(共55张PPT)
Lesson 3 P58-61
新北师大选择性必修Book 3
Unit 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
EPIDEMICS EXPLAINED
COVID-19
COVID-19 is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans. The COVID-19 is the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in Wuhan, Hubei province, China.
SARS
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory illness that was recognized as a global threat in March 2003, after first appearing in Southern China in November 2002.
Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a deadly disease with occasional outbreaks that occur mostly on the African continent. EVD most commonly affects people and nonhuman primates. It is caused by an infection with a group of viruses within the genus Ebola virus.
Look and discuss.
1. Describe epidemics using your own words.
2. Look at the above pictures and talk about the common points of epidemics.
1
What do you know about epidemics Tick (√) the statements that you think are correct.
1. An epidemic is the rapid spread of an infectious disease. ( )
2. An epidemic can affect a large number of people in a given population. ( )
3. An epidemic can occur within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less. ( )
4. An epidemic may spread to several countries or continents. ( )
5. Some common viruses, such as the common cold, are not epidemics. ( )
6. A new epidemic can be a different variation of a virus that people caught in the past. ( )
2
Read the passage. Find out what an epidemic is and how a disease can be classified as an epidemic. Then circle all the epidemics mentioned in the passage.
How does the passage develop
In order of time
In order of space
In order of logic
In order of place
Match epidemics with correct statements.
Bird Flu
a. the most acute
worldwide epidemic
b. first appeared in 1997
c. related to the 1918 Spanish Flu
Epidemics in the Roman Empire
a. one of the earliest on
record
b. one of the key causes of
the fall of an empire
c. the most acute
worldwide Epidemic
less populated areas being less severely affected
b. the most acute
worldwide epidemic
c. perfect conditions being provided for the disease to spread
The Black
Death
also called the Great Flu Epidemic
b. the most acute
Epidemic
c. struck near the
end of World War I
d. more death of the flu than that in the war
The Spanish Flu
most people having no
natural defenses against the disease
b. yet, it has been forgotten by history
c. completely new to
physicians
SARS
EVD
a. mostly happened in West Africa
b. the survival rate was as low as 20% in some area
c. the most widespread outbreak lasted from 2013 to 2016
3
Pair plete the table about the epidemics mentioned. Then choose one disease to talk about with a partner.
Name Period Places Death toll
Bird Flu ×
Epidemics in the Roman Empire
The Black Death ×
since 1997
500-550 CE
1330S
Rome
Asia and Erope
more than a hundred lives
half the population
Name Period Places Death toll
The Spanish Flu ×
SARS ×
EVD
1981- the end of World War Ⅰ
2002 - 2003
2013-2016
China, Canada, Vietnam and Singapore
West Africa
50 million people
more than 11,310 death
4
Tick the aspects of information that are mentioned in the passage. Use a diagram to demonstrate in a logical way how they are organised.
when epidemics started
examples of epidemics
treatments
baseline number of deaths of epidemics
definition
when it ended
possible causes of epidemics
possible solutions
Developing Concepts Based on the Text
Concepts are not always clearly defined in a text. You need to read and develop your understanding.
Read the text to get the general idea.
Identify all the information related to the concept, e.g. examples, developments, effects, etc.
Organise the information and explain the concept from different angles.
Skill Builder
Epidemics
definition of epidemics
baseline number of deaths of epidemics
examples of epidemics
when epidemics started
when it ended
work together to fight epidemics
5
Group Work. Discuss the questions.
1. What are the main features of an epidemic Give at least two examples to illustrate your points.
1. it is an infectious disease
2. it spreads rapidly to a large numbr of people within a short period of time
3. a certain number of deaths have occurred from the disease. The common cold is not an epidemic because while it affects many people, it does not cause deaths, so it is considered an epidemic.
2. What should different countries do to prevent outbreaks of epidemics in the future Why？
Countries will need to work together to do this because teamwork among nations across the globe can save lives. This is a good example of building a community with shared future for mankind.
Features
Purposes
Problems
3. What does the title mean to you What does the writer want to convey in the passage
The title means that the passage will explain questions about epidemics. The author wants to convey the information that we are always on our way to find an explanation to epidemics so as to find cure. It also implies that epidemics occurred naturally and inevitably. We can only explain it, and can’t prevent it or stop it completely now.
4. What do you think the passage is written for
This is a popular science article. It is more likely to be written for people who is interested in this topic or who has a lot of questions or misunderstanding of epidemics.
6
Complete these sentences in your own words.
1. Epidemics can be caused by ...
2. Diseases can only be officially classified as epidemics when ...
3. The Spanish Flu spread worldwide because ...
a virus being carried into an area, or changes in the way people live.
a certain number of deaths have occurred from the disease.
more people were travelling and moving after World War Ⅰ.
4. Since the end of the SARS epidemics, scientists ...
5. Countries need to work together to conduct thorough and systematic research because ...
have been doing experiments on treatments to prevent any further outbreaks.
teamwork among nations across the globe can save lives.
新北师大选择性必修Book 3
Language points P58-59
Unit 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
课文回顾：
1. Each disease can only officially be classified as an epidemics once a certain number of deaths have occurred from the disease.
句意：只有致死病例达到一定数量，某种疾病才会被定性为流行病。
classify ... as ... 将……归类为；将……界定为
例句：
Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
这些事故中只有十一例被判定为重大事故。
Some people classify pizza as junk food.
一些人将披萨归类为垃圾食物。
2. So a very rare disease will have a low baseline and just a few cases of it in one place will be classified as an epidemic; as opposed to more common diseases, such as the flu, that have a higher baseline.
句意：罕见疾病的基线很低，即使某一地区只出现少数病例，也会被认定是流行病；与此相反，常见疾病的基数较高，如流感。
1) opposed adj. 反对的；不赞成的
be opposed to sth
例句：
I am firmly opposed to any form of terrorism.
我坚决反对任何形式的恐怖主义。
2) opposed adj. 对立的；相反的；迥异的
例句：
Our views are opposed on this issue.
在这个问题上，我们的观点是相反的。
3) as oppsed to ... 相对于；而不是
例句：
We ate in the restaurant, as opposed to the bistro.
我们是在餐厅吃的饭，而不是小饭馆。
3. Families who had only just got through the war now had to bury their loved ones who had died of the disease.
句意：刚刚熬过战争的人们现在不得不埋葬他们死于疾病的亲人。
get through
1）度过，熬过（困难或不快的时期）
例句：
It is hard to see how people will get through the winter.
难以想象人们将怎样熬过这个冬天。
2）完成，干完（尤指难做的任务或工作）
例句：
I think you can get through the first two chapters.
我认为你能看完前两章。
3）消耗，用完（大量某物）
例句：
The baby will get through at least ten nappies a day. 这个宝宝每天至少得用十块尿布。
4）通过电话联系上；接通……的电话
例句：
I’v been trying to ring up all day and I couldn’t get through. 我打了一天电话，但总是接不通。
4. The virus was extremely infectious and the survival rate was as much low as 30% in some areas, indicating that very few people got over it.
句意：该病毒传染性极强，一些地区的存活率低至30%，也就是说很少有人能康复。
indicate v. 表明；说明
1) indicate +that从句
例句：
A survey of retired people has indicated that most are independent and enjoying life.
对退休人员的调查表明，大部分人都自食其力，享受生活。
2) indicate +n
例句：
The vote today indicates a change in national policy.
今天的选举表明了国家政策的一种变化。
3) indicate +wh从句
例句：
It indicates whether this teaching form is suitable for children.
由此可以看出这种教学形式是否适合儿童。
5. Despite, or perhaps because of, the epidemics the world has faced in recently years, governments worldwide have underlined the fact that they want thorough and systematic medical research on epidemics to get at the causes and come up with cures as soon as possible.
句意：尽管（或者是因为）近年来全球爆发了流行病，世界各国政府都已经强调，要对流行病进行彻底和系统地医学研究，以便尽快找出原因并找到治疗方法。这需要各个国家的共同努力，因为全球各国之间的团队合作才能拯救生命。
1. despite 虽然；尽管
例句：
Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.
尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。
despite oneself 不由自主地；禁不住地
例句：
He had to laugh despite himself.
他不想笑，但还是不由自主地笑了出来。
2. get at
1) 查明；弄清楚
例句：
We have to get at the truth. Who stole his wallet
我们必须查明真相。谁偷了他的钱包？
2) 触及；够着；抓住
例句：
A goat was standing up against a tree on its hind legs, trying to get at the leaves.
一只山羊后腿撑地，搭着树站立起来，试图去够叶子。
新北师大选择性必修Book 3
Grammar P61
Unit 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
短语动词
Phrasal Verbs
1. 定义
短语动词是由两三个单词组成的动词，可以是及物的（带宾语），也可以是不及物的（不带宾语）。
2. 构成
1）动词+介词
2）动词+副词
3）动词+名词/代词+介词
4）动词+副词+介词
动词+介词
He was eager to get into politics.
他渴望跻身政界。
It’s time for us to come to a conclusion.
到我们做决定的时候了。
I like to go for a jog after work.
我喜欢在下班后慢跑锻炼。
动词+副词
She’d gladly have gone anywhere to get away from the cottage.
只要能离开那个小屋，去哪她都乐意。
I came across a group of children playing.
我碰到一群正在玩耍的小孩。
They were so far away that I couldn’t make out their faces clearly.
他们离得那么远，我没法把他们的脸辨认清楚。
动词+名词/代词+介词
In some countries, people are making use of the heat in the center of the earth.
在一些国家，人们正在利用地球中心的热量。
I accused him of the crime.
我控告他犯罪。
Mary is taking care of the children.
玛丽正在照顾孩子们。
动词+副词+介词
Young adults must break away from their parents’ control in order to achieve independence .
为了达到自立，年轻人必须摆脱父母亲对他们的支配。
You’ll have to work very hard to make up for the time you lost.
你要努力工作，以弥补失去的时间。
7
Choose prepositions or adverbs in the box to make phrasal verbs with the three verbs in the Word Builder.
Phrasal Verbs
at into over up with through
under up away
go
get
come
at, over, through, away
at, into, over, through, up, away
at, into, over, up with, up, away
go at
攻击；拼命干
go over
仔细检查；认真讨论；用心思考
go through
经历；翻阅；彻查；（法律、协议等）被通过
go away
离开（某地或某人）；外出（尤指度假）
get at
触及，够着；查明，弄清楚
get into
成功涉足；考入，进入
get over
恢复过来；克服，战胜
get through
完成；熬过；消耗；使理解
get up
起立；起床
get away
离开；外出度假；逃跑
come at
扑向；向……逼近
come into
继承；在……中起作用
come over
支配；开始觉得；给人以……印象
come up with
想出，提出；设法拿出（所需钱款）
come up
走近；被提及；即将发生
come away
分离，脱离；（带着某种感觉或印象）离开
Then use the phrasal verbs to complete the following sentences.
1. The medical expert asked a few questions to try to __________ the truth.
2. Books on epidemics __________ the medicine section of the store.
3. During this course, we’ll __________ the main causes of bird flu.
4. It took him a week to _________ the flu.
come at
go under
go over
get over
5. Has your headache _________ yet
6. The price of this drug has __________ twenty cents since August.
7. Are you willing to stand by him and help him ____________ this difficult time
8. Jodan has _____________ some creative ideas for helping the sick.
get over
gone up
go through
come up with
8
Group Work. Search online and find some information about epidemics in China or Asia. Report your information to the class.
COVID-19 is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans. The COVID-19 is the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Since December 2019, cases have been identified in a growing number of countries. And the number continues to increase ...
Thank you!
