wastes. “My goal is to inspire more people to lead greener, more environmentally friendly lives, to enable us to live in greater harmony with nature, now and for future generations. I achieve this by various Sussex Green Living communication programmes and working with other organisations who have the same goals and values.”
32.How did Carrie feel about her environmentally friendly lifestyle
A.Unwanted.
B.Unhealthy.
C.Expensive.
D.Economical.
33.When did Carrie begin to care about the lifestyle
A.After winning an award.
B.After giving birth to her son.
C.After being stuck in poverty.
D.After attending green meetings.
34.What can we know about Carrie
A.She made good preparations for green living.
B.She recycles what people ignore for fun.
C.She does daily exercise by growing food.
D.She majored in planet protection in university.
35.What does Carrie rely on to make her achievements
A.Her repair cafe and workshops.
B.Her own programmes and cooperation with others.
C.Her well-paid job and her brother’s support.
D.Her independence of realising her green dream.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 Carrie Cort和她的儿子因在环保方面取得的成就而获奖,以及 Carrie Cort的环保之路。阅读本文,有利于培养学生树立为社会服务的意识,形成正确的人生态度和价值观。
答案及剖析:
32.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第二段中的第二句可知, Carrie的环保生活方式是节约的。故选D。
33.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的第一句可知, Carrie生完孩子后开始关心人们的生活方式(对待地球的方式)。故选B。
34.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的最后一句可知, Carrie为绿色生活做了充分准备。故选A。
35.B 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的最后一句可知, Carrie的成就是靠她自己的项目以及她与别人的合作取得的。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It could happen anywhere at any time. 36. Most people, at one time or another, have been on the receiving end of a random act of kindness. In a sometimes cold world where people can be so focused on what they’re doing, a random act of kindness can make all the difference.
They can be relatively insignificant. Hannah Bailey from London, for example, told the Metro newspaper about how she was given her fruit and vegetable shopping for free. The seller did her a kindness when it emerged she didn’t have any change to pay. 37.
The city of Naples has long had a tradition called “caffe sospeso”. When buying coffee, a person who has recently been lucky would purchase two cups but only drink one, leaving the second one anonymously(匿名), out of the goodness of their heart, for a poor person to claim for free. 38.
However, in some cases, these little acts can be a matter of life and death. Take, for example, the unnamed commuter, who in June 2018 fell off a station platform onto an electric railway track in Toronto, Canada. A quick-thinking, but even now unknown, bystander selflessly leapt down to pull him to safety.
So, why do it 39. The people never meet again. According to UK charity the Mental Health Foundation, acts like these can “give our lives new purpose, show us other perspectives on our own problems and even make us feel content”.
40. Hold open a door for someone, deliver a compliment—even give up your seat on a bus. Help someone who is in need. It takes all kinds. It needn’t be anything huge. One day, whether you need it or not, someone might help you in your hour of need.
A.So give it a try.
B.Be brave to face challenges.
C.Often, the acts aren’t paid back.
D.She was happy about it all day.
E.She was in low spirits the whole day.
F.This tradition is now more common worldwide.
G.It’s often unexpected, but almost never unappreciated.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。一些平日里看似不经意的善举可能会改变人们一天的心情。有些善举可能无足轻重,但有些则可能救人于生命之危。阅读本文,有利于培养学生坚持善行,形成助人为乐的良好品质意识。
答案及剖析:
36.G 考查学生理解上下文语义的能力。根据上文“It could happen anywhere at any time.”可推断出它是不可预测的,故可对应到G项中的 unexpected,即它经常不可预测。故选G。
37.D 考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。根据上文“The seller did her a kindness when it emerged she didn’t have any change to pay.”可知,D项与上下文连贯通顺。故选D。
38.F 考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。本段讲述的是那不勒斯市有一个悠久的传统叫“索斯披索咖啡”,后文为描述这一传统给出例子,本空位于段尾,起总结作用,根据段首第一句中的 tradition 可与F项对应。故选F。
39.C 考查学生理解上下文语义的能力。根据下文“The people never meet again.”可知,这种行为是得不到回报的,可与C项对应。故选C。
40.A 考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据空后列出的一些具体的善举行为可知,本空应是提出建议“试一试吧”。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Adams family home has been taken over by origami (折纸) in all sizes and shapes. No one seems to 41 , though. Those paper creations are 42 clean water projects around the world and saving lives. A messy home is a small price to pay
43 .
In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learnt that every five seconds, a child died from 44 of clean water and that girls of their age couldn’t go to school 45 they were fetching water all day for their families. They
46 to do something.
“So we took something that we loved doing—folding origami, with the 47 goal to help fund a well in Ethiopia,” explains Katherine. 48 , they ended up selling out and raising far more than that to fully 49 the cost of the well.
Katherine, now 13, adds, “It just snowballed, 50 the founding of the project Paper for Water.” In eight years this project has 51 more than 2 million dollars for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries.
Now, the rest of the Adams family are also 52 . But at the heart of it, beneath countless paper decorations sit two bold sisters hoping to 53 other girls and boys. “Kids have an incredible ability to make a real 54 to the world if
they’re just given the chance,” Isabelle says, “and if people 55 them in their efforts.”
41.A.mind B.notice
C.appreciate D.remember
42.A.decorating B.rewarding
C.attracting D.funding
43.A.in exchange B.in turn
C.in terms D.in response
44.A.pollution B.loss
C.lack D.waste
45.A.although B.because
C.unless D.while
46.A.hesitated B.decided
C.happened D.demanded
47.A.lifelong B.individual
C.original D.critical
48.A.Obviously B.Unexpectedly
C.Suddenly D.Gradually
49.A.spend B.fill
C.offer D.cover
50.A.trying out B.depending on
C.contributing to D.appealing to
51.A.saved B.borrowed
C.earned D.collected
52.A.involved B.praised
C.recognised D.employed
53.A.satisfy B.inspire
C.inform D.comfort
54.A.judgment B.sense
C.difference D.connection
55.A.support B.persuade
C.welcome D.award
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对小姐妹在得知每5秒钟就有一个孩子死于缺乏干净的水,很多与她们年龄相仿的女孩由于为家人取水而无法上学后,决定通过折纸为净水项目募集资金的故事。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的优秀品行和积极参与公益事业的意识。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
41.A 根据上文可知, Adams家的房子里到处都是折纸,但是没有人介意(mind)这一点,因为那些折纸可以为净水项目募集资金、拯救生命。故选A。
42.D 根据第三段第一句中的“to help fund a well”可知,这些折纸作品是在为净水项目提供资金(funding)。故选D。
43.A 根据语境可知,作为交换(in exchange), Adams家凌乱的屋子只是一个小小的代价。故选A。
44.C 根据语境可知,每5秒钟就有一个孩子因缺乏(lack)干净的水而死亡。故选C。
45.B 根据语境可知,那些女孩不能去上学是因为(because)她们要帮家里打水。故选B。
46.B 根据语境可知,她们决定(decided)做些什么去帮助他们。故选B。
47.C 根据语境可知, Isabelle和Katherine最初的(original)目标只是为在埃塞俄比亚打一口水井提供资金。故选C。
48.B 根据语境可知,姐妹俩募集到的钱远远超过了当初所需要的资金。由此可知,这是出乎意料的(Unexpectedly)。故选B。
49.D 根据上文可知,姐妹俩后来募集到的钱远远超过了支付(cover)那口水井的费用。故
选D。
50.C 根据语境可知, Isabelle和 Katherine通过折纸募集到的资金越来越多,这也促使(contributing to)她们创办了 Paper for Water项目。故选C。
51.D 根据语境可知,八年来, Paper for Water项目已经为20个国家的200多个水利工程募集了(collected)200多万美元。故选D。
52.A 根据语境可知,现在, Adams家的其他成员也加入(involved)这个项目了。故选A。
53.B 根据语境可知, Isabelle和Katherine姐妹俩希望她们的项目能激励(inspire)其他女孩和男孩。故选B。
54.C 根据语境可知, Isabelle认为,孩子们具有不可思议的能力,只要给他们机会,他们就能影响世界。make a difference是固定短语,意为“有影响,有作用”。故选C。
55.A 根据上文中的“ if they’re just given the chance”可知,此处是说“如果人们支持(support)孩子们努力影响世界”。故选A。
第二节(共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Litter is everywhere, doing great harm 56. the environment and life on our planet. Jeff Kirschner, who wants to build a litter-free world, created an app 57. (settle) this problem.
The story began with his 6-year-old daughter. One day they were going on a hike when the girl noticed a 58. (break) plastic tub(浴盆) in a river. She said, “Daddy, that doesn’t go there.” That took Kirschner by surprise. He, like many adults, had become so used to the rubbish around them that he hadn’t given it a second look. 59. his daughter said reminded him of the serious problem our planet faces.
Jeff started to take 60. (act). He created the app that makes it fun to pick up litter. The idea is 61. (fair) simple: Spot a piece of trash, take a photo, post the photo online and then put the litter into dustbins.
62. (see) that Jeff was keeping a record of the positive impact he was having on the planet, people worldwide started participating in it. Up to now, over 2,500,000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries 63. (find) their way to the app’s digital landfill.
It is more than an app. It is a highly 64. (effect) solution to a pressing issue. Wherever you live, whatever you do and 65. you are, take action to make the world a cleaner and healthier place to live in.
语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在女儿的影响下,Jeff Kirschner 创办了一个app,鼓励人们清理垃圾保护环境。阅读本文,有利于培养学生形成热衷于公益活动,积极保护环境的态度。
答案及剖析:
56.to 考查固定搭配。do harm to 意为“对……有害”。故填 to。
57.to settle 考查不定式。不定式短语 to settle this problem 在句中作目的状语。故填 to settle。
58.broken 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词,break 的形容词形式为 broken,意为“坏了的”,在句中充当定语,修饰plastic tub。故填broken。
59.What 考查主语从句。句中what 引导主语从句并在句中充当动词 said 的宾语。故填 What。
60.action 考查固定短语。take action 意为“采取行动”。故填 action。
61.fairly 考查副词。句中应该使用副词充当状语修饰形容词 simple。故填 fairly。
62.Seeing 考查现在分词。主句主语 people worldwide 与动词 see 构成主动关系,要用现在分词短语作状语。故填 Seeing。
63.have found 考查时态。由时间状语 up to now 可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填 have found。
64.effective 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词,effect 的形容词形式为effective,意为“有效的”,在句中充当定语。故填 effective。
65.whoever 考查让步状语从句。由前面的“Wherever you live, whatever you do”和and 可知,此处应与其保持一致,且由后面的“you are”可知,此处指人。故填 whoever。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你校英语报开展“最让我感动的人物”征文活动,请你选择一位最让你感动的人物撰稿应征。要点如下:
1.最让你感动的人物及介绍。
2.该人物对你的影响。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
The people who moved me most
I think the most moving character should make an impact on the lives of others. Zhang Guimei is a person who moved me most.
Zhang is the principal of the Huaping Women’s Senior High School that provides free education for girls. She has been educating and aiding students in need, most living in isolated and poor areas.The school, led by Zhang, has created a miracle: more than 1,800 graduates have been admitted to colleges. In 2020, Zhang was honored with the title “Role Model of the Times” by Chinese authorities in recognition of her dedication to education for girls.
Inspired by her story, I want to become a volunteer teacher in a rural area.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The watch was my grandfather’s. He hung it by his bed. The face was marked with elegant Roman numbers and the case was gold. My grandfather got it after his fifty years of faithful service with his firm. I often gazed at it longingly as I sat with my grandfather after school.
The day I told him of my success in the examinations, he was pleased,
“You’ll be going to the new school next, Will. Remember you’ ll need plenty of patience. That’s the right way.” I nodded when handing him the watch. He gazed at it for some moments, and wound it.
The next morning my mother told me he had died in his sleep and left me his watch. For safety, my mother was to put it away in trust until she considered me old enough to look after it. I protested(抗议) so strongly that she finally agreed to hang it in the kitchen where I could always see it.
The summer soon ended and it was time for me to enter the new school. I never made friends easily, and for a time I did little more than get on speaking terms with some boys. One of them was a rich fellow whose way of impressing us was to parade his possessions before us. Everything Crawley had was better than ours—until he brought the watch.
“I have a better watch than that,” I announced, attempting to impress them. “Well, show it to us,” Crawley sneered (冷笑) in disbelief. Embarrassed, I promised to bring it to them that afternoon.
Considering there was no way to persuade my mother to let me take the watch, I decided to wait for her to step outside and slip the watch into my pocket. So I did. After lunch, as I was too excited to wait for the return bus, I got my bike out of the shed.
I rode fast, excitement coursing through me. Then suddenly a puppy ran out into my path. I pulled at my brakes so hard that the bike stopped to a sharp standstill(急停) and I fell over.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
I picked myself up and put a trembling hand into my pocket.
Paragraph 2:
“That’s not the right way. Patience, Will. Patience,”a voice echoed in my ears after the boys left.
[写作指导]
1.阅读文章,掌握主旨方向。
2.明确写作思路,确定续写内容。
3.汇集故事线索,列出写作要点。
4.优化语言,完善续写逻辑。
I picked myself up and put a trembling hand into my pocket. Then I brought out what was left of my grandfather’s proudest possession. There was a deep bulge in the watch, the glass shattered and the Roman numbers looking crazily at one another. Putting it back, I rode slowly to school, numb with misery. After what seemed forever, I finally turned up before the waiting boys. “My mother wouldn’t let me bring it,” I lied. “His mother wouldn’t let him,” Crawley jeered. “What a story! ” The others took up his cry and left without a backward glance.
“That’s not the right way. Patience, Will. Patience,” a voice echoed in my ears after the boys left. Though anger, embarrassment and sadness hung heavily in the air, the voice drew me to the awareness of the mistakes I had made when I attempted to impress the boys. I shouldn’t have tried to integrate in such a hasty way, nor should I have stolen the watch behind my mother. It was the first time that I had truly realised the meaning of the gift—patience. I knew for sure that every time I lost patience in the future I would remember my grandfather’s words.
