Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课后训练一起提高
一、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1.Please bring me a (盆) of water.
答案basin
2.I will never forget the changes the (改革) has brought.
答案reform
3.Everyone wishes to live in a (和谐的) society.
答案harmonious
4.Please (提交) your paper before the deadline.
答案submit
5.My brother is always (敏感的) to the cold.
答案sensitive
6.Could you tell me what you have (经历) in the past three years
答案undergone
7.It’s an (每年的) issue.
答案annual
8.I was lost in the (密林) during the search.
答案jungle
二、直接引语和间接引语互变
1.“I will go to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow,”my father said to me.
→My father told me that he would go to Beijing for a meeting .
答案the next/following day
2.“China is the biggest developing country in the world,” said Mr Smith.
→Mr Smith said that China the biggest developing country in the world.
答案is
3.“Did you see the film last night ” asked Bob.
→Bob asked me I the film the night before.
答案whether/if;had seen
4.“How did you get this information ”Miss Liu asked him.
→Miss Liu asked him he had got information.
答案how;that
5.Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.
→“How much we spent on petrol year ” Susan asked her husband.
答案have;this
6.Mother asked me if I had finished my homework.
→Mother asked me,“ you finished homework ”
答案Have;your
7.He says he had bought me a book the day before.
→He says,“ you a book yesterday.”
答案I bought
8.She said that he had left for Shanghai the week before.
→She ,“He for Shanghai .”
答案said;left;last week
三、从括号内选择合适的内容填空
Last Monday I visited Dr.James’ clinic.He asked me 1. (arrive/to arrive) at 8:30 2. (tonight/that night).He 3. (said/told) me to bring 4. (my/your) nightshirt and toothbrush.I arrived on time.His assistant,Charles,invited me 5. (watch/to watch) TV in the waiting room.He told me to relax 6. (here/there) while they got my room ready.An hour later,Charles came back and got me ready for bed.He linked(连接) me to a machine.“Could you please 7. (explain/to explain) ” I asked.He explained that the machine recorded brain activity.Charles ordered me 8. (don’t/not to) leave the bed until the next morning.To my surprise,I fell asleep right away.In the morning,Dr.James told me that except for some leg movements during the night,I had healthy sleep patterns.He advised me 9. (get/to get) some more exercise.At last,he suggested 10. (my going/me to go) on a diet.
答案1.to arrive 2.that night 3.told 4.my 5.to watch 6.there 7.explain 8.not to 9.to get 10.my going
四、阅读理解
From the loss of wildlife to the rising sea levels,we humans are well aware of the problems that climate change could cause.
While it seems that such issues won’t affect most of us directly,it appears that future generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted:chocolate.
According to a report published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,the climate changes in the regions that produce cacao—the plant from which chocolate is produced—may mean that cacao will soon become extinct.
Most of the world’s cacao grows in countries which are close to the equator,with over half of it growing in African nations like Ghana and Ivory Coast.
It’s predicted that by the year of 2050,climate change will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise,making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.
However,the problem doesn’t exist in increased heat,but in lower humidity(湿度),as it’s believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.
“In other words,with higher temperatures squeezing more and more water out of soil and plants,it’s unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture(水分) loss,” noted Mitchell Ron,the report’s author.
To help solve this problem,researchers from Berkeley University in the US are working on changing the DNA of cacao plants to allow them to survive in drier conditions by using gene editing technology,according to US News.
Meanwhile,the US company Mars,one of the world’s biggest manufacturers of chocolate products,announced in January that it would spend $1 billion to help reduce the effects of climate change.
“This is a worldwide issue,and it requires everyone to work together,”Mars’ spokesperson Barry Parkin told Business Insider.
The message here is that if we all do our part,we may be able to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change.Or if we’re unlucky,chocolate will become a thing of the past.
1.What could make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future
A.The increased heat there.
B.The higher humidity there.
C.The decrease in rainfall there.
D.The moisture loss in the soil there.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Most of the world’s cacao grows in countries which are close to the equator,...”及第七段中的“In other words,with higher temperatures squeezing more and more water out of soil and plants,it’s unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture loss”可知,世界上大部分可可树生长在靠近赤道的国家。随着温度的不断升高,土壤和植物中的水分会越来越少,而降雨量的增加不足以弥补水分的损失。由此可以推知,将来赤道附近可可树生长艰难的原因是土壤中含水量的流失。故选D项。
2.What does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean
A.Hold back. B.Make up for.
C.Protect. D.Accept.
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据第七段中的“In other words,with higher temperatures squeezing more and more water out of soil and plants,it’s unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture loss”可知,随着温度的不断上升,土壤和植物中的水分会越来越少,而降雨量的增加不足以弥补水分的流失。所以画线词的意思是“弥补”。故选B项。
3.What will the US company Mars do to help cacao survive
A.It will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.
B.It will apply gene editing technology in planting cacao.
C.It will give financial support to help fight climate change.
D.It will develop cacao that can survive in drier conditions.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段内容可知,为减少气候变化的影响,美国的玛氏公司计划给予资金支持。故选C项。
4.What may be the best title of this text
A.Chocolate Could Become History
B.Work Together to Fight Climate Change
C.How We Grow Cacao in the Future
D.How Cacao Plants Affect Climate Change
答案A
解析标题归纳题。本文主要讲述随着全球气候变暖,用来生产巧克力的可可树面临着越来越艰难的生存环境,甚至有灭绝的危险。再结合最后一段中的“Or if we’re unlucky,chocolate will become a thing of the past.(如果我们不幸运,巧克力将会成为历史。)”可知,A项概括了本文的主题。
五、完形填空
On a weekday evening,Jane was at home as usual.As her 1 swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening,she was unexpectedly 2 by an urgent call from her sister,“Get over here!Turn on NBC and check these guys out.They are just like you...”One facebook message and a phone interview later,Jane 3 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering(闷热的) desert heat of Utah,picking up trash and 4 awareness(意识) about zero-waste and climate change.
With a deep love of the environment and a desire to make a 5 ,Jane,Davey,and a group of self 6 “environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pick-up.As they walked,sometimes only 7 0.9 mile in an entire day,they slowly and steadily made their way across the United States for three years,picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash.
Jane and Davey 8 with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their 9 to continue their journey.After spending weeks silently 10 how she would have enough 11 to fly home for their two-week spring break,Jane found a blank unidentified envelope filled with $810 cash in the desert.Just enough to get her home and back.After their bus 12 outside of Denver,they unexpectedly got 13 and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later,just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where volunteers from all over the state came together with a 14 of cleaning up trash all over the park.
Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal,and they realised that much of what they 15 was more than just a coincidence.Together,their team learned to simply devote themselves to their task,and surrender to the journey.
1.A.hands B.thoughts
C.balance D.position
答案B
解析由当她的“想法”在生活打算和晚餐计划间摇摆不定时可知选B项。thought“想法”。
2.A.blamed B.frightened
C.moved D.interrupted
答案D
解析她意外地被妹妹紧急的电话声“打断”了,可知选D项。blame“责备”;frighten“惊吓”;move“移动”;interrupt“打断”。
3.A.found B.cheered
C.dropped D.taught
答案A
解析简“发现”自己和8位陌生人坐在一辆公交车上,可知选A项。find“发现”。
4.A.abandoning B.raising
C.shaking D.hiding
答案B
解析他们捡拾垃圾并且“提升”人们对于零污染和气候变化的环保意识,可知选B项。raise“提高,提升”。
5.A.plan B.promise
C.mistake D.difference
答案D
解析make a difference固定短语,表示“有影响,起重要作用”。
6.A.described B.corrected
C.repeated D.discovered
答案A
解析他们把自己描述为“环保的捡拾艺术家”,可知选A项。describe“描述”;correct“改正”;repeat“重复”;discover“发现”。
7.A.driving B.covering
C.riding D.fixing
答案B
解析他们有时候一天“走完”的路程只有0.9英里,可知选B项。drive“驾驶”;cover“走完(一段路)”;ride“骑行”;fix“修理,固定”。
8.A.heard B.read
C.wrote D.shared
答案D
解析share with表示“和……分享”,可知选D项。hear“听说”;read“阅读”;write“写下”;share“分享”。
9.A.problems B.costs
C.efforts D.choices
答案C
解析他们和我们分享他们精彩的故事是推动他们“努力”的希望和灵感,让他们一路前行,可知选C项。
10.A.depending on B.replying to
C.worrying about D.meeting with
答案C
解析她为如何飞回家过为期两周的春假担心了几周后。worry about“担心”。
11.A.time B.money
C.food D.room
答案B
解析根据下文的“...with $810 cash in the desert.Just enough to get her home and back.”,可知选B项。
12.A.set off B.held on
C.headed for D.broke down
答案D
解析根据下文的“three weeks later,just in time for”,可以推知他们的车子坏了。
13.A.rest B.practice
C.help D.understanding
答案C
解析意想不到的是他们得到了帮助并且于三周后到达约塞米蒂国家公园。
14.A.question B.purpose
C.decision D.lesson
答案B
解析清扫干净整个公园的垃圾,当然是志愿者们的共同目标。
15.A.introduced B.expected
C.examined D.experienced
答案D
解析在恰当的时候,恰当的地点,一切都变得正常,他们意识到他们所经历的不仅仅是巧合。experience“经历”,符合语境。
六、语篇填空
A positive attitude is very important as it will make our life easier.In life,not everything goes as 1. (smooth) as we want.There will be times 2. we will face problems and difficulties.The most 3. (challenge) part is how we react when we experience problems and difficulties.
Instead of being discouraged,those who have a positive attitude will treat each failure as a lesson.And they will be inspired 4. (achieve) the goal.However,those who do not have the positive attitude will see problems and difficulties in 5. different way.With different 6. (attitude),the result will be quite different.Since every one of us possesses the same amount of time,why don’t we just make the best 7. the same amount of time with a positive attitude Life 8. (it) is already hard.It will be much 9. (good) if we have a positive attitude which will make our life happier and easier.
If you learn to see the bright side of life when you 10. (surround) by difficulties,you’ll be building your positive attitude fast.
答案1.smoothly 2.when 3.challenging 4.to achieve
5.a 6.attitudes 7.of 8.itself 9.better 10.are surrounded
1Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
课后训练一起提高
一、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词
1.Please bring me a (盆) of water.
2.I will never forget the changes the (改革) has brought.
3.Everyone wishes to live in a (和谐的) society.
4.Please (提交) your paper before the deadline.
5.My brother is always (敏感的) to the cold.
6.Could you tell me what you have (经历) in the past three years
7.It’s an (每年的) issue.
8.I was lost in the (密林) during the search.
二、直接引语和间接引语互变
1.“I will go to Beijing for a meeting tomorrow,”my father said to me.
→My father told me that he would go to Beijing for a meeting .
2.“China is the biggest developing country in the world,” said Mr Smith.
→Mr Smith said that China the biggest developing country in the world.
3.“Did you see the film last night ” asked Bob.
→Bob asked me I the film the night before.
4.“How did you get this information ”Miss Liu asked him.
→Miss Liu asked him he had got information.
5.Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.
→“How much we spent on petrol year ” Susan asked her husband.
6.Mother asked me if I had finished my homework.
→Mother asked me,“ you finished homework ”
7.He says he had bought me a book the day before.
→He says,“ you a book yesterday.”
8.She said that he had left for Shanghai the week before.
→She ,“He for Shanghai .”
三、从括号内选择合适的内容填空
Last Monday I visited Dr.James’ clinic.He asked me 1. (arrive/to arrive) at 8:30 2. (tonight/that night).He 3. (said/told) me to bring 4. (my/your) nightshirt and toothbrush.I arrived on time.His assistant,Charles,invited me 5. (watch/to watch) TV in the waiting room.He told me to relax 6. (here/there) while they got my room ready.An hour later,Charles came back and got me ready for bed.He linked(连接) me to a machine.“Could you please 7. (explain/to explain) ” I asked.He explained that the machine recorded brain activity.Charles ordered me 8. (don’t/not to) leave the bed until the next morning.To my surprise,I fell asleep right away.In the morning,Dr.James told me that except for some leg movements during the night,I had healthy sleep patterns.He advised me 9. (get/to get) some more exercise.At last,he suggested 10. (my going/me to go) on a diet.
四、阅读理解
From the loss of wildlife to the rising sea levels,we humans are well aware of the problems that climate change could cause.
While it seems that such issues won’t affect most of us directly,it appears that future generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted:chocolate.
According to a report published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,the climate changes in the regions that produce cacao—the plant from which chocolate is produced—may mean that cacao will soon become extinct.
Most of the world’s cacao grows in countries which are close to the equator,with over half of it growing in African nations like Ghana and Ivory Coast.
It’s predicted that by the year of 2050,climate change will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise,making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.
However,the problem doesn’t exist in increased heat,but in lower humidity(湿度),as it’s believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.
“In other words,with higher temperatures squeezing more and more water out of soil and plants,it’s unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture(水分) loss,” noted Mitchell Ron,the report’s author.
To help solve this problem,researchers from Berkeley University in the US are working on changing the DNA of cacao plants to allow them to survive in drier conditions by using gene editing technology,according to US News.
Meanwhile,the US company Mars,one of the world’s biggest manufacturers of chocolate products,announced in January that it would spend $1 billion to help reduce the effects of climate change.
“This is a worldwide issue,and it requires everyone to work together,”Mars’ spokesperson Barry Parkin told Business Insider.
The message here is that if we all do our part,we may be able to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change.Or if we’re unlucky,chocolate will become a thing of the past.
1.What could make it hard for cacao to survive around the equator in the future
A.The increased heat there.
B.The higher humidity there.
C.The decrease in rainfall there.
D.The moisture loss in the soil there.
2.What does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean
A.Hold back. B.Make up for.
C.Protect. D.Accept.
3.What will the US company Mars do to help cacao survive
A.It will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.
B.It will apply gene editing technology in planting cacao.
C.It will give financial support to help fight climate change.
D.It will develop cacao that can survive in drier conditions.
4.What may be the best title of this text
A.Chocolate Could Become History
B.Work Together to Fight Climate Change
C.How We Grow Cacao in the Future
D.How Cacao Plants Affect Climate Change
五、完形填空
On a weekday evening,Jane was at home as usual.As her 1 swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening,she was unexpectedly 2 by an urgent call from her sister,“Get over here!Turn on NBC and check these guys out.They are just like you...”One facebook message and a phone interview later,Jane 3 herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering(闷热的) desert heat of Utah,picking up trash and 4 awareness(意识) about zero-waste and climate change.
With a deep love of the environment and a desire to make a 5 ,Jane,Davey,and a group of self 6 “environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pick-up.As they walked,sometimes only 7 0.9 mile in an entire day,they slowly and steadily made their way across the United States for three years,picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash.
Jane and Davey 8 with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their 9 to continue their journey.After spending weeks silently 10 how she would have enough 11 to fly home for their two-week spring break,Jane found a blank unidentified envelope filled with $810 cash in the desert.Just enough to get her home and back.After their bus 12 outside of Denver,they unexpectedly got 13 and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later,just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where volunteers from all over the state came together with a 14 of cleaning up trash all over the park.
Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal,and they realised that much of what they 15 was more than just a coincidence.Together,their team learned to simply devote themselves to their task,and surrender to the journey.
1.A.hands B.thoughts
C.balance D.position
2.A.blamed B.frightened
C.moved D.interrupted
3.A.found B.cheered
C.dropped D.taught
4.A.abandoning B.raising
C.shaking D.hiding
5.A.plan B.promise
C.mistake D.difference
6.A.described B.corrected
C.repeated D.discovered
7.A.driving B.covering
C.riding D.fixing
8.A.heard B.read
C.wrote D.shared
9.A.problems B.costs
C.efforts D.choices
10.A.depending on B.replying to
C.worrying about D.meeting with
11.A.time B.money
C.food D.room
12.A.set off B.held on
C.headed for D.broke down
13.A.rest B.practice
C.help D.understanding
14.A.question B.purpose
C.decision D.lesson
15.A.introduced B.expected
C.examined D.experienced
六、语篇填空
A positive attitude is very important as it will make our life easier.In life,not everything goes as 1. (smooth) as we want.There will be times 2. we will face problems and difficulties.The most 3. (challenge) part is how we react when we experience problems and difficulties.
Instead of being discouraged,those who have a positive attitude will treat each failure as a lesson.And they will be inspired 4. (achieve) the goal.However,those who do not have the positive attitude will see problems and difficulties in 5. different way.With different 6. (attitude),the result will be quite different.Since every one of us possesses the same amount of time,why don’t we just make the best 7. the same amount of time with a positive attitude Life 8. (it) is already hard.It will be much 9. (good) if we have a positive attitude which will make our life happier and easier.
If you learn to see the bright side of life when you 10. (surround) by difficulties,you’ll be building your positive attitude fast.
4
