人教版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land 单词精讲课件 (31张ppt)
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(共31张PPT)
unit 4 单词精讲
1. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的
be typical of 是……的特点
typically adv. 典型地；通常
eg. It’s a typical Italian café.
It was typical of her to forget.
Typically, a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.
这是典型的意大利咖啡馆。
健忘是她的特点。
通常，一名医生一天会看大约30位患者。
2. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；友好的
unpleasant adj.令人不快的
pleasing adj. 令人高兴的，满意的
pleasure n. 高兴；荣幸
pleased adj. 快乐的，高兴的; 满意的
be pleased with=be content with=be satisfied with 对...满意
be pleased to do sth. 高兴/乐于做某事
have the pleasure of doing sth 有荣幸做某事
eg. The restaurant was large and pleasant.
这家饭店大且令人愉快。
3.arise （arose，arisen） vi. 起身；出现；由……引起
arise from/out of= result from 由……引起，产生
13. Accidents often arise from / out of carelessness.
2. What problems may arise when humans are cloned
3. A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
事故通常是由粗心引起的。
当人类被克隆时会出现什么问题
大量高楼大厦出现在了几年前只有废墟的地方。
arouse one’s interest / sympathy 唤起某人的兴趣、同情心
rise, raise, arise, arouse
单词 词性/词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 起身；出现；由……引起 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 渐渐上升; 起立，起身 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起，使升高；提升，提拔；提出 raised raised raising
arouse vt. 唤起 aroused aroused arousing
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Can we begin discussing matters ___________ (由……引起) the last meeting
2) That morning I _________ (起床) early and went out to the road waiting for Mr Brown to pick me up.
arose
arising from
4. massive adj. 巨大的；非常严重的
mass n. 团；块；众多；群众adj. 大规模的；民众的
a massive amount of 大量的
a mass of/ masses of 大量的
mess n.混乱；杂乱 v.使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱
Masses of books covered every surface in the room.
大量的书占满了房间。
5. literally adv.字面上；真正的
literal adj.字面意义的
literature n.文学作品
liter n.垃圾
literally speaking 照字面意思来说，不夸张地说
6. breath n. 呼吸的空气
breathe vt.&vi. 呼吸
breathless adj 气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的
breathlessly adv 上气不接下气地；气喘吁吁地
breathtaking adj 激动人心的；惊人的；令人惊叹的
take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹 hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气
take a deep breath 深呼吸 lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁 breathe a sigh of relief 松一口气
eg：I was breathless after climbing the stairs.
breathe vi & vt 呼吸：
When we breathe, the air goes into our lungs.
People are concerned about the air quality they breathe.
常用搭配
breathe in 吸气；吸入：
Breathe in and hold your breath for as long as possible.
breathe out 呼气；呼出：
Take a deep breath and then breathe out when I tell you to.
Humans take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
breathing n [U] 呼吸
breath
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Jack ____________________（深吸一口气）and then dived into the water.
3. ____________________（屏住呼吸）and count to ten.
4. Eric came running into the room, __________________（上气不接下气）.
5. The view from the top will ____________________（令你惊叹）.
took a deep breath
Hold your breath
out of breath
take your breath away
7. bound adj. 准备前往(某地)；一定会
v. 跳动；弹回 n. 跳
be bound for 准备前往/开往……
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
eg. The ship is bound for South America.
Thomas is bound to refuse our help.
The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
The little girl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.
The ball bounded from the wall.
With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes are bound to happen.
___________
2. We tried to get seats on a Rome-bound flight. ___________
3. He bounded up the steps and pushed the bell of the door. ___________
4. Her health has improved in leaps and bounds. ___________
在所难免
开往罗马的
跳上
bound
迅速
scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面 battle scenes
the opening scene
scenery 不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景 They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.
sight 视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观 The Great Wall is one of the
sights of the world.
view 指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色 The view from the top of the
mountain is breathtaking.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) get/have a good ______ of the city
2) in /out of _____ 视力范围内/看不见的范围
3) see the ______ 参观名胜
4) on the ______ 在现场
5) There is a happy ______ with children playing in the park.
6) Switzerland is famous for its beautiful ______.
view
sight
sights
scene
scenery
scene
awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的
“非常好”：
outstanding , excellent , great, wonderful, terrific, fantastic
出色的，绝佳的，极好的
amazing, incredible 惊人的，了不起的
8.peak n. [C] 尖形；尖头 山峰；山顶 ［常用单数］高峰；顶峰 (height)：adj. 最高的；高峰的； vi .达到最高点；达到高峰
peak peak hours 高峰时间 a peak season 旺季
at the peak of sb’s career 处在某人事业巅峰
eg:
By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak.
Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the mornings.
Wind speeds peaked at 105 miles per hour yesterday.
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The mountain peak was covered with snow. ___________
2. The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century. ___________
3. The athletes are all in peak condition. ___________
4. We need extra help during the peak season. ___________
5. Oil production peaked in the early 1980s. ___________
山峰
处于全盛时期
处于巅峰状态
peak
旺季
达到了最高峰
9.highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分
vt.突出；强调；使醒目
突出；强调: highlight = stress = emphasize
emphasis n.突出强调
highlight the importance of 强调...的重要性
10. freeze vi.&vt. 结冰；(使)冻住；突然停止
(freeze, froze, frozen)
freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的 n. 冰点
freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
above/below freezing 冰点以上/以下
冷：cold凉爽；cold寒冷；freezing cold极冷
暖：warm温暖；hot炎热；boiling hot酷热
eg.The cold weather had frozen the ground.
How much longer do we have to wait for her I’m freezing.
Temperatures remained below freezing during the afternoon.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It’s _______ here. Can’t we shut a few windows
3) Water _______ when the temperature falls to zero.
freezing
freezes
11. anticipate vt. 预料；预见；期望
anticipation n. 预料，预期；期盼
anticipate doing sth. 预期做某事
It is anticipated that 据预料……
in anticipation of sth. 期盼某事
as anticipated 正如预期，不出所料
drill vi./vt.钻孔；打眼 n.钻头；训练；演习
drill for oil 钻探石油 a fire drill 消防演习
12.thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆的响；轰隆隆地快速移动
n.雷声
thunderous adj.雷鸣般的 ~ applause 雷鸣般的掌声
13.frost n.霜；严寒天气
vt.使蒙上霜
vi.结霜
frosty adj.结霜的
形容词后缀 -y
形容词后缀-y 可加在名词后构成形容词，意为“充满……的 (full of)”或“有……特质的（characterised by）”。
dirt（污垢）+ -y → dirty adj
mist（薄雾）+ -y → misty adj
frost（霜）+ -y → frosty adj
trick（诡计；花招）+ -y → tricky adj
sport（运动）+ -y → sporty adj
smell（气味）+ -y → smelly adj
steel（钢）+ -y → steely adj
skin（皮肤）+ -y → skinny adj
boss（老板）+ -y → bossy adj
stick（棍 / 条状物）+ -y → sticky adj
脏的
多雾的
结霜的 / 严寒的
棘手的 / 难对付的
爱好（或擅长）体育运动的 /（衣服）
适合运动时穿着的
有臭味的 / 发臭的
钢铁般的 / 坚定的
极瘦的 / 皮包骨的
（像老板一样）爱指挥人的
黏的
1. enrol vi.& vt.(使)加入;注册;登记
1. You may want to enrol your child in a nearby school.
2. You can come and enrol your children in the school.
3. I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.
4. contrary adj.相反的;相对立的n.相反的事实(事情)
contrary to 与……相反
on the contrary 相反
1. Contrary to expectation,he didn’t win in the contest.
2. You think you are clever;on the contrary,I assure that you are very foolish.
3. Unexpectedly,two contrary views came up at the meeting.
4. The contrary of “wet” is “dry”.
5.proceed vi.行进;继续做
【词汇拓展】
proceed with sth继续做某事
proceed to do sth继续做某事
proceed towards/to朝……行进
1. We’re not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.
2. Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.
3. The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.
4. He outlined（v.概述） his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more details.
7. astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊
astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
astonished adj.感到惊讶的
astonishment n.惊讶
It astonishes sb that...令某人惊讶的是……
be astonished at/by sth因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth对做某事感到惊讶
to one’s astonishment使某人惊奇的是
He was astonished to learn he’d won the competition.
I was filled with astonishment at her strange action.
【语境应用】用astonish的适当形式填空。
1) She __________ us by saying she was leaving.
2) My parents looked __________ at my words.
3) I find it absolutely ____________ that you don’t like it.
4) To my _____________, the door opened by itself.
astonished
astonished
astonishing
astonishment
8. advertisement n.广告;启事
advertise vt.& vi.为……做广告;做广告
advertiser n.广告商;广告人员
1. If you want to attract more customers,try advertising in the local paper.
2. A new medicine was advertised in the newspaper.
3. Large amounts of money are spent on advertisements every year.
4. They make use of advertisements to plug(v.宣传) the new product.
10. owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)
owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物
owe sth. to sb. 把……归功于某人
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
owing to因为;由于
1. I owe a debt of gratitude （人情债）to all my family.
我很感激我的家人
2. I owe it to you that I have been so successful.
3. Owing to the rain,the match was cancelled.
4. I think you owe us an explanation.
unit 4 单词精讲
1. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的
be typical of 是……的特点
typically adv. 典型地；通常
eg. It’s a typical Italian café.
It was typical of her to forget.
Typically, a doctor will see about thirty patients a day.
这是典型的意大利咖啡馆。
健忘是她的特点。
通常，一名医生一天会看大约30位患者。
2. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的；友好的
unpleasant adj.令人不快的
pleasing adj. 令人高兴的，满意的
pleasure n. 高兴；荣幸
pleased adj. 快乐的，高兴的; 满意的
be pleased with=be content with=be satisfied with 对...满意
be pleased to do sth. 高兴/乐于做某事
have the pleasure of doing sth 有荣幸做某事
eg. The restaurant was large and pleasant.
这家饭店大且令人愉快。
3.arise （arose，arisen） vi. 起身；出现；由……引起
arise from/out of= result from 由……引起，产生
13. Accidents often arise from / out of carelessness.
2. What problems may arise when humans are cloned
3. A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
事故通常是由粗心引起的。
当人类被克隆时会出现什么问题
大量高楼大厦出现在了几年前只有废墟的地方。
arouse one’s interest / sympathy 唤起某人的兴趣、同情心
rise, raise, arise, arouse
单词 词性/词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi. 起身；出现；由……引起 arose arisen arising
rise vi. 渐渐上升; 起立，起身 rose risen rising
raise vt. 举起，使升高；提升，提拔；提出 raised raised raising
arouse vt. 唤起 aroused aroused arousing
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Can we begin discussing matters ___________ (由……引起) the last meeting
2) That morning I _________ (起床) early and went out to the road waiting for Mr Brown to pick me up.
arose
arising from
4. massive adj. 巨大的；非常严重的
mass n. 团；块；众多；群众adj. 大规模的；民众的
a massive amount of 大量的
a mass of/ masses of 大量的
mess n.混乱；杂乱 v.使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱
Masses of books covered every surface in the room.
大量的书占满了房间。
5. literally adv.字面上；真正的
literal adj.字面意义的
literature n.文学作品
liter n.垃圾
literally speaking 照字面意思来说，不夸张地说
6. breath n. 呼吸的空气
breathe vt.&vi. 呼吸
breathless adj 气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的
breathlessly adv 上气不接下气地；气喘吁吁地
breathtaking adj 激动人心的；惊人的；令人惊叹的
take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹 hold one’s breath 屏息; 屏气
take a deep breath 深呼吸 lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 气喘吁吁 breathe a sigh of relief 松一口气
eg：I was breathless after climbing the stairs.
breathe vi & vt 呼吸：
When we breathe, the air goes into our lungs.
People are concerned about the air quality they breathe.
常用搭配
breathe in 吸气；吸入：
Breathe in and hold your breath for as long as possible.
breathe out 呼气；呼出：
Take a deep breath and then breathe out when I tell you to.
Humans take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
breathing n [U] 呼吸
breath
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Jack ____________________（深吸一口气）and then dived into the water.
3. ____________________（屏住呼吸）and count to ten.
4. Eric came running into the room, __________________（上气不接下气）.
5. The view from the top will ____________________（令你惊叹）.
took a deep breath
Hold your breath
out of breath
take your breath away
7. bound adj. 准备前往(某地)；一定会
v. 跳动；弹回 n. 跳
be bound for 准备前往/开往……
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
eg. The ship is bound for South America.
Thomas is bound to refuse our help.
The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
The little girl bounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.
The ball bounded from the wall.
With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes are bound to happen.
___________
2. We tried to get seats on a Rome-bound flight. ___________
3. He bounded up the steps and pushed the bell of the door. ___________
4. Her health has improved in leaps and bounds. ___________
在所难免
开往罗马的
跳上
bound
迅速
scene, scenery, sight, view
scene 事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面 battle scenes
the opening scene
scenery 不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景 They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.
sight 视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观 The Great Wall is one of the
sights of the world.
view 指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色 The view from the top of the
mountain is breathtaking.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) get/have a good ______ of the city
2) in /out of _____ 视力范围内/看不见的范围
3) see the ______ 参观名胜
4) on the ______ 在现场
5) There is a happy ______ with children playing in the park.
6) Switzerland is famous for its beautiful ______.
view
sight
sights
scene
scenery
scene
awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的
“非常好”：
outstanding , excellent , great, wonderful, terrific, fantastic
出色的，绝佳的，极好的
amazing, incredible 惊人的，了不起的
8.peak n. [C] 尖形；尖头 山峰；山顶 ［常用单数］高峰；顶峰 (height)：adj. 最高的；高峰的； vi .达到最高点；达到高峰
peak peak hours 高峰时间 a peak season 旺季
at the peak of sb’s career 处在某人事业巅峰
eg:
By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak.
Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the mornings.
Wind speeds peaked at 105 miles per hour yesterday.
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The mountain peak was covered with snow. ___________
2. The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century. ___________
3. The athletes are all in peak condition. ___________
4. We need extra help during the peak season. ___________
5. Oil production peaked in the early 1980s. ___________
山峰
处于全盛时期
处于巅峰状态
peak
旺季
达到了最高峰
9.highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分
vt.突出；强调；使醒目
突出；强调: highlight = stress = emphasize
emphasis n.突出强调
highlight the importance of 强调...的重要性
10. freeze vi.&vt. 结冰；(使)冻住；突然停止
(freeze, froze, frozen)
freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的 n. 冰点
freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
above/below freezing 冰点以上/以下
冷：cold凉爽；cold寒冷；freezing cold极冷
暖：warm温暖；hot炎热；boiling hot酷热
eg.The cold weather had frozen the ground.
How much longer do we have to wait for her I’m freezing.
Temperatures remained below freezing during the afternoon.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It’s _______ here. Can’t we shut a few windows
3) Water _______ when the temperature falls to zero.
freezing
freezes
11. anticipate vt. 预料；预见；期望
anticipation n. 预料，预期；期盼
anticipate doing sth. 预期做某事
It is anticipated that 据预料……
in anticipation of sth. 期盼某事
as anticipated 正如预期，不出所料
drill vi./vt.钻孔；打眼 n.钻头；训练；演习
drill for oil 钻探石油 a fire drill 消防演习
12.thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆的响；轰隆隆地快速移动
n.雷声
thunderous adj.雷鸣般的 ~ applause 雷鸣般的掌声
13.frost n.霜；严寒天气
vt.使蒙上霜
vi.结霜
frosty adj.结霜的
形容词后缀 -y
形容词后缀-y 可加在名词后构成形容词，意为“充满……的 (full of)”或“有……特质的（characterised by）”。
dirt（污垢）+ -y → dirty adj
mist（薄雾）+ -y → misty adj
frost（霜）+ -y → frosty adj
trick（诡计；花招）+ -y → tricky adj
sport（运动）+ -y → sporty adj
smell（气味）+ -y → smelly adj
steel（钢）+ -y → steely adj
skin（皮肤）+ -y → skinny adj
boss（老板）+ -y → bossy adj
stick（棍 / 条状物）+ -y → sticky adj
脏的
多雾的
结霜的 / 严寒的
棘手的 / 难对付的
爱好（或擅长）体育运动的 /（衣服）
适合运动时穿着的
有臭味的 / 发臭的
钢铁般的 / 坚定的
极瘦的 / 皮包骨的
（像老板一样）爱指挥人的
黏的
1. enrol vi.& vt.(使)加入;注册;登记
1. You may want to enrol your child in a nearby school.
2. You can come and enrol your children in the school.
3. I enrolled for/in/on the modern art course.
4. contrary adj.相反的;相对立的n.相反的事实(事情)
contrary to 与……相反
on the contrary 相反
1. Contrary to expectation,he didn’t win in the contest.
2. You think you are clever;on the contrary,I assure that you are very foolish.
3. Unexpectedly,two contrary views came up at the meeting.
4. The contrary of “wet” is “dry”.
5.proceed vi.行进;继续做
【词汇拓展】
proceed with sth继续做某事
proceed to do sth继续做某事
proceed towards/to朝……行进
1. We’re not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.
2. Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.
3. The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.
4. He outlined（v.概述） his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more details.
7. astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊
astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
astonished adj.感到惊讶的
astonishment n.惊讶
It astonishes sb that...令某人惊讶的是……
be astonished at/by sth因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth对做某事感到惊讶
to one’s astonishment使某人惊奇的是
He was astonished to learn he’d won the competition.
I was filled with astonishment at her strange action.
【语境应用】用astonish的适当形式填空。
1) She __________ us by saying she was leaving.
2) My parents looked __________ at my words.
3) I find it absolutely ____________ that you don’t like it.
4) To my _____________, the door opened by itself.
astonished
astonished
astonishing
astonishment
8. advertisement n.广告;启事
advertise vt.& vi.为……做广告;做广告
advertiser n.广告商;广告人员
1. If you want to attract more customers,try advertising in the local paper.
2. A new medicine was advertised in the newspaper.
3. Large amounts of money are spent on advertisements every year.
4. They make use of advertisements to plug(v.宣传) the new product.
10. owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)
owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物
owe sth. to sb. 把……归功于某人
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
owing to因为;由于
1. I owe a debt of gratitude （人情债）to all my family.
我很感激我的家人
2. I owe it to you that I have been so successful.
3. Owing to the rain,the match was cancelled.
4. I think you owe us an explanation.