2023届高三二轮复习——概要写作练习写作3则（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届高三二轮复习——概要写作练习写作3则（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-12-17 23:41:18 | ||
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2023届高三二轮复习——概要写作练习写作3则
The link between personality and success
The modern manager has to play the role of coach in charge of their team. And that requires an understanding of the different personality types they may be managing, and indeed the role their own personality may play in the way they manage.
Karl Moore, an associate professor at McGill University in Canada, has written two recent articles on the role of different personality types in business. One of the most common divides is between introverts and extroverts. Mr. Moore estimates that around 40% of the population is introverts, 40% are extroverts and 20% are “ambiverts” who can display both characteristics.
An academic study also found that the children of professionals were more likely to be extrovert. It could simply be that children who grow up in more prosperous homes are less likely to face the kind of stressful events that undermine self-confidence. People with higher self-confidence may apply for more prestigious jobs and may be more likely to believe that their efforts will be rewarded; those with a negative self-image may feel it is not worth trying too hard.
So introverts should not give up hope of climbing the greasy pole（职场滑滑梯，职场金字塔）. A study in 2017 found that introverts were slightly more likely than extroverts to surpass the expectations of boards and investors when appointed as chief executive.
Mr. Moore thinks that successful executives have to become ambiverts at times in order to succeed. Introverts must try to show enthusiasm, or make a stirring speech, when the situation calls for it. And extroverts need to shut up and listen to their teams---not least because when the boss speaks first, subordinates will be reluctant to disagree.
个性与成功之间的联系
现代经理必须扮演教练的角色来管理他们的团队。这需要了解他们可能管理的不同人格类型，以及他们自己的人格在管理方式中可能扮演的角色。
加拿大麦吉尔大学（McGill University）副教授卡尔·摩尔（Karl Moore）最近写了两篇关于不同性格类型在商业中的作用的文章。最常见的区别之一是内向者和外向者之间的区别。摩尔先生估计，大约40%的人口是内向型的，40%是外向型的，20%是“矛盾型”的，这两种性格都能表现出来。
一项学术研究还发现，专业人士的孩子更容易外向。这可能仅仅是因为，在更富裕的家庭长大的孩子不太可能面临破坏自信的压力事件。自信度较高的人可能会申请更有声望的工作，并且更可能相信自己的努力会得到回报；那些自我形象消极的人可能会觉得不值得太努力。
所以内向的人不应该放弃攀登油腻极的希望(职场滑滑梯，职场金字塔）. 2017年的一项研究发现，当被任命为首席执行官时，内向者比外向者更有可能超越董事会和投资者的期望。
摩尔先生认为，为了成功，成功的高管们有时必须变得雄心勃勃。当情况需要时，内向者必须表现出热情，或发表激动人心的演讲。性格外向的人需要闭嘴，倾听团队的意见，尤其是因为当老板首先发言时，下属不愿意不同意。
参考范文 ·
Modern managing requires managers’ comprehensive personality understanding, with introverts, extroverts in equal percentage and ambiverts less. Children with professional parents are always extroverts for better family background and extroverts usually take decent jobs, believing in efforts will pay off. Introverts are optimistically encouraged to struggle for higher status. Ambiverts are potential excellent executives for their adaptability in different situations.
(60 Words)
Decision fatigue: Why it’s so hard to make up your mind, and how to make it easier
From the moment we wake up each day, we’re faced with a continuous stream of choices. When there are too many options, we tend to feel overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or otherwise out of sorts. This is decision fatigue, a state of mental overload that can impede（妨碍）our ability to make additional decisions.
When decision fatigue kicks in, you may feel like you just don’t have the mental bandwidth to deal with more decisions. This can lead to decisional paralysis or depleted self-control, causing you to avoid making certain choices entirely, to go with the default option or to make ones that aren’t in line with your goals or values, experts say. Here’s how to minimize or manage this phenomenon:
Make some choices automatic. Some easy ways to do this: when you go grocery shopping, use a master list that has the same staples, and buy the same brands each time. If you like having oatmeal for breakfast, stick with it on a daily basis. And if you’re trying to exercise regularly, dedicate a consistent chunk of time for it every day.
Tune into how you’re feeling. Be alert to signs of decision fatigue and act accordingly: If you’ve had a demanding day that was filled with lots of decisions, put off making another one, if you can. If things that wouldn’t normally faze you start bothering you, consider that a sign that you may not be in the optimal sate of mind to make a major decision. “People may not realize that they’re experiencing decision fatigue,” Baumeister, a professor of psychology at the University of Queensland in Australia, says. “It’s something to watch out for.”
选择困难症自救手册
从我们每天醒来的那一刻起，我们就面临着一连串的选择。当有太多的选择时，我们往往会感到不知所措、焦虑、紧张或其他不适。这就是决策疲劳，一种精神超载的状态，可以阻碍(妨碍）我们做出额外决策的能力。
当决策疲劳开始出现时，你可能会觉得自己没有足够的精力来处理更多的决策。专家表示，这可能导致决策瘫痪或丧失自控能力，导致你完全避免做出某些选择，选择默认选项，或做出与你的目标或价值观不符的选择。以下是如何尽量减少或管理这种现象：
自动做出一些选择。一些简单的方法可以做到这一点：当你去杂货店购物时，使用一个主食相同的主列表，每次都购买相同的品牌。如你喜欢早餐吃燕麦粥，每天坚持吃。如果你想有规律地锻炼，每天花一段时间坚持锻炼。
了解你的感受。对决策疲劳的迹象保持警惕，并采取相应的行动：如果你有一天的工作很辛苦，而且做了很多决定，如果可以的话，推迟再做一个。如果一些通常不会困扰你的事情开始困扰你，那么考虑一下这是一个迹象，表明你可能没有处于做出重大决定的最佳状态。澳大利亚昆士兰大学心理学教授鲍迈斯特说：“人们可能没有意识到他们正在经历决策疲劳。”。“这是需要注意的。”
参考范文 ·
Overwhelming options in everyday routine give rise to decision fatigue, deteriorating our decision-making competence, and leaving us short of adequate intelligence to make prompt wise decision. Two measures are introduced to resolve the plight: make habitual choice, sticking to your familiar routine; be alert to our feeling and make adjustment correspondingly, major decision making should be avoided with a sign of decision fatigue,
(60 Words)
How China eradicated malaria
Malaria has afflicted humans for thousands of years and has killed people on every continent except Antarctica. It was not until 1880, a French military surgeon, performed autopsies（验尸）on malaria victims, that scientists understood the illness was caused by parasites. In the 20th century alone as many as 300m people may have died of the disease --- a chilling 5% of all deaths.
On June 30th China was certified “malaria-free” by the World Health Organization(WHO), a status granted to countries that have seen no transmission of the disease for “at least the previous three consecutive years.”
In the 1940s China had an estimated 30m indigenous（土生土长的）cases and 300,000 deaths a year. As recently as 2010 it recorded nearly 5,000 cases, but that figure dropped to zero four years ago. China’s achievement is a result of three policies: early intervention, surveillance and cross-sector collaboration.
In 1955 Chinese authorities launched the National Malaria Control Program me, which promoted the use of insecticide sprays, improved irrigation and case-detection and increased the provision of anti-malarial treatments. Though simple, these measures helped achieve steady progress in the country. By 1990 mortality rates had declined by 95%. In 2010 the Chinese Ministry of Health brought together 13 government departments to implement the Malaria Elimination Action Plan, an ambitious scheme to eliminate malaria by 2020. When the covid-19 pandemic hit, the Chinese government continued to monitor at-risk zones.
中国如何根除疟疾
疟疾折磨人类数千年，在除南极洲以外的每一个大陆上都夺去了人们的生命。直到1880年，一位法国军医进行了尸检(验尸） 在疟疾患者身上，科学家们了解这种疾病是由寄生虫引起的。仅在20世纪，就可能有多达3亿人死于这种疾病，占所有死亡人数的5%，令人心寒。
6月30日，中国被世界卫生组织（WHO）认定为“无疟疾”，这一身份授予了“至少连续三年未发现疟疾传播的国家”
20世纪40年代，中国估计有3000万土著人(土生土长的） 每年有30万人死亡。就在2010年，它记录了近5000例病例，但这一数字在四年前降至零。中国的成就得益于三项政策：早期干预、监测和跨部门合作。
1955年，中国当局启动了国家疟疾控制计划，该计划推广使用杀虫剂喷雾，改善灌溉和病例检测，并增加抗疟疾治疗的提供。这些措施虽然简单，但有助于该国取得稳步进展。到1990年，死亡率下降了95%。2010年，中国卫生部召集了13个政府部门实施了《消除疟疾行动计划》，这是一项雄心勃勃的计划，旨在到2020年消除疟疾。当新冠肺炎流行时，中国政府继续监测高危地区。
参考范文
The cause of malaria remained unknown until 1880, which has caused millions of deaths yearly. China was granted the certification of malaria-free by the WHO on June 30th for its outstanding performance in tackling the problem with three policies: early intervention, monitor and all-round cooperation. China has made consistent efforts since 1955 and has won the triumph over the disease.
(60 Words)
The link between personality and success
The modern manager has to play the role of coach in charge of their team. And that requires an understanding of the different personality types they may be managing, and indeed the role their own personality may play in the way they manage.
Karl Moore, an associate professor at McGill University in Canada, has written two recent articles on the role of different personality types in business. One of the most common divides is between introverts and extroverts. Mr. Moore estimates that around 40% of the population is introverts, 40% are extroverts and 20% are “ambiverts” who can display both characteristics.
An academic study also found that the children of professionals were more likely to be extrovert. It could simply be that children who grow up in more prosperous homes are less likely to face the kind of stressful events that undermine self-confidence. People with higher self-confidence may apply for more prestigious jobs and may be more likely to believe that their efforts will be rewarded; those with a negative self-image may feel it is not worth trying too hard.
So introverts should not give up hope of climbing the greasy pole（职场滑滑梯，职场金字塔）. A study in 2017 found that introverts were slightly more likely than extroverts to surpass the expectations of boards and investors when appointed as chief executive.
Mr. Moore thinks that successful executives have to become ambiverts at times in order to succeed. Introverts must try to show enthusiasm, or make a stirring speech, when the situation calls for it. And extroverts need to shut up and listen to their teams---not least because when the boss speaks first, subordinates will be reluctant to disagree.
个性与成功之间的联系
现代经理必须扮演教练的角色来管理他们的团队。这需要了解他们可能管理的不同人格类型，以及他们自己的人格在管理方式中可能扮演的角色。
加拿大麦吉尔大学（McGill University）副教授卡尔·摩尔（Karl Moore）最近写了两篇关于不同性格类型在商业中的作用的文章。最常见的区别之一是内向者和外向者之间的区别。摩尔先生估计，大约40%的人口是内向型的，40%是外向型的，20%是“矛盾型”的，这两种性格都能表现出来。
一项学术研究还发现，专业人士的孩子更容易外向。这可能仅仅是因为，在更富裕的家庭长大的孩子不太可能面临破坏自信的压力事件。自信度较高的人可能会申请更有声望的工作，并且更可能相信自己的努力会得到回报；那些自我形象消极的人可能会觉得不值得太努力。
所以内向的人不应该放弃攀登油腻极的希望(职场滑滑梯，职场金字塔）. 2017年的一项研究发现，当被任命为首席执行官时，内向者比外向者更有可能超越董事会和投资者的期望。
摩尔先生认为，为了成功，成功的高管们有时必须变得雄心勃勃。当情况需要时，内向者必须表现出热情，或发表激动人心的演讲。性格外向的人需要闭嘴，倾听团队的意见，尤其是因为当老板首先发言时，下属不愿意不同意。
参考范文 ·
Modern managing requires managers’ comprehensive personality understanding, with introverts, extroverts in equal percentage and ambiverts less. Children with professional parents are always extroverts for better family background and extroverts usually take decent jobs, believing in efforts will pay off. Introverts are optimistically encouraged to struggle for higher status. Ambiverts are potential excellent executives for their adaptability in different situations.
(60 Words)
Decision fatigue: Why it’s so hard to make up your mind, and how to make it easier
From the moment we wake up each day, we’re faced with a continuous stream of choices. When there are too many options, we tend to feel overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or otherwise out of sorts. This is decision fatigue, a state of mental overload that can impede（妨碍）our ability to make additional decisions.
When decision fatigue kicks in, you may feel like you just don’t have the mental bandwidth to deal with more decisions. This can lead to decisional paralysis or depleted self-control, causing you to avoid making certain choices entirely, to go with the default option or to make ones that aren’t in line with your goals or values, experts say. Here’s how to minimize or manage this phenomenon:
Make some choices automatic. Some easy ways to do this: when you go grocery shopping, use a master list that has the same staples, and buy the same brands each time. If you like having oatmeal for breakfast, stick with it on a daily basis. And if you’re trying to exercise regularly, dedicate a consistent chunk of time for it every day.
Tune into how you’re feeling. Be alert to signs of decision fatigue and act accordingly: If you’ve had a demanding day that was filled with lots of decisions, put off making another one, if you can. If things that wouldn’t normally faze you start bothering you, consider that a sign that you may not be in the optimal sate of mind to make a major decision. “People may not realize that they’re experiencing decision fatigue,” Baumeister, a professor of psychology at the University of Queensland in Australia, says. “It’s something to watch out for.”
选择困难症自救手册
从我们每天醒来的那一刻起，我们就面临着一连串的选择。当有太多的选择时，我们往往会感到不知所措、焦虑、紧张或其他不适。这就是决策疲劳，一种精神超载的状态，可以阻碍(妨碍）我们做出额外决策的能力。
当决策疲劳开始出现时，你可能会觉得自己没有足够的精力来处理更多的决策。专家表示，这可能导致决策瘫痪或丧失自控能力，导致你完全避免做出某些选择，选择默认选项，或做出与你的目标或价值观不符的选择。以下是如何尽量减少或管理这种现象：
自动做出一些选择。一些简单的方法可以做到这一点：当你去杂货店购物时，使用一个主食相同的主列表，每次都购买相同的品牌。如你喜欢早餐吃燕麦粥，每天坚持吃。如果你想有规律地锻炼，每天花一段时间坚持锻炼。
了解你的感受。对决策疲劳的迹象保持警惕，并采取相应的行动：如果你有一天的工作很辛苦，而且做了很多决定，如果可以的话，推迟再做一个。如果一些通常不会困扰你的事情开始困扰你，那么考虑一下这是一个迹象，表明你可能没有处于做出重大决定的最佳状态。澳大利亚昆士兰大学心理学教授鲍迈斯特说：“人们可能没有意识到他们正在经历决策疲劳。”。“这是需要注意的。”
参考范文 ·
Overwhelming options in everyday routine give rise to decision fatigue, deteriorating our decision-making competence, and leaving us short of adequate intelligence to make prompt wise decision. Two measures are introduced to resolve the plight: make habitual choice, sticking to your familiar routine; be alert to our feeling and make adjustment correspondingly, major decision making should be avoided with a sign of decision fatigue,
(60 Words)
How China eradicated malaria
Malaria has afflicted humans for thousands of years and has killed people on every continent except Antarctica. It was not until 1880, a French military surgeon, performed autopsies（验尸）on malaria victims, that scientists understood the illness was caused by parasites. In the 20th century alone as many as 300m people may have died of the disease --- a chilling 5% of all deaths.
On June 30th China was certified “malaria-free” by the World Health Organization(WHO), a status granted to countries that have seen no transmission of the disease for “at least the previous three consecutive years.”
In the 1940s China had an estimated 30m indigenous（土生土长的）cases and 300,000 deaths a year. As recently as 2010 it recorded nearly 5,000 cases, but that figure dropped to zero four years ago. China’s achievement is a result of three policies: early intervention, surveillance and cross-sector collaboration.
In 1955 Chinese authorities launched the National Malaria Control Program me, which promoted the use of insecticide sprays, improved irrigation and case-detection and increased the provision of anti-malarial treatments. Though simple, these measures helped achieve steady progress in the country. By 1990 mortality rates had declined by 95%. In 2010 the Chinese Ministry of Health brought together 13 government departments to implement the Malaria Elimination Action Plan, an ambitious scheme to eliminate malaria by 2020. When the covid-19 pandemic hit, the Chinese government continued to monitor at-risk zones.
中国如何根除疟疾
疟疾折磨人类数千年，在除南极洲以外的每一个大陆上都夺去了人们的生命。直到1880年，一位法国军医进行了尸检(验尸） 在疟疾患者身上，科学家们了解这种疾病是由寄生虫引起的。仅在20世纪，就可能有多达3亿人死于这种疾病，占所有死亡人数的5%，令人心寒。
6月30日，中国被世界卫生组织（WHO）认定为“无疟疾”，这一身份授予了“至少连续三年未发现疟疾传播的国家”
20世纪40年代，中国估计有3000万土著人(土生土长的） 每年有30万人死亡。就在2010年，它记录了近5000例病例，但这一数字在四年前降至零。中国的成就得益于三项政策：早期干预、监测和跨部门合作。
1955年，中国当局启动了国家疟疾控制计划，该计划推广使用杀虫剂喷雾，改善灌溉和病例检测，并增加抗疟疾治疗的提供。这些措施虽然简单，但有助于该国取得稳步进展。到1990年，死亡率下降了95%。2010年，中国卫生部召集了13个政府部门实施了《消除疟疾行动计划》，这是一项雄心勃勃的计划，旨在到2020年消除疟疾。当新冠肺炎流行时，中国政府继续监测高危地区。
参考范文
The cause of malaria remained unknown until 1880, which has caused millions of deaths yearly. China was granted the certification of malaria-free by the WHO on June 30th for its outstanding performance in tackling the problem with three policies: early intervention, monitor and all-round cooperation. China has made consistent efforts since 1955 and has won the triumph over the disease.
(60 Words)