2023届高三二轮复习——外刊精读学案（含答案）
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2023届高三二轮复习——外刊精读
悲伤还是快乐 —— 你喜欢哪种音乐？
导读：
一项新研究表明，悲伤的音乐现在越来越受人们的欢迎。为什么人们选择听悲伤的音乐？在听这类音乐时，人们的大脑和身体中在发生着什么变化？本期 “随身英语” 围绕这项研究，浅谈为什么悲伤的音乐能让我们中的一些人感到快乐。
一、语篇泛读
What would life be like without music Songs and tunes fill our lives, affecting our emotions, bringing back memories and sometimes making us dance. There is a song for everyone and for every occasion, but it seems that it’s sad music that moves us most.
Sad music certainly does its job in making us depressed, emotional, and causing us to sob – it’s something we might listen to after a break-up, for example. And a recent study has shown why some people are hooked on sad music. Professor David Huron from Ohio State University conducted the research and looked at the difference between people who love to listen to sad music and those who can’t stand it.
He told the BBC radio program me The Why Factor that it comes down to a natural hormone called prolactin. He says: “as you might have guessed from the name, it's associated with ‘lactation’ from breast-feeding. When people cry, they also release prolactin. And, there are circumstances in which prolactin seems to have this comforting effect.” It seems that people who like sad music are maybe getting too much prolactin, or more than is normal, and when they hear sad, downbeat music, it gives them a good feeling. But if prolactin isn’t released, or there isn’t enough of it, some people find that sad sounds don’t help to cheer them up.
Previous research by Durham University has also suggested that listening to sad music can trigger pain and sadness; but it can also provide comfort and even enjoyment. A high number of people they surveyed were cheered up by listening to supposedly sad songs. Though the feeling may not be exactly the same as happiness, it may be the ability to cope with the sadness that gives the feeling of comfort.
So, reacting to sad music on the radio may have nothing to do with the melancholic sound of a string quartet or a singer who’s got the blues, but rather a natural chemical reaction taking place in our bodies. Maybe that explanation is music to your ears if you're wondering why you’ve be listening to Adele on repeat!
二、词汇表
emotion 情绪
memory 记忆
move 打动，感动
depressed 消沉的，抑郁的
sob 抽泣
hooked 入迷的，上瘾的
hormone 荷尔蒙
prolactin 催乳素
comforting 令人安慰的
downbeat 低调的，悲观的
cheer sb. up 使……高兴起来，使……振作
trigger 引起，引发（坏事）
comfort 安慰，慰籍
enjoyment 愉悦感
melancholic 忧郁的
the blues 忧伤，悲哀
music to your ears 好消息
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What’s the name of the natural hormone that determines who does or doesn’t enjoy sad music
2. How might someone who doesn’t get enough of this natural hormone feel when they listen to sad music
3. True or false People who enjoy sad music like the feeling of comfort it creates.
4. According to research by Durham University, why might someone get a feeling of comfort by listening to sad music
5. Which word in the text means ‘deal successfully with a difficult situation’
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. Seeing the poor conditions of some of the animals in the zoo really ______ to join an animal welfare charity.
moving us move us
moved us moved on
2. I find a cup of hot, sweet tea very _______ after a long, cold winter walk.
comforting melancholic
music to your ears depressed
3. News reports suggest it was the rise in temperature that _______ the avalanche.
triggers trigger
triggering triggered
4. My friend sounded very _______ on the phone when she told me how her boyfriend had left her.
hooked melancholic
sob comforting
5. The announcement that we were all getting a pay rise was _______!
music to my ears
ear music to me
music for my ears
music to an ear
参考答案
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What’s the name of the natural hormone that determines who does or doesn’t enjoy sad music
The natural hormone is called prolactin.
2. How might someone who doesn’t get enough of this natural hormone feel when they listen to sad music
If prolactin isn’t released in someone or there isn’t enough of it, they just find that sad sounds don’t help to cheer them up.
3. True or false People who enjoy sad music like the feeling of comfort it creates.
True. Professor David Huron says when people cry, they also release prolactin. And, there are circumstances in which prolactin seems to have this comforting effect.
4. According to research by Durham University, why might someone get a feeling of comfort by listening to sad music
It may be the ability to cope with the sadness that gives the feeling of comfort to people who enjoy listening to sad music.
5. Which word in the text means ‘deal successfully with a difficult situation’
Cope. “Though the feeling may not be exactly the same as happiness, it may be the ability to cope with the sadness that gives the feeling of comfort.”
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. Seeing the poor conditions of some of the animals in the zoo really moved us to join an animal welfare charity.
2. I find a cup of hot, sweet tea very comforting after a long, cold winter walk.
3. News reports suggest it was the rise in temperature that triggered the avalanche.
4. My friend sounded very melancholic on the phone when she told me how her boyfriend had left her.
5. The announcement that we were all getting a pay rise was music to my ears!
奇怪的工作面试
导读：
想找到一份新工作并不那么容易。你需要先搜寻一个合适的职位，如果进展顺利，你可能会被邀请前去参加面试。对一些人来说，这是恐慌开始出现的时候，因为你将面临困难的面试问题，同时你必须证明自己的能力。但是，在面试中，如果你没有被问及为什么想要这份工作，而是被要求站起来跳个舞，你会怎么想呢？本期 “外刊精读” 告诉你一些人不得不面对的奇怪面试。
一、语篇泛读
Finding a new job isn’t always easy. You search for a suitable vacancy, send in an application form and if that goes well, you might be invited for an interview. For some, this is when the panic sets in – you’re going to be faced by a panel of strangers who’ll fire difficult questions at you, and you’ll have to actually prove yourself. But how would you feel if, instead of being asked why you want the job, you’re asked to stand up and dance !
From the perspective of a company, it wants to hire the right person because they can make a big difference to the success of the organisation. It therefore needs to test a candidate in the most appropriate way to discover how suitable he or she may be. A good interview process should involve rigorous screening of job applicants and effective questions that every applicant gets asked. But that’s not always the case.
Alison Green is an author and creator of the workplace advice column 'Ask a Manager'. She told the BBC that some companies “give their interviewers little or no training and often leave them completely on their own when it comes to figuring out what to ask job candidates.” She mentions that some interviewers are too casual and some focus on building a good rapport and end up hiring the candidate they just ‘clicked with’, regardless of their skills and abilities.
An inexperienced interviewer may think it’s clever to ask ‘if you were an animal, what kind would you be ’ That has been asked, Alison Green says, but in reality this has no connection with the job. And there have been inappropriate requests, such as one job seeker being asked to show the interviewer the inside of her handbag to demonstrate how organised she was. Talking of inappropriate, the BBC heard from a number of people who were surprised by the questions they were asked in an interview. Mature student Kevin Helton said that "the interviewer asked, 'you used to be in the Army, how many people have you killed '”
But as Alison Green points out, while a candidate might feel at the mercy of an interviewer, they are able to question why they’re being asked something, and while the interviewer might be making judgments, the candidate can also make their own judgment and decide if this is really the career move they want to make!
二、词汇表
vacancy 职位空缺
interview 面试
prove yourself 证明自己的实力
perspective（思考问题的）角度
hire 雇佣
organisation 组织，团体
candidate 候选人，应试者
screening 筛选
applicant 申请人
interviewer 面试官
training 培训
figure out 想出
casual 不在意的，漫不经心的
rapport 融洽，和谐的关系
clicked with 一拍即合的，与……产生共鸣的
skills and abilities 技能与能力
inexperienced 缺乏经验的
inappropriate 不适合的，不恰当的
job seeker 应聘者
at the mercy 听命于……，任凭……摆布
judgement 判断，评判
career move 职业发展
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. According to the article, what can make a big difference to the success of a company
2. What is the problem with interviewers just trying to develop a good rapport with the candidate
3. In one interview, how did the interviewer want to find out how organised a candidate was
4. True or false Only the interviewer is able to make judgements about the person they are interviewing.
5. According to Alison Green, what is the problem when an interviewer has little or no training
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. His in-depth knowledge of how cars work made him a perfect _______ for the job as a mechanic.
interviewer candidate
job seeker vacancy
2. We have a great boss, she has a fantastic _______ with all the team and she even buys them cakes sometimes!
perspective screening
rapport organisation
3. Our flight is delayed but we’re _______ of the weather – there’s nothing we can do.
at a mercy on the mercy
at the mercy of the mercy
4. I’m working so much, my house is a mess so I’m going to have to _______ a cleaner.
hire applicant
perspective interview
5. I met my wife on a blind date. As soon as started talking, I just _______ her.
clicks with clicked on
clicked at clicked with
参考答案
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. According to the article, what can make a big difference to the success of a company
A company wants to hire the right person because they can make a big difference to the success of the organisation.
2. What is the problem with interviewers just trying to develop a good rapport with the candidate
Some interviewers focus on building a good rapport and end up hiring the candidate they just ‘clicked with’, regardless of their skills and abilities.
3. In one interview, how did the interviewer want to find out how organised a candidate was
An interviewer at one company asked to look the candidate’s handbag to see how organised she was.
4. True or false Only the interviewer is able to make judgements about the person they are interviewing.
False. While the interviewer might be making judgements, the candidate can also make their own judgement and decide if this is really the career move they want to make!
5. According to Alison Green, what is the problem when an interviewer has little or no training
She said that some companies give their interviewers little or no training so they don’t know what questions to ask the candidates.
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. His in-depth knowledge of how cars work made him a perfect candidate for the job as a mechanic.
2. We have a great boss, she has a fantastic rapport with all the team and she even buys them cakes sometimes!
3. Our flight is delayed but we’re at the mercy of the weather – there’s nothing we can do.
4. I’m working so much, my house is a mess so I’m going to have to hire a cleaner.
5. I met my wife on a blind date. As soon as started talking, I just clicked with her.
自恋者是什么样的人？
导读：
自恋者对自身重要性的错觉和缺乏 “羞耻感” 的特征可能会让你恼火，但心理学家在经过研究后说自恋者可能比大多数人更快乐。本期 “外刊精读” 围绕表明这种性格特征好处的研究展开讨论。
一、语篇泛读
It takes all sorts to make a world – so some say. Nobody is the same, and our different personalities and character traits make us what we are. Wouldn’t it be boring if we were all the same But if someone doesn’t behave or think like you, it can be frustrating. And there’s one personality type that can be very difficult to deal with - narcissism.
Narcissists consider themselves the most important person. They’re only interested in their own life, without a care in the world about the people around them. Their lack of empathy makes them come across as arrogant and self-important. If you know someone like this, their narcissistic attitudes might irritate you. But you might find it even more irritating to know that, according to new research, they are likely to be happier than other people.
An ongoing study of narcissism by researchers at Queen's University Belfast has found such people might infuriate others but are less likely to be stressed or depressed. Writing about the research, the BBC’s Sean Coughlan says “They might have trampled over others and left a trail of emotional damage around them - but narcissists also seem to be insulated against feeling bad about them.” And their heightened sense of self-importance appears to give them "protective" qualities.
Researchers have been trying to understand why narcissism appears to be more prevalent in areas such as politics, social media and celebrity culture and why narcissists' shameless, over-confident attitude seems to be rewarded rather than penalized. It does seem that they have the best of all worlds, which is not great news for shrinking violets. And there’s more bad news for those who are shy and retiring: previous research by Queen’s University has also found that a ‘mental toughness’ helps narcissists succeed at work and in their social lives because they can overcome rejection and disappointment. And other tests have found that narcissistic students do better in exams, not because they are more clever, but because of their confidence and assertiveness.
But psychologist Dr Kostas Papageorgiou from the research team argues that these personality traits should not be seen as "either good or bad" but as "products of evolution" and "expressions of human nature". So, at the end of the day, we are what we are, and that’s just something we can’t change.
二、词汇表
it takes all sorts to make a world 世界之大，无奇不有
character trait 性格特征
narcissism 自恋，自我陶醉
narcissist 自我陶醉者，自恋者
without a care in the world 无忧无虑
empathy 同理心
arrogant 傲慢的，趾高气扬的
self-important 高傲自大的
infuriate 使大怒
stressed 焦虑的，紧张的
depressed 抑郁的，消沉的
emotional damage 情感伤害
heightened 加强的
shameless 无耻的
over-confident 过分自信的
shrinking violet 腼腆的人，害羞的人
retiring 不爱与人交往的，孤僻的
evolution 进化
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. From the viewpoint of a narcissist, who is the most important person
2. According to research, how stressed or depressed is a narcissist compared with other people
3. True or false Narcissists get rejected and disappointed at work because of their self-importance.
4. Why might narcissistic students do better in exams
5. Which word in the text means ‘happening often/very common’
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. My brother is so _______. He never listens to my opinion and does what he wants.
narcissism arrogant
empathy depressed
2. Some of my friends like to swim in ice cold water for fun! Well, it takes _______.
all worlds to make a sort
all sort to make a world
all sorts to make a world
all sorts to make a worlds
3. Jane is _______ - she took all the glory for winning the race even though she cheated!
shameless self-important
depressed retiring
4. My friend is no _______ - whenever we go to a karaoke bar, she’s the first to get up and sing!
shrink violet shrinking violets
shrinked violet shrinking violet
5. The train company’s lack of information about the delays started to _______ the passengers.
arrogant infuriate
depress heightened sense
参考答案
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. From the viewpoint of a narcissist, who is the most important person
Narcissists consider themselves the most important person.
2. According to research, how stressed or depressed is a narcissist compared with other people
An ongoing study of narcissism by researchers at Queen's University Belfast has found narcissists are less likely to be stressed or depressed.
3. True or false Narcissists get rejected and disappointed at work because of their self-importance.
False. Research by Queen’s University has also found that a ‘mental toughness’ helps narcissists succeed at work and in their social lives because they can overcome rejection and disappointment.
4. Why might narcissistic students do better in exams
Tests have found that narcissistic students do better in exams, not because they are more clever, but because of their confidence and assertiveness.
5. Which word in the text means ‘happening often/very common’
Prevalent. (“Researchers have been trying to understand why narcissism appears to be more prevalent in areas such as politics, social media and celebrity culture.”)
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. My brother is so arrogant. He never listens to my opinion and does what he wants.
2. Some of my friends like to swim in ice cold water for fun! Well, It takes all sorts to make a world.
3. Jane is shameless - she took all the glory for winning the race even though she cheated!
4. My friend is no shrinking violet - whenever we go to a karaoke bar, she’s the first to get up and sing!
5. The train company’s lack of information about the delays started to infuriate the passengers.
悲伤还是快乐 —— 你喜欢哪种音乐？
导读：
一项新研究表明，悲伤的音乐现在越来越受人们的欢迎。为什么人们选择听悲伤的音乐？在听这类音乐时，人们的大脑和身体中在发生着什么变化？本期 “随身英语” 围绕这项研究，浅谈为什么悲伤的音乐能让我们中的一些人感到快乐。
一、语篇泛读
What would life be like without music Songs and tunes fill our lives, affecting our emotions, bringing back memories and sometimes making us dance. There is a song for everyone and for every occasion, but it seems that it’s sad music that moves us most.
Sad music certainly does its job in making us depressed, emotional, and causing us to sob – it’s something we might listen to after a break-up, for example. And a recent study has shown why some people are hooked on sad music. Professor David Huron from Ohio State University conducted the research and looked at the difference between people who love to listen to sad music and those who can’t stand it.
He told the BBC radio program me The Why Factor that it comes down to a natural hormone called prolactin. He says: “as you might have guessed from the name, it's associated with ‘lactation’ from breast-feeding. When people cry, they also release prolactin. And, there are circumstances in which prolactin seems to have this comforting effect.” It seems that people who like sad music are maybe getting too much prolactin, or more than is normal, and when they hear sad, downbeat music, it gives them a good feeling. But if prolactin isn’t released, or there isn’t enough of it, some people find that sad sounds don’t help to cheer them up.
Previous research by Durham University has also suggested that listening to sad music can trigger pain and sadness; but it can also provide comfort and even enjoyment. A high number of people they surveyed were cheered up by listening to supposedly sad songs. Though the feeling may not be exactly the same as happiness, it may be the ability to cope with the sadness that gives the feeling of comfort.
So, reacting to sad music on the radio may have nothing to do with the melancholic sound of a string quartet or a singer who’s got the blues, but rather a natural chemical reaction taking place in our bodies. Maybe that explanation is music to your ears if you're wondering why you’ve be listening to Adele on repeat!
二、词汇表
emotion 情绪
memory 记忆
move 打动，感动
depressed 消沉的，抑郁的
sob 抽泣
hooked 入迷的，上瘾的
hormone 荷尔蒙
prolactin 催乳素
comforting 令人安慰的
downbeat 低调的，悲观的
cheer sb. up 使……高兴起来，使……振作
trigger 引起，引发（坏事）
comfort 安慰，慰籍
enjoyment 愉悦感
melancholic 忧郁的
the blues 忧伤，悲哀
music to your ears 好消息
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What’s the name of the natural hormone that determines who does or doesn’t enjoy sad music
2. How might someone who doesn’t get enough of this natural hormone feel when they listen to sad music
3. True or false People who enjoy sad music like the feeling of comfort it creates.
4. According to research by Durham University, why might someone get a feeling of comfort by listening to sad music
5. Which word in the text means ‘deal successfully with a difficult situation’
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. Seeing the poor conditions of some of the animals in the zoo really ______ to join an animal welfare charity.
moving us move us
moved us moved on
2. I find a cup of hot, sweet tea very _______ after a long, cold winter walk.
comforting melancholic
music to your ears depressed
3. News reports suggest it was the rise in temperature that _______ the avalanche.
triggers trigger
triggering triggered
4. My friend sounded very _______ on the phone when she told me how her boyfriend had left her.
hooked melancholic
sob comforting
5. The announcement that we were all getting a pay rise was _______!
music to my ears
ear music to me
music for my ears
music to an ear
参考答案
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. What’s the name of the natural hormone that determines who does or doesn’t enjoy sad music
The natural hormone is called prolactin.
2. How might someone who doesn’t get enough of this natural hormone feel when they listen to sad music
If prolactin isn’t released in someone or there isn’t enough of it, they just find that sad sounds don’t help to cheer them up.
3. True or false People who enjoy sad music like the feeling of comfort it creates.
True. Professor David Huron says when people cry, they also release prolactin. And, there are circumstances in which prolactin seems to have this comforting effect.
4. According to research by Durham University, why might someone get a feeling of comfort by listening to sad music
It may be the ability to cope with the sadness that gives the feeling of comfort to people who enjoy listening to sad music.
5. Which word in the text means ‘deal successfully with a difficult situation’
Cope. “Though the feeling may not be exactly the same as happiness, it may be the ability to cope with the sadness that gives the feeling of comfort.”
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. Seeing the poor conditions of some of the animals in the zoo really moved us to join an animal welfare charity.
2. I find a cup of hot, sweet tea very comforting after a long, cold winter walk.
3. News reports suggest it was the rise in temperature that triggered the avalanche.
4. My friend sounded very melancholic on the phone when she told me how her boyfriend had left her.
5. The announcement that we were all getting a pay rise was music to my ears!
奇怪的工作面试
导读：
想找到一份新工作并不那么容易。你需要先搜寻一个合适的职位，如果进展顺利，你可能会被邀请前去参加面试。对一些人来说，这是恐慌开始出现的时候，因为你将面临困难的面试问题，同时你必须证明自己的能力。但是，在面试中，如果你没有被问及为什么想要这份工作，而是被要求站起来跳个舞，你会怎么想呢？本期 “外刊精读” 告诉你一些人不得不面对的奇怪面试。
一、语篇泛读
Finding a new job isn’t always easy. You search for a suitable vacancy, send in an application form and if that goes well, you might be invited for an interview. For some, this is when the panic sets in – you’re going to be faced by a panel of strangers who’ll fire difficult questions at you, and you’ll have to actually prove yourself. But how would you feel if, instead of being asked why you want the job, you’re asked to stand up and dance !
From the perspective of a company, it wants to hire the right person because they can make a big difference to the success of the organisation. It therefore needs to test a candidate in the most appropriate way to discover how suitable he or she may be. A good interview process should involve rigorous screening of job applicants and effective questions that every applicant gets asked. But that’s not always the case.
Alison Green is an author and creator of the workplace advice column 'Ask a Manager'. She told the BBC that some companies “give their interviewers little or no training and often leave them completely on their own when it comes to figuring out what to ask job candidates.” She mentions that some interviewers are too casual and some focus on building a good rapport and end up hiring the candidate they just ‘clicked with’, regardless of their skills and abilities.
An inexperienced interviewer may think it’s clever to ask ‘if you were an animal, what kind would you be ’ That has been asked, Alison Green says, but in reality this has no connection with the job. And there have been inappropriate requests, such as one job seeker being asked to show the interviewer the inside of her handbag to demonstrate how organised she was. Talking of inappropriate, the BBC heard from a number of people who were surprised by the questions they were asked in an interview. Mature student Kevin Helton said that "the interviewer asked, 'you used to be in the Army, how many people have you killed '”
But as Alison Green points out, while a candidate might feel at the mercy of an interviewer, they are able to question why they’re being asked something, and while the interviewer might be making judgments, the candidate can also make their own judgment and decide if this is really the career move they want to make!
二、词汇表
vacancy 职位空缺
interview 面试
prove yourself 证明自己的实力
perspective（思考问题的）角度
hire 雇佣
organisation 组织，团体
candidate 候选人，应试者
screening 筛选
applicant 申请人
interviewer 面试官
training 培训
figure out 想出
casual 不在意的，漫不经心的
rapport 融洽，和谐的关系
clicked with 一拍即合的，与……产生共鸣的
skills and abilities 技能与能力
inexperienced 缺乏经验的
inappropriate 不适合的，不恰当的
job seeker 应聘者
at the mercy 听命于……，任凭……摆布
judgement 判断，评判
career move 职业发展
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. According to the article, what can make a big difference to the success of a company
2. What is the problem with interviewers just trying to develop a good rapport with the candidate
3. In one interview, how did the interviewer want to find out how organised a candidate was
4. True or false Only the interviewer is able to make judgements about the person they are interviewing.
5. According to Alison Green, what is the problem when an interviewer has little or no training
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. His in-depth knowledge of how cars work made him a perfect _______ for the job as a mechanic.
interviewer candidate
job seeker vacancy
2. We have a great boss, she has a fantastic _______ with all the team and she even buys them cakes sometimes!
perspective screening
rapport organisation
3. Our flight is delayed but we’re _______ of the weather – there’s nothing we can do.
at a mercy on the mercy
at the mercy of the mercy
4. I’m working so much, my house is a mess so I’m going to have to _______ a cleaner.
hire applicant
perspective interview
5. I met my wife on a blind date. As soon as started talking, I just _______ her.
clicks with clicked on
clicked at clicked with
参考答案
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. According to the article, what can make a big difference to the success of a company
A company wants to hire the right person because they can make a big difference to the success of the organisation.
2. What is the problem with interviewers just trying to develop a good rapport with the candidate
Some interviewers focus on building a good rapport and end up hiring the candidate they just ‘clicked with’, regardless of their skills and abilities.
3. In one interview, how did the interviewer want to find out how organised a candidate was
An interviewer at one company asked to look the candidate’s handbag to see how organised she was.
4. True or false Only the interviewer is able to make judgements about the person they are interviewing.
False. While the interviewer might be making judgements, the candidate can also make their own judgement and decide if this is really the career move they want to make!
5. According to Alison Green, what is the problem when an interviewer has little or no training
She said that some companies give their interviewers little or no training so they don’t know what questions to ask the candidates.
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. His in-depth knowledge of how cars work made him a perfect candidate for the job as a mechanic.
2. We have a great boss, she has a fantastic rapport with all the team and she even buys them cakes sometimes!
3. Our flight is delayed but we’re at the mercy of the weather – there’s nothing we can do.
4. I’m working so much, my house is a mess so I’m going to have to hire a cleaner.
5. I met my wife on a blind date. As soon as started talking, I just clicked with her.
自恋者是什么样的人？
导读：
自恋者对自身重要性的错觉和缺乏 “羞耻感” 的特征可能会让你恼火，但心理学家在经过研究后说自恋者可能比大多数人更快乐。本期 “外刊精读” 围绕表明这种性格特征好处的研究展开讨论。
一、语篇泛读
It takes all sorts to make a world – so some say. Nobody is the same, and our different personalities and character traits make us what we are. Wouldn’t it be boring if we were all the same But if someone doesn’t behave or think like you, it can be frustrating. And there’s one personality type that can be very difficult to deal with - narcissism.
Narcissists consider themselves the most important person. They’re only interested in their own life, without a care in the world about the people around them. Their lack of empathy makes them come across as arrogant and self-important. If you know someone like this, their narcissistic attitudes might irritate you. But you might find it even more irritating to know that, according to new research, they are likely to be happier than other people.
An ongoing study of narcissism by researchers at Queen's University Belfast has found such people might infuriate others but are less likely to be stressed or depressed. Writing about the research, the BBC’s Sean Coughlan says “They might have trampled over others and left a trail of emotional damage around them - but narcissists also seem to be insulated against feeling bad about them.” And their heightened sense of self-importance appears to give them "protective" qualities.
Researchers have been trying to understand why narcissism appears to be more prevalent in areas such as politics, social media and celebrity culture and why narcissists' shameless, over-confident attitude seems to be rewarded rather than penalized. It does seem that they have the best of all worlds, which is not great news for shrinking violets. And there’s more bad news for those who are shy and retiring: previous research by Queen’s University has also found that a ‘mental toughness’ helps narcissists succeed at work and in their social lives because they can overcome rejection and disappointment. And other tests have found that narcissistic students do better in exams, not because they are more clever, but because of their confidence and assertiveness.
But psychologist Dr Kostas Papageorgiou from the research team argues that these personality traits should not be seen as "either good or bad" but as "products of evolution" and "expressions of human nature". So, at the end of the day, we are what we are, and that’s just something we can’t change.
二、词汇表
it takes all sorts to make a world 世界之大，无奇不有
character trait 性格特征
narcissism 自恋，自我陶醉
narcissist 自我陶醉者，自恋者
without a care in the world 无忧无虑
empathy 同理心
arrogant 傲慢的，趾高气扬的
self-important 高傲自大的
infuriate 使大怒
stressed 焦虑的，紧张的
depressed 抑郁的，消沉的
emotional damage 情感伤害
heightened 加强的
shameless 无耻的
over-confident 过分自信的
shrinking violet 腼腆的人，害羞的人
retiring 不爱与人交往的，孤僻的
evolution 进化
三、测试与练习
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. From the viewpoint of a narcissist, who is the most important person
2. According to research, how stressed or depressed is a narcissist compared with other people
3. True or false Narcissists get rejected and disappointed at work because of their self-importance.
4. Why might narcissistic students do better in exams
5. Which word in the text means ‘happening often/very common’
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. My brother is so _______. He never listens to my opinion and does what he wants.
narcissism arrogant
empathy depressed
2. Some of my friends like to swim in ice cold water for fun! Well, it takes _______.
all worlds to make a sort
all sort to make a world
all sorts to make a world
all sorts to make a worlds
3. Jane is _______ - she took all the glory for winning the race even though she cheated!
shameless self-important
depressed retiring
4. My friend is no _______ - whenever we go to a karaoke bar, she’s the first to get up and sing!
shrink violet shrinking violets
shrinked violet shrinking violet
5. The train company’s lack of information about the delays started to _______ the passengers.
arrogant infuriate
depress heightened sense
参考答案
阅读课文并回答问题。
1. From the viewpoint of a narcissist, who is the most important person
Narcissists consider themselves the most important person.
2. According to research, how stressed or depressed is a narcissist compared with other people
An ongoing study of narcissism by researchers at Queen's University Belfast has found narcissists are less likely to be stressed or depressed.
3. True or false Narcissists get rejected and disappointed at work because of their self-importance.
False. Research by Queen’s University has also found that a ‘mental toughness’ helps narcissists succeed at work and in their social lives because they can overcome rejection and disappointment.
4. Why might narcissistic students do better in exams
Tests have found that narcissistic students do better in exams, not because they are more clever, but because of their confidence and assertiveness.
5. Which word in the text means ‘happening often/very common’
Prevalent. (“Researchers have been trying to understand why narcissism appears to be more prevalent in areas such as politics, social media and celebrity culture.”)
请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。
1. My brother is so arrogant. He never listens to my opinion and does what he wants.
2. Some of my friends like to swim in ice cold water for fun! Well, It takes all sorts to make a world.
3. Jane is shameless - she took all the glory for winning the race even though she cheated!
4. My friend is no shrinking violet - whenever we go to a karaoke bar, she’s the first to get up and sing!
5. The train company’s lack of information about the delays started to infuriate the passengers.