(共81张PPT)
Unit 3 The world of science
头脑风暴·思维发散
With the new age coming,various products with high content of science and technology are popping up all over the world.They not only solve many difficulties which have bothered people so much,but also significantly improve people’s living conditions,helping people realise the dream that was impossible.Can you give some examples of such high-tech inventions
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,
Using language
学习理解·语篇解构
核心知识·深入探究
备用讲义
语法专项指导
课时作业
学习理解·语篇解构
1.主题语境:人与社会——科技发展和科学精神。
2.语篇类型:访谈。
3.课文内容分析:课文以问答的形式介绍了古今中外人类的伟大新发明、这些发明
给生活带来的巨大变化以及发明的原动力。阅读本文,有利于引导学生深入思考
科学与生活之间的关系并了解未来世界科技的发展趋势,形成国际视野。
语篇导读 先行把握
Outline of questions Interview notes
Is the great age
of invention over There have been golden ages of invention 1. .
And now the great 2. has come.
Tech-based inventions ●3.
●wearable tech
●4.
●5. made by 3D printers
●intelligent walking house
What inspires people
to invent things ●to find a solution 6.
●an incredible desire to 7.
Is it possible to invent a time machine “8. !”
多维解读 深度剖析
throughout history
new age of technology
virtual reality
the flexible battery
replacement hearts and bone parts
to a problem
think and create
Never say never
重点词汇
1.Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China...(教材第26页)
想想中国古代的四大发明……
◆think of 想出;想到;想起;认为
核心知识·深入探究
Think of carnival,and you’ll think of the costumes and music.
想起狂欢节,你就会想到服装和音乐。
Can you think of ways to settle this problem
你能想出解决这个问题的办法吗
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①You should think it before making a decision.
完成句子
②I can’t (想出) a better place for our party.
③I (把她看作) my best friend.
④I don’t (对……评价高) that film.
over
think of
think of her as
think highly/a lot of
2.In addition,important advances have been made in medicine...(教材第
27页)
此外,医药也取得了重要进展……
◆in addition 除此之外,另外
In addition,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C)
此外,大多数报纸的内容很少能吸引广大读者。
English classes are offered.In addition,students can take classes in word-processing and computing.
提供英语课程。另外,学生可以修文字处理和计算机课程。
She can speak French and Japanese in addition to English.
除了英语,她还会说法语和日语。
In addition to practical skills,Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork,
encourage self-worth,and promote feelings of community.
(2021年天津卷,完形填空)
除了实践技能,Pruitt 的课程还教授团队合作,鼓励自我价值,促进社区情感。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
当主语后跟有 in addition to引导的介词短语时,谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致(就远原则)。
The teacher,in addition to his students,was interested in the book.
除了他的学生,老师也对这本书感兴趣(即老师和他的学生都对这本书感兴趣)。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①This excellent book will be a welcome (add) to the library of
any student.
②Just before and an hour after each workout,the scientists took
(addition) samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.
(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解C)
③Mike,in addition to his classmates, (have) been to China.
addition
additional
has
3.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement
hearts and bone parts.(教材第27页)
3D打印机之类的新发明已经应用于制作移植心脏与部分骨骼。
◆be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Wood is used to make all kinds of furniture.
木头被用来制作各种家具。
Inventions are used to improve people’s living conditions.
发明被用来提高人们的生活条件。
[备用例句]
The room is used to have a meeting.=The room is used for having a meeting.
这个房间是用来开会的。
It is difficult to get used to another country’s customs.
要适应另一国家的风俗习惯是很困难的。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①Travellers (习惯生活) in different climates and
conditions.
②A few characters (被用来创作) a single impression
growing out of the theme.(2020年浙江卷,阅读理解A)
③My dad (过去常常吸烟) after dinner,but now he is
used to drinking tea.
④Sound can (被用作……) a weapon.(2020年天津卷,阅读理解C)
are/get used to living
are used to create
used to smoke
be used as
4.It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places...
(教材第27页)
它能依靠全球卫星导航系统技术四处移动……
◆capable adj.有能力的
He is very capable as a photographer.
他是个非常有能力的摄影师。
She is a very capable speaker.
她是一位非常有能力的演说者。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The company isn’t capable of (handle) such a large order.
② (capable)management can ruin the company.
handling
Incapable
5.Now,reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have led to
more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.(教材第27页)
现在,能源供应紧缩与环境污染推动了新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。
◆lead to导致,引起
Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace.
(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
研究表明,更友好的沟通会让工作场所更愉快。
Hard work leads to success while failure usually lies in laziness.
努力工作使人成功,而失败通常在于懒惰。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Hundreds of steps lead the high walls which surround the
temple.
②It is impossible not to talk about China as the (lead) player
when discussing fashion.(2019全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B)
完成句子
③Near the end of the race,he (领先).
④This street will (通往) the centre of the city.
to
leading
took the lead
lead to
6....we have an incredible desire to think and create...(教材第27页)
……我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望……
◆desire n.渴望,欲望 vt.渴望,希望;要求
These days,safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower.(2021年全国乙卷,阅读理解A)
如今,安全法规——更不用说现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的渴望——往往会使体育馆的容量稍微降低。
He showed us that even a single desire,never given up on,can make for a remarkable life.(2021年浙江卷,阅读理解A)
他告诉我们,即使是一个愿望,只要永不言弃,也能创造非凡的人生。
[备用例句]
Jim has a strong desire for knowledge,so he is sure to make it.
Jim有强烈的求知欲,所以他肯定会成功。
Most of us desire (to live) a happy life.
我们大多数人渴望(过)幸福的生活。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①She expressed a desire living with us.
②He had a long desire (go) on holiday.
完成句子
③我们希望你在一个月内完成这项工作。
We the work within one month.
for
to go
desire you to complete
重点句式
So what is it that inspires us to invent things (教材第27页)
那是什么激励着人们进行发明创造呢
◆本句为强调句型,是对疑问词what的强调。强调句的常见句型为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.”。
But remember,it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
但是记住,是你必须成长,阅读和重读,以便更好地理解你的朋友。
It was at eight o’clock that I went to sleep yesterday.
昨天我是八点钟上床睡觉的。
When and where was it that you were born
你是什么时候,在哪里出生的
归纳拓展
①强调句型不能用来强调原句的谓语动词;
②强调句型中的it 本身没有词义,但不能用其他词代替;
③被强调部分指人时用that或who 均可,其他情况一律用that;
④被强调部分无论是单数还是复数,it后的be动词均用单数形式,即is或was;
⑤被强调部分如果是原句的主语,who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致;
⑥判断句子是否是强调句型的方法:去掉It is/was 与that/who,剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确,则为强调句型,否则不是。
温馨提示
语境运用
单句语法填空
①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we
saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was I was chosen monitor of the class that I came to
realise the importance of teamwork.
③ was the culture,rather than the language,that made it hard
for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
④It’s this strange form that (make) race walking such an
attractive activity.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C)
that
not until
It
makes
长难句分析
But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create,and that’s the real spirit of invention.(教材第27页)
不过有一点依旧重要,就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望,而这正是真正的发明精神。
本句是主从复合句。其中what remains important是what引导的主语从句,what在从句中作主语;that we have...to think and create是that引导的表语从句,that在表语从句中不作成分。
语境运用
单句情境写作
①我们自豪的是,我们国家正在努力吸收各种优秀文化,以促进社会文明的进步,这才
是我们的文化的真正本质。
.
.
..
②在我们的日常生活中,使我们受益匪浅的是先进技术的不断引进和创造,这在我们
的社会建设中也发挥着重要的作用。
.
.
.
What we are proud is that our country is trying to absorb all kinds of excellent cultures to promote the progress of social civilisation,and that’s the real nature of our culture.
In our daily life,what benefits us a lot is that advanced technology is introduced and created continuously,and that also plays an important role in our social construction.
③我们确信的是,现代科技给我们的生活带来了便利和舒适,但这有时也会对我们产
生不良影响。
.
..
..
What we are sure is that modern technology has brought convenience and comfort to our lives,but that sometimes also has a bad influence on us.
备用讲义
1.A faint blue light shot across it,darkening to purple...(教材第25页)
一道微弱的蓝光穿过它,渐渐变暗,变成紫色……
◆shoot v.射出(光、亮等),放射;射击
He shot the ball straight at the goalkeeper.
他把球径直向守门员踢去。
The sun shoots its beam through the mist.
太阳透过薄雾射出光芒。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The soldiers were shooting a target.
②She is looking for an opportunity (shoot).
at
to shoot
2.It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions...(教材第
26页)
它(书名)提示现在是发明创造的新时代……
◆suggest v.表明,暗示;建议
His pale face suggested that he was ill.他面色苍白,说明他生病了。
He suggested playing football after school.他提议放学后去踢足球。
归纳拓展
①suggest后不接双宾语,间接宾语多由介词to引出,即:suggest sth.to sb.向某
人建议某事。
②suggest后接动词时,要用动词的-ing形式,不接不定式。
③suggestion后面的同位语从句以及suggestion作主语时,其后的表语从句也用
虚拟语气。
温馨提示
She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.
她建议班会不要在星期六举行。
He suggested a different plan to his boss.
他向他的老板提出了一个不同的计划。
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party.
(人们)建议我们在晚会上表演节目。
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first.
他的建议是先把债务还清。
Now a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesn’t have to be that demanding.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷)
现在一项新的研究表明从锻炼中得到好处不必那么吃力。
3.And now,we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.(教材第
26页)
而现在,我们自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
◆find+宾语+宾语补足语
find在句中接复合宾语,宾语是ourselves,宾语补足语是in the great new age of technology。能作宾语补足语的可以是名词,形容词,副词,非谓语,介词短语等。
When he arrived,he found all the work already finished.
当他到的时候,他发现所有的工作已经完成。
When she woke up,she found herself lying in hospital.
当她醒来时,她发现自己正躺在医院里。
We find the story very interesting.
我们发现这个故事非常有趣。
4.In terms of the environment,it is now possible to create an intelligent
walking house.(教材第27页)
在环境领域,建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。
◆in terms of就……而言;在……方面;依照……
It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of comprehensive quality.
(人们)普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。
In the short term,the medicine may not be very effective.
从短期来看,这药可能不是很有疗效。
He is on good terms with his classmates.
他和他的同学们关系很好。
归纳拓展
5.Currently,there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s...(教材第31页)
目前,阿尔茨海默症还没有治愈的方法……
◆cure n.药剂;疗法 vt.治愈
Empathy can be a cure for loneliness,sadness,anxiety and fear.
同情是治疗孤独、悲伤、焦虑和恐惧的良药。
When I left the hospital I was completely cured.
出院时,我已经痊愈了。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Alice was cured her cancer with the help of the doctors.
②Patients here are treated the latest medicine.
③There is no effective cure colds except rest.
of
with
for
语法专项指导
现在完成时的被动语态
语法原句再现
①I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst,whose new book The New Age of
Invention has just been published.(教材第26页)
②I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.(教材
第26页)
③In addition,important advances have been made in medicine and
environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.(教材第27页)
④Sure.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement
hearts and bone parts.(教材第27页)
⑤I’ve also been told that you’re an inventor yourself.(教材第27页)
⑥Nothing like this has been invented yet and I’d say...(教材第27页)
通过观察以上句子可知,句中主语为动作的承受者,且强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
主动语态表示主语为动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,但主语为动作的承受者,表示“……已经被……”。现在完成时的被动语态结构是“主语+has/have+been+过去分词”。
使用现在完成时的被动语态应注意下面几点:
1.现在完成时的被动语态同主动语态一样强调过去的动作对现在的影响。
They have just cleaned and repaired the watch.
→ The watch has just been cleaned and repaired (by them).
分析:此表刚擦洗、修理完,那就必然是用现在完成时。The watch是动作的承受者,在被动语态句中作主语。
Tom has written the letter.
→ The letter has been written by Tom.
分析:信已经写完且信与write之间为被动关系。
2.被动语态没有完成进行时态,主动语态的现在完成进行时改为被动语态时要用现
在完成时。
He has been writing the report for two days.
→The report has been written by him for two days.
这份报告他写了两天了。
3.现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
(1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响或结果。
The light has been turned off.
灯被关上了。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①His homework has (finish).
②The machine has (repair).
been finished
been repaired
(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for
或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long... ”句型中,如:
The road has been repaired for more than a month.
这条路修了一个多月了。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The machine (use) for about 30 years.
②Recently the price of TV sets has (cut).
has been used
been cut
(3)注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或
状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况的
联系。如:
The bridge was built last year.
这桥是去年建成的。
The bridge has been built.
这桥已经建好了。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①She hasn’t been (hear) from since then.
②His cup was (break) last night.
heard
broken
真题赏析
1.It (report) that 76 percent of employees in some
western countries are using emojis at work.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
2.Already,a number of films,including “Water for Elephants”,“The
Hangover Part Ⅱ”and “Zookeeper”,have drawn the anger of activists
who say the creatures acting in them (not treat)
properly.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B改编)
答案及剖析:
1.has been reported 考查动词时态和语态。根据句意可知,这一情况现在已经被报道了,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
2.haven’t been treated 考查动词时态和语态。根据句意可知,“没有得到治疗”这一状况已经发生,且treat与主语the creatures之间为被动关系,主语为复数,因此用haven’t been treated。
has been reported
haven’t been treated
3.—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—By all means.He (honour) as a master doctor since
the Eastern Han Dynasty.(2020年江苏卷,单项填空)
答案及剖析:
3.has been honoured 考查动词时态和语态。根据since可知此处需用现在完成时,且He与honour之间为被动关系,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
has been honoured
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Tom’s novel (publish) already.
2.The child (take) care of by grandma all these
years.
3.The window (clean) by the worker by now.
4.The important problems (discuss) for
nearly two weeks.
5.The door (lock).We have no key and can’t get
into the room.
has been published
has been taken
has been cleaned
have been discussed
has been locked
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.How long (这台机器被使用)
2.Now a new bridge (已被建起来) over the
river.
3.No books (被买到) since last week.
4.Such a thing (从未听说过) before.
5.This novel (被译成) several languages.
has the machine been used
has been built
have been bought
has never been heard of
has been translated into
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.In addition to (give) a general introduction to computers,
the course also provides practical experience.
2.Dogs seem to understand our needs and have a desire (help)
us out.
3.The sports meet,which was (original) due last Friday,
was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
4.It is believed that it is his ability to work under .
(press) that led to his great success.
giving
to help
originally
pressure
5.Technological advances mean more information can be delivered online
rapidly and (flexible).
6.Every student in the class is capable passing the exam.
7.Nowadays,there are more and more products and services using high
technologies such as artificial intelligence,5G and virtual .
(real) technology.
8.She lost her job when the factory closed,along hundreds
of others.
9.A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles was .
(injure) and this meant not running for two weeks,leaving me only two
weeks to train.
10.We found a new cure the virus and many patients were cured
their diseases.
flexibly
of
reality
with
injured
for
of
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.Linda didn’t get there on time because of the bad weather; .
(除此之外),her car was in poor condition.
2.As a matter of fact,we (有能力) preventing the
disease from spreading.
3. (多亏了) his gift for learning a foreign language,Bill
can communicate with people freely in this country now.
4.The job is good (就……而言) its working conditions,
but the salary is too low.
5.I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed
(无法辨认).
in addition
are capable of
Thanks to
in terms of
beyond recognition
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Although there are filters(滤光镜) which can change digital photographs to make them similar to paintings,obvious differences still exist.
A brand-new painting AI has been made public recently.Much like pupils of the old masters,the new AI studies the works of great painters like Vermeer and Van Gogh and learns to reproduce them.
The AI,named “PaintBot”,is the creation of a team of researchers from the ByteDance AI Lab of the University of Maryland.
PaintBot can not only reproduce the work of different artists but create new works based on photographs in the chosen painter’s characteristic style.
To train the AI to imitate a given artist’s technique,the researchers would present it with between 3 and 10 reference paintings.With each reference painting it studies,the AI gradually learns to recognise the various characteristics of the given artist’s technique,including the stroke(笔画) colour,position and size—along with the order in which each brushstroke should be made.
PaintBot uses a technique known as reinforcement learning(强化学习).During the learning process,the AI would practise reproducing the reference painting,which it would then compare with the original work to see how similar the two were and if it was improving its imitation of the artist’s style.It takes around six hours for the AI to learn to imitate a given artist.
Once the AI has mastered a particular artist’s technique,the researchers could present it with a new image to produce in the same style.The AI then uses what it has learnt to produce a new painting,putting down each brushstroke one at a time.
After being trained in a given style,PaintBot takes only around five minutes to produce each of its digital masterpieces.
The way that PaintBot’s compositions are built up from thousands of individual brushstrokes makes the AI’s works more realistic than those online filters.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马里兰大学研究团队研发的AI(PaintBot) 它通过研究和模仿著名画家的画作风格和技法,不但能够复制出逼真的画作,还能按照名家的创作风格,创作出新的栩栩如生的画作。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的科学探索精神并增强学生对前沿科技的认识。
1.What does the author say about filters used to change digital photos
A.They do amazing work.
B.They are out of date.
C.They have different uses.
D.They are not good enough.
答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章第一段和最后一段内容可知,滤光镜还存在一些问题,并不是很完美。故选D。
2.What does PaintBot need to do first before imitating a certain artist’s
painting
A.Learn the artist’s technique.
B.Recognise the value of the painting.
C.Compare the painting with other works.
D.Understand the artist’s family background.
答案及剖析:
2.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第五段的内容可知,在模仿之前,研究人员会提供3到10幅指定画作来训练 PaintBot。在模仿之前,它所要做的第一件事就是学习给定艺术家的技巧。故选A。
3.How does PaintBot create works
A.It follows the given style.
B.It learns from the researchers.
C.It just imitates the reference paintings.
D.It mixes techniques of different artists.
答案及剖析:
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章倒数第三段的内容可知,PaintBot在掌握了给定的艺术家的技法后,会按同样的风格创作新的画作。故选A。
4.Which of the following best describes PaintBot’s paintings according
to the author
A.Popular. B.Valuable.
C.Advanced. D.Lifelike.
答案及剖析:
4.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的“...makes the AI’s works more realistic than those online filters.”可知,PaintBot创作的作品更栩栩如生。故选D。
B
Speaking in an interview,Naveen Jain,founder of a space exploration company called Moon Express,said that he believes moon travel is just a decade away.And his company,which is the first private firm to get approval from the US government to carry out the project of moon travel,wants to play a role in helping people get to the moon surface.
Many people in the technology and scientific communities are crazy about space exploration.Space presents an unprecedented(史无前例的) number of chances for scientific and human panies,big and small,are determining how they can create technologies that will allow people to explore space,the moon,and even Mars.Other companies are finding ways to play a role in space travel.
The key of that gold rush has been the declining cost of actually getting to space.Jain said that while it once cost billions of dollars to go to the moon,his company’s unmanned space flight next year will cost just $7 million.As costs continue to decline the next decade,getting to the moon will cost just $10,000.Better yet,it’ll take just four hours to get there.
Still,Mars is the final prize.And even Jain,whose company will focus on moon travel,said that “Mars is certainly the final destination”.When asked if he’d like to stage space flights to Mars,Jain says “of course”,adding that he believes Moon Express could partner with Elon Musk’s SpaceX to make that happen.
“Elon will build the rocket and we will do the travelers,”Jain said of a theoretical partnership.“Generally,he lays the cables and we do the last mile.”
SpaceX and Musk have not said whether they would work alongside Jain and Moon Express.Either way,it looks like hopping from the moon to Mars (and back) might be just a part of our lives.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着科技的发展,越来越多的公司和个人对太空探索感兴趣。更有人预测,在未来10年内月球之旅将实现,而且花费的费用和时间都会更少,甚至去火星也可能成为现实,并成为人们生活的一部分。阅读本文,有利于提高学生的科学探索意识,培养学生热爱科学的品质。
5.What does the author mean by saying “Mars is the final prize”
A.Mars is the final destination difficult but valuable to reach.
B.Mars is the final destination expensive but easy to reach.
C.Mars is the first destination to choose for space travelers.
D.Mars is the last destination to choose for space travelers.
答案及剖析:
5.A 句意猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测句子意义的能力。根据第四段中的第二句可知,画线部分的意思是上火星虽然难,但它是终极目标。如果能上去,那就相当于获得了终极大奖,值得尝试。故选A。
6.What can we learn from the passage
A.Moon Express is certainly an ideal partner for SpaceX.
B.SpaceX hasn’t decided to cooperate with Moon Express.
C.Moon Express and SpaceX used to be close partners.
D.SpaceX has been successful in moon travel exploration.
答案及剖析:
6.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的第一句可知,SpaceX还没有决定是否要和Moon Express合作。故选B。
7.Which section of newspaper is the passage taken from possibly
A.Entertainment. B.Education.
C.Technology. D.Literature.
答案及剖析:
7.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。通读全文可知,文章讲述了随着技术的发展,越来越多的公司和个人对太空探索感兴趣。由此推测,这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸的科技版块。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
The Science of Earthquakes
1.
The surface of the Earth is divided into different pieces.These are called tectonic plates(构造板块).When two plates suddenly slip past one another,an earthquake happens.This shakes the ground and everything on it.
What causes earthquakes and where do they happen
2. They are inner core,outer core,mantle(地幔) and the Earth’s crust
(地壳).The crust and the top of the mantle make up a thick skin on the surface of the planet.But this skin is not all in one piece.It is actually made up of many tectonic plates.They are like puzzle pieces.These pieces are always sliding around and bumping into each other.Sometimes their edges get stuck together.When this happens,the rest of the plate keeps moving.Eventually the edges come unstuck.3.
Why does the Earth shake when there is an earthquake
Earthquakes send out waves in all directions.When they reach the Earth’s surface,they shake the ground.4. The P wave squeezes and stretches the earth.The S wave shakes it up and down.
5.
Scientists use special tools to record and measure earthquakes.These tools are called seismographs.Recordings from seismographs tell scientists when and where an earthquake took place.They can also tell scientists the size of an earthquake.
A.How are earthquakes recorded
B.That is when an earthquake happens.
C.There are different types of earthquake waves.
D.What is an earthquake
E.The Earth has four main layers(层).
F.Can scientists predict earthquakes
G.Scientists can tell where an earthquake took place by studying the
P and S waves.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震的含义,引起地震的原因,地震发生的位置以及发生地震时地面震动的原因和地震的记录方法。阅读本文,有利于增加学生对地震的了解,加深对科技在地震方面的应用的认识。
答案及剖析:
1.D 考查学生理解上下文语义,建立段落内语义连贯的能力。根据“The surface of the Earth ... and everything on it.”可知,本段在向读者解释地震是什么,空处是本段的标题。故D项符合语境。
2.E 考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据空后一句可知,它们是内核、外核、地幔和地壳。空处要总说“地球有四个主要层”。故E项符合语境。
3.B 考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。根据“These pieces are always...the edges come unstuck.”可知,空处要总结性表述以上的内容,故B项符合语境。
4.C 考查学生理解上下文语义,建立段落内语义连贯的能力。根据空后一句可
知,空处要总说“地震波有不同的类型”,然后再具体说明。故C项符合语境。
5.A 考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据最后一段内容可知,本段主要在讨论地震是如何被记录的,空处是本段的标题。故A项符合语境。Unit 3 The world of science
With the new age coming,various products with high content of science and technology are popping up all over the world.They not only solve many difficulties which have bothered people so much,but also significantly improve people’s living conditions,helping people realise the dream that was impossible.Can you give some examples of such high-tech inventions
Part 1 Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
1.主题语境:人与社会——科技发展和科学精神。
2.语篇类型:访谈。
3.课文内容分析:课文以问答的形式介绍了古今中外人类的伟大新发明、这些发明给生活带来的巨大变化以及发明的原动力。阅读本文,有利于引导学生深入思考科学与生活之间的关系并了解未来世界科技的发展趋势,形成国际视野。
Outline of questions Interview notes
Is the great age of invention over There have been golden ages of invention 1. .And now the great 2. has come.
Tech-based inventions ●3. ●wearable tech ●4. ●5. made by 3D printers ●intelligent walking house
What inspires people to invent things ●to find a solution 6. ●an incredible desire to 7.
Is it possible to invent a time machine “8. !”
答案:1.throughout history 2.new age of technology 3.virtual reality 4.the flexible battery
5.replacement hearts and bone parts 6.to a problem 7.think and create 8.Never say never
1.Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China...(教材第26页)
想想中国古代的四大发明……
◆think of 想出;想到;想起;认为
Think of carnival,and you’ll think of the costumes and music.
想起狂欢节,你就会想到服装和音乐。
Can you think of ways to settle this problem
你能想出解决这个问题的办法吗
单句语法填空
①You should think it before making a decision.
完成句子
②I can’t (想出) a better place for our party.
③I (把她看作) my best friend.
④I don’t (对……评价高) that film.
答案:①over ②think of ③think of her as ④think highly/a lot of
2.In addition,important advances have been made in medicine...(教材第27页)
此外,医药也取得了重要进展……
◆in addition 除此之外,另外
In addition,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C)
此外,大多数报纸的内容很少能吸引广大读者。
English classes are offered.In addition,students can take classes in word-processing and computing.
提供英语课程。另外,学生可以修文字处理和计算机课程。
She can speak French and Japanese in addition to English.
除了英语,她还会说法语和日语。
In addition to practical skills,Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork,encourage self-worth,and promote feelings of community.(2021年天津卷,完形填空)
除了实践技能,Pruitt 的课程还教授团队合作,鼓励自我价值,促进社区情感。
当主语后跟有 in addition to引导的介词短语时,谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致(就远原则)。
The teacher,in addition to his students,was interested in the book.
除了他的学生,老师也对这本书感兴趣(即老师和他的学生都对这本书感兴趣)。
单句语法填空
①This excellent book will be a welcome (add) to the library of any student.
②Just before and an hour after each workout,the scientists took (addition) samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.(2020年江苏卷,阅读理解C)
③Mike,in addition to his classmates, (have) been to China.
答案:①addition ②additional ③has
3.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.(教材第27页)
3D打印机之类的新发明已经应用于制作移植心脏与部分骨骼。
◆be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Wood is used to make all kinds of furniture.
木头被用来制作各种家具。
Inventions are used to improve people’s living conditions.
发明被用来提高人们的生活条件。
[备用例句]
The room is used to have a meeting.=The room is used for having a meeting.
这个房间是用来开会的。
It is difficult to get used to another country’s customs.
要适应另一国家的风俗习惯是很困难的。
完成句子
①Travellers (习惯生活) in different climates and conditions.
②A few characters (被用来创作) a single impression growing out of the theme.(2020年浙江卷,阅读理解A)
③My dad (过去常常吸烟) after dinner,but now he is used to drinking tea.
④Sound can (被用作……) a weapon.(2020年天津卷,阅读理解C)
答案:①are/get used to living ②are used to create ③used to smoke ④be used as
4.It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places...(教材第27页)
它能依靠全球卫星导航系统技术四处移动……
◆capable adj.有能力的
He is very capable as a photographer.
他是个非常有能力的摄影师。
She is a very capable speaker.
她是一位非常有能力的演说者。
单句语法填空
①The company isn’t capable of (handle) such a large order.
② (capable)management can ruin the company.
答案:①handling ②Incapable
5.Now,reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.(教材第27页)
现在,能源供应紧缩与环境污染推动了新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。
◆lead to导致,引起
Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
研究表明,更友好的沟通会让工作场所更愉快。
Hard work leads to success while failure usually lies in laziness.
努力工作使人成功,而失败通常在于懒惰。
单句语法填空
①Hundreds of steps lead the high walls which surround the temple.
②It is impossible not to talk about China as the (lead) player when discussing fashion.(2019全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B)
完成句子
③Near the end of the race,he (领先).
④This street will (通往) the centre of the city.
答案:①to ②leading ③took the lead
④lead to
6....we have an incredible desire to think and create...(教材第27页)
……我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望……
◆desire n.渴望,欲望 vt.渴望,希望;要求
These days,safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower.(2021年全国乙卷,阅读理解A)
如今,安全法规——更不用说现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的渴望——往往会使体育馆的容量稍微降低。
He showed us that even a single desire,never given up on,can make for a remarkable life.(2021年浙江卷,阅读理解A)
他告诉我们,即使是一个愿望,只要永不言弃,也能创造非凡的人生。
[备用例句]
Jim has a strong desire for knowledge,so he is sure to make it.
Jim有强烈的求知欲,所以他肯定会成功。
Most of us desire (to live) a happy life.
我们大多数人渴望(过)幸福的生活。
单句语法填空
①She expressed a desire living with us.
②He had a long desire (go) on holiday.
完成句子
③我们希望你在一个月内完成这项工作。
We the work within one month.
答案:①for ②to go ③desire you to complete
So what is it that inspires us to invent things (教材第27页)
那是什么激励着人们进行发明创造呢
◆本句为强调句型,是对疑问词what的强调。强调句的常见句型为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.”。
But remember,it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
但是记住,是你必须成长,阅读和重读,以便更好地理解你的朋友。
It was at eight o’clock that I went to sleep yesterday.
昨天我是八点钟上床睡觉的。
When and where was it that you were born
你是什么时候,在哪里出生的
①强调句型不能用来强调原句的谓语动词;
②强调句型中的it 本身没有词义,但不能用其他词代替;
③被强调部分指人时用that或who 均可,其他情况一律用that;
④被强调部分无论是单数还是复数,it后的be动词均用单数形式,即is或was;
⑤被强调部分如果是原句的主语,who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与原句的主语保持一致;
⑥判断句子是否是强调句型的方法:去掉It is/was 与that/who,剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确,则为强调句型,否则不是。
单句语法填空
①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was I was chosen monitor of the class that I came to realise the importance of teamwork.
③ was the culture,rather than the language,that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
④It’s this strange form that (make) race walking such an attractive activity.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C)
答案:①that ②not until ③It ④makes
But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create,and that’s the real spirit of invention.(教材第27页)
不过有一点依旧重要,就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望,而这正是真正的发明精神。
本句是主从复合句。其中what remains important是what引导的主语从句,what在从句中作主语;that we have...to think and create是that引导的表语从句,that在表语从句中不作成分。
单句情境写作
①我们自豪的是,我们国家正在努力吸收各种优秀文化,以促进社会文明的进步,这才是我们的文化的真正本质。
②在我们的日常生活中,使我们受益匪浅的是先进技术的不断引进和创造,这在我们的社会建设中也发挥着重要的作用。
③我们确信的是,现代科技给我们的生活带来了便利和舒适,但这有时也会对我们产生不良影响。
答案:①What we are proud is that our country is trying to absorb all kinds of excellent cultures to promote the progress of social civilisation,and that’s the real nature of our culture.
②In our daily life,what benefits us a lot is that advanced technology is introduced and created continuously,and that also plays an important role in our social construction.
③What we are sure is that modern technology has brought convenience and comfort to our lives,but that sometimes also has a bad influence on us.
1.A faint blue light shot across it,darkening to purple...(教材第25页)
一道微弱的蓝光穿过它,渐渐变暗,变成紫色……
◆shoot v.射出(光、亮等),放射;射击
He shot the ball straight at the goalkeeper.
他把球径直向守门员踢去。
The sun shoots its beam through the mist.
太阳透过薄雾射出光芒。
单句语法填空
①The soldiers were shooting a target.
②She is looking for an opportunity (shoot).
答案:①at ②to shoot
2.It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions...(教材第26页)
它(书名)提示现在是发明创造的新时代……
◆suggest v.表明,暗示;建议
His pale face suggested that he was ill.他面色苍白,说明他生病了。
He suggested playing football after school.他提议放学后去踢足球。
①suggest后不接双宾语,间接宾语多由介词to引出,即:suggest sth.to sb.向某人建议某事。
②suggest后接动词时,要用动词的-ing形式,不接不定式。
③suggestion后面的同位语从句以及suggestion作主语时,其后的表语从句也用虚拟语气。
She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.
她建议班会不要在星期六举行。
He suggested a different plan to his boss.
他向他的老板提出了一个不同的计划。
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party.
(人们)建议我们在晚会上表演节目。
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first.
他的建议是先把债务还清。
Now a new study suggests getting benefits from exercise doesn’t have to be that demanding.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷)
现在一项新的研究表明从锻炼中得到好处不必那么吃力。
3.And now,we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.(教材第26页)
而现在,我们自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
◆find+宾语+宾语补足语
find在句中接复合宾语,宾语是ourselves,宾语补足语是in the great new age of technology。能作宾语补足语的可以是名词,形容词,副词,非谓语,介词短语等。
When he arrived,he found all the work already finished.
当他到的时候,他发现所有的工作已经完成。
When she woke up,she found herself lying in hospital.
当她醒来时,她发现自己正躺在医院里。
We find the story very interesting.
我们发现这个故事非常有趣。
4.In terms of the environment,it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.(教材第27页)
在环境领域,建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。
◆in terms of就……而言;在……方面;依照……
It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of comprehensive quality.
(人们)普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。
In the short term,the medicine may not be very effective.
从短期来看,这药可能不是很有疗效。
He is on good terms with his classmates.
他和他的同学们关系很好。
5.Currently,there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s...(教材第31页)
目前,阿尔茨海默症还没有治愈的方法……
◆cure n.药剂;疗法 vt.治愈
Empathy can be a cure for loneliness,sadness,anxiety and fear.
同情是治疗孤独、悲伤、焦虑和恐惧的良药。
When I left the hospital I was completely cured.
出院时,我已经痊愈了。
单句语法填空
①Alice was cured her cancer with the help of the doctors.
②Patients here are treated the latest medicine.
③There is no effective cure colds except rest.
答案:①of ②with ③for
现在完成时的被动语态
①I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst,whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.(教材第26页)
②I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.(教材第26页)
③In addition,important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.(教材第27页)
④Sure.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.(教材第27页)
⑤I’ve also been told that you’re an inventor yourself.(教材第27页)
⑥Nothing like this has been invented yet and I’d say...(教材第27页)
通过观察以上句子可知,句中主语为动作的承受者,且强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
主动语态表示主语为动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者。现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,但主语为动作的承受者,表示“……已经被……”。现在完成时的被动语态结构是“主语+has/have+been+过去分词”。
使用现在完成时的被动语态应注意下面几点:
1.现在完成时的被动语态同主动语态一样强调过去的动作对现在的影响。
They have just cleaned and repaired the watch.
→ The watch has just been cleaned and repaired (by them).
分析:此表刚擦洗、修理完,那就必然是用现在完成时。The watch是动作的承受者,在被动语态句中作主语。
Tom has written the letter.
→ The letter has been written by Tom.
分析:信已经写完且信与write之间为被动关系。
2.被动语态没有完成进行时态,主动语态的现在完成进行时改为被动语态时要用现在完成时。
He has been writing the report for two days.
→The report has been written by him for two days.
这份报告他写了两天了。
3.现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
(1) 表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前,强调对现在造成的影响或结果。
The light has been turned off.
灯被关上了。
单句语法填空
①His homework has (finish).
②The machine has (repair).
答案:①been finished ②been repaired
(2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for 或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long... ”句型中,如:
The road has been repaired for more than a month.
这条路修了一个多月了。
单句语法填空
①The machine (use) for about 30 years.
②Recently the price of TV sets has (cut).
答案:①has been used ②been cut
(3)注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况的联系。如:
The bridge was built last year.
这桥是去年建成的。
The bridge has been built.
这桥已经建好了。
单句语法填空
①She hasn’t been (hear) from since then.
②His cup was (break) last night.
答案:①heard ②broken
1.It (report) that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
2.Already,a number of films,including “Water for Elephants”,“The Hangover Part Ⅱ”and “Zookeeper”,have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them (not treat) properly.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B改编)
3.—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—By all means.He (honour) as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.(2020年江苏卷,单项填空)
答案及剖析:
1.has been reported 考查动词时态和语态。根据句意可知,这一情况现在已经被报道了,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
2.haven’t been treated 考查动词时态和语态。根据句意可知,“没有得到治疗”这一状况已经发生,且treat与主语the creatures之间为被动关系,主语为复数,因此用haven’t been treated。
3.has been honoured 考查动词时态和语态。根据since可知此处需用现在完成时,且He与honour之间为被动关系,因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Tom’s novel (publish) already.
2.The child (take) care of by grandma all these years.
3.The window (clean) by the worker by now.
4.The important problems (discuss) for nearly two weeks.
5.The door (lock).We have no key and can’t get into the room.
答案:1.has been published 2.has been taken 3.has been cleaned 4.have been discussed
5.has been locked
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.How long (这台机器被使用)
2.Now a new bridge (已被建起来) over the river.
3.No books (被买到) since last week.
4.Such a thing (从未听说过) before.
5.This novel (被译成) several languages.
答案:1.has the machine been used 2.has been built 3.have been bought 4.has never been heard of 5.has been translated into
课时作业(五) Unit 3 Part 1
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.In addition to (give) a general introduction to computers,the course also provides practical experience.
2.Dogs seem to understand our needs and have a desire (help) us out.
3.The sports meet,which was (original) due last Friday,was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
4.It is believed that it is his ability to work under (press) that led to his great success.
5.Technological advances mean more information can be delivered online rapidly and (flexible).
6.Every student in the class is capable passing the exam.
7.Nowadays,there are more and more products and services using high technologies such as artificial intelligence,5G and virtual (real) technology.
8.She lost her job when the factory closed,along hundreds of others.
9.A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles was (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks,leaving me only two weeks to train.
10.We found a new cure the virus and many patients were cured their diseases.
答案:1.giving 2.to help 3.originally 4.pressure 5.flexibly 6.of 7.reality
8.with 9.injured 10.for;of
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1.Linda didn’t get there on time because of the bad weather; (除此之外),her car was in poor condition.
2.As a matter of fact,we (有能力) preventing the disease from spreading.
3. (多亏了) his gift for learning a foreign language,Bill can communicate with people freely in this country now.
4.The job is good (就……而言) its working conditions,but the salary is too low.
5.I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed (无法辨认).
答案:1.in addition 2.are capable of 3.Thanks to 4.in terms of 5.beyond recognition
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Although there are filters(滤光镜) which can change digital photographs to make them similar to paintings,obvious differences still exist.
A brand-new painting AI has been made public recently.Much like pupils of the old masters,the new AI studies the works of great painters like Vermeer and Van Gogh and learns to reproduce them.
The AI,named “PaintBot”,is the creation of a team of researchers from the ByteDance AI Lab of the University of Maryland.
PaintBot can not only reproduce the work of different artists but create new works based on photographs in the chosen painter’s characteristic style.
To train the AI to imitate a given artist’s technique,the researchers would present it with between 3 and 10 reference paintings.With each reference painting it studies,the AI gradually learns to recognise the various characteristics of the given artist’s technique,including the stroke(笔画) colour,position and size—along with the order in which each brushstroke should be made.
PaintBot uses a technique known as reinforcement learning(强化学习).During the learning process,the AI would practise reproducing the reference painting,which it would then compare with the original work to see how similar the two were and if it was improving its imitation of the artist’s style.It takes around six hours for the AI to learn to imitate a given artist.
Once the AI has mastered a particular artist’s technique,the researchers could present it with a new image to produce in the same style.The AI then uses what it has learnt to produce a new painting,putting down each brushstroke one at a time.
After being trained in a given style,PaintBot takes only around five minutes to produce each of its digital masterpieces.
The way that PaintBot’s compositions are built up from thousands of individual brushstrokes makes the AI’s works more realistic than those online filters.
1.What does the author say about filters used to change digital photos
A.They do amazing work.
B.They are out of date.
C.They have different uses.
D.They are not good enough.
2.What does PaintBot need to do first before imitating a certain artist’s painting
A.Learn the artist’s technique.
B.Recognise the value of the painting.
C.Compare the painting with other works.
D.Understand the artist’s family background.
3.How does PaintBot create works
A.It follows the given style.
B.It learns from the researchers.
C.It just imitates the reference paintings.
D.It mixes techniques of different artists.
4.Which of the following best describes PaintBot’s paintings according to the author
A.Popular. B.Valuable.
C.Advanced. D.Lifelike.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马里兰大学研究团队研发的AI(PaintBot) 它通过研究和模仿著名画家的画作风格和技法,不但能够复制出逼真的画作,还能按照名家的创作风格,创作出新的栩栩如生的画作。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的科学探索精神并增强学生对前沿科技的认识。
答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据文章第一段和最后一段内容可知,滤光镜还存在一些问题,并不是很完美。故选D。
2.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章第五段的内容可知,在模仿之前,研究人员会提供3到10幅指定画作来训练 PaintBot。在模仿之前,它所要做的第一件事就是学习给定艺术家的技巧。故选A。
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据文章倒数第三段的内容可知,PaintBot在掌握了给定的艺术家的技法后,会按同样的风格创作新的画作。故选A。
4.D 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的“...makes the AI’s works more realistic than those online filters.”可知,PaintBot创作的作品更栩栩如生。故选D。
B
Speaking in an interview,Naveen Jain,founder of a space exploration company called Moon Express,said that he believes moon travel is just a decade away.And his company,which is the first private firm to get approval from the US government to carry out the project of moon travel,wants to play a role in helping people get to the moon surface.
Many people in the technology and scientific communities are crazy about space exploration.Space presents an unprecedented(史无前例的) number of chances for scientific and human panies,big and small,are determining how they can create technologies that will allow people to explore space,the moon,and even Mars.Other companies are finding ways to play a role in space travel.
The key of that gold rush has been the declining cost of actually getting to space.Jain said that while it once cost billions of dollars to go to the moon,his company’s unmanned space flight next year will cost just $7 million.As costs continue to decline the next decade,getting to the moon will cost just $10,000.Better yet,it’ll take just four hours to get there.
Still,Mars is the final prize.And even Jain,whose company will focus on moon travel,said that “Mars is certainly the final destination”.When asked if he’d like to stage space flights to Mars,Jain says “of course”,adding that he believes Moon Express could partner with Elon Musk’s SpaceX to make that happen.
“Elon will build the rocket and we will do the travelers,”Jain said of a theoretical partnership.“Generally,he lays the cables and we do the last mile.”
SpaceX and Musk have not said whether they would work alongside Jain and Moon Express.Either way,it looks like hopping from the moon to Mars (and back) might be just a part of our lives.
5.What does the author mean by saying “Mars is the final prize”
A.Mars is the final destination difficult but valuable to reach.
B.Mars is the final destination expensive but easy to reach.
C.Mars is the first destination to choose for space travelers.
D.Mars is the last destination to choose for space travelers.
6.What can we learn from the passage
A.Moon Express is certainly an ideal partner for SpaceX.
B.SpaceX hasn’t decided to cooperate with Moon Express.
C.Moon Express and SpaceX used to be close partners.
D.SpaceX has been successful in moon travel exploration.
7.Which section of newspaper is the passage taken from possibly
A.Entertainment. B.Education.
C.Technology. D.Literature.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着科技的发展,越来越多的公司和个人对太空探索感兴趣。更有人预测,在未来10年内月球之旅将实现,而且花费的费用和时间都会更少,甚至去火星也可能成为现实,并成为人们生活的一部分。阅读本文,有利于提高学生的科学探索意识,培养学生热爱科学的品质。
答案及剖析:
5.A 句意猜测题。考查学生在具体语境中推测句子意义的能力。根据第四段中的第二句可知,画线部分的意思是上火星虽然难,但它是终极目标。如果能上去,那就相当于获得了终极大奖,值得尝试。故选A。
6.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的第一句可知,SpaceX还没有决定是否要和Moon Express合作。故选B。
7.C 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。通读全文可知,文章讲述了随着技术的发展,越来越多的公司和个人对太空探索感兴趣。由此推测,这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸的科技版块。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
The Science of Earthquakes
1.
The surface of the Earth is divided into different pieces.These are called tectonic plates(构造板块).When two plates suddenly slip past one another,an earthquake happens.This shakes the ground and everything on it.
What causes earthquakes and where do they happen
2. They are inner core,outer core,mantle(地幔) and the Earth’s crust(地壳).The crust and the top of the mantle make up a thick skin on the surface of the planet.But this skin is not all in one piece.It is actually made up of many tectonic plates.They are like puzzle pieces.These pieces are always sliding around and bumping into each other.Sometimes their edges get stuck together.When this happens,the rest of the plate keeps moving.Eventually the edges come unstuck.3.
Why does the Earth shake when there is an earthquake
Earthquakes send out waves in all directions.When they reach the Earth’s surface,they shake the ground.4. The P wave squeezes and stretches the earth.The S wave shakes it up and down.
5.
Scientists use special tools to record and measure earthquakes.These tools are called seismographs.Recordings from seismographs tell scientists when and where an earthquake took place.They can also tell scientists the size of an earthquake.
A.How are earthquakes recorded
B.That is when an earthquake happens.
C.There are different types of earthquake waves.
D.What is an earthquake
E.The Earth has four main layers(层).
F.Can scientists predict earthquakes
G.Scientists can tell where an earthquake took place by studying the P and S waves.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震的含义,引起地震的原因,地震发生的位置以及发生地震时地面震动的原因和地震的记录方法。阅读本文,有利于增加学生对地震的了解,加深对科技在地震方面的应用的认识。
答案及剖析:
1.D 考查学生理解上下文语义,建立段落内语义连贯的能力。根据“The surface of the Earth ... and everything on it.”可知,本段在向读者解释地震是什么,空处是本段的标题。故D项符合语境。
2.E 考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据空后一句可知,它们是内核、外核、地幔和地壳。空处要总说“地球有四个主要层”。故E项符合语境。
3.B 考查学生理解平行和递进语义连贯的具体信息的能力。根据“These pieces are always...the edges come unstuck.”可知,空处要总结性表述以上的内容,故B项符合语境。
4.C 考查学生理解上下文语义,建立段落内语义连贯的能力。根据空后一句可知,空处要总说“地震波有不同的类型”,然后再具体说明。故C项符合语境。
5.A 考查学生对平行信息之间的衔接关系的理解能力。根据最后一段内容可知,本段主要在讨论地震是如何被记录的,空处是本段的标题。故A项符合语境。(共69张PPT)
Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,
Reflection
学习理解·语篇解构
核心知识·深入探究
备用讲义
写作专项指导
课时作业
学习理解·语篇解构
1.主题语境:人与社会——科学精神。
2.语篇类型:论说文。
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了人们对Franklin 著名的风筝实验真实性的怀疑和求证。
阅读本文,有利于引导学生初步了解科学精神的内涵,培养学生的批判性思维和严
谨、认真的学习态度,并使他们懂得在追求科学的道路上,应该秉承实事求是、一
丝不苟的精神。
语篇导读 先行把握
多维解读 深度剖析
Theme:Is Franklin’s experiment entirely true
a piece of string
was attached to the string
touched the key
an electric shock
generations of schoolchildren
Question:If Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have
6. the electric shock.
The other example:There is no proof that the apple,which inspired Newton
to 7. the theory of gravity,hit him
8. .
Conclusion:①Neither the story nor the details of Franklin’s experiment
are 9. .
②We should not always believe every 10. idea we
read or hear—even if it is a great story.
died from
come up with
on the head
entirely true
accepted
重点词汇
1.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the
United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the
US Constitution.(教材第32页)
本杰明·富兰克林(1706—1790)是美国的开国元勋之一,他协助起草了《独立宣言》
和美国宪法。
◆declaration n.声明,宣告
核心知识·深入探究
At the recent convention,they adopted a declaration.
在最近的大会上,他们通过了一项声明。
There is a declaration at the top of your document.
在您的文档顶部是一个声明。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
declare表示“宣称;宣布”,其后的宾语可以是名词、代词,也可以是that从句,但习惯上不能是不定式。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The two nations made a joint (declare) against the war.
②She declared (her) extremely hurt by his lack of support.
③He declared he was on good terms with her.
完成句子
④They (宣布这个实验成功)
after many failures.
declaration
herself
that
declared the experiment to be successful
2.A metal key was attached to the string.(教材第32页)
细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。
◆attach v.系,绑;贴;附上
The tourist attached labels to all his bags.
那位游客把他的行李都贴上了标签。
While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts,which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
虽然我倾向于买很多书,但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的,这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①The research unit is (attach) to the university.
②I attach great importance this research.
attached
to
3.Franklin,along with many other scientists,has inspired us and taught
us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the
truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and
inventions.(教材第32页)
富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道,激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动
科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
◆in order to...为了……
In order to catch the early bus,the boy got up early.
为了赶上早班车,这个男孩早就起床了。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions.
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)
麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们更进一步地改变了植物的实际组成,以使它们能够发挥不同的,甚至是不寻常的功能。
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①In order (make) a living,they can do anything.
②We all get up early in order we may start at seven.
③She is wise as to solve the problem quickly.
完成句子
④Sometimes my friend goes to the library (为了)
borrow books.
to make
that
so
in order to/ so as to
4.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on
Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.(教材
第33页)
一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事:一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋,促使他
提出了万有引力定律。
◆come up with提出;想出
Dave had come up with a very simple plan.
戴夫提出了一个十分简单易行的计划。
She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)
她试图想出一个标签贴在海狸鼠时装上,以表明它是环保的。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
come up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;而come up with主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”,为及物动词短语。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①I never thought I could come my old deskmate here.
②Can you come up a new solution to the problem
③His new book will come at the end of this month.
完成句子
④ (当谈到……) in-person humour,effort counts a lot.
(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
across
with
out
When it comes to
5.In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly
inspired by a falling apple,there is no proof that it hit him on the
head.(教材第33页)
事实上,不止一处资料显示,虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表
明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
◆account n.记述,描述;报道;账户 v.说明,解释
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.
他因受惊过度而无法描述所发生的事情。
Can you account for your whereabouts on that night
你能说明一下你那天晚上的行踪吗
归纳拓展
语境运用
单句语法填空
①I was a new teacher,and I gave honest account of the
students’ work.
②The results held true even after the scientists accounted the
participants’ overall health status.(2020年浙江卷,阅读理解C)
③One must take the audience account when making speeches.
完成句子
④ (决不) should the house be left unlocked.
⑤She retired early (由于) ill health.
an
for
into
On no account/In no way
on account of/because of
重点句式
However,neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.(教材第33页)
然而,不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
◆neither...nor... 既不……也不……
As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece of reportage.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读C)
正如作者所解释的,这既不是旅行,也不是历史书,甚至不是一篇报告文学。
Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
没有动机,你既不能树立目标也不能实现它。
归纳拓展
温馨提示
主谓一致的“就近原则”指谓语动词在人称和数上与靠近它的主语保持一致,常出现在这类句子中的连词还有or、“either...or...”、“not only...but (also)...”、“not...but...”和there be句型等。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①Not only the students but also their teacher (be) enjoying
the film.
②It is not I but you who (be) the first to run to the goal in
the competition.
③Neither I nor he (like) playing tricks on others.
is
are
likes
长难句分析
Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place,more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.(教材第33页)
虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事,不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。
本句为主从复合句。Although引导的是一个让步状语从句,其中that引导的宾语从句作prove的宾语,在主句中,what引导的宾语从句作question的宾语,且what在从句中作主语。
语境运用
单句情境写作
①尽管人们相信去外太空和其他星球的旅行不再是一场梦,大多数人还是不知道应
该必备什么条件。
Although it is believed that the journey to outer space and other planets is no longer a dream,most people still don’t know what qualifications are necessary.
②虽然我们认为先进的科学技术给我们的日常生活带来了便利,我们仍坚持做技术
所不能代替的事情。
Although we think that advanced technology has brought convenience to our daily life,we still insist on doing what can’t be replaced by technology.
③尽管众所周知因特网使学习更加容易,父母也应该精心挑选适合自己孩子的内容。
Although it is well known that the Internet makes learning easier,parents should also pick out what is suitable for their children.
备用讲义
1....the story may be fiction instead of fact.(教材第32页)
……这个故事可能是虚构的,而并非事实。
◆instead of...而不是……;代替
What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door,like an opportunity(机会) of some sort,and instead of opening the door and taking the opportunity,they just stare at it and wonder ...
(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
如果在以后的生活中,他们来到一个隐喻的门前,比如一个机会,他们只是盯着它想,而不是打开门抓住机会……
We’ll go by bus instead of on foot.
我们坐车去,而不是步行去。
He went there instead of his father.=His father didn’t go there.He went there instead.
他代替父亲去了那儿。
归纳拓展
Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
看见窗外树枝的住院病人可能要比看到楼房和天空的病人恢复得更快。
We should encourage them instead of throwing cold water on them.
我们应该鼓励他们而不是对他们泼冷水。
We use gas in place of coal in cooking.
我们用煤气代替煤做饭。
Computers have taken the place of typewriters in most offices.
在大多数办公室,电脑已经取代了打字机。
2....he would certainly have died from the electric shock.(教材第33页)
……他必定会被电死。
◆die from 死于……
The fish die from polluted water.
这群鱼死于被污染的水。
In cold winters,many wild animals can die of hungry.
在寒冷的冬天,许多野生动物会死于饥饿。
归纳拓展
语境运用
完成句子
①I’m dying (想要) a cup of coffee.
②I’m (想知道) what happened.
③Although the wind has (减弱),the rain remains steady,so
you still need a raincoat.
④The noise of the plane (消失) in the distance.
⑤Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to (灭绝).
for
dying to know
died down
died away
die out
3....while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is no
proof that it hit him on the head.(教材第33页)
……虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin,they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
虽然太阳光线会老化和伤害我们的皮肤,但它们也会供给我们有益的维生素D。
You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
当你树立目标时,必须把这几点记在脑海里。
归纳拓展
My wife was silent while I was reading.
我读书的时候,我妻子默默不语。(当……的时候)
You like sports,while I’d rather read.
你喜欢体育,而我宁愿读书。(表对比)
While online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但并非它所有的影响都是正面的。(虽然,尽管)
Would you like to come in and rest for a while
你要不要进来休息一会儿 (一会儿)
写作专项指导
Writing an experiment report
文本解读
1.文体类型:实验报告,属于应用文范畴,常用于把实验目的、方法、过程、结果
等记录下来,经过整理写成书面汇总材料。
2.要点内容:先介绍实验目的和实验所需器材,再介绍实验过程及结论。
思路指引
实用表达
实验报告首段常用句式:
The purpose of our experiment is to...
We do this experiment in order to find out...
By doing this experiment,we intend to...
We aim to...in this experiment.
实验报告中段常用句式:
Before we...,we...
First,we...Then,we...Finally,we...
First of all,we...Next,we...
实验报告尾段常用句式:
According to the experiment,we can draw a conclusion that...
The result of the experiment shows that...
This experiment suggests that...
佳作建构
请根据下面的要求写一份有关水沸腾的实验报告,词数为80个左右。
1.实验目的:观察水沸腾时的温度与当时所发生的变化。
2.实验器材:一个试管(a test tube)、水、一个温度计(thermometer)、一个本生灯(Bunsen burner)。
3.实验过程:(1)将试管注水一半;(2)把温度计放到试管里;(3)把试管里的水加热,观察温度计的读数。
4.实验结果:当温度达到100摄氏度(degree centigrade)时,气泡开始出现。
5.实验结论:(1)当温度达到100摄氏度时,水会沸腾;(2)在沸腾的过程中会出现许多气泡。
Water boiling experiment
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. adv.完全地,彻底地
2. adj.科学(上)的
3. n.(科学)实验
4. v.传导(热、电);实施
5. 实地研究,实地调研
6. 准备
entirely
scientific
experiment
conduct
field research
prepare for
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.我们可以做个科学实验来弄清楚。
We can to find out.
2.我们需要准备下列材料。
We need to the following materials.
3.把试管里的水加热。
the in the test tube.
4.然后,观察温度计的读数。
Then, the reading the thermometer.
conduct a scientific experiment
prepare for
Heat
water
watch
of
5.水已经被加热到100摄氏度了。
The water to 100 degrees centigrade.
6.水完全沸腾了,大量的气泡出现了。
The water and bubbles appear.
7.如果你对这个结论感兴趣,你可以跟你的老师在实验室做一个实地研究。
If you this conclusion,you can do a .
with your teacher in the laboratory.
has been heated
entirely boils
a lot of
are interested in
field research
亮点提升
将句5、句6改成含有状语从句的句子。
When the water has been heated to 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely boils and a lot of bubbles appear.
范文展示
Water boiling experiment
Wondering the temperature when water is boiling and what will happen,here we can conduct a scientific experiment to find out.
Before we start,we need to prepare for the following materials:a test tube,some water,a thermometer and a Bunsen burner.First,fill the test tube half full of water and then put the thermometer in the test tube with water.Next,heat the water in the test tube and then,watch the reading of the thermometer.We can observe that,when the water has been heated to 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely boils and a lot of bubbles appear.
According to the experiment,we can draw a conclusion that water will boil when the temperature reaches 100 degrees centigrade,during which a lot of bubbles appear.If you are interested in this conclusion,you can do a field reasearch with your teacher in the laboratory.
写作练习
请根据下列要求写一份关于金属镁燃烧的实验报告。词数为80个左右。
1.实验目的:观察镁在空气中燃烧产生的现象;
2.实验器材:一块镁(magnesium)条、一个酒精灯、一个金属夹子。
3.实验过程:(1)点燃酒精灯;(2)用夹子夹住镁条;(3)把镁条放到酒精灯的火焰上观察。
4.验结果:镁条加热后燃烧,生成白色物质。
5.实验结论:镁能与空气中的氧发生反应,生成氧化镁(magnesium oxide)。
写作指导
One possible version:
The purpose of our experiment today is to find out what will happen if magnesium burns in the air.
Before we start,we can prepare for the following materials: a piece of magnesium,an alcohol burner and a pair of tongs.First,light the alcohol burner and then use the tongs to hold the piece of magnesium.When the piece of magnesium has been put on the flame of the alcohol burner,the piece of magnesium begins to burn and then produces a kind of white substance.
According to the experiment,we can draw a conclusion that magnesium reacts with the air and produces a kind of substance called magnesium oxide.
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.If it (rain) tomorrow,we will put off the picnic.
2.In the past decades,we have witnessed China’s many .
(science) achievements.
3.As winter (approach),some birds fly to the south to escape
the coldness.
4.The mother,along with her two children, (rescue) from
the sinking boat last week.
rains
scientific
approaches
was rescued
5.In the experiment,the string is designed (conduct)
electricity when it is wet.
6.The couple were walking in the woods when suddenly a branch hit the
wife the head.
7.Before I begin,let’s make clear that it’s only a casual
talk.
8.It was reported that neither the athletes nor their coach (be)
satisfied with the result of the match.
9.It went through several (draft) before being published.
10.Schools are supposed to attach more importance students’ physical
training.
to conduct
on
it
was
drafts
to
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1. (附在……上的) the gift was a note on which he
expressed his appreciation.
2.I don’t know who (想出) this idea,but it is
really wonderful.
3.The plot lines(主要情节) of these cartoons are simple and they often
(发生) at home or school.
4.It was a difficult time. (除了……外) everything else,
we had financial problems.
5.Due to the cold weather,the little girl herself (紧
挨着) her mother closely.
Attached to
came up with
take place
Apart from
tied
to
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Researchers from the MIT Media Lab,Boston Children’s Hospital,and Northeastern University used a robotic teddy bear,“Huggable”,across the Boston Children’s Hospital.More than 50 hospitalised children were divided into three groups that involved Huggable,a tablet-based virtual Huggable,or a traditional toy teddy bear.In general,the robotic Huggable was proved to help bring more positive outcomes over the other two choices.
When first designed,Huggable was operated remotely by a specialist outside a child’s room for the moment.Through software,the specialist could control the robot’s facial expressions and body actions.The specialists could also talk through a speaker—with their voice automatically changed to a sound more childlike—and monitor the participants via camera.
During the treatments involving Huggable for kids aged 3 to 10 years,a specialist would sing nursery rhymes to younger children through the robotic bear and move the arms during the song.Older kids would play the I Spy game,where they had to guess an object in the room described by the specialist through Huggable.Through self-reports and questionnaires,the researchers recorded how much the patients and their families liked Huggable.A greater percentage of children and their parents reported that the children enjoyed playing with Huggable more than with the virtual figure or the traditional teddy bear.
The study proved the possibility of including Huggable in the treatments for children.Results also showed that children playing with Huggable experienced more positive emotions overall.They also got out of bed and moved around more,and were emotionally connected with the robot,asking it personal questions and inviting it to come back later to meet their families.“Such improved emotional and physical outcomes are all positive factors that could contribute to hospitalised children’s better and faster recovery,”the researchers wrote in their study.
The study also provided a basis for developing a fully autonomous Huggable robot,which is the researchers’ final goal.In the future,that automated robot could be used to improve children’s further treatment and care,and monitor their well-being.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。研究人员在波士顿儿童医院使用机器人泰迪熊Huggable来辅助治疗儿童患者。研究证明自动化机器人可以用来协助儿童的进一步治疗和护理。阅读本文,有利于培养学生热爱科学的兴趣,并拓宽学生的知识面。
1.What can we learn about Huggable
A.It was first designed for disabled kids.
B.It can make facial expressions.
C.It talks like a caring parent.
D.It works automatically.
答案及剖析:
1.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第二句可知, Huggable是有表情的。故选B。
2.What’s the children’s attitude towards“Huggable”
A.Favorable.
B.Conventional.
C.Disappointing.
D.Unhelpful.
答案及剖析:
2.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的最后一句可知,孩子们更愿意和Huggable一起玩,对它持肯定态度。故选A。
3.How did Huggable help the hospitalised children with their treatment
A.It improved their mental experience.
B.It protected them from possible virus.
C.It gave tips on taking good care of young patients.
D.It provided up-to-date information about their diseases.
答案及剖析:
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,Huggable通过改善孩子们的精神体验来帮助他们的治疗。故选A。
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The fast development of robots in medical area.
B.A new technology in medicine to treat children.
C.Robots’ advantages over other methods of treatment.
D.A robotic teddy bear used in caring for hospitalised children.
答案及剖析:
4.D 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。根据第一段中的第一句以及下文对这项研究的介绍可知,文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
According to a study led by Nottingham Trent University in Britain,the 1 person looks at their phones 86 times a day, 2 over the Internet or using apps. 3 their status on social media platforms also makes people 4 their electronic companion 5 .
Do you actually look at your surroundings more than at your 6 Is it rude to check your phone when someone is talking to you
Sherry Turkle interviewed hundreds of college students about this.They talked about 7 they called “the rule of three”.The rule has to do with being considerate to others 8 the attraction of the little flat box.Turkle explained,“If you go to dinner with friends,you don’t look down at your phone 9 you see that three people are looking up in the conversation.You follow the rule in order to keep a little conversation 10 .”
Actually,if you are clever enough you might use your phone as a(n) 11 to connect with people next to you.How about 12 them pictures stored in its memory Sharing a bit of your life with them can bring you 13 together.But the best thing to deal with mobile phone addiction is to 14 and leave the machine behind occasionally.Life might be what happens when you are too 15 staring at a small screen.
语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过两项研究表明现代人对手机的过分依赖严重影响了现实生活中的人际沟通,并对此提出了解决办法。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的批判性思维方式,引导学生正确对待和使用电子设备。
[文章脉络]
1.A.equal B.common
C.average D.strong
2.A.going B.turning
C.thinking D.glancing
3.A.Submitting B.Approving
C.Downloading D.Updating
答案及剖析:
1.C 根据语境可知,此处应指研究表明,普通(average) 人每天频繁查看手机。故选C。
2.D 根据语境可知,此处指普通人每天查看手机86次以浏览互联网或使用应用软件。glance over意为“浏览,翻阅”。故选D。
3.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示人们更新(Updating) 他们在社交平台的动态。故选D。
4.A.hold on B.reach for
C.look into D.see through
5.A.frequently B.regularly
C.generally D.rarely
6.A.friend B.family
C.phone D.book
答案及剖析:
4.B 根据语境可知,此处指伸手拿手机。reach for sth.意为“伸手够某物”。故选B。
5.A 根据语境可知,此处指人们频繁地(frequently) 拿起他们的电子伴侣。故选A。
6.C 根据语境可知,此处指你看你周围环境的次数比看你手机(phone)的次数更多吗 故选C。
7.A.that B.which
C.who D.what
8.A.in spite of B.in place of
C.in charge of D.in addition to
9.A.before B.after
C.until D.once
答案及剖析:
7.D 分析句子结构可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应用what引导。故选D。
8.A 根据语境可知,此处指这个规则要求人们要为他人着想而不顾手机的诱惑。in spite of意为“尽管,不管”。故选A。
9.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示一旦(once) 看到有三个人都在抬头讲话,你就不要去看手机。故选D。
10.A.alive B.boring
C.demanding D.exhausting
11.A.action B.measure
C.tool D.treatment
12.A.making B.giving
C.taking D.showing
答案及剖析:
10.A 根据语境可知,此处指你遵循原则是为了让谈话变得活跃(alive)。故选A。
11.C 根据语境可知,此处指如果你足够聪明,你可能会把手机当作一种与身边的人沟通的工具(tool)。故选C。
12.D 根据下文中的“Sharing a bit of your life with them”可推知,此处应表示向他们展示(showing) 储存在手机里的照片。故选D。
13.A.closer B.further
C.higher D.longer
14.A.damage B.quit
C.pause D.freeze
15.A.free B.kind
C.sad D.busy
答案及剖析:
13.A 根据语境可知,此处指和他们分享你的生活可以让你们更亲近(closer)。故选A。
14.B 根据语境可推知,此处指你应该戒除(quit) 手机上瘾。故选B。
15.D 根据语境可知,此处指生活(中的事)可能就发生在你太过忙于(busy) 盯着那块小屏幕时。故选D。Part 2 Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
1.主题语境:人与社会——科学精神。
2.语篇类型:论说文。
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了人们对Franklin 著名的风筝实验真实性的怀疑和求证。阅读本文,有利于引导学生初步了解科学精神的内涵,培养学生的批判性思维和严谨、认真的学习态度,并使他们懂得在追求科学的道路上,应该秉承实事求是、一丝不苟的精神。
Theme:Is Franklin’s experiment entirely true
Question:If Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have 6. the electric shock.
The other example:There is no proof that the apple,which inspired Newton to 7. the theory of gravity,hit him 8. .
Conclusion:①Neither the story nor the details of Franklin’s experiment are 9. .
②We should not always believe every 10. idea we read or hear—even if it is a great story.
答案:1.a piece of string 2.was attached to the string 3.touched the key 4.an electric shock
5.generations of schoolchildren 6.died from 7.come up with 8.on the head 9.entirely true 10.accepted
1.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution.(教材第32页)
本杰明·富兰克林(1706—1790)是美国的开国元勋之一,他协助起草了《独立宣言》和美国宪法。
◆declaration n.声明,宣告
At the recent convention,they adopted a declaration.
在最近的大会上,他们通过了一项声明。
There is a declaration at the top of your document.
在您的文档顶部是一个声明。
declare表示“宣称;宣布”,其后的宾语可以是名词、代词,也可以是that从句,但习惯上不能是不定式。
单句语法填空
①The two nations made a joint (declare) against the war.
②She declared (her) extremely hurt by his lack of support.
③He declared he was on good terms with her.
完成句子
④They (宣布这个实验成功) after many failures.
答案:①declaration ②herself ③that
④declared the experiment to be successful
2.A metal key was attached to the string.(教材第32页)
细绳上绑着一把金属钥匙。
◆attach v.系,绑;贴;附上
The tourist attached labels to all his bags.
那位游客把他的行李都贴上了标签。
While I tend to buy a lot of books,these three were given to me as gifts,which might add to the meaning I attach to them.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B)
虽然我倾向于买很多书,但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的,这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。
单句语法填空
①The research unit is (attach) to the university.
②I attach great importance this research.
答案:①attached ②to
3.Franklin,along with many other scientists,has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.(教材第32页)
富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道,激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
◆in order to...为了……
In order to catch the early bus,the boy got up early.
为了赶上早班车,这个男孩早就起床了。
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions.(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D)
麻省理工学院(MIT)的工程师们更进一步地改变了植物的实际组成,以使它们能够发挥不同的,甚至是不寻常的功能。
单句语法填空
①In order (make) a living,they can do anything.
②We all get up early in order we may start at seven.
③She is wise as to solve the problem quickly.
完成句子
④Sometimes my friend goes to the library (为了) borrow books.
答案:①to make ②that ③so ④in order to/ so as to
4.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.(教材第33页)
一些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事:一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑袋,促使他提出了万有引力定律。
◆come up with提出;想出
Dave had come up with a very simple plan.
戴夫提出了一个十分简单易行的计划。
She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C)
她试图想出一个标签贴在海狸鼠时装上,以表明它是环保的。
come up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;而come up with主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”,为及物动词短语。
单句语法填空
①I never thought I could come my old deskmate here.
②Can you come up a new solution to the problem
③His new book will come at the end of this month.
完成句子
④ (当谈到……) in-person humour,effort counts a lot.(2020年江苏卷,任务型阅读)
答案:①across ②with ③out ④When it comes to
5.In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is no proof that it hit him on the head.(教材第33页)
事实上,不止一处资料显示,虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
◆account n.记述,描述;报道;账户 v.说明,解释
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.
他因受惊过度而无法描述所发生的事情。
Can you account for your whereabouts on that night
你能说明一下你那天晚上的行踪吗
单句语法填空
①I was a new teacher,and I gave honest account of the students’ work.
②The results held true even after the scientists accounted the participants’ overall health status.(2020年浙江卷,阅读理解C)
③One must take the audience account when making speeches.
完成句子
④ (决不) should the house be left unlocked.
⑤She retired early (由于) ill health.
答案:①an ②for ③into ④On no account/In no way ⑤on account of/because of
However,neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.(教材第33页)
然而,不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
◆neither...nor... 既不……也不……
As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece of reportage.(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读C)
正如作者所解释的,这既不是旅行,也不是历史书,甚至不是一篇报告文学。
Without motivation,you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
没有动机,你既不能树立目标也不能实现它。
主谓一致的“就近原则”指谓语动词在人称和数上与靠近它的主语保持一致,常出现在这类句子中的连词还有or、“either...or...”、“not only...but (also)...”、“not...but...”和there be句型等。
单句语法填空
①Not only the students but also their teacher (be) enjoying the film.
②It is not I but you who (be) the first to run to the goal in the competition.
③Neither I nor he (like) playing tricks on others.
答案:①is ②are ③likes
Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place,more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.(教材第33页)
虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事,不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。
本句为主从复合句。Although引导的是一个让步状语从句,其中that引导的宾语从句作prove的宾语,在主句中,what引导的宾语从句作question的宾语,且what在从句中作主语。
单句情境写作
①尽管人们相信去外太空和其他星球的旅行不再是一场梦,大多数人还是不知道应该必备什么条件。
②虽然我们认为先进的科学技术给我们的日常生活带来了便利,我们仍坚持做技术所不能代替的事情。
③尽管众所周知因特网使学习更加容易,父母也应该精心挑选适合自己孩子的内容。
答案:①Although it is believed that the journey to outer space and other planets is no longer a dream,most people still don’t know what qualifications are necessary.
②Although we think that advanced technology has brought convenience to our daily life,we still insist on doing what can’t be replaced by technology.
③Although it is well known that the Internet makes learning easier,parents should also pick out what is suitable for their children.
1....the story may be fiction instead of fact.(教材第32页)
……这个故事可能是虚构的,而并非事实。
◆instead of...而不是……;代替
What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door,like an opportunity(机会) of some sort,and instead of opening the door and taking the opportunity,they just stare at it and wonder ...(2020年全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
如果在以后的生活中,他们来到一个隐喻的门前,比如一个机会,他们只是盯着它想,而不是打开门抓住机会……
We’ll go by bus instead of on foot.
我们坐车去,而不是步行去。
He went there instead of his father.=His father didn’t go there.He went there instead.
他代替父亲去了那儿。
Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
看见窗外树枝的住院病人可能要比看到楼房和天空的病人恢复得更快。
We should encourage them instead of throwing cold water on them.
我们应该鼓励他们而不是对他们泼冷水。
We use gas in place of coal in cooking.
我们用煤气代替煤做饭。
Computers have taken the place of typewriters in most offices.
在大多数办公室,电脑已经取代了打字机。
2....he would certainly have died from the electric shock.(教材第33页)
……他必定会被电死。
◆die from 死于……
The fish die from polluted water.
这群鱼死于被污染的水。
In cold winters,many wild animals can die of hungry.
在寒冷的冬天,许多野生动物会死于饥饿。
完成句子
①I’m dying (想要) a cup of coffee.
②I’m (想知道) what happened.
③Although the wind has (减弱),the rain remains steady,so you still need a raincoat.
④The noise of the plane (消失) in the distance.
⑤Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to (灭绝).
答案:①for ②dying to know ③died down ④died away ⑤die out
3....while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is no proof that it hit him on the head.(教材第33页)
……虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果,但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin,they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.(2019年全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)
虽然太阳光线会老化和伤害我们的皮肤,但它们也会供给我们有益的维生素D。
You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.(2019年全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)
当你树立目标时,必须把这几点记在脑海里。
My wife was silent while I was reading.
我读书的时候,我妻子默默不语。(当……的时候)
You like sports,while I’d rather read.
你喜欢体育,而我宁愿读书。(表对比)
While online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.
尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活,但并非它所有的影响都是正面的。(虽然,尽管)
Would you like to come in and rest for a while
你要不要进来休息一会儿 (一会儿)
Writing an experiment report
1.文体类型:实验报告,属于应用文范畴,常用于把实验目的、方法、过程、结果等记录下来,经过整理写成书面汇总材料。
2.要点内容:先介绍实验目的和实验所需器材,再介绍实验过程及结论。
实验报告首段常用句式:
The purpose of our experiment is to...
We do this experiment in order to find out...
By doing this experiment,we intend to...
We aim to...in this experiment.
实验报告中段常用句式:
Before we...,we...
First,we...Then,we...Finally,we...
First of all,we...Next,we...
实验报告尾段常用句式:
According to the experiment,we can draw a conclusion that...
The result of the experiment shows that...
This experiment suggests that...
请根据下面的要求写一份有关水沸腾的实验报告,词数为80个左右。
1.实验目的:观察水沸腾时的温度与当时所发生的变化。
2.实验器材:一个试管(a test tube)、水、一个温度计(thermometer)、一个本生灯(Bunsen burner)。
3.实验过程:(1)将试管注水一半;(2)把温度计放到试管里;(3)把试管里的水加热,观察温度计的读数。
4.实验结果:当温度达到100摄氏度(degree centigrade)时,气泡开始出现。
5.实验结论:(1)当温度达到100摄氏度时,水会沸腾;(2)在沸腾的过程中会出现许多气泡。
Water boiling experiment
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. adv.完全地,彻底地
2. adj.科学(上)的
3. n.(科学)实验
4. v.传导(热、电);实施
5. 实地研究,实地调研
6. 准备
答案:1.entirely 2.scientific 3.experiment
4.conduct 5.field research 6.prepare for
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.我们可以做个科学实验来弄清楚。
We can to find out.
2.我们需要准备下列材料。
We need to the following materials.
3.把试管里的水加热。
the in the test tube.
4.然后,观察温度计的读数。
Then, the reading the thermometer.
5.水已经被加热到100摄氏度了。
The water to 100 degrees centigrade.
6.水完全沸腾了,大量的气泡出现了。
The water and bubbles appear.
7.如果你对这个结论感兴趣,你可以跟你的老师在实验室做一个实地研究。
If you this conclusion,you can do a with your teacher in the laboratory.
答案:1.conduct a scientific experiment
2.prepare for 3.Heat;water 4.watch;of
5.has been heated 6.entirely boils;a lot of
7.are interested in;field research
将句5、句6改成含有状语从句的句子。
答案:When the water has been heated to 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely boils and a lot of bubbles appear.
Water boiling experiment
Wondering the temperature when water is boiling and what will happen,here we can conduct a scientific experiment to find out.
Before we start,we need to prepare for the following materials:a test tube,some water,a thermometer and a Bunsen burner.First,fill the test tube half full of water and then put the thermometer in the test tube with water.Next,heat the water in the test tube and then,watch the reading of the thermometer.We can observe that,when the water has been heated to 100 degrees centigrade,the water entirely boils and a lot of bubbles appear.
According to the experiment,we can draw a conclusion that water will boil when the temperature reaches 100 degrees centigrade,during which a lot of bubbles appear.If you are interested in this conclusion,you can do a field reasearch with your teacher in the laboratory.
请根据下列要求写一份关于金属镁燃烧的实验报告。词数为80个左右。
1.实验目的:观察镁在空气中燃烧产生的现象;
2.实验器材:一块镁(magnesium)条、一个酒精灯、一个金属夹子。
3.实验过程:(1)点燃酒精灯;(2)用夹子夹住镁条;(3)把镁条放到酒精灯的火焰上观察。
4.验结果:镁条加热后燃烧,生成白色物质。
5.实验结论:镁能与空气中的氧发生反应,生成氧化镁(magnesium oxide)。
One possible version:
The purpose of our experiment today is to find out what will happen if magnesium burns in the air.
Before we start,we can prepare for the following materials: a piece of magnesium,an alcohol burner and a pair of tongs.First,light the alcohol burner and then use the tongs to hold the piece of magnesium.When the piece of magnesium has been put on the flame of the alcohol burner,the piece of magnesium begins to burn and then produces a kind of white substance.
According to the experiment,we can draw a conclusion that magnesium reacts with the air and produces a kind of substance called magnesium oxide.
课时作业(六) Unit 3 Part 2
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.If it (rain) tomorrow,we will put off the picnic.
2.In the past decades,we have witnessed China’s many (science) achievements.
3.As winter (approach),some birds fly to the south to escape the coldness.
4.The mother,along with her two children, (rescue) from the sinking boat last week.
5.In the experiment,the string is designed (conduct) electricity when it is wet.
6.The couple were walking in the woods when suddenly a branch hit the wife the head.
7.Before I begin,let’s make clear that it’s only a casual talk.
8.It was reported that neither the athletes nor their coach (be) satisfied with the result of the match.
9.It went through several (draft) before being published.
10.Schools are supposed to attach more importance students’ physical training.
答案:1.rains 2.scientific 3.approaches
4.was rescued 5.to conduct 6.on
7.it 8.was 9.drafts 10.to
Ⅱ.单句情境写作
1. (附在……上的) the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation.
2.I don’t know who (想出) this idea,but it is really wonderful.
3.The plot lines(主要情节) of these cartoons are simple and they often (发生) at home or school.
4.It was a difficult time. (除了……外) everything else,we had financial problems.
5.Due to the cold weather,the little girl herself (紧挨着) her mother closely.
答案:1.Attached to 2.came up with 3.take place 4.Apart from 5.tied;to
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Researchers from the MIT Media Lab,Boston Children’s Hospital,and Northeastern University used a robotic teddy bear,“Huggable”,across the Boston Children’s Hospital.More than 50 hospitalised children were divided into three groups that involved Huggable,a tablet-based virtual Huggable,or a traditional toy teddy bear.In general,the robotic Huggable was proved to help bring more positive outcomes over the other two choices.
When first designed,Huggable was operated remotely by a specialist outside a child’s room for the moment.Through software,the specialist could control the robot’s facial expressions and body actions.The specialists could also talk through a speaker—with their voice automatically changed to a sound more childlike—and monitor the participants via camera.
During the treatments involving Huggable for kids aged 3 to 10 years,a specialist would sing nursery rhymes to younger children through the robotic bear and move the arms during the song.Older kids would play the I Spy game,where they had to guess an object in the room described by the specialist through Huggable.Through self-reports and questionnaires,the researchers recorded how much the patients and their families liked Huggable.A greater percentage of children and their parents reported that the children enjoyed playing with Huggable more than with the virtual figure or the traditional teddy bear.
The study proved the possibility of including Huggable in the treatments for children.Results also showed that children playing with Huggable experienced more positive emotions overall.They also got out of bed and moved around more,and were emotionally connected with the robot,asking it personal questions and inviting it to come back later to meet their families.“Such improved emotional and physical outcomes are all positive factors that could contribute to hospitalised children’s better and faster recovery,”the researchers wrote in their study.
The study also provided a basis for developing a fully autonomous Huggable robot,which is the researchers’ final goal.In the future,that automated robot could be used to improve children’s further treatment and care,and monitor their well-being.
1.What can we learn about Huggable
A.It was first designed for disabled kids.
B.It can make facial expressions.
C.It talks like a caring parent.
D.It works automatically.
2.What’s the children’s attitude towards“Huggable”
A.Favorable.
B.Conventional.
C.Disappointing.
D.Unhelpful.
3.How did Huggable help the hospitalised children with their treatment
A.It improved their mental experience.
B.It protected them from possible virus.
C.It gave tips on taking good care of young patients.
D.It provided up-to-date information about their diseases.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The fast development of robots in medical area.
B.A new technology in medicine to treat children.
C.Robots’ advantages over other methods of treatment.
D.A robotic teddy bear used in caring for hospitalised children.
语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。研究人员在波士顿儿童医院使用机器人泰迪熊Huggable来辅助治疗儿童患者。研究证明自动化机器人可以用来协助儿童的进一步治疗和护理。阅读本文,有利于培养学生热爱科学的兴趣,并拓宽学生的知识面。
答案及剖析:
1.B 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据第二段第二句可知, Huggable是有表情的。故选B。
2.A 推理判断题。考查学生根据文本信息进行推断归纳的能力。根据第三段中的最后一句可知,孩子们更愿意和Huggable一起玩,对它持肯定态度。故选A。
3.A 细节理解题。考查学生识别和理解文本中具体信息的能力。根据倒数第二段的内容可知,Huggable通过改善孩子们的精神体验来帮助他们的治疗。故选A。
4.D 主旨大意题。考查学生理解文本主旨要义的能力。根据第一段中的第一句以及下文对这项研究的介绍可知,文章主要介绍了一种用于照顾住院儿童的机器人泰迪熊。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
According to a study led by Nottingham Trent University in Britain,the 1 person looks at their phones 86 times a day, 2 over the Internet or using apps. 3 their status on social media platforms also makes people 4 their electronic companion 5 .
Do you actually look at your surroundings more than at your 6 Is it rude to check your phone when someone is talking to you
Sherry Turkle interviewed hundreds of college students about this.They talked about 7 they called “the rule of three”.The rule has to do with being considerate to others 8 the attraction of the little flat box.Turkle explained,“If you go to dinner with friends,you don’t look down at your phone 9 you see that three people are looking up in the conversation.You follow the rule in order to keep a little conversation 10 .”
Actually,if you are clever enough you might use your phone as a(n) 11 to connect with people next to you.How about 12 them pictures stored in its memory Sharing a bit of your life with them can bring you 13 together.But the best thing to deal with mobile phone addiction is to 14 and leave the machine behind occasionally.Life might be what happens when you are too 15 staring at a small screen.
1.A.equal B.common
C.average D.strong
2.A.going B.turning
C.thinking D.glancing
3.A.Submitting B.Approving
C.Downloading D.Updating
4.A.hold on B.reach for
C.look into D.see through
5.A.frequently B.regularly
C.generally D.rarely
6.A.friend B.family
C.phone D.book
7.A.that B.which
C.who D.what
8.A.in spite of B.in place of
C.in charge of D.in addition to
9.A.before B.after
C.until D.once
10.A.alive B.boring
C.demanding D.exhausting
11.A.action B.measure
C.tool D.treatment
12.A.making B.giving
C.taking D.showing
13.A.closer B.further
C.higher D.longer
14.A.damage B.quit
C.pause D.freeze
15.A.free B.kind
C.sad D.busy
语篇导读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过两项研究表明现代人对手机的过分依赖严重影响了现实生活中的人际沟通,并对此提出了解决办法。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的批判性思维方式,引导学生正确对待和使用电子设备。
[文章脉络]
答案及剖析:
1.C 根据语境可知,此处应指研究表明,普通(average) 人每天频繁查看手机。故选C。
2.D 根据语境可知,此处指普通人每天查看手机86次以浏览互联网或使用应用软件。glance over意为“浏览,翻阅”。故选D。
3.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示人们更新(Updating) 他们在社交平台的动态。故选D。
4.B 根据语境可知,此处指伸手拿手机。reach for sth.意为“伸手够某物”。故选B。
5.A 根据语境可知,此处指人们频繁地(frequently) 拿起他们的电子伴侣。故选A。
6.C 根据语境可知,此处指你看你周围环境的次数比看你手机(phone)的次数更多吗 故选C。
7.D 分析句子结构可知,此处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少宾语,应用what引导。故选D。
8.A 根据语境可知,此处指这个规则要求人们要为他人着想而不顾手机的诱惑。in spite of意为“尽管,不管”。故选A。
9.D 根据上下文语境可知,此处应表示一旦(once) 看到有三个人都在抬头讲话,你就不要去看手机。故选D。
10.A 根据语境可知,此处指你遵循原则是为了让谈话变得活跃(alive)。故选A。
11.C 根据语境可知,此处指如果你足够聪明,你可能会把手机当作一种与身边的人沟通的工具(tool)。故选C。
12.D 根据下文中的“Sharing a bit of your life with them”可推知,此处应表示向他们展示(showing) 储存在手机里的照片。故选D。
13.A 根据语境可知,此处指和他们分享你的生活可以让你们更亲近(closer)。故选A。
14.B 根据语境可推知,此处指你应该戒除(quit) 手机上瘾。故选B。
15.D 根据语境可知,此处指生活(中的事)可能就发生在你太过忙于(busy) 盯着那块小屏幕时。故选D。
