高考英语知识点专项之14句型—祈使句/感叹句(含详细解析)
一、单项选择
1._____different life today is ________what it was 30 years ago
A. What; from????? B. How; from??????????????C. How; with??????????????? D. What; with
2.The women carrying babies, come in first, ______?
A. will you B. will they C. don’t they D. don’t you
3._____wild animals when you go up the hill.
A. Look out for B. Take care C. Take care of D. Be careful
4._______it is to jump out of an airplane at 10,000 feet!
A. What an exciting experience?????????? ???????B. How exciting experience???????
C. How an exciting experience????? ?????????????D. What exciting experience
5.___ long way it is from Xi’an to Guangzhou!
A. How B. So C. What D. What a
6.
You can't imagine _____when they received these nice Christmas presents.?
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited?
7. the children had at the seaside during their stay in the country!
A.What a fun B.What fun C.How funny D.How fun
8.Miss Langham arm in arm with Mr. Peabody ——________sight!
A.how astonishing a B.so an astonishing
C.what astonishing a D.such an astonishing
9.________ if you want to do something, or you won’t be able to do it well.
A. To try your best B. Trying you best C. Try your best D. Unless you try your best
10.--- Father, I’m going out for a play.
---- _________ be long!
A. Don’t B. It won’t C. Won’t D. You didn’t
11.The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ____ it was!
A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene
C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene
12.All of you, yourself, and we’ll begin our class soon.
A.are seating B.will seat C.have seated D.seat
13. different life today is from what it was thirty years ago!
A.What a B.How C.How a D.What
14.Please do me a favor---_____Mr. Wang of the date and place of our party.
A. to inform B. informing C. informed D. inform
15.________ it is to go for a picnic on such a fine day!
A. What a fun B. What fun C. How fun D. How a fun
16.—Sorry for being late for the party.
— earlier next time, will you?
A. Coming B. To come C. Having come D. Come
17.The smoggy weather has made us realize terrible problems we are laced with.
A.how B.what C.that D.which
18._____ the instructions very carefully when filling in the form.
A. Following B. To follow C. Follow D. Followed
19.
Those who want to say anything more your hand and then to speak.
A. arise; raise B. raise; rise C. raise; arouse D. rise; raise
20. straight on and you’ll see a church . You won’t miss it.
A.Go B.Going C.If you go D.When going
21.________ it is to have a cold drink on such a hot day!
A. What a fun B. How fun C. How a fun D. What fun
22.______ terrible life the people in the mountains lived at that time!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
23. ---_______ fine day! Shall we go out for a walk?
---That sounds great!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
24. — ______ the earthquake in Yu shu is!
— Yes, we should try our best to help them.
A. What terrible B. How terrible C. How terribly D. what terribly
25.How pleasant the picture is to _________!
A. be looked at B. being looked at C. looking at D. look at
27. _____ what the six blind men said sounded!
A. How foolishly B. How foolish C. What foolishly D. What foolish
28.______ it is to go for a hike in such lovely weather!
A. How fun B. How funny C. What fun D. What a fun
29.______ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
A. How interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting D. What an interesting
30.___some of the juice and perhaps you’ll like it.
A.Trying B. To try C. Try D. Having tried
31.“___________that again!” father shouted to me when I was found playing with fire.
A.Never to do B.Don’t never do C.Do never D.Never do
32. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock
33.______ it is to listen to music when you are free.
A. What fun B. What a fun C. How fun D. How funny?
34.–The CCTV reported that Premier Wen Jiabao played basketball with some students on Children's Day.
– ! And Premier Wen always encourages us to study hard and do more sports.
A. What amazing news
B. How amazing news
C. What an amazing news
35.Mary,______ here--everybody else,stay where you are.
A.come B.comes C.to come D.coming
36.Please do me a favor ---______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited
37. _____ for the young man to spit in the subway!
A. How bad manners it is B. How bad manners they are
C. What bad manners they are D. What bad manners it is
38. Imagine how excited we were ____ that our schoolmates had been admitted to some famous universities.
A. learning B. having learned C. to be learning D. to learn
39.“______,” the soldier screamed loudly, who held a gun in his hands, “or I will shoot again!”
A. Stopped there B. Stopping there C. To stop there D. Stop there
40.______ for the boy to talk with his mouth full!
A. What bad manners they are B. How bad manners they are
C. What bad manners it is D. How bad manners it is
41.For more information on how to apply for scholarship, ______ our Web site at www.edu/scholarship.
A. visiting B. to visit C. visit D. visits
42. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock
43.You will find what great benefit the computer you own can be _____ each time you use it to help you work.
A. for B. at C. of D. on
44.________ the prices and functions of different types of computers before you make up your mind which to buy.
A. To compare B. Comparing C. Compared D. Compare
45.You can’t imagine _____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
46.________ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To knock
47.______ yourself with positive people, and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can’t.
A. Surround B. Surrounding C. Surrounded D. Have surrounded
48.Cheer up! ________things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
A.Taking B.To take C.Take D.Taken
49._________useful advice it is ?
A. What a B. How a C. What D. How
50.__________ everything a shot because you never know what is going to change your life.
A. Giving B. To give C. Give D. Given
参考答案
1.B
【解析】
试题分析:前面是一个感叹句,life这里做感叹句的主语,所以要选的词应该是修饰形容词different的,所以应该用how;what引导的是一个宾语从句,作from的宾语,故选B。
考点:感叹句和宾语从句的考查
点评:感叹句的基本结构1.?What?+?aan?+?N?(名次单数)+?主语?+?谓语2.?What?+?N(名词复数\不可数)+主语+谓语3.?How??+?形容词\副词+主语+谓语。解答这类题,首先要确定从句是什么从句,然后依据相应的语法规则答题。
2.A
【解析】
试题分析:根据逗号及语境可知, The women carrying babies 为称呼语,而come in first为一祈使句,根据祈使句的反意疑问句形式可知答案应为A。
考点:考查祈使句的反意疑问句
点评:基本原则,若陈述部分为祈使句,反意疑问句通常用will?you,?won’t?you,?would?you等:Mail?the?letter?today,?will?you??今天就把信发掉,好吗??注意,若陈述部分为否定式,则反意疑问句部分只用will?you:Don’t?forget?to?post?the?letter,?will?you??一般说来,用will?you,?won’t?you,?would?you?等构成的反意疑问句语气较委婉。
3.A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意“当你爬山时,要小心野生动物。”take care of“照顾......”;look out for=be careful of/about“小心......”。后跟宾语时,应该加相应的介词。故选A。
4.C
【解析】考查感叹句。感叹句结构为:What+(a/an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或How+ adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is)。故选C。
5.D
【解析】
6.B
【解析】
7.B
【解析】
8.A
【解析】
9.C
【解析】
10.A
【解析】
11.A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:那个小男孩骑着自行车沿着高速公路飞速下来。多么危险的一幕啊!这里是感叹句what a /an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!或者how +形容词+冠词a /an +名词+主语+谓语!根据这两个句型可知故选A。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
12.D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:所有人都请坐,我们将开始上课了。本句中为祈使句,祈使句用动词的原形开头,为了强调说话的对象,可以将祈使句的主语说出来更为明确,故选D
考点:祈使句
点评:表示请求、命令等的句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you) ,一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。祈使句末尾用惊叹号或句号,句子用降调。但有时为了指明向谁请求或发出命袋子令,也可说出主语来。如:Alice, you close your book. 艾丽期,请你把书合上。
13.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:今天的生活与30年前的生活多么不一样啊!这里是感叹句,被感叹的词是形容词different,所以用how感叹;??What?+?aan?+?名词单数+?主语?+谓语;What?+? (名词复数\不可数)+主语+谓语;?How??+?形容词\副词+ 主语+谓语;这里是how+形容词+主语+谓语,故选B。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。感叹句是高中阶段必须掌握的语法项目,不仅是在单选还经常在短文改错中考查。考生必须牢记what与how的用法。
即学即练:____?from?Beijing?to?London!
A.?How?long?way?it?is???????????????????????B.?What?a?long?way?is?it
C.?How?long?way?is?it???????????????????????D.?What?a?long?way?it?is
解析:D。句意:从伦敦到北京市多么长的距离。
14.D
【解析】
试题分析:句意,请帮我一个忙,通知王先生我们聚会的地点和日期。祈使句用动词原形。
考点:祈使句的考查
点评:祈使句的基本句型“ Do...”。这些常用的句型一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。
15.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:在晴天去野餐是多么愉快的事啊!fun是不可数名词,没有复数形式,也不可加不定冠词,其后可接(in) v -ing。fun可用于另一名词前作定语。what是对于感叹名词时用,how用来感叹形容词和副词。故选B。
考点:考查的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。感叹句是高中阶段必须掌握的语法项目,不仅是在单选还经常在短文改错中考查。考生必须牢记what与how的用法。
即学即练: ____________ dangerous the animals are !
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
解析:C。句意:这些动物是多么危险啊!
16.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句。句意:—对不起我来晚了。—下次早点来,好吗?根据句意本题的第二句表示的是请求的语气,故使用祈使句的形式。故D正确。
考点:考查祈使句
点评:祈使句表示是一个语气,可以是请求,也可以是命令和允诺;要特别注意祈使句是以动词原形开始,其反义疑问句可以使用will you?或者won’t you?的形式。
17.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句,what引导感叹句修饰名词,how引导感叹句修饰形容词或是副词,这句话terrible problems是名词,用what引导感叹句,在整个句子中做宾语从句,句意:雾霾天气让我们意识到我们面临着多么可怕的问题啊。选B。
考点:考查感叹句
点评:要记住感叹句的基本句式,what+a/an+adj+n.或者what+adj+n.(复数,或不可数名词),How后面接形容词或副词,也可以是How+adj+a/an+名词。
18.C
【解析】
试题分析:本题中when之后省略you are,when之前为祈使句,动词原形开头,故选C。句意:当你填写表格时,一定要仔细遵循这些指令。
考点:祈使句
点评:本题有一定难度。正确的分析句子的成分是关键,同时只有主句的主语与when从句的主语一致,并且从句谓语动词包含be动词时,才可省从句的主语和be动词。
19.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句。被祈使句的主语是those who want to say anything more;raise举起;筹集;rise站起来;起立;句意:那些还有意见要表达的人,请举起手,然后站起来说。故B正确。
考点:考查祈使句。
点评:祈使句是有主语的,只不过有时候主语被省略了,要注意动词的词性的辨析。
20.A
【解析】
试题分析:句意,一直走你就会看到一座教堂。你不要错过它。and 连接了两个并列句,and之前是一个祈使句,需要用动词原形,故选A。
考点:祈使句考查题。
点评:做这类题时要理解句与句之间关系。祈使句,需要用动词原形。
21.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句:句意:这么热的天气喝点饮料是多么快乐的事情。Fun是不可数名词,用what修饰,不能接不定冠词a,选D。
考点:考查感叹句
22.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:那时,山区的人过着多么糟糕的生活啊!此句的陈述语气形式为:The people in the mountains lived a terrible life at that time. 感叹形式可以有两种:What a terrible life the people…或How terrible a life the people…。因此,选B。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
23.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句。感叹句用what和how引导,what修饰名词,how修饰形容词,how后紧接形容词或副词,不与冠词连用;当名词是可数名词时,用what a引导感叹句,本句的fine修饰可数名词day,中心词还是名词day,排除B、D;day可数,故选C。
考点:考查感叹句
24.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句:句意:--玉树的 地震是多么可怕啊!--当然,我们应该尽力去帮助他们。因为在句中做表语用形容词,修饰形容词terrible用How,选B。
考点:考查感叹句
25. D
【解析】
试题分析:考查固定句型:句意:这个图画看起来多么让人舒服啊。这是感叹句,一般的句式是:the picture is pleasant______.由此可知是使用的:Sb/sth is +adj+to do句型,这里不定式是主动变被动,选D。
考点:考查固定句型
26.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句:句意:---对不起,聚会迟到了。--下次早一些好吗?从反意问句will you?
可知前面是祈使句,选D。
考点:考查祈使句
27.B
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句。句中系动词sound后面应接形容词。该句可改为:What the six blind men said sounded foolish.句意:这六个盲人说的话听起来多么愚蠢啊。故选B项。
考点:考查感叹句
28.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句:how与what 都可以引导感叹句,但是how 后面接的是形容词。what后面接的是名词。fun在这里是个名词,而fun作名词时是个不可数名词,所以就成了what fun 了,句意:这么好的天气出去远足真是有趣的事情。选C。
考点:考查感叹句
29.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查感叹句:句意:她在电影中扮演多么有趣的角色啊!难怪她获得了奥斯卡奖。这是感叹句,修饰的是名词可数名词role,前面要接修饰的形容词interesting,用what+冠词+形容词+名词,How修饰副词,或使用How+形容词+冠词+名词的结构,选D。
考点:考查感叹句
30.C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:尝一尝这些果汁,也许你就会喜欢它。此处是祈使句,故用动词原形的形式。
考点:考查动词的正确形式。
31.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句。动词原形放在祈使句的句首,表示一种语气。否定式就是在动词原形的前面直接加not, never等否定词。句意:永远不要再做那件事情。当我被他发现在玩火的时候,他对着我大喊。故D正确。
考点:考查祈使句用法
点评:祈使句通常都是把动词原形放在句首,其否定式就是在动词原形前面加否定词not, never.
32.A。
【解析】考查祈使句。祈使句都是把动词原形放在句首的。故A正确。句意:进来之前请敲门。故A正确。
考点:考查祈使句
点评:祈使句作为一种重要的时态,一直是考查重点。注意一种句式:祈使句+连词+陈述句(使用将来时)
33.A
【解析】考查感叹句。fun是不可数名词,故用what修饰,引导感叹句。
34.A
【解析】考察感叹句。当后面的中心词是名词时,使用what进行感叹;当中心词是形容词或者副词的时候,用how进行感叹。本句中的news是不可数名词,排除C。amazing news是名词短语,所以使用what感叹。故A正确。
35.A
【解析】句子种类Mary, come here为祈使句。
36.C
【解析】考查动词形式。本题考查祈使句,故用动词原形,故选C。
37.D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:年轻人在地铁里随地吐痰是多么不好的行为啊!此处因为强调名词bad manners感叹句,所以用what,句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式的复合结构for the young man to spit in the subway。
考点:考查感叹句及不定式短语的用法。
38.D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:想象我们是多么高兴当得知我们的同学已经被一些著名的大学录取。be excited to do sth,这里是感叹句,被感叹的词是excited,所以how +形容词 +主语+be to do,故选D。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
39.D
【解析】
试题分析:由句子的结构可知,正常的语序为“______, or I will shoot again!”所以应缺少祈使句,而不是非谓语动词。A,B.C均为非谓语动词的形式。
考点:本题考查句型结构的理解
40.C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:一个男孩满嘴是食物说话多么不礼貌呀!这里是感叹句被感叹的是名词manners,所以用what,what+形容词+名词+主语+谓语,它的陈述句是it is bad manners for the boy to talk with his mouth full,这里it是形式主语,for sb to do 是真正的主语,故选C。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。感叹句是高中阶段必须掌握的语法项目,不仅是在单选还经常在短文改错中考查。这里考生容易误选A。
即学即练: ____??nice?watch?it?is!
A.?How?????????B.?What??????C.?What?a?????????D.?How?a
解析:C。句意:多么好看的一块表。
41.C
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句。句意:要想得知更多关于如何申请奖学金的信息,请登录我的网站www.edu/scholarship。根据句意说明是请求对方做某件申请,故使用祈使句。C正确。
考点:考查祈使句
点评:祈使句通常表示请求,允许,命令等语气。祈使句通常是以动词原形开始的,表示说话人的语气等。
42.A
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句。祈使句表示的就是一种语气,如请求,命令,允诺等;句意:在你进入我的房间之前,请敲门。本句中的祈使句表示的是一种请求。故A正确。
考点:考查祈使句
点评:祈使句和情态动词相似,表示的都是一种语气,命令,允诺等等;另外要注意祈使句的主语通常被省略。
43.C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:你将发现你有电脑的最大的利益是每次你可以用它来帮助你工作。这里what引导的是感叹句,正常的语序是You will find the computer you own can be of great benefit each time you use it to help you work.这里被感叹的是名词great benefit,当然great修饰它应和它放在一起,所以of还是放在原来的位置。故选C。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
点评:本题较难。感叹句是高中阶段必须掌握的语法项目,不仅是在单选还经常在短文改错中考查。这里是感叹了介词短语中的名词,这种情况很少见,考生不容易做对。
即学即练:___terrible weather we've been having these days!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
解析:A。weather为不可数名词,B,D排除。C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A,符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。
44.D
【解析】
试题分析:考查祈使句。句意:在你下定决心要买某台电脑之前,你要比较一下不同的电脑的价格和功能。祈使句表示的一种语气,使用时,要把动词原形放在句首。故D正确。
考点:考查祈使句
点评:祈使句表示的是一种语气,使用的时候常常把动词原形放在句首。还经常构成:祈使句+连词+陈述句=If引导的条件句+主句。这个句型进一步转换成:名词短语+连词+陈述句。如果原句中的连词是and,那么可以转换成一个肯定的条件句;如果原句中的连词是or,可以转换成一个否定的祈使句。
45.B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:你可能想象不出当他们收到圣诞节礼物时他们是多么的高兴。这里是how引起的感叹句,其结构是how+形容词+主语+谓语+其他。故选B。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
点评:本题难度适中。感叹句是高中阶段必须掌握的语法项目,不仅是在单选还经常在短文改错中考查。考生必须牢记what与how的用法。
即学即练:How _____ it is!
A. how a football match exciting B. how exciting a football match
C. how an exciting football match D. a football match how exciting
解析:B。句意:多么振奋人心的一场球赛啊!
46.A
【解析】考察祈使句。结合句意可知A正确。句意:在进入房间之前,请敲门。
47.A
【解析】考查固定句型。祈使句+and+一般将来时,故答案为A。
48.C
【解析】考察特殊句型。祈使句+连词+陈述句=If 条件句,主句;结合句意可知C正确。句意:振作起来。顺其自然,你就会享受生活每一天。
49.C
【解析】考查感叹句。What引导感叹句,后面接名词或者名词短语。How引导感叹句,后面接形容词或者副词。本题后面是不可数名词,不能加a,用what表示感叹。句意:多么有用的建议啊!
50.:C
【解析】:考查祈使句。本题实际上是一个祈使句。句意:要注意某一个事物,因为你永远不知道改变你生活的是什么。故C正确。